NOT

10
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Agri-Fishery Arts
Animal Production
Raising Small Ruminants
Quarter 2 - Module 1:
Constructing Comfortable Housing
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Technology and Livelihood Education Grade 10
Agri-Fishery Arts - Animal Production (Raising Small Ruminants)
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 - Module 1: Constructing Comfortable Housing
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency
or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for
profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment
of royalty.

Borrowed materials (i.e., pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included
in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted
to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright
owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education - Division of Bukidnon

Development Team of the Module

Author: Eunice G. Ramay

Editors: Helen N. Ybañez, Dioscoro B. Doydora, Estrellita D. Bahalla
Reviewer: Mary Jane R. Cardente, PhD
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Kristine G. Ramay, Eunice G. Ramay

Management Team
Chairperson: Arturo B. Bayocot, PhD, CESO III
Regional Director

Co-Chairpersons: Victor G. De Gracia Jr., PhD, CESO V

Assistant Regional Director

Randolph B. Tortola, PhD, CESO IV

Schools Division Superintendent
Lanila M. Palapar, PhD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Audie S. Borres, PhD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Marie Emerald A. Cabigas, PhD, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Members: Elbert R. Francisco, PhD., Chief ES, CID
Mary Jane R. Cardente, PhD, EPS in TLE
Rejynne Mary L. Ruiz, PhD, LRMDS Manager
Jeny B. Timbal, PDO II
Shella O. Bolasco, Division Librarian II
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education - Division of Bukidnon FAIR USE AND CONTENT DISCLAIMER: This SLM (Self
Office Address: Fortich Street, Sumpong, Learning Module) is for educational purposes only. Borrowed
Malaybalay City, Bukidnon materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
Telefax/Telephone: (088) 813-3634 names, trademarks, etc.) included in these modules are
E-mail Address: bukidnon@deped.gov.ph owned by their respective copyright holders. The publisher
Website: depedbukidnon.net.ph and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Sincerest appreciation to those who have made significant
contributions to these modules.
 10
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Agri-Fishery Arts
Animal Production
Raising Small Ruminants
Quarter 2 - Module 1:
Constructing Comfortable Housing

This module was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators

from public schools. We encourage teachers and other education stake holders to
email their feedback, comments and recommendations to the Department of
Education at bukidnon@deped,gov.ph

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Lesson

1 Site Selection

Overview
This module was written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the
competencies of raising small ruminants. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary levels of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbooks you are now using. This module provides the
necessary information and activities to enrich your knowledge and skills in the site
selection, specifically the competency, constructing comfortable housing.

In animal raising, construction of comfortable housing is necessary to have

good production while considering its location. Proper management comes with
gaining return of investment.

Objectives

After going through this module, you are expected do the following:

1. Identify the factors considered in site selection;

2. Select the ideal site for construction; and
3. Appreciate the value of site selection

Pre-Assessment

Multiple Choice

Directions: Read and analyze the statements or questions. Choose the

letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. It refers to the elevation of the area of the project where it is situated.

A. site
B. location
C. topography
D. vegetation

1
 2. Which should be considered by farm raisers in selecting a site that is
accessible by vehicle?
A. location
B. peace and order
C. transportation
D. distance from the market

3. Which factor is needed for cleaning, washing, and drinking purposes?

A. location
B. transportation
C. peace and order
D. water supply

4. Which of the following factors should be considered in selecting a

neighboring community?
A. site
B. peace and order
C. water supply
D. transportation

5. Which of the following is considered essential in selecting the site

location?
A. drainage
B. climatic condition
C. wind direction
D. all of the above

Prior Knowledge

In the previous quarter, you have learned the lesson or competency

on selecting and managing breeder goats and sheep. Different activities were
lined up to let you master the skills and apply these when raising ruminant
animals. Now, you are ready to tackle the lesson for this module. Activities are
prepared for you for the master the next competency on constructing
comfortable housing, specifically, the lesson discussed in this module: site
selection.

