Professional Documents
Culture Documents
in this lecture:
Covered
Myths about cold email
The results of a cold email campaign are always a mixed bag. In that
bag, there’s going to be positive replies, and not so positive replies. But
don’t let the fear of rejection stop you from moving forward with your
campaign.
Here we’ll look at a negative responses and how you can deal with
them.
The truth is the sales job would be a lot easier of people just said “no”
when they meant it. But they don’t so let’s list the usual suspects. You
know, the most common negative replies that sound like:
Now that we’ve revised the common types of negative replies – how do
we deal with them?
Most people won’t even bother with negative replies, they just let go of
those leads. In specific, rare cases that is indeed the right thing to do.
But too often we’re leaving money on the table because we want to
avoid dealing with negativity.
It’s as if you were a cook who throws away a perfectly good cut of meat
because you’re not really sure what to do with it. Very wasteful
approach.
So what is a non-wasteful, proper approach to dealing with negative
replies?
Example 1: You send a cold email and get a negative reply that basically
says “our own, in-house tech is enough to satisfy our needs”.
You could respond by keeping the conversation going: “I understand
your tech is currently enough, but what if you wanted to increase your
production capacity?” or “Maybe our offer could be a useful addition to
your current tech stack?”
Example 2: You send a cold email and get an aggressive reply that
essentially says “You’re a spammer, and I’m reporting you. Leave me
alone, jerk!”.
Deal with this by disarming the angry reply with professionalism, along
the lines of: “Sorry if my email annoyed you, my goal wasn’t to
inconvenience you. I won’t be sending emails your way anymore. Best
of luck to you and {COMPANY}!”.
Example 3: You send a cold email and get a reply that essentially says
“we’re working with your competitors already and are satisfied with
the results”.
You could reply by applauding their choice and leave an open window
for opportunity in the future: “That’s a great choice, they’re an
awesome company. But if you ever think about switching providers, I’ll
appreciate it if you keep us in mind.”
Cold
Intro to targeting
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
Why you need targeting
When designing a cold email campaign, one of the first things you’ll
need to do is figure out is who the heck you’re trying to reach. When
left to chance, all your other efforts will only go to waste.
Now determine who has a need for your service/product AND who’s most
likely to take action. Consider the following as general guidelines. Don’t get
too stuck in the details.
Age Group
Gender
Marital/Family Status
Income Level
Education Level
Occupation
Personality types
Attitudes
Values
Interest/Hobbies
Lifestyles
Behaviors
4. What needs, challenges and frustrations do they have?
Change your mind-set from how they can help you (“buy my product”) to how
you can help them. Usually this is communicated subtly but it should stay
forefront in your mind.
When you’re aware of their challenges, you can create impactful messaging. It
builds trust and comes off more as a friend than a business.
7. What are their media habits?
Consider the magazines they read, tv & movies they watch, websites they
visit, social media sites in their rotation, etc… Insights into this can lead once
again to tailoring your message when you know how they like to engage with
their information.
Defining the market is the tough part. Once you know who you’re
targeting, you’ll find it much easier to craft your message. One that
resonates and encourages them to engage with you.
Cold
Ideal customer profile
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
Building a customer persona
WHAT ARE
PSYCHOG RAPHICS?
Psychographic information could include your buyer's habits, hobbies,
spending patterns and values. Demographics explain “who” your buyer
is, while psychographics explain “why” they buy. Demographic
information includes gender, age, income, marital status… you know, the
dry facts.
• Aged 45-65
Looking at the two lists above, it’s easy to see why you need both. Use
demographics alone and you have only a very hazy outline of your
audience. You understand her challenges, but not where to find her and
what really moves her to action.
Psychographics gives you so much more insight into creating the Ideal
Customer Profile, making your email campaign that much more
effective.
Building personas Cold
off data Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
in this lecture:
Covered
Using your data to build personas
Check out your customer base and rank them based on the
metric that matters most to you (ex.: revenue - the value of
the customer)
Where do you start when identifying your most valuable customer (MVC)?
There are a few key factors. One of them being who’s spending the most? It’s not
the only perimeter but it’s an awfully important one. And the potential pay-off is
big: when you know who your most valuable customers are, you know what
information to use in pulling together your customer personas.
So what metrics can you use to segment your MVCs? Here are five.
1
Purchase frequency
Tracking how frequently your repeat
customers order from you can serve as a
foundation for some interesting customer
insights. One of them: identifying
customers who purchase most
frequently. Frequent sales activity
suggests they are easier to retain,
making this group of customers worthy
contenders for MVC status.
2
Average order value
How much does a customer spend on
average, and how does that stack up
$
compared to other customers? For
obvious reasons, customers who spend
the most should be identified as your
‘high-rollers”. In some cases, you might
want to be notified in real-time when an
order above a certain threshold is
received.
3
Customer lifetime value
The heavy hitters who can make your
week with a single purchase are very
important, but the MVC competition isn’t
a sprint, it’s a marathon. Tracking how
much a customer has spent over the
course of her relationship with you is one
of the best ways to identify high-value
customers.
4
Price sensitivity
Purchases are motivated by different
reasons and some customers are very
price sensitive. While a customer who is
highly influenced by price isn’t
necessarily eliminated from MVC status,
it can be very useful to evaluate
customers through a price-centric lens.
This allows you to identify hardcore
bargain hunters who aren’t likely to
complete a purchase unless they see a
deal.
5
Affluence
While you obviously can’t peek at your
customers’ bank accounts, depending on
how much information you collect from
customers, you may be able to indirectly
guess which ones likely have thick
wallets.
n this lecture:
Covered i
What threading is
n this lecture:
Covered i
The structure of a company
The size of a business will typically dictate who you should address
in your sales pitch. Decision makers in smaller businesses are often
made by the owner or a managing director. In larger companies,
you may need to target the head/director of a particular
department. And the budget holder also factors in, if he/she is a
different person.
Find out who to talk to. There are a number of ways you can use to
find out who the decision makers are.
Internet search organizations often give biographies and contact
details for key members of staff on their websites. One quick google
search will turn up their website, potentially leading you right to the
proper flow chart.
