I

nfor
mat
ionSy
stemsf
orManager
s

December2021Exami
nat
ion

1.Sut
harTi
mberMer
chant
sinPat
ial
a,I
ndi
a,f
eat
uresal
argesel
ect
ionofbui
ldi
ng
suppl
ies,i
ncl
udi
ngt
imber
,fenci
nganddecki
ng,mol
dings,har
dwoodf
loor
ing,sheet
mat
eri
als,wi
ndows,door
s,i
ronmonger
y,andot
hermat
eri
als.Thepr
icesofbui
ldi
ng
mat
eri
alsar
econst
ant
lychangi
ng.Whenacust
omerasksaboutt
hepr
iceonf
ixt
ures,
f
it
ti
ngs,
hangi
ngs,
andot
heri
tems,
sal
esr
epr
esent
ati
vesconsul
tamanualpr
icesheet
andt
hencal
lthesuppl
ierf
ort
hemostr
ecentpr
ice.Thesuppl
ieri
ntur
nusesamanual
pr
icesheet
,whi
chhasbeenupdat
edeachday
.Of
ten,t
hesuppl
iermustcal
lback
Sut
har
's sal
es r
eps because t
he company does nothav
ethe newestpr
ici
ng
i
nfor
mat
ioni
mmedi
atel
yonhand.Assesshowt
heuseofERPsy
stems/sof
twar
ecan
hel
pthebusi
nessi
mpr
ovet
hei
rsi
tuat
ion.I
dent
if
ytheconsofi
mpl
ement
ingt
heERP
sol
uti
on/sof
twar
esol
uti
onf
orSut
harTi
mberMer
chant
sdot
oav
oidaf
ail
urei
nthe
i
mpl
ement
ati
on.(
10Mar
ks)

I
ntr
oduct
ion
Under
taki
ngr
esour
ceor
chest
rat
ing(
ERP)i
sacy
cleusedbyassoci
ati
onst
oregul
ate
andf
uset
hecr
it
icalbi
tsoft
hei
rassoci
ati
ons.Var
iousERPpr
ogr
ammi
ngappl
i
cat
ions
ar
ebasi
ctoassoci
ati
onssi
ncet
heyhel
pthem wi
thexecut
ingr
esour
ceor
chest
rat
ingby
j
oini
ngal
loft
hecy
clesexpect
edt
orunt
hei
rassoci
ati
onswi
thasi
ngl
esy
stem.AnERP
pr
ogr
ammi
ngsy
stem cani
nli
kemannerconsol
i
dat
eor
gani
zi
ng,pur
chasi
ngi
nvent
ory
,
bar
gai
ns,
promot
ing,
money
,HR,
andmor
e.

• ERP pr
ogr
ammi
ngcanf
aci
l
itat
eev
eryoneoft
hecy
clesexpect
edt
orunan
associ
ati
on.

• ERPpl
anshav
epr
ogr
essedal
lthr
ought
hel
onghaul
,andmanyar
eatpr
esent
or
dinar
il
yel
ect
roni
cappl
i
cat
ionst
hatcust
omer
scangett
ofr
om agoodway
s.
• Some benef
it
s ofERP j
oint
he f
ree mov
ementofcommuni
cat
ion bet
ween
busi
ness ar
eas,a l
one wel
l
spr
ing ofi
nfor
mat
ion,and accur
ate,r
eal
-t
ime dat
a
enumer
ati
ng.

• AnERPsy
stem canbei
nsuf
fi
cienti
fanassoci
ati
ondoesn'
texecut
eitwar
il
y.

Concept
sandappl
i
cat
ion

Associ
ati
onsuseadv
ent
urer
esour
ceor
gani
zi
ng(
ERP)f
orv
ari
ousr
easons,suchas
expandi
ng busi
ness,l
esseni
ng cost
s,and f
urt
hercr
eat
ing exer
cises.The benef
it
s
sear
chedf
orandr
eal
i
zedbyoneassoci
ati
onmaybenotexact
lyasol
das;i
nanycase,
t
her
ear
esomehuge.

Fusi
ngandmot
ori
zi
ngbusi
nesspr
ocesseski
l
lsr
edundanci
es,
fur
thercr
eat
espr
eci
sion,
andf
urt
hercr
eat
eshandi
ness.Di
vi
sionswi
thi
nter
connect
edcy
cleswoul
dnowhav
ethe
opt
iont
osy
nchr
oni
zewor
ktoachi
evespeedi
erandbet
terout
comes.

Acoupl
eofassoci
ati
onsadv
ant
agef
rom wor
kedonuncov
eri
ngofr
eal
-t
imedat
afr
om a
l
one sour
ce sy
stem.Car
efuland compl
ete enumer
ati
ng hel
p or
gani
zat
ions wi
th
accept
abl
ymast
ermi
ndi
ng,spendi
ngpl
an,check,andgi
vet
hest
ateofexer
cisest
othe
af
fi
li
ati
onandcont
ri
but
edpeopl
e,si
mil
art
ofi
nanci
albacker
s.

ERPsgr
antassoci
ati
onst
oqui
ckl
ygett
orequi
redi
nfor
mat
ionf
orcl
i
ent
s,deal
ers,and
par
tner
s,addi
ng t
o addi
ti
onalcr
eat
ed cust
omerand agentsat
isf
act
ion,qui
cker
r
esponser
ates,andexpandedpr
eci
sionr
ates.Rel
atedcost
sconsi
stent
lydecr
easeas
t
heassoci
ati
onwor
ksev
enmor
eadequat
ely
.

Wor
kpl
acesar
ebet
terpr
epar
edt
ocol
l
abor
ateandshar
edat
a;anasofl
atesy
ner
gized
wor
kfor
cecanaddi
ti
onal
l
yfost
erconv
eni
enceandspeci
ali
stsat
isf
act
ionasdel
egat
es
ar
ebet
terpr
epar
edt
oseehow ev
eryut
il
it
ari
anget
-t
oget
heraddst
othemi
ssi
onand
v
isi
onoft
heassoci
ati
on.Al
so,unassumi
ng,manualt
asksar
ecl
ear
edout
,al
l
owi
ng
del
egat
est
oadmi
nist
ert
hei
roppor
tuni
tyt
omor
ehugewor
k.

UncommonConsi
der
ati
ons

AnERPst
ruct
uredoesn'
tbyandl
argecr
ashdi
sappoi
ntment
sinsi
det
hebusi
ness.The
associ
ati
onneedst
oreconsi
dert
hewayi
nwhi
chi
t'
sor
gani
zed,or
,wi
thoutadoubti
t
wi
l
lendupwi
thi
ncongr
uousadv
ancement
.

