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Research Methods - STA630 Quiz 4
Research Methods - STA630 Quiz 4
Research Methods - STA630 Quiz 4
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
None of the given options
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Weighting
Construct
Internal
External
Causal
Order effects
Carryover effects
Analysis of covariance
Both A & B
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Health care
Business
Government offices
Imaginary worlds
Perceptions
Theory
Sensory experience
Logics and arguments
planning
clear writing
good writing
All of the given option
Age
Nationality
Test score
Income
In order
In discrete categories
Units of equal distance
Data where there is a true zero
Categorical variables
Ordered variables
Discrete variables
Continuous variables
Stimulus
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Business research
Grounded theory
Reliable
Systematic
Accurate
All of the given options
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
Selection-maturation effect
Selection-history effect
Selection-regression effect
All of the above
Body of table
Cell of table
Area of table
Marginal
4
3
2
1
Guide your decisions about what data to collect and from where.
Help you decide which research area interests you.
Ensure that your findings have external validity.
Prevent you from thinking about research strategies.
Data analysis
Results
Literature review
Conclusions section
A rock band
An experiment done before the main study
An experiment involving lots of participants, who have been carefully chosen to avoid
bias
A treatment which appears to be have the same effect as the 'real thing' but that only
'works' psychologically.
Operational definition
Working definition
Theoretical definition
None of the given options
Social Forms
Turnover
Civil Wars
Economic Forms
Does studying Latin improve the standardized vocabulary test scores of seventh grade
students?
Does drilling fifth grade students with multiplication facts improve their standardized
test scores?
What is the relationship between students' math attitudes and math achievement?
Should students have access to controversial novels in school?
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Review of literature
Focus group discussion
Making research question
Seek out the informants
Naturalistic observation
Case study
Laboratory observation
Survey
Replication pattern
Specification pattern
Suppressor variable pattern
Negative linear relationship
Bivariate Tables
Frequency Distribution Table
SPSS Table
MINITAB Table
Experimental group
Control group
Selection-maturation effect
Selection-history effect
Selection-regression effect
All of the above
Closed-ended
Open-ended
Structured
Semi structured
Lying
Social desirability bias
Faulty memory
All of the given options
Descriptive study
Case study
A placebo
Experiment
Cluster sampling
Simple random sampling
Systematic sampling
Proportional stratified sampling
They are more concerned with publishing the results of their reliability tests.
They do not believe that this is an appropriate goal to be striving for.
They keep forgetting which of the variables they have manipulated.
They tend to use cross-sectional designs, which produce only correlations.
Reflection
Integrative
Explanatory
Reflection, integrity, explanation
Dependent variable
Extraneous variable
Independent variable
Confounding variable
Reliable
Systematic
Accurate
All of the given options
planning
clear writing
External validity
Internal reliability
External reliability
Internal validity
Trend study
Census study
Panel study
Cohort study
Trivariate tables.
Multiple regressions.
Statistical control.
Comparative form
Critical form
Logical form
Narrative form
Social Forms
Turnover
Civil Wars
Economic Forms
Ordinary data
Well behaved data
Ranked data
Numbers
Mean
Range
Percentile
Mode
planning
clear writing
good writing
All of the given option
It produces the same result when it is given at different times to the same group of people
It produces the same result no matter which version of the test is used
It measures what it is supposed to measure
All of the questions on it can be answered accurately by the subject
Identify a topic.
Describe the procedures to collect information.
Analyze the collected information.
State the results of the data analysis.
Experimental control
Differential influence
Matching
Analysis of covariance
Self-concept
Participation in extracurricular activities
Attitude toward school
Father's level of education
Unambiguous
Vague
Clear
Dictionary
Tell subjects the truth about the study’s purpose and methods after the study is completed
Prevent mental and physical harm to subjects
Let subjects withdraw from the study at any time if they don’t want to keep participating
All of the given options
In order
In discrete categories
Descriptive research
Explananory research
Exploratory research
All of the given options
Replication pattern
Specification pattern
Suppressor variable pattern
Negative linear relationship
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Weighting
To accumulate responses
To identify respondent
To identify potential problems
To evaluate the research
Mean
Range
Median
Mode
Test-retest reliability
Cronbach's alpha
Split-half reliability
Inter item ratio
Experimental Research
Action Research
Social Research
Historical Comparative Research
Observer effect
Participant effect
Non participant bias
Observer bias
Stimulus
Control
Dependent
Independent
Inter-rater reliability
Construct validity
Internal validity
Test-retest reliability
Body of table
Cell of table
Area of table
Marginal
Telephonic interview
Personal interview
Unstructured interview
Structured interview
Cumulative
Deterministic
Unethical
Rationalism
Invoicing irregularities
Avoiding legal liability
Misrepresenting results
Seek approval for research
Ratio
Nominal
Interval
Dichotomous
Objective
Subjective
Inductive
Deductive
Primary data
Secondary data
Experimental data
Field notes
Health care
Business
Government offices
Imaginary worlds
If a researcher was studying the use of various instructional approaches to the "multiple
intelligences" of his students, he is likely to be conducting which type of research?
Select correct option:
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Unambiguous
Vague
Clear
Dictionary
Which of the following is a measure in which the researcher captures the intensity,
direction, level, or potency of a variable construct?
Select correct option:
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Weighting
Which of the following is the process of marking segments of data with symbols,
descriptive words or category?
