PREAMBLES TO BILL OF QUANTITIES

1.0 GENERAL
1.1 The quantities given in the Bills of Quantities for the various items are approximate and
provisional only and are given to prove a common basis for tendering. Except otherwise
stated, the basis of payment will be the actual quantities of works ordered and carried
out, as measured by the Superintending Officer (S.O) and valued at the rates or prices
quoted in the Bill of Quantities where applicable, and otherwise at such rates of prices as
many be agreed to or prices quoted in the Bills of Quantities where applicable, and
otherwise at such rates or prices as may be agreed to or fixed within the terms of the
Contract.
1.2 Each item shall have a separate rate or price and amount set against it. The rates and
prices shall cover all plant, labour, materials, temporary works, erection, maintenance,
supervision, testing, insurance and other general obligations, liabilities and risks,
overheads and profits, and every incidental and contingent cost and charge whatsoever
unless separately provided for. Items against which no price is entered shall be deemed
to cover by the other rates and prices in the Bills of Quantities.
1.3 The exact nature and extend of work to be performed is to be ascertained by reference
to the Contract Drawings, Specification and Conditions of Contract and the rates and
prices entered in the Bills of Quantities shall be in accordance with all provisions of the
said Conditions, Contract Drawings and Specifications.
1.4 General directions and description of work and materials are not necessarily repeated in
the Bills of Quantities and reference should be made to the Conditions of Contract,
Contract Drawings and Specification of the requisite information. The rates and prices
inserted in the Bills of Quantities should be full inclusive cost of work described and of
the general liabilities and obligations set forth or implied in the document on which the
tender is based.
1.5 Where ‘Lump Sum’ amount are requested, such amounts shall be inserted against the
items shall cover all cost involved in the execution of the items. Payment against all
‘Lump Sum’ items unless otherwise described in the specification will be made in
proportion to the quantum of work carried out or services provided in the appropriate
period.
1.6 The measurement of work shall be computed net in the manner described in the
Specification or in the sections that follow. The quantities shall be net as they are
finished and fixed in the works and the rates and prices shall include for whatever
allowance considered necessary by the Contractor for wastage.
1.7 The Contractor is not to order materials from the sizes and quantities stated in these
Bills of Quantities but must take all sizes from the working drawings or as instructed from
time to time.
1.8 The contractor shall allow in his rates carrying out all trials sampling and test necessary
in order to ensure compliance with the requirement of the Specification.

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1.9 Differences in the method of billings and in the phraseology used in various parts of the
Bills of Quantities will not be recognized as a basis of any claim for an increase in the
Contract Sum.
1.10 Provisional Sum, prime Cost Sums and Quantities will be used wholly or in part or not at
all as the S.O. may direct.
1.11 All items are to be priced in Ringgit Malaysia (RM) to two decimal places.

1.12 Guarantees and Insurances

Payment for the Performance Bond and Insurances itemized in the Bills of Quantities
shall be made in installment as follows:

a) In the first Interim Certificate, the Contractor shall be paid either the actual premium
paid by him upon submission of the receipts or the tendered sum of the item.
Whichever is the lesser.
b) The remaining sum (if any) shall be paid with each subsequent interim payment in
the proportion of the total period lapsed to the Contract Period.

2.0 UNIT OF MEASUREMENT

The following units of measurement and abbreviations shall be used

Unit Abbreviation
Millimeter mm
Meter m
Kilometer km
Square Millimeter mm2
Square Meter m2
Hectare ha
Kilogram kg
Tonne tonne
Number No
Liter l
Lump Sum Sum
Provisional Sum PS
Superintending Officer S.O
Maximum Dry Density MDD
Reinforced Concrete R.C.
Diameter dia.
Month mth

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3.0 UNIT OF MEASUREMENT
The Bills of Quantities, Unless otherwise expressly stated in respect of any specified
item or items, shall be deem to have been prepared in accordance with the principles of
the Standard Method of Measurement of Building Works as published by the Institution
of Surveyors (Malaysia) or Civil Engineering Method of Measurement published by
Institution of Civil Engineers (London) or Method of Measurement as set out in Bills of
Quantities.

4.0 ADDITIONAL OR VARIATION WORKS

The clause of this preamble will apply to any additional or variation works which the
Contractor may be required to execute under this Contract.

