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4.3 The Normal Distribution
4.3 The Normal Distribution
Prepared by:
Asst. Prof. Xandro Alexi A. Nieto
Properties of the Normal Distribution
X − mean
= Z − score
SD
𝐙 − 𝐬𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐞
• positive z-score: X is above the mean
• negative z-score: X is below the mean
The Z-score
Which is better?
Two equivalent tests were given to a group.
The tests are designed with different scales.
The results are normally distributed and
summarized below. Which is better, a score of
145 in Test I or a score of 60 in Test II?
145−100 60−40
Z= =3 Z= =4
15 5
The Z-score
Which is better?
Juan got 130 in Chemistry and 113 in
Math. If the scores in Chemistry and
Math are normally distributed with
mean of 140 (SD = 5) and
125 (SD = 4), respectively, in what
course did he perform better?
Is a higher z-score
always better?
Higher than the normal level Very low temperature (than the
of glucose. normal) in desert
The Normal Distribution functions
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Examples:
Answer: 0.7995
P(Z<0.84) = 0.7995
14
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Examples:
Answer: 0.1112
P(Z<-1.22) = 0.1112
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Examples:
Answer: 0.0212
P(Z>2.03) = 1 – P(Z<2.03)
= 1 – 0.9788
= 0.0212
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Examples:
Answer: 0.9251
Examples:
Answer: 0.2518
Examples:
Answer: 0.9500
19
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Examples:
Answer: z = -0.36
Examples:
Answer: z = -0.61
P(Z>-0.61) = 0.7300
21
21
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Examples:
P(-1.65<Z<1.65) = 0.9000
22
22
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Word Problems:
Suppose that the weights of a
babies are normally
distributed, with a mean weight
of 3.3 Kg and standard
deviation of 0.6 Kg. What is the
probability that a randomly
selected baby has a
birthweight of:
a) less than 3.0 Kg X − μ 3.0 − μ X − μ 3.0 − 3.3
P X < 3.0 = P < =P <
σ σ σ 0.6
=NORMDIST(3.0,3.3,0.6,TRUE) = P Z < −0.5
= 0.3085
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Word Problems:
Suppose that the weights of a
babies are normally
distributed, with a mean weight
of 3.3 Kg and standard
deviation of 0.6 Kg. What is the
probability that a randomly
selected baby has a
birthweight of:
b) more than 4.2 Kg X − μ 4.2 − 3.3
P X > 4.2 = P > = P Z > 1.50
σ 0.6
=1-NORMDIST(4.2,3.3,0.6,TRUE) = 0.0668
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Word Problems:
Suppose that the weights of a
babies are normally
distributed, with a mean weight
of 3.3 Kg and standard
deviation of 0.6 Kg. What is the
probability that a randomly
selected baby has a
birthweight of:
c) between than 2.85 and 3.9 Kg
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Word Problems:
c) between than 2.85 and 3.9 Kg
2.85 − 3.3 X − μ 3.9 − 3.3
P 2.85 < X < 3.9 = P < <
0.6 σ 0.6
= P −0.75 < Z < 1.00
= 0.6147
=NORMDIST(3.9,3.3,0.6,TRUE)-NORMDIST(2.85,3.3,0.6,TRUE)
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Word Problems:
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Word Problems:
The National Medical Admission Test
(NMAT) are scores reported in
standard form, called the General
Performance Score (GPS), and have a
range of 200 to 800, based from the
norm group with mean of 500, and What the percentile rank of the
standard deviation of 100. It was examinee who got a score of 710?
stated, “A GPS score of 539 has a
percentile rank of 65, indicating that P X < 710 = P Z < 2.10
the score belongs to the upper 35% = 0.982 or 98.2%
while 65% of the norm group scored
lower.”
Area Under the Normal Distribution
Word Problems:
The National Medical Admission Test
(NMAT) are scores reported in
standard form, called the General
Performance Score (GPS), and have a
range of 200 to 800, based from the
norm group with mean of 500, and If the percentile of the examinee is 97%,
standard deviation of 100. It was what is his GPS?
stated, “A GPS score of 539 has a P X < x = 0.97
percentile rank of 65, indicating that P 𝑍 < 𝑧 = 0.97
the score belongs to the upper 35% P(X<688.08) = 0.97
while 65% of the norm group scored
lower.” =NORMINV(0.97,500,100)
END OF UNIT 4.3