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DATE Subject SubTopic

2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2022-01-JanW2 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2022-01-JanW2 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2022-01-JanW2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2022-01-JanW2 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

2022-01-JanW2 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News


2022-01-JanW2 History/Culture🗿 His-Ancient/Medi

2022-01-JanW2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-ORGs

2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ Election

2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2022-01-JanW2 Science🧪 6-Health


2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-
2022-01-JanW2 Economy💳 Sharemarket

2022-01-JanW2 Environment🌿 Flora-Fauna

2022-01-JanW2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Women😈

2022-01-JanW2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Women😈

2022-01-JanW2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Juvenile😈

2022-01-JanW2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Leadership😈


2022-01-JanW2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: IPS Dilemmas😈

2022-01-JanW2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2022-01-JanW2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2022-01-JanW2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Women😈

2022-01-JanW2 GPSC GPSC

2022-01-JanW2 History/Culture🗿 His-Freedom


2022-01-JanW2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2022-01-JanW2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Pak

2022-01-JanW2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2022-01-JanW2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Russia

2022-01-JanW2 IR/Defense🔫 Sports🏏


2022-01-JanW2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2022-01-JanW2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2022-01-JanW2 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2022-01-JanW2 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2022-01-JanW2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2022-01-JanW2 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment


2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ Election

2022-01-JanW2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2022-01-JanW2 Science🧪 6-Corona😷


2022-01-JanW2 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2022-01-JanW2 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2022-01-JanW2 Science🧪 6-Health


2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


1B-Bank Classification
2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 & Loans🔪

1B-Bank Classification
2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 & Loans🔪

1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-
2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 Sharemarket

2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅


2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2022-01-JanW1 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2022-01-JanW1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2022-01-JanW1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2022-01-JanW1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2022-01-JanW1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Corporate😈


2022-01-JanW1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Sports Ethics😈

2022-01-JanW1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Women😈

2022-01-JanW1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Judiciary

2022-01-JanW1 Geo🗺 Disaster

2022-01-JanW1 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2022-01-JanW1 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2022-01-JanW1 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2022-01-JanW1 GPSC GPSC


2022-01-JanW1 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

2022-01-JanW1 History/Culture🗿 His-Freedom

2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Europe

2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Middle East


2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Neighbours

2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Taliban

Summit/Agreement-
2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 Multilateral

Summit/Agreement-
2022-01-JanW1 IR/Defense🔫 Multilateral
2022-01-JanW1 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2022-01-JanW1 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2022-01-JanW1 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2022-01-JanW1 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2022-01-JanW1 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2022-01-JanW1 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2022-01-JanW1 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW1 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2022-01-JanW1 Polity⚖️ Election

2022-01-JanW1 Polity⚖️ Election

2022-01-JanW1 Polity⚖️ Election

2022-01-JanW1 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2022-01-JanW1 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2022-01-JanW1 Science🧪 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2022-01-JanW1 Science🧪 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2022-01-JanW1 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2022-01-JanW1 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2022-01-JanW1 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-
2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 Sharemarket

1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-
2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 Fin-Inclusion

2022-01-JanW3 Environment🌿 Awards🏆

2022-01-JanW3 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2022-01-JanW3 Geo🗺 Disaster

2022-01-JanW3 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2022-01-JanW3 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

2022-01-JanW3 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Taliban

2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

Summit/Agreement-
2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 India

2022-01-JanW3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ Election

2022-01-JanW3 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communication

2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝


2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 6-Health

2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-
2022-01-JanW3 Economy💳 Fin-Inclusion

2022-01-JanW3 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2022-01-JanW3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2022-01-JanW3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: IAS Dilemmas😈

2022-01-JanW3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Sports Ethics😈

2022-01-JanW3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Juvenile😈

2022-01-JanW3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Juvenile😈


2022-01-JanW3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Juvenile😈

2022-01-JanW3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Compassion😈

2022-01-JanW3 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2022-01-JanW3 GPSC GPSC


2022-01-JanW3 GPSC GPSC

2022-01-JanW3 GPSC GPSC

2022-01-JanW3 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Pak

IR-Border/Narco/
2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 Naxal/Cyber
Summit/Agreement-
2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 Bilateral

2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Pak

2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Pak

2022-01-JanW3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2022-01-JanW3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2022-01-JanW3 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2022-01-JanW3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2022-01-JanW3 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2022-01-JanW3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2022-01-JanW3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2022-01-JanW3 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Women😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: IAS Dilemmas😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Sports Ethics😈

2022-01-JanW4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Middle East


2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ Federalism
2022-01-JanW4 Sports🏏 Sports🏏

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-
2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 Fin-Inclusion

2022-01-JanW4 History/Culture🗿 His-Freedom

2022-01-JanW4 History/Culture🗿 His-Freedom


IR-Border/Narco/
2022-01-JanW4 IR/Defense🔫 Naxal/Cyber

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

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2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2022-01-JanW4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


1B-Bank Classification
2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 & Loans🔪
2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 Sharemarket

1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-
2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 Sharemarket

1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-
2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 Sharemarket

2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2022-01-JanW4 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2022-01-JanW4 Environment🌿 Disaster

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Sports Ethics😈


2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Sports Ethics😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Corruption😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Corruption😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Misc.😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: IAS Dilemmas😈


2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: IAS Dilemmas😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Social Media😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Sports Ethics😈


2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Juvenile😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Leadership😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: IPS Dilemmas😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: IAS Dilemmas😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Social Media😈

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Sports Ethics😈

2022-01-JanW4 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2022-01-JanW4 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2022-01-JanW4 GPSC GPSC


2022-01-JanW4 GPSC GPSC

2022-01-JanW4 History/Culture🗿 His-Freedom

2022-01-JanW4 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

2022-01-JanW4 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

2022-01-JanW4 History/Culture🗿 His-Freedom


2022-01-JanW4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2022-01-JanW4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Pak

2022-01-JanW4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2022-01-JanW4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Europe

2022-01-JanW4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Russia


2022-01-JanW4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Neighbours

2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment


2022-01-JanW4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2022-01-JanW4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: IAS Dilemmas😈

2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ Election


2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ Election

2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2022-01-JanW4 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2022-01-JanW4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2022-01-JanW4 Science🧪 👩🏻‍


Public-Health
‍⚕️️ ‍⚕️

2022-01-JanW4 Science🧪 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2022-01-JanW4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2022-01-JanW4 Sports🏏 Sports🏏