Presentation
The new lesson that you have to study this time is about site selection.
Selecting the site is important when raising small ruminants. It is contributory to
improved animal production. However, before knowing the details of information
regarding this topic, answer first what is asked below.
2
Directions: Answer the questions and write your answers on another sheet of paper.

1. Give the different factors in site selection.

Concept Development

Small Ruminants

Ruminants are special class of herbivore that occupy a unique and critically
important niche in the food chain. Small ruminants are widely distributed and are of
great importance as major source of livelihood of small farmers.

Goats and sheep are small ruminants which have the same care
management. Both can be raised in different environmental conditions. They can be
enclosed or raised in an open environment.

Site Selection

A suitable location is the main factor for starting a goat farm. The chosen area
should contain all types of necessary facilities for the goats. It is important to select a
location where a project will be developed. This is an essential aspect to be
considered by farmers / raisers to ensure good return of investment in raising small
ruminants. Generally, a productive goat farm produces more in warm areas that are
well drained and has favorable temperature and space. Goats love to roam around.
So, a bigger lawn is necessary. A village area that is far from the city is very suitable
for goat and sheep farming.

Factors to Consider in Site Selection

1. Drainage
The area should be slightly sloped to prevent severe waterlogging.

2. Wind Direction
It should be protected from the direction of strong winds. The open side of
the shelter should face the south away from the prevailing wind.

3. Climatic Factors
These consider the temperature and rainfall.

4. Topography
It considers the elevation of the area. The area must be slightly sloping,
has good drainage system and must be safe from strong winds and typhoons.

3
5. Water Supply
The site should be located where there is a good supply of potable water.
Water is the most essential aspect to consider in selecting farm location, the most
basic need in goat farm raising.

6. Transportation
It is the accessibility of the project from farm to market. It is accessible for
the vehicles to enter.

7. Peace and Order

A community where there is peace and order is also considered a good
factor.

8. Types of Soil
The soil should be light and sandy. Goats and sheep cannot adopt to
moistened soil.

9. Distance from Community

It should be far from the neighborhood considering the foul odor and flies
that affect the community.

10. Distance from Farm to Market

It is advantageous to the farm owners if the farm is not too far from the
market considering the cost that is added to the expenses. Also, it is to avoid
injury and death of the goats and sheep on the way to the market.

Activities

Directions: Fill up each box with different factors in site selection. Transfer
your answers on another sheet of paper

4
 Assessment

Directions: Explain briefly and concisely the following terms listed below.
Write your answers on another sheet of paper.

1. Wind Direction 4. Water Supply

2. Climatic Factors 5. Transportation
3. Topography

Application
Paint Me a Picture!

Directions: In this activity, you will draw your own site location for goat / sheep
house that is more appropriate in the present weather condition.

Rubrics for Drawing

Student’s Name: _______________________________________________

Components Mastery Accomplished Unacceptable Score

10-9 8-7 6-0
Basic Skills Drawing exhibits Drawing contains Drawing lacks
attention to details many strong details.
and a variety of elements that need
drawing t further refinement
techniques and fine tuning.
Shading Shading is well Drawing is shaded Shading is not
done with define but needs few complete or not
attention to finishing touches. present at all.
details.
Layout / Layout and The drawing has Elements of the
Proportion proportion are few areas that drawing are out
properly need further of place and
sketched. refinement. out of
proportion.
5
Generalization / Synthesis
Goats and sheep are popularly raised by small scale farmers. Given their
size, they are easier to raise than large ruminants. Raising small ruminants entails
small initial investments with corresponding small risk of loss.

Post-Assessment
Multiple Choice

Directions: Read and analyze the statements or questions. Choose the letter of
the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. It refers to the elevation of the area of the project where it is situated.

