Fuel cell systems that have the potential to blur the line between a UPS system and an onsite

power generation plant cells are continuing to mature, and a number of technologies are now
being offered on the market. Availability of fuel cell products is limited, but they hold promise
as they continue to develop. Another developing technology is the use of very high availability
onsite power generation plants to both reap savings from cogeneration and, combined with a
utility power interconnect, provide a UPS capability (see Self Generation chapter).
BENCHMARKING FINDINGS/CASE STUDIES
Recent testing conducted by EPRI PEAC for a LBNL data center project confirmed an increase
in power efficiency of about 5% when a double conversion UPS system was run in its optional
‘high efficiency’ line interactive mode and the standard double conversion operation.
In one test, transferring the power supply from the utility line to the batteries was seen to cause
only a very brief voltage sag (1/2-1 cycle). A UPS with a line reactive mode (often referred to as
a high efficiency or ‘eco’ mode) is a good energy efficiency option if the data center equipment
can tolerate the switchover time of the high efficiency mode, as most standard computer power
supplies can. The system should also be checked to verify its compatibility with the installed
backup generator system. Specifying a dual mode capable UPS system offers considerable
flexibility in accommodating future equipment that may have unusually sensitive power
supplies requiring the highest degree of power conditioning provided by a double conversion
unit. These systems can also be switched to double conversion mode in known extreme
conditions, such as during extended brownouts or periods of generator operation.
FIGURE 7
INTERRUPTION OF POWER WHEN
SWITCHING FROM PASSIVE STANDBY
MODE TO HIGH EFFICIENCY MODE

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