LTE. Path from 4G to 5G.

How to use unlicensed spectrum

© 2017 Nokia
4.5G evolution makes the path to 5G
Stepwise evolution in LTE and 5G

Test with Pre/Commercial Commercial

5G operators
AirScale
Specific use cases
5GOTSA based
Interoperable
3GPP compliant
5G

1++ Gbps
10x faster 4.9G Cloud RAN
<10 ms latency
5G continuity

4.5G Gigabit LTE 5G readiness

10x faster AirScale
Pro
4G
Broadband
+IoT
+Public Safety
4.5G
2 © 2017 Nokia
4.5G 1Gbps LTE
The flexible toolbox for Gigabit LTE 

on given spectrum

Pro AirScale / 5G readiness

3 © 2017 Nokia
MIMO Evolution | 200% capacity gain with mMIMO (massive MIMO)
From 2 to 64 antenna paths per cell
combined with
256QAM and mMIMO
Carrier Aggregation
Semi static
4x2MIMO, 4x4MIMO beams
8x2MIMO, 8x4MIMO
2x2 MIMO

3GPP Rel.8-based 3GPP Rel.10- based LTE-A (field Potential of LTE-A Pro, 5G
commercial LTE measurements, FDD) • 16 (Rel. 13) and 64 (Rel. 14)
• Commercial mainstream (FDD, • 2x faster peak data rates
 antenna paths
2015) with 4x4MIMO • 200% spectral efficiency
• 50% higher cell capacity increase with 64 antenna paths
(FDD)
Available (widely used)
Available (limited by UEs) Planned (2017/18)
4 © 2017 Nokia
CA | further Evolution (3GPP perspective)

LTE-Advanced Pro 25Gbps

DL DL
Carrier
Aggregation 640MHz
with up to 32 MIMO 8x8
component 256QAM
carriers

UL
9.6Gbps
Carrier
UL
Aggregation
with up to 32 640MHz
component MIMO 4x4
carriers
64QAM

5 © 2017 Nokia
 Extending the Small Cell Multi-band portfolio with unlicensed spectrum
LTE-U/LAA and LWIP with common hardware platforms
LTE-U (Pre 3GPP R13) / 3GPP Rel.13 LAA 3GPP Rel.13 LWA
40-80 MHz DL 40+ MHz DL
With 802.11ac

>300
DL Up to

20MHz
600 20MHz Mbps
Mbps 20MHz

20MHz 20+ MHz

20MHz

PCC – primary component carrier Wi-Fi Wi-Fi

Lic
Wi-Fi LTE
SCC – secondary component carrier LTE
Unlicensed
Lic LTE
LTE Co-located LWA Non co-located LWA

• Licensed LTE + unlicensed LTE • Integrated LTE + Wi-Fi

to maximize coverage and throughput • Peak Data Rate
• Peak DL Data Rate via licensed LTE and WiFi Carrier
via licensed LTE and unlicensed LTE Carrier Aggegation
• Supports Downlink and Uplink Aggregation
• Unlicensed LTE and Wi-Fi Fairness - eCSAT and R13 LBT
• RF bandwidths: 20 DL + 20 UL Licensed + 802.11ac
7 © 2017 Nokia
 LTE Unlicensed | LAA for band 3 + 46D (1800MHz + 5GHz)

Licensed Bands Unlicensed Bands (used for WLAN)

46D
and 

3GP UNII-3
(450-3800MHz) 2,4GHz 5GHz

Pb
(BW = 83,5MHz) (BW = 610MHz)

2483,5MHz
2600MHz
1800MHz

3500MHz
2100MHz

2400MHz

5850MHz
5350MHz
5250MHz

5470MHz
5150MHz

5725MHz
900MHz
850MHz
700MHz
450MHz

Spectrum
83,5MHz 100MHz 100MHz 255MHz 155MHz
usage

UL DL DL
10MHz CA 10+20MHz (⇨ 225Mbps) 20MHz
CA Examples

20MHz CA 20+40MHz (⇨ 450Mbps) 2x20MHz

20MHz CA 20+60MHz (⇨ 600Mbps) 3x20MHz

8 © 2017 Nokia Suitable spectrum for LTE-U/LAA 60MHz

5G and 4.9G | Evolution of LTE-Advanced to 5G service continuity
Five Key Technology Components of 5G

#1 New Spectrum
5G
90 GHz
3 mm LTE
Wi-Fi
30 GHz
1 cm
#2 Massive MIMO #4 Multi-Connectivity
10 GHz
#3 Flexible frame design #5 Distributed Architecture
3 GHz time
Δt

10 cm User #3
Δf
• Flexible RS
• Flexible size,
ycneuqer f

User #4 User #5

User #2
300 MHz User #2 control, TDD,
bandwidth etc
1 # r e sU
1 # r e sU

1m
User #3 User #5

One tile corresponds to the smallest user allocation

Gateway

9 © 2017 Nokia