TIP
It’s important to note you should never pitch to a gatekeeper. Two
reasons. First, if she says no and denies you access, she just made
the decision for your target where it wasn’t hers to make. Second,
it’s the gatekeeper’s job to keep people like you out.
n this lecture:
Covered i
Figuring out your target level
If you target the right people, you’ll get a better open &
response rate
2. Who will be using the product? (If they say, “I will,” follow up
with,
“Is your manager reviewing this purchase as well? What will
they be assessing?”)
6. Have you bought a product like this before? (If they say no, ask,
“Would you like my help figuring out who to bring in, based on
7. In the past, my customers have asked [ job title] and [ job title]
to participate in this decision. Does that make sense for
[prospect’s company]?
10. At the end of the day, how can I help you get this purchase
approved?
11. Is there anyone else I should be meeting with to get the full
picture of how you and your colleagues will be using [product]
and what your needs are?
14. I’m sure you’ve seen first-hand how complex the average
buying decision is these days. Let’s work together so [company]
can start experiencing [specific benefit] as soon as possible.
Who do we need to meet with?
20. How long have you been looking into this type of solution, and
why did you start? (Their answer will reveal if they’re a junior
decision maker responsible for the initial supplier research.)
23. Are you the sole owner of this [project, initiative, purchase]?
in this lecture:
Covered
Intro to prospecting
You’re learning a lot right now and maybe you feel overwhelmed.
So we’re here to tell you the best place to start is to focus on
prospecting. Find your potential customers. Prospecting is an
important part of the sales process. It helps develop your pipeline,
filling it with potential customers.
A I D A
AWARENESS INTEREST DESIRE ACTION
n this lecture:
Covered i
How a hit list looks
The hit list is the document where you list out all the people
you want to contact and where you track your progress
with them
There are a lot of softwares for building hit lists, but you can
just keep it simple and use a Google sheet
d in this lecture:
Covere
Types of mining
#1 Bottom-up (B2C)
#2 Top-down (B2B)
Top-down:
Call into the highest levels of the organization.
But, that's why it's so important to contact them. They know how to
delegate and will delegate your call to someone else. Use this
information and ask for referrals. Who do they recommend you speak
with? Who handles these decisions? If you can get referrals to other
departments, it's almost a certainty your call will be answered when you
reference being referred by the owner. And, don't forget to also partner
with the gatekeepers at the top. They know how the organization works
and they can also influence your success.
BOTTOM-UP:
Selling at the bottom is equally important.
Call into the lower levels of the company, as the decision to use your
product or service will ultimately fall on them to implement. You need to
work hard to get their buy-in, and you need their advocacy to work itself
up the chain. If you can get enough interest at the bottom, you're very
likely to have the word spread until you're able to meet with the person
who holds the purse strings.
Mining with LinkedIn Cold
(free) Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
in this lecture:
Covered
Using LinkedIn to find leads
Search for your target industry and apply filters to get the
most relevant results
in this lecture:
Covered
Extra features on LinkedIn
You can search for leads based on mentions in the news &
recent job changes
LINKEDIN
SALES NAVIGATOR
LinkedIn Sales Navigator is a helpful tool for recruiters, sales teams with
a goal of lead generation, and many other groups/individuals who need
a highly refined search tool. Below is a step-by-step guide on how a
recruiter would use Sales Navigator to find an entry-level graphic
designer to join your marketing team in Houston, Texas.
1
Search graphic designer in the
search bar
2
Narrow down by city – Houston,
Texas
3
Narrow by industry – graphic
design
4
Narrow down by seniority level –
entry
5
You still have over 900 search
results, so now narrow down by
function
– marketing
6
You now have roughly 50 solid
applicants that match your criteria.
You are able to now use the key word
search bar to further refine, by clicking
view all filters
7
Here, you are able to refine by
experience. Let’s say you want
someone moderately entry-level so
you select 1-2 years. You are now left
with 2 solid prospects
Cold
Mining with Google
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
in this lecture:
Covered
Using Google to find people
in this lecture:
Covered
Mining from press releases
d in this lecture:
Covere
Searching for award winners
You can find similar lists of people that won awards for their
business category
There are a ton of different ways social proof can be used for your cold
email efforts, but they all basically revolve around showing that other
people like what you’re offering, so they should too.
• Positive reviews
• Customer testimonials
• Growing your social media following
• Number of users or customers
• Awards and recognition
• Social shares (when done correctly)
Social proof is even more powerful when it comes from someone your
prospect knows. According to a Nielsen survey,
Simply put, consumers expect proof from other people that have
used the product, not a sales copy from brands and businesses. Smart
companies have realized that social proof can mean big growth
opportunities.
1 2 3 4 5 6
When you reach a milestone, it’s not a bad idea to celebrate it with
your audience. This is an excellent occasion to thank your customers
and supporters who’ve helped you achieve your accomplishment.
Until you land one of the “top” companies, build in social proof in your
email campaigns, and you’ll be on the right track.
Conferences & Cold
attendee lists Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
in this lecture:
Covered
Using conferences to mine
If attending, prior
DECISION-
PRE-CONFERENCE POST- Many organizers give
to the conference I
MAKING CONFERENCE you lead scanners if
would connect with
some individuals you you are exhibiting, this is
saw on the list to see if for you to scan the badge
they are attending this year of those you spoke with to
and would like to meet and speak record their contact information.
with you. If exhibiting, I would begin to plan a This is key, as following-up post-event is where
targeted marketing strategy toward the types of the lead is reeled in. If you are attending, two
titles and attendees you saw on the list. For words: business cards.
example, if you saw 50% of attendees were
CFOs and 20% were VPs and 30% were mana-
gers, you would need to have a more senior-le-
vel approach.