A. site
B. location
C. topography
D. vegetation

2. Which should be considered by farm raisers in selecting a site that is

accessible by vehicle?
A. location
B. peace and order
C. transportation
D. distance from the market

3. Which factor is needed for cleaning, washing, and drinking purposes?

A. location
B. transportation
C. peace and order
D. water supply

4. Which of the following factors should be considered in selecting a

neighboring community?
A. site
B. peace and order
C. water supply
D. transportation

6
5. Goat house should be located in an area in the farm where it is _______.
a. not accessible
b. not protected by natural wind breaker
c. easily supplied with potable water
d. hilly

6. Both can be raised in different environmental conditions.

a. beef and cattle
b. swine and poultry
c. goat and sheep
d. oyster and shrimp

7. Why is site selection essential in goat and sheep farming?

A. to ensure good return of investment and avoid problems in the
community
b. to have a nice view
c. to have a favorable condition
d. It is the ordinance of the community.

8. ______ is a versatile animal. It is known as a poor man’s cow.

a. Cattle
b. Beef
c. Goat
d. Sheep

9. Goats and sheep are termed as ______ because of their size and
appearance.
A. large ruminants
B. small ruminants
C. small scale animals
D. large scale animals

10. Which of the following factors is described when a project is protected from
the direction of a strong wind?
a. climatic factors
b. wind direction
c. temperature
d. site

7
 Lesson

2 Housing of Small Ruminants

Overview
This lesson deals on housing of small ruminants. Activities are provided as
you go through the discussion to help you master the competencies in animal
raising, specifically housing of small ruminants. The scope of this module permits it
to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary levels of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbooks you are now using. This module provides
the necessary information and activities to enrich your knowledge and skills in
housing of small ruminants, specifically the competency, constructing comfortable
housing.

Construction of comfortable housing for small ruminants is highly important

because it is where goats and sheep become more productive, thus, resulting to a
gainful animal raising business.

Objectives

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

1. Explain the importance of providing proper housing;

2. Identify locally found materials needed in the project;
3. Appreciate the value of providing shelter.

Pre-Assessment

Multiple Choice

Directions: Read and analyze the statements or questions. Choose the

letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. The following are used as flooring materials for small scale goat house
except ______.
a. cogon
b. bamboo shoots
c. wood
8
 d. gravel floors

2. In constructing a goat house, nipa is mainly used as a ______.

a. post
b. partition
c. roof
d. siding

3. Why is concrete post more preferable to use than the wooden one in
commercial scale farming?
a. It provides durability.
b. It is the choice of the owner.
c. It facilitates proper ventilation.
d. It protects the building from soil-borne organisms.

4. Which part of the house that holds hay for feeding?

a. water trough
b. feeding trough
c. pen
d. post

5. A part of the house that is made of wooden slatted is ______.

a. fence
b. hay barn
c. floor
d. pen

6. It provides warmth, insulation, and comfort to the house.

a. hay
b. bedding
c. wood
d. bamboo

7. The following are types of bedding except ______.

a. straw
b. hay
c. dried corn stalks
d. mud

8. Why is there a need to have a strong fence?

a. to avoid the goat from getting out
b. to protect the goat from bad climate
c. to avoid the thief from entering
d. all of the above
9
 9. The following describe a good house except ______.
a. rain proof
b. damp proof
c. Slats are compressed from droppings.
d. well ventilated

10. The following are the things to consider in building a goat shelter except
______.
a. flooring
b. bedding
c. fencing
d. location

Prior Knowledge

In the previous lesson, the selection of site location was discussed.

Varied activities were lined up to let you acquire the necessary skills leading
to mastery of the competency. Further, the knowledge you gained can
enhance or develop your potential in addition to the new lesson discussed in
this module.

Presentation
In this section, the topic: housing of small ruminants is discussed, specifically
on how to keep the goats / sheep safe by providing them with perfect shelter.

Concept Development

Housing plays a very important role in the goat farming business. Although
goats do not require too much, they will live comfortably if the basic housing
demands are met. Even a simple shelter will be sufficient for housing them. Goats
really hate cold and water. So, consider this while making a house or shelter for
them.