Select correct option:
Concurring
Coding
Coloring
Segmenting
Snowball
Intensity
Homogeneous
Purposive
Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported
Tradition
Research
Intuition
Personal experience
To accumulate responses
To identify respondent
To identify potential problems
To evaluate the research
The extent to which we can generalize the results of a study to other participants is called:
Select correct option:
Sampling validity
External validity
Construct validity
Internal validity
What type of the interview that is in which questions are already prepared?
Select correct option:
Telephonic interview
Personal interview
Unstructured interview
Structured interview
Comparative form
Critical form
Logical form
Narrative form
Identify a topic.
Describe the procedures to collect information.
Analyze the collected information.
State the results of the data analysis.
Which of the following control techniques available to the researcher controls for both
known and unknown variables?
Select correct option:
Mail
Recorded Interview
Focus group
Telephone
Which of the table is based on cross-tabulation and the cases are organized in the table on
the basis of two variables at the same time?
Select correct option:
Bivariate Tables
Frequency Distribution Table
SPSS Table
MINITAB Table
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
The following journal article would be an example of _____ research; "The benefits of
florescent lighting on production in a factory setting."
Select correct option:
Applied
Interview
Basic
Stupid
Mean
Range
Median
Mode
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
A ______ scale only assigns numbers to objects to classify the objects according to the
characteristic of interest.
Select correct option:
Ratio
Nominal
Interval
Dichotomous
An indicator of reliability based on the correlations of each item in a measure with every
other item is called:
Select correct option:
Test-retest reliability
Cronbach's alpha
Split-half reliability
Inter item ratio
In order
In discrete categories
Units of equal distance
Data where there is a true zero
To accumulate responses
To identify respondent
To identify potential problems
To evaluate the research
Observer effect
Participant effect
Non participant bias
Observer bias
An Internet survey
Telephone interviews
A mail survey
Focus groups
Which of the following is more operational with the help of coding system?
Select correct option:
External Appearance
Count Behaviors
Time Duration
Content analysis
Research solution
Logic and arguments
Reasoning
Previous findings
If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in his classroom to ascertain their
merit and worth, he is likely conducting which type of research?
Select correct option:
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
Research may differ along a series of dimensions. Which of the following may be applied
to this statement?
Select correct option:
What is required if there is a chance that data could harm the respondents?
Select correct option:
Change of results
A signed form detailing the types of limits
Free consent of respondents
All of the given options
Invoicing irregularities
Avoiding legal liability
Misrepresenting results
Seek approval for research
When a variable is so closely associated with the independent variable that we do not
know which one is producing the experimental effect, the variable is:
Select correct option:
Manipulated
Confounded
Unspecified
Uncontrolled
Replication pattern
Suppressor variable pattern
Negative linear relationship
Interpretation pattern
Disciplines
Propositions
Empirical Realities
None of the given options
Bivariate Tables
Frequency Distribution Table
SPSS Table
MINITAB Table
Health care
Business
Government offices
Imaginary worlds
Any characteristic of interest that can take on more than one value
Defined as the groups manipulated in experimental research
The complete set of scores we use in statistical analysis
Completely specified only in observational research
Leadership.
Total Quality Management.
Human Resource Management.
All of the given options
Test-retest reliability
Cronbach's alpha
Blind observation
Quasi-experimentation
Naturalistic observation
Field experimentation
Cumulative
Deterministic
Unethical
Rationalism
Operational definition
Working definition
Theoretical definition
None of the given options
Bivariate
Multivariate
Univariate
All of the given options
Absence of relationship
Existence of relationship
The direction of relationship
Casual relationship
Flat line
Baseline
Variance
Reverse
Functional
Conceptual
Operational
Practical
In order
In discrete categories
Units of equal distance
Data where there is a true zero
Stimulus
Control
Dependent
Independent
Purposive Sampling
Quota Sampling
Convenience Sampling
Snowball Sampling
Question content
Question wording
Lying
Social desirability bias
Faulty memory
All of the given options
Self-concept
Participation in extracurricular activities
Attitude toward school
Father's level of education
An Internet survey
Telephone interviews
A mail survey
Focus groups
Help you find out what is already known about this area.
Identify any inconsistencies or gaps in the literature.
Demonstrate an awareness of the theoretical context in which the current study can be
located.
Find what is already known, identify gaps demonstrate awareness.
People are not likely to be able to stop once they have begun participating.
Informed consent cannot be completely monitored.
Debriefing could be avoided.
Privacy could be invaded.
Bivariate
Multivariate
Univariate
All of the given options
Primary data
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Weighting
Change of results
A signed form detailing the types of limits
Free consent of respondents
All of the given options
A rock band
An experiment done before the main study
An experiment involving lots of participants, who have been carefully chosen to avoid
bias
A treatment which appears to be have the same effect as the 'real thing' but that only
'works' psychologically.
Note taking
Videotaping
Audiotaping
Writing notes after the interview
The future
The lottery result
The frequency of the effect
The direction of the effect
Tell subjects the truth about the study’s purpose and methods after the study is
completed
Prevent mental and physical harm to subjects
Let subjects withdraw from the study at any time if they don’t want to keep participating
All of the given options
Flat line
Baseline
Variance
Reverse
Unambiguous meanings
Vague meanings
Clear meanings
In order
In discrete categories
Units of equal distance
Data where there is a true zero
Bivariate Tables
Frequency Distribution Table
SPSS Table
MINITAB Table
History
Differential selection
Additive and interactive effects
Differential attrition
External validity
Internal reliability
External reliability
Internal validity
Snowball
Intensity
Homogeneous
Purposive
Help you find out what is already known about this area.