https://american-image.com/the-top-15-reasons-why-exhibit-at-trade-shows/
http://nimloktradeshowmarketing.com/top-7-reasons-to-exhibit-at-trade-shows/
https://evoexhibits.com/top-5-benefits-of-attending-trade-shows/
https://www.omax.com/news/blog/top-ten-reasons-attend-a-trade-show
Presentations, slides, Cold
and publications Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
in this lecture:
Covered
Mining from presentations
d in this lecture:
Covere
Mining from directories
#3 Local.com
in this lecture:
Covered
Mining from communities
#1 Reddit.com
- search for subreddits related to your business and see
what they talk about
- look for commenters that fit your criteria
- pro: it’s a massive community and you can find almost
anything
- con: you have to message people through their system
#2 LinkedIn
- search for your industry and look for groups
- request to join the group and then you can see
everyone’s profile
#3 Google
- search for your industry/topic + forum
- you can usually message people through the platform
in this lecture:
Covered
How to mine using Twitter
All tweets are indexable, which means you can search for
keywords and see what people said (if their account is
not private)
EXAMPLE:
search iPhone X and see what
has been said about your
FEEDBACK product if you are Apple
COMPETITION
EXAMPLE:
Typing competitor names and Apple by search Android to
complaints, typing services/products see recent complaints and
and analyzing top tweets for praises
feedback
EXAMPLE:
if Apple is trying to purchase
a smaller tech company
named ABC Company, they
TARGETING can search for that account
and see what they have been
Searching specific companies for B2B posting and engaging with
and contacts for B2C for targeting prior to a meeting
methods
https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/how-to-use-twitter-advanced-search
https://lifehacker.com/search-twitter-more-efficiently-with-these-search-opera-1598165519
Exporting competitor’s Cold
followers on Twitter - B2C Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
in this lecture:
Covered
How to export followers lists
There are paid tools that help you export the list of
followers, but you can do it manually for free
Click at the top of the page and drag until you select all the
people you need from the list
Copy and paste them into an Excel sheet - right click on the
first cell and select “Paste Special” - Text
Filter by “Begins with”, write “@” and then you’ll get a clean
list of all the Twitter handles
If you want to use a tool, try Twlets.com or something
similar (Google it)
in this lecture:
Covered
How to use your personal network
#2 LinkedIn
- search for the company you want and see if any of your
connections works there
- if you find someone that you have shared connections
with, see if any of those people could introduce you to
them
- for more results, apply the filter “Past companies” to find
people who previously worked at the company you target
#3 Facebook
in this lecture:
Covered
Two methods for prospecting
#1 Waterfall method
- full-time research, gathering thousands of emails,
scheduling out emails in batches of 100+ at a time
#2 Agile method
in this lecture:
Covered
Making cold calls
When it’s not clear who you should be reaching out to with
your pitch, you can try cold calling the company you’re
targeting
There are three scenarios you could run into with a cold
call:
- You connect with the owner or the decision maker
- You connect with someone lower down in the
organization
- Nobody picks up
STEP 1:
practice before picking up the phone.
Approaching your call well-versed on possible
outcomes will allow you to sound more
confident and well-prepared
STEP 2:
make sure you know who to ask for, whether it be
a title, a department, etc. If you know the person’s
name – make sure you know how to pronounce it
STEP 3:
introduce yourself, your company and lay out
your credibility/value within the shortest
amount of time possible – too much
information is a net negative here
STEP 3 V 2:
voicemail?
Good thing you practiced in step 1
STEP 4:
lay out why you are calling in 1-2 sentences
maximum
STEP
STEP 5:
5:
ask for an email to follow-up and provide more
context
https://www.saleshacker.com/cold-calling-tips-techniques/
http://blog.persistiq.com/the-ultimate-guide-to-cold-calling-part-i
https://blog.hubspot.com/sales/psychology-tips-to-enhance-your-sales-calls
https://blog.hubspot.com/sales/everything-you-need-to-know-about-selling-over-the-phone-in-a-single-infographic
Scripts for informational Cold
cold calling Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
d in this lecture:
Covere
What to say in a cold call
There are two types of scripts you can use for cold calls:
Example:
in this lecture:
Covered
Thoughts on email hunting
In order to find all the emails you need, you usually have
to use a mix of these tools and strategies
HOW EMAIL HUNTING
WORKS
It’s not always easy to find someone’s email address. Why?
Because they’re not always willing to reveal it on the web. People
protect their email addresses for good reason. Putting it right out
there in plain sight invites anyone and everyone to contact
them—even spammers.
The first place you should look for email addresses is the "About"
page of your contact's company website. Here you might find
anything from a brief bio to detailed contact info for every team
member.
Dig around a bit more, and you might find email addresses in
unexpected places. For example, on Zapier's "About" page, you'll find
team members' contact information by hovering over the photos.
PERSONAL WEBSITES
If you can find a personal blog or website for a contact, you may find
an email address on their "Contact" page. If not, they may have a
contact form on their website that sends them an email without
exposing their email address to the public.
SOCIAL MEDIA
If you can find your prospect's social media account, check their
profile for contact information. Here are a couple tips to keep in
mind:
You may need to connect with the contact to see their email address
on LinkedIn.
in this lecture:
Covered
The more manual way to find emails
These are free tools that you can use to find someone’s
email address
Fill out the form with your lead’s first name, last name, and
domain and it will generate a list of potential email
addresses
This manual process might take longer but if you don’t want
to use paid tools, it’s worth trying
How to find email addresses Cold
of social media profiles Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
in this lecture:
Covered
Finding emails from Twitter profiles
After you collected all your leads’ Twitter handles, there are
a few ways to find their email (try them in this order):
While we mainly looked at Twitter to find email address, there are other social media
options you can use to find a contact’s email address.
Facebook Graph Search has been quietly slimmed down in the last year or so but can
still be a valuable resource.
The idea of Graph Search at least originally, was that it would enable all users to track
down relevant information easily, by searching through the profiles of their
connections and extended connections (friends of friends) to find relevant matches for
search queries.
Graph Search could also locate any info listed publicly. So you could enter in ‘People I
know who use dating apps’ and Graph Search would show you.
Of course not everyone wants you to know that type of information, and privacy
settings on Facebook can get pretty complex. But even if a profile is locked down, that
doesn’t mean the groups they’re in are also locked down. Because Graph Search
effectively enables you to locate somewhat sensitive information, Facebook stopped
talking about it and put it on the backburner. But you can still use it.
First off, Graph Search is only available to US users. Or anyone who changes their
language to ‘English (US)’. To do this, go to your settings, click on ‘Language’ and
change it to ‘English (US)’. And now you have Graph Search.
As above, you can now enter more complex search queries into the Facebook search
bar and it will return more contextual matches. Graph Search is built around
conversational language to make it more functional, so you can type in variations of
questions and it’ll try to return a result.
In terms of tracking people down, Graph Search enables a range of queries that can
help. Let’s say, for example, you know this person worked at McDonald’s in
Greensborough between 2010 and 2014.
