Q.1 There will be 5000 students and 200 employees working in the Axial.

Each employee and students

will be using their smart phones and Laptop to carry out their work. Beside these there will be printers,
projectors and phones which are wireless. The CEO of the organization required that there should be a
24 hours wireless connectivity without any lagging and at any circumstance the end-user’s device
should not get disconnected and without any signal fading. This is because the employee and students
will transit from one floor to another floor with some requirement or some time the students will sit in
a cafeteria and do their work. In this case they need a wireless Local area technology that can provide
them a continues connectivity and good coverage. What type of mobile and wireless technology you
will choose that will provide better connectivity without signal fading? Justify your choice of
technology by discussing at least FIVE (5) reasons to support your argument. 
Ans: WLAN stands for Wireless Local Area Network. It refers to a computer network that connects
two or more devices using wireless communication to form a Local Area Network. within a certain
area such as home , school , office etc.
Here , According to the scenario, The CEO of the organization required that there should be a 24 hours
wireless connectivity without any lagging and at any circumstance the end-user’s device should not get
disconnected and without any signal fading. This is because the employee and students will transit
from one floor to another floor with some requirement or some time the students will sit in a cafeteria
and do their work. In this case they need a wireless Local area technology that can provide them a
continues connectivity and good coverage. so to justify this statement I had explained it in below by
supporting WLAN technology for better connectivity by following ways:
i) Cost-Effective WLAN operation : Since ,the cost of implementing a WLAN is several times less
than that of wired Ethernet LANs. For example, the cost of a Wi-Fi®-compatible access point (AP) is
comparable to that of an Ethernet router. And when the cost of copper wiring is included in the
calculation, the cost of a WLAN deployment becomes considerably less than a wired LAN. In
addition, many in the industry predict that the rapidly decreasing cost differential between Laptop with
WLAN capabilities and those without it will soon lead to greater inclusion of WLAN technology
availability in most Laptops. The movement of the wired Ethernet market from 10Base-T Ethernet to
multi-mode 10/100Base-T technology demonstrates this point. When 100Base-T was first introduce,
few PC network interface cards (NICs) were ready with the technology because it had not been widely
deployed yet and the cost disparity between 10Base-T and 100Base-T was still important. But, as the
cost differential decline, the market migrated toward 10/100Base-T NICs even though 100Base-T
networks were not prevalent yet. With a small cost differential between 10Base-T and 10/100Base-T,
it was much easier to justify the purchase of 10/100 NIC cards over a 10Base-T card with a limited
future. In a similar way, users will begin to choose laptop with WLAN technology over those without
it. This will contribute to the greater proliferation of WLAN infrastructure, increasing the number of
users and further dropping the technology’s overall cost structure.

ii) Central intelligence can support dynamic operations: By concentrating intelligence within a
switch/appliance, hierarchical solutions provide a centralized view of an entire wireless network.
This allow easy policy (QoS, security, VLANs, etc.) creation and enforcement across thousands
of APs, lacking requiring individual AP management.

several hierarchical software solutions use dynamic RF intelligence to further decrease

management costs by adapting WLAN characteristics in real-time to ensure optimal coverage
and capacity. By creating a network that self-configures in real-time, network administrators are
relieve from the trouble of minute-by-minute WLAN monitor and protection.

A WLAN solution delivering active RF intelligence in real-time demands least in-house RF

expertise, requiring no expensive RF training or new administrative resources for network
support. Less intuitive wireless software solutions would require two new full-time staff
members to handle Untethered's daily WLAN management. A self-optimizing software solution
would require one half of a new resource . The intelligent software platform could save
Unlettered nearest to $150,000 in yearly salary costs 9, and tens of thousands of dollars in
training costs.

iii) LAN progression, not revolution: Wire-line networks have been around for a huge time.
They work, and corporations have invest significant amounts of time and funds into their
development. Therefore, WLANs must coexist with presented LAN infrastructures, not replace
them.

Hierarchical WLAN appliances enable IT staff to build a wireless network on top of existing
Ethernet LANs. Appliances connect to the back end of existing Ethernet switches providing RF
management, mobility and security functions to any APs connected to the switches due to which
it removes the need to restore existing wire-line switching functionality. In environments with
no wire-line switching with PoE, hierarchical switches can be used to deliver both wireless and
wire-line switching functionality. Furthermore, many hierarchical WLANs integrate with
existing corporate wire-line schemes includes quality of service, virtual LAN and security such
as IPsec etc.

