ICS 77.140.

75
H 48

National Standard of the People’s Republic of China

GB/T 14976-2012
Substitution of GB/T 14976-2002

Seamless Stainless Steel Pipes for Fluid Transport

Issued on May 11th, 2012 Executed on Feb. 1st, 2013-9-23

Issued by General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of
China
and Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China
 GB/T 14976-2012

Foreword
This standard is draft up in accordance with rules of GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard is formulated by reference to ASTM A 269/A 269M-04 Seamless and Welded Stainless Austenite
Steel Pipe for General Purpose, ASTM A 312/A 312M-05a Seamless, Welded and Deep Cold Processing Austenite
Stainless Steel Pipe and ASTM A 268/A 268M-05a Seamless and Welded Ferrite and Martensite Stainless Steel
Pipe for General Purpose.
This standard substitutes GB/T 14976-2002 Seamless Stainless Steel Pipes for Fluid Transport. Comparing with
GB/T 14976-2002, this standard is revised as follows:
- Added delivery method based on minimum wall thickness ;
- Modified allowable dimensional deviation of pipes;
- Deleted signs example;
- Grade and chemical composition of steel is changed in line with GB/T 20878;
- Steel grade of and
12Cr13 are added;
- Deleted bipolar steel grade and relative content;
- Modified requirements on hydraulic test of pipes;
- Added informative Appendix A Comparison Table of Grade
This standard is proposed by China Iron Association.
This standard is centralized by China Steel Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 183).
Drafting unit of this standard: Jiangsu Wujin Stainless Steel Pipe Group Co., Ltd.
Panggang Group Chengdu Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Pipe Co., Ltd., Shanghai
Shangshang Stainless Steel Pipe Co., Ltd., Yongxing Special Stainless Steel Co., Ltd. and China Metallurgical
Information Standardization Institute.
Major drafter of this standard is: Song Jianxin, Zhou Zhibin, Yan Ru, Li Qi, Ji Xuewen, Yang Hui, Wang Jianyong,
Chen Zemin and Dongli.
Successive versions of the standard substituted by this standard are as follows:
- GB/T 14976-1994;
- GB/T 14976-2002.
 GB/T 14976-2012
Seamless Stainless Steel Pipes for Fluid Transport
1. Scope
This standard specifies category, symbol, order content, dimension, shape, weight, technical requirements, test
method, inspection rules, packing, signs and quality certificate of seamless stainless steel pipes for fluid transport.
This standard is applicable for seamless stainless steel pipes (hereinafter referred to as steel pipe) for fluid transport.
2. Normative Reference
The following files are necessary for application of this file. For all quoted files noted with date, only versions of
noted date are applicable for this file. For all quoted files without noted date, their latest versions shall be
appropriate to this file.
GB/T 222 Permissible deviations for chemical composition of steel products
GB/T 223.9 Iron, steel and alloy – Determination of aluminum content - Chrome azurol S
photometric method
GB/T 223.11 Iron, steel and alloy – Determination of chromium content - Visual titration or
potentiometric titration method
GB/T 223.16 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The chromotropic acid photometric method
for the determination of titanium content
GB/T 223.18 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The sodium thiosulfate separation iodimetric
method for the determination of copper content
GB/T 223.25 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The dimethylglyoxime gravimetric method
for the determination of nickel content
GB/T 223.28 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The D-denzoinoxime gravimetric method for
the determination of molybdenum content
GB/T 223.36 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The neutral titration method for the
determination of nitrogen content after distillation separation
GB/T 223.40 Iron, steel and alloy - Detetmination of niobium content - The sulphochlorophenol S
spectrophotometric method
GB/T 223.60 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The perchloric acid dehydration gravimetric
method for the determination of silicon content
GB/T 223.62 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The butyl acetate extraction photometric
method for the determination of phosphorus content
GB/T 223.63 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The sodium (potassium) periodate
photometric method for the determination of manganese content
GB/T 223.68 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The potassium iodate titration method after
combustion in the pipe furnace for the determination of sulfur content
GB/T 223.69 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of carbon contents - Gas-volumetric method after combustion in
the pipe furnace
GB/T 228.1 Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
GB/T 241 Metal materials – Tube - Hydrostatic pressure test
GB/T 242 Metal materials – Tube - Drift-expending test
GB/T 246 Metal materials – Tube - Flattening test
GB/T 2012 Acceptance, packing, symbols and quality certificate of pipes
GB/T 2975 Steel and steel products Location and preparation of test pieces for mechanical testing
GB/T 4334-2008 Corrosion of metals and alloys - Test methods for intergranular corrosion of stainless steels
GB/T 5777-2008 Seamless steel pipe and tubing methods for ultrasonic testing
GB/T 7735-2004 Steel tubes - The inspection method on eddy current test
GB/T 11170 Stainless steel - Determination of multi-element contents - Spark discharge atomic emission
spectrometric method (routine method)
GB/T 17395 Dimensions, shapes, masses and deviations of seamless steel tubes
GB/T 20066 Steel and iron - Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition
GB/T 20123 Steel and iron - Determination of total carbon and sulfur content Infrared absorption method after
combustion in an induction furnace (routine method)
GB/T 20124 Steel and iron - Determination of nitrogen content - Thermal conductimetric method after fusion in a
current of inert gas
GB/T 14976-2012

