SAS 12 NUR 145

1.A

OCCIPITOPOSTERIOR POSITION
- It occurs in 1/10 of all labors and during internal rotation the head must rotate through 135 degrees
instead of 90 degrees
- Failure to rotate is termed PERSISTENT OCCIPUT POSTERIOR
-Common in women with android, anthropoid or contracted pelvis

2.B

OCCIPUT TRANSVERSE POSITION

- Due to ineffective contractions or a flattened bony pelvis
- Vaginal delivery is possible with oxytocin administration and application of forceps for delivery

3.C

3 types of BREECH PRESENTATION

A. Complete Breech
B. Frank Breech
C. Footling Breech- single or double

4.A

SHOULDER PRESENTATION/TRANSVERSE LIE

- Occurs in women with pendulous abdomens, uterine fibroid tumors, contraction of the pelvic brim,
congenital anomalies of the uterus, hydramnios, fetus with hydrocephalus or anything that prevents
engagement, prematurity, multiple gestation or short umbilical cord.
- Obvious on inspection because the uterus is more horizontal
-Diagnosed by LM, confirmed by UTZ

-Mature fetus cannot be delivered vaginally; CS is recommended

-Cord or arm may prolapse

5.C

Brow Presentation is a type of fetal malpresentation which is the rarest type, occurs in multipara or
woman with relaxed abdominal muscles that often leads to obstructed labor because the head becomes
jammed in the brim of the pelvis.

6.B

OMPOUND PRESENTATION
-More than 1 part of the fetus presents; most commonly hand or arm prolapsing with the head

-Risk of cord compression and prolapse is increased

- Method of delivery depends on size, presence of distress and progress of labor

7.D

FACE PRESENTATION -A fetal head presenting at a different angle than expected is termed ASYNCLITISM
(FACE and BROW)

8.C

Severe variable deceleration pattern -FHR repeatedly decelerates <90bpm for over 60 sec before
returning to baseline -due to interference of blood flow from cord

9.A

Early Deceleration -occur early in labor before the head has fully descended due to cephalopelvic
disproportion can cause head compression

10.B

Late deceleration pattern -FHR slows following the peak of a contraction & slowly returns to baseline
rate during the resting phase