Judiciares of the United Kingdom

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Disciplina: Limba engleza

The judiciaries of the United Kingdom are the separate judiciaries of the three legal systems
in England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. The judges of the Supreme Court of the
United Kingdom, the Special Immigration Appeals Commission, Employment
Tribunals, Employment Appeal Tribunal and the UK tribunals system do have a United
Kingdom–wide jurisdiction but judgments only apply directly to the jurisdiction from which a
case originates as the same case points and principles do not inevitably apply in the other
jurisdictions. In employment law, employment tribunals and the Employment Appeal
Tribunal have jurisdiction in the whole of Great Britain (i.e., not in Northern Ireland).

Justices of the Supreme Court

The judges of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom are known as Justices of the Supreme
Court, and they are also Privy Counsellors. Justices of the Supreme Court are granted the
courtesy title Lord or Lady for life.
The Supreme Court is a relatively new Court being established in October 2009 following
the Constitutional Reform Act 2005. Formerly, the Highest Court of Appeal in the United
Kingdom was the House of Lords Appellate Committee made up of Lords of Appeal in
Ordinary, also known as Law Lords, which with other Lord Justices now form the Supreme
Court. It also took over devolution cases from the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. Such
Law Lords were allowed to sit in the House of Lords and we1re members for life.
The Supreme Court serves as the highest court of appeal for all cases in England and Wales and
in Northern Ireland, but only for civil cases in Scotland.  The High Court of Justiciary remains
the court of last resort in Scotland for criminal cases.[5]
The Supreme Court is headed by the President and Deputy President of the Supreme Court and is
composed of a further ten Justices of the Supreme Court.[citation needed]

1
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The Justices do not wear any gowns or wigs in court, but on ceremonial occasions they wear
black damask gowns with gold lace without a wig.

Tribunal Judiciary[
The UK tribunal system is part of the national system of administrative justice with tribunals
classed as non-departmental public bodies (NDPBs).  Though it has grown up on an ad hoc basis
since the beginning of the twentieth century, from 2007 reforms were put in place to build a
unified system with recognised judic2ial authority, routes of appeal and regulatory supervision,
and recognised legally qualified members of tribunals as members of the judiciary who are
guaranteed continued judicial independence. The UK tribunal system is headed by the Senior
President of Tribunals.

2
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