Predisposing and Precipitating Factors:

 History of Hypertension
 Primipara
 Age 20 -35 years old
 Taking in of caffeine

Increase Blood Volume/  Reduces Resistance of mother to the pressor

Increased Cardiac Output Generalized vasospasms effects of Angiotensin and Norepinephrine
 Increased Thromboxane A2 (Vasoconstrictor) and
Decreased Prostacyclin (Vasodilator)
Injury to endothelial cells Vasoconstrictor
(due to pooling of blood
in the venous circulation) Altered tissue perfusion related
Increased blood to vasoconstriction of blood
pressure vessels
Platelets will go to
the site of injury
Decreased oxygen and nutrient perfusion to the Blood volume in the maternal circulation to be pooled
different organs in the venous circulation – deceptively low arterial
Thrombocytopenia intravascular volume
(decreased platelets)

Uterus Pancreas - Ischemic

- RUQ abdominal pain
Kidneys - jaundice
Decreased oxygen
Increase permeability Decreased GFR Decrease tubular re- and nutrient to
Liver - Epigastric pain
PROTEINURIA absorption of sodium placenta
- Elevated serum
amylase –
creatinine ratio
Leak of S/Sx: Placental
 Decrease urine Water retention insufficiency
albumin and
globulin output
 Oliguria
 Elevated BUN, S/Sx: Risk for fetal injury related
creatinine, and  Restricted to reduced placental
uric acid levels intrauterine growth perfusion secondary to
 LWB vasospasm
 Deficient fluid volume Fetal Distress
Edema related to fluid loss to
subcutaneous tissue

Cesarean Section Procedure was Inflammatory Process

Acute pain
done
Pulmonary Edema Cerebral Edema

Cyanosis, difficulty of Visual disturbance Impaired skin

breathing Severe headache integrity related to
Hyperreflexia trauma
Seizures
Coma

Risk for injury