Goats and sheep are raised whether for meat or milk purposes and must be
protected from the elements such as wind, rain and heat. A simple shed that is made
of low-cost materials in dry areas is enough to produce efficiently.

Shed is necessary to protect the goats from the sun, water, cold weather,
dogs and other animals at night and theft. Sheds built above the ground is good for
appropriate management of dung of goats, which will help to control infections and
non-infectious diseases. It is also easy for management of goat feeding by farmers.

10
 A good goat house will help the caretaker / farmer keep the goats easier. A
good goat house should be

 rain proof
 damp proof
 well ventilated
 free from direct wind
 free from sharp objects that might injure the goat
 pest and wild animal proof
 slats on the floor for free fall droppings
 with an area of at least 2 meters per animal

If you build a goat house like the one shown, you will:

 notice that animals do not get sick very often

 make sure that only the animals you want to breed do so
 make it very easy to feed
 stop wasting feeds
 save the goats from wasting energy
 keep the goat’s feet dry and clean all the time

11
 A shelter is needed to avoid the harsh condition of the environment. A well
ventilated, clean and dry shelter helps the animals to stay healthy. It can be made
from low and high-cost materials. However, it is beneficial to construct a goat shed
from locally available materials to avoid the high-cost materials. These facilities
differ according to the system of management and climatic condition. A suitable goat
shelter should be well lit with natural lighting and have adequate ventilation, but it
needs to be free from breezes, particularly at ground level.

Similarly, you need to have a storage where you can keep the goats’ feeds
and care tools. So, some of the things to consider when deciding to build a goat
shelter include:

1. Flooring

Gravel floors are the best option for goats although some people prefer wood.
The dirt in the gravel absorbs urine and when the gravel is covered with straw, it
helps keep the goats warm.

Sheds with mud floor may be suitable except in places where high rainfall is
observed. The shelter should be constructed in an elevated or slightly slanting area
to prevent water and urine stagnation. This also helps with drainage in your shed
which is good to counteract any buildup of smells and urine.

2. Bedding

Regardless of type of flooring, you need to use some sort of beddings for
warmth and comfort.

If you use a concrete floor, make sure to put down three to four inches of saw
dust to insulate the goats with enough warmth while they sleep.

3. Fencing

Goats are notorious in getting out of enclosures. So, you need an enclosed
shelter that has a considerably strong fencing to protect them from bad climate.

Main Areas of the Goat House

The two main areas of the goat house are the sleeping and feeding areas.

1. Sleeping area

 It has walls around with a door.

 It must be roofed.
 It is well ventilated.
12
2. Feeding Area

 It is open.
 It has fence around with a door.
 It has feed trough / water area.
 There is place for hanging fodder (feed racks).
 The floor should have slats to let the manure fall through and should keep
the feet and animals clean and dry.
 Place a hang mineral block (a place where it will not be wet because of the
rain).

Parts of the Goat House

1. Floor

 A slatted wooden floor is very important. This has small gaps.

 Use of local materials means you can use off cut planks.
 The floor racks made of rafters should be put where the goats feed and
sleep.

2. Feed Trough

 It is made with rafters; it must be easy to clean.

 Floor of trough can be made of off cuts.
 It can hold the hay.

3. Water Trough

 A 5-liter can should be hung on the door of the sleeping room.

 The door should have a small window so that the goats can have access
to water day and night.

4. Kid Pen

 Kid pen should be for at least 6 kids.

 Half of the area is for the 4 does, i.e., 4 square meters.

5. Hay Barn / Store

 To store fodder for use during the dry season, build a store adjacent to the
goat house that is roofed to avoid the hay from being rained.

13
6. Mineral Trough
 It should be made where the goats sleep.
 A one-foot square box is ideal for the purpose. A halved long ways plastic
container nailed to a board at least 1 foot wide can be useful.
 Or just hang the salt so, the goat has to reach for it.

Activities

Say It Artsy!

Directions: Describe the housing needs for goats including space, feeds
and general equipment.

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.

Assessment

Directions: Identify the parts of the pictures below. Write your answers on
another sheet of paper.