Even if the person you’re searching for hasn’t listed their previous employers on their
Facebook profile, or has their info locked down to search, you can still find former
colleagues from their past places of work and search through their friends. If the
person you’re looking for is using a different name but is connected with someone
from their old work, you’ll be able to track them down.
People are connected in many different ways. You are hard pressed
to find someone who doesn’t have one of these accounts. These
daisy chains of connections can be traced with time, patience and
some know-how.
in this lecture:
Covered
What to do when you're not sure an email is valid
#2 Take the most likely email address and send the email
to that, but then put your second and third best guesses
in the BCC field (Blind Carbon Copy} - the recipient won’t
see that the email was sent to the other addresses as well
ANOTHER EMPLOYEE
If you have the email to another employee, it is almost guaranteed
that if you follow the exact nomenclature for that email for the
person you are trying to reach, you will be successful.
For example,
john.smith@abccompany.com
shows you that if you are trying to contact Sarah Jones, her email
will likely be
sarah.jones@abccompany.com
You can often find the handle used by going to the contact section
on their website or by simply looking around at other employees
on LinkedIn. Job posts are another way, as most recruiters leave an
email handle at the end of each job post.
COMMON NOMENCLATURES
Below are the most common nomenclatures used for Sarah Jones
above.
COMPANY HANDLE
Abbreviated @abcco.com
https://blog.hubspot.com/sales/find-email-addresses
Cold
Alternatives to email
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
d in this lecture:
Covere
The hierarchy of contact options
#3 LinkedIn messages
- connect with them and then send a message for free
- pay for a Pro subscription to be able to send messages to
people that you’re not connected with
- people are less likely to see it or they might see it at a
later time
#4 Facebook messages
- people are more likely to see messages on Facebook
BUT if you’re not friends, your message usually ends up in
the Message Requests folder, which people don’t check as
often
#5 Tweet at them
- it has the disadvantage of being a public message (of only
150 characters)
- use this in conjunction with other methods, like tweeting
at them to point out that you sent them an email
+
finding how to contact them is. Email addresses are often not given
out on a whim besides if you have their business card or if you’ve
spoken with them over the phone already. A method that has proved
successful if executed correctly is LinkedIn messaging and/or a
connection message.
Do not lay out your entire message through LinkedIn. Many times, the
platform actually restricts your character count, however if you have
free reign you should still keep it short and simple. TLDR (too long
didn’t read) is particularly true through social media, there’s a reason
Twitter is limited yet effective.
A SIMPLE GUIDE IS TO:
1. ALTERNATIVES
Introduce yourself (name, position, company)
2.
3.
TO EMAIL
Briefly mention why you are contacting them (approximately 1 sentence)
4. Give them a reason why they would want you to contact them
Example:
let’s say you are trying to contact Jeff Smith, the VP of FinTech at a Fortune 500
company based in New York and ask him to join a small event you are hosting.
Subject: NYC Executive FinTech Event (relevant location, peers and industry)
Hi Jeff,
My name is Sarah and I’m the event manager for ABC company.
We are hosting an executive event in New York next month to discuss FinTech
market trends and I think you would be a great addition as a facilitator.
I’d be happy to send you more details via email or hop on a quick call –
please let me know so I can reserve you a spot.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/dailymuse/2013/10/15/how-to-write-linkedin-messages-that-actually-get-read/
https://beamery.com/blog/linkedin-messages
https://blog.hubspot.com/sales/how-to-craft-an-inmail-that-gets-results
Cold
Intro to scaling
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
d in this lecture:
Covere
How to scale your process
#1 Outsourcing / delegation
- you can hire someone in your country as well as overseas
or delegate it to one of your employees
- it’s worth it when you have little time to spend on this
- you can have one person doing everything or multiple
people, each focused on one part of the process
- having just one person is more expensive but they
understand the bigger picture better and can help you
debug the process at first
- Freelancer.com is perfect for finding people who do this
kind of work
#3 Automation
d in this lecture:
Covere
Tips for outsourcing
2 3
LOWER LABOR COST
ACCESS TO A LARGER TALENT
Did you know there are
POOL
approximately 300,000 jobs
When hiring an employee, you may
outsourced by the United States
only have access to a small, local
each year?
talent pool. This often means you
Every company has its own reason
have to compromise. Many
for doing this, with many chasing
companies have found that
lower labor costs. You don’t want to
outsourcing gives them access to
trade quality for price, but
talent in other parts of the world. If
outsourcing often allows you to get
you need specialized help, it often
the best of both worlds. By
makes sense to expand your search.
searching a global talent pool, it’s
easier to find the right talent at the
right price.
Cons of outsourcing
2 3
COMMUNICATION ISSUES COMMUNICATION ISSUES
This doesn’t always come into Despite all the benefits of
play, but it’s one of the biggest outsourcing, it is only a good
potential drawbacks. thing if you’re receiving the
Here are several questions to quality you expect. Anything
ask: less than this will be a
• What time zone does the person disappointment. This isn’t to say
live in and how does this match you can’t successfully outsource
up with your business hours? particular tasks, but you need to
• What is your preferred method discuss the expected quality
of communication? Phone, email, upfront.
instant messaging?
• Does the person have access to a
reliable internet connection?
WRITING A JOB POST
Both have their advantages and both may come into play for you. As I said, I like
to start hourly and then work toward a fixed-price approach. Some people I
know start with smaller fixed-price projects then transition to hourly for longer
term commitments.
d in this lecture:
Covere
Where to buy bulk leads & tips
d in this lecture:
Covere
The concepts we're going to cover
d in this lecture:
Covere
What AIDA means
#1 Attention
- in order to get people to read your email, first you have to
get their attention
- write an intriguing subject line that makes them open the
email
#2 Interest
I
INTEREST
If your visitor has made it past your awesome headline they’ll arrive at the
building interest section. Ask, what about my product makes it interesting to my
target audience? Does it solve a problem? Does it offer a solution? Does it have
benefits? How can I explain this to my audience?
Desire has intent. Before creating desire, you must create interest. Interest should
mature into desire. In other words, desire is the stronger, more developed
version of interest.
In the case of the yoga offer, the desire is to look and feel better, so craft your
message to fulfil that need.