Title
- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: GDP early estimates 9.2% growth for 2021-22. Previously 2019-20:
4.2%, 2021-21: Minus 7.3% was the growth rate. Details Explained in the Video Lecture. More
data / analysis in the Free Win22 series next year. In the mean time, here is a video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MlXVLGzgdmE वर्ष 2021-22 के लिए भारत के सकल घरेलू उत्पाद का वृद्धि दर 9.2
परसेंट होगा
- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: Geneva-based World Economic Forum’s Global Risk Report: identify the
following 😥 short-term risk to India- Fracture of interstate relations, Debt crises in large economies,
Widespread youth disillusionment, failure of technology Governance , Digital inequality. For the
entire world following are the: 😥 SHORT TERM RISK: Extreme weather Livelihood crises Cilmate
action failure Social cohesion erosion Infectious diseases Mental health deterioration Cybersecurity
failure. 😥 MEDIUM-TERM RISK: Climate action failure, Extreme weather, Social cohesion erosion
23.0 Livelihood crises, Debt crises, Human environmental damage. 😥 LONG-TERM RISKS- Climate
action failure Extreme weather Biodiversity loss Natural resource crises Human environmental
damage Social cohesion erosion Geoeconomic confrontations, Involuntary migrations (विश्व आर्थिक मंच ने
जारी किया वैश्विक जोखिम रिपोर्ट जहाँ भारत के लघु अवधि के जोखिमों में अंतर राज्य तनाव अन्य बड़ी देशों में कर्ज़ की समस्या, नौ जवानों का विश्वास पतन,
डिजिटल खाई- प्रमुख हैं.)
- EcoPil5-INFRA: Communication- Vodafone-Idea (Vi), which owed the Department of
Telecommunications (DoT) more than Rs 58,000 crore just as adjusted gross revenue (AGR). In that
16,000 crore rupees worth of interest. VI has announced to give 36% of company shares/equity to
government in-lieu of 16kcr interest payment. 😍 after government becomes a shareholder this
company's chances of survival have increased so Indian telecom sector will not become a Jio- Airtel
duopoly. Vodafone Idea (Vi). 😥) Government had earlier decided for privatisation of the Public
Enterprises (e.g. air India, IDBI bank) but here it is doing a reverse. Instead of helping Vodafone
idea government should be helping BSNL revival. The fundamental issues were already covered in
Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series. Its Handout available at
https://mrunal.org/download (क्योंकि वोडाफ़ोन आईडिया कं पनी सरकार को AGR का बकाया ब्याज नहीं चुका पा रही तो उसके बदले कं पनी
के शेयर मालिक की का कु छ हिस्सा कम्पनी सरकार को देगी)
- EcoPill3B-Intl-Orgs: Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB, HQ: Beijing, China). India has
the second highest voting share after China. Ex-RBI governor Urjit Patel named one of the five vice
president of AIIB with A three-year tenure.
- EcoPill6: HRD: Education- National Education Alliance for Technology (NEAT), launched in 2019. a
public-private partnership scheme with ed-tech companies to help the poor students with computer
related courses and devices. 1/4th reservation quota for SC/ST/OBC/EWS students. पिछड़े वर्ग और ग़रीब वर्ग
के बच्चों को कं प्यूटर के कोर्स और साधन मिल सके उसके लिए सरकारी योजना
- 2002: all telecom licence holders have to deposit ₹ ₹ Universal Access Levy (UAL) into Universal
Service Obligation Fund (USOF). This money is used for creating telecom infrastructure in the
remote inaccessible / Naxal areas → 2012: Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL) is a special
purpose vehicle (SPV) company of Communication ministry started. This company get funding from
USOF for National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN) to connect 2.5 lakh gram panchayats (GPs) with
high speed broad- band internet by 2014. Later Modi government renamed the NOFN project as
Bharat net. 2021: Progress is not satisfactory. Government is planning to merge BBNL with Bharat
Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL)
- EcoPill6: HRD: Education: ZIMBABWE, other southern African countries saw steep increase in
pregnancies among teenage girls during pandemic due to 1) earlier marriages 2) unplanned
pregnancies with lovers in idle-time 3) lack of access to contraceptives an abortion clinics in
lockdown. Now this young mothers are afraid of returning back to school due to stigma and bullying
in class. Thereby further harming their opportunity for jobs. स्कू ल बंद रहने के चलते कोरोना में ज़िम्बाब्वे तथा अन्य अफ़्रीकी
देशों में लड़कियों की जल्दी ब्याह हो गए, और वे कम उम्र में ही गर्भवती हो गई जिससे कि उनकी मानव विकास पर ख़राब असर।
- Environment / Biodiversity / Flora-Fauna: biennial India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2021 has
for the first time assessed forest cover in tiger reserves, tiger corridors and the Gir forest which
houses the Asiatic lion. Pakke Tiger Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh has the highest forest cover, at
nearly 97%. (ISFR रिपोर्ट में पहली बार बाघ-सिंह आरक्षित विस्तारों में वन आवरण का अलग से ज़िक्र किया गया। अरुणाचल प्रदेश के पेक्के बाघ
आरक्षित विस्तार में सबसे ज़्यादा घना जंगल है)
- Environment biodiversity: biennial India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2021. It is published every
two years by the Forest Survey of India under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate
Change. The first survey was published in 1987, and ISFR 2021 is the 17th edition. 🤔 Three
categories of forests are surveyed – very dense forests (canopy density over 70%), moderately
dense forests (40-70%) and open forests (10-40%). Scrubs (canopy density less than 10%) are also
surveyed but not categorised as forests. 😍 India’s forest cover increased from 21.67% in 2019 to
21.71% in 2021. Total forest area is now 7,13,789 square kilometres. Which is 1540 sq km higher
than 2019. 😍 top 10 countries in terms of forest cover, with Brazil #1 (59.4%) Peru#2 (56.5%)…
India is among top-10. 😍 Mangroves have shown an increase of 17 sq km. India’s total mangrove
cover is now 4,992 sq km. 😍 The states that have shown the highest increase in forest cover are
Telangana (3.07%), Andhra Pradesh (2.22%) and Odisha (1.04%) 😥 Five states in the Northeast –
Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland have all shown loss in forest cover.
😥 Losers In NE: Arunachal Pradesh (418 sq km) and Manipur (158 sq km), (86 sq km) Nagaland,
Mizoram (86 sq km each) and Meghalaya (36 sq km) also recorded significant losses of dense
forests. 😥 Losers outside North East: Madhya Pradesh (143 sq km), Jammu and Kashmir (97 sq
km), Assam (66 sq km), Uttar Pradesh (41 sq km) and Tripura (31 sq km) 😥 forests in all states
(except Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Nagaland) will be highly vulnerable climate hot spots 😥
Criticism: Experts say the survey results could be misleading as it includes plantations – such as
coffee, coconuts or mango and other orchards – under forest cover. 😥 The report, however, “does
not make any distinction between the origin of tree crops (whether natural or manmade)”, and “all
the tree species along with bamboos, fruit bearing trees, coconut, palm trees etc” on plots of 1
hectare and above and with “canopy density of more than 10 per cent” are included as forest cover.
(भारत में वनों की स्थिति के बारे में हर दो साल में प्रकाशित होने वाला एक सरकारी सर्वेक्षण में पाया गया कि वैसे तो जंगल विस्तार में बढ़ोतरी हुई है लेकिन
उत्तर पूर्व में कमी आ रही है. जंगल विस्तार वाले दुनिया के 10 सबसे बड़े देशों में भारत शामिल हैं. हालाँकि कु छ आलोचक इस रिपोर्ट पर संदेह जता रहे हैं
क्योंकि यहाँ तो चाय और कॉफी के बाग़ान को जंगल में गीन लिया है )
- Environment / Biodiversity / Flora-Fauna: The Northeast states account for 7.98% of total
geographical area but 23.75% of total forest cover. 😥 Five states in the Northeast – Arunachal
Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland have all shown loss in forest cover in the
latest biennial India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2021. Reason: natural calamities, particularly
landslides and heavy rains, anthropogenic activities such as shifting agriculture, road-highway-dam
projects, felling of trees. 😥 Unlike other states, where forests are clearly managed by the forest
department , the Northeastern states follow a different system —community ownership, autonomous
all accounts looking after protected tribal land – which makes conservation activities challenging.
(उत्तर पूर्वी राज्यों में वन विस्तार में कमी आ रही है जिसके कारण प्राकृ तिक आपदाएँ मानव निर्मित विकास कार्य पेड़ों की कटौती खेतीबाड़ी है इत्यादि शामिल है।
अन्य राज्यों में तो वन विभाग द्वारा जंगलों की रक्षा की जाती है लेकिन उत्तर पूर्व में प्रशासनिक रूप से सरकारी वन विभाग भी होता है और पहाड़ी इलाकों की
स्वयायत्त परिषद भी होती है जिसके चलते ज़िम्मेदारियों का विभाजन होता है और काम अच्छे से हो नहीं पा रहा।)
- History/Culture: tenth Sikh Guru, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji’s birthday, celebrated as Prakash Utsav
on 9th January 2022. 🙏 Shri Gobind Singhji, the son of Shri Guru Tegh Bahadurji assumed the
responsibilities of his father at the age of nine. 🙏 Shri Guru Gobind Singhji initiated the Five K's
tradition of the Khalsa: Kesh (Uncut Hair), Kangha (A Wooden Comb), Kara (A Iron Bracelet),
Kachera (Cotton Under pants) and Kirpan (An Iron Dagger) 😥 Mughal army murdered his two eldest
sons, ages 13 and 17, at the Battle of Chamkaur
- History/Culture: Adi Sankaracharya’s birthplace Kaladi in Ernakulam district of Kerala. Union
government wants it to be declared as national monument. Once this designation is given, the
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), authorises the central government to will protect the site.
Currently, there are around 3,600 monuments of national importance being protected by the ASI.
के रला में आदि शंकराचार्य के स्मारक को राष्ट्रीय स्मारक के रूप में चिन्हित किया जाए ताकि भारतीय पुरातत्व सर्वेक्षण विभाग उसका संरक्षण कर सके
- History/Culture: December 26 to be observed as 'Veer Baal Diwas’. Guru Gobind Singh had four
sons- 1 & 2) Ajit Singh and Jujhar Singh died in the battle of Chamkaur Sahib. 3 & 4) youngest two
sons: Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh also known as the Chhote Sahibzaade- imprisoned Sirhind’s
Mughal faujdar Wazir Khan- who bricked them alive after they refused to convert to Islam. Their
cremation was done at Gurdwara Jyoti Sarup at Fatehgarh Sahib. गुरु गोबिन्द सिंह के चार बेटों में से दो बड़े बेटे युद्ध में
शहीद हुए, और दो सबसे छोटे बेटे- ज़ोरावर सिंह और फतेह सिंह को मुग़लों ने दीवार में ज़िंदा चुनवा दिया था, क्योंकि उन्होंने इस्लाम धर्म अपनाने से मना किया
था। उन छोटे साहबजादो के इस बलिदान को 26 दिसम्बर के दिन “वीर बाल दिवस” के रूप में मनाया जाएगा।
- IR/Defense: Intl-Orgs: International Court of Justice (ICJ, The Hague, Netherlands). ICJ judges
are elected for nine-year terms through concurrent elections in the UN General Assembly and
Security Council. 🤔 Get elected as a judge the candidate has to win majority what is both in UNGA
(UN general Assembly) and UNSC (UN security council). 🤔 The elections are not contests of judicial
talent of the candidates but political power games among nations. So it tests the diplomatic acumen
of the IFS officers in reality. 😍2017 :India’s Justice Dalveer Bhandari got elected as ICJ Judge.
अंतरराष्ट्रीय न्याय अदालत जो की नज़र लैंड में स्थित है उसका न्यायाधीश/जज बनने के लिए संयुक्त राष्ट्र की सामान्य सभा और सुरक्षा परिषद दोनों ही में बहुमति
से चुनाव जितना होता है। यानी कि यहाँ पर जज बनने के लिए बायोडेटा से ज़्यादा ज़रूरी है आपके देश के राजदूतों/आईएफ़एस अफ़सरों का वोट बटोरने का पावर
क्या है।
- Polity: Election- ELECTION Commission of India announced dates for Vidhan Sabha/ Assembly
elections in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Goa, Punjab and Manipur, between February 10 and March
7. ECI’s measures to prevent Corona third wave 1) no physical Ralleys till 15 January 2) booster
dose for the election officials 3) one hour extra polling timing except in the areas affected by
Naxal/LWE. 4) election expenditure limits increased which we have already studied in previous
days 🤔 Samajwadi party leader Akhilesh Yadav has asked election commission to provide funding to
small parties for doing digital campaign because they do not have the infrastructure unlike BJP. पाँच
राज्यों में विधानसभा चुनाव के लिए चुनाव आयोग ने तारीखें जारी की. 15 जनवरी तक ज़मीनी रैली प्रचार की पाबंदी. एक घंटा ज़्यादा मतदान कें द्र को खुला
रखा जाएगा. चुनाव आयोग ने राजनीतिक पक्षों को कहा है कि ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा डिजिटल तरीक़े से अपना चुनाव प्रचार करें हालाँकि समाजवादी पार्टी की माँग है
कि सरकार की तरफ़ से हमें पैसा दिया जाए क्योंकि हमारे पास BJP जितनी डिजिटल-प्रचार की साधन सुविधा नहीं है