1.

2.

3.

4.

14
Application
Directions: Make a sketch of your own comfortable goat house.

Rubrics for Drawing

Components Mastery Accomplished Unacceptable Score

10-9 8-7 6-0
Basic Skills Drawing exhibits Drawing contains Drawing lacks
attention to many strong details.
details and a elements that
variety of need further
drawing refinement and
techniques. fine tuning.
Shading Shading is well Drawing is shaded Shading is not
done with but needs few complete or
defined attention finishing touches. not present at
to details. all.
Layout / Layout and The drawing has Elements of
Proportion proportion are few areas that the drawing
properly need further are out of
sketched. refinement. place and out
of proportion.

Generalization / Synthesis
The type of goat and sheep houses is based on the prevailing system of
production and husbandry. Unlike other livestock, goats prefer to stay on elevated
places like benches, steps of houses, and piled lumber. Regardless of the types,
goat houses must be well-ventilated, well-drained, and easy to clean. The materials
to be used must be suitable to local conditions, depend upon the availability of
materials in the locality, and financial capability of the raiser. Nevertheless, it should
15
be recognized that a good goat house must be able to serve the basic purpose for
which it is built.

Post-Assessment
Multiple Choice

Directions: Read and analyze the statements. Choose the letter of the best
answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The following are used as flooring materials for small scale goat house except
______.
a. cogon
b. bamboo shoots
C. wood
D. gravel floors

2. In constructing a goat house, nipa is mainly used as a ______.

a. post
b. partition
c. roof
d. siding

3. Why is concrete post more preferable to use than the wooden one in
commercial scale farming?
a. It provides durability.
b. It is the choice of the owner.
c. It facilitates proper ventilation.
d. It protects the building from soil-borne organisms.

4. Which part of the house that holds hay for feeding?

a. water trough
b. feeding trough
c. pen
d. post

5. A part of the house that is made of wooden slatted is ______.

a. fence
b. hay barn
c. floor
d. pen

16
6. It provides warmth, insulation and comfort to the house.
a. hay
b. bedding
c. wood
d. bamboo

7. The following are types of bedding except ______.

a. straw
b. hay
c. dried corn stalks
d. mud

8. Why is there a need to have a strong fence?

a. to avoid the goat from getting out
b. to protect the goat from bad climate
c. to avoid the thief from entering
d. all of the above

9. The following describe a good house except ______.

a. rain proof
b. damp proof
c. Slats are compressed from droppings.
d. well ventilated

10. The following are the things to consider in building a goat shelter except
______.
a. flooring
b. bedding
c. fencing
d. location

17
 Lesson
Space Requirements for
3 Small Ruminants

Overview
In animal raising, housing is one of the factors to consider to make the
business productive. Aside from its construction, the space requirements for small
ruminants are some key points that goat raisers have to look into.

This lesson focuses its contents on the details about space requirements for
small ruminants. As you delve into this topic, varied activities are included to help
you develop the skills and gain the information needed in starting the new venture of
the animal farming industry. Moreover, the knowledge that you can get and skills
acquired are very useful for family livelihood and improving the country’s economy.

Objectives

After going through this lesson, you are expected to do the following:

1. Identify locally found materials needed in the construction;

2. Explain the importance of proper housing for the animals;
3. Construct a simple house for small ruminants; and
4. Appreciate the value of providing a shed for animals.

Pre-Assessment

Multiple Choice

Directions: Read and analyze the statements. Choose the letter of the best
answer. Write the chosen letter on another sheet of paper.

1. Why is elevated flooring required when constructing a house for goats?

a. It is the decision of the owner.
b. It is more economical in nature.
c. It facilitates the cleaning of manure.
d. It is an ordinance from the municipality.