5.0 COMPOSITE MEASUREMENT OF REPETITIVE WORK

Certain items in the Bills of Quantities represent composite works of uniform type of
construction. The Tenderers shall themselves ascertain the quantities of the component
works involved in the items and prices them accordingly.

6.0 DEFINITIONS
6.1 Wherever the term ‘allow for’ is used in any items in the Bills of Quantities it shall mean
that the sum entered by the Contractor shall include all costs, charges and profits in
respect of the works or obligations referred to and shall be at the Contractor’s sole risk.
Payment for such items shall be made at such times and in such installments as the
S.O. may deem fit and proper, taking into account the extent to which the works have
been completed or obligations met by the Contractor.
6.2 Wherever the term ‘provide a sum for’ is used in any item in the Bills of Quantities and a
sum is inserted by the S.O to cover the cost of any particular item of work, the sum
inserted shall be dealt in accordance with Clause 34 of the Condition of Contract unless
otherwise directed.
6.3 Wherever the word ‘supply’ is used in any item in the Bills of Quantities it shall means
that the articles, materials, plant or equipment etc. Which are supplied under item shall
become the property of the Government.
6.4 Wherever the work ‘provide’ or ‘provision of’ or ‘providing’ is used in any item in the Bills
of Quantities in the context of providing some articles, material, plant or equipment (as
distinct from ‘provide a sum for’ as described in para 6.2 above) it shall be taken to mean
that the Contractor shall make necessary arrangement to make available for the use of
the Government or the S.O such article, material, plant or equipment and the sum
entered by the Contractor shall include all costs, charges and profit in respect thereof. At
the end of the Contract Period or such other times as defined in the Bill of Quantities
ownership of such article, material, plant or equipment shall revert to the Contractor. The
Contractor’s rate and prices shall include for removal, dismantling and reinstatement of
site where necessary.

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6.5 The expression ‘Extra Over’ use in any item in the Bill of Quantities shall means that
payment calculated at the rate inserted against that items is additional payment over and
above the particular item for which it is stated to be ‘extra over’

7.0 PROTECTION OF WORKS

The Contractor shall allow in his rates for protecting completed works following and
subsequent operations, making good all damage to complete due to any cause.

8.0 WORK UNDER WATER

The Contractor will be deemed to have ascertained for himself before the details of the
extend of the works which will to be carried out and his rate and prices shall include for
all costs and charges whatsoever out of such works.

9.0 REINSTATEMENT WORKS

After carrying out the construction works, the Contractor will have to carry necessary
work to reinstate the site to its original state. Payment for reinstate works as properly
been instructed in writing by S.O. shall under the related items in the Bills of Quantities.
For reinstatement work mentioned in the Bill of Quantities, the cost of such works is
deemed to have included elsewhere in his tender price.

10.0 CLEARENCE OR WORKS AREAS

10.1 Site clearance of the area of the Works shall include bund and drain structure sites and
outlet closure works.
Clearance shall comprise the removal of vegetation and the felling and render trees of
any description and size unless otherwise directed by S.O. demolish of minor structures,
disposal of all materials arising from site clearance with surplus to or unsuitable for use
in the Works and disposal of all rubbish and grubbing up of all stumps and roots and
filling up the holes left by stump and roots with suitable materials. Stumps and roots of
mangrove trees within the reserve shall not be grubbed up or remove.
Payment for site clearance for the area of the work shall be made whether there is any
vegetation or obstruction on the areas designated for clearance otherwise directed by
the S.O. Clearance shall be measured in plan over easement or right-of-way as shown
on the Drawings or as otherwise directed by the S.O.

10.2 Clearance of the areas required by the Contractor for temporary works and the like will
not be measured and the cost will be deemed to be included in the appropriate items in
the Bills of Quantities.

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10.3 In general, compensation to house owners affected by the permanent works will have
been made by the Government under the land acquisition arrangement and the empty
houses shall be demolished and remover by the owner. If the owner has not done so,
the Contractor shall demolish and removed the building as directed by the S.O., after he
has been given access to that part of the Site. Payment for this shall be as described in
Day work Rates (Document F2) herein.