GB/T 20878  Stainless and heat-resisting steels - Designation and chemical composition
3. Category and Symbol
3.1 Steel pipes can be divided into two categories according to processing method of products and category and
symbol separately are:
— Hot rolled (extruded, expanded) steel pipe W-H;
— Cold drawn (rolled) steel pipe W-C.
3.2 Steel pipes can be divided into two grades based on dimensional accuracy and grade and symbol separately are:
— Ordinary grade PA;
— Advanced grade PC.
3.3 The following symbols are applicable for this standard:
— D outer diameter or nominal outer diameter;
— S wall thickness or nominal wall thickness;
— Smin minimum wall thickness.
4. Order Content
Contract or order, orders steel pipes, pursuant to this standard should include but not limited to the following
content:
a) No. of standard:
b) Product name;
c) Steel grade;
d) Dimensions;
e) Ordered quantity (total weight or total length);
f) Delivery state;
g) Selective requirements;
h) Other special requirements.
5. Dimension, Shape and Weight
5.1 Outer Diameter and Wall Thickness
5.1.1 Delivery of steel pipes should be based on nominal outer diameter and nominal wall thickness. According to
requirements of the purchaser, delivery of steel pipes can be performed on the basis of nominal outer diameter and
nominal wall thickness or other dimensions after negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser.
5.1.2 Outer diameter and wall thickness of steel pipes should be in line with relevant regulations of GB/T 17395.
According to requirements of the purchaser, steel pipes of other dimensions out of specified scope of GB/T 17395
can be supplied after negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser.
5.1.3 When steel pipes are delivered based on nominal outer diameter and nominal wall thickness, permissible
deviation of nominal outer diameter and nominal wall thickness should be in accordance with regulations of Table
1. When steel pipes are delivered based on nominal outer diameter and minimum wall thickness, permissible
deviation of nominal outer diameter should be in accordance with Table 1, while permissible deviation of wall
thickness should be in compliance with regulations Table 2.
5.1.4 When a purchaser does not indicate permissible deviation level of steel pipe dimensions in contract,
permissible deviation of outer diameter and wall thickness of steel pipes should in conformity with rules of
ordinary grade dimension accuracy. When a purchaser requires advanced dimension accuracy, it should be indicated
in the contract.
5.1.5 According to requirements of the purchaser, steel pipe, allowable dimensions deviation of which is out of
scope of Table 1 and Table 2, can be supplied after negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser and being
indicated in contract.
 GB/T 14976-2012

Table 1 Permissible Deviation of Outer Diameter and Wall Thickness Unit: mm

Hot Rolled (Extruded, Expanded) Steel Pipe Cold Drawn (Rolled) Steel Pipe
Dimension permissible deviation Dimension permissible deviation
Ordinary Advanced Ordinary Advanced
grade PA grade PC grade PA grade PC
Nominal 68~159 ±1.25%D ±1%D Nominal 6~10 ±0.20 ±0.15
Outer Outer >10~30 ±0.30 ±0.20
Diameter Diameter >30~50 ±0.40 ±0.30
>159 ±1.5%D D >50~219 ±0.85%D ±0.75%D
>219 ±0.9%D ±0.8%D
Nominal <15 +15%S ±12.5%S Nominal ≤3 ±12%S ±10%S
Wall -12.5%S Wall
Thickness ≥15 +20%S Thickness >3 +12.5%S ±10%S
-15%S S -10%S

Table 1 Permissible Deviation of Minimum Wall Thickness Unit: mm

Manufacturing Method Dimension Permissible Deviation
Ordinary grade PA Advanced grade PC
Hot Rolled (Extruded, Smin < 15 +25%Smin +22.5%Smin
Expanded) Steel Pipe W-H 0 0
Smin ≥ 15 +32.5%Smin
0
Cold Drawn (Rolled) Steel Pipe All wall thickness +22%S +20%S
W-C 0 0

