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இ த க ைர ைன த ப பத இ ேக ெசா க
In Tamil Nadu many freedom fighters played a vital role in the struggle for freedom in India.
In those days, women have contributed a lot in Social Reformation.
This resource will provide you an information about women leaders from Tamil Nadu who fought for freedom in India.
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9/17/2020 Famous Women Leaders for Social Reformation in Tamil Nadu
Many people became famous not because of wealth, power, education and status but because of their dedication.
One such a reformer who proved that service could be done through humanity and goodwill was Dr. S. Dharmambal.
She had the insist of social service, she studied Siddha medicine and started a hospital in Chennai.
Later she entered into the public service.
Dr. S. Dharmambal was born at Karunthattankudi near Thanjavur.
As she was very much influenced by the ideas of Periyar, she showed great interest in implementing widow remarriage, inter cast
marriage and women education.
She had also great interest in the development of Tamil literature and Tamil Music.
She participated in the Hindi agitation programme (1937-40) and went to Jail many times.
Till 1940 the Tamil teachers had no due recognition in the society. They were not paid equal salary like other teachers. So, she
started an agitation called 'Elavu Varam'.
As a result, the Educational Minister Thiru. Avinasalingam Chettiar announced equal pay to Tamil teachers like other teachers.
To make the students improve their knowledge in Tamil and to score good marks in Tamil "Chennai Manavar Mandram" was
established.
She was President of this association for more than 10 years.
Appreciating her service to Tamil language and literature she was conferred the title "Veera Tamilannai" in 1951.
She was one of the organisers of the 1938 conference of the Progressive Women's Association, which bestowed the title of Periyar
on E. V. Ramasamy.
She also gave the title of "Ealisai Mannar" to Thiyagaraja Bagavathar.
The great women who sacrificed and dedicated her whole life for the Tamil people. Tamil language and Tamil literature was died in
1959 at the age of 69.
Moovalur Ramamirtham (1883–1962)
She was a Tamil social reformer, author, and political activist of the Dravidian Movement, who worked for the abolition of
the Devadasi system in the Madras Presidency.
She was born in Thiruvarur, and was brought up at Moovalur a village near Mayiladuthurai. Hence, she was called commonly
known as Moovalur Ramamirtham Ammaiyar.
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9/17/2020 Famous Women Leaders for Social Reformation in Tamil Nadu
She was the author of the 1936 novel Dasigalin Mosavalai alladhu madhi pettra minor (lit. Devadasis' web of deceit or the minor
grown wise) which exposed the plight of the devadasis.
Originally a supporter of the nationalist Indian National Congress, she became a member of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy's Self-Respect
Movement after Periyar left the Congress in 1925.
In 1930, she supported Muthulakshmi Reddy's failed attempt to abolish the Devadasi system in the Presidency through legislation.
She took part in the Anti-Hindi agitations of 1937-40 and in November 1938, was jailed for six weeks for participating in the
agitations.
The public awareness created by her novel and her continuous campaign to abolish the devadasi system, were instrumental in the
passage of the Madras Devadasi (Prevention of Dedication) Act or the Devadasi Abolition Bill, which outlawed the practice in 1947.
In 1949, she parted ways with Periyar, when he married Maniammai, a woman much younger than he was.
She became a supporter of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), a new party started by Periyar's protege C. N. Annadurai.
She remained a DMK supporter till her death in 1962.
After seeing her dream became true, she passed away on 27 June, 1962.
In her memory, the Government of Tamil Nadu has instituted the "Moovalur Ramamirtham Ammal Ninaivu Marriage Assistance
Scheme" - a social welfare scheme to provide financial assistance to poor women.
Eligibility for this as follows
Educational - The bride should have studied upto 10th Std. In case of Scheduled Tribe Qualification will be 5th Standard
Income limit Not exceeding Rs.12,000/- per annum
Age limit Bride should have completed 18 years of age
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