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BUSINESS FINANCE
Quarter 3 – Module 5
Loan Requirements of Bank
and Nonbank Institutions
Business Finance – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 5: Loan Requirements of Bank and Nonbank Institutions
First Edition, 2020
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Business Finance
Quarter 3 – Module 5
Loan Requirements of Bank
and Nonbank Institutions
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Grade 12 Business Finance Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on Loan Requirements of Bank and Nonbank Institutions!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators
both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator
in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body
of the module:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
Welcome to the Grade 12 Business Finance Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on Loan Requirements of Bank and Nonbank Institutions!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
This will give you an idea of the skills or
What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
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competency.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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Financial institutions serve most people in some way, as financial operations are a critical
part of any economy, with individuals and companies relying on financial institutions for
transactions and investing. Governments consider it imperative to oversee and regulate banks and
financial institutions because they do play such an integral part of the economy.
Now, in this lesson we will focus on the definition of bank and nonbank financial institutions
and its loan requirements.
LEARNING COMPETENCY:
▪ Compare and contrast the loan requirements of the different banks
and nonbank institutions (ABM_BF12- IIIe-f-14)
OBJECTIVES:
K: Identify bank and nonbank institution;
S: Enumerate the loan requirements of the different banks and
nonbank institutions;
A: Recognize the loan requirements of the different banks and
nonbank institutions.
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Pre-assessment
A. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter corresponding to the correct answer and write it in your
notebook.
1. It is the most liquid asset.
A. cash B. Accounts receivable C. inventory
2. Which of the following spring out of the end to sell merchandise?
A. cash B. Accounts receivable C. inventory
3. It shows the willingness of the borrower to repay the loan.
A. Character B. Capacity C. Collateral D. Capital
4. What is a customer’s financial resources?
A. Character B. Capacity C. Collateral D. Capital
B. Essay. Answer what is asked. Accomplish this in your notebook.
Explain the tools used in managing the following.
1. Cash
2. Accounts receivable
3. Inventory
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’s In
Task 1
Direction: Take a look at the picture below. Answer the guide questions below.
Accomplish this in your notebook.
Source:
https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH838PH838&sxsrf=ALeKk00YFMkBgcoxBl
BUKUD6g1HnvRQiRw:1612017908035&source=univ&tbm=isch&q=loan+requirements+of+bank
ing+institution&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjnoZ7W8sPuAhXWP3AKHQj5DyQQjJkEegQIJBAB#imgr
c=JEkLYq_Afrv_UM
Guide questions:
1. What are the different figures that you that gives impact to you?
2. Do the figures relate each other? Explain briefly.
3. How did you find its relationship?
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’s New
Task 2
Direction: Copy the rectangular box below and write your answers in your notebook.
Question: What comes to your mind when you hear the word loan requirement?
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is It
Banking Institution
Banking Institution also referred to as a universal or commercial bank can range from a
large financial institution with a highly visible brand name and an international presence to a small
organization with a local presence.
A banking institution’s financing activities generally involve various types of lending, such
as corporate finance, housing, project finance, retail, short-term finance, small-medium
enterprises, trade, and others. Alternatively, the focus of a banking institution may be only on
specific transactions with clients that meet certain requirements and within certain industry sectors.
Banking institutions may also provide financial products with a focus on environmental business
opportunities.
Financial institutions
Financial institutions otherwise known as banking institutions, are corporations that provide
services as intermediaries of financial markets. Broadly speaking, there are three major types of
financial institutions:
1. Depository institutions – deposit-taking institutions that accept and manage deposits and
make loans, including banks, building societies, credit unions, trust companies,
and mortgage loan companies;
2. Contractual institutions – insurance companies and pension funds
3. Investment institutions – investment banks, underwriters, brokerage firms.
Financial institutions can be distinguished broadly into two categories according to ownership
structure:
1. Commercial Banks
2. Cooperative Banks
A nonbank financial institution (NBFI) is a financial institution that does not have a full
banking license and cannot accept deposits from the public. However, NBFIs do facilitate
alternative financial services, such as investment (both collective and individual), risk pooling,
financial consulting, brokering, money transmission, and check cashing.
These are other financial institutions which engage in specific functions. They provide services
related to claims, financial information and advice, manage portfolios of financial assets on behalf
of other economic units, buy and sell claims on institutions from clients, and assist in finding
sources for those economic units seeking loans.
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1. Risk pooling institutions
Insurance companies underwrite economic risks associated with death, illness, damage to or
loss of property, and other risk of loss. They provide a contingent promise of economic protection
in the case of loss. There are two main types of insurance companies: life insurance and general
insurance. General insurance tends to be short-term, while life insurance is a longer contract, ending
at the death of the insured. Both types of insurance, life and property, are available to all sectors of
the community.
Contractual savings institutions (also called institutional investors) provide the opportunity
for individuals to invest in collective investment vehicles in a fiduciary rather than a principle role.
Collective investment vehicles invest the pooled resources of the individuals and firms into
numerous equity, debt, and derivatives promises.
