CFMUN

POSITION PAPER

NAME: Juanita Galvis Vélez.

COMMISSION: Security Council (SC)
COUNTRY: Kenya.

PART I: GENERAL INFORMATION

Official
Name:Republic of Kenya.

Head of State: Uhuru Kenyatta.

Government system: The Republic of Kenya is a unitary State divided into 47 counties which
lead the country, along with the national government. Kenya’s political governance has
evolved overtime with a mix of one party and multi-party system. It had elements of a multi-
party state until 1969, this system prevents that a single party controls a single legislative
chamber without challenge, the government of Kenya first banned active multi-party politics
making Kenya a de facto one-party state in 1969, where one political party has the right to
form the government based on the existing constitution. And all other parties are allowed to
take only a limited participation in elections.
Parliamentary politics in Kenya is open, free, fair and highly competitive field. Kenya has
indeed held all its general elections - presidential, parliamentary, and local authorities every 5
years as required by the Constitution.
On March 4, 2013, Kenya held its first general election, under the new constitution, Uhuru
Muigai Kenyatta was elected as the fourth President of the Republic of Kenya with William

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Samoei Ruto as His Deputy. Both President Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta and Deputy President,
William Samoei Ruto were re-elected for the second time under the new constitution on 26th
October 2017 and the two will remain in office until the next General election expected to be
held in August 2022.

Population: 54,685,051 (July 2021 est.)

Official language or languages: English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous

languages.

Major religions: Christian 85.5% (Protestant 33.4%, Catholic 20.6%, Evangelical 20.4%,
African Instituted Churches 7%, other Christian 4.1%), Muslim 10.9%, other 1.8%, none
1.6%, don't know/no answer 0.2% (2019 est.)

Major allies: Exports partners: Uganda 10.8%, Pakistan 10.6 %, US 8.1%, Netherlands
7.3%, UK 6.4%, Tanzania 4.8%, UAE 4.4.
Imports partners: China 22.5%, India 9.9%, UAE 8.7%, Saudi Arabia 5.1%, Japan 4.5%.

Gross domestic product: $4,330 (2019 est.)

Percentage of population below poverty line: 36.1%.

PART II: COUNTRY´S POSITION

AGENDA: Protection of civilians in belligerent conflicts, with emphasis on countering

human trafficking, child prostitution and treatment of victims.

The Kenyan delegation, as an active member of the African Commission on Human and
Peoples' Rights, has taken and intends to continue taking the measures established in the
commission, where it seeks to implement more security to protect the human rights of the
civilian population in armed conflicts.

One of these actions is to adopt a special mechanism supported by a team of experts to

monitor and investigate human rights violations that occur in conflict and crisis situations.
The mechanism will also be responsible for following up on the decisions and actions taken
by the Commission in such situations. Measures are also being implemented that seek to
prevent future conflicts where the rights of Kenyan citizens may be affected, starting with the
prosecution of the perpetrators of human trafficking, since it is one of the current problems in
the country due to the lack of services, Victim support services, such as care shelters and
counseling services, that must be provided by the state. This has led tax agencies to trust non-
governmental organizations and compromise prosecution, as well as causing psychological
harm to victims while they wait at police stations to testify against their traffickers. The
Kenyan government is doing everything possible to stop this situation and to ensure that all
victims have all the safety, help and protection necessary for their well-being and peace of
mind.

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Some of the actions that the Kenyan delegation has taken regarding the rights of civilians in
armed conflicts, many have been made possible thanks to the support of global organizations
such as the UN that have led and collectively worked with the Kenyan delegation to resolve
problems affecting the country. In January 2021, Kenya began its two-year mandate in the
United Nations Security Council, the country had not been part of this commission since
1998, but in this new mandate it is willing to reach peaceful agreements with the member
states of the commission to stop this great problem that many countries are going through and
is the violation of human rights in armed conflicts, and in this regard, the Kenyan president
mentioned in a meeting that took place earlier this year of the Security Council, that he will
support the Security Council, as well as UN partner agencies, to strengthen the capacity of
state institutions during post-conflict reconstruction. He also said that Kenya will support
measures aimed at strengthening the role of Africa and the Global South in the multilateral
system.

One of the many solutions that have been proposed to solve this problem and provide security
to civilians during armed conflicts is sanctions, and the Kenyan delegation believes that
disciplinary sanctions are the best way to hold States and armed groups accountable for its
irregularities and violations. of the human rights of people in armed conflicts. These penalties
may include a note to present, a warning, a demotion, or a dismissal, and may also involve
the assignment of additional duty or the removal of a soldier's weapons or uniform. These
sanctions are considered the most appropriate since they are capable of making the leader of a
group react in a timely manner to violations, and if criminal sanctions are taken in the middle
of a dispute between two groups, it would only generate more violence. That is why these
types of sanctions are not the most appropriate.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

 Government of Kenya - Kenya Embassy. The Government and the Political System |
KENYA Embassy of the Republic of Kenya in Japan.
http://www.kenyarep-jp.com/kenya/government_e.html .
 Central Intelligence Agency. The world factbook-Kenya. https://www.cia.gov/the-
world-factbook/countries/kenya/.
 Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC). Kenya (KEN) Exports, imports, and
Trade partners. https://oec.world/en/profile/country/ken .
 Tavolato.U. (ecfr.eu).Kenya on the security council: An opportunity for peace and
multilateralism.2021. https://ecfr.eu/article/kenya-on-the-security-council-an-
opportunity-for-peace-and-multilateralism/ .
 President Republic of Kenya. Presidency Aims of human trafficking holding
perpetrators accountable. 2021. https://www.president.go.ke/2021/01/06/kenya-will-
advance-a-four-point-agenda-at-the-un-security-council-president-kenyatta-says/

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  Kakah.M. The challenges Kenya faces in prosecuting human trafficking cases.2019.
https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/kenya-procedural-obstacles-in-
securing-justice-for-victims-of-human-trafficking-holding-perpetrators-accountable/ .
 La rosa.A.M- Wuerzner.C. Armed groups, sanctions and the implementation of
international humanitarian law.2008.
https://international-review.icrc.org/sites/default/files/irrc-870_9.pdf
 Banjul. Addressing human rights issues in conflicts situations. 2019.
https://www.achpr.org/public/Document/file/English/ACHPR%20Conflict
%20Study_ENG.pdf
 Marktstraat.Cordaid in Kenya.2021. https://www.cordaid.org/en/countries/kenya/?
gclid=Cj0KCQiA-
OeBBhDiARIsADyBcE5Bi9v6FYW8iLfe501dv0T7rnCjsMfzEEVfjg37dTHTUSBwicOH
Zt4aAs-GEALw_wcB

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 Opening speech.
KENYA.

Honorable Chair and fellow Delegates.

The protection of human rights is not often seen as an important strategic consideration when
dealing with conflict and crisis situations, and it is perhaps the most challenging perspective
in guaranteeing the rights of civilians, but it is where these are most perpetrated. So it is of
great urgency and necessity to find a solution and possible end to this problem that is
bringing more and more suffering to all humanity in the world.
The Kenyan delegation is willing to do whatever it takes to stop this violation of the rights
providing their citizens with all the necessary security and protection mechanisms that
guarantee respect for the rights of the people not only of Kenya, but of the whole world and
the delegations here today.

Thank you.