18
 2. What is the floor space per adult goat?
a. 15-20 square feet
b. 20-25 square feet
c. 25-30 square feet
d. 30-35 square feet

3. The following are used as roofing materials for small scale goat house
except ______.
a. anahaw
b. cogon
c. galvanized iron
d. nipa

4. What is the floor space for breeding female (doe)?

a. 1.0 square meters
b. 1.5 square meters
c. 2.0 square meters
d. 2.5 square meters

5. In constructing a goat house, bamboo is mainly used as a ______.

a. partition
b. post
c. roof
d. siding

Prior Knowledge

In the previous module, you have learned the lesson or competency on

selecting and managing breeder goats and sheep. Different activities were indicated
to let you master the skills. Since you have already acquired the skills in the previous
lesson, now you are ready to tackle the new challenges for the next topic found in
this module. There are also activities that you need to accomplish for mastery of the
concepts for the competency: constructing comfortable housing.

Presentation
The new lesson that you have to study this time is about space requirements
for small ruminants. You will learn the concepts, principles or guidelines in building a
house considering the space requirements for goats or sheep.

19
 Concept Development

Sheep’s House

When confined to a building, a bred ewe requires 12 to 16 square feet of pen

space. Lambing pens should be 16 to 25 square feet in size. In group housing, an
ewe with her lambs needs 16 to 20 square feet. Feeder lambs need 8 to 10 square
feet.

Less space is required if the sheep is raised on slatted floors or if it has

access to an exercise area or pasture. Shearing before housing allows the stocking
rate in the barn to be increased up to 20 %.

Goat’s House

In building a house for goats, always think of their comfort. Ensure that goats
live comfortably inside their house, which is suitable enough to keep them free from
adverse weather and all types of predators.

Required Space for Goats

In accordance with the increasing body size and weight of goats, they require
more space. A house of 1.8 meters x 1.8 meters x 2.5 meters (5.5 ft. x 5.5 ft. x 8.5
ft). is suitable enough for housing 10 small goats. Every adult goat needs about 0.75
meter x 4.5 meters x 4.8 meters housing space. Every billy goat needs 2.4 meters x
1.8 meters housing space. It is good if you can keep the nursing and pregnant goats
separately. You can extend or decrease the area of a goat’s house according to the
number of goats in your farm. But keep in mind that every goat needs its required
space for proper growing and better production.

Housing Specifications

Use indigenous materials available in the locality such as round lumber,

bamboo and cogon or nipa.

1. Provide at least 15-20 sq. ft. of floor space per adult goat. A separate housing
is provided for the buck.

2. Raise the floor at least 3 feet above the ground to facilitate cleaning and
removal of manure.

20
 3. Do not nail the floor boards or slats closely; provide slits between the boards so
that the manure can fall through them. This will keep the flooring clean and dry.

4. The house should be well-ventilated. The wall around the house can be made of
bamboo slats spaced 44 inches apart.

5. Provide a sack cover on the wind side of the house. This can be rolled up when
not needed.

Note: For two does and one buck raised together, the size of the goat house
will be 6 ft. x 8 ft.

Ipil-ipil. Remove the bark. Soak the lumber in running water (river / stream) for 3
days to dissolve the carbohydrate content of the wood. Dry.

Bamboo. Mix 1-part crude oil and 2 parts kerosene. Paint this mixture on the split
bamboo and season (sun-dry) for 4-7 days. Bamboo is more durable when
harvested at the right time (mature, light green or yellow in color). Cut
before the onset of the growing season, before the young shoots appear.

Feeding Facilities

Provide the goat house with the following facilities:

1. Fodder Rack. Elevate the feeder 1 1/2 ft. above the floor and attach it to the goat
house from outside.

2. Water Container. Plastic basins or pails can serve the purpose. Place this
outside of the pen to avoid contamination with urine or manure.

3. Salt Container. A bamboo tube with 2 or more slits at the bottom can serve as
container for the ordinary table salt for the goats to lick. Hang the bamboo tube
inside the house.