5.2 Length
5.2.1 Normal Length
Normal length of steel pipes should be in line with the following rules:
— Hot rolled (extruded, expanded) steel pipe, 2 000 mm ~ 12 000 mm;
— Cold drawn (rolled) steel pipe, 1 000 mm ~ 12 000 mm;
5.2.2 Specified Length and Multiple Length
According to requirements of the purchaser, delivery of steel pipes can be based on specified length and multiple
length after negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser and being indicated in contract. Specified length and
multiple length should within the scope of normal length. Permissible deviation of total length should be
mm and incision margin should be left for each multiple length according to the following rules:
— Outer diameter ≤ 159 mm, 5 mm ~10 mm;
— Outer diameter > 159 mm, 10 mm ~15 mm;
5.2.3 For steel pipes with special specification, e.g. steel pipes of extremely thin wall, whose wall thickness is no
more than 3% outer diameter and small diameter steel pipe with outer diameter of no more than 30 mm, etc., length
deviation of this kind of pipes can be determined through additional negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser.
GB/T 14976-2012

5.3 Curvature
5.3.1 Curvature of Total Length
Total length curvature of a Steep pipe should not be over 0.15% of its total length.
5.3.2 Curvature of Each Meter
Each meter curvature of a Steep pipe should follow the following rules:
— wall thickness ≤ 15mm, 1.5mm/m;
— wall thickness > 15mm, 2.0mm/m;
— hot expanded Steep pipe, 3.0 mm/m.
5.4 Shape of Ends
End face of a steel pipe’ s both sides should be perpendicular to axis of a steel pipe. And burrs on incisions should
be removed.
5.5 Non-circularity and Wall Unevenness
According to requirements of the purchaser, non-circularity and wall unevenness of steel pipes should separately
not exceed tolerance of outer diameter and 80% of tolerance of wall thickness after negotiation between a supplier
and a purchaser and being indicated in contract.
5.6 Weight
5.6.1 Delivery of steel pipes should be based on actual weight.
5.6.2 According to requirements of the purchaser, if it is indicated in contract, delivery of steel pipes can be
conducted according theoretical weight. Theoretical weight of each meter pipe should be calculated on the basis of
formula (1):

…………………(1)
Of which:
W — theoretical weight of pipe and its unit is kg/m;
π— 3.1416;
ρ— density of pipe and its unit is kg/dm3. For thickness of steel pipes, see Table 4;
S — nominal wall thickness of pipe and its unit is mm;
D — nominal outer diameter of pipe and its unit is mm;
For pipes to be delivery according to nominal outer diameter and nominal wall thickness, theoretical weight should
be calculated based on average wall thickness. And its average wall thickness is average value of maximum and
minimum wall thickness that is calculated based on wall thickness and its permissible deviation.
When steel pipes are delivered on the basis of theoretical weight, a supplier and a purchaser can negotiate
permissible deviation of weight and indicate it in the contract.
6. Technical Requirements
6.1 Grade and Chemical Composition of Steel
6.1.1 Grade and chemical composition of steel should in accordance with Table 3. Acceptance of steel pipes shall
be according to smelting composition.
According to requirements of the purchaser, steel pipes, whose grade and chemical composition is out of scope of
Table 3, but in conformity with GB/T 20878, can be supplied after negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser
and being indicated in contract.
6.1.2 If a purchaser requires product analysis, it should be indicated in contract. Permissible chemical composition
deviation of finished steel pipes should be in keeping with GB/T 222.
GB/T 14976-2012
6.2 Manufacturing Method
6.2.1 Smelting Process of Steel
Steel should be smelted by adopting the process of crude smelting water plus secondary refining. Other smelting
process can also be applied through negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser.
6.2.2 Manufacturing Method of Steel pipes
Steel pipes should be manufactured by adopting hot rolled (extruded, expanded) or cold drawn (rolled) seamless
approach. Hot expanded steel pipes should refer to pipes with larger diameter, which are formed by expansion after
overall heating of blank steel pipes. When one manufacturing method is designated by a purchaser, it should be
indicated in contract.
6.3 Delivery State
6.3.1 Steel pipes should be delivered after heat treatment and pickling. All Steel pipes, which are overall grinded,
bored or treated by heat treatment in protective gases, can be delivered without pickling. For recommend heat
treatment system of finished steel pipes, see Table 4.
6.3.2 If direct water cooling or other fast cooling is conducted to austenite hot extruded pipes after thermal
deformation within scope of heat treatment temperature specified in Table 4, it should be deemed that pipes are in
compliance with requirements on heat treatment of steel pipes.
6.3.3 According to requirements of the purchaser, austenite cold drawn (rolled) can be delivered under cold
processing state after negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser and being indicated in contract.
6.3.4 It is negotiated and agreed by a supplier and a purchaser and indicated in contract that other heat treatment
systems out of scope of Table 4 can be employed to steel pipes.
6.4 Mechanical Property
6.4.1 Longitudinal mechanical property (tensile strength Rm and percentage elongation after fracture A) of steel
pipes under heat treatment state should be in line with Table 4.
6.4.2 According to requirements of the purchaser, non-proportional elongation strength RP0.2 of steel pipes can be
inspected and inspection results should be in accordance with Table 4 after negotiation between a supplier and a
purchaser and being indicated in contract.
GB/T 14976-2012
Table 3 Grade and Chemical Composition
Structure No GB/T 20878 Chemical Composition (Mass Fraction) a/%
Grade
Type Unified
No
Code C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Cu N Other