Market makers are broker-dealer institutions that quote both a buy and sell price for an asset
held in inventory. Such assets include equities, government and corporate debt, derivatives, and
foreign currencies.
NBFIs are a source of consumer credit (along with licensed banks). Examples of nonbank
financial institutions include:
o Insurance firms
o Venture capitalists
o Currency exchanges
o Microloan organizations
o Pawnshops.
As the banking system was evolving there was a parallel development of the other financial
institutions. Insurance for workers under the Government Service Insurance System was in
operation by 1936. Compulsory social security insurance in the private sector was founded in 1957
with the creation of the Social Security System.
These institutions were created essentially to protect the welfare of employees. The
consequence was that they set up large funds that were generated from the insurance premium of
members and their counterpart institutions. A logical result was the corresponding effort to
administer the welfare programs to protect the insurance funds that are generated.
Among these are institutions like PAG-IBIG fund. In conjunction with the promotion of
housing, the government also created the National Home Mortgage Financing Corporation which is
designed as a national mortgage bank that could refinance the mortgage papers of other financial
institutions.
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Component Institutions
3. Investment Companies. Any issuer which the Commission, upon application by such
issuer, finds and by order declares to be primarily engaged in a business or businesses other than
that of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities either directly or (A) through majority-owned
subsidiaries or (B) through controlled companies conducting similar types of business.
4. Securities Dealers and Brokers. A securities dealer buys and sells shares of stock of
another or acquires securities for profit. In contrast, a securities broker facilitates transaction
between a buyer and seller of securities for a commission
5. Venture Capital Corporations. These are organized jointly by private banks, the
National Development Corporation and the Technology Livelihood Research Center and/or other
government agencies to develop, promote, and assist small and medium scale enterprises through
debt to equity financing.
6. Pawnshops. Provide credit to small borrowers who are not qualified to obtain small loans
from other financial institutions. Cost of borrowing and terms of payment are generally fair making
it as one of the components of the country’s financial system that plays a vital role in socio-
economic development. Compared with banks, pawnshops do not impose as many documentary
requirements before releasing cash to customers. Moreover, the latter are more accessible, as they
may be found even in remote areas where banks do not operate.
7. Lending Investors. Lending investors are those who make a practice of lending money
for themselves or others. They extend all types of loans, generally short term, often without
collateral, using their own capital.
8. Mutual Building and Loan Associations. These are corporations whose capital stock
must be subscribed by the stockholders in regular equal installments with the purpose of
accumulating the stockholders’ savings and repaying them with their accumulated savings and
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profits upon surrender of their shares in order to encourage industry, savings, and home building
among its stockholders.
1. Purpose of Loan
While some lenders don’t have usage restrictions, most will want to know how you plan to
spend it. For instance, some businesses experience resistance from banks when they apply for a loan
to reduce existing debt.
In comparison, banks usually approve of businesses using loans for the following reasons:
2. Business Experience
When reviewing your loan application, banks will consider how much experience you have.
If you’ve owned your business for years, and have managed your finances responsibly, this will be
in your favor. In comparison, if you’ve recently opened your business, or have struggled financially,
this could be detrimental.
3. Business Plan
When applying for a bank loan, you might be asked to submit your business plan. It might
seem tedious, but your business plan can help the bank determine the right loan amount and term
for you.
4. Credit History
When considering your business for a loan, a bank will conduct a credit check. They’ll do
this to determine your personal and business credit scores. Personal credit history especially matters
for businesses that operate as proprietors or partnerships. In both cases, the business owner assumes
partial or full financial responsibility for the company.
5. Personal Information
Even though you’ll be borrowing money for your business, some personal information could
affect your ability to qualify. As we mentioned in the previous section, your personal credit score
will affect your eligibility. In addition, banks usually also request the following personal
information in your application:
• Addresses
• Criminal record
• Information on your education
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• Tax returns
• Financial statements
• Assets
• Personal Loan Balances
6. Financial Statements
In addition to personal financial information, you’ll also need to submit your business’s
financial statements. The amount of statements will vary depending on the bank you’re applying to.
Most banks will require a balance sheet, profit and loss statements, cash flow statements, income
statements, and other financial projections. In addition, they may want to see your business’s bank
account balances.
7. Collateral
Even if your business or personal credit history falls below bank loan requirements, you
could still receive financing by submitting collateral. Banks define collateral as business or personal
property that you put up to guarantee the repayment of a loan.
Other forms of collateral include automobiles, expensive jewelry, and high-end antiques.
The expected useful life of your collateral must match the lifespan of the business loan.
8. Cash Flow
The primary financial concern for banks when it comes to accepting applicants involves
business cash flow. In other words, does your business generate enough cash flow to repay a bank
loan on-time? To determine this, the bank will ask you to present information about your primary
business cash sources. Most banks understand that managing cash flow is a common challenge for
business owners, especially entrepreneurs that own seasonal businesses.
What are the usual loan requirements and application? See table below.