Identify any inconsistencies or gaps in the literature.
Demonstrate an awareness of the theoretical context in which the current study can be
located.
Find what is already known, identify gaps demonstrate awareness.
Descriptive study
Case study
A placebo
Experiment
Non participant
Unstructured participant
Participant
Structured participant
Response set
Response rate
Response bias
Respondents
Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
Selection-maturation effect
Selection-history effect
Selection-regression effect
All of the above
Applied
Interview
Basic
Stupid
High
Moderate
Low
Nil
Nonequivalent comparison-group
Interrupted time-series
Changing-criterion
Regression discontinuity
Question content
Question wording
Response strategy
All of the given options
Inter-rater reliability
Construct validity
Internal validity
Test-retest reliability
Construct
Internal
External
Causal
Opportunity Sampling
Random Sampling
Stratified Sampling
Quasi-random sampling
Survey
Literature Review
Experiment
Referencing
Inventory of variables
Inventory of propositions
Arrangement of propositions
Schematic diagram
Latent Coding
Accretion
Count Behaviors
Intensity
When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the
consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Weighting
Naturalistic observation
Case study
Laboratory observation
Survey
An Internet survey
Telephone interviews
A mail survey
Focus groups
Categorical variables
Ordered variables
Discrete variables
Continuous variables
Reflection
Integrative
Explanatory
Reflection, integrity, explanation
The future
The lottery result
The frequency of the effect
The direction of the effect
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
An experimental study
An observational study
An experimental study
An observational study
A quasi-experimental study
A non involvement study
Leadership.
Total Quality Management.
Human Resource Management.
All of the given options
Closed-ended
Open-ended
Structured
Semi structured
Questionnaires
Focus groups
Correlation method
Secondary data
Order effects
Carryover effects
Analysis of covariance
Both A & B
Test Run
Pilot Test
Post Hoc Test
T- Test
To accumulate responses
To identify respondent
To identify potential problems
To evaluate the research
Naturalistic observation
Case study
Laboratory observation
Survey
Students taking formative quizzes will perform better on chapter exams than students not
taking these quizzes.
Taller students will have higher test scores than shorter students.
Students taught in a cooperative group setting should do better than students in a
traditional class.
Students using laptops will do well.
Replication pattern
Suppressor variable pattern
Negative linear relationship
Interpretation pattern
Mean
Range
Median
Mode
An Internet survey
Selection-maturation effect
Selection-history effect
Selection-regression effect
All of the above
Leadership.
Total Quality Management.
Human Resource Management.
All of the given options
Probability sample
Zero-bias sample
All-inclusive sample
Non-probability sample
A lab experiment
A report
A systematic Enquiry
A procedure
Visual representations.
Graphical techniques.
Summary statistics.
Both A& B
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
Response set
Response rate
Response bias
Respondents
Does studying Latin improve the standardized vocabulary test scores of seventh grade
students?
Does drilling fifth grade students with multiplication facts improve their standardized
test scores?
What is the relationship between students' math attitudes and math achievement?
Should students have access to controversial novels in school?
People are not likely to be able to stop once they have begun participating.
Informed consent cannot be completely monitored.
Debriefing could be avoided.
Privacy could be invaded.
Trend study
Census study
Panel study
Cohort study
Closed-ended
Open-ended
Structured
Semi structured
It is ethical.
It can be investigated through the collection and analysis of data.
It focuses on a philosophical or ethical issue.
It is theoretically or practically significant.
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
Mean
Range
Median
Mode
Contingency table.
Frequency distribution table.
Cumulative percentage distribution table.
Histogram.
Cluster sampling
Convenience sampling
Quota sampling
Purposive sampling
Test-retest reliability
Cronbach's alpha
Split-half reliability
Inter item ratio
What is the relationship between the number of books children read and their reading
scores?
Should competitive games be banned from elementary schools?
What does it mean to be a special needs child "included" in Ms. Amara’s fourth grade
class?
What are the major legal principles applied to educational cases decided by the Supreme
Court?
Ratio
Nominal
Dependent variable
Extraneous variable
Independent variable
Confounding variable
Mean
Range
Median
Mode
Order effects
Carryover effects
Analysis of covariance
Both A & B
Bivariate Tables
Frequency Distribution Table
SPSS Table
MINITAB Table
Objective
Subjective
Inductive
Deductive
Mean
Median
Mode
Regression analysis
Flat line
Baseline
Variance
Reverse
Social Forms
Turnover
Civil Wars
Economic Forms
Blind observation
Quasi-experimentation
Naturalistic observation
Field experimentation
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Construct
Internal
External
Causal
Descriptive study
Case study
A placebo
Experiment
Trivariate tables.
Multiple regressions.
Statistical control.
None of the above.