They also touch on the benefits of hot yoga coupled with a positive review. That
creates a sense of impending accomplishment and satisfaction. They’re can
picture themselves using hot yoga to their benefit.
A
ACTION
This is when your copywriting efforts culminate into one action. This action is the
outcome you desire. This call to action should drive your visitor to act.
In the case of the hot yoga studio, they want people to buy a month package.
Aside from the headline, your call to action should be your focus.
OTHER THINGS TO CONSIDER
Be sure to guess and test your call to action to see what’s working for your visitors.
Eliminate or add things to your copy that are preventing users from converting
on your offer. Are your visitors reading to the bottom but not clicking the button?
Maybe your language is not exciting enough. Maybe you failed to give them
enough desiring benefits.
Read it all through and critically at that. Make sure you imbed the AIDA approach
and you’ll be off and running.
A I D A
AWARENESS INTEREST DESIRE ACTION
d in this lecture:
Covere
What's included in a UVP
#1 Capability
- What can your product/service do or enable your
customers to do?
#2 Impact
- How will your product/service impact your customers or
their businesses?
#3 Proof
- What evidence do you have for the capability and impact
of your product/service?
#4 Cost
- How much does your product/service cost relative to the
competition?
Ideally, you want to be the best at one thing that matters
most to your customers
Examples of UVPs:
Cheesecake Factory: “Fresh cooked, delicious meals, and
ample portions served in a fun atmosphere for a good
price”
Hyundai: “Lots of options and luxury for not a lot of money”
Target: “Save cash on cool stuff”
Whole Foods: “High quality food for a healthy lifestyle”
Zappos: “The world’s largest show store delivered to your
door with free shipping both ways”
Make your UVP the focus of your email and website copy
UNIQUE VALUE PROPOSITION
AKA What’s in It For Them?
THOUGHT PROCESS:
1 Describe what 3
you’re offering in
Prove it
one word
2 Why would 4
anyone want to
Price it
use it?
CASE STUDIES:
TRANSPORTATION APPLICATION EDITION
Sources:
https://www.wordstream.com/blog/ws/2016/04/27/value-proposition-examples
https://optinmonster.com/32-value-propositions-that-are-impossible-to-resist/
Cold
The CBI framework
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
What CBI is and how to use it
In order to figure out what will work, you have to see things
from your customer’s perspective
The CBI framework puts people in 3 general buckets
depending on the kind of approach that works for them:
#1 Competitive
- this approach appeals to aggressive, type A customers
that want to be the best above all else
#2 Benefit-driven
- this approach appeals to rational people who respond
better to data and specific evidence
- very popular for B2B, since purchasing decisions are
based on return on investment (ROI)
#3 Inspirational
- this approach appeals to aspirational types, people who
want to be empowered to do things themselves
- very popular for B2C outreach
n this lecture:
Covered i
Adding emotional triggers to your copy
Pick whichever emotion fits your pitch the best and don’t
try to force it - you might end up sounding too salesy
EMOTIONAL
COPYWRITING
Below are three examples that expand on the video. Examples of
how Pride, Anger and Pain can be weaved into your copy to
persuade your prospect to take action.
While these ads are more visual, the copy still showcases the
emotion. You could easily break these down and apply the same
principles in your cold email copy.
PRIDE
Look at how Azure highlights
its accreditations (on the left
at the bottom of the page)
320 TripAdvisor uses rated
their properties as “excellent”
and they received an
excellence award….
May as well share that
information and be part of
the “club”.
ANGER
Emotions drive action, especially heated emotions like anger and annoyance.
If you go this route, you’re probably appealing to anger and annoyance already. Your copy
should be positioned to highlight your prospect’s pain points. Just think about what
annoys and angers your audience.
Phone service “without
contracts!” Now that’s rare.
PAIN
No I.T needed. You don’t need technical assistance or an “IT guy” to get your landing
page made. At the same time, you’re going to increase your ROI.
CONCLUSION
When writing, think of the ideal emotions your offer will evoke and how you want your
customers to feel. Do you want them to be proud to be your customer? More confident in
themselves? Part of an “in-crowd” of other important customers?
Picturing the desired outcome will help you determine which emotions you should play
up in your email copy.
Cold
Subject lines
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
Best practices for subject lines
Subject lines help people scan through the emails they get
in order to choose which ones they want to read
If your subject line doesn’t get people to open the email,
it’s not going to matter how good the actual email is
n this lecture:
Covered i
Formulas for subject lines
#1 References
- “[Greetings] from [Connection] of [Person in Common]”
- “[Person in Common] colleague would love to connect”
If you don’t have a personal connection to your reader,
mention where you encountered them
- “Found you on [site/network]”
#2 Compliment
- “Your piece in [source] was fantastic” - specific + intriguing
#3 Suggest a partnership
#5 Questions
- “When is the best time to send emails?”
- “Is there a best time to send emails?”
- “Can I help you ____?”
in this lecture:
Covered
The body copy
You can’t ask them to do more than one thing, you will fail
Goal examples:
- Respond with more information
- Respond with yes or no
- Go to my homepage
- Download something
n this lecture:
Covered i
How your email looks
#1 Length
#2 Spacing
#3 Punctuation
BAD EMAILS
THE PROBLEMS
The formatting of this email is not great, making it very hard to read.
Like we mentioned, a good short email should be in the range of 4-6
sentences. This clearly goes well over that.
Each sentence is practically its own paragraph, making it hard for the
reader to well, read. Remember, you want the email to appear like
it’s less effort for the reader. Grouping similar-thoughts together
gives clear direction in your email, making it easier to navigate and
makes it more engaging.
THE PROBLEMS
The grammar and formatting in this email are all wrong. This is not an
email your eyes want to read. The random all-caps words, the
ellipses, the text-speak, the overuse of the word “massive”— it’s all
badly constructed and actually leaves you confused about what she’s
trying to say.
Just like the last example (maybe not in the vein of formatting), there
is no CTA here. The closest she gets is to suggest you talk, which is
cool, but it’s not a CTA, because it doesn’t specifically
tell you how to connect.
GOOD EMAILS
The grammar and formatting in this email are all wrong. This is not an
email your eyes want to read. The random all-caps words, the
ellipses, the text-speak, the overuse of the word “massive”— it’s all
badly constructed and actually leaves you confused about what she’s
trying to say.