11.0 REMOVAL DIVERSION OR CONNECTION OF SERVICES

11.1 Payment for removal or diversion or connection of services shall be based on the actual
cost billed by the relevant authority to the Contractor.
11.2 Item 11.2 is extra over to item 11.1 shall be paid on the percentage entered by the
Contractor in the Provisional Bills of Quantities multiplied by the actual cost of removal or
diversion of services in Clause 11.1 above. The percentage entered into the Provisional
Bills of Quantities by the Contractor for his profit and attendance charge shall deemed to
be inclusive of his time, efforts and costs for applying and paying of all fees, arranging,
supervision, etc. for the entire satisfactory completion of the works. For the purpose of
the tender, the tenderer shall enter the amount in the Provisional Bills of Quantities
derived from the product of his tender percentage and the provisional sum allowed in
item 11.1.

12.0 TEMPORARY WORKS

Unless specially provided for in separate items in the bills of Quantities the cost of all
temporary work shall deemed to be covered by the rates entered in the Bills of
Quantities and shall include the following:
a) Temporary works for the services of the works as a whole e.g. gantries temporary
tracks, structure for concrete mixing plant, block yard equipment etc.
b) Temporary works to form and construct permanent works described under particular
items in the Bills of Quantities e.g. timbering of tranches, forming of bunds,
cofferdam construction and pumping to keep works free of water.
c) Temporary work which are required for establishing and maintaining an access road
for the public and to the site and works areas to facilitate transport of the Contractor’s
labour, material and plant.
d) Removal of all temporary works and disposal of rubbish and reinstatement of site.
e) All works for temporary diversion of drainage and traffic.

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13.0 EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORKS

13.1 Excavation
The quantities of excavation shall be the net cubic content of the void formed in cuttings
and borrow pit between the original ground surfaces after stripping topsoil (if any) and
the finished ground profile as shown in the Drawings or as directed by the S.O. The rate
for excavation in general site grading, construction of platform and watercourse shall
include the following:
a) Removing and disposing of roots and buried logs with diameter less than 500mm
and other vegetation.
b) Excavation in cuttings and borrows pits in whatever ground may be met with (except
solid rock)
c) Hand and machine digging
d) Bulking of excavated materials
e) Trimming of platform, bottoms of watercourses and slopes less than 10% to the
horizontal
f) Maintenance of excavated surfaces during the period of construction and the period
of maintenance
g) Keeping earthwork free from ponding of water from whatsoever source
h) Taking precaution to avoid damage to structure, existing sewerage, drains and
services including providing temporary support
i) Clearing in borrow pits as specified
j) Taking precaution to prevent erosion
k) Multiple handling and stockpiling of excavated materials.

13.2 Rock Excavation

13.2.1 The Definition of solid rock is given in the Specifications
13.2.2 The Volume of solid rock removed shall be measured from the original solid rock
profile to the excavated lines and levels shown on the Drawings or otherwise
directed by the S.O.
13.2.3 The rates for solid rock excavation shall include the following:
a) Provision of all plants, equipment, tools, labour and material as may be
required for solid rock excavation
b) Arrangements for all safety precautions, permits and insurance against injury
to person and property

c) The use of explosive including supply of all explosive and maintenance of

magazines and stores and compliance with security regulations

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 d) Keeping the excavation free from water whatsoever cause
e) Allowance for over break and making good of over break volume in
accordance with specifications

13.3 Structure Excavation

13.3.1 The rate for excavation shall include the following:
a) Excavation, trimming and cleaning bottoms, slopes and batters
b) Selecting and grading spoil where appropriate and storing it as backfill for
structure or disposing spoil in spoil tips.
c) All planking, strutting and shoring, pumping and draining
d) Backfilling and compaction with approved excavated materials to required
levels
13.3.2 The volume of excavations will be measured in the solid to the payment lines
which will be the lines so marked in the Drawings for underground excavation or
to the lines indicated on the Drawing as the permanent faces of cutting or in
excavations for foundation from surface work to payment lines extending
vertically above the outermost parts of the foundation below, the cavity measured
being that which would be described if the structures were rifted up vertically.
13.3.3 Should the Contractor elect to discard spoil from excavation for structures or from
excavation for river, which is deemed by the S.O to be suitable as backfill
materials, all additional costs of providing borrowed fill shall be borne by the
Contractor.
13.3.4 Any excess depth excavated below formation level tolerance specified
hereinafter shall be made good by backfilling with suitable material of similar
characteristics to that removed and compacted to a density comparable with the
adjacent undisturbed material r lean concrete at Contractor’s own expenses.