Traditional WLANs also add into existing Ethernet LANs, by connecting fat APs directly to an
existing LAN switch. on the other hand, due to localized processing by fat APs, an IT
department requiring centralized network management capabilities is tied to a single wireless
vendor. on the contrary, hierarchical WLAN products can integrate into existing WLAN
deployments. Fat APs can also be manage by a hierarchical switch/appliance performing
software configuration, mobility management and power output, among other functions.

iv) A Simpler, Cleaner Networking Infrastructure : When a facility is wired for local area
networking as well as telephones, electricity and, the wiring closets and cabinets can become
hard to manage. A WLAN will not remove entirely the confusion that several spaghetti-like
wiring closets and cabinets cause those that are responsible for their repairs, but dropping one
wiring infrastructure will certainly aid networking personnel who frequently are faced with
tremendous challenges on a daily basis. Beside from improving the aesthetics of central and
intermediary wiring facilities, a WLAN infrastructure is much easier and simpler to sustain and
manage. A Note on WLAN Security From its very establishment, the technical standard that
defines the functionality of WLAN equipment and networks (called the 802.11 Standard of the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers [IEEE]), has included necessities for the security
of WLANs. These features were intended to protect two facets of wireless networking: first, the
security of sensitive data stored on a WLAN; and second, access to the wireless network. In view
of the fact that 1997, the security capabilities in the WLAN standard have been gathered under
the rubric of Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP). On behalf of the time when it was urbanized,
WEP was quite capable and provided protection against all but the most classy hackers using the
most advanced computer technology. Even very sophisticated hackers would need several days
of effort to break into a SOHO WLAN protected by WEP. And the security of enterprise
deployments of WLAN technology was usually supplemented by proprietary security
applications intended to protect virtual private networks (VPNs) and other sorts of enterprise
networking applications. These factors made the security of WLAN technology quite strong.
Recently, the Wi-Fi Alliance, the international industry group that certifies the interoperability of
WLAN products, has developed new technology to increase the strength of the security inherent
in WLANs. The results of this effort are called Wi-Fi Protected Access™ (WPA). At the same
time, the 802.11 standards working group of the IEEE has been developing an addition (802.11i)
to the original WLAN standard that would include stronger security features. Both of these
efforts are compatible with each other.

Existing WLAN equipment and products can be upgrade to include WPA security through a
simple software download. 10 Reasons for Wireless Local Area Networking (WLAN) in a
Desktop PC SPLY002 7 The additional security capabilities that are being urbanized by the
IEEE 802.11 working group will be available later, probably in 2004. The security features of
WPA will be forward compatible with the features being developed by the IEEE 802.11 working
group.

v) Smooth Operations :

While resources costs are usually the easiest to calculate, operational costs can have the major
impact on an enterprise. Introducing a new technology into an accessible network environment
can be costly if handled improperly. Ideal solutions reduce costs by automating the key tasks
associated with wireless deployment and operations. This flatten the learning curve for WLANs,
and reduces IT burden by curtailing hands-on management.

It can be difficult to predict costs when planning a large-scale wireless LAN (WLAN). What
impact does the new technology have on existing products, policies and procedures? Is there a
major learning curve to implement the latest solution? How difficult is the most recent network
to manage? How long it will going to be last?.

With any networking technology, deploying a new WLAN incurs both capital and operational
expenses. The features and functionalities of a WLAN solution resolve the extent of these costs,
which can vary dramatically. However, new WLAN architectures are rising that reduce capital
expenditures and ease operational burdens, helping enterprises to reap the value of wireless with
minimal impact on the bottom line.

Conclusion:

It is safe to say that no matter whether users have desktop PCs or mobile laptop computers,
wireless networking is efficient and effective for many different types of organizations,
companies and work groups. In today's fast-paced business world, companies of any size, from
SOHO businesses to small/medium size firms and even global enterprises, must continue their
elasticity and adaptability in order to make the most of market opportunities. Several times that
means adjusting and rearranging workspaces. At other times, it may mean temporarily or
lastingly growing the concern's networking capabilities. In some case, an organization with
WLAN-ready desktop PCs and a wireless infrastructure in place have a decided benefit over
those companies tethered to hard-to-move wires running through walls and ceilings. In addition,
wireless networking technology has made great stride. In this WLAN technology is beneficial to
use.