ACIDS-BASES AND SALTS-TABULAR QUESTIONS

1 A mixture, Z, of two different solids was analysed. Z consisted of solid W, which was water-
soluble ammonium chloride, and solid V, which was insoluble.
The tests on the solids, and some of the observations, are in the following table.

Complete the observations in the table.

tests observations
tests on mixture Z

M
(a) Appearance of the mixture. white solid

O
Mixture Z was added to distilled water in a

C
boiling tube. The boiling tube and contents
were shaken and then filtered.

B.
tests on the filtrate

U
The filtrate was divided into three test-tubes.

(b) (i) To the first test-tube of the filtrate, a few

H
drops of dilute nitric acid was added
U
followed by silver nitrate solution. ............................................................ [2]
D
(ii) To the second test-tube of the filtrate,
TE

aqueous sodium hydroxide was

added.
The mixture was heated. The gas given ...................................................................
off was tested with damp pH indicator
AR

paper. ........................................................... [2]

(iii) To the third test-tube of the filtrate,

M

dilute hydrochloric acid was added

followed by barium chloride solution. ........................................................... [1]
.S
W
W
W

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 tests observations
tests on the residue

(c) By using a spatula, some of the residue

was transferred from the filter paper into
a test-tube. Dilute hydrochloric acid was rapid effervescence
added to the residue.
The gas given off was tested. limewater turned milky

M
The solution in the test-tube was divided into
two portions.

O
(d) (i) To the first portion of the solution,
excess aqueous sodium hydroxide white precipitate formed,

C
was added. insoluble in excess

B.
(ii) To the second portion of the solution,
excess aqueous ammonia solution no precipitate formed

U
was added.

H
(e) Identify the gas given off in (c).
U
D
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
TE

(f) What conclusions can you draw about solid V?

...........................................................................................................................................
AR

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]
M

[Total: 8]
.S
W
W
W

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MARKING SCHEME

M
O
C
B.
U
H
U
D
TE
AR
M
.S
W
W
W

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2 Two substances, E and F, were analysed. E was a solid compound and F was a solution of
ethanoic acid.
The tests on E and F, and some of the observations, are in the table. Complete the observations
in the table.
Do not write any conclusions in the table.

tests observations
tests on solid E

(a) Appearance of solid E. green powder

M
O
(b) Solid E was heated in a test-tube. black solid formed

C
The gas given off was tested. limewater turned milky

B.
(c) (i) Solid E was added to dilute sulfuric effervescence and blue solution formed

U
acid.

The solution was divided into two

H
equal portions in test-tubes. U
(ii) Excess aqueous sodium hydroxide
was added to the first portion of the pale blue precipitate formed
D
solution.
TE

(iii) Drops of aqueous ammonia were

added to the second portion of the pale blue precipitate formed
solution.
AR

Excess aqueous ammonia was then precipitate dissolved to

added to the mixture. form a dark blue solution
M

tests on liquid F
.S

(d) Appearance and smell of liquid F. appearance ...................................................

smell ........................................................ [2]

W

(e) pH indicator paper was used to measure

the pH of liquid F.
W

pH ............................................................ [1]

(f) Identify the gas given off in test (c)(i).

W

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(g) Identify solid E.

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]

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MARKING SCHEME

M
O
C
B.
U
H
U
D
TE
AR
M
.S
W
W
W

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3
A mixture of two solids, R and S, was analysed.
Solid R was the water-soluble salt aluminium sulfate, Al 2(SO4)3, and solid S was an insoluble
salt.
The tests on the mixture and some of the observations are in the following table.
Complete the observations in the table.

tests observations

Distilled water was added to the mixture in a

boiling tube.

M
The boiling tube was shaken and the contents
of the boiling tube filtered, keeping the filtrate

O
and residue for the following tests. The filtrate
was divided into five test-tubes.

C
B.
tests on the filtrate

U
(a) Appearance of the first portion of the
filtrate. ............................................................ [1]

H
(b) Drops of aqueous sodium hydroxide were
U
added to the second portion of the solution
D
and the test-tube shaken. ...................................................................
Excess aqueous sodium hydroxide was
TE

then added to the test-tube. ............................................................ [3]

AR

(c) Aqueous ammonia was added to the third ...................................................................

portion, dropwise and then in excess.
............................................................ [2]
M

(d) Dilute nitric acid was added to the fourth

.S

portion of the solution followed by aqueous

silver nitrate. ............................................................ [1]
W

(e) Dilute nitric acid was added to the fifth

W

portion of the solution and then aqueous

barium nitrate. ............................................................ [2]
W

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 tests observations

tests on the residue

(f) Dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the rapid effervescence

residue.
The gas given off was tested. limewater turned milky

Excess aqueous sodium hydroxide was

added to the mixture in the test-tube. white precipitate, insoluble in excess

M
O
(g) Name the gas given off in test (f).

C
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

B.
(h) What conclusions can you draw about solid S?

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

U
H
[Total: 12]
U
D
TE
AR
M
.S
W
W
W

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MARKING SCHEME

M
O
C
B.
U
H
U
D
TE
AR
M
.S
W
W
W

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4 A mixture of two salts, J and K, was analysed. J was ammonium iodide which is water soluble
and K is insoluble.
The tests on the mixture, and some of the observations are in the following table.
Complete the observations in the table.

tests observations

(a) Appearance of the mixture. white solid

Distilled water was added to the mixture.

M
The mixture was shaken and filtered.

O
tests on the filtrate

C
The solution was divided into two
equal portions in two test-tubes.

B.
(b) To
 the first portion of the solution,
aqueous sodium hydroxide was

U
added. The mixture was heated ............................................................................................
gently and the gas evolved was

H
tested with pH indicator paper. ...................................................................................... [2]
U
(c) To the second portion of the
D
solution, dilute nitric acid and
aqueous silver nitrate solution
TE

were added. ...................................................................................... [2]

tests on the residue

AR

(d) Dilute
 hydrochloric acid was added rapid effervescence
to the residue in a test-tube. The
gas given off was tested. limewater turned milky
M


Dilute sulfuric acid was added to
.S

the solution formed. white precipitate formed

W

(e) What is the pH value of the gas given off in test (b)?
W

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(f) Identify the gas given off in test (d).

W

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(g) What are your conclusions about solid K?

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 8]

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MARKING SCHEME

M
O
C
B.
U
H
U
D
TE
AR
M
.S
W
W
W

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