ERP sy
stems gener
all
y di
sregar
dto achi
evet
he obj
ect
ions t
hataf
fect
ed t
hei
r
f
oundat
ionbecauseofanassoci
ati
on'
sav
ersi
ont
oabandonol
dwor
kingcy
clest
hatar
e
conf
li
cti
ngwi
tht
hei
tem.Acoupl
eofassoci
ati
onsar
efur
ther
mor
erel
uct
antt
ogi
veup
ol
dpr
ogr
ammi
ngt
hatwor
kedhonor
abl
ybef
orehand.Thekeyi
stot
hwar
tERPpr
oject
s
f
rom bei
ngsepar
atedi
ntov
ari
ousmor
ehumbl
eexer
cises,whi
chcanachi
evecost
ov
erpower
s.

I
npur
chasi
nganERPst
ruct
ure,v
enderbuy
ercour
sesofact
ioncoul
dbur
n-t
hrought
he
maj
ori
tyoft
heday
,dependentuponbusi
nesssi
zeandneeds.Her
e,wei
nspectt
he
par
tst
hatswayt
hel
astest
eemi
ngofERPpr
ogr
ammi
ng.

GadgetCust
omi
zat
ionandUser
s

Theamountofpeopl
ethatwi
l
luset
hest
ruct
ureandgadgetessent
ial
siscommonl
y
coor
dinat
edbybusi
nesssi
ze.Lesscust
omerl
i
censesar
eneededf
orl
i
ttl
etomedi
um-
si
ze associ
ati
ons who si
mil
arl
y cust
omar
il
y needn'
tmess wi
th excel
l
entqual
i
ty,
poi
ntl
essdev
icest
hatgowi
thunder
taki
nggr
adeERPpl
ans.Cust
omi
zat
ioni
sknownt
o
f
abr
icat
etheexpenseofanERPgadget
,expr
essl
yfort
hepeopl
ewhohav
eex
pli
cit
cy
cles.

Associ
ati
on
Ther
ear
etwosor
tsofERPpr
ogr
ammi
ngcour
seofact
ionmodel
s–on-
reasonandcl
oud
-
based.Not
wit
hst
andi
ngt
hewayt
hatcl
oud-
basedsy
stemsar
eknownatt
hei
rlow
expenses,
enr
oll
mentchar
gesf
orsuchi
nst
rument
scanaugmentbyupt
o30%i
nay
ear
appear
eddi
ff
erent
lyi
nrel
ati
ont
othei
ronpr
emi
seaccompl
i
ces,whi
char
eint
roduced
onaone-
ti
mepor
ti
onj
ust
if
icat
ionbehi
ndaceasel
essl
i
cense.Fur
ther
mor
e,ext
racost
s
coul
dcomeasupkeepandsponsor
shi
p,dependentupont
hedeal
er.

Associ
ati
onBudget

Forcol
ossalaf
fi
li
ati
ons,pl
aci
ngasset
sint
o anERP pl
ancanbeanunmi
stakabl
e
deci
sion,count
lesswhom hav
ecomet
oreal
i
zet
hej
ust
if
icat
ionf
orwhyERPwr
it
ing
comput
erpr
ogr
amsi
susef
ult
othei
rbusi
ness,andar
e,t
husl
y,i
ncl
i
nedt
opl
aceasset
s
i
ntoon-
premi
sedev
ices.Andt
hisi
sn'
tcor
rectwi
thl
i
ttl
etomedi
um-
sizeassoci
ati
ons,
whoar
eknownt
oleant
owar
dcl
oud-
basedcour
sesofact
ioni
nfer
abl
efr
om t
hei
r
conser
vat
ive est
eemi
ng.Thi
sis mor
eov
ert
he suppor
tforwhy v
endor
s ofsuch
st
ruct
uresof
ferf
eroci
ousest
eemi
ng,besi
det
hewayt
hatenr
oll
mentl
i
censesar
e
consi
stent
lyaddi
ngt
oassoci
ati
onov
erheads.

CostofI
mpl
ement
ati
on

A compar
abl
ycr
it
icalf
act
ort
oconsi
deri
sthecostofcompl
eti
nganERP sy
stem.
Execut
ion f
uses pr
ocesses l
i
ke assi
gnmentor
gani
zi
ng and af
fi
li
ati
on,f
oundat
ion,
get
ti
ng r
eady
,and sy
stem pl
an,among ot
her
s.Dependentupon y
ourshi
pperor
cust
omi
zat
ionneeds,
execut
ioncost
smaymov
e.I
nanycase,
thesemaybel
essenedi
n
t
heev
entt
haty
ousel
ectt
ouseapi
eceofy
ourI
Tpeopl
etohel
pint
heexecut
ioncy
cle.

Upkeep

Thi
sisexpr
essl
yfort
hepeopl
ewhoar
emeani
ngt
opl
aceasset
sint
oanon-
premi
se
ERP game pl
an,whi
ch r
equi
res common upkeep.These cost
sjoi
nfr
amewor
ks
or
gani
zat
ionchar
ges,
ITst
affexpenses,
andaddi
ti
onal
har
dwar
e.
Pl
anni
ng

Anybusi
nessusi
nganERPsy
stem cur
iousl
yshoul
dhav
ethei
rst
affar
rangedi
nusi
ng
t
hest
ruct
ure,andsuchmaysav
eti
mewi
thanassumpt
iont
oingestdat
aandal
l
.
Pl
anni
ngcost
sdon'
tsi
mpl
yincor
por
ateone-
ti
mepor
ti
ons,
fort
hemostpar
t,cont
inui
ng
t
ogetr
eadyi
sexpect
edt
oensur
erealuseofast
ruct
ure.I
nanycase,
var
iousshi
pper
s
of
ferget
ti
ngr
eadyr
esour
cest
onoendt
ohel
pcust
omer
swi
thaddi
ti
onalf
ost
eri
ngt
hei
r
ERPcapaci
ti
es.

Concl
usi
on

Cr
eat
ingassoci
ati
onsf
inal
l
yshowupatapoi
ntwher
eaccount
ingpagesasofnownot
cuti
t.Thati
swher
eunder
taki
ngr
esour
cemast
ermi
ndi
ngpr
ogr
ammi
ngcomesi
n:ERP
st
ruct
uresaccumul
ateandor
gani
zekeybusi
nessi
nfor
mat
ionandhel
prel
ati
onshi
pwi
th
r
unni
ngl
ean,
capabl
eer
rands,
evenast
heyexpand.

Mostbusi
nessspeci
ali
stshav
ehear
dthear
ti
cul
ati
on"
ERP,
"butt
heymaynotknow
exact
lyhowadv
ent
urer
esour
ceor
chest
rat
ingpr
ogr
ammi
ngcanhel
pthei
rgat
her
ings.