Just like the last example (maybe not in the vein of formatting), there
is no CTA here. The closest she gets is to suggest you talk, which is
cool, but it’s not a CTA, because it doesn’t specifically
tell you how to connect.
This email is short and to the point, but covers all the essentials.
Remember, you should be able to read the email in less than 45
seconds, so that you can at least GET your pitch to even the most
skeptical of audiences.
4 parts of every Cold
cold email Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
What to write in a cold email
#1 The hook
- this is where you have to spark their interest to read
the rest of the email
- 1-2 personalized sentences
- you’re trying to build rapport with the reader
- highlight things you have in common, compliment
them for something they did, or anything that makes
them think the email was written for them
#2 The bridge
- this part helps smooth the transition between the hook
and the pitch
- 1 sentence
- justify the next section (pitch) as much as you can
#3 The pitch
EMAIL
As we just learned, there are 4 main
parts that will comprise your cold email.
The hook, the bridge, the pitch and the
CTA. Here is an overview/recap so you
can see how it all flows together to
create a full email.
HOOK.
The hook is where you grab their attention and establish rapport. Or
highlight a commonality between you and your prospect.
BAD EXAMPLE
WE’RE CHANGING YOUR NOTION OF WHAT A GOOD FACEBOOK
AD CAN DO AND SOCIAL ADVERTISING IS A $500 BILLION
MARKET.
The problem: it’s too general and doesn’t tell your prospect anything
related to how it can help them. Tell them specifically how you're
doing something unbelievable - something unique. The more it directly
relates to what you do, versus something that anyone else could use,
the better.
GOOD EXAMPLES:
“I saw your Facebook ad and realized we have numerous customers
selling something similar to you and they are increasing their sales
every month.”
"The last company that tried to do this was making $20m in their
second year, and they only have 1% of the market--with old
technology!"
"Pet owners spend $1000 on their pets every year... and 75% report
buying non-food items for their pet every month."
BRIDGE.
The bridge is, you guessed it, the bridge between your hook and your
pitch. It’s where you connect the dots and highlight a pain point or a
problem you can solve for your prospect.
Back to the example in the video of reaching out to someone who ran
a Facebook ad. If you reach out to them telling them their ad caught
your eye, the bridge makes the connection from that, to what your
product/service can do for them.
GOOD EXAMPLES:
Your Facebook ad is great, but with one small tweak, you can instantly
get 35% more exposure.
PITCH.
The pitch is your value proposition. It’s what you’re selling or offering
that could potentially be helpful to your prospect. This copy comprises
the bulk of the email but remember, try to explain your offer as
concisely as you can. This thing I have solves your specific pain with
this specific solution.
GOOD EXAMPLES:
I’m releasing my new Advertising Tracking App next week. This App
tracks who opens and engages with your Facebook ad, then reports
directly to you, providing the statistics and demographics of who
specifically is clicking. I’ve attached a couple screenshots of what the
app looks like and a link highlighting how my clients have improved
their response rate in some cases, over 50%.
CTA.
And finally the CTA. You ask for what you want. An opinion? A phone
call? Click on a link?
As your prospect scrolls down your email and reaches your call to
action, she reaches that make or break moment. Whether to take the
next action or relegate your email to the archives.
Add too much friction and you lose prospects who may have been
interested. Don’t make it persuasive enough and you lose the
opportunity to nudge those who are close to the finish line. Make it
GOOD EXAMPLES:
I’ve helped over 300 companies in the Jacksonville area increase their
Facebooks Ad exposure. You should be one of them. Can you carve
out 15 minutes to chat this Friday at 10:00?
GOOD EXAMPLES:
“I saw your Facebook ad and realized we have numerous customers
selling something similar to you and they are increasing their sales
every month.”
Your Facebook ad is great, but with one small tweak, you can instantly
get 35% more exposure.
I’m releasing my new Advertising Tracking App next week. This App
tracks who opens and engages with your Facebook ad, then reports
directly to you, providing the statistics and demographics of who
specifically is clicking. I’ve attached a couple screenshots of what the
app looks like and a link highlighting how my clients have improved
their response rate in some cases, over 50%.
I’ve helped over 300 companies in the Jacksonville area increase their
Facebooks Ad exposure. You should be one of them. Can you carve
out 15 minutes to chat this Friday at 10:00?
3 golden rules Cold
of cold email Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
Rules to always follow
#1 Always be personal
- the biggest reason why people don’t respond to
cold emails is because they’re not personalized
enough
- justify why the email is important to them, why they
should care
- at the bare minimum, you have to personalize their
name, their location, and their industry
#3 Always be valuable
Did you know the attention span of the average adult is less
than a goldfish? That means, adults typically pay attention to
one task for about 8 seconds.
If you don’t easily believe there’s a world of information competing for your attention,
consider the following statistics:
These are just a few stats that represent how many messages the average adult has to
process each day, and this is just in their work life.
in this lecture:
Covered
How to start the email
Make sure you match the naming convention that they use.
Do some research:
- LinkedIn - see what people call them in testimonials
- Facebook - in most cases their Facebook name is what
they go by
- personal website - see what they’re introducing
themselves as
Cold
The hook Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
Hook best practices
The hook is the first part of the email, and its purpose is to
grab the reader’s attention
A good hook will make a person want to read the rest of
the email
#4 Make it personal
- Personalize the first sentence as much as you can
#5 Be funny
- make sure your email doesn’t sound like it was written by
a robot
- if you bring a smile to their face, they are more likely to
respond
GOOD
Why?
Statistics/numbers pop-out, especially if they are relevant to the reader.
This is the only sentence they will read most of the time, if you make it
relatable they will continue to read.
BAD
I was wondering if you had time for a quick meeting to talk about ABC
Company and what we could do for you.
Why?
Immediately asking for a favor in an email (especially a cold email) is a
sure fire way for the receiver to hit the delete button almost
immediately. Not only asking for a favor, but also being vague about
why they should take the time out of their day to get on a call with an
absolute stranger.
INVITATION TO A WEBINAR
GOOD
Why?
This is very direct and to the point. This sentence takes no time to read
and if you are targeting your audience correctly, everyone reading it
should be interested in the answer that is to follow. If it is not relevant,
they will move on and that is a net positive for you.
BAD
Why?
This is vague and sounds very spammy. On top of the sales-focused
verbiage, a 50-minute time commitment is a HUGE chunk out of
someones day to ask from the get go of an email.
INVITATION TO AN EVENT
GOOD
I saw you were located in the NYC area and I thought you would find
value in attending a roundtable event with some of your industry peers.
Why?
This sounds personalized from the get go. It points out that whatever is
being asked is local, increasing the changes of both reading and
attending, and it also mentions that the people attending are relevant
to them.
BAD
Why?
While this is not the worst example, this is still very vague and does not
scream “relevant” after reading it.
SIMPLE CONNECTION
GOOD
Why?
This is clearly personalized as it is accurate to something that the
receiver has actually achieved that a mass mail audience could not. This
will ensure that they will keep reading until you at least provide a CTA.
BAD
Why?
The receiver has no idea who you are or why you are emailing them so
far. They do not know what the purpose of connecting is for and it is
easy to delete due to this.
Cold
The bridge Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
Bridge best practices
#1 Write it last - this way it’s easier to figure out what you
need to write in order to connect your hook to your pitch
#2 Keep it brief (1 sentence) - ask yourself: “What is the
bare minimum that I can tell them that they’ll still be able to
appreciate my pitch?”
#3 Use the formula BAB (Before After Bridge) - look at what
is before your bridge and what comes after and figure out
what you need to get from one to the other
INVITATION TO A WEBINAR
I saw you were located in the NYC area and I thought you would find
value in attending a roundtable event with some of your industry peers.
Many manufacturing leaders are struggling with their collections
processes within their accounts receivable department. (before) What
pain points would you discuss with these other leaders if you had a 1:1
meeting with them? (after) ABC Company’s roundtable next month is
now open for registration to share best practices with your peers.
(bridge)
Cold
The pitch
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
Pitch best practices
If you proposed some benefit for the reader, the pitch has
to explain how you/your product can provide that to them
A pitch might look something like this:
I’ve worked closely with many of your peers and would be able to share
some of the troubles they’ve overcome and give you a brief overview of
our software. I think that you would find value in learning a bit more
about where you could save time every day of your week. (pitch)
INVITATION TO A WEBINAR
INVITATION TO AN EVENT
I saw you were located in the NYC area and I thought you would find
value in attending a roundtable event with some of your industry peers.
Many manufacturing leaders are struggling with their collections
processes within their accounts receivable department. (before) What
pain points would you discuss with these other leaders if you had a 1:1
meeting with them? (after) ABC Company’s roundtable next month is
now open for registration to share best practices with your peers.
(bridge)
n this lecture:
Covered i
Call to action best practices
The call to action is the last piece of your email and it gives
the reader one single thing that you’d like them to do
Conference Registration
BAD EXAMPLE:
WHY?
This sounds more like a reminder than an item they need to take action
on. It also gives no detail on when to take action or how to register.
GOOD EXAMPLE:
register here before Friday to save $300 with early bird pricing
WHY?
This is a link, taking them straiaght to the website efficiently. It states
when they would need to do this by and why it’s important to them
(saving $300).
Demo Call
BAD EXAMPLE:
WHY?
Why? There is no real ask – this is just a casual note or FYI. It does not
state what the demo will cover or why they should want to take it either.
GOOD EXAMPLE:
WHY?
Polite using please plus a flexible ask based on their schedule. Lastly, a
quick suggestion that may work based on when they would most
likely be free for a call (mid week mornings are best). This way, they
have the chance to reply quickly with a “sure that sounds great.”
Simple Engagement/Response
BAD EXAMPLE:
looking forward to speaking with you soon.
WHY?
This is too vague and it is simply a comment rather than an ask – no
action will come out of this.
GOOD EXAMPLE:
I’d love to touch base next month with you – please let me know
your availability.
WHY?
Gives a clear ask and when you are asking for it + flexibility for their
schedule.
https://blog.hubspot.com/sales/bad-email-ctas
https://salesfolk.com/blog/3-cold-email-calls-to-action-get-responses/
https://www.campaignmonitor.com/blog/email-marketing/2017/10/4-elements-of-successful-email-calls-to-action/
How much do Cold
you customize? Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
n this lecture:
Covered i
Levels of email customization
in this lecture:
Covered
Your email address
For B2C:
- Use a custom domain if you’re trying to sell a product or
want to get more users on a specific platform
- If you’re promoting yourself as an individual or want to
have a more informal touch, use your personal email
address (@gmail, @yahoo, etc.)
in this lecture:
Covered
What spintax is and how to use it
Spintax saves you a lot of time - the software that you’ll use
to send emails will fill out the fields automatically by pulling
the appropriate data from your hit list sheet
Aside from the fields that will be auto-filled, you can add in
things like [Custom sentence] in order to remember to
write something personalized for each email - you’ll have
to do this manually
{SPIN TAX}
The term spintax is a contraction of “spinning syntax”.
Spintax is the format (or syntax) used by various software spinners
and article submission sites that create or use spun articles.
SPINTAX EXAMPLE
in this lecture:
Covered
Generic email addresses
SUBJECT LINE:
+
GOOD EXAMPLE BAD EXAMPLE
John, see you in Houston? FinTech Conference Invite
WHY: WHY:
personalized, person may assume the receiver may find value in the
he has committed to something conference sessions but may not
already and has forgotten consider him/herself a FinTech
professional. The receiver may also
assume every conference invite is a
waste of his/her time and
immediately delete
FIRST SENTENCE:
+
+
WHY: WHY:
introduction of self and company, also assumes they are doing their job
established why the company stands incorrectly from the get-go and
out compared to others that are immediately sounds like a
probably emailing them as well gimmicky sales pitch vs. a valuable
offer immediately delete
CREDIBILITY:
+
GOOD EXAMPLE BAD EXAMPLE
Last year alone, we increased our ABC Company knows what
customer base by 230%, making us manufacturing companies need and
the leader in manufacturing we will help you achieve your goals
WHY: WHY:
numbers stand out, this is vague, presumptive and does not
eye-catching and once they read specifically lay out a benefit
this they will wonder why your immediately delete
company is taking off
CALL TO ACTION:
+
GOOD EXAMPLE
+
BAD EXAMPLE
Keep your email simple, natural and to the point. Avoid a TLDR length and if it
sounds forced when you read it out loud – it is forced in an email too.