Scale
Consumer price index
Weighting
Calculate statistics
Understand relationships between variables
Obtain the distribution of responses for each question
Create tables which display the survey results
Objective
Subjective
Inductive
Deductive
Scale
Consumer price index
Weighting
Unidimensionality
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
Survey
Literature Review
Experiment
Referencing
Leadership
Total Quality Management
Human Resource Management
IQ
Ordinary data
Well behaved data
Ranked data
Numbers
External validity
Internal reliability
External reliability
Internal validity
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
Flat line
Baseline
Reactivity
Construct validity
Reliability
Content validity
Change of results
A signed form detailing the types of limits
Free consent of respondents
All of the given options
Mean
Median
Mode
Regression analysis
Body of table
Cell of table
Area of table
Marginal
4
3
2
1
Objective
Subjective
Inductive
Deductive
An experimental study
An observational study
A quasi-experimental study
A non involvement study
Experimental group
Control group
Participant group
Independent group
Unambiguous meanings
Vague meanings
Clear meanings
Dictionary meanings
Interviewer
Respondent
Instrument
Sampling
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
Identify a topic.
Describe the procedures to collect information.
Nonequivalent comparison-group
Interrupted time-series
Changing-criterion
Regression discontinuity
Objective
Subjective
Inductive
Deductive
Tables
People
Books
Weight
Ordinary data
Well behaved data
Ranked data
Numbers
Age
Nationality
Test score
Income
Health care
Business
Government offices
Imaginary worlds
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
Telephonic interview
Personal interview
Unstructured interview
Structured interview
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
When subjects have an equal chance to be assigned to any condition and/or group in a
study
When a subject can choose its group and study
When a subject cannot choose its group and study
None of the given options
Unambiguous meanings
Vague meanings
Clear meanings
Dictionary meanings
Self-concept
Participation in extracurricular activities
Attitude toward school
Father's level of education
External validity
Internal reliability
External reliability
Internal validity
Leadership.
Total Quality Management.
Human Resource Management.
All of the given options
Methods
Introduction
Figures
References
Unambiguous
Vague
Clear
Dictionary
Cumulative
External Appearance
Count Behaviors
Time Duration
All of the given options
Experimental group
Control group
Treatment group
Independent group
Leadership.
Total Quality Management.
Human Resource Management.
All of the given options
Perceptions
Theory
Sensory experience
Logics and arguments
Concurring
Coding
Coloring
Segmenting
Mean
Range
Median
Mode
Experimental group
Naturalistic observation
Case study
Laboratory observation
Survey
Flat line
Baseline
Variance
Reverse
Self-concept
Participation in extracurricular activities
Attitude toward school
Father's level of education
Opportunity Sampling
Random Sampling
Stratified Sampling
Quasi-random sampling
Sampling validity
External validity
Construct validity
Internal validity
Invoicing irregularities
Avoiding legal liability
Misrepresenting results
Seek approval for research
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Weighting
Cumulative
Deterministic
Unethical
Rationalism
Ratio
Nominal
Interval
Dichotomous
Cluster sampling
Convenience sampling
Quota sampling
Purposive sampling
Operational definition
Working definition
Theoretical definition
None of the given options
A rock band
An experiment done before the main study
An experiment involving lots of participants, who have been carefully chosen to avoid
bias
A treatment which appears to be have the same effect as the 'real thing' but that only
'works' psychologically.
Descriptive study
Case study
A placebo
Experiment
Test run
Pilot test
Post hoc test
t-test
4
3
2
1
Bivariate Tables
Frequency Distribution Table
SPSS Table
MINITAB Table
A lab experiment
A report
Test-retest
Inter observer agreement
Internal consistency
Equivalent forms
Replication pattern
Specification pattern
Suppressor variable pattern
Negative linear relationship
Categorical variables
Ordered variables
Discrete variables
Continuous variables
Quota sampling
Probability sampling
Accidental sampling
Snowball sampling
Non participant
An Internet survey
Telephone interviews
A mail survey
Focus groups
Cumulative
Deterministic
Unethical
Rationalism
Definition
Construct
Variable
Operationalized variable
Respondent bias
Position bias
Non-response bias
Perceptions
Theory
Sensory experience
Logics and arguments
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
Integrative reviews
Theoretical reviews
Self-study reviews
Historical reviews
Selection-maturation effect
Selection-history effect
Selection-regression effect
All of the above
Reactions of Respondents
Discovering errors in the instrument
Sampling procedure can be checked
All of the given options
A lab experiment
A report
A systematic Enquiry
A procedure
Change of results
A signed form detailing the types of limits
Free consent of respondents
All of the given options
Cluster sampling
Convenience sampling
Quota sampling
Purposive sampling
Trivariate tables.
Multiple regressions.
Question content
Question wording
Response strategy
All of the given options
What is the relationship between the number of books children read and their reading
scores?
Should competitive games be banned from elementary schools?
What does it mean to be a special needs child "included" in Ms. Amara’s fourth grade
class?
What are the major legal principles applied to educational cases decided by the Supreme
Court?
Ratio
Nominal
Interval
Dichotomous
External Appearance
Accretion
Count Behaviors
Time Duration
When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the
consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.
Scale
Consumer price index
Weighting
Unidimensionality
Flat line
Baseline
Variance
Reverse
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
Inventory of variables
Inventory of propositions
Arrangement of propositions
Schematic diagram
Body of table
Cell of table
Area of table
Marginal
Differences
Relationships
Comparison
None of the above
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Weighting
Invoicing irregularities
Avoiding legal liability
Misrepresenting results
Seek approval for research
Age
Nationality
Test score
Income
Contingency table.
