Lipids are substances that dissolve in nonpolar solvents

Water is very polar

Lipids don’t dissolve well in water

They are biological substances that are oily or greasy

Oils are liquid at room temperature, they have more double bonds, it contains a high
proportion of unsaturated fatty acids

Fats are solid and they have a long chain and are more saturated, it contains a high
proportion of saturated fatty acids

Fats are typically associated with animal sources

Oils are associated with plant sources

Hydrolysis – reaction with water

Saponification

Hydrogenation

Hydrolysis

Fats and oils can both react with water. Fats and oils are not soluble in water as these contain an ester
group so an acid catalyst is used. Body uses enzymes called lipase. Lipase catalyzes this reaction which
then results to a hydrolyzed product. The hydrolysis products are glycerol and three fatty acids. It has 57
Carbons and 3 functional group that is why it is insoluble in water. The three ester linkages are broken,
freeing the molecules of glycerol, which is then a molecule is formed called as glycerol.

Saponification

Fats and oils undergoes in a reaction by using sodium hydroxide

It is a basic conditions.
Saponification is a process by which triglycerides are reacted with sodium or
potassium hydroxide (lye) to produce glycerol and 3 salts of fatty acid which are
known as soap.

Soaps from highly saturated, solid fats, such as tallow, lard, or shortening, are hard. Saponification of an
unsaturated oil, such as olive oil, gives a soft soap.

Hydrogenation

Oils typically includes more unsaturation than fats. They can react with hydrogen. Requires catalyst
called nickel. They are converted into a saturated product because the double bonds disappeared.
Margarines are made

It was discovered that Fats and Oils because they have a long chain of nonpolar
bonds, making them easily dissolvable in oil and grease. They also have a polar
charged group at one end that allows them to dissolve easily in water. For them to
dissolve well in water, they would have to break some of water hydrogen bonds.

Fats and oils are catalyzed during the hydrolysis process by the enzyme lipase. It
is easily hydrolyzed in animal digestive tracts because the three ester linkages are
broken. The fatty acids produced as a result of this process play a vital role in the
metabolic process. The triglycerides react with sodium hydroxide during the
saponification process, producing glycerol and three fatty acid salts known as soap.

The hydrogenation process saturates the double bonds in glyceride fatty acid
components, converting them to saturated acid components. In the presence of a
metal catalyst (nickel), it reacts with hydrogen to produce saturated glycerides.
The outcome is the transformation of liquid glyceride. Trans fat is formed as a
result of partial hydrogenation, in which some of the cis bonds are converted to
trans bonds.

According to our research, eating saturated fats helps reduce insulin resistance,
whereas unsaturated fats are the healthiest fat. Trans fats are unhealthy and can
contribute to an increase in heart disease; they are typically found in fried meals
and margarine.
It was determined that fats and oils have a long chain of nonpolar bonds, making them easily
dissolvable in oil and grease. They also have a polar charged group at one end that makes them
dissolve easily in water. For them to dissolve well in water, they would have to break some of
the water's hydrogen bonds.

Fats and oils are catalyzed during the hydrolysis process by the enzyme lipase. It is easily
hydrolyzed in animal digestive tracts because the three ester linkages are broken. The fatty acids
made as a result of this process play a vital role in the metabolic process. The triglycerides react
with sodium hydroxide during the saponification process, producing glycerol and three fatty acid
salts called soap. 

In the hydrogenation process, the double bonds in glyceride fatty acid components are saturated,
converting them to saturated acid components in the presence of a metal catalyst (nickel). It
reacts with hydrogen to produce saturated glycerides. The outcome is the transformation of
liquid glyceride. Trans fat is formed as a result of partial hydrogenation, in which some of the cis
bonds are converted to trans bonds.

According to our research, eating saturated fats helps lower insulin resistance, while unsaturated
fats are the healthiest fats. Trans fats are unhealthy and can raise the risk of heart disease. They
are found mainly in fried foods and margarine.

It was determined that Fats and Oils because they have a long chain of nonpolar bonds, making
them easily dissolvable in oil and grease. They also have a polar charged group at one end that
makes them dissolve easily in water. For them to dissolve well in water, they would have to
break some of the water hydrogen bonds.

Fats and oils are catalyzed during the hydrolysis process by the enzyme lipase. It is easily
hydrolyzed in animal digestive tracts because the three ester linkages are broken. The fatty acids
made as a result of this process play a vital role in the metabolic process. The triglycerides react
with sodium hydroxide during the saponification process producing glycerol and three fatty acid
salts called soap.

The hydrogenation process saturates the double bonds in glyceride fatty acid components,
converting them to saturated acid components in the presence of a metal catalyst (nickel), it
reacts with hydrogen to produce saturated glycerides. The outcome is the transformation of
liquid glyceride. Trans fat is formed as a result of partial hydrogenation, in which some of the cis
bonds are converted to trans bonds.

According to our research, eating saturated fats helps lower insulin resistance, while unsaturated
fats are the healthiest fat. Trans fats are unhealthy and can raise the risk of heart disease; they are
found mainly in fried foods and margarine.