13.4 Disposal of Materials

13.4.1 The measurement for payment of disposal of materials shall be based on the
difference between the total net volume of excavation and the net volume of
excavated material used for filling.
13.4.2 The rate for disposal of the excavation shall include but not limited to the
following:

a) The carting and disposal of the excavated materials to the reserve, approved
spoil tips to dumping grounds to be arranged and provided by the
Contractor’s at his own cost.
b) All costs of plants, equipment and labours involved in the works including the
reinstatement of the excavated surface to its original ground level where
directed by the S.O.
c) Payment of royalty to the Commissioner for Land and Mines or other
appropriate authorities for the disposal of excavated material.
d) Spreading and leveling the disposal material.

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13.5 Filling
13.5.1 The measurement for payment of filling shall be based on the net volume of the
filled materials calculated from the surveyed ground level after stripping of
unsuitable material, if any, to the finished ground profile to alignment and
dimensions shown on the Drawings or as directed by the S.O.
13.5.2 The rate for filling shall include all costs of selecting, grading and storing
excavated material and handling, placing, compacting and trimming to the
satisfaction of the S.O. The Contractor shall give due allowance for settlement,
loss and shrinkage in his rate. The construction and formation of bund and
proposed river section shall be classified as filling. The Construction and
formation of bund shall be deemed to include trimming, shaping and grading the
surfaces after 6 months consolidation period.

The rate for filling shall include payment of royalty to the Commissioner for Land and
Mines or other appropriate authorities, spreading and leveling of materials.

13.6 Bund Volume Below Original Level

13.6.1 The end area of the bund that has settled for the volume computation shall be
taken as rectangular, the length being the distance from the toe to toe of the
bund as measured on the cross section sheets, at original ground level and
height being 80 percent of the measured value of the settlement gauge. The
measured settlement of each gauge shall be used for all cross section within a
distance equal to half the gauge spacing.

14.0 ROAD WORKS

14.1 The measurement for payment of road works shall be measured in square meter laid.
The area shall be the product of the project width of the top surface as specified or as
shown on the Drawings measured horizontally and the profile length measured along the
centre-line of the surface of layer of layer. No deduction shall be made for any
construction less than one square meter.

14.2 Rates for road works shall include but not limited to the following:
a) Material and attendance for sampling and testing carried out as directed by the S.O
b) Protection of mixed material in transit and while tipping
c) Grading, measuring, mixing and depositing materials
d) Spreading and compaction of deposited material in layers
e) Making joints
f) Edge support
g) Shaping to cambers, falls and crown
h) Maintenance of the road
i) Road Marking and signage

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15.0 CONCRETE
15.1 Provision and Placing of Concrete
Rates for concrete shall include provision of material, storing, handling, mixing, transport
and wastages. The rate shall also include placing of concrete, compaction (whether by
hand or internal and external vibration), forming slopes, falls and the like, preparing
adjacent surfaces in accordance with the clauses of the specification, forming all
temporary joints, key stunt ends, pacing around reinforcement and other items to be built
in, protection and curing the concrete, transporting and testing cubes if carried out other
than S.O’s laboratory.
In measurement of concrete no deduction or addition shall be made for rebates,
chamfers, nosing, filler, etc. each less than 0.005 sq.m in cross-sectional area.

15.2 Reinforcement
Unless otherwise stated in the Bills of Quantities, reinforcement shall be measured
separately. Reinforcement of all diameters will be paid by weight. The rates for
reinforcement shall among other things include for all handling, clearing, cutting,
bending, hooks, tying, supporting in position and all other works necessary in providing
and fixing the reinforcement as specified as shown in the Drawing.

15.3 Formworks
The rates for formwork shall include splayed edges, notching, allowance for overlaps
and passing at angles, battens, strutting, bolting and wedging, easing, striking and
removal of formwork. The rate for formwork is deemed to be included in the rates for
provision and placing of concrete.

16.0 GEOTEXTILE
Geotextile shall be measured net area covered. The rate for the geotextile shall include
supplying, handling, storing, cutting to the required size and shape, fixing in position,
wastage and the required lapping.