Frequency distribution table.
Cumulative percentage distribution table.
Histogram.
Methods
Introduction
Figures
References
Response set
Response rate
Response bias
Respondents
Mail survey
Focus group
Telephone interview
None of the given options
Experimental group
Control group
Participant group
Independent group
Test-retest reliability
Cronbach's alpha
Split-half reliability
Inter item ratio
Frequency
Intensity
Direction
Accretion
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
Note taking
Videotaping
Audiotaping
Writing notes after the interview
Tables
People
Books
Weight
Fieldworkers
Researchers
Research assistants
None of the given options
Probability sample
Zero-bias sample
All-inclusive sample
Non-probability sample
Body of table
Cell of table
Area of table
Marginal
Tell subjects the truth about the study’s purpose and methods after the study is
completed
Prevent mental and physical harm to subjects
Let subjects withdraw from the study at any time if they don’t want to keep participating
All of the given options
Concurring
Coding
Coloring
Segmenting
To accumulate responses
To identify respondent
To identify potential problems
To evaluate the research
Guide your decisions about what data to collect and from where.
Help you decide which research area interests you.
Ensure that your findings have external validity.
Prevent you from thinking about research strategies.
Calculate statistics
Understand relationships between variables
Obtain the distribution of responses for each question
Create tables which display the survey results
Observer effect
Participant effect
Non participant bias
Observer bias
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Weighting
Change of results
A signed form detailing the types of limits
Free consent of respondents
All of the given options
Tables
People
Books
Weight
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Extraneous variable
Causal variable
4
3
2
1
Snowball
Intensity
Homogeneous
Purposive
Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported
Blind observation
Quasi-experimentation
Naturalistic observation
Field experimentation
Trend study
Census study
Panel study
Cohort study
Bivariate
Multivariate
Univariate
All of the given options
Objective
Subjective
Inductive
Deductive
Disciplines
Propositions
Empirical Realities
None of the given options
Test run
Pilot test
Post hoc test
t-test
Absence of relationship
Existence of relationship
The direction of relationship
Casual relationship
Leadership.
Total Quality Management.
Human Resource Management.
All of the given options
Integrative reviews
Theoretical reviews
Self-study reviews
Historical reviews
Methods
Introduction
Figures
References
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Experimental Research
Action Research
Social Research
Historical Comparative Research
Standardized tests
Interviews
Secondary data
Observations
Concurring
Coding
Coloring
Segmenting
Working definition
Nominal definition
Conceptual definition
Dictionary definition
Any characteristic of interest that can take on more than one value
Defined as the groups manipulated in experimental research
The complete set of scores we use in statistical analysis
Completely specified only in observational research
Experimental group
Control group
Treatment group
Independent group
Scale
Consumer price index
Weighting
Unidimensionality
Differences
Relationships
Comparison
None of the above
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
A rock band
An experiment done before the main study
An experiment involving lots of participants, who have been carefully chosen to avoid
bias
A treatment which appears to be have the same effect as the 'real thing' but that only
'works' psychologically.
Quota sampling
Probability sampling
Accidental sampling
Snowball sampling
Conceptual understanding
Dictionary meaning
Operational definition
All of the above
Objective
Subjective
Inductive
Deductive
Descriptive research
Explananory research
Exploratory research
All of the given options
Categorical variables
Ordered variables
Discrete variables
Continuous variables
Tradition
Personal experience
Research
Expert opinion
Nonequivalent comparison-group
Interrupted time-series
Changing-criterion
Regression discontinuity
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
Observer effect
Participant effect
Non participant bias
Observer bias
Experimental control
Differential influence
Matching
Analysis of covariance
Visual representations.
Reflection
Protocol
Formal data
Analysis
Dependent variable
Extraneous variable
Independent variable
Confounding variable
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
None of the given options
Manipulated
Confounded
Experimental control
Differential influence
Matching
Analysis of covariance
Social Forms
Turnover
People are not likely to be able to stop once they have begun participating.
Informed consent cannot be completely monitored.
Debriefing could be avoided.
Privacy could be invaded.
Conceptual understanding
Dictionary meaning
Operational definition
All of the above
Emotions
God’s reward for good deeds
Satisfaction
None of the given options
Definition
Construct
Variable
Operationalized variable
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Replication pattern
Suppressor variable pattern
Negative linear relationship
Interpretation pattern
Cluster sampling
Convenience sampling
Quota sampling
Purposive sampling
Cumulative
Deterministic
Unethical
Rationalism
Interviewer
Respondent
Instrument
Sampling
Operational definition
Working definition
Theoretical definition
None of the given options
Test run
Pilot test
Post hoc test
t-test
Non participant
Unstructured participant
Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
None of the given options
Tradition
Personal experience
Research
Expert opinion
Telephonic interview
Personal interview
Unstructured interview
Structured interview
Scholarly journals
Experiment
Dissertations
Bibliographical indexes
Closed-ended
Open-ended
Structured
Semi structured
Integrative reviews
Quota sampling
Probability sampling
Accidental sampling
Snowball sampling
Ordinary data
Well behaved data
Ranked data
Numbers
Disciplines
Propositions
Empirical Realities
None of the given options
Bivariate Tables
Frequency Distribution Table
SPSS Table
MINITAB Table
Scale
Index
Unidimensionality
Weighting
Body of table
Cell of table
Area of table
Marginal
Order effects
Carryover effects
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
Sampling validity
External validity
Construct validity
Internal validity
Opportunity Sampling
Random Sampling
Stratified Sampling
Quasi-random sampling
Visual representations.