- Polity: Judiciary- Article 253 in The Constitution : Parliament has power to make any law for
implementing international treaty. India follows the principle of “dualism”- Meaning international
law does not automatically get incorporated into the domestic legal regime. An act of Parliament is
necessary. 🤔 International law’s principle of non-refoulment prohibits a country from returning
refugees to countries where they face a clear threat of persecution. 🤔 But Supreme court
appallingly refused to rule against the deportation of Rohingya refugees to Myanmar despite the
principle of non-refoulment. 🤔 parliamentary committee on external affairs observated this type of
dilemmas could be averted by Parliament making proper laws and judiciary implementing by them.
किसी अंतरराष्ट्रीय संधि को भारत में तभी लागू कर सकते हैं जब संसद उसके बारे में क़ानून बनाएँ यानी की कोई अंतरराष्ट्रीय क़ानून स्वयं से अपने आप भारत में
लागू नहीं हो जाता. अंतरराष्ट्रीय क़ानून में एक नॉन रीफ़ाउलमेंट/ गैर-शोधन का सिद्धांत जो कहता है कि किसी देश ने शरणार्थी को वापस उसके देश नहीं भेजना
चाहिए अगर उसकी स्वदेश में उसकी जान को जोखिम. जब भारत सरकार ने रोहिंग्या रिफ्यूजी शरणार्थियों को म्यान्मार वापस भेजने की मुहिम चलायी तो सुप्रीम
कोर्ट ने उसे रोका नहीं जो कि इस अंतरराष्ट्रीय सिद्धांत का उल्लंघन है लेकिन जैसा कि हमने देखा जब तक क़ानून संसद नहीं बनाती तब तक हम ऐसी अंतरराष्ट्रीय
चीज़ों को नहीं मान सकते. इस सब पर संसदीय समिति ने रिपोर्ट जारी किया है कि स्पष्ट रूप से क़ानून बनाया जाए ताकि भविष्य में ऐसी दुविधा न हो।
- Polity: Legislature- Article 190(4) of the Constitution, if a member of a House is absent from all
meetings without its permission for a period of 60 days, the House may declare the seat vacant. So,
Supreme Court has ruled that House has power to suspend a member, it cannot be for more than 59
days. It becomes unconstitutional if you suspend someone for more than that. यदि कोई सांसद या विधायक,
बिना सभापति की अनुमति के गृह से 60 दिनों के लिए ग़ायब रहता है, तो सभापति उस कु र्सी को ख़ाली घोषित कर सकते हैं यानी वहाँ दोबारा चुनाव करने की
नौबत आए। सुप्रीमBio-restoration
- Science- कोर्ट ने यह आदेश दियाofहै कि किसी भी सदस्य
paintings andकोbuildings
59 दिनों सेusing
ज़्यादा केdirt
लिएand
सस्पेंडgrime
नहीं कियाeating
जा सकता।
bacteria such as
Desulfovibrio vulgaris, P. stutzeri etc. This has been tried in Michael Angelos painting recently also
used for marble monument in Spain and archaeological survey of India studying it to fix the
discolouration of the Taj Mahal. किसी चित्र या इमारत पर जो धूल मिट्टी और तेल जमा हो जाता है, उसे रसायनों की द्वारा साफ़ करने की
जगह, उस पर ख़ास क़िस्म के बैक्टीरिया लगाया जाए तो वो बैक्टीरिया उस धूल मिट्टी तेल को खा जाएंगे और वो चित्र/इमारत वापस एक दम कांच जैसा साफ़
हो जाएगा. स्पेन और इटली में ऐसे प्रयोग हो चुके हैं। और भारत में भी ताजमहल जिसका रंग पीला हो रहा है उसे ठीक करने के लिए इसका इस्तेमाल करने की
सोच विचार चल रही है।
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: American reality star KIM KARDASHIAN, renowned boxer/fighter
FLOYD MAYWEATHER Jr. are facing a lawsuit for financial fraud. They were acting as social media
influencers of EthereumMax, or EMAX cryptocurrency. Their fans blindly invested money in it and
lost. मशहूर सितारों ने क्रिप्टो-मुद्रा कं पनियों से विज्ञापन का पैसा लिया और सोशल मीडिया में अपनी अंधे चाहको को बोला की आँख बंद करके आप इसमें
निवेश कर दो, २५ दिन में पैसा डबल हो जाएगा और फिर वो सब अंधे भक्तों का पैसा डू ब गया तो अब इन मशहूर सितारों के ख़िलाफ़ कोर्ट में के स दायर किया
गया है
- EcoPill3B-Intl-Orgs: India US bilateral trade deal: India has agreed to allow import of pork,
cherries and Alfalfa hay. In return, America will ⏬taxes/health-rules on exported Indian mangoes
and pomegranate to the US. Earlier Economic Surveys had suggested that such bargaining/give-take
necessary, else we can never conclude any trade deal. भारत अमेरिका के बीच व्यापार समझौता जहाँ भारत ने अमेरिका से सुअर
का मांस आयात करने की अनुमति देनी होगी जिसके बदले अमेरिका भारत से निर्यात होने वाली अनार और आमों के फलों पर इस व्यापार बाधाएँ कम करेगी. व्
- EcoPill1C: Sharemarket & GSM3/ cyber security: Operators/Criminals were buying large quantity of
shares in small-cap companies, so on the charts it will show that the share prices increasing. → then
operator will start sending tips to other gullible investors via telegram/twitter/youtube→ when others
start buying the criminal Will dump his shares on them. Sebi bans 6 persons for misusing social
media to make ‘illegal profits’ शेयर बाज़ार में भी कांड हो रहे हैं जहाँ पर बदमाश ओपरेटर छोटी कं पनियों के शेयर को मोटे ज्थ्थे में ख़रीद लेते
हैं ताकि उसका दाम बढ़ जाए। और फिर टेलीग्राम में भोले निवेशकों को टिप्स देते है की तुम भी ख़रीद लो, २५ दिन में पैसा डबल हो जाएगा → जैसे ही छोटे
निवेशक ये ख़रीदारी शुरू करते हैं ये ऑपरेटर अपना जत्था बेचकर भाग जाते हैं।
- Environment: Flora-Fauna: ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ COMBODIA Landmine-sniffing ‘hero’ rat Magawa dies in
retirement. There is no trend of international celebrity animals being asked in UPSC Prelims, so I am
taking the risk of not preparing it.
- Ethics: attitude towards women: British Prince Andrew accused of raping 17 year old American
girl. After lot of hue and cry the queen has stripped Prince Andrew of all his military ranks and titles.
Prince will not undertake any public duties and is will have to defend his case as a private
citizen.” 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) in the Medieval and Modern history too these British Princes would
have exploited many women, and the King/Queen may have turned blind eye to it / shielded them /
silenced the victim women. But only to the advent of social media and democracy now they are
facing consequences of their actions. (महिलाओं के प्रति रवैया: ब्रिटिश प्रिंस एंड्र यू पर नाबालिग लड़की पर बलात्कार का आरोप। जब
सोशल मीडिया में काफ़ी हंगामा हुआ तो महारानी एलिज़ाबेथ ने उसके सारे मिलिट्री मेडल/सितारे और ख़िताब वापस ले लिए। अब इस राजकु मार ने एक निजी
नागरिक के रूप में स्वयं को अदालत में बचाना होगा। मध्यकाल और आधुनिक युग में भी ये सब राजकु मारों ने कई महिलाओं का शोषण किया होगा, लेकिन सोशल
मीडिया और लोकतंत्र पहले इतना मज़बूत नहीं था। तो इन राजकु मारों के सब कारनामों पर पर्दा डाल दिया जाता होगा, लीपापोती होती होगी, पीड़ित महिलाओं की
आवाज़ को दबा दिया जाता होगा।)
- Ethics: attitude towards women- US government “American Women Quarters Program”
programme — to print faces of notable women in US history on 25 cents coin. Poet Maya Angelou
became the first black woman to be featured in such a coin. अमरीकी इतिहास में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान देने वाली महिलाओं के
चेहरों को 25 सैंट के सिक्कों पर छापा जा रहा है।
- Ethics: Value Education: Kerala school’s new Farmaan: “The words ‘sir’ and ‘madam’ are against
gender justice. Teachers should be addressed by their designation, not by their gender (Sir-Madam).
The new way of addressing the teachers would help students to create awareness about gender
justice. The address of ‘sir’ is a relic of the colonial era, which should be done away,’’ So, ADDRESS
YOUR teacher as “teacher”, not as “sir” or “madam”, a school in Kerala’s Palakkad district has told its
students. शिक्षकों उसके पद के आधार पर संबोधित करना चाहिए और लिंग के आधार भी नहीं इसलिए के रला के स्कू ल ने फ़रमान जारी किया है कि अब से
टीचर को सिर्फ़ टीचर कहना है सर/मैडम नहीं कहना है.
- Ethics / Leadership: 🤔 Leadership is tested in trying circumstances. Abnegation of duty to protest
injustice 🤔 Leaders must assert moral authority, calm passions, restore sanity and ensure social
harmony. 🤔 Leadership is about doing what is right. It is about shaping the popular mood and not
being led by it. 😥 If the leader is simply following the crowd then he cannot get ahead of the crowd.
😥 if a leader is compromising with the democratic principles in order to win elections then ultimately
society will fail. (E.g. Hitler spreading poison against the Jews to win election in Germany) 😥
arrogance of power does not sit well with the idea of justice. 😥 Little minds and leadership go ill
together. 😥 Waters close with astonishing speed over the political careers of those drunk on power.
(e.g. Indira Gandhi after emergency.) (एक नेता के अच्छे गुण होने चाहिए - उसने हमेशा नैतिक राह में चलना चाहिए। भीड़ के पीछे नहीं
चलना चाहिए क्योंकि अगर वो भीड़ के पीछे चलेगा तो कभी भीड़ से आगे निकल नहीं पाएगा। अगर नेता चुनाव जीतने के लिए लोकतांत्रिक और मानवीय सिद्धांतों
से समझौता करेगा तो दीर्घावधि में पूरे देश का पतन होगा । सत्ता के नशे में चूर चूर हो जाते हैं पानी उनके सर पे बहु जल्दी बह जाता है- जिसका स्वाद इंदिरा
गांधी को आपातकाल के बाद मिला था)
- Ethics / Lynching: Crowd consumed by religious or political passions can be the prosecutor, judge,
jury, and hangman. This undermines the rule of law. 😥 Mob violence and vigilante justice pose
grave danger to democracy, political stability and national security. 😥 Mob violence endanger lives,
undercut security, infract human dignity and challenge the state’s lawful authority. 🤔 the process of
justice is never finished but reproduces itself generation after generation”. (-American judge, Justice
Benjamin Cardozo) 😥 social accord and communal harmony should not sacrificed at the altar of
individual ambitions and vanities (जब भीड़ को धार्मिक या राजनीतिक अफ़ीम पिलाया जाता है तो भीड़ का एक आदमी ख़ुद ही वक़ील,
न्यायाधीश और फाँसी लगाने वाला ख़ुद बन जाता है- पीट पीटकर किसी भी निर्दोष की हत्या की जाती है। अगर भीड़ की ऐसे वध को रोका न जाए तो समाज की
एकता सुरक्षा और क़ानून व्यवस्था में बहूत समस्याएं आएंगी-। )
- Ethics / Quotes: Barack Obama “most of the sins of politics are derivative of the larger sin — the
need to win, but also the need not to lose”. राजनीति में ज़्यादातर जो पाप होते हैं वो असल में एक बड़ा पाप का हिस्सा है -वो “बड़ा
पाप” ये है की सब लोगों को सिर्फ़ जीतना है किसी को हारना नहीं है।
- Ethics / Quotes: French thinker Alexis De Tocqueville - on American democracy after the revolution
and independence from Britain: “The past has ceased to throw light upon the future then Man is
wandering in obscurity”. He had such passive and apprehensive thoughts because he did not help
previous history to study about the idea of democracy and freedom and secularism. So whether the
slavery will survive? whether the democratic institutions functions better than monarchy / theocracy.
He did not have anything from the history to find lessons for it. But in the modern day we have a
very rich history to learn that hatred and autocracy bring a nation to ruin. (जब इतिहास अपना प्रकाश भविष्य पर
डालना छोड़ दे, तब व्यक्ति अंधकार में भटक जाए एसा ख़तरा रहता है। एक फ़्रांसीसी चिंतक ने अमरीकी क्रांति के बाद अमरीका का क्या भविष्य होगा उस चिंता में
ये बताया था। क्योंकि उससे पहले के इतिहास में राजशाही ख़त्म हो, लोकतंत्र की स्थापना हो, अश्वेतों की ग़ुलामी प्रतिबंधित हो, इन सबके बारे में पुराना इतिहास
पढ़ने पर उस वक़्त तो कोई प्रकाश मिल नहीं रहा था। लेकिन वर्तमान युग में हमारे पास कई ऐतिहासिक उदाहरण है जिससे हम सबक़ लेकर आगे बढ़ सकते हैं
और उन सभी उदाहरण में हम पाते हैं कि हिंसा और तानाशाही से देश का पतन ही होता है, तरक़्क़ी नहीं होती। )