2.I
ndi
vi
dual
snow hav
eunl
imi
tedaccesst
oheal
thi
nfor
mat
ionand,asar
esul
t,t
hey
hav
ebecomeact
ivel
yinv
olv
edi
nimpr
ovi
ngt
hei
rheal
th.Ther
ear
enow cl
oset
o
700,
000heal
thappst
hatmoni
torav
ari
etyofheal
thdat
a-hear
trat
e,bl
oodpr
essur
e,
sl
eeppat
ter
ns,cal
ori
esi
ntake,phy
sicalact
ivi
ty,bl
oodgl
ucose,chol
est
eroll
evel
s,and
sev
eralot
herpar
amet
ers.Thi
ssel
f-
moni
tor
ingi
nfor
mat
ioni
ssett
oincr
ease,
getmor
e
accur
ate,and t
ransf
orm how heal
thcar
e wi
llbe del
iv
ered t
othe peopl
e.Cl
oud
comput
ing comes t
othe f
oref
ronther
e as i
thel
ps wi
th st
orage ofpr
ivat
e and
conf
ident
ialpat
ientdat
a.I
tenabl
esheal
thcar
epr
ofessi
onal
sandci
ti
zens/
pat
ient
sto
accesst
hei
rdat
aatanyt
imeandpl
ace.Heal
thor
gani
zat
ionsusecl
oudcomput
ingt
o
r
educe cost
s,si
mpl
if
ymanagement
,and i
mpr
oveser
vicesi
n a saf
e and secur
e
manner
.Cl
ini
cianscanbemor
efl
exi
blei
nthei
rwor
kast
heyar
enotconf
inedt
othei
r
of
fi
cet
oaccesspat
ient
s'heal
thr
ecor
ds.Heal
thcar
epr
ofessi
onal
scanal
soexchange
i
nfor
mat
ionaboutapat
ientwi
tht
hei
rcol
leaguesatot
herl
ocat
ionst
oinf
orm or
negot
iat
eaboutpossi
blemedi
calopt
ions.Cl
oudser
vicesav
ail
abl
etoheal
thandl
if
e
sci
enceor
gani
zat
ionst
odayext
endwel
lbey
ondemai
landcommuni
cat
ions,
meet
ings
andcol
labor
ati
on.Hospi
tal
sandphy
sici
ansar
est
art
ingt
oseecl
oud-
basedmedi
cal
r
ecor
ds and medi
cali
mage ar
chi
vi
ng ser
vices.The obj
ect
ivei
sto of
fl
oad a
bur
densome t
ask f
rom hospi
talI
T depar
tment
s and al
low t
hem t
ofocus on
suppor
ti
ngot
heri
mper
ati
vessuchasEMRadopt
ionandi
mpr
ovedcl
ini
calsuppor
t
sy
stems.Whatar
etheadv
ant
agesofadopt
ingcl
oudcomput
ingi
nhospi
tal
s?Can
i
ntr
oduci
ngmobi
ledev
icesf
ordoct
orsi
nhospi
tal
shel
p?I
fso,
how?(
10Mar
ks)

Ans2.

I
ntr
oduct
ion
Theappl
i
cat
ionofcl
oudcomput
ingi
ncl
i
nicalbenef
it
shasbeengai
ningahugel
oadof
bal
ancel
atel
y.Whet
herornoti
t'
sapi
eceoft
heaf
fi
li
ati
on'
sfundament
alv
isi
onof
accept
ing mechani
zed change ora cr
ushi
ng need as a r
esul
toft
he dev
elopi
ng
env
ironment
.Nev
ert
hel
ess,atwhat
everpoi
ntappl
i
ed pr
eci
sel
y,t
hewor
kofcl
oud
comput
ingi
nthecl
i
nical
benef
it
sof
fi
cecanbeent
ir
elyper
cept
ibl
e.

Cl
oudcomput
ingpr
opel
sar
eont
her
isi
ngi
nthecl
i
nicalconsi
der
ati
oni
ndust
ry.Despi
te
t
hewayt
hatt
hei
rgat
her
ingi
shel
dsomewher
ear
oundr
egul
ator
ydr
ivesandsecur
it
y
concer
ns,t
hecl
oudcomput
ingmar
keti
ncl
i
nicalconsi
der
ati
oni
sdependedupont
o
cr
eat
eto$5.
4bi
l
li
onby2017.Thi
sist
heconcl
usi
onoft
he"
Cli
nicalconsi
der
ati
onCl
oud
Comput
ing (
Cli
nical
,EMR,SaaS,Pr
ivat
e,Publ
i
c,Hy
bri
d)Mar
ket– Gl
obalTr
ends,
Chal
l
enges,Oppor
tuni
ti
esandFor
ecast
s(2012–2017)di
ssemi
nat
edbyr
esear
chf
ir
m
Mar
ket
sandMar
ket
s.

Thecl
i
nical
benef
it
senv
ironmenti
schangi
ngf
ast
ert
hananyt
imei
nongoi
ngmemor
yin
l
i
ghtoft
hedemandofpassi
ngonbet
tercl
i
nicaladv
ant
agesf
orl
essmoney
,and
expandedear
nest
lybet
weencl
i
nicalbenef
it
sor
gani
zat
ionspr
ovi
der
s.Cr
isi
sfaci
l
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es,
r
esear
chf
ocuses,pr
ivat
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i
nicalbenef
it
sassoci
ati
onsandexper
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elooki
ngf
or
deal
swi
thanyconsequencesr
egar
dingaugment
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onst
epbyst
epact
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ti
es,v
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l
ity
anddecr
easet
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rspendi
ng.

Cl
oudcomput
ingadv
ancement
s,atwhat
everpoi
ntcompl
etedandusedappr
opr
iat
ely
,
hav
ear
esponset
othi
sheapofr
equi
rement
s.Thusl
y,cl
oudcomput
ingpr
ovi
desf
ort
he
cl
i
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der
ati
onenv
ironmentt
heoppor
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tyt
oaddi
ti
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yfost
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f
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ient
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l
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einf
ormat
ion,t
ochi
pawayatut
il
it
ari
anadequacy
,andt
o
st
reaml
i
necost
s.

Concept
sandappl
i
cat
ion

Cl
oudcomput
ingt
omakecl
i
nical
consi
der
ati
onmor
ewi
se

Li
kewi
thv
ari
ousot
her
s,t
heappl
i
cat
ionofcl
oudcomput
ingi
ncl
i
nicalbenef
it
sisdr
ivi
ng
aposi
ti
vechangei
ndi
ff
erentway
s.Whet
herornoti
t'
stodecr
easecost
sandt
ohav
e
t
hechoi
cet
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nonessent
ialact
ivi
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esbychoosi
ngof
f-
premi
sesest
abl
i
shmentor
t
oexpl
oitast
oundi
ngl
yver
sat
il
eandf
lexi
bleor
gani
zat
ionsbyusi
ngcl
oudamassi
ngand
comput
ingcapaci
ti
es.