Graphical techniques.
Summary statistics.
Both A& B
Fieldworkers
Researchers
Research assistants
None of the given options
Snowball
Convenience
Purposive
Quota
Purposive Sampling
Quota Sampling
Convenience Sampling
Snowball Sampling
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Bivariate
Multivariate
Univariate
All of the given options
Dependent variable
Concurring
Coding
Coloring
Segmenting
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
Mail survey
Focus group
Telephone interview
None of the given options
Test-retest reliability
Cronbach's alpha
Split-half reliability
Inter item ratio
Test
Assessment
Measurement
Instrument
Experimental group
Control group
Treatment group
Independent group
Research solution
Logic and arguments
Reasoning
Previous findings
Tables
People
Books
Weight
Test
Ratio
Nominal
Interval
Dichotomous
Quota sampling
Probability sampling
Accidental sampling
Snowball sampling
Naturalistic observation
Case study
Laboratory observation
Survey
Interviewer
Respondent
Instrument
Sampling
Snowball
Convenience
Purposive
Quota
Purposive Sampling
Quota Sampling
Convenience Sampling
Snowball Sampling
Snowball
Intensity
Homogeneous
Purposive
Sampling validity
External validity
Construct validity
Internal validity
Invoicing irregularities
Avoiding legal liability
Misrepresenting results
Seek approval for research
Inter-rater reliability
Construct validity
Internal validity
Test-retest reliability
They are more concerned with publishing the results of their reliability tests.
They do not believe that this is an appropriate goal to be striving for.
They keep forgetting which of the variables they have manipulated.
They tend to use cross-sectional designs, which produce only correlations.
Survey
Literature Review
Experiment
Referencing
Mail
Recorded Interview
Focus group
Operational definition
Working definition
Theoretical definition
None of the given options
Tradition
Inductive logic
Deductive logic
The scientific method
It is ethical.
It can be investigated through the collection and analysis of data.
It focuses on a philosophical or ethical issue.
It is theoretically or practically significant.
Leadership.
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
Applied
Interview
Basic
Stupid
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Calculate statistics
Understand relationships between variables
Obtain the distribution of responses for each question
Create tables which display the survey results
Test-retest reliability
Cronbach's alpha
Split-half reliability
Inter item ratio
Unambiguous
Vague
Clear
Dictionary
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Experimental Method
Scientific Method
What is the relationship between the number of books children read and their reading
scores?
Should competitive games be banned from elementary schools?
What does it mean to be a special needs child "included" in Ms. Amara’s fourth grade
class?
What are the major legal principles applied to educational cases decided by the Supreme
Court?
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
Cohort study
Time series Research
Panel study
Case studies
Data analysis
Results
Literature review
Conclusions section
Does studying Latin improve the standardized vocabulary test scores of seventh grade
students?
Does drilling fifth grade students with multiplication facts improve their standardized
test scores?
What is the relationship between students' math attitudes and math achievement?
Should students have access to controversial novels in school?
Respondent bias
Position bias
Non-response bias
Instrument bias
Perceptions
Theory
Sensory experience
Logics and arguments
Emotions
God’s reward for good deeds
Satisfaction
None of the given options
People are not likely to be able to stop once they have begun participating.
Informed consent cannot be completely monitored.
Debriefing could be avoided.
Privacy could be invaded.
Change of results
A signed form detailing the types of limits
Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Business research
Grounded theory
It is ethical.
It can be investigated through the collection and analysis of data.
It focuses on a philosophical or ethical issue.
It is theoretically or practically significant.
Integrative reviews
Theoretical reviews
Self-study reviews
Historical reviews
Trend study
Census study
Panel study
Cohort study
Test run
Pilot test
Post hoc test
t-test
Reactions of Respondents
Discovering errors in the instrument
Sampling procedure can be checked
All of the given options
Integrative reviews
Theoretical reviews
Self-study reviews
Historical reviews
Response set
Response rate
Response bias
Respondents
Guide your decisions about what data to collect and from where.
Help you decide which research area interests you.
Ensure that your findings have external validity.
Prevent you from thinking about research strategies.
When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the
consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
Inventory of variables
Inventory of propositions
Arrangement of propositions
Schematic diagram
Survey
Literature Review
Experiment
Referencing
Definition
Construct
Variable
Operationalized variable
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
None of the given options
Change of results
A signed form detailing the types of limits
Free consent of respondents
All of the given options
Unambiguous meanings
Vague meanings
Clear meanings
Dictionary meanings
Students taking formative quizzes will perform better on chapter exams than students not
taking these quizzes.
Taller students will have higher test scores than shorter students.
Students taught in a cooperative group setting should do better than students in a
traditional class.
Students using laptops will do well.
Applied
Interview
Basic
Stupid
Note taking
Videotaping
Audiotaping
Writing notes after the interview
Guide your decisions about what data to collect and from where.
Help you decide which research area interests you.
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
They are more concerned with publishing the results of their reliability tests.
They do not believe that this is an appropriate goal to be striving for.
They keep forgetting which of the variables they have manipulated.