4. Hay Rack. Store the fodder / forage in the hay rack under a shade or shed
adjacent to the goat house.
Source: nzdl.org

21
Table 1. Recommended floor space area for goats at different ages

Category Floor Space (m2)

Breeding female (doe) 1.5
Breeding male (buck) 2.0
Young stock (up to one-year old kid) 1.0

Recommended Housing Space (Square feet) for Sheep and Lambs

Confinement Confinement
. Dirt Lot Open Shed
(Dirt Floor) (Slatted Floors)
Bred Ewe 20 8 12-16 8-10
Ewe with Lambs 25 12 16-20 10-12
Ram 20 8 20-30 14-20
Feeder Lamb 15-20 6 8-10 4-6
Source: Midwest Plan Service, Sheep Housing and Equipment Handbook, 1982

General Flock Shed (Ewe / Doe Shed) 

The flock shed shall be used for housing ewes or does kept for breeding
purposes.

 The shed shall be 15 m. (l) x 4 m. (w) x 3 m. (h) and can accommodate not
more than 60 ewes or does.
 The shed should be three-meter high and should have brick-on-edge floor.
 In low lying and heavy rainfall areas, the floors should preferably be
elevated and in temperate regions. They may be made of strong wood.

Ram / Buck Shed

 Rams or bucks kept for breeding purposes are housed individually in these
sheds. Alternatively, wooden partitions can be raised in bigger shed to
partition stalls.
 The dimension is of 4 m. (l) x 2.5 m. (w) x 3 m. (h) and can accommodate
about 3 rams / bucks.
 The shed shall be partitioned lengthwise to form three equal
compartments.
 The partition between each shed should not exceed one meter.
22
  The partition may be either made of wooden planks or half-cut ballis.
 The partition shall be not more than one-meter high from the floor.

Lambing / Kidding Shed

 These sheds shall be used as maternity rooms for pregnant ewes or does
which are housed individually in these sheds.
 The shed shall be 1.5 m. (l) x 1.2 m. (w) x 3.0 m. (h). A manger for holding
feeds and hay and a bucket for keeping water shall be provided in the
shed.
 These sheds shall be made drought-free.
 In cold climates, some warming device like a room heater shall be fixed in
maternity pens so that the new borns are protected from cold during
winter.

Dry Does and Doeling Pen

This is a pen intended for non-lactating female does or a female that has
farrowed before and stopped, and for female goat under 1 year old.

Grower Pen

This accommodates all the male and female goats weaned at three (3)
months old. If the male goats have not been castrated before weaning, they should
be separated from the others to avoid untimely breeding.

Sick Animal Shed

 There shall be a sick animal shed for segregating ailing and disabled
animals.

 Away from the other sheds, one or more sick animal sheds may be
constructed with a dimension of 3 m. (l) x 2 m. (w) x 3 m. (h).

 The lower half of the door may be made of wooden planks and the upper
half is made of wire-netting.

 There should also be a window of 0.7 m. broad and 1.2 m. high with a wire
net covering.
 23

Roof Designs

 The roof may be made gabled.

 The roofing material may be either plain or corrugated galvanized steel or
asbestos cement sheets. When the rainfall is not heavy, it may be of
thatch.
 A goat house with a 2-3 meters high roof from the floor and sloping to 1.5
meters behind is suggested.
 Indigenous roofing materials, such as anahaw, nipa, or cogon leaves may
be used.
 The open-roof type (monitor type) is recommended.

Under Philippine condition, open roof type is recommended. This type of roof
allows the air flow inside the house. A good ventilation is required to avoid build-up
of foul odor from its waste product.

Activities

Directions: Make a sketch of your own goat facilities which include barn(s),
pen(s), fence(s), and loading and unloading areas.
 24

Assessment

Multiple Choice

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen
letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It is a type of pen which is intended for non-lactating female.

a. dry does and doeling pen
b. grower pen
c. sick pen
d. lambing / kidding shed

2. A type of shed that is intended for breeding is ______.

a. grower pen
b. sick pen
c. ram / buck shed
d. doeling pen

3. This shed is used for maternity rooms for pregnant ewe or doe.
a. lambing / kidding shed
b. ram / buck shed
c. grower pen
d. dry does and doeling pen

4. What is the space requirement for feeder lamb in dirt lot?

a. 10-15 sq. ft.
b. 15-20 sq. ft.
c. 20-25 sq. ft.
d. 25-30 sq. ft.