5Adv
ant
agesofcl
oudcomput
ingi
ncl
i
nical
benef
it
sandcent
ers

• I
t'
sasmar
tresponsef
ort
aki
ngcar
eofcol
ossal
vol
umesofdat
a

Thev
olumesofcut
ti
ng edgedat
athatcl
i
nicalbenef
it
spr
ovi
der
sar
emaki
ng ar
e
f
ost
eri
ngeachy
ear
.Thesef
useEl
ect
roni
cMedi
calRecor
ds,l
abt
est
s,cur
es,i
nsur
ance
cl
aims.Cl
oud comput
ing or
gani
zat
ionscanhel
p sui
tabl
ymanaget
heseenor
mous
v
olumesofdat
a.I
nthi
smodel
,si
ngl
i
ngoutpr
emi
seamassi
ng,mostl
i
kel
ywi
l
lnotbea
soundpl
an.I
trequi
ressat
isf
act
oryi
nter
est
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Tsy
stem ast
hedat
aloadi
ncr
eases.
Whi
l
ecl
oudcomput
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vesgr
eat
erl
i
mitasy
ourdat
aincr
ease.Al
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it
ical
,cl
oud-
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ntel
l
igentgadget
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egoodf
orusi
ngdat
aandchangei
tint
oessent
ialpi
ecesof
i
nfor
mat
ion.
• I
tpassesont
ime-
fundament
alcl
i
nical
adv
ant
agesaccessi
blespeedi
er

2020hasbeenanout
standi
ngy
eari
nmanyr
espect
s.Ti
mewasaf
undament
alf
act
ori
n
connect
ing wi
tht
he pandemi
c and bui
l
ding new cr
isi
s cent
ers,passi
ng on t
he
v
acci
nat
ion accessi
ble,orpl
anni
ng an ensur
ed st
rat
egy f
ormass t
est
ing.Cl
oud
comput
ingi
ssomet
hingt
ober
eli
edupont
owor
kwi
thpassi
ngoncr
it
icalt
echcour
ses
ofact
ionaccessi
blef
ast
er.Fori
nst
ance,WhenSpoedt
est
cor
ona,achai
noft
est
ing
cent
ersof
fer
ingqui
ckassessi
ngt
est
sforCov
id-
19,
waswor
kingongi
vi
ngensur
edand
sensi
blet
est
ingi
ntheNet
her
landsandBel
gium,t
heywer
est
oodupt
owi
that
estt
o
passonacr
oss-
stagewebappl
i
cat
iononat
ightpl
an.Theappl
i
cat
ionwant
edt
orest
ri
ct
humanpar
ti
cipat
ionandmaket
est
ingokayf
ort
het
wopat
ient
sandcl
i
nicalst
aff
.By
pi
cki
ngAmazonWebAppl
i
cat
ionor
gani
zat
ions,t
her
ehadt
hechoi
cet
opassont
he
appl
i
cat
ion i
nthe r
ecor
d 2-
week cut
offt
ime,si
mil
arl
yas meethi
gh consi
stence
r
equi
rement
srel
atedwi
thhandl
i
ngper
sonal
andcl
i
nical
dat
a.

• I
tmakescl
i
nical
adv
ant
agescompr
ehensi
vel
yaccessi
blet
hrought
eleheal
th

Tel
eheal
thi
stheuseoft
elecommuni
cat
ionsadv
ancest
ogett
ocl
i
nicalconsi
der
ati
on
benef
it
sfr
om agoodway
s,r
edesi
gnandadmi
nist
ercl
i
nicalconsi
der
ati
onmov
ement
andsuppor
t.

Cl
oud comput
ing cour
ses of act
ion hav
e di
ff
erentt
echni
ques f
oremphat
ical
l
y
i
nfl
uenci
ngt
eleheal
th.Thei
nst
ant
lyv
ersat
il
ecapaci
ti
esoft
hecl
oudendupbei
ng
v
aluabl
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kabl
econdi
ti
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ori
nst
ance,sayanov
eral
lpandemi
c.Ev
ent
ual
l
y,
cl
oud-
basedt
eleheal
thi
sexpect
ingasi
gni
fi
cantpar
tinendeav
ori
ngt
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eent
he
pat
ientwei
ghtbyexhi
bit
ingcl
i
nicalassi
stancet
opat
ient
swi
thdel
i
cat
eormedi
um
appear
ancesadi
stanceaway
,asopposedt
ocr
isi
sfaci
l
iti
es.Andconsequent
ly,bef
ore
l
ongr
educi
ngswar
msi
ncl
i
nical
faci
l
iti
esandi
l
lnessr
ates.

• I
tredesi
gnst
hepat
ientexper
ience
Wi
tht
hehel
pofcl
oudcomput
ing,t
rai
nedpr
ofessi
onal
sandf
aci
l
iti
esr
ightnow can
expandpat
ientr
esponsi
bil
i
tyandgi
vet
hem wher
everatwhat
everpoi
nti
nduct
iont
o
t
hei
rcl
i
nicaldat
a,t
estr
esul
ts,andev
enexper
t'
snot
es.Thi
sgi
vespat
ient
smor
epower
andcont
rol
,si
mil
arl
yasmakest
hem mor
eeducat
edwi
thr
egar
dst
othei
rinf
ir
mit
ies.

Addi
ti
onal
l
y,i
tof
fer
sonemor
elev
elofsaf
etyf
orpat
ient
sandkeepst
hem awayf
rom
bei
ngov
erpr
escr
ibedorav
oidunnecessar
ytest
ing,asexper
tscangett
otheaut
hent
ic
scener
yofcl
i
nical
recor
ds.

• I
tfur
thercr
eat
esj
ointexer
ti
on

Andf
inal
l
y,t
heexecut
ionofcl
oudcour
sesofact
ionsuf
fi
cient
lysuppor
tcomposed
exer
ti
on.Byt
aki
ngcar
eofEl
ect
roni
cMedi
calRecor
dsi
nthecl
oud,pat
ient
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tmusthav
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atecl
i
nicalr
ecor
dsatev
eryexper
ttheyv
isi
t.Taki
ngev
ery
thi
ng
i
ntoaccount
,exper
tscanshar
einf
ormat
ion,
seet
hedel
ayedconsequencesofpastj
oint
ef
for
tswi
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ari
ouspr
epar
edex
per
tsandconsi
der
abl
yof
feri
nfor
mat
ionwi
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ot
her
.Thi
snotsi
mpl
ysav
est
imef
ort
het
wopat
ient
sandt
hei
ressent
ialconsi
der
ati
on
doct
orsy
etwhat
'smor
ewor
kswi
thmor
ecar
eful
findi
ngandt
reat
ment
.

Benef
it
soff
lexi
bleadv
ancement

1.Gi
vespat
ient
sspeedi
erper
missi
ont
opr
ovi
der
sandcar
e.

2.Fur
thercr
eat
esr
emedyadher
ence.

3.Makesf
arawayunder
standi
ngact
ual
l
ylooki
ngatpossi
bleandbasi
c.

4.Expandssol
uti
oncompr
omi
seaccur
acy
,whi
chchi
psawayatl
eni
entpr
osper
it
y.

5.Fur
thercr
eat
espr
ovi
dercommuni
cat
ionandcoor
dinat
ion.
Concl
usi
on

Theappl
i
cat
ionofcl
oudcomput
ingi
ncl
i
nicalbenef
it
scandet
ermi
nedl
yinf
luencet
he
busi
nessi
ndi
ff
erentway
s.Fr
om decr
easi
ngdowncost
sorr
educi
ngt
het
imespentt
o
of
fer
ing af
fi
li
ati
onsmuch-
requi
red f
lexi
bil
i
ty,adapt
abi
l
ity
,and dr
awi
ng i
nfaci
l
itat
ed
exer
ti
onbet
weencl
i
nicalbenef
it
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ectmat
terexper
ts.Thel
atestr
epor
tsont
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subj
ectshowt
hataccept
ingcl
oudpl
ansi
ssomet
hingobv
iousl
yont
het
abl
eforcl
i
nical
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elat
ionshi
p wi
th t
he essent
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acl
es bei
ng ei
ther secur
it
y concer
ns or
nonat
tendanceofi
nsi
depar
ti
cul
arr
esour
ces.Thet
wo i
ssuescanbesuccessf
ull
y
ov
erpower
edbypi
cki
ngt
her
ightcl
oudi
mpr
ovementassoci
ates.Theappl
i
cat
ionof
cl
oudcomput
ingi
ncl
i
nicalbenef
it
shasbeengai
ningahugel
oadofbal
ancel
atel
y.
Whet
herornoti
t'
s a pi
ece oft
he af
fi
li
ati
on'
sfundament
alv
isi
on ofaccept
ing
mechani
zedchangeoracr
ushi
ngneedasar
esul
toft
hedev
elopi
ngenv
ironment
.
Nev
ert
hel
ess,atwhat
everpoi
ntappl
i
edpr
eci
sel
y,t
hewor
kofcl
oudcomput
ingi
nthe
cl
i
nical
benef
it
sof
fi
cecanbeent
ir
elyper
cept
ibl
e.

Cl
oudcomput
ingpr
opel
sar
eont
her
isi
ngi
nthecl
i
nicalconsi
der
ati
oni
ndust
ry.Despi
te
t
hewayt
hatt
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rgat
her
ingi
shel
dsomewher
ear
oundr
egul
ator
ydr
ivesandsecur
it
y
concer
ns,t
hecl
oudcomput
ingmar
keti
ncl
i
nicalconsi
der
ati
oni
sdependedupont
o
cr
eat
eto$5.
4bi
l
li
onby2017.Thi
sist
heconcl
usi
onoft
he"
Cli
nicalconsi
der
ati
onCl
oud
Comput
ing (
Cli
nical
,EMR,SaaS,Pr
ivat
e,Publ
i
c,Hy
bri
d)Mar
ket– Gl
obalTr
ends,
Chal
l
enges,Oppor
tuni
ti
esandFor
ecast
s(2012–2017)di
ssemi
nat
edbyr
esear
chf
ir
m
Mar
ket
sandMar
ket
s.

Thecl
i
nical
benef
it
senv
ironmenti
schangi
ngf
ast
ert
hananyt
imei
nongoi
ngmemor
yin
l
i
ghtoft
hedemandofpassi
ngonbet
tercl
i
nicaladv
ant
agesf
orl
essmoney
,and
expandedear
nest
lybet
weencl
i
nicalbenef
it
sor
gani
zat
ionspr
ovi
der
s.Cr
isi
sfaci
l
iti
es,
r
esear
chf
ocuses,pr
ivat
ecl
i
nicalbenef
it
sassoci
ati
onsandexper
tsar
elooki
ngf
or
deal
swi
thanyconsequencesr
egar
dingaugment
ati
onst
epbyst
epact
ivi
ti
es,v
iabi
l
ity
anddecr
easet
hei
rspendi
ng.
Cl
oudcomput
ingadv
ancement
s,atwhat
everpoi
ntcompl
etedandusedappr
opr
iat
ely
,
hav
ear
esponset
othi
sheapofr
equi
rement
s.Thusl
y,cl
oudcomput
ingpr
ovi
desf
ort
he
cl
i
nicalconsi
der
ati
onenv
ironmentt
heoppor
tuni
tyt
oaddi
ti
onal
l
yfost
eror
gani
zat
ions
f
orpat
ient
s,t
ohandi
l
yshar
einf
ormat
ion,t
ochi
pawayatut
il
it
ari
anadequacy
,andt
o
st
reaml
i
necost
s.

Concept
sandappl
i
cat
ion

Cl
oudcomput
ingt
omakecl
i
nical
consi
der
ati
onmor
ewi
se

Li
kewi
thv
ari
ousot
her
s,t
heappl
i
cat
ionofcl
oudcomput
ingi
ncl
i
nicalbenef
it
sisdr
ivi
ng
aposi
ti
vechangei
ndi
ff
erentway
s.Whet
herornoti
t'
stodecr
easecost
sandt
ohav
e
t
hechoi
cet
ofocusi
nonessent
ialact
ivi
ti
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ngof
f-
premi
sesest
abl
i
shmentor
t
oexpl
oitast
oundi
ngl
yver
sat
il
eandf
lexi
bleor
gani
zat
ionsbyusi
ngcl
oudamassi
ngand
comput
ingcapaci
ti
es.

5Adv
ant
agesofcl
oudcomput
ingi
ncl
i
nical
benef
it
sandcent
ers

• I
t'
sasmar
tresponsef
ort
aki
ngcar
eofcol
ossal
vol
umesofdat
a

Thev
olumesofcut
ti
ng edgedat
athatcl
i
nicalbenef
it
spr
ovi
der
sar
emaki
ng ar
e
f
ost
eri
ngeachy
ear
.Thesef
useEl
ect
roni
cMedi
calRecor
ds,l
abt
est
s,cur
es,i
nsur
ance
cl
aims.Cl
oud comput
ing or
gani
zat
ionscanhel
p sui
tabl
ymanaget
heseenor
mous
v
olumesofdat
a.I
nthi
smodel
,si
ngl
i
ngoutpr
emi
seamassi
ng,mostl
i
kel
ywi
l
lnotbea
soundpl
an.I
trequi
ressat
isf
act
oryi
nter
est
sinI
Tsy
stem ast
hedat
aloadi
ncr
eases.
Whi
l
ecl
oudcomput
inggi
vesgr
eat
erl
i
mitasy
ourdat
aincr
ease.Al
socr
it
ical
,cl
oud-
basedi
ntel
l
igentgadget
sar
egoodf
orusi
ngdat
aandchangei
tint
oessent
ialpi
ecesof
i
nfor
mat
ion.

