BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY
1. Science of Relationships
2. It is the scientific analysis
and study of interactions
organisms have with each
other, other organisms and
with abiotic components of
their environment, focusing
on energy transfer.
3. Who invent the word
Ecology
4. When the word “Ecology”
was coined?
5. It refers to non-living
physical and chemical
elements in the ecosystem.
6. Study of Climate or
weather conditions over a
long period of time.
7. Studies atmospheric
processes over a shorter
duration. It is also considered
study of atmosphere.
8. Study of the amt. and
quality of water moving and
accumulating on the land
surface and in the soil and
rocks near surface.
9. Study of Soils and their
natural environment.
10. Studies Earth’s ocean and
seas
11. Natural science that
involves the study of matter
and its motion through space
and time, along with related
concepts such as force and
energy.
12. Branch of physical
science studying the
composition, structure and
properties, and change of
matter.
13. Are living or once-living
organisms.i
14. Is a living organism that
affects another organism in its
ecosystem.
15. Is the solid outer part of
the earth.
16. It is the rigid, outermost
shell of a terrestrial-type
planet or natural satellite.
17. It is a layer of gases
surrounding the earth.
18. It is the total amount of
water on the planet
19. Component deterioration
of a substance appears by
physical or chemical
processes.
20. Contains the combined
portions of the planet in which
all of life exist, including land,
water, and atmosphere.
21. They are physical parts
and non-living chemicals of
an environment. They affect
the functionalities and living
organisms of the ecosystem.
22. These are organisms that
synthesize organic
substances.
i
These are organisms that feed on other organisms.

24. They are responsible for breaking down dead organic matter.

25. Life-supporting portions/surface of the earth composed of air, land, fresh water and salt
water.

26. It is a group of ecosystem that have the same climate and similar communities.

27. Cold, dry, treeless biome with less than 25 cm of precipitation each year, a short
growing season, permafrost, and winters that can be six to nine months long.

28. World's largest biome, located south of the tundra between 50° N and 60° N latitude;
has long, cold winters, precipitation between 35 cm and 100 cm each year, cone-bearing
evergreen trees, and dense forests.

29. Enumerate types of land biomes.

30. Biome with 200 cm to 400 cm of precipitation each year,average temperatures

between 9°C and 12°C, and forests dominated by trees with needle-like leaves.

31. Most biologically diverse biome; has an average

temperature of 25°C and receives between 200 cm and 600 cm of precipitation
each year.

32. It is an area of tall mostly evergreen trees and a high amount of rainfall.

33. A rainforest that are found near the cooler coastal areas further north and south of the
equator.

34. A rainforest that are found closed to the equator where it is warm.

35. Temperate and tropical regions with 25 cm to 75 cm of precipitation each year that are
dominated by climax communities of grasses; ideal for growing crops and raising cattle
and sheep.

36. Driest biome on Earth with less than 25 cm of rain each year; has dunes or thin soil
with little organic matter and plants and animals specially adapted to survive extreme
conditions.

37. Biome usually having four distinct seasons, annual

precipitation between 75 cm and 150 cm, and climax communities of deciduous trees.

38. Flowing water such as rivers and streams and standing water such as lakes, ponds,
and wetlands.

39. Oceans, seas, a few inland lakes, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, coastal inlets
and estuaries.
40. Shallow area where salt water and fresh water mix.

41. Any place wherein organisms live and continuously interacting with other living and
nonliving components; It may be large or small as we decide.

42. Several interacting populations that inhibit a common environment

and act interdependent. Involves different species that live in particular area. This is
composed of different populations living together interacting as competitors, predator and
prey, or symbiotically.

43. Group of organism of one species living in the same place at the
same time that interbreed and compete with each other for resources (food water and
shelter)

44. It is a group of organism so similar to one another that they breed and produce fertile
offspring.

45. It is an ecological or environmental area that is inhabited by a particular species of

animal, plant, or other type of organism.

46. The term typically refers to

the zone in which the organism lives and where it can find food, shelter, protection and
mates for reproduction.