Prelim Examination in BIOLOGY

2nd Semester

I. Multiple Choice:

Directions: Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer. (20 points)

1. Factors that control traits are called

A. genes
B. purebreds
C. recessives
D. parents

2. Scientists call an organism that has two different alleles for a trait a
A. hybrid.
B. trait.
C. purebred.
D. factor.

3. What does the notation TT mean to genetics?

A. two dominant alleles
B. two recessive alleles
C. at least one dominant allele
D. one dominant and one recessive allele

4. What does the notation Tt mean to genetics?

A. two dominant alleles
B. two recessive alleles
C. at least one recessive allele
D. one dominant allele and one recessive allele

5. What is probability?
A. the actual results from a series of events
B. the likelihood that a particular event will occur
C. the way the results of one event affect the next event
D. the number of times a coin lands heads up

6. What does a Punnett square show?

A. all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross
B. only the dominant alleles in a genetic cross
C. only the recessive alleles in a genetic cross
D. all of Mendel’s discoveries about genetic crosses

7. If a homozygous black guinea pig (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white

guinea pig (bb), what is the probability that an offspring will have black fur?
A.25 percent
B.50 percent
C.75 percent
D.100 percent

8. An organism’s physical appearance is __________

A. genotype
B. phenotype
C. codominance
D. heterozygous

9. What does codominance mean in genetics?

A. Both alleles are dominant
B. Both alleles are recessive
C. The alleles are neither dominant nor recessive
D. Each allele is both dominant and recessive

10. When sex cells combine to produce offspring, each sex cell will contribute
A. one fourth of the normal number of chromosomes.
B. half the normal number of chromosomes.
C. the normal number of chromosomes.
D .twice the normal number of chromosomes.

11. What is a mutation?

A. any change that is harmful to an organism
B. any change in a gene or chromosome
C. any change that is helpful to an organism
D. any change in the phenotype of a cell

12. Which term refers to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics?
A. traits
B. offspring
C. generations
D. hybrids

13. The different forms of a gene are called

A. alleles.
B. factors.
C. masks.
D. traits.

14. What does the notation tt mean to geneticists?

A. two dominant alleles
B. two recessive alleles
C. at least one dominant allele
D. one dominant and one recessive allele

15. An organism’s genotype is_______

A. genetic makeup
B. feather color
C. physical appearance
D. stem height

16. An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is

A. codominant
B. tall
C. homozygous
D. heterozygous

17. A heterozygous organism has______

A. three different alleles for a trait
B. two identical alleles for a trait
C. only one allele for a trait
D. two different alleles for a trait

18. Which of these traits is controlled by a gene with multiple alleles?

A. straight hairline
B. smile dimples
C. widow’s peak
D. blood type

19. Which combination of sex chromosomes results in a male human being?

A. XX
B. YY
C. XY
D. either XX or YY

20. Why are sex-linked traits more common in males than in females?
A. All alleles on the X chromosome are dominant.
 B. All alleles on the Y chromosome are recessive.
C. A recessive allele on the X chromosome will always produce the trait in a male.
D. Any allele on the Y chromosome will be codominant with the matching allele on the
X chromosome.

II. Word Problems using Monohybrid Crosses. (10 points each)

1. Purple flowers are dominant (P) to white flowers (p), Perform the following crosses. For
each cross give the phenotype and genotype of all offspring.

A. PP x pp
B. Pp x Pp
C. PP x Pp

2. Red eyes (R) in fruit flies are dominant over white eyes (r). Using Punnett Squares, find
the possible colors of the F₁ generation for each of the following crosses.

A. Rr x rr
B. rr x RR
C. Rr x Rr

3. In certain animal black fur is dominant to white fur. Determine the following offspring
from crosses between:

A. Homozygous black x white

B. Heterozygous black x heterozygous black
 Prepared by:
Ms. Ma. Janice P. Garcia