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nearest relative not living with the identified • If approved, final documents sign-off
contact (interest rate and other terms) and loan
release
Attest and authorization require affixing • If rejected, rejection letter sent to
applicant’s signature on the credit applicant
application stating that everything on the
application is true and correct and
authorizing the lender to verify the
information provided with the identified
contacts and references.
The credit department evaluates on the basis
of Character, Capacity, collateral, capital and
conditions or 5C’s of credit
Note: Loan application requirements and process vary among banks, credit cooperatives and
commercial finance companies.
’s More
Task 3
Direction: Copy the process questions below in your notebook and answer directly.
1. In loan application, when is a co-maker required?
2. What is the importance of affixing applicant’s signature on the loan application?
3. Enumerate the five C’s of credit and describe each.
Task 4
Direction: List at least five important details to be filled-in in the following sample of loan
application form of a banking financial institution and give its importance. Write it in your
notebook.
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Source: https://www.pdffiller.com/14442794-fillable-maybank-philippines-personal-
loan-pdf-form
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Task 5
Direction: List at least five important details to be filled-in in the following sample of
loan application form of a non- bank financial institution and give its importance.
Source: https://www.pdffiller.com/jsfiller-
desk13/?requestHash=19e149defb4cc48ddf7a58e55ab973873efba7926ce6c0c5cc44ef93cd7eb55f&
projectId=632199817#1e72e0d7785badac8701bd42bfe6784f
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I Have Learned
Now that we are finished in our lesson, let us review the topics we have learned.
Task 6
Direction: Answer the following questions below in your notebook.
1. What are the two main classification of Financial Institution? How do they differ
in terms of loan requirements?
2. Do Nonbank Financial Institutions have full banking license? Briefly explain
your answer.
3. Name at least three (3) bank loan requirements and briefly describe the
importance of each.
I Can Do
Task 7
Direction: Choose one bank, one credit cooperative and nonbank financial institution. Research on
the following: Accomplished in your notebook.
a. compare the loan application requirements
b. loan application process.
OUTSTANDING (20pts)
Appropriateness: Fulfills or exceeds all of the assigned content requirements.
Accuracy: Knowledge of the subject is accurate throughout.
Extensiveness: Exhibits convincing range and quality of knowledge, having done
appropriate research, if applicable.
Perspective: The information presented reveals the understanding of the concept.
EFFECTIVE (15pts)
Appropriateness: Fulfills the important content requirements of the assignment.
Accuracy: Knowledge of the subject is accurate throughout except in minor details.
Extensiveness: Seems informed on the subject, having done appropriate research, if
applicable.
Perspective: The information presented reveals understanding of the concept
ADEQUATE (10 pts)
Appropriateness: Fulfills some of the important content requirements of the
assignment.
Accuracy: Knowledge of the subject is generally accurate, though flawed.
Extensiveness: Exhibits limited range or quality of knowledge, having done minimal
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appropriate research, if applicable.
Perspective: The information presented reveals partial understanding of the concept.
INEFFECTIVE (5pts)
Appropriateness: Fails to address the important requirements of the assignment.
Accuracy: Knowledge of the subject is generally inaccurate.
Extensiveness: Knowledge of the subject lacks range or quality.
Perspective: The information presented reveals failure to understand the concept.
Directions: Identify what is asked in each item. Write the letter of the correct answer in your
notebook.
A. Modified Matching Type: Classify the following and write the correct answer in the correct
column. Accomplish this in your notebook.
Reflection
Complete the following statements. Write your statements in your activity notebook.
3. Using the knowledge I have learned in this lesson, I will be able to..._______________________.
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References
What is bank? Accessed: January 17, 2021.
[https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH838PH838&sxsrf=ALeKk00YFMkBgcoxBl
BUKUD6g1HnvRQiRw:1612017908035&source=univ&tbm=isch&q=loan+requirements+of+bank
ing+institution&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjnoZ7W8sPuAhXWP3AKHQj5DyQQjJkEegQIJBAB#imgr
c=JEkLYq_Afrv_UM]
What is banking financial institution? Accessed: January 17, 2021.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_institution]
What is nonbank financial institution? Accessed: January 17, 2021.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-bank_financial_institution]
Everything you know about NBFI. Accessed: January 18, 2021.
[https://glenhawk.com/nbfi/]
Nonbanking Financial institution. Accessed: January 18, 2021.
[https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/gfdr/gfdr-2016/background/nonbank-financial-
institution]
Bank loan requirements. Accessed: January 21, 2021.
[https://www.forafinancial.com/blog/working-capital/8-bank-loan-requirements/]
May Bank Loan application form. Accessed: January 21, 2021.
[https://www.pdffiller.com/14442794-fillable-maybank-philippines-personal-loan-
pdf-form]
SSS Loan Application form. Accessed: January 21, 2021.
[https://www.pdffiller.com/jsfiller-
desk13/?requestHash=19e149defb4cc48ddf7a58e55ab973873efba7926ce6c0c5cc44ef93cd7eb55f&
projectId=632199817#1e72e0d7785badac8701bd42bfe6784f]
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