17.0 PRECAST R.C PIPE / BOX CULVERT / BLOCK DRAIN

R.C pipe / box culvert and block drains shall be measured net in linear quantities of
actual length constructed. The rates for the works shall include the following:
a) Supply, handling, delivery, staking, storage and laying of pipe / box culvert or block
drain
b) Cutting of pipe / boxes to correct length including allowance for waste
c) Jointing of length of pipes including supply of all necessary jointing materials

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18.0 PILES
18.1 R.C Piles
The rate for R.C piling shall include but not limited to supply, transport, pitching and
driving R.C piles of specified length and girth to the required depth and cutting of piles to
the required levels as shown in the Drawings to fit in adjacent work.
Payment for supply of R.C piles shall be measured in meter and the rate for handling,
pitching and driving is measured in meter length from the commencing surface/cut-off
level to toe of the pile inclusive of all jointing.

18.2 Interlocking Steel Sheet Piles

a) The rates for supply of interlocking steel sheet piles shall include cost of material
transportation to site, safekeeping, cleaning and painting with specified coats.
b) The rate for handling, pitching and driving is measures in meter length of each pile
from the commencing surface to the final depth of penetration inclusive of all jointing.

18.3 Concrete Sheet Piles

a) The rate of supply of concrete sheet piles shall include of cost of material,
transportation to site, safekeeping and cleaning.
b) The rate for handling, pitching and driving is measured in meter length, from the
commencing surface to the final depth of penetration inclusive of all jointing.
18.4 Timber Piles
The rate for timber piles shall include but not limited to supply, transport, pitching and
driving timber piles of specified and firth to the required depth and cutting of piles.
Payment for timber piling shall be measured for individual pile driven.

19.0 TRIMMING OF SLOPE PROTECTION WORKS

The measurement for trimming of slope prior to protection works shall be in square
meter. The rate shall be for all cost incurred in trimming, shaping and grading the bund
to the required levels and profiles shown on the Drawings.

20.0 STONEWORKS
Rate for stone works shall be for the supply and placing by hand/or mechanical help of
stone/rock material including but not limited to the preparation of foundation and sand
blinding if required by the S.O. Measurement for payment of stone works shall be in
metric volume. Payment shall not be made for placement of stone / rock due to over
excavation or over trimming of the sides of the river and only to the volumes as indicate
in the Drawings.

21.0 MISCELLANEOUS METAL WORKS

Measurement for payment for furnishing and installing miscellaneous metal works unless
otherwise stated shall be made of the total mass of the works finished an installed
including non-metallic as specified.

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22.0 HANDRAILS
Payment for handrails shall be made in linear quantities of handrails installed, measured
from starting edge of the first panel to ending edge of the last panel for each continuous
installation. The rate includes all necessary labour and materials for complete installation
of the handrails to the foundation/ground or capping beam, bur does not include the
construction of the foundation, ground, capping beam unless otherwise specified.
23.0 ARTICULATING SLAB REVERTMENT
Articulating slab revetment shall be measured in net area covered. The rate for
articulating slab revetment shall include supplying, handling, storing, fixing in position for
the slab and also the supply, laying and compaction of earth fill for the slab opening.

24.0 SANDFILLED MATRESS

Sand filled mattress shall be measured in net area covered. The rate for sand filled
mattress shall include supplying, handling, storing, fixing in position and including all
necessary sand filling.

25.0 PRECAST R.C L-UNIT

Precast R.C L-Units shall be measured net in number of units placed on site. The rate of
the works shall include the following:
a) Cost of steel mould, casting, curing and testing of cubes is carried out other than at
the S.O.’s laboratory.
b) Supply, handle, transport, stock, store and lay units to the design level.

26.0 CLOSE TURFING

The rate for close turfing shall include for spreading of topsoil and pegging of turf on
slope cuttings, if applicable. Dimension for the purpose of measuring shall be based on
the area to be turfed and also measured along the slope, if applicable.

27.0 MACKINTOSH PROBE

The Mackintosh Probe shall be measured for individual probe driven in number of the
locations covered. The rate for Mackintosh Probe shall include but not limited to supply,
transport, pitching and driving of the probes at specified locations and the required
depth.
The Mackintosh Probe consists simply of the standard probe head and connecting rods.
Resistance of the soils is measured by counting the number of blows of a standard drop
hammer which are required to drive it a set distance (usually 150mm).

28.0 KEYSTONE RETAINING WALL

KEYSTONE – Retaining wall system shall be measured in linear meter. The rate for
retaining wall shall include supplying, plants, ancillaries, materials, transport, handling,
installation and earthwork such as excavation and backfilling at the back of the wall and
construction of in-situ concrete leveling pad base.

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