• Rubor (redness): Dilatation of small blood vessels in damaged area
Calor (heat): Increased blood flow to area (hyperaemia)
Tumour (swelling): Accumulation of fluid in extracellular space (edema, British: Oedema) Dolor (pain): Stretching/distortion of tissue from oedema (esp. from pus), chemical mediators can induce pain Loss of function: Movement hindered etc.