GROUP WORK

TITLE: PATERNOSTER LIFT

DATE: 7TH May, 2021
AIM:
 To understand what is paternoster lift?
 How does it work?
 How safe is it?
 The components
 Design
 The origin
 Places it can be found
 References
GROUP MEMBERS:
 Essien Liz-silva 18CB024663
 Oluwabango Peace 18CB024686
 Ajegbemika Oluwatobiloba 18CB024646
 Okolo George 18CB024680
What is a Paternoster Lift?
A paternoster lift is a passenger elevator which consists of a chain of
open compartments (each usually designed for two persons) that move
slowly in a loop up and down inside a building without stopping.
Passengers can step on or off at any floor they like. The same technique
is also used for filing cabinets to store large amounts of (paper)
documents or for small spare parts. The much smaller belt manlift which
consists of an endless belt with steps and rungs but no compartments is
also sometimes called a paternoster.

The Origin
The name paternoster ("Our Father", the first two words of the Lord's
Prayer in Latin) was originally applied to the device because the elevator
is in the form of a loop and is thus similar to rosary beads used as an aid
in reciting prayers.
The construction of new paternosters was stopped in the mid-1970s out
of concern for safety, but public sentiment has kept many of the
remaining examples open.

Places it can be found.

By far most remaining paternosters are in Europe, with 230 examples in
Germany, and 68 in the Czech Republic. Only three have been identified
outside Europe: one in Malaysia, one in Sri Lanka, and another in Peru.
One of the main advantages of the paternoster elevator system is that it
usually allows six to eight cars to circulate in a continuous loop in the
space normally occupied by just two. In the UK, paternoster lifts were
particularly favoured by universities owing to the amount of multi-storey
campus buildings that sprang up during the 1960s. Leicester
University’s Attenborough Tower had a paternoster. As did the
Muirhead Tower at The University of Birmingham and the Art Tower
Sheffield. The Arts Tower at the University of Sheffield has a
paternoster lift said to be the longest in the world, with 38 passenger
cars.
There are 231 surviving examples of paternoster passenger lifts in
Germany alone, where there was a significant wave of resistance to
a Government attempt to ban the conveyor belt-style systems in 1994.
At that time, a dedicated Paternoster Association was founded in Munich
with a mandate to protect the paternoster from extinction, but they’re
still the target of government officials concerned over their safety.

How does it work?

A paternoster lift is a type of passenger lift that consists of a chain or
conveyor belt of open compartments that move slowly in a loop up and
down inside a building. As each car reaches the top (or bottom) of the
loop. It shifts sideways before descending (or ascending).
It does all this without stopping, and passenger step on and off at any
floor they like. The same technique is also used for filing cabinets to
store large amounts of (paper) documents or for
small spear parts. The much smaller belt manlift which consists of an
endless belt with steps and rungs but no compartment is also sometimes
called a paternoster. Typically, cabins can accommodate two people at a
time.
History
Peter Ellis installed the first elevators that could be described as
paternoster lifts in Oriel Chambers in Liverpool in 1868. Another was
used in 1876 to transport parcels at the General Post Office in London.
In 1877, British engineer Peter Hart obtained a patent on the first
paternoster. In 1884, the engineering firm of J & E Hall of Dartford,
Kent, installed its first "Cyclic Elevator", using Hart's patent, in a
London office block.
The newly built Dovenhof in Hamburg was inaugurated in 1886. The
prototype of the Hamburg office buildings equipped with the latest
technology also had a paternoster. This first system outside of Great
Britain already had the technology that would later become common, but
was still driven by steam power like the English systems.[ circular
reference]
The highest paternoster lift in the world was located in Stuttgart in the
16-floor Tagblatt tower, which was completed in 1927.
Paternosters were popular throughout the first half of the 20th century
because they could carry more passengers than ordinary elevators. They
were more common in continental Europe, especially in public
buildings, than in the United Kingdom. They are relatively slow
elevators, typically travelling at about 30 cm per second (approx. 1 ft per
second), to facilitate getting on and off.
How safe is it?
Paternoster elevators are intended only for transporting people.
Accidents have occurred when they have been misused for transporting
bulky items, such as ladders or library trolleys. The risk involved is
estimated as 30 times higher than conventional elevators. A
representative of the Union of Technical Inspection Associations stated
that Germany saw an average of one death per year prior to 2002, at
which point many paternosters were made inaccessible to the general
public.
The construction of new paternosters is no longer allowed in many
countries[which?] because of the high risk of accident for people who
cannot use them properly. In 2012, an 81-year-old man was killed when
he fell into the shaft of a paternoster in the Dutch city of The Hague.
Elderly people, disabled people, and children are most vulnerable.
In September 1975, the paternoster in Newcastle University's Claremont
Tower was taken out of service after a passenger was killed when a car
left its guide rail at the top of its journey and forced the two cars
ascending behind it into the winding room above. In October 1988 a
second, non-fatal accident occurred in the same lift. A conventional lift
replaced it in 1989–1990.
In West Germany, new paternoster installations were banned in 1974,
and in 1994 there was an attempt to shut down all existing installations.
However, there was a wave of popular resistance to the ban, and to a
similar attempt in 2015. As of 2015, Germany has 231 paternosters.
In April 2006, Hitachi announced plans for a modern paternoster-style
elevator with computer-controlled cars and standard elevator doors to
alleviate safety concerns. A prototype was revealed as of February 2013.
In 2009, Solon received special permission to build a brand new
paternoster in its Berlin headquarters.
Component of paternosters
 The driving motor,
 Brake,
 Gearing and control equipment
 Machine room at the top of the shaft.
 Emergency stop buttons.

INNOVATION

The omnidirectional MULTI elevator system represents an even greater

leap in lift engineering, facilitated by maglev (magnetic levitation)
technology. Indeed, switching from ropes to magnets could have
implications for not just intra- but also inter-building transit.

For starters, like a traditional paternoster (or Hitachi’s new system),

more than one maglev car can occupy a single shaft at any given time.
The real trick that takes them to the next level, though, is that MULTI
cars can travel not just vertically but also horizontally. Imagine jumping
into an elevator, going up a few dozen floors, then across a skyway to an
adjacent structure. Some distant iteration in this direction could even
link disconnected buildings via networks of underground shafts. For
now, ThyssenKrupp is scheduled to open their first full MULTI
prototype for research and testing later this year in Germany.
Advantages And Disadvantages Of paternoster In Building
 The main advantage of the paternoster is that passenger can arrive
at any floor, intending to travel up and down.
 They are particularly suited to serve the internal traffic of the
building.
 It usually suitable for 6- 7 storey buildings.
 Not suitable to be used by handicapped people or people on whilst
chair, tea trolleys, children or older people and goods.
References
 what is paternoster lift?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternoster_lift
 How does it work?
https://elevation.fandom.com/wiki/Paternoster
 How safe is it?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternoster_lift
 The components
https://www.academia.edu/31045518/
MECHANICAL_MOVEMENT_IN_BUILDING_Power_Point
_pptx
  Design
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/aug/14/elevator-
germans-loopy-revolving-lifts-paternosters
 The origin
https://www.fluxmagazine.com/paternoster-lift/
 Places it can be found
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternoster_lift
 Innovation
https://99percentinvisible.org/article/paternoster-lifts-cyclic-
chain-elevators-no-buttons-doors-stops/
 Advantages And Disadvantages Of paternoster In Building
https://www.academia.edu/31045518/
MECHANICAL_MOVEMENT_IN_BUILDING_Power_Point_
pptx