Number

1 13 S30210 12Cr18Ni9 0.15 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 8.00~10 17.00~1 _ _ 0.10

.00 9.00

2 17 S30408 06Cr19Nil0 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 8.00~11 18.00~2 _ _ _

.00 0.00

3 18 S30403 022Cr19Nil0 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 8.00~12 18.00~2 _ _ _ _

.00 0.00

4 23 S30458 06Cr19Nil0N 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 8.00~11 18.00~2 _ _ 0.10~ _
Austenite
.00 0.00 0.16

5 24 S30478 06Cr19Ni9NbN 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 7.50~10 18.00~2 _ _ 0.15~ _

.50 0.00 0.30

6 25 S30453 022Cr19Nil0N 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 8.00~11 18.00~2 _ _ 0.10~ _

.00 0.00 0.16

7 32 S30908 06Cr23Nil3 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 12.00~1 22.00~2 _ _ _ Nb:0.15

5.00 4.00

8 35 S31008 06Cr25Ni20 0.08 1.50 2.00 0.035 0.30 19.00~2 24.0~2 _ _ _ _

2.00 6.00

9 38 S31608 06Cr17Nil2Mo2 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 10.00~1 16.00~ 2.00~ _ _ _
4.00 18.00 3.00

10 39 S31603 022Cr17Nil2Mo2 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 10.00~1 16.00~ 2.00~ _ _ _
4.00 18.00 3.00

11 40 S31609 07Cr17Nil2Mo2 0.04~ 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 10.00~1 16.00~ 2.00~ _ _ _

0.10 4.00 18.00 3.00

12 41 S31668 06Cr17Nil2Mo2Ti 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.30 10.00~1 16.00~ 2.00~ _ _ Ti:5C~0.7
4.00 18.00 3.00 0
 GB/T 14976-2012

Table 3 Grade and Chemical Composition (Continued)

Structure No GB/T 20878 Chemical Composition (Mass Fraction) a/%
Grade
Type Unified
No
Code C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Cu N Other

Number

13 43 S31658 06Cr17Nil2Mo2N 008 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030 10.00~1 16.00~1 2.00~ _ 0.10~

3.00 8.00 3.00 0.16

14 44 S31653 022Cr7Nil2Mo2N 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030 10.00~1 16.00~1 2.00~ _ 0.10~

3.00 8.00 3.00 0.16

15 45 S31688 06Cr18Nil2Mo2Cu2 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030 10.00~1 17.00~1 1.20~ 1.00~ _ _

4.00 9.00 2.75 2.50

16 46 S31683 022Cr18Nil4Mo2Cu2 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030 12.00~1 17.00~1 1.20~ 1.00~ _ _
Austenite
6.00 9.00 2.75 2.50

14 49 S31708 06Cr19NIl3Mo3 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030 11.00~1 18.00~2 3.00~ _ _ _

5.00 0.00 4.00

18 50 S31703 022Cr19Nil3Mo3 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030 11.00~1 18.00~2 3.00~ _ _ _

5.00 0.00 4.00

19 55 S32168 06Cr18Nil1Ti 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030 9.00~12 17.00~1 _ _ _ Ti:5C~

.00 9.00 0.70

20 56 S32169 07Cr19Nil1Ti 0.04~ 0.75 2.00 0.035 0.030 9.00~13 17.00~ _ _ _ Ti:4C

0.10 .00 20.00 ~0.60

21 62 S34778 06Cr19Nil1Nb 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030 9.00~12 17.00~1 _ _ _ Nb:10
.00 9.00 C~1.1

22 63 S34779 07Cr18Nil1Nb 0.04~ 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030 9.00~12 17.00~1 _ _ _ Nb:8C