https://www.proposify.com/blog/the-best-cold-email
https://www.saleswingsapp.com/sales-tipps/3-bad-cold-emails-and-how-to-fix-them/
https://www.leadfuze.com/cold-email-mistakes/
https://www.inc.com/jackelyn-ho/want-more-replies-to-your-cold-emails-do-these-7-things.html
https://newoldstamp.com/blog/20-key-mistakes-to-avoid-in-your-cold-emails/
Cold
Why media is important Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
d in this lecture:
Covere
Adding media to your email
#1 Attachments
- don’t send attachments - they will cause your email to go
to the spam folder
- adding attachments is also too much information for a first
message to someone who doesn’t know you
#2 Images
- when sending images, make sure they’re embedded in
the body copy, not attached
Things to keep in mind when you’re adding media to your
email:
- it’s going to be the first thing they see and will act as a
hook, so make sure it’s interesting and relevant
- it helps if the image is customized for the prospect in
some way
- if it’s a generic or braggy image, just don't add it
#3 GIFs
- use them to illustrate how your product works
- make sure they’re embedded in the email and don’t send
the reader to another page
- you can use funny GIFs but it really depends on the target
audience so be careful with this
WHY MEDIA
IS IMPORTANT
No. Don’t attach anything to that email.
Like we talked about in the video, attachments are never a good idea.
To shed a little more light as to why that’s the case, keep reading.
SENDER’S RECEIVER’S
(you) (potential customer)
perspective perspective on emails
on attachments with
in email attachments
? ? ?
Aren’t you even
?
Do you feel
Do you feel like you a bit afraid How many times in
comfortable
have time to someone just sent your life have you
enough to open an
download the file you some malware actually opened an
attachment from a
to your hard drive or a virus that is attachment in a
complete
and open it? going to corrupt cold email?
stranger?
your computer?
First of all, for your file to be opened and analyzed, your prospect has
to really care about you. Truth? Cold email prospects do not care about
you. You might feel like the attachment will make them care. But they
need to care first in order to open the attachment, not the other way
round. That’s how it works.
Second of all, spammers use short emails with attachments. You know
you’re not a spammer but you need to give every assurance to your
prospect that you aren’t one. Come across as a spammer and you won’t
be trusted.
If there’s a split second of hesitation, you chance losing them right then
and there. And if they’re really sensitive (plus, if they’re getting loads of
poorly drafted cold emails daily) they might just mark your message as
spam before actually reading it. In most email clients, they’ll see the
message includes attachments before they even open it.
in this lecture:
Covered
Using flair in your email
#2 Exclamation points
in this lecture:
Covered
Adding GIFs to your email
Make sure you embed the GIFs in the body copy - don’t
send people to another page to view them & don’t add
them as an attachment
EXAMPLES OF GIFS IN EMAILS
HOW TO AND WHEN TO DO IT
GIFs are a social media trend that are small clips of movies, videos,
or animations. While they are mostly seen on social media platforms
and within text conversations, GIFs are often overlooked as a tool to
enhance professional emails. Below is a guide on how to find
relevant GIFs for a professional email and examples of how/when to
use them.
The best way to find relevant GIFs for a professional email is to first
look at the content of your email and the call to action you are asking
for. Next, pull out key words such as the location, the industry, the
product or service, etc. Thirdly, you are easily able to Google or use
websites such as GIPHY to search these keywords until you find the
most fitting GIF.
GIF: https://giphy.com/gifs/nyc-time-lapse-empire-state-building-3o6ZtiZ5ZezlqSOa6k
GIF: https://giphy.com/gifs/house-home-real-estate-l0IylQoMkcbZUbtKw
GIF: https://giphy.com/gifs/rewiredotorg-work-pbs-3ohc182enfGRL38rdu
Cold
Best time to send emails
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
in this lecture:
Covered
When to send your emails
If you send an email around the time they get to work, you
have the chance of being the first thing they see in their
inbox
THE BEST TIME
TO SEND EMAILS
In regards to cold email campaigns, sometimes it isn’t the messaging
or the call to action that is what’s keeping the success rate low, but
when an email gets sent. Below is a guide that will help you put
yourself in a basic decision maker’s shoes to understand a bit more.
S U N D A Y
a day to relax and mentally prepare for your week. You may be going to church,
visiting family, watching sports games and just giving yourself time to do things
you enjoy before you buckle down for the work week. At night, you may check
your calendar and briefly skim through your inbox to prepare for what your
Monday is going to look like – but no decisions will be made here.
M O N D A Y
this is most likely your most stressful day. You open your inbox to over 100 emails
and begin quickly reading through and picking out the important ones. You
begin planning for the week and meeting with your team to sync.
T U e s D A Y
this is the day you really begin executing your plans now that you have sorted out
your weekly goals and your team is aligned on their action items.
w e d n e s D A Y
you are day in execution mode for your weekly game plan and may either
experience a slump in motivation or a new project may arise – nothing ever goes
100% as planned. Most likely, back to back meetings are on your calendar for the
day.
t h u r s D A Y
on this day, you are more strategic as the week is winding down and you’ve gotten
over the mid-week slump. You’re most likely checking emails more regularly and
trying to respond to any threads that have been lingering during the beginning of
the week.
f r i D A Y
this is most likely the least productive day. You may have shorter hours, you may
be working a 9/80 schedule, or you may simply be closing the loop on things
throughout the day.
s a t u r D A Y
unless you are in peak busy season, you are trying to remain off work matters and
actions.
Going through the likely day of a busy executive shows that Tuesday and
Thursday are the days with a higher probability of an executive giving you
a moment out of their day. Realistically, Tuesday seems like a day that
they would be more open to new ideas and have a 15-30 minutes to
dedicate to you.
Next, time of day is important. You can’t email or call someone during
lunch hours or too close to the end of the day. It is recommended that the
9-11am window is best – speaking in all time zones. 9am CST means 8am
PST and 10am EST and so forth.
https://blog.hubspot.com/sales/best-time-send-email-report-2015
https://customer.io/blog/best-time-to-send-email/
https://optinmonster.com/the-best-time-to-send-emails-heres-what-studies-show/
Cold
Following up
Email
LECTURE SUMMARY
d in this lecture:
Covere
Follow-up emails