- Ethics: attitude towards women minority and weaker section- 'trad' group (Tradmahasabha) on
Twitter, Telegram, Reddit, 4chan and Discord devoted to targeting Dalits, Muslims and women. 🤔
They condemn changes happening around us (in society) and often share texts from scriptures or
offensive memes.”🤔 Most members are upper caste... well read... and operate and interact only
virtually. Talks often revolve around the shastras, ‘sanatan dharm’, Brahminical supremacy, casteist
slurs, abuse aimed at Ambedkar, and talk of replacing the Constitution with the Manusmriti.
Islamophobia also figures heavily in such groups. 🤔 some of their members created a app on Github
platform known as “Bulli-bai” to auction muslim woman (whose photos were stolen from social
media platforms.). After police started investigation many of these “TRAD” groups are deleted by
admins. पुलिस ने अपनी छानबीन में हिन्दू परंपरावादी को का एक “ट्राड” ओनलाइन समूह पाया। जो कि निरंतर रूप से अल्पसंख्यक विरोधी दलित विरोधी
महिला विरोधी टिप्पणियां करते रहता है और उन्हीं के कु छ सदस्यों ने एक “बूल्ली-बाई” नामका मोबाइल ऐप बनाया था जहाँ पर मुस्लिम महिलाओं की सोशल
मीडिया से चुराई हुई तस्वीरें रखके उन महिलाओं की फ़र्ज़ी नीलामी की जा रही थी। अभी पुलिस जाँच पड़ताल आगे बढ़ रही है तो ये ‘ट्राड’ ग्रुप के लोग धीरे धीरे
विविध सोशल मीडिया वेबसाइटों से अपने ग्रुप से डिलीट कर रहे हैं।
- GPSC: Ahmedabad municipal board proposes to convert buses into ‘Signal-schools”- they’ll teach
out of school street-kids with motto of ‘bhiksha nahi shiksha’.
- History/Culture: PRESS Information Bureau’s fortnightly magazine, New India Samachar’s has
mentioned that two wellknown Hindu personalities- “Swami Vivekanand and Ramana Maharshi
served as a precursor to the revolt of 1857”. But this is factually wrong because Swami Vivekanand
and Ramana Maharshi were not even born by 1857. Swami Vivekanand was born in 1863, Maharshi
was born in 1879. 🤔Points to Reflect: Content writer trying to appease the political masters, tend to
to rewrite the history without fact-check. (एक सरकारी लेख में बताया गया कि स्वामी विवेकानंद और रमण महर्षि ने १८५७ के विद्रोह
की पूर्व भूमिका दी थी, मंच तैयार किया था लेकिन असल में तो उनका जन्म उस घटना के बाद हुआ था।)
- IR/Defense: India China- Chinese interest in Africa: 1970s- China built TanzaniaZambia railway —
the first transnational railway in Africa, for transporting passengers and copper from Zambia. 🤔
Since 2014, China's foreign minister visited 35 African countries during his annual visits, 🤔 China
has been Africa’s biggest trading partner. Two-way trade in 2020 was $ 187 billion. 🤔 China is
investing in transport, metal-diamond mining, scientific research, and the communication services
sector of Africa. 🤔 China invested $ 2.96 billion in Africa in 2020 under Belt-Road initiative. 🤔 The
top five African recipients of Chinese investments are South Africa, the Democratic Republic of
Congo, Angola, Ethiopia, and Zambia. 🤔USA is trying to counter the influence of China in Africa
through World Bank loans and G-7’s Build Back Better World initiative. चीन की विदेश मंत्री अफ़्रीका में कई यात्रा कर
चुके हैं परिवहन खनन वैज्ञानिक संशोधन संचार इत्यादि चीज़ों में अरबों डॉलर का निवेश कर चुके हैं। द अफ़्रीका की धातु खनिज, सोना और हीरे चीन को बहुत
लुभाते हैं। अमेरिका भी अपना वर्चस्व बनाने के लिए विश्व बैंक द्वारा अफ़्रीकी देशों को ज़्यादा लोन देने की कोशिश कर रहा है।
- IR/Defense: Pakistan’s new security policy for 2022-26: 1) economic interest will be at the heart
of security. 2) Peace with immediate neighbours including India. पाकिस्तान की राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा नीति में भी आर्थिक विकास
और पड़ोसी देशों के साथ शांति चाहते हैं भारत के साथ भी शांति चाहते
- IR/Defense: India-China in SriLanka: 2015- PM Modi gave Security and Growth for All in the
Region (SAGAR) to help the neighbouring countries in the Indian Ocean such as Sri Lanka,
Mauritius, Seychelles. 2022: Sri Lanka suffering from economic crisis sometimes it tries to get help
of India and sometimes of China. Chinese minister has said that “no third party (meaning India)
should interfere in the China Sri Lanka relationship”. China is developing solar farms and naval bases
in Sri Lanka, which India does not like. India is developing file form and ports in Sri Lanka, which
China does not like. (भारत चीन श्रीलंका का वही सब रोना धोना जारी है, दोनों ही श्रीलंका को ढेर सारा पैसा देकर वहाँ पर अलग अलग आर्थिक
अवसंरचना बना रहे हैं और एक दूसरे का विरोध कर रहे हैं)

- IR/Defense: Russia/CIS: political turmoil in Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan. Reasons 1) after the
breakdown of Soviet USSR. This nations tried to adopt the western model of democracy but it has
not done well most of the regions are ruled by puppets or autocrats. 2) economic globalisation /
LPG reforms / Energy and mineral wealth benefited only a selected few kleptocratic elites. Rich poor
divide is resulting into political protest. 3) failure of the European Union and Shanghai cooperation
Organisation in bringing peace and stability- by addressing the issues related to immigrant / refugee
crisis, border disputes, radicalisation. 4) the states have become puppets in the powerplay between
Europe and Russia e.g. Ukraine gas pipelines, Crimea, Belarus Refugees etc. Issues affecting Indian
interests? 1) Energy security 2) market / supply line towards Europe / Make Outside India 3)
Taliban. मध्य एशिया के देशों में जो राजनीतिक संकट चल रहा है उसके कारण- 😥 सोवियत संघ के पतन के बाद इन देशों में लोकतंत्र की कोशिश की तो
हुई लेकिन ज़्यादातर तो तानाशाहों का ही राज चलता है. 😥 इन देशों में कच्चा तेल यूरेनियम प्राकृ तिक गैस जैसे ऊर्जा खनिज तो है लेकिन उसका फ़ायदा पूरी
आबादी को नहीं मिला 😥 कु छ गिने चुने अमीरों ने देश की सारी संपत्ति को अपने क़ब्ज़े में रखा है जिसे अमीर और ग़रीब की खाई बढ़ रही है और समाज में
आक्रोश और आंदोलन धरना प्रदर्शन धमाल चलती रहती है. 😥 यूरोपीय संघ और शंघाई सहकार संघ भी इन मध्य एशियाई देशों में शांति और ख़ुशहाली बनाने
के लिए ज़रूरी क़दम नहीं उठाते शरणार्थियों की समस्या धार्मिक उग्रवाद की समस्या ऊर्जा संकट इत्यादि पर भी चुप रहते हैं. 😥 रशिया और यूरोप के बीच से
आर्थिक और सामरिक तनाव में ये मध्य एशियाई देश कठपुतलियों बन चुकी है जैसे कि यूक्रे न और बेलारूस। 😥 हाँ भारत को इन सब से फ़र्क पड़ता है क्योंकि
हमारी ख़ुद की आर्थिक फ़ायदे के लिए ऊर्जा सुरक्षा के लिए और अफ़ग़ानिस्तान में स्थिरता के लिए इन देशों ने भी शांति और सलामती ज़रूरी है।
- Sports: NORTH KOREA boycotts Beijing Winter Olympics 2022 because of the COVID-19 pandemic
and “hostile forces’ moves,. North Korea also had not participated in the Tokyo Olympics.
- PIN: Death- European Parliament president David Sassoli from Italy.
- PIN: Awards- Golden Globes Award announced on social media instead of physical event. 1)
BEST MOVIE, DRAMA The Power of the Dog 2) BEST MUSICAL OR COMEDY West Side Story 3)
BEST ACTRESS, DRAMA Nicole Kidman, for movie Being the Ricardos 4) BEST ACTOR, DRAMA- Will
Smith, for movie King Richard- biography about Serena William’s father.
- Book: INDIA VS UK: THE STORY OF AN DIPLOMATIC WIN by IFS officer Syed Akbaruddin
- Book: My Father: The Extraordinary Life of an Ordinary Man. by Arvind Panagariya- the first Vice
Chairman of NITI Aayog.
- Death: Sidney Poitier, 1st Black actor to win Oscar / Academy Best Actor Award, for the 1963
film “Lilies of the Field”
- PIN/ appointment: Dr S Somanath, the director of ISRO’s Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, who was
named the next chairman of ISRO
- Polity: judiciary: Bihar Prohibition and Excise Act, 2016 → people arrested for legal position → got
Bail from Patna High Court → Bihar Government is opposing this in the Supreme Court but. SC said
no to Bihar’s appeals against liquor case bails. Reason: SC found these liquor-bail matters have
choked courts and 14-15 Patna high court judges are hearing these cases only. बिहार में शराब बंदी के क़ानून में
जो लोग पकड़े गए थे उसमें से कु छ को पटना हाईकोर्ट ने ज़मानत दे दी जिसके ख़िलाफ़ बिहार सरकार सुप्रीम कोर्ट गई तो सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने बिहार सरकार को ही
फटकार लगायी है कि ये सब मामले हम नहीं तोड़ेंगे पटना हाईकोर्ट के 15 जज तो पूरा दिन बस शराब ज़मानत की अर्ज़ी आयी सुनते है, जिसके चलते बाक़ी कई
सारे मामले विलंबित हो गए है!
- Polity: secularism: KASHMIR PARTIES objected to a government order asking colleges in Jammu
and Kashmir to ensure the participation of students and staff in “large scale suryanamaskar” events
on Makar Sankranti. Kashmiri political parties are opposed to the idea of Hindu practices being
forced upon the Kashmiri student. Alternatively they are demanding that the Eid celebration should
also be done in the similar large scale in the colleges, if sankranti celebrated with such gusto. जम्मू
कश्मीर प्रशासन ने सब कॉलेजों को आदेश दिया है कि मकर संक्रांति उत्सव के लिए सामूहिक रूप से सूर्य नमस्कार किए जाएं तो कश्मीरी राजनीतिक पक्षों को
इसी आपत्ति है, कि यह हिन्दू रीति रिवाज़ हम पर थोपी जा रहे हैं।जबकि ईद का जश्न कॉलेज में इतनी ज़ोर शोर से मनाने नहीं दिया जाता।
- Polity: combative federalism- The present Seventh Schedule inherited from from 1935. Article
246 of the Constitution mentions three lists in the Seventh Schedule — union, state and concurrent
lists. The state list mentions “public order” and “police (including railway and village police)”. While
The union list makes no mention of “order”. It only mentions: “Deployment of any armed force of
the Union or any other force subject to the control of the Union or any contingent or unit thereof in
any State in aid of the civil power.” Sometimes it results in dispute between union and state
regarding deployment of the CAPF. 7वीं अनुसूची में क़ानून व्यवस्था और पुलिस प्रशासन राज्य की ज़िम्मेदारी है हालाँकि ज़रूरत पर कें द्र
सरकार भी अपनी कें द्रीय पुलिस बल राज्य सरकार की मदद के लिए भेज सकता है कभी कभी इस बारे में कें द्र और राज्य की लड़ाई हो जाती है
- Polity: Rights-issues: Women: BOMBAY High Court quashed an FIR with rape charges registered
against a man after he married the victim-woman & The woman requested to withdraw the FIR.
HC held that no purpose would be served if the husband was kept behind bars, wife’s grievance has
been addressed and prosecution is not required to continue. बलात्कार के आरोपी ने पीड़िता के साथ शादी कर ली और
पीड़िता ने पुलिस वापस ले ली तो हाईकोर्ट ने उसे छोड़ दिया है कि अब कोई मामला बचा ही नहीं।
- Polity: combative federalism- SC appointed Retd. Justice Indu Malhotra committee to probe the
security breach during Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to Punjab on January 5.