0.10 .00 9.00 ~1.10

23 78 S31148 06Cr13Al 0.08 1.00 1.00 0.035 0.030 (0.60) 11.50~1 _ _ _ Al:1.1
Ferrite
4.50 0~0.3

24 84 S11510 10Cr15 0.12 1.00 1.00 0.035 0.030 (0.60) 14.00~ _ _ _ _

16.00
GB/T 14976-2012

Structure No GB/T 20878 Chemical Composition (Mass Fraction) a/%

Grade
Type Unified
No
Code C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Cu N Other

Number

25 85 S11710 10Cr17 0.12 1.00 1.00 0.035 0.030 （ 0. 16.0 — _ — Ti or

60） 0~18 Nb:0.10~

.00 1.00

26 87 S11863 022Cr18Ti 0.030 0.75 1.00 0.035 0.030 （ 0. 16.0 — _ — (Ti+Nb):

Austenite
60） 0~19 ［0.20+

.00 4(C+N)

］~0.80

27 92 S11972 019Cr19Mo2NbTi 0.025 1.00 1.00 0.035 0.030 1.00 17.5 1.75~ _ 0.035 _

0~19 2.50

.50

28 97 S41008 06Cr13 0.08 1.00 1.00 0.035 0.030 (0.60 11.5 _ _ _ _

Ferrite
) 0~13

.50

29 98 S41010 12Cr13 0.15 1.00 1.00 0.035 0.030 (0.60 11.5 _ _ _ _

) 0~13

.50

Table 3 Grade and Chemical Composition (Continued)

a
For composition listed in the table, unless scope or minimum value is noted, all are maximum values. Values within
parentheses are maximum values that are allowed to be added.
 GB/T 14976-2012

Table 4 Recommended Heat Treatment System, Mechanical Property and Density of Steel Pipes
Structure No GB/T 20878 Mechanical Property

Type
Grade Recommended Heat
Unified Code
No Treatment System Density
Number Tensile Specified Plastic Percentage

Strength Elongation Strength Elongation after

not less than

1 12 S30210 12Cr18Ni9 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 520 205 35 7.93

Water cooling or other fast

2 17 S30438 06Cr19Nil0 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 520 205 35 7.93

Water cooling or other fast

3 18 S30403 022Cr19Nil0 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 480 175 35 7.90

Water cooling or other fast

4 23 S30458 06Cr19Nil0N 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 550 275 35 7.93

Water cooling or other fast

5 24 S30478 06Cr19Ni9NbN 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 685 345 35 7.98

Water cooling or other fast

6 25 S30453 022Cr19Nil10N 1 030 ℃~1 150℃， 550 245 40 7.93

Water cooling or other fast

7 32 S30908 06Cr23Nil3 1 030 ℃~1 150℃， 520 205 40 7.98

Water cooling or other fast

8 35 S31008 06Cr25Ni20 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 520 205 40 7.98
Austenite
Water cooling or other fast
9 38 S31608 06Cr17Nil2Mo2 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 520 205 35 8.00

Water cooling or other fast

10 39 S31603 022Cr17Nil2Mo2 ≥1 040℃, Water cooling 480 175 35 8.00

or other fast cooling

11 40 S31609 07Cr17Nil2Mo2 1 000 ℃~1 100℃， 515 205 35 7.98

Water cooling or other fast

12 41 S31668 06Cr17Nil2Mo2Ti 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 530 205 35 7.90

Water cooling or other fast

13 43 S31658 06Cr17Nil2Mo2N 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 550 275 35 8.00

Water cooling or other fast

14 44 S31653 022Cr17Nil2Mo2 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 550 245 40 8.04

N Water cooling or other fast

15 45 S31688 06Cr18Nil2Mo2Cu 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 520 205 35 7.96

2 Water cooling or other fast

16 46 S31683 022Cr18Nil4Mo2C 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 480 180 35 7.96

u2 Water cooling or other fast

17 49 S31708 06Cr19NilMo3 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 520 205 35 8.00

Water cooling or other fast

18 50 S31703 022Cr19Nil3Mo3 1 010 ℃~1 150℃， 480 175 35 7.98

Water cooling or other fast

19 55 S32168 06Cr18Nil1Ti 920 ℃~1 150℃， Water 520 205 35 8.03

cooling or other fast cooling

methods
 GB/T 14976-2012
Table 4 (Continued)
Structure No GB/T 20878 Mechanical Property

Type
Grade Recommended Heat Treatment System
Unified Code
No Density
Number Tensile Specified Percentage