• I
tpassesont
ime-
fundament
alcl
i
nical
adv
ant
agesaccessi
blespeedi
er
2020hasbeenanout
standi
ngy
eari
nmanyr
espect
s.Ti
mewasaf
undament
alf
act
ori
n
connect
ing wi
tht
he pandemi
c and bui
l
ding new cr
isi
s cent
ers,passi
ng on t
he
v
acci
nat
ion accessi
ble,orpl
anni
ng an ensur
ed st
rat
egy f
ormass t
est
ing.Cl
oud
comput
ingi
ssomet
hingt
ober
eli
edupont
owor
kwi
thpassi
ngoncr
it
icalt
echcour
ses
ofact
ionaccessi
blef
ast
er.Fori
nst
ance,WhenSpoedt
est
cor
ona,achai
noft
est
ing
cent
ersof
fer
ingqui
ckassessi
ngt
est
sforCov
id-
19,
waswor
kingongi
vi
ngensur
edand
sensi
blet
est
ingi
ntheNet
her
landsandBel
gium,t
heywer
est
oodupt
owi
that
estt
o
passonacr
oss-
stagewebappl
i
cat
iononat
ightpl
an.Theappl
i
cat
ionwant
edt
orest
ri
ct
humanpar
ti
cipat
ionandmaket
est
ingokayf
ort
het
wopat
ient
sandcl
i
nicalst
aff
.By
pi
cki
ngAmazonWebAppl
i
cat
ionor
gani
zat
ions,t
her
ehadt
hechoi
cet
opassont
he
appl
i
cat
ion i
nthe r
ecor
d 2-
week cut
offt
ime,si
mil
arl
yas meethi
gh consi
stence
r
equi
rement
srel
atedwi
thhandl
i
ngper
sonal
andcl
i
nical
dat
a.

• I
tmakescl
i
nical
adv
ant
agescompr
ehensi
vel
yaccessi
blet
hrought
eleheal
th

Tel
eheal
thi
stheuseoft
elecommuni
cat
ionsadv
ancest
ogett
ocl
i
nicalconsi
der
ati
on
benef
it
sfr
om agoodway
s,r
edesi
gnandadmi
nist
ercl
i
nicalconsi
der
ati
onmov
ement
andsuppor
t.

Cl
oud comput
ing cour
ses of act
ion hav
e di
ff
erentt
echni
ques f
oremphat
ical
l
y
i
nfl
uenci
ngt
eleheal
th.Thei
nst
ant
lyv
ersat
il
ecapaci
ti
esoft
hecl
oudendupbei
ng
v
aluabl
einr
emar
kabl
econdi
ti
ons,f
ori
nst
ance,sayanov
eral
lpandemi
c.Ev
ent
ual
l
y,
cl
oud-
basedt
eleheal
thi
sexpect
ingasi
gni
fi
cantpar
tinendeav
ori
ngt
oscr
eent
he
pat
ientwei
ghtbyexhi
bit
ingcl
i
nicalassi
stancet
opat
ient
swi
thdel
i
cat
eormedi
um
appear
ancesadi
stanceaway
,asopposedt
ocr
isi
sfaci
l
iti
es.Andconsequent
ly,bef
ore
l
ongr
educi
ngswar
msi
ncl
i
nical
faci
l
iti
esandi
l
lnessr
ates.

• I
tredesi
gnst
hepat
ientexper
ience

Wi
tht
hehel
pofcl
oudcomput
ing,t
rai
nedpr
ofessi
onal
sandf
aci
l
iti
esr
ightnow can
expandpat
ientr
esponsi
bil
i
tyandgi
vet
hem wher
everatwhat
everpoi
nti
nduct
iont
o
t
hei
rcl
i
nicaldat
a,t
estr
esul
ts,andev
enexper
t'
snot
es.Thi
sgi
vespat
ient
smor
epower
andcont
rol
,si
mil
arl
yasmakest
hem mor
eeducat
edwi
thr
egar
dst
othei
rinf
ir
mit
ies.

Addi
ti
onal
l
y,i
tof
fer
sonemor
elev
elofsaf
etyf
orpat
ient
sandkeepst
hem awayf
rom
bei
ngov
erpr
escr
ibedorav
oidunnecessar
ytest
ing,asexper
tscangett
otheaut
hent
ic
scener
yofcl
i
nical
recor
ds.

• I
tfur
thercr
eat
esj
ointexer
ti
on

Andf
inal
l
y,t
heexecut
ionofcl
oudcour
sesofact
ionsuf
fi
cient
lysuppor
tcomposed
exer
ti
on.Byt
aki
ngcar
eofEl
ect
roni
cMedi
calRecor
dsi
nthecl
oud,pat
ient
sasofnow
don'
tmusthav
esepar
atecl
i
nicalr
ecor
dsatev
eryexper
ttheyv
isi
t.Taki
ngev
ery
thi
ng
i
ntoaccount
,exper
tscanshar
einf
ormat
ion,
seet
hedel
ayedconsequencesofpastj
oint
ef
for
tswi
thv
ari
ouspr
epar
edex
per
tsandconsi
der
abl
yof
feri
nfor
mat
ionwi
theach
ot
her
.Thi
snotsi
mpl
ysav
est
imef
ort
het
wopat
ient
sandt
hei
ressent
ialconsi
der
ati
on
doct
orsy
etwhat
'smor
ewor
kswi
thmor
ecar
eful
findi
ngandt
reat
ment
.

Benef
it
soff
lexi
bleadv
ancement

1.Gi
vespat
ient
sspeedi
erper
missi
ont
opr
ovi
der
sandcar
e.

2.Fur
thercr
eat
esr
emedyadher
ence.

3.Makesf
arawayunder
standi
ngact
ual
l
ylooki
ngatpossi
bleandbasi
c.

4.Expandssol
uti
oncompr
omi
seaccur
acy
,whi
chchi
psawayatl
eni
entpr
osper
it
y.

5.Fur
thercr
eat
espr
ovi
dercommuni
cat
ionandcoor
dinat
ion.

Concl
usi
on
Theappl
i
cat
ionofcl
oudcomput
ingi
ncl
i
nicalbenef
it
scandet
ermi
nedl
yinf
luencet
he
busi
nessi
ndi
ff
erentway
s.Fr
om decr
easi
ngdowncost
sorr
educi
ngt
het
imespentt
o
of
fer
ing af
fi
li
ati
onsmuch-
requi
red f
lexi
bil
i
ty,adapt
abi
l
ity
,and dr
awi
ng i
nfaci
l
itat
ed
exer
ti
onbet
weencl
i
nicalbenef
it
ssubj
ectmat
terexper
ts.Thel
atestr
epor
tsont
he
subj
ectshowt
hataccept
ingcl
oudpl
ansi
ssomet
hingobv
iousl
yont
het
abl
eforcl
i
nical
r
elat
ionshi
p wi
th t
he essent
ial obst
acl
es bei
ng ei
ther secur
it
y concer
ns or
nonat
tendanceofi
nsi
depar
ti
cul
arr
esour
ces.Thet
wo i
ssuescanbesuccessf
ull
y
ov
erpower
edbypi
cki
ngt
her
ightcl
oudi
mpr
ovementassoci
ates.

3.Theconceptoft
he"
smar
tci
ty"hasr
ecent
lybeeni
ntr
oducedasast
rat
egi
cdev
ice
t
oencompassmoder
nur
banpr
oduct
ionf
act
orsi
nacommonf
ramewor
kand,i
n
par
ti
cul
ar,t
o hi
ghl
ight t
he i
mpor
tance of I
nfor
mat
ion and Communi
cat
ion
Technol
ogi
es(
ICTs)i
nthel
ast20y
ear
sforenhanci
ngt
hecompet
it
ivepr
ofi
leofaci
ty.
Thedemandf
orsmar
tci
ti
eshasi
ncr
easedi
nrecenty
ear
s.

a.I
nor
dert
omeett
hedemandofasmar
tci
typr
ojecti
nacount
ryl
ikeI
ndi
a,wi
tht
he
hel
pofanysmar
tci
typr
oject
,descr
ibesomeoft
hekeyel
ement
sforsuchsmar
tci
ti
es.
(
5Mar
ks)

Ans3a.

I
ntr
oduct
ion
Smar
tci
tyi
nnov
ati
onper
mit
sci
tyaut
hor
it
iest
oconnectst
rai
ght
for
war
dlywi
thbot
h
l
ocalar
eaandci
tyf
oundat
ionandt
oscr
eenwhat
'sgoi
ngoni
ntheci
tyandhowt
heci
ty
i
s dev
elopi
ng.I
CT i
s ut
il
ized t
o upgr
ade qual
i
ty,execut
ion and i
ntui
ti
veness of
met
ropol
i
tanadmi
nist
rat
ions,t
olessenexpensesandassetut
il
izat
ionandt
obui
l
d
cont
actamongr
esi
dent
sandgov
ernment
.[
6]Smar
tci
tyappl
i
cat
ionsar
ecr
eat
edt
o
ov
erseemet
ropol
i
tanst
reamsandt
akei
ntoconsi
der
ati
onr
eal
-t
imer
eact
ions.Asmar
t
ci
tymayconsequent
lybemor
ereadyt
oreactt
odi
ff
icul
ti
est
hanonewi
thabasi
c
"
condi
ti
onal
"rel
ati
onshi
p wi
thi
tsr
esi
dent
sYet
,theact
ualt
erm st
ayshazyt
oit
s
par
ti
cul
arsandhence,
opent
onumer
ousunder
standi
ngs.

Concept
sandappl
i
cat
ion
• Di
git
al:Anassi
stancesi
tuat
edf
oundat
ioni
sneededt
oint
erf
acepeopl
eand
gadget
sin a smar
t ci
ty.These i
ncor
por
ate dev
elopment admi
nist
rat
ions and
communi
cat
ionf
oundat
ion.Yov
anof
,G.S.andHazapi
s,G.N.char
act
eri
zeanadv
anced
ci
ty as "
an associ
ated l
ocalar
ea t
hatconsol
i
dat
es br
oadband communi
cat
ions
f
ramewor
k;anadapt
abl
e,admi
nist
rat
ionar
rangedcomput
ingf
oundat
iondependenton
openi
ndust
ryst
andar
ds;and,i
magi
nat
iveadmi
nist
rat
ionst
oaddr
esst
hei
ssuesof
l
egi
slat
uresandt
hei
rrepr
esent
ati
ves,
resi
dent
sandor
gani
zat
ions.

• I
ntel
l
igent
:Cogni
ti
veadv
ances,f
orexampl
e,man-
madeconsci
ousnessandAI
,
canbepr
epar
edont
hei
nfor
mat
ionpr
oducedbyassoci
atedci
tygadget
stor
ecogni
ze
desi
gns.Theadequacyandef
fectofspeci
fi
cappr
oachchoi
cescanbemeasur
edby
i
ntel
l
ect
ual
framewor
ksconcent
rat
ingont
heceasel
essconnect
ionsofpeopl
ewi
tht
hei
r
met
ropol
i
tanenv
ironment
alel
ement
s.

• Ubi
qui
tous:Aper
vasi
veci
tygi
vesadmi
tt
ancet
opubl
i
cadmi
nist
rat
ionst
hrough
anyassoci
atedgadget
.U-
cit
yisanexpansi
onoft
headv
ancedci
tyi
deaonaccountof
t
heof
fi
ceasf
arasopennesst
oeachf
ramewor
k.

• Wi
red:Theact
ualpar
tsofI
Tfr
amewor
ksar
evi
talt
obegi
nni
ngphasesmar
tci
ty
i
mpr
ovement
.Wi
redf
oundat
ioni
sneededt
ohel
ptheI
oTandr
emot
eadv
ancement
s
keyt
omor
eint
erconnect
edl
i
ving.
A wi
redci
tycl
i
mat
egi
vesgener
aladmi
tt
ancet
o
per
sist
ent
lyr
efr
eshed comput
eri
zed and act
ualf
ramewor
k.The mostr
ecenti
n
t
elecommuni
cat
ions,mechani
calt
echnol
ogy
,IoT,anddi
ff
erentassoci
atedi
nnov
ati
ons
woul
dthenbeabl
etobeconv
eyedt
ohel
phumanr
esour
cesandef
fi
ciency
.

• Hy
bri
d:Ahal
fandhal
fci
tyi
sthebl
endofanact
ualconur
bat
ionandav
irt
ualci
ty
i
dent
if
iedwi
tht
heact
ualspace.Thi
srel
ati
onshi
pcanbeoneofv
irt
ualpl
anort
he
pr
esenceofami
nimum amountofv
irt
uall
ocalar
eamember
sinanact
ualmet
ropol
i
tan
space.Mi
xtur
espacescan ser
vet
o compl
etef
utur
e-st
atepr
oject
sforsmar
tci
ty
admi
nist
rat
ionsandcombi
nat
ion.
• I
nfor
mat
ionci
ty:Themul
ti
pli
cit
yofi
ntel
l
igentgadget
sinasmar
tci
tycr
eat
esa
hugeamountofi
nfor
mat
ion.How t
hatdat
aisdeci
pher
edandputawayi
sbasi
cto
Smar
tci
tydev
elopmentandsecur
it
y.

Concl
usi
on

I
nthemet
hodol
ogyoft
heSmar
tCi
ti
esMi
ssi
on,
thegoali
stoadv
anceur
banar
east
hat
gi
vecent
erf
oundat
ionandgi
veani
ceper
sonalsat
isf
act
iont
oit
sresi
dent
s,aspot
less
andmanageabl
ecl
i
mat
eandt
heappl
i
cat
ionof'
Smar
t'Sol
uti
ons.Theemphasi
sison
mai
ntai
nabl
e and compr
ehensi
vet
urn ofev
ent
sand t
he t
houghti
sto checkout
mi
nimi
zedr
egi
ons,
makear
epl
i
cabl
emodelt
hatwi
l
lbehav
eli
keabeaconot
herst
ri
vi
ng
f
orur
bancommuni
ti
es.TheSmar
tCi
ti
esMi
ssi
onoft
heGov
ernmenti
sani
ntense,
new
dr
ive.I
tisi
ntendedt
osetmodel
sthatcanbei
mit
atedbot
hinsi
deandout
sidet
heSmar
t
Ci
ty,
cat
aly
zingt
hemaki
ngofcompar
abl
eSmar
tCi
ti
esi
ndi
ff
erentl
ocal
esandpor
ti
ons
oft
hecount
ry.

b.Ment
iont
hei
mpor
tanceofsmar
tci
ti
esandchal
lengesi
nmanagi
ngsmar
tci
ti
es.(
5
Mar
ks)

Ans3b.

