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  • Biology IX - C

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    Gul Jan Nahiyo
    9 views116 pages
    The document is a chapter-by-chapter summary of biology topics: 1. It introduces biology and covers basic concepts like cells, tissues, and the cell cycle. 2. It discusses solving biological problems and biodiversity, including different types of species classifications. 3. It covers several systems in the human body like nutrition, transport, and bioenergetics. Key topics are summarized for each chapter, with some chapters going into further detail on specific concepts and examples.

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    Original Title

    Biology IX_c (1)

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    The document is a chapter-by-chapter summary of biology topics: 1. It introduces biology and covers basic concepts like cells, tissues, and the cell cycle. 2. It discusses solving biological problems and biodiversity, including different types of species classifications. 3. It covers several systems in the human body like nutrition, transport, and bioenergetics. Key topics are summarized for each chapter, with some chapters going into further detail on specific concepts and examples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    9 views116 pages

    Biology IX - C

    Uploaded by

    Gul Jan Nahiyo
    The document is a chapter-by-chapter summary of biology topics: 1. It introduces biology and covers basic concepts like cells, tissues, and the cell cycle. 2. It discusses solving biological problems and biodiversity, including different types of species classifications. 3. It covers several systems in the human body like nutrition, transport, and bioenergetics. Key topics are summarized for each chapter, with some chapters going into further detail on specific concepts and examples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 116

    ) (

    9
    ) (
    1 1

    18 2

    29 3

    52 4

    92 5

    108 6

    120 7

    142 8

    180 9
    1 (Introduction of Biology)
    3 2

    .2

    1.1
    3
    5 4
    7
    3 6
    3
    9 8

    1.2

    .1
    11
    3 10
    13
    3 12
    15
    3 14
    17
    3 16
    2
    (Solving A Biological Problem)
    19 20

    2.1
    21 22
    23 24
    25 26
    27 28
    3 ( Biodiversity )
    31 30

    3.1
    33 32

    3.2
    35 34

    3.3
    37 36
    39 38

    3.4

    DNA

    DNA
    41 40

    3.5
    43 42

    3.6

    .1
    .2
    .3

    .1
    .2
    .3
    45 44

    30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0%


    Vulnerable Endangered Critically endangered
    47 46
    49 48
    51 50
    4 (Cell and Tissues)

    hcamotS

    evitcennoc esooL
    eussit

    radnomoulB
    loC
    muilehtipe
    53 54

    4.1
    55 56

    4.2
    57 58

    1665

    1670

    1683

    1833

    1839

    1839

    1840

    1845

    1855

    1862
    59 60

    DNA
    61 62

    1-1000 µm 1-10 µm
    63 64
    65 66
    67 68

    H 2O

    H 2O
    69 70

    Na+
    + -

    - +
    +
    K
    71 72
    73 74
    75 76

    4.3

    5400 µm2 16,200 µm2

    µm µm

    µm

    = 6 x (30µm x 30µm) = 5400 µm2


    2
    = 6 x (10µm x 10µm) = 600 µm
    27 = 27 x 600µm2 = 16,200 µm2
    77 78

    4.4
    79 80
    81 82
    83 84
    85 86
    87 88
    89 90
    91 92
    5 (Cell Cycle)

    G0

    DNA

    G2 G1

    DNA

    s
    93 94

    5.1

    5.2
    95 96

    5.3
    97 98

    5.5

    5.4
    99 100
    101 102
    103 104
    105 106
    107 108
    6 ( Enzymes )
    109 110

    6.2

    6.1
    111 112

    37 OC

    0 10 20 30 40 50 60
    113 114

    6.3
    115 116

    6.4
    117 118
    119 120
    7 (Bioenergetics)

    6 2

    5 3

    4
    121 122

    7.1

    e
    Ae B

    e
    A e
    B
    123 124

    7.2

    + +

    Light
    6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
    Chlorophyll

    P P P A P P A + P +

    ATP ADP

    (7.3 Kcal/mole)
    125 126

    CO2+H2O

    ATP

    ADP Pi
    127 128

    NADPH

    ATP
    129 130

    (1)

    (2)
    O
    30 C, 0.15% CO2
    C
    O
    20 C, 0.16% CO2
    B (3)
    20OC, 30OC, 0.05% CO2
    A

    (4)
    Z
    131 132

    (5)

    (6)

    (7)

    7.3

    + + +
    C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
    133 134

    + +
    C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + Some ATP
    + + +
    C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP

    +
    C6H12O6 2C3H6O3+ 2CO2 + Some ATP

    2ATP

    2x
    2x
    2x +2CO2

    2x

    2ATP
    4CO 2

    34 ATP

    O2
    H 2O
    135 136
    137 138
    139 140
    141 142
    8 (Nutrition)
    143 144

    Co2
    O2

    H2O

    6CO2 + 12H20 C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2

    8.1
    145 146
    147 148
    149 150
    151 152
    153 154

    -5
    155 156
    157 158

    8.2
    159 160
    161 162
    163 164
    165 166

    8.3
    167 168
    169 170
    171 172
    173 174

    8.4
    175 176
    177 178
    179 186
    187

    9 (Transport)
    181 182

    9.1
    183 184

    9.2
    185 186
    187 188

    9.3
    189 190
    191 192

    9.4
    193 194

    9.5
    195 196
    197 198
    199 200
    201 202
    203 204
    205 206
    207 208
    209 210
    211 212

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