- Polity: election-comparing constitutions: New York State of America passed a new law to allow 8
lakh non-citizens and Dreamers (children of the illegal migrants) to vote the municipal elections.
But, non-citizens cannot vote in the President election or Federal Legislature (Rajya-Sabha: SENATE
and Lok Sabha House of representatives) or State legislature election. 🤔Points to Reflect: 😍 1)
even the non-citizens contribute to the municipal taxes and therefore deserve a voice regarding
municipal corporation election for the issues affecting the day to day lives such as Road sanitation
water, electricity police and public order. 😥 2) This law is passed by the mayor, but Mayor does not
have the authority. Only state legislature or union legislature can pass such thing. 😥 3) conservative
rich white families feel this is ploy to ⏫ winning chances election using migrant workers. This
undermines the rights of real citizens who are now becoming number wise minority in the city. 😥 4)
In the name of WOKISM, unnecessary appeasement is being done. न्यूयॉर्क नगर पालिका चुनाव में जो नागरिक नहीं भी
है किन्तु निवासी है उसे भी मतदान का अधिकार दिया गया ताकि वे भी अपने शहर की समस्याओं में अपनी आवाज़ उठा सके । हालाँकि है ये क़ानून मेयर ने
बनाया है विशेषज्ञों का कहना है कि के वल राज्य या के न्द्र की संसद ही ऐसा तो क़ानून बना सकती हैं। ये मेयर का क़ानून के वल प्रवासी मज़दूरों की वोट बैंक
दोबारा सत्ता में बने रहने की सस्ती हरकत है। अगर इसी तरह ग़ैर नागरिकों को मत अधिकार दिए जाने लगे तो मूल निवासी मूल नागरिकों के साथ नाइंसाफी होगी
क्योंकि वे अपने ही शहर में अल्पसंख्यक बन जाएंगे।
- Polity: Judiciary: SUPREME COURT expanded the definition of vulnerable witnesses to also include
sexual assault victims, those with mental illness and people with speech or hearing impairment.
Highcourts will be required to set up Vulnerable Witness Deposition Centre (VWDC) so that such
vulnerable witnesses can give the testimony without fear or shame. भैध-गवाहों की सूची में शारीरिक और मानसिक रूप
से विकलांग लोग और यौन शोषण के पीड़ितों को शामिल किया गया है यानी कि उनकी गवाही देने के लिए हाईकोर्ट में ख़ास के न्द्र बनाने होंगे, ताकि वो बिना डरे,
या बिना शर्मिंदा महसूस किए अपनी बात बता सके अदालत को।
- Sci: 6-Corona: Covid-19 vaccines can cause side effects like fever. If anti-fever medicine-
Paracetamol taken immediately after vaccination will suppress the immune response a little bit. So,
not advisable.
- Sci-6 corona: VULNERABILITY CATEGORIES of the districts: category 1- Corona exposure <0.5%
and Vaccination <50%. Catogory4: Covid exposure is 2.5% and Vaccination above 50%
- Science: Space Tech: China’s Chang’e 5 lunar probe finds 1st on-site proof of water on moon. चीन
के चंद्रयान ने चाँद पर पानी के अवशेष पाए हैं
- Science- Health: animal to human transplant experiment. In a first, USA surgeons transplant pig
heart into 57-year-old patient. Because human hearts donation was not available. 🤔 Surgeons used
a heart from a pig that had undergone gene-editing to remove a sugar in its cells that’s responsible
for that hyper-fast organ rejection. Several biotech companies are developing pig organs for human
transplant. 🤔 USA’s Food and Drug Administration, which oversees such experiments, allowed the
surgery under what’s called a “compassionate use” emergency authorisation, available when a
patient with a life-threatening condition has no other options. (अमेरिका में दिल/हदय के मरीज़ में सूव्वर के ह्रदय का
सफलतापूर्वक प्रत्यारोपण। हालाँकि इससे पहले उस सुअर के हृदय पर जिन एडिटिंग द्वारा रंग सूत्रों में कु छ परिवर्तन करने होते हैं ताकि मानव शरीर उसे अपना
सके । वैसे तो सरकारी संस्थान ऐसे पशुओं से मानव में प्रत्यारोपण को अनुमति नहीं देती लेकिन क्योंकि इस व्यक्ति की मौत निश्चित हो रही थी और कोई भी उसे
दान में हदय नहीं दे रहा था इसलिए ये अनुमति दी गई)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Anchor investor exits, Paytm shares spiral to hit all-time low
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ At WTO, China a ‘developing’ country: Why many nations are raising concerns-
Already studied few days back. https://youtu.be/asluvikRcb4?t=362 (https://youtu.be/asluvikRcb4?
t=362)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Auto PLI scheme draws 115 applicants. Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21
Lecture Series. Its Handout available at https://mrunal.org/download
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Dalit land transfers in Ayodhya scrapped, what happens now? Individual State-
specific scams ball by ball commentary not imp for UPSC.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Explained series 1) Politics of UP, over the years 2) Dharma sansad and
mahamandaleshwar: who they are, the role they play
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ PM SECURITY BREACH: 1) RETIRED SC JUDGE TO HEAD COMMITTEE. Let the final
verdict come 2) SC lawyers got fake phone calls about this case.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ RESH BUOYANCY SEEN IN DIRECT, INDIRECT TAX COLLECTIONS. Let Economic
Survey come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Vi’s 35.8% stake with govt: How will management work. Studied earlier.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Yield hits 2-yr high as RBI mops up liquidity, US Treasuries surge
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ explain series: Booster/Precautionary’ doses- same vaccine will be given instead of
doing mixing up (e.g. Pfizer/Johnson)because government is hesitant about risks / pricing.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋Dhamaal around privatisation Central Electronics Limited (CEL). Individual companies
case studies not important.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ South Indian actor Siddharth versus Saina Nehwal over some sexist tweets. NCW
wants twitter account blocked. Let the final verdict come. We already have sufficient content for
dealing with the questions related to social media toxicity.
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has allowed offline mode of payments
using cards, wallets or mobile devices upto Rs.200 per transaction and overall limit of Rs 2,000 for
all transactions until balance in the account is replenished/recharged. (Otherwise if credit card
/mobile stolen then big fraud may be done by doing 200-200 ke 25000 transaction by scamster then
customer may have to pay big bill) 😍 It’ll promote digital transactions in areas with poor or weak
internet or telecom connectivity, particularly in semi-urban and rural areas इंटरनेट बंद हो तब भी डिजिटल भुगतान
हो सके उस प्रणाली को रिज़र्व बैंक ने शुरू करवाया है लेकिन शुरुआत में एक-एक लेंनदेन्न में २०० ज़्यादा का लेनदेन नहीं हो सकता। और कु ल मिलाकर
2000 रुपये से ज़्यादा का लेन देन नहीं हो सकता जब तक कि ग्राहक अपने कार्ड/ बैंक खाते इत्यादि में पैसा वापस न भर दे। इसे दुर्गम प्रदेश जहाँ इंटरनेट की
सतत् रूप से सेवा उपलब्ध नहीं, वहाँ पर भी डिजिटल भुगतान को प्रोत्साहन मिलेगा.
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: scamster in Kerala duped 900 people’s 1200 cr rupees by giving
“initial coin offering” of “Morris Coin” crypto currency which was actually non-existent. 🤔Points to
Reflect: Kerala having high level of literacy also falling in such scams. Because greed clouds the
rational judgement. क्रिप्टोमुद्रा में निवेश के नाम पर भारत की पब्लिक को ठगना बनाना जारी है. वैसे तो के रल के लोग पढ़े -लिखे हैं तो उन्होंने ऐसे
वित्तीय झालसाजी का शिकार नहि बन्ना चाहिए, लेकिन लोभ लालच में तर्क शक्ति कम हो जाती है.
- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: RESERVE Bank of India (RBI) kept SBI, ICICI, HDFC Bank in Domestic
Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs) or institutions which are ‘too big to fail’. They are required to
keep additional capital as safety. International guidelines are issued by Financial Stability Board
(FSB, a brainchild of G20).
- EcoPill1B1: Bank Classification: Airtel Payments Bank has been categorised as a scheduled bank
by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). What it means is already studied along with the Paytm example
few weeks back.
- EcoPill1C: Sharemarket- Bonds: Highway/construction Contractors are required to give bank
guarantees to government, in case they failed to complete the project in required time and quality.
But, in the Corona crisis bankers are facing problems in issue in the bank guarantees. So, Insurance
Regulatory and Development Authority of India (Irdai) has allowed General insurance companies to
launch various types of surety bonds in the country. A surety bond is provided by the insurance
company on behalf of the contractor to the entity, which is awarding the project. When a
principal/client breaks a bond’s terms, the harmed party can make a claim on the bond to recover
losses. 😍 help reduce risks due to cost overrun, project delays and poor contract performance. 🤔
Sub-types of Surety Bonds: Bid Bonds, Performance Bonds, Advance Payment Bonds and Retention
Money Bonds. But we will not study their internal difference. इसका हिन्दी हम नहीं पढ़ने बैठेंगे, क्योंकि Prelims के लिए
काम का है लेकिन Mains के लिए काम का नहीं है
- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: GST Council proposed to increase GST on textile from 5% to 12% to
curb inverted duty structure, from 1/1/2022. But after opposition from textile industry and state
govt, this decision is postponed. कपड़ा उद्योग पर 5% जीएसटी/GST को बढ़ाकर 12 प्रतिशत करना था उस निर्णय को अभी के लिए
GST परिषद ने टाल दिया है क्योंकि कपड़ा व्यापारी और राज्य सरकारें विरोध कर रही थी।

