SHS

General Physics 1 Activity Sheet

Quarter 2 – MELC 23
Week 5
Doppler Effect

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

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General Physics 1
Activity Sheet No. 9 - Doppler Effect
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

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Introductory Message
Welcome to General Physics 1

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Sagay City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas
through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is
developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible adults)
in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic Education
Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed to

guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the
contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
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learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) with
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The General Physics 1 Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue
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carefully read and understand the instructions then perform the activities and answer
the assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed schedule.

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Name of Learner: ____________________________________________________
Grade and Section: _______________________________Date: _______________

General Physics 1 Activity Sheet No. 9

Doppler Effect

I. Learning Competency with Code

Relate the frequency (source dependent) and wavelength of sound with the motion
of the source and the listener. (STEM_GP12MWSIIe-37)

II. Background Information for Learners

Waves can be distorted if there is a relative motion

between the source and the observer. As long as
there is relative motion between the two, there is a
difference on what you really hear (sound waves).
Just like when a car passes by, the “zoom” sound that
you hear is different as the car approaches and as
the car moves away from you.
https://www.123rf.com/photo_88354384_car-passing-by-on-a-national-highway-germany.html

III. Activity Proper

Directions: Read the selection below about Doppler effect and answer the
activity that follows.

Doppler Effect – the change in the observed frequency as the listener or source
moves relative to each other. This phenomenon applies both on mechanical and
electromagnetic waves and was proposed in 1842 by Austrian physicist Johann
Christian Doppler.

Take an ambulance as shown in Figure 1. The stationary ambulance propagates the

siren sound in all directions. The crests of each wave (represented by the line) are
equally distant from each other. The listener on point A and point B can still hear the
original frequency of the siren.

Figure 1: The listeners at point A and B will hear the same sound frequency as the ambulance generates.

Take an ambulance as shown in Figure 2. The moving ambulance causes the sound
frequency to distort. As the ambulance is approaching point A, the distance between
each crest in front is narrow causing for you to hear a high pitch sound; and as it moves
away from point B, the distance between each crest behind is wider causing for you
to hear a low pitch sound of its siren.

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 Figure 2: The sound frequency generated by the ambulance is distorted as the source moves from point B to
point A.

You can calculate for the apparent frequency that the two listeners (observer) can hear
as the ambulance (sound source) moves relative to the two listeners. The Table 1
below shows the formula for apparent frequency when the source and listener are
approaching/receding from each other.

Table 1: Approaching and Receding formulae for Doppler Effect

Source and Listener Approaching Source and Listener Receding
● As the source and the listener are ● As the source and the listener are
relatively moving towards each other, the relatively moving away from one
listener will hear an apparent frequency another, the listener will hear an
(f’) much higher to the frequency that is apparent frequency much lower from the
originally generated by the source. original frequency.
𝒗 + 𝒗𝒍 𝒗−𝒗
f ‘ = f s (𝒗 − 𝒗 ) f ‘ = f s (𝒗 + 𝒗 𝒍 )
𝒔 𝒔

where:
f' = apparent frequency; the sound frequency that the listener will hear
fs = source frequency; the sound frequency that the source is generating
v = sound speed; 343m/s at room temperature (20⁰C)
vl = speed of the listener
vs = speed of the sound source

Example: If the ambulance in Figure 2 moves at a speed of 20m/s and the two
listeners are stationary, calculate for the apparent frequency that listener A and B
would hear. The siren of the ambulance is 700Hz.

Solution:
Listener A Listener B
Since the listener A and the Since the listener B and the
ambulance are approaching to each ambulance are moving away from
other, we use: each other, we use:
𝑣+𝑣 𝒗−𝒗
f ‘ = f s (𝑣 − 𝑣 𝑙 ) f ‘ = f s (𝒗 + 𝒗 𝒍 )
𝑠 𝒔

343m/s + 0m/s 343m/s − 0m/s

f ‘ = 700Hz(343m/s − 20m/s) = 743.34Hz f ‘ = 700Hz(343m/s + 20m/s) = 661.43Hz

Listener A will hear a high pitch sound Listener B will hear a low pitch sound
from the ambulance. The wavelength from the ambulance. The wavelength
of 743.34Hz is shorter than the original of 661.43Hz is longer than the original
700Hz frequency. 700Hz frequency.

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ACTIVITY
Directions: Answer the problems below by applying what you have learned.

1. You are sitting on a bench and a police car approaches your location at a speed of
21 m/s. The police car has a siren of 1500 Hz.

A. What frequency will you hear when the police car moves towards you?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

B. What is the wavelength of the sound that you hear as the police car moves
towards you?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

C. What frequency will you hear when the police car moves away from you?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

D. What is the wavelength of the sound that you hear as the police car moves
away from you?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2. Describe the relationship between the wave’s frequency and wavelength.

__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

3. Train A is traveling at a speed of 270 kilometers per hour. As it approaches the

station, it whistles at a frequency of 430 Hz.

A. What apparent frequency will the passengers riding on train A hear?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

B. What apparent frequency will the commuters waiting on the station hear?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

C. If train B is approaching train A on the opposite track at a speed of 270 kph,

what apparent frequency will the passengers on train B hear?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

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4. As you were standing on the road an ambulance generates a 900Hz sound but
what you hear is 1270Hz.
A. Is the ambulance approaching or receding? Why?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

B. What is the speed of the ambulance?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

VI. Reflection:

Complete the statements below.

I learned that…
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

I don’t understand…
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

I need more information about…

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

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Activity Key Answers
v + vl 343m/s + 0m/s
1.A. f ‘ = f s ( ) = 1500Hz( ) = 1597.83Hz
v − vs 343m/s − 21m/s
v 343m/s
1.B. λ = = = 0.21m
f 1597.83Hz
v − vl 343m/s − 0m/s
1.C. f ‘ = f s ( ) = 1500Hz( ) = 1413.46 Hz
v + vs 343m/s + 21m/s
v 343m/s
1.D. λ = = = 0.24m
f 1413.46 Hz
2. The higher the frequency of the wave, the shorter its wavelength.
3.A. fs = 430 Hz
270km 1000m 1hr
3.B. Convert the train speed to m/s: ( )( )( )= 75m/s
1hr 1km 3600s
v + vl 343m/s + 0m/s
f ‘ = f s( ) = 430Hz( ) = 550.34 Hz
v − vs 343m/s − 75m/s
v + vl 343m/s + 75m/s
3.C. f ‘ = f s ( ) = 430Hz( ) = 670.67 Hz
v − vs 343m/s − 75m/s
4.A. Approaching, because the apparent frequency is higher than the original sound.
343m/s + 0m/s
4.B. 1270Hz = 900Hz( )
343m/s − X
343 ሺ900ሻ
X =-( ) – 343 = 99.93Hz
1270
VII. Answer Key