They tend to use cross-sectional designs, which produce only correlations.
Applied
Interview
Basic
Stupid
Operational definition
Working definition
Theoretical definition
None of the given options
Research solution
Logic and arguments
Reasoning
Previous findings
Any characteristic of interest that can take on more than one value
Defined as the groups manipulated in experimental research
The complete set of scores we use in statistical analysis
Completely specified only in observational research
Conceptual understanding
Dictionary meaning
Operational definition
All of the above
Leadership
Total Quality Management
Human Resource Management
IQ
Cumulative
Deterministic
Unethical
Rationalism
A lab experiment
A report
A systematic Enquiry
A procedure
Inter-rater reliability
Construct validity
Internal validity
Test-retest reliability
Mean
Range
Percentile
Mode
Data analysis
Results
Literature review
Conclusions section
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
None of the given options
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
Integrative reviews
Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
None of the given options
Reactivity
Construct validity
Reliability
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Extraneous variable
Causal variable
A class of objects
Attributes
Occurrences
All of the given options
Fieldworkers
Researchers
Research assistants
None of the given options
Theory
Conclusion
Hypothesis
Summary of the data
When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the
consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.
Cohort study
Time series Research
Panel study
Case studies
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
Ordinary data
Well behaved data
Ranked data
Numbers
Test run
Pilot test
Post hoc test
t-test
Emotions
God’s reward for good deeds
Satisfaction
None of the given options
Data analysis
Results
Literature review
Conclusions section
Unambiguous
Vague
Clear
Dictionary
Scholarly journals
Experiment
Dissertations
Bibliographical indexes
Change of results
A signed form detailing the types of limits
Free consent of respondents
All of the given options
Help you find out what is already known about this area.
Identify any inconsistencies or gaps in the literature.
Demonstrate an awareness of the theoretical context in which the current study can be
located.
Find what is already known, identify gaps demonstrate awareness.
Action research
Historical research
Ethnography
Grounded theory
Perceptions
Theory
Sensory experience
Logics and arguments
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
Reliable
Systematic
Accurate
All of the given options
Scholarly journals
Experiment
Dissertations
Bibliographical indexes
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
None of the given options
What does it mean to be a special needs child "included" in Ms. Amara’s fourth grade
class?
What are the major legal principles applied to educational cases decided by the Supreme
Court?
The future
The lottery result
The frequency of the effect
The direction of the effect
Response set
Response rate
Response bias
Respondents
Integrative reviews
Theoretical reviews
Self-study reviews
Historical reviews
Note taking
Videotaping
Audiotaping
Writing notes after the interview
What is the relationship between the number of books children read and their reading
scores?
Should competitive games be banned from elementary schools?
What does it mean to be a special needs child "included" in Ms. Amara’s fourth grade
class?
Health care
Business
Government offices
Imaginary worlds
Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Business research
Grounded theory
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
None of the given options
Disciplines
Propositions
Empirical Realities
None of the given options
Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
None of the given options
Fieldworkers
Researchers
Research assistants
None of the given options
Integrative reviews
Theoretical reviews
Self-study reviews
Historical reviews
Leadership.
Total Quality Management.
Human Resource Management.
All of the given options
Respondent bias
Position bias
Non-response bias
Instrument bias
Test Run
Pilot Test
Post Hoc Test
T- Test
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Experimental Method
Scientific Method
Inter-rater reliability
Construct validity
Internal validity
Test-retest reliability
Research solution
Logic and arguments
Reasoning
Previous findings
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
Fieldworkers
Researchers
Research assistants
None of the given options
Inventory of variables
Inventory of propositions
Arrangement of propositions
Schematic diagram
Survey
Literature Review
Experiment
Referencing
Functional
Conceptual
Operational
Practical
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
Theory
Conclusion
Hypothesis
Summary of the data
Tables
People
Books
Weight
Operational definition
Working definition
Descriptive research
Explananory research
Exploratory research
All of the given options
When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the
consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Test Run
Pilot Test
Post Hoc Test
T- Test
Leadership
Total Quality Management
Human Resource Management
IQ
Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported
Integrative reviews
Theoretical reviews
Self-study reviews
Historical reviews
The future
The lottery result
The frequency of the effect
The direction of the effect
Theory
Conclusion
Hypothesis
Summary of the data
Test Run
Pilot Test
Post Hoc Test
T- Test
Test run
Pilot test
Post hoc test
t-test
Research solution
Logic and arguments
Reasoning
Previous findings
Telephonic interview
Personal interview
Absence of relationship
Existence of relationship
The direction of relationship
Casual relationship
Mean
Range
Percentile
Mode
Fieldworkers
Researchers
Research assistants
None of the given options
Tradition
Inductive logic
Deductive logic
The scientific method
Response set
Response rate
Response bias
Respondents
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
The future
The lottery result
The frequency of the effect
The direction of the effect
In order
In discrete categories
Units of equal distance
Data where there is a true zero
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
Tell subjects the truth about the study’s purpose and methods after the study is
completed
Prevent mental and physical harm to subjects
Let subjects withdraw from the study at any time if they don’t want to keep participating
All of the given options
Operational definition
Working definition
Theoretical definition
None of the given options
Guide your decisions about what data to collect and from where.
Help you decide which research area interests you.
Ensure that your findings have external validity.
People are not likely to be able to stop once they have begun participating.