- EcoPill3B-Intl-Orgs: WTO & China: World Trade Organisation trade agreements have different set
of norms for developed countries in developing countries regarding the taxes/subsidies they may put
on import and export. 🤔 WTO members themselves declare whether they are “developed” or
“developing” countries. However, members can challenge each other’s declared status. 🤔 For a long
time America had been criticising that India and China are not developing countries and they should
be asked to not reduced subsidies to local mfg/exporters. 😥 Now India too has criticised/questioned
China @WTO that China is NOT a developing country and it should be asked to reduce the
subsidies given to local industries. China shd be treated as 'upper-middle income' category. 😥
Although China says that the World Bank definition are constructed on artificial Income lines, they
do not truly reflect the backwardness of country- needs to be measured relative to the richest
countries. So America having per capita income of $63,000 versus China having per capita income of
$10,000 only is 1/6th of USA so China is ‘developing’. 🤔Points to Reflect: earlier India and China
had shown a common stand on America's responsibility for climate change but now India is siding
with USA questioning the WTO concessions available to China! विश्व व्यापार संगठन में विकासशील देशों को अपने स्थानिक
उद्योगों को विदेशी आयात से बचाने के लिए टैक्स और सब्सिडी मैं विविध छू ट देने के प्रावधान होते हैं काफ़ी वर्षों से अमेरिका चीन की शिकायत कर रहा था कि
चीन ग़रीब देश नहीं है और उसे इस प्रकार की छू ट कम मिलनी चाहिए। भारत भी अमेरिका के साथ मिल गया है और विश्व व्यापार संगठन ने शिकायत लगायी है
कि चीन एक विकासशील देश नहीं है वो एक उच्च मध्यम आय वाला देश है इसलिए चीन ने अपने स्थानीय उद्योगों को टैक्स और सब्सिडी की छू ट में कमी करनी
चाहिए। ग़ौर करने वाली बात ये है कि जलवायु परिवर्तन के सम्मेलन में भारत और चीन दोनों साथ मिल जाते हैं कि हम लोग विकासशील देश है, और अमेरिका-
यूरोप के अमिर देशों ने क्लाइमेट चेंज के ख़िलाफ़ हमें ट्रक-भर के पैसा देना चाहिए, लेकिन इस बार भारत अमेरिका के साथ मिल गया है।
- EcoPil4C-GDP: According to the World Bank, countries with a per capita income of A) $1045 or
less- low income countries B) $1046-$4095: lower middle income countries. e.g. India with a per
capita income of $1,928, C) 4096-12,695: upper middle income countries e.g. China (Per capita
income $10,435, in 2020) D) High income countries- 12,696 and above e.g. United States
($63,413). विश्व बैंक की प्रति व्यक्ति आय के हिसाब से देशों को कम आय, निम्न-मध्यम, उच्च मध्यम और उच्च आय विभाजित करता है।
- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: Sri Lanka inflation crossed 12% in 2021-Dec. (excessive focus on
fertilizer-less “organic farming” had reduced the crop output) Public protests. Now Sri Lankan
government unveiled a $1billion relief package 1) Govt will raise salaries and pensions of govt
employees 2) Govt to remove some taxes on food and medicine 3) provide cash for its poorest
citizens 4) Govt will buy crops at higher-than-market rates from farmers/MSP. 😥 Total cost of this
Fiscal package is $1 billion. International rating agencies have already given low rating to Sri Lankan
government bonds and warned about loan defaults. 🤔Points to Reflect: if the inflation is not
controlled, it spirals into such crisis. श्रीलंका में महँगाई हद से ज़्यादा बढ़ गई है जनता प्रचंड धमाल कर रही है, इसलिए श्रीलंका सरकार ने
प्रोत्साहन पैके ज घोषित किया कि जिसमें सरकारी कर्मचारियों की तनख़्वाह बढ़ायी जाएगी दवाई और खाद्य पदार्थों के टैक्स हटाए जाएंगे गरीबों को पैसा देंगे और
किसानों से ऊँ ची क़ीमतों पर फ़सल ख़रीदेंगे लेकिन ये सब करने का ख़र्चा 1 बिलियन डॉलर आएगा और अंतरराष्ट्रीय रेटिंग संस्थाओं का मानना है कि श्रीलंका
सरकार अपने विदेशी बांड पर दिवालियापन दिखा देगी। इसलिए हमने भी भारत में महँगाई को क़ाबू में रखने की कोशिश करनी चाहिए वरना ऐसी दिक्कतें आ सकती
है।
- EcoPil5-INFRA: Energy- Green Energy Corridor Project aims at synchronizing electricity produced
from renewable sources, such as solar and wind, with conventional power stations in the grid.
Ministry of new and renewable energy has launched phase 2 with 12,000 crore rupee funding. पुनः
नवीनीकरण ऊर्जा की लाइनें पारंपरिक विद्युत लाइनों के साथ जोड़ा जा सके ऐसा हरित ऊर्जा कॉरिडोर प्रोजेक्ट जिसका दूसरा चरण शुरू होगा।
- Environment/Pollution: Comparing Constitution- Chile, the world’s second-largest lithium producer
after Australia. Lithium (used in rechargeable batteries) found in desert beside the Andes Mountains.
🤔 1980s: Military ruler (name not important) drafted a constitution allowing foreign companies
investment in mining sector and allowing water rights to be bought and sold. 😥 exploitation of
Lithium, copper and coal, salmon and avocados. Excessive environmental degradation. Shortage of
water. 😥 2019- protest & referendum to draft a new constitution. 😍155 member Constitution
assembly drafting a new constitution, will decide the fate of mining rights and water rights. चिली देश
दुनिया का दूसरा सबसे बड़ा लीथियम उत्पादक देश है. 1980 के ज़माने में उसके सैन्य शासकों ने जो संविधान बनाया था वहाँ पर खनिज और पानी के
अधिकारों का निजीकरण किया गया था. जिसके बाद जमकर प्राकृ तिक संसाधनों का शोषण का दुरुपयोग लूट हुई है अंत तथा पर्यावरण की बर्बादी पानी की क़िल्लत
से ज़िले के निवासी जूझ रही है. 2019 में जनता ने भारी विरोध किया एक जनमत संग्रह हुआ कि चिली का संविधान ही बदल दिया जाए. तो अभी संविधान में
बदलाव की प्रक्रिया चल रही है जिसमें खनिज और पानी के अधिकारों के बारे में और स्पष्टता होगी और पर्यावरण सुरक्षा संवर्द्धन पर और जोर दिया जाए.
- Environment/Pollution: 😍 1) DELHI government deregistered around 1 lakh diesel vehicles older
than 10 years on January 1. Owners will now have to apply for no-objection certificates for re-
registration in other states, scrap their vehicles in authorised scrapyards, or convert them into e-
vehicles. 😍 Now petrol vehicles older than 15 years will also be de-registered. 😍 2) Maharashtra
govt depts, local bodies to only buy, rent EVs from Jan 😥 3) Chinese government to phase out the
electric vehicle subsidy in the next two years. दिल्ली सरकार ने 10 साल से पुरानी डीज़ल वाहनों को हटाने का दिया आदेश वग़ैरह
इधर उधर के मुद्दे चल रहे।
- Ethics: education- UNIVERSITY Grants Commission (UGC) has written to central universities citing
that courses should be taught based on demand from students. criticism 😥 teachers’ body afraid
that it will lead to job losses and weaken language and social science departments. 😥 students
cannot be the best judge of what is best for their life/career. After watching the movie Jolly LLB,
some of them may want to take a LLB Court. After watching the movie Neerja some of them may
want to take a air-hostess course. If the courses are started and closed based on the intake of
students then many subjects will vanish. UGC ने आदेश जारी किया है कि कॉलेज में वो कोर्स चलाए जाने चाहिए जहाँ विद्यार्थियों की
चाहत ज़्यादा है. प्रोफ़े सर विरोध कर रहे हैं कि ऐसा करने पर तो समाज विज्ञान के बहुत सारे कोर्स जिसमें बहुत कम विद्यार्थी आते हैं उन्हें बंद करना होगा, तो
शिक्षकों की नौकरी भी चली जाएगी और वो विषय भी दुनिया से ग़ायब हो जाएंगे.
- Ethics: CSR / Corporate Governance-⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ 1) Theranos - blood testing kit startup scam. 2)
Rotomac ballpen founder accused in bank loan fraud died in bathroom slipping. Earlier, we had
studied the Tesla company video-game feature, but we will not study this Theranos case. Because
these new cases, are not as famous enough, so even if you write it as ‘example’, it may not click
with the professor who is evaluating the papers. He maybe more familiar with local cases like
Satyam/YesBank/Kingfisher. ये therano/rotomac वाली मामले बहूत मशहूर नहीं थे में इसलिए आप इसका ज़िक्र भी करेंगे तो मुख्य
परीक्षा / इंटरव्यू प्रोफ़े सर को ज़्यादा मज़ा नहीं आएगा क्योंकि वो उसके साथ दिमाग़ी रूप से जुड़ नहि पाएगा।
- Ethics: Sports ethics- Tennis players and spectators in the Australian Open will need to be fully
vaccinated. Serbian tennis star Novak Djokovic is not vaccinated and yet she was given exemption to
participate in the tennis tournament but after protest by Australian public he was stopped by Visa
officers at the airport in Australia. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) while allowing an vaccinated tennis star will
still improve the ticket sales in video page views but he will put the spectators and other sports
person at risk of Corona. So, he should not be allowed. No matter what type of freedom and rights
issues he is claiming. जोकोविच की हुई गज़ब बेज्जती। पहले ऑस्ट्रेलियाई टेनिस संघ ने कहा कि तुम बहुत बड़ी टेनिस सुपरस्टार हो, इसलिए भले
तुमने टीका नहीं लगवाया तो भी तुमको ऑस्ट्रेलियाई ओपन टेनिस प्रतियोगिता खेलने देंगे क्योंकि हमको तो बस टिकट बिकवाने हैं और pageview लानी है,
चाहे तुम्हारे चलते दूसरे खिलाड़ियों और प्रेक्षकों कोरोना के जोखिम में क्यों नहीं आ जाए! लेकिन बाद में ऑस्ट्रेलियाई जनता ने धमाल शुरू की, तो जोकोविच
को एयरपोर्ट पर ही वीज़ा अफ़सरों ने रोक दिया कि ज़्यादा हवा में मत उड़ो बेटा तुमने टीका नहीं लगवाया इसलिए तुमको ऑस्ट्रेलिया में प्रवेश नहीं दे सकते।
- Ethics: Attitude towards women- Github- it is an online platform for hosting open source software
but perveted hackers created an app containing stolen photos of Indian muslim girls (from social
media account) & presenting it for auction. Open source software technology is meant to benefit the
mankind but perverted individuals misuse it. ओपन-सोर्स सॉफ़्टवेयर अन्य लोगों को सार्वजनिक रूप से मुफ़्त में मुहैया कराने के लिए
बना हुआ एक github प्लैटफ़ॉर्म। लेकिन बदमाश लोग वहाँ सोशल मीडिया प्लेटफ़ॉर्म से चुराई गई है मुस्लिम महिलाओं की फोटोग्राफर्स अपलोड करके उनकी
नीलामी की जाए ऐसी विकृ त की एप्स को बना रही है।
- Ethics: Attitude towards judiciary/dilemmas in Public Org: Article 348 of the Constitution mandates
that the language of the high court would be English. So person must address the judge in English.
If he does not know English then he will be provided with a translator. if person cannot afford a
lawyer, State Legal Services Authority will provide a free lawyer. A Gujarati newspaper editor
continued to speak in Gujarati in saying “This is Gujarat” -drawing the Guj HC court’s anger, held
him in contempt of court proceedings. 🤔Life Lesson to Reflect for Babushonas: 1) One should not
try to play smart in front of those who have the authority. 2) Bad habit of some activists to cause a
scene/drama in front of policeman/govt officials to get viral video recorded to become famous
among their fans. But same attitude when showed in front of Judge, it backfires. 3) “we should not
allow the colonial legacy of only English court proceedings. Should allow the petitioner to speak in
local language”… all correct One needs to amend the Constitution, until then rules are rules. 4)
High Court judges are also posted outside their home-states so some of them may not be well-
versed in the local language and therefore English is necessary. संविधान के अनुच्छेद 348 हिसाब से हाई कोर्ट की
भाषा होगी। अंग्रेज़ी यदि किसी व्यक्ति को अंग्रेज़ी नहीं आती तो उसे अनुवादक मुहैया किया जाएगा अगर वो बहुत ग़रीब है तो उसे मुफ़्त में वक़ील भी मुहैया किया
जाएगा. मामला कु छ ऐसा था कि गुजराती अख़बार के संपादक ने गुजरात हाईकोर्ट ने अपनी जिरह के दौरान गुजराती में बोलना शुरू किया है कि ”ये गुजरात है तो
में गुजराती में ही बोलूँगा!” हाईकोर्ट ने उसे उसके ख़िलाफ़ कोर्ट की अवमानना का मामला शुरू किया है. बाबूशोनो के लिए बहूत ही गहरा जीवन-बोध है- 1)
आज कल कु छ आंदोलनकारी जानबूझकर पुलिस/सरकारी अफ़सरों के सामने नौटंकी ड/रामा करते हैं ताकि उसका वायरल वीडियो अपने सोशल मीडिया फैं स को
दिखा सके । लेकिन जब ऐसे ही नौटंकी आप अदालत में करते हैं तो जज के पास सत्ता है, उसके सामने शान पट्टी नहीं दिखानी चाहिए। हालाँकि ये बात सही है कि
अंग्रेजों के ज़माने की ये सब चीज़ें हटानी चाहिए और स्थानीय भाषा में भी दलील है की अनुमति होनी चाहिए लेकिन जब तक संविधान की धारा नहीं बदली जाती
तब तक जज भी नियमों से बँधे हैं कि सिर्फ़ अंग्रेज़ी में सुनवाई होगी. कई बार पर प्रांतीय जजों की अन्य राज्यों में नियुक्ति होती है तो ज़रूरी नहीं कि उन्हें स्थानीय
भाषा समज आती हो।
- Geography/Disaster: Stampade at Vaishnodevi shrine. 50,000 visitors; scuffle between two
groups. 12 dead. Now onwards online booking only. वैष्णोदेवी में भगदड़ से लोगों की मौत.
- geography places in news: New bridge to connect India-Nepal over the Mahakali river and link
Dharchula in Uttarakhand with Nepal’s Dharchula
- Geography- Places in News: Almaty, the Kazakhstan’s largest city. Public protesting against the
increase in LPG fuel prices. Russian government sent soldiers for containing the protest as part of
their security alliance pact. कजाकिस्तान में बढ़ती महँगाई के चलते लोग प्रचंड धमाल कर रहे थे तो रुस ने सेना भेजनी पड़ी।
- Geography Places in News: Gujarat’s Kevadia railway station in Narmada district renamed to Ekta
Nagar. It’s located near the statue of unity. National Unity Day (Rashtriya Ekta Divas) is celebrated
on October 31, Birthday of Sardar Patel.
- GPSC: Student Startup and Innovation Policy (SSIP) 2.0, which is aimed at financially support
school students in innovation by Gujarat Govt. “any person up to the age of 35 years, who is, a
school student of foundational, preparatory, middle, secondary level (upto Class 12), a diploma,
vocational, undergraduate, postgraduate, doctoral student or an alumna, alumnus or any dropout
from school, institute, university- is eligible.
- History-Culture: Takht, which means a throne, is a seat of temporal authority for Sikhs. Takhts
are known to issue hukumnamas from time to time on issues that concern the Sikh community.
There are five Sikh Takhts, three in Punjab and one each in Maharashtra and Bihar. 🙏1) Akal
Takht: Located in Amritsar, it is the oldest of the Takhts, and considered supreme among the five. It
was set up in 1606 by Guru Hargobind, 🙏 2) Takht Keshgarh Sahib: Located in Anandpur Sahib in
Punjab. It was here that Guru Gobind Singh raised Khalsa, the initiated Sikh warriors, in 1699. 🙏 3)
Takht Patna Sahib: Guru Gobind Singh was born here in 1666. 🙏 4) Takht Hazur Sahib: In Nanded,
where Guru Gobin Singh spent time and where he was cremated in 1708. 🙏 5) Takht Damdama
Sahib: In Talwandi Sabo of Bathinda. Guru Gobind Singh spent several months here. 2022-Jan:
Delhi govt amended the Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Act, 1971, recognising Takht Damdama Sahib as the
fifth Takht of Sikhs सिख धर्म का पाँचवा तख़्त - दिल्ली राज्य सरकार ने उसे आधिकारिक/क़ानूनन रूप से स्वीकृ त किया है।
- History/Freedom Struggle: 150th death anniversary of Saint Kuriakose Elias Chavara, social
reformer in Kerala on January 3. 1) His poem Anasthasyayude Rakthasakshyam (The Martyrdom of
Anastasia, 1862) is considered the first minor epic in Malayalam. 2) In his autobiography,
Nalagamam (Chronicles), Saint Chavara vividly narrates how Hindus, Muslims and Christians
together toiled hard to establish his monastery in Mannanam. 3) He had opened schools in Church
and started mid-day meal in them. 4) established a Sanskrit school in Mannanam in Kerala,
- IR/Defense: India-China: Line of Actual Control (LAC) in eastern Ladakh, China is building a new
bridge on Pangong Tso lake for faster troop movement. Khurnak Fort has been under Chinese
control since 1958. although Historically this fort was a part of India. चीन नए पुल बना रहा है. ठीक है ठीक है थोड़ा
बहुत नाम सुनें होनी चाहिए लेकिन हर एक नदी नाले नहर का जेम्स बांड बन्ने की ज़रूरत नहीं है
- IR/Defense: China: RECIPROCAL ACCESS Agreement (RAA), the defence treaty between Australia
and Japan. to play a more active role in the Indo-Pacific. China is not happy. Therefore, India should
be happy ऑस्ट् रेलिया और जापान के बीच हिन्द प्रशांत महासागर में सुरक्षा समझौता है जिसके चलते स्वाभाविक है चीन को मज़ा
नहीं आ रहा इसलिए भारत को बहुत मज़ा आना चाहिए।