5. Why must the goat house be well ventilated?

a. to allow the airflow inside the house
b. to avoid foul odor from the waste
c. to have a comfortable house
d. all of the above
 25

Application
Let’s Go on a Field Trip!

Directions: Visit a goat project farm in your place. Inspect the farm if it has the
facilities. Check the following items if it is fully operational or needs to
be repaired:

Roof Feeders Slabs Slatted Brooder Waterer

Flooring Boxes
Fully
Operational
Needs
Repair

Generalization / Synthesis
The estimation of the total floor area of the goat houses should be based on
the number of breeding females and their reproductive parameters. These include
conception rate of 80 %, kidding interval of eight months (or 1.5 kidding per year); an
average kidding size of 1.5 kids per kidding; a disposal age of one year for grower
animals; an annual replacement rate of 20 % for female breeder; and 80 % livability
rate up to one year of age. However, the idea of possible expansion should also be
considered in the layout of the goat house.

Post-Assessment
Multiple Choice

Directions: Read and analyze the statements or questions. Choose the letter of the
best answer. Write your answers on another sheet of paper.

1. Why is elevated flooring required when constructing a house for goats?

a. It is the decision of the owner.
b. It is more economical in nature.
c. It facilitates the cleaning of manure.
d. It is an ordinance from the municipality.
 26

2. What is the floor space per adult goat?

a. 15-20 square feet
b. 20-25 square feet
c. 25-30 square feet
d. 30-35 square feet

3. The following are used as roofing materials for small scale goat house except
______.
a. anahaw
b. cogon
c. galvanized iron
d. nipa

4. What is the floor space for breeding female (doe)?

a. 1.0 m2
b. 1.5 m2
c. 2.0 m2
d. 2.5 m2

5. In constructing a goat house, bamboo is mainly used as a ______.

a. partition
b. post
c. roof
d. siding

6. What is the recommended space for ram in slatted floor?

a. 8-10 square feet
b. 10-12 square feet
c. 14-20 square feet
d. 20-25 square feet

7. What is the recommended housing space for bred ewe in open shed?
a. 6 square feet
b. 8 square feet
c. 10 square feet
d. 12 square feet

8. How many goats can occupy a space of 1.8 m. x 1.8 m. x 2.5 m.?
a. 5
b. 10
c. 15
d. 20
 27

9. These are materials which are cut into halves that hold water for the
animals to drink in.
a. feeders
b. boxes
c. racks
d. pails or drums

10. What is the main function of a ram / buck shed?

a. for breeding
b. for maternity
c. for sick animals
d. for non-lactating females

Answer Key

28
References
https://www.jica.go.jp/nepal/english/office/others/c8h0vm0000bjww96-att/tm7.pdf.

https://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/download.php?id=218.

https://www.nal.usda.gov/topics/sheep-goats-and-small-ruminants.

www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/sheep_illus.html.

https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Farming/How-to-construct-best-goat-shelter/
689860-4192748-format-xhtml-m1eydu/index.html.

https://www.farmafrica.org/downloads/resources/FARM-Africa%20Dairy%20Goat
%20Production%20Handbook.pdf.

https://www.roysfarm.com/starting-a-goat-farm/.

http://www.fao.org/3/ah221e/AH221E18.htm.

https://www.intechopen.com/books/goat-science/goat-system-productions-
advantages-and-disadvantages-to-the-animal-environment-and-farmer.

https://www.scribd.com/document/164851874/Drawing-Rubrics-General.

For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Division of Bukidnon

Office Address: Fortich Street, Sumpong, Malaybalay City, Bukidnon
Telefax/Telephone: (088) 813-3634
E-mail Address: bukidnon@deped.gov.ph
Website: depedbukidnon.net.ph

29