Strength Plastic Elongation

not less than

20 56 S32169 07Cr19Nil1Ti Cold drawn (rolled) ≥ 1100 ℃, hot 520 205 35 7.93
Austenite
rolled (extruded, expanded) ≥ 1050 ℃,
21 62 S34778 06Cr18Nil1Nb 980 ℃ ~ 1150 ℃, Water cooling or 520 205 35 8.03

other fast cooling methods

22 63 S34779 07Cr18Nil1Nb Cold drawn (rolled) ≥ 1100 ℃, hot 520 205 35 8.00

rolled (extruded, expanded) ≥ 1050 ℃,

Ferrite 23 78 S11348 06Cr13Al 780 ℃ ~ 830 ℃, air cooling or slow 415 205 20 7.75

cooling
24 84 S11510 10Cr15 780 ℃ ~ 850 ℃, air cooling or slow 415 240 20 7.70

cooling
25 85 S11710 10Cr17 780 ℃ ~ 850 ℃, air cooling or slow 415 240 20 7.70

cooling
26 87 S11863 022Cr18Ti 780 ℃ ~ 950 ℃, air cooling or slow 415 205 20 7.70

cooling
27 92 S11972 019Cr19Mo2NbTi 800 ℃ ~1050 ℃, air cooling 415 275 20 7.75

Martensite 28 97 S41008 06Cr13 800 ℃ ~ 900 ℃, slow cooling or 750 ℃ 370 180 22 7.75

air cooling,
29 98 S41010 12Cr13 800 ℃ ~ 900 ℃, slow cooling or 750 ℃ 415 205 20 7.70

air cooling
 GB/T 14976-2012
6.5 Hydraulic Test
6.5.1 Hydraulic test should be conducted to each steel pipe and test pressure should be calculated base on formula
(2). When outer diameter of steel pipe is ≤88.9 mm, the maximum test pressure is 17 MPa; When outer diameter of
steel pipe is >88.9 mm, the maximum test pressure is 19 MPa.
Where:
P —— Test pressure in MPa; When P < 7MPa, round to the nearest 0.5 MPa,
when P ≥ 7MPa, round to the nearest 1 MPa;
S —— Wall thickness of steel pipe in mm;
D —— Nominal outer diameter of steel pipe in mm;
R —— Allowable stress in MPa, 60% of minimum value of plastic elongation strength
specified in Table 4.
Under test pressure, the standup pressure time should not be less than 10s
and steel pipes are not allowed to leak.
6.5.2 According to requirements of the purchaser, other test pressure is allowed to be applied to hydraulic test after
negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser and being indicated in contract.
6.5.3 The supplier can substitute hydraulic test with ultrasonic flaw detection or eddy current flaw detection. When
adopting ultrasonic flaw detection, compared artificial defect of sampling pipes should be in conformity with
acceptance level L3 of GB/T 5777–2008; when applying eddy current flaw detection, compared artificial defect of
sampling pipes should be in conformity with acceptance level A of GB/T 7735-2004.
6.6 Processing Property
6.6.1 Flattening Test
According to requirements of the purchaser, flattening test can be conducted to pipes with wall thickness of no
more than 10 mm after negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser and being indicated in contract. Sample
should be flattened to the result that clearance between two flat plates is H, which is calculated based on formula
(3). After being flattened, no crack or chick is allowed on outside of bending position.

……………(3)
Of which:
H — distance between two flat plates and its unit is mm;
S — wall thickness of steel pipes and its unit is mm;
D — nominal outer diameter of steel pipes and its unit is mm;
a — deformation coefficient of per unit length. It is 0.09 for austenite steel pipes and 0.07 for other types of steel
pipes.
6.6.2 Expansion Test
According to requirements of the purchaser, expansion test can be performed to steel pipes, whose outer
diameter is no more than 150 mm and wall thickness is not over 10 mm, after negotiation between a supplier
and a purchaser and being indicated in contract.
6.7 Intercrystalline Corrosion Test
Intercrystalline corrosion test should be carried out to austenite steel pipes. Method of intercrystalline
corrosion test should be in compliance with GB/T 4334 – 2008. Other intercrystalline corrosion test methods
could be employed after negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser and being indicated in contract.
6.8 Surface Quality
6.8.1 No crack, folding, fluting, delamination and scab are allowed on inner and outer surface of steel pipes. These
defects should all be removed. Removed depth should not be above 10% of wall thickness. And actual wall
thickness at removed position should be not less than minimum allowable wall thickness.
GB/T 14976-2012
6.8.2 Allowable depth of straight scratch inner and outer surface of steel pipes should in keeping with the following
rules:
— hot rolled (extruded, expanded) steel pipes: not exceed 5% of wall thickness. And maximum allowable depth of
straight scratch on pipes with a diameter of no more than 140 mm is 0.5mm, while maximum allowable depth of
straight scratch on pipes with a diameter of more than 140 mm is 0.8mm;
— cold drawn (rolled) steel pipes: not exceed 4% of wall thickness and maximum depth is 0.30mm,, but maximum
allowable depth of straight scratch on pipes with a wall thickness of less than 1.4 mm is 0.05 mm;
6.8.3 Other local defects that do not exceed negative deviation of wall thickness are allowed.
6.9 Non-destructive Inspection
According to requirements of the purchaser, ultrasonic flaw detection and eddy current flaw detection can be
conducted to steel pipes through negotiation between a supplier and a purchaser. When adopting ultrasonic flaw
detection, compared artificial defect of sampling pipes should be in conformity with acceptance level L3 of GB/T
5777; when applying eddy current flaw detection, compared artificial defect of sampling pipes should be in
conformity with acceptance level A of GB/T 7735.
7. Test Method
7.1 Dimensions and shape of steel pipes should be measured one by one with measuring tools that meet accuracy
requirements.
7.2 Visual inspection should be performed to inner and outer surface of steel pipes one by one under the condition
of sufficient lamination.
7.3 Test methods and sampling methods for other inspection items of steel pipes should be in line with Table 5.
Table 5 Inspection Item, Test Method and Sampling Quantity of Steel Pipes
No. Inspection Item Sampling Quantity Sampling Method Test Method
1 Chemical Take 1 sample each furnace GB/T 20066 GB/T 223, GB/T 11170, GB/T
composition 20123, GB/T 20124
2 Tensile test Take 1 sample on two pipes GB/T 2975 GB/T 228.1
of each batch
3 Flattening test Take 1 sample on two pipes GB/T 246 GB/T 246
of each batch
4 Expansion test Take 1 sample on two pipes GB/T 242 GB/T 242
of each batch
5 Hydraulic test One by one GB/T GB/T 241
6 Ultrasonic One by one - GB/T 5777-2008
inspection
7 Eddy current One by one - GB/T 7735-2004
inspection
8 Intercrystalline Take 1 sample on two pipes GB/T 4334-2008 GB/T 4334-2008
corrosion test of each batch
8 Inspection Rules
8.1 Inspection and Acceptance
Inspection and acceptance of steel pipes should be carried out by quality technical supervision department of a
supplier.
8.2 Lot Grouping Rules
Steel pipes should be inspected and accepted according to batches. Each batch should be composed by steel pipes
of the same grade, same furnace no. same specification, same heat treatment system (furnace batch). And quantity
of each batch of pipes should not exceed the following rules:
— Outer diameter ≤76 mm and wall thickness ≤3 mm, 500 pieces;
— Outer diameter > 351 mm, 50 pieces;
— Other dimensions, 200 pieces
 GB/T 14976-2012
8.3 Sampling Quantity
Sampling quantity of various items for each batch of pipes should be in line with Table 5.
8.4 Reinspection and Decision Rules
Reinspection and decision rules of steel pipes should be in accordance with relative regulations of GB/T 2012.
9. Packing, Signs and Quality Certificate
Packing, signs and quality certificate of steel pipes should be in conformity with GB/T 2012.
 GB/T 14976-2012

Appendix A (Informative Appendix) Stainless Steel Grade Comparison Table

For stainless steel grade of different standards, see Table A.1.

Table A.1 Stainless Steel Grade Comparison in Different Standards

No GB/T 20878-2007 America Japan International Europe Former

. in No Unified New Grade Old Grade ASTM A 959-09 JIS G 4303- ISO/TS EN 10088:1- Soviet

Thi . Code 2005 15510:2003 2005 Union

s No. JIS G 4311- ISO 4955：2005 TOCT 5632-

Sta 1991 1972

nd

ard

1 13 S30210 12Cr18Ni9 1Cr18Ni9 S30200，302 SUS302 X10CrNi18-8 X10CrNi18-8, 12X18H9

1.4310

2 17 S30408 06Cr19Ni10 0Cr18Ni9 S30400，304 SUS304 X5CrNi18-9 X5CrNi18-10, —

1.4301

3 18 S30403 022Cr19Ni10 00Cr19Ni10 S30400，304L SUS304L X2CrNi19-11 X2CrNi19-11, 03X18H11