- IR/Defense: India-China: Sphere of influence- It is an area where a nation-state has political,


economic, military and cultural influence. Previously Russia had annexed Crimea region from Ukraine
for expanding its sphere of influence. Before World War II even Japan was trying to do same thing
in Asia- for liberating Asia from the influence of European colonialism and building a new Asian
order. 🤔 After World War II China also doing the same. 🤔 India has also done it by liberating
Bangladesh from Pakistan, and neither American or China could prevent it. 🤔 Many middle powers
are seeking to build or rebuild spheres of influence — Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Egypt in the
Middle East and the Horn of Africa. 🤔 So, India needs to think regionally rather than just
nationally. 🤔 Spheres of influence are here to stay as instruments to regulate competition between
great powers. But they endure only when the dominant power is wise and its neighbours are
prudent. Otherwise, neither the big power nor its neighbours will be secure. प्रभाव क्षेत्र- यह एक ऐसा क्षेत्र है जहां
एक राष्ट्र-राज्य का राजनीतिक, आर्थिक, सैन्य और सांस्कृ तिक प्रभाव होता है। अलग अलग समय में रशिया जापान चीन सभी ने अपना प्रभाव क्षेत्र बढ़ाने की
कोशिश की है. मध्य पूर्व और अफ़्रीका में भी ऐसा हो रहा है. तो भारत ने सावधान रहने की ज़रूरत है
- IR/Defense: China- Indian MP s attended a dinner reception hosted by the Tibetan Parliament-in-
exile. Then Chinese Embassy sent letters to them expressed "concern" over their participation and
asked them to "refrain from providing support to the 'Tibetan independence' forces". Indian
government has criticised this letter, “ India is a vibrant democracy and Honourable MPs, as
representatives of the people, undertake activities as per their views and beliefs.We expect the
Chinese side to refrain from hyping normal activities by Honourable MPs and further complicating
the situation in our bilateral relations” कु छ भारतीय सांसदों ने तिब्बती सरकार की रात्रि भोज में हिस्सा लिया तो चीनी सरकार ने नाराज़गी
जतायी और उन भारतीय सांसदों को चिट्ठी लिखी कि ऐसा मत कीजिए क्योंकि तिब्बत अलग देश नहीं है वो चीन का अभिन्न अंग है। इस पर भारत सरकार ने
नाराज़गी जतायी है कि चीन सरकार ने भारत के सांसदों को पत्र नहीं लिखना चाहिए हमारी सांसदों को जो ठीक लगेगा, वो करेंगे।
- IR/Defense: India-UK. UK is planning to relax immigration rules, cheaper and easier visas for
Indian tourists, students and professionals, in an attempt to keep India happy for the proposed
India-UK free trade agreement (FTA) भारत के साथ मुक्त व्यापार समझौते के लिए लुभाने वास्ते ब्रिटिश सरकार ने कहा है कि भारतीयों को
तुरंत और आसानी से वीज़ा दिए जाएंगे ब्रिटेन आने के लिए।
- IR/Defense: ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Israeli spy agency Mossad threatened German & Swiss firms that aided
Pak in nuke weapons.
- IR/Defense: Srilanka- Trincomalee oil tank farm: pre-WWII era oil storage facility has a capacity
of nearly 100,0000 tonnes. Meant for re-fueling the ships. Its redevelopment to be done by a
company owned by Srilanka(51%) and India (49%)
- IR/Defense: Taliban to not allow fencing by Pakistan on the Durand-Line. Thus, Pakistan and
Afghanistan are not best-friends. they also have disputes over territories. अफ़ग़ानिस्तान और पाकिस्तान के बीच भी
दुरांड-लाइन इलाक़े में सीमा तनाव बन रहा है
- IR/Defense: multilateral: Russia, China, Britain, US and France agree: No one can win a nuclear
war. We need to stop spread of nuclear arms and a nuclear war should be avoided, संयुक्त राष्ट्र के स्थाई
सदस्यों ने ये माना है कि परमाणु युद्ध में कोई जीत नहीं सकता और परमाणु हथियारों का प्रसार को रोकने की ज़रूरत है
- IR/Defense: SAARC summit 2016 was originally planned to be held in Islamabad but boycotted by
India, Bangladesh etc. after Uri Attack. Since then no annual summit has been held. Now PAKISTAN
FOREIGN Minister said on that Pakistan was ready to host the 19th SAARC Summit and India can
join it virtually if the not willing to visit Islamabad. SAARC समिट जो 2016 से बंद है तो पाकिस्तान ने कहा वो मेज़बानी
करने को तैयार है और अगर भारत के नेताओं को रूबरू इस्लामाबाद में नहीं आना हो तो ऑनलाइन तरीक़े से भी जुड़ सकता है
- PIN: appointment- Justice Ayesha Malik to become Pakistan’s first woman SC judge

- PIN: Appointment- Alka Mittal became ONGC’s first woman Chairman and Managing Director (CMD)
- PIN: Award- CAPTAIN HARPREET Chandi, Indian-origin British Sikh Army officer also known as
Polar Preet, has created history by becoming the first woman of colour to complete a solo
unsupported trek to the South Pole.
- Death: RICHARD LEAKEY, the Kenyan paleoanthropologist and fossil hunter. Sad but not very
famous enough for Indian exams.
- Places in News: highest motorable road by Guinness World Records- 52-km, ‘black-top’ tarmac
road is in south Ladakh, connecting Chisumle and Demchok and passing through Umling La, at over
19,000 feet. This Indian road was built by Defense Ministry’s Border Road Organization BRO’s
Project Himank in 2017, The previous Guinness record was held by a road in Bolivia, which
connects the volcano Uturuncu. विश्व का सबसे ज़्यादा ऊँ चाई पर स्थित सड़क मार्ग लद्दाख में बनाया गया है इससे पहले ये उपलब्धि
बोलीविया ने हासिल की थी। वैसे IAS की परीक्षा में तो superlatives (biggest/tallest/largest) कम ही पूछे जाते हैं लेकिन
IES/CDS/CAPF की परीक्षा में वो पूछ लेते हैं पहले भी एक-बार कु छ अटल टनल का पूछा था
- Sports: MINISTRY of Civil Aviation has issued a draft National Air Sports Policy (NASP) for sports
such as aerobatics, aero- modelling, ballooning, drones, gliding, hang gliding, paragliding and
skydiving. They’ll be given subsidy tax benefit when is generation. Setup Air Sports Federation of
India (ASFI). Etc. this is not some really great thing covering entire India like education policy or
women policy that we need to lose sleep over it. हवाई खेल पर सरकार राष्ट्रीय नीति बनाने जा रही है लेकिन ये कोई इतना ज़ोरदार
मुद्दा नहीं है जैसा कि शिक्षा नीति या स्वास्थ्य नीति होती है कि हम इस पर झंडा ले के PHD करने बैठी.
- Polity- comparing Constitution: 6-Rights issues: Chinese government to revise the laws related to
women for- 1) definition of sexual harassment, 2) prohibitions on workplace discrimination 3) ban
forms of emotional abuse. चीनी सरकार महिलाओं के कानूनों में सुधार करना चाहती है ताकि यौन उत्पीड़न, घरेलू हिंसा इत्यादि से लड़ा जा सके