Informed consent cannot be completely monitored.
Debriefing could be avoided.
Privacy could be invaded.
Does studying Latin improve the standardized vocabulary test scores of seventh grade
students?
Does drilling fifth grade students with multiplication facts improve their standardized
test scores?
What is the relationship between students' math attitudes and math achievement?
Should students have access to controversial novels in school?
Methods
Introduction
Figures
References
Change of results
A signed form detailing the types of limits
Free consent of respondents
All of the given options
They are more concerned with publishing the results of their reliability tests.
They do not believe that this is an appropriate goal to be striving for.
They keep forgetting which of the variables they have manipulated.
They tend to use cross-sectional designs, which produce only correlations.
Disciplines
Propositions
Empirical Realities
Applied
Interview
Basic
Stupid
When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the
consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.
Reactions of Respondents
Discovering errors in the instrument
Sampling procedure can be checked
All of the given options
Test Run
Pilot Test
Post Hoc Test
T- Test
Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
None of the given options
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Extraneous variable
Test Run
Pilot Test
Post Hoc Test
T- Test
Age
Nationality
Test score
Income
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Invoicing irregularities
Avoiding legal liability
Misrepresenting results
None of the given options
Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
External validity
Internal reliability
External reliability
Internal validity
Construct
Internal
External
Causal
Leadership.
Total Quality Management.
Human Resource Management.
All of the given options
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Experimental Method
Scientific Method
In order
In discrete categories
Units of equal distance
Data where there is a true zero
Closed-ended
Open-ended
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Experimental Method
Scientific Method
Research solution
Logic and arguments
Reasoning
When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the
consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.
Perceptions
Theory
Sensory experience
Logics and arguments
Note taking
Videotaping
Audiotaping
Writing notes after the interview
Unambiguous meanings
Vague meanings
Clear meanings
Dictionary meanings
Age
Nationality
Test score
Income
Cumulative
Deterministic
Unethical
Rationalism
Inter-rater reliability
Construct validity
Internal validity
Test-retest reliability
Perceptions
Theory
Sensory experience
Logics and arguments
Inventory of variables
Inventory of propositions
Arrangement of propositions
Schematic diagram
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the
consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.
Telephonic interview
Personal interview
Unstructured interview
Structured interview
An Internet survey
Telephone interviews
A mail survey
Focus groups
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
Response set
Response rate
Response bias
Respondents
To accumulate responses
To identify respondent
To identify potential problems
To evaluate the research
Mean
Range
Percentile
Mode
Respondent bias
Position bias
Applied
Interview
Basic
Stupid
It is ethical.
It can be investigated through the collection and analysis of data.
It focuses on a philosophical or ethical issue.
It is theoretically or practically significant.
Reactions of Respondents
Discovering errors in the instrument
Sampling procedure can be checked
All of the given options
planning
clear writing
good writing
All of the given option
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis
Fieldworkers
Researchers
Research assistants
None of the given options
Unambiguous
Vague
Clear
Dictionary
The future
The lottery result
The frequency of the effect
The direction of the effect
Ordinary data
Well behaved data
Ranked data
Numbers
They are more concerned with publishing the results of their reliability tests.
They do not believe that this is an appropriate goal to be striving for.
They keep forgetting which of the variables they have manipulated.
They tend to use cross-sectional designs, which produce only correlations.
Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported
Unambiguous
Vague
Clear
Dictionary
Help you find out what is already known about this area.
Identify any inconsistencies or gaps in the literature.
Tradition
Inductive logic
Deductive logic
The scientific method
Tables
People
Books
Weight
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory
Mail
Recorded Interview
Focus group
Telephone
A class of objects
Attributes
Occurrences
All of the given options
planning
clear writing
good writing
All of the given option
Review of literature
Focus group discussion
Making research question
Seek out the informants
Leadership.
Total Quality Management.
Human Resource Management.
All of the given options
Identify a topic.
Describe the procedures to collect information.
Analyze the collected information.
State the results of the data analysis.
Ordinary data
Well behaved data
Calculate statistics
Understand relationships between variables
Obtain the distribution of responses for each question
Create tables which display the survey results
High
Moderate
Low
Nil
People are not likely to be able to stop once they have begun participating.
Informed consent cannot be completely monitored.
Debriefing could be avoided.
Privacy could be invaded.
External validity
Internal reliability
External reliability
Internal validity
Absence of relationship
Existence of relationship
The direction of relationship
Casual relationship
Invoicing irregularities
Avoiding legal liability
Misrepresenting results
None of the given options
Respondent bias
Position bias
Non-response bias
Instrument bias
It produces the same result when it is given at different times to the same group of
people
It produces the same result no matter which version of the test is used
It measures what it is supposed to measure
All of the questions on it can be answered accurately by the subject
Construct
Internal
External
Causal
Question content
Question wording
Response strategy
All of the given options
Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported
Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Business research
Grounded theory
Lying
Social desirability bias
Faulty memory
All of the given options
Test-retest reliability
Cronbach's alpha
Split-half reliability
Inter item ratio
Closed-ended
Open-ended
Structured
Semi structured
Theory
Conclusion
Hypothesis
Summary of the data
Response set
Response rate
Response bias
Respondents
Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental
The future
The lottery result
The frequency of the effect
The direction of the effect
Note taking
Videotaping
Audiotaping
Writing notes after the interview
Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis