We call the Victorian Era, the period of almost a century in which Great Britain went from being an agricultural

country to a fully
industrialized country. It is the era of the Industrial Revolution, the railroad, social revolutions, etc. A whole century dedicated to a queen, in
a country that evolved at different rates.
1) What does the word "Victorian" mean?
relating to the reign of Queen Victoria.
a person who lived during the Victorian period.
2) Who was the Queen Victoria and when did she start ruling?
was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 (at the age of 18) until her death in 1901. Known as the
Victorian era, her reign of 63 years and seven months was longer than any previous British monarch. It was a period of industrial, political,
scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. In 1876, the British
Parliament voted to grant her the additional title of Empress of India.
Her coronation took place on June 28, 1838.
3) What was built in 1851 and what was it due to? Who designed it?
in 1851 the first Universal Exhibition was held in London. On the occasion of this Exhibition, the magnificent Crystal Palace is built, which
constitutes an authentic architectural synthesis of the Industrial Revolution in that it uses iron and glass on a large scale,
It was designed by Joseph Pantox and Charles Fox.
Between May 1 and October 11, 1851, it hosted the Great World Exhibition in London.
After the exhibition, the building was moved to an adjoining district in South London where it remained from 1854 until its destruction in a
fire on November 30, 1936.
(Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations).
The exhibition was conceived to show the progress of the growing human industry and its limitless imagination through machinery,
manufactured products, sculptures, raw materials, etc. Its opening, the 1st. May, in Hyde Park, he showed all these wonders in the Crystal
Palace. Prince Albert, husband of Queen Victoria, was the main promoter of this exhibition.
4) Who was the Queen Victoria’s husband and how many children did they have?
Francis Albert Augustus Charles Emmanuel, Albert, Prince Consort, known as the Prince Consort, he was the husband of Queen Victoria of
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. At age 20 (10 of February of 1840), he married his first cousin, Queen Victoria, with
whom he had nine children.
He was the first prince in European history to wear his connection to the corporate world as a badge of pride, not shame.
Over time he adopted many public causes, such as educational reform and the abolition of slavery globally, and took over the administration
of the queen's staff, property, and office. He was very involved in organizing the Great Exhibition of 1851.
5) Who were George IV and William IV and what was their relationship with Queen Victoria?
The Prince Regent became George IV and Victoria was third in line to the throne after her uncles, the Duke of York and Duke of Clarence
(the future William IV).
George IV was King of the United Kingdom and Hannover, from January 29, 1820 until his death. George IV was the eldest child of King
George III and Queen Charlotte
He led an extravagant lifestyle that contributed to the fashions of the Regency era. He was a patron of new forms of leisure, style and taste.
George IV was a monarch who interfered in politics on numerous occasions (especially in the matter of Catholic Emancipation), although not
as much as his father.
George IV has had few admirers. He is remembered for running up colossal debts, becoming grossly fat, feuding constantly with his father,
George III, and persecuting his wife, Caroline, who was banned from his coronation in 1821.
It is said that every time George IV conquered a woman, he cut a lock of her hair and placed it in an envelope with the lady's name, as a
"trophy."
William IV was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death in 1837.
The third son of George III, William succeeded his elder brother George IV, becoming the last king and penultimate monarch of Britain's
House of Hanover.
William served in the Royal Navy in his youth, spending time in North America and the Caribbean, and was later nicknamed the "Sailor
King”. In 1789, he was created Duke of Clarence and St Andrews.
 6) Who were the parents of Queen Victoria?
Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld was a German princess and the mother of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
She was a German princess, later, princess consort of Leiningen after marrying her first husband, Emico Charles of Leiningen and, later,
Duchess consort of Kent and Strathearn when she married Prince Edward of Kent, son of King George III of the Kingdom United. From this
marriage, the future Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom would be born.
Edward was the first member of the royal family to live in North America for more than a short visit. In 1785 he began his military
training in Germany. His father George III tried to make him enter the University of Göttingen, but he decides to refuse despite
the advice of his brother the Duke of York. Then Prince Edward is sent to Lüneburg and then to Hanover, accompanied by his
guardian, Baron Wangenheim. 
7) What was Queen Victoria’s life like in Kensington Palace? Why did she and her mother move away?
The regime that she lived as a child in Kensington Palace was quite strict: she was not allowed to go outside, she could not play with other
children and she received classes alone.
Despite the validity of her legacy, Victoria's life was full of ups and downs and tragedies. She not only suffered the death of several loved
ones, but she lived depressive episodes, suffered peaks of unpopularity and even tried to kill her seven times while she was in her carriage
through the streets of London.
She had a sad and boring childhood. Her mother, the German Princess Victoria of Saxony, and her lover, the butler Sir John Conroy, took her
under their care and kept her cloistered and locked up in Kensington Palace, the same one where Prince William and Kate Middleton live
today.
At one point, she and her mother, the Duchess of Kent, had to move out of Kensington Palace to save money. So Victoria's nursery years
were spent in vigorously ordinary places like Ramsgate and Sidmouth.
8) What was the disturbance that Lord Rolle caused at Queen Victoria's coronation, how did she react and what did she do?
When the 87-year-old Lord Rolle tottered as he tried to mount the steps of the throne to do homage, Victoria's kind-hearted instinct was to
rise and go down the steps to meet him. She knew she needed help, and she was wise enough to ask for it from someone superbly able to
give it, the Whig Prime Minister, Lord Melbourne. That action gained his trust. She was, of course, the most desirable catch in Europe.
9) Who was Queen Victoria’s love at first sight and how did it happen?
Victoria's mother had thrown banquets and balls to ensure Victoria met the most eligible princes, including her Saxe-Coburg cousins,
Ernest and Albert. It may well have been her uncle Leopold who, in the spring of 1839, first made the suggestion to Victoria that
she might like to marry Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg. And that's when he fell in love at first sight. She practically ran the show,
practically grabbing her curly-haired suitor and running down the aisle. It was Victoria who supplied the ring, asked Albert for a
lock of hair, and they wallowed in the make-out sessions.
10) How was the reality that people lived in the black spots of Manchester described and who was the complainant of this case?
An American visitor taken to Manchester's black spots saw... Wretched, defrauded, oppressed, crushed human nature lying in bleeding
fragments. Luckily we were not born poor in England. The cotton mills were brutally demanding taskmasters. Whole families spent almost
all of their working hours tending to the machinery. Children were given menial but dangerous jobs like scavenging cotton fluff from
beneath the moving machinery. As bad as all this was, it was even worse when there were no jobs at all.
In the first years of Victoria's reign, hands were being laid off in tens of thousands. It would be a woman, Elizabeth Gaskell, who'd be the
whistleblower (complainant), the first of Victoria's sisters to stick her neck out.
11) Who were the sisters of Queen Victoria?
Elizabeth Gaskell was an English novelist and short story writer during the Victorian era.
Princess Feodora of Leiningen. Feodora and her older brother Carlos, III Prince of Leiningen, were siblings by the mother of Queen Victoria
of the United Kingdom, the result of their mother's second marriage.
1) who was Victoria and when did she die?
Alexandrina Victoria was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and empress of India. She was the last of the
house of Hanover and gave her name to an era, the Victorian Age. She and her husband, Albert, had nine children. Victoria first
learned of her future role as a young princess during a history lesson when she was 10 years old. She began to reign at the age of 18
and her reign lasted 63 years.