I
ntr
oduct
ion
Smar
tci
tyi
nnov
ati
oncanmakeur
banar
easmor
ecompel
l
ingandpr
oduct
ive,whi
chi
s
essent
ialgi
vent
heext
endedf
astdev
elopmenti
nmet
ropol
i
tanpopul
acesov
ert
he
cour
seoft
hef
oll
owi
ngnotmanyy
ear
s.

Concept
sandappl
i
cat
ion

Smar
tur
banar
east
hati
nfl
uenceassoci
atedi
nnov
ati
onacr
osst
hei
ract
ivi
ti
esr
ecei
vea
l
argegr
oupofr
ewar
ds.Fr
om ourbr
oadexpl
orat
ionandwor
kassi
sti
ngur
banar
easwi
th
cr
eat
ingi
nnov
ati
onpl
ans,t
hef
oll
owi
ngar
e10adv
ant
agesweseeur
bancommuni
ti
es
getf
rom smar
tadv
anceseachday
:

1.Mor
ecompel
l
ing,
inf
ormat
iondr
ivendy
nami
c

Headway
sin"
enor
mousi
nfor
mat
ion"andassoci
atedgadget
shav
eper
mit
tedur
ban
communi
ti
esadmi
tt
ancet
odat
athati
snev
erbeenaccessi
ble.

2.I
mpr
ovedr
esi
dentandgov
ernmentcommi
tment

Resi
dent
stodayant
ici
pat
ethatt
hei
rci
ti
esshoul
dconv
eyst
rong,easyt
ounder
stand
adv
anced admi
nist
rat
ions.Coor
dinat
ed ef
for
tdev
ices,cur
rentandi
nst
inct
ivesi
tes,
v
ersat
il
e appl
i
cat
ions,sel
f-
admi
nist
rat
ion ent
rances,and hel
pfuli
nter
net based
account
shav
etur
nedi
ntot
hest
andar
dinnumer
ousf
eat
uresofl
i
fe,andr
esi
dent
s
expectnol
essf
rom t
hei
rci
ty.

3.Mor
esecur
enet
wor
ks

Asmar
tci
tyi
samor
esecur
eci
ty.Ut
il
izi
ngi
nnov
ati
onpr
ogr
essesandseeki
ngaf
ter
pr
ivat
e/publ
i
cassoci
ati
onsassi
stwi
thl
esseni
ngcr
ime

4.Di
mini
shednat
ural
impr
essi
on

Wi
tht
heascentofozonedepl
eti
ngsubst
ances,f
lot
sam andj
etsam i
nourseas,and
j
unki
nourr
oads,
smar
tur
banar
easar
eret
ali
ati
ngt
olessenadv
erseconsequenceson
t
hecl
i
mat
e.

5.Fur
therdev
elopedt
ranspor
tat
ion

Smar
tci
tyt
ranspor
tat
ionv
ent
uresar
erel
i
edupont
oascendmor
ethan25%y
ear
lyov
er
t
hecour
seoft
hef
oll
owi
ngf
ivey
ear
s,asi
ndi
cat
edbySmar
tCi
ty.
Press
Af
ewdi
ff
icul
ti
esar
e

I
nadequat
easset
s

Ar
epor
tbySmar
tCi
ti
esWor
lduncov
erst
hatsubsi
dizi
ngi
sthegr
eat
estt
estt
oexecut
ing
asmar
tci
tyst
rat
egy
.Maki
ngur
banar
eassmar
tmeansconv
eyi
ngsmar
t,compl
ex
f
ramewor
kforcar
ryi
ngoutcomput
eri
zedadv
ances.Mor
eov
er,t
onsandhugel
oadsof
smar
tgadget
smustbecoor
dinat
ed f
ori
nfor
mat
ioncol
l
ect
ionLackofexper
ienced
exper
ts

Anot
hermost
-squeezi
ngchal
l
engef
orsmar
tur
banar
easi
stheabsenceoft
alent
ed
exper
ts.Forset
ti
ngupast
rat
egyt
omakesmar
tci
typr
ojectpr
ogr
ess,r
ecogni
zi
ng
r
egi
ons f
or execut
ion of adv
ancement
s,and wor
king t
hese appar
atuses,t
ech
speci
ali
stsar
erequi
red.Conf
li
cti
ngor
gani
zat
ionav
ail
abi
l
ity

Fort
hesmar
tmanagementofadi
str
ict
,af
ew sensor
s,camer
as,andact
uat
orsar
e
i
ntr
oducedal
lov
ert
hepl
ace.Thesesensor
sassembl
eandsendhugev
olumesof
i
nfor
mat
ioni
nreal
time

Concl
usi
on

Smar
tci
tygadget
sar
eassessedt
otop1bi
l
li
onuni
tsby2025,asi
ndi
cat
edbyt
heI
HS
r
epor
t.These I
nter
net
-associ
ated gadget
s wi
l
lcommuni
cat
e col
ossalpi
eces of
i
nfor
mat
ioni
nrealt
ime.Howev
ert
hisi
nfor
mat
ionhel
pingi
vi
ngpr
oduct
ivi
tyatr
egi
on
capaci
ti
es,i
tpr
esent
sgenui
nesecur
it
ychancest
hatcan'
tbedi
sregar
ded.I
nfor
mat
ion
f
rom par
king ar
eas,CCTV camer
as,EV char
ging st
ati
ons,and GPS f
ramewor
ks
cont
ainssecr
etdat
aofr
esi
dent
s.Few outofev
eryoddassoci
atedgadgeti
sdi
git
al
st
rong,att
hispoi
nt.I
ncaset
hati
sthesi
tuat
ion,l
awbr
eaker
scanundoubt
edl
yaccess
t
hei
nfor
mat
ionandusei
tforunl
awf
ulgoal
.Consequent
ly,l
egi
slat
uresandI
Texper
ts
oughtt
ofor
ti
fyt
hesecur
it
yli
nesofsmar
tgadget
sandt
hesuppor
ti
ngf
ramewor
k.
Recogni
zi
ngandaddr
essi
ngt
hedi
ff
icul
ti
esf
orsmar
tur
bancommuni
ti
esi
sashar
ed
met
hodol
ogy
.Legi
slat
uresaswel
lasI
Ttr
ainedpr
ofessi
onal
s,pr
ivat
eassoci
ati
ons,
and
r
esi
dent
sshoul
dmeetupt
owor
kforashar
edobj
ect
ive-smar
tci
tyachi
evement
.