1.4306

4 23 S30458 06Cr19Ni10N 0Cr19Ni9N S30451，304N SUS304N1 X5CrNi18-8 X5CrNi19-9, —

1.4315

5 24 S30478 06Cr19Ni9NbN 0Cr19Ni10NbN S30452，XM-21 SUS304N2 — — —

6 25 S30453 022Cr19Ni10N 00Cr18Ni10N S30453，304LN SUS304LN X2CrNi18-9 X2CrNi18- —

10,1.4311

7 32 S30908 06Cr23Ni13 0Cr23Ni13 S30908， 309S SUS309S X12CrNi23-13 X12CrNi23-13, —

1.4833

8 35 S31008 06Cr25Ni20 0Cr25Ni20 S31008， 310S SUS310S X8CrNi25-21 X8CrNi25-21, 10X23H18

1.4845

9 38 S31608 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 S31600，316 SUS316 X5CrNiMo17- X5CrNiMo17- —

12-2 12-2, 1.4401

10 39 S31603 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 S31603，316L SUS316L X2CrNiMo17- X2CrNiMo17- 03X17H14

12-2 12-2, 1.4404 M3

11 40 S31609 07Cr17Ni12Mo2 1Cr17Ni12Mo2 S31609，316H — — X3CrNiMo17- —

13-3, 1.4436

12 41 S31668 06Cr17Ni12Mo2Ti 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti S31635，316Ti SUS316Ti X6CrNiMoTi17- X6CrNiMoTi17- 08X17H13

12-2 12-2, 1.4571 M2T

13 43 S31658 06Cr17Ni12Mo2N 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N S31651，316N SUS316N — — —

14 44 S31653 022Cr17Ni12Mo2N 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N S31653，316LN SUS316LN X2CrNiMoTi17- X2CrNiMoN17- —

12-3 113-3, 1.4429

15 45 S31688 06Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2 0Cr18Ni2Mo2Cu2 — SUS316J1 — — —

16 46 S31683 022Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2 00Cr18Ni14Mo2C — SUS316J1L — — —

u2
 GB/T 14976-2012

Table A.1 (Continued)

No. in GB/T 20878-2007 America Japan International Europe Former
This N Unifi New Grade Old Grade ASTM A JIS G ISO/TS EN 10088:1-2005 Soviet
Standa o. ed 959-09 4303- 15510:2003 Union
rd Code 2005 ISO 4955： TOCT
No. JIS G 2005 5632-1972
4311-
1991
17 4 S317 06Cr19Nil3M 0Cr19NilM S31700,3 SUS317 _ _ _
08 o3 o3 17
18 50 S317 022Cr19Nil3 00Cr19Nil3 S31703,3 SUS31 X2CrNiMo19- X2CrNi,p18-15- 03Z16H15
03 Mo3 Mo3 17L 7L 14-6 4,1.4438 M3B
19 55 S321 06Cr18Nil1Ti 0Cr18Nil0Ti S32100,3 SUS321 X6CrNiTi18- X6CrNiTil18- 08X18H10
68 21 10 10,1.4541 T
20 56 S321 07Cr19Nil1Ti 1Cr18NilTi S32109,3 _ X7CrNiTil8- _ 12X18H10
69 21H 10 T
21 62 S347 06Cr18Nil1N 0Cr18Nil1N S34700,3 SUS347 X6CrNiNb18- X6CrNiNb18- 08X18H12
78 b b 47 110 10,1.455C B
22 63 S347 07Cr18Nil1N 1Cr19Nil1N S34709,3 _ X7CrNiNb18- X7ZrNiNb18- _
79 b b 47H 10 10,1,4918
23 78 S113 06Cr13Al 0Cr13Al S40500,4 SUS405 X6CrAl13 X6CrAl13,1.4002 _
48 05
24 84 S115 10Cr15 1Cr15 S42900,4 _ _ _ _
10 29
25 85 S117 10Cr17 1Cr17 S43000 SUS430 X6Crl7 X6Cr17,1.4016 12X17
10
26 87 S118 022Cr18Ti 00Cr17 S43035,4 _ X3CrTil7 X.CrTil7,1.4510 08X17T
63 39
27 92 S119 019Cr19Mo2 00Cr18Mo2 S44400,4 _ X2CrMoTil8- X2CrMoTil8- _
72 NbTi 44 2 2,1.4521
28 97 S410 06Cr13 0Cr13 S41008,4 _ X6Cr13 X6Cr13,1.4000 08X13
08 10S
29 98 S410 12Cr13 1Cr13 S41000,4 SUS410 X12Cr13 X12Cr13,1.4006 12X17
10 10
GB/T 14976-2012

National Standard of the People’s Republic of China

Seamless Stainless Steel Pipes for Fluid Transport
GB/T 14976-2012
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Print date: Sept. 26th, 2012 SAN02