She died in 1901. Her last resting place was Osborne Castle, on the Isle of Wight, where she spent her last Christmas and where she
died at the age of 81. Her death meant the end of the power of the House of Hanover in the empire, and the subsequent coronation
of Edward the Seventh.

2) Who was Lord Curzon and what contributions did he make?

George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquis Curzon of Kedleston, was a British Conservative politician, who served as Viceroy of India
and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. In 1923 he was considered a strong candidate to succeed Prime Minister Andrew Bonar
Law.
3) Who restored the taj mahal and what was his idea after restoring it?
After years of neglect, a restoration program was begun by the British Lord Curzon at the end of the 19th century. The work
continued under the Archaeological Survey, and the buildings of Agra, including the Taj, were restored to something of their former
glory.
4) Why did Curzon leave India and what was happening in India at that time?
5) THOMAS BABINGTON MACAULAY
English Whig politician, essayist, poet, and historian best known for his History of England. He is considered primarily responsible
for introducing the Western education system in India.
6) WHAT WAS THE SUTTE?
7) WHAT WAS THE FUNERAL PIRA?
Funeral pyre, is a structure, usually made of wood, for burning a body as part of a funeral rite or execution. As a form of cremation,
a body is placed upon or under the pyre, which is then set on fire.
It is also used for the sacred fires at altars, on which parts of the animal sacrifice were burnt as an offering to the deity.
8) Who was Charles Trevelyan?
was a British civil servant and colonial administrator. As a young man, he worked with the colonial government in Calcutta,
India. ... During this time he was responsible for facilitating the government's inadequate response to the Irish famine.
9) Who were the SAHIBS?
The term sahib was applied indiscriminately to any person whether Indian or Non-Indian. This included Europeans who arrived in
the Sub-continent as traders in the 16th Century and hence the first mention of the word in European records is in 1673.
10) What was the name of the fungus that mainly affects plants in 1845?
The Irish Potato Famine, also known as the Great Hunger, began in 1845 when a fungus-like organism called Phytophthora
infestans (or P. infestans) spread rapidly throughout Ireland. The infestation ruined up to one-half of the potato crop that year, and
about three-quarters of the crop over the next seven years.
11) Who were the sepoys?
The sepoys were Indian soldiers who were recruited into the Company's army. Just before the rebellion, there were over 300,000
sepoys in the army
12) What was the Indian rebellion?
The Sepoy Rebellion failed due to a couple of key elements. One of the major reasons was that the two Indian groups, the Muslims
and the Hindus, were not friendly. Even though they had a common enemy, their basic grudge against each other led them to fight
instead of merge.