Greek Culture

TASK SHEET

Terms…

Match the definitions and the terms

Philosophy, materialism, idealism, dialectic, hedonism, stoicism

Idealism
● The belief that the world is based on ideas, what we see in the world is their image
Hedonism
● The uncontrolled enjoyment of pleasures in life
Philosophy
● The study of the features and the meaning of existence, reality and knowledge
Dialectic
● The world is made up of opposites, development is from the conflict of them.
Materialism
● Belief that only material things exist (that can be touched).
Stoicism
● The idea of staying calm, not showing feelings and desires

Philosophers:

Pair the philosophers with their ideas.

1. Heracleitus d. a. said that the world was made up of atoms

2. Democritus a. b. was the pupil of Socrates, believed in the
world of ideas, and said what we see in the
world is the imperfect reflection of the
perfect ideas.
3. Socrates f. c. said that pleasure was the most important
goal in life
4. Plato b. d. worked out the ideas of dialectic, and the
art of logical, critical analysis of processes
5. Aristotle g. e. said that pain and pleasure should be taken
with indifference, that is the key to
happiness. He was a Stoics.
6. Epicurus c. f. worked and taught through dialogues,
questioned everything in the world and he
tried to teach, understand and explain
everything through his questioning. He was
sentenced to commit suicide for the
“corruption of the youth.”
7. Zeno e. g. teacher of Alexander the Great, worked
out the method of scientific understanding of
 the world. The founder of logic. He had great
influence on later thinkers, too.

Other great Greeks….

Herodotus, Thucydides Homer, Hippocrates, Pythagoras, Thales, Pheidias, Polybius,

Plutarch, Aristarchus, Ptolemy, Archimedes

Aristarchus
● He said that the earth goes around the sun (heliocentric world view)
Plutarch
● He was a historian who wrote about the lives of famous Greek and Roman leaders.
Herodotus
● He is the father of history writing, wrote about the Greco-Persian Wars.
Homer
● He wrote epic poems about the Dark Ages. (The Iliad, The Odyssey)
Hippocrates
● He started the scientific study of health. The oath of doctors is called after him.
Pythagoras
● A2+b2=c2 (theorem about right-angled triangles)
Thales
● He has a theorem about circles; he could predict eclipses.
Archimedes
● Found out that an object put in water looses as much weight as the weight of the
water that it pushes out. From the container. He ran naked in the street of Syracuse
shouting “Eureka” – I’ve found it!!! Later, he was killed during the Punic wars.
Polybius
● He was a historian who wrote about the rise of the Roman Empire.
Pheidias
● The greatest sculptor of ancient Greece, made the statue of Zeus in Olympia.
Ptolemy
● He said that the earth is the centre of the universe (geocentric world view)
Thucydides
● He was a historian who documented the Peloponnesian War.

Architecture…

The ancient Greeks used 3 types of columns/pillars…

DRAW and NAME them…

Look for pictures…

● Parthenon

● The Acropolis

● The Greek theatre

●
● Pheidias: Statue of Zeus

● Myron: The discus thrower

● The lighthouse of Alexandria

● The Laokoon group