LAB REPORT 1

1. Title: Determination of Specific Gravity of Soil

2. Table of Contents
3. Introduction
4. Objectives
5. Terms and Definitions
6. Apparatus
7. Procedure
8. Observations

9. Result
a. Specific Gravity of Given Soil

(650) - (450)_________
(650-450) – (850 -1000)
= 0.5714

The sample specimen utilized in this experiment had a specific gravity

of 0.5714. The theoretical specific gravity of the most common minerals
found in soils ranges from 2.6 to 2.9. The specific gravity of sandy soil
is reported to be 2.65, whereas clayey and silty soils have specific
gravities ranging from 2.6 to 2.9. Soils containing organic matter and
porous particles may have specific gravity values of less than 2.0,
whereas heavy compounds may have values of more than 3.0. The full
elimination of air from the sample is the principal cause of inaccuracy in
the experiment. Also, the loss of water during the hydration of the
oven-dried sample may cause inaccuracies. The presence of biological
material may lower the specific gravity as well.
10. Conclusion
 The experiment's objectives were met since we were able to measure the
specific gravity of the soil sample. The experiment yielded a value of 0.5714.
The specific gravity may be used to calculate the degree of saturation. The
specific gravity of soils may be used to calculate the degree of saturation,
void ratio, and unit weight of damp soils. In soil engineering, the unit weight is
essential for the computation of pressure settlement and stability concerns. In
sedimentation analysis, specific gravity is also used to compute the particle
rise of soil.

11. Questions
a. If entrapped air is not removed completely, how will it affect the value
of specific gravity of solids?

- If there is a partial air in soil solids. Water cannot enter the soil because
it is occupied by imprisoned air. As a result, entrapped air reduces the value
of the sum of the solid's weight (pycnometer+solid+water), resulting in a drop
in the value of specific gravity.

b. Mention the practical application of specific gravity of soil solids.

- Specific gravity is a quantity with no dimensions. When we study
two liquids, their densities may be in different units. Density may be
measured in a variety of ways. So, in order to develop a simple way
to compare two liquids, the notion of specific gravity was
introduced. If we know the specific gravity of two liquids, we may
compare their densities.

12. Appendices
a. Calculations