- Polity: 6-Rights issues: 10% EWS reservation via 103rd amendment in 2019. 2021-Supreme Court
had asked the government to revisit the definition of economically weaker section because it was
same as OBC but EWS and OBC are not Same, yet Presently the EWS definition is same as the Obc
(NOT MORE than ₹8 lakh annual income). The government had set up a committee (whose
members are not famous enough so we need to prepare their names). Committee recommended
that- if we decide a new definition then parents will have to again take up the certificates which will
consume a lot of time and delay the admission process/ syllabus completion for the 2022 academic
year. unadvisable and impractical to apply the new criteria and change the goal post in the midst of
the on-going processes resulting in inevitable delay and avoidable complications. Therefore better to
continue with the same definition. Committee's recommendations for future 🤔) If families having
more than 5 acre land then they should be excluded from EWS, irrespective of income. 🤔)
residential asset criteria may altogether be removed. सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने आर्थिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्ग की व्याख्या में बदलाव के बारे में
कें द्र सरकार को कहा था तो, कें द्र सरकार ने एक समिति बनायी. लेकिन उस समिति का ये कहना है कि अगर अभी हम व्याख्या बदलेंगे तो, जो मेडिकल कॉलेज
की एडमिशन प्रवेश प्रक्रिया चल रही है वो बहुत देरी से होगी, क्योंकि सब विद्यार्थियों ने वापस सर्टिफ़िके ट निकलवाने होंगे. तो जो चीज़ें जैसी थी वैसे यथास्थिति
रखी जाए, यानी जिनकी सालाना आमदनी 8 लाख से ज़्यादा नहीं उन सबको आर्थिक रूप से पिछड़ा माना जाए.
- Polity: election campaign expenditure limits increased: 1) Lok Sabha candidates to Rs 95 lakh (up
from Rs 70 lakh) 2) Vidhan Sabha in Big States- Rs 40 lakh (up from Rs 28 lakh) 3) Vidhan Sabha in
Small States: maximum Rs 28 lakh instead of the earlier limit of Rs 20 lakh. Reason? Number of
voters have increased and inflation has also increased and new methods of campaigning for social
media. So, the cost of election campaigning has also increased. आने वाले लोकसभा और विधानसभा चुनावों में उम्मीदवारों
की चुनाव प्रचार खर्च मर्यादा में चुनाव आयोग ने बढ़ोतरी की है क्योंकि महँगाई बढ़ रही है, और मतदाताओं की संख्या भी बढ़ रही है तो चुनाव प्रचार मे पहेले से
ज़्यादा ख़र्चा आ रहा है.
- Polity: election populism- 1) No property tax on homes in Mumbai upto500sqft before the
ELECTIONS to the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) 2) SAMAJWADI PARTY (SP) promised
to 300 units of free electricity to domestic consumers and to farmers before UP Election. 🤔Points to
Reflect: 15th FC criticised. Need to augment tax collection. If at all expenditure is to be done, it shd
be on capital assets & not revenue subsidies (e.g. electricity) चुनावी लोक लुभावन में मुंबई नगर निगम के चुनावों से पहले
मकानों पर प्रॉपर्टी टैक्स से मुक्ति और उत्तर प्रदेश चुनाव से पहले समाजवादी पार्टी कह रही है कि मुफ़्त बिजली देंगे। 15 वें वित् आयोग ने हालाँकि इस प्रकार
के चुनावी लोक लुभावन का विरोध किया है कि हमेशा कें द्र और राज्य सरकार ने अपने कर आमदनी में बढ़ोतरी की कोशिश करनी चाहिए और सब्सिडी की जगह
पूंजीगत संपत्तियों का निर्माण करने पर ज़ोर देना चाहिए.
- Polity: election- populism 1) Uttar Pradesh government reduces the electricity prices for farmers
with tubewells in UP. 😥 concerns over ground water over exploitation for Sugarcane. 2) Goa State
government declared that who complete 50 years and hold posts like CM and Speaker in Goa will be
given the Cabinet Minster status even after their retirement.” It will help in the salary, bungalow,
security guard etc. This seems to be a tactic to please Cong leader Pratapsingh Rane, to
join/support BJP. 😥 unnecessarily puts extra burden on the Fiscal resources and security
establishment of the state government. 3) SOUTH KOREAN Presidential candidate Lee Jae-myung
isn't bald. But he's offering free government scheme for the hair-loss treatment of bald men देश विदेश
में चुनावी लोक लुभावन जारी है
- Polity: combative federalism- PM’s cavalcade stranded on a flyover in Punjab due to protests. So
he came back to Delhi could not complete his election rallies in Punjab. Ministry of Home Affairs
formed a separate committee to probe the security lapse. The committee, headed by Sudhir Kumar
Saxena, Secretary (Security) 2) CENTRE is considering action under the Special Protection Group
(SPG) Act against Punjab Police officers because Section 14 of the SPG Act makes the state
government responsible for providing all assistance to the SPG during the PM’s movement. 3)
previously similar problems in West Bengal political rallies of BJP leaders when union government
tried to tranfer IPS officers of West Bengal for not providing enough security, but West Bengal State
government is not cooperated with the union government action. पंजाब में प्रधानमंत्री के क़ाफ़िले को 20 मिनट तक पुल
पे रुकना पड़ा क्योंकि लोग आंदोलन कर रहे थे। सुरक्षा ने ऐसी चूक के ख़िलाफ़ कें द्र सरकार ने समिति बनायी है और पंजाब के पुलिस अफ़सरों पर कार्रवाई की
जाएगी। पहले पश्चिम बंगाल में भी ऐसी धमाल हो चुकी थी।
- Polity: combative-federalism: Telangana State government has banned the entry of potatoes from
Uttar Pradesh because they are old/cold store. Telangana state government wants the local
customers to buy fresh potatoes cultivated by the farmers of Telangana. 🤔Points to Reflect:
customers should be allowed to decide whether they want to buy old potatoes or fresh potatoes.
But, imposing ban on the products from other states → will only increase hostilities. झगड़ालू संघ बाद
तेलंगाना राज्य सरकार ने उत्तर प्रदेश से आने वाले आलू पर प्रतिबंध लगाया है कि वो सब पिछले साल के पुराने आलू है। हम नहीं चाहते है तेलंगाना के ग्राहक वो
पुराने आलू ख़रीदे। हमारे तेलंगाना के किसानों ने जो ताज़े आलू उगाए हैं तेलंगाना के ग्राहकों ने ख़रीदने चाहिए। एक ही देश के भीतर अगर अलग अलग राज्य एक
दूसरे के उत्पादों पर इस प्रकार से प्रतिबंध लगाएंगे तो उससे के वल तनाव बढ़ेगा सौहार्द नहीं। अंत में ग्राहकों को निर्णय लेने देना चाहिए कि उसे ताज़े आलू ख़रीदते
हैं कि पुराने आलू ख़रीदने हैं
- Science: 5-Energy-Infra: IRON-AIR BATTERY works on the concept of ‘reversible rusting’ — it
uses oxygen from the air and converts iron metal to rust while discharging, and while charging, the
application of an electrical current transforms the rust back to iron and the battery releases oxygen
back into the air. 😥 However, the battery’s size and weight — each unit is the size of a small
refrigerator — makes its application impractical in EVs. हवा की मदद से लोहे पर झंग लगवाई जाती है और फिर उस झंग का
पून:रूपांतरण लोहे में करके ऊर्जा पेंदा की जाती है। लेकिन ये व्यावहारिक नहीं क्योंकि इस प्रकार की बैटरी एक रेफ्रिजरेटर के आकार की होती है, तो गाड़ी में
इसे लगा नहीं सकते हैं।
- Science: 5-Energy-Infra: Lithium-ion (LI-ON) batteries: Mechanism- They use aqueous electrolyte
solutions, where ions transfer to and fro between the anode (negative electrode made of
carbon/graphite) and cathode (positive electrode made of lithium). 😍 lithium-ion cells are better
than older-generation nickel-cadmium batteries because higher energy density, LI-ON batteries can
keep the mobile/phone running for more hours. 😥 While lithium-ion batteries are seen as
sufficiently efficient for phones and laptops, they still lack large capacity for Electric vehicles. 😥 Its
electrolyte is a flammable liquid, can result in a fire. Way Forward? solid-state lithium-metal battery
(By American company QuantumScape). 😍 no liquid. Uses polymers 😍 higher cell energy density
(by eliminating the carbon anode), 😍 lower charge time 😍longer lifecycle. पारंपरिक रूप से तो लीथियम आयन
बैटरी में तरल इलेक्ट्रोलाइट का प्रयोग होता है लेकिन उसे आग का जोखिम रहता है. और वो मोबाइल और लैपटॉप जैसी छोटी आकार की चीज़ों को तो ऊर्जा दे
सकता है लेकिन इलेक्ट्रिक वाहनों में लगायी जाए तो लंबी दूरी तक गाड़ी चल नहीं सकती. इसके उपाय स्वरूप सॉलिड स्टेट बैटरी का निर्माण हो रहा है.
- Sci-6-Corona: Omicron- 😥 ) 2021-Aug: Indian government had given Emergency Covid-19
Response Package II (ECRP-II) worth over ₹20,000 crores to State governments to ramp up medical
infrastructure/beds/oxygen after the Corona wave 2.0. But, not even 20% of this fund has been
utilised by the state governments. 😥 ) supreme Court to start virtual hearing due to Omicron
outbreak 😥 ) West Bengal offices to run at 50% capacity in schools shut down 😥) NEW YORK State
recorded over 85,000 new coronavirus cases on the last day of 2021, the highest one-day total in
the state since the pandemic began. It shows that education/ economic growth is not panacea for
civic duties and basic common sense. Otherwise public should be wearing mask and maintaining
social distance. कोरोना की दूसरी लहर के बाद 2021 में भारत सरकार ने राज्य सरकारों को अस्पतालों में पलंग ऑक्सीजन सिलिंडर इत्यादि के लिए
20, हज़ार करोड़ से ज़्यादा रुपये दिए हैं लेकिन अब तक राज्य सरकारों ने उसका 20 प्रतिशत भी इस्तेमाल नहीं किया और अब ओमीक्रान के मामले बढ़ रहे
हैं।
- Science-6 Corona: 2021-Oct: The shelf life of a vaccine is a reflection of how long the vaccine
retains its potency and stability at a given storage temperature. CDSCO ⏫ the self life of
BharatBiotech’s vaccine COVAXIN from 9 months to 12 months. There is a criticism that deliberately
the shelf life is extended to give expired drugs to public. But government has notified that need not
worry. शेल्फ़ लाइफ़ मतलब कितने दिनों के बाद कोई दवाई बेअसर /निष्क्रिय हो जाएगी और उसे फें क देना चाहिए. अक्टू बर महीने में सरकार ने कहा कि
कोरोना के कोवैक्सीन टिके की शेल्फ़ लाइफ़ जो शुरुआत में नौ महीने मानी गई थी उसे अब 12 महीने माना जाए। हालाँकि आलोचकों का मानना है कि निष्क्रिय
हो चुके दवाइयों को जनता को देकर, बेवक़ू फ़ बनाने के लिए, ये नियम बदला गया है। लेकिन सरकार ने कहा डरने की ज़रूरत नहीं।
- Science- 6 corona: Omicron 1) dangerous than Delta variant, because OmiCron is not doing
permanent damage to lungs. 2) Molnupiravir is a repurposed Covid-19 drug, originally developed to
treat influenza. Molnupiravir was found to be only 30% effective in trials in Corona. The drug
molecule incorporates itself into the RNA of the virus, inducing mutations with the objective of
hampering replication. But this carries the risk of introducing mutations that can make the virus
stronger and more dangerous. A bigger worry is the risk of the drug creating mutations in the
human DNA itself. So it is approved but Indian Council of medical research says it is not
recommended. 3) ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ revised isolation protocol. ओमी करोम का रोज़ का रोना धोना जारी है।
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ AIRPORTS Authority of India (AAI) on Tuesday said it would take legal recourse
against an order by a court in Quebec, Canada, allowing three foreign investors of Bengalurubased
start-up Devas Multimedia to seize millions of dollars of its assets held by the International Air
Transport Association (IATA).
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ China’s border law to promote coordination between border defence and social,
economic development in border areas. We had already studied this few months back now today
again Indian express is running explain Seies. So Ek-tha-Tiger-James-bond demography of
Babushona candidates may go crazy over it allover again, but we’ll not waste time PHD on it
because we have already learned it. चीन का सीमा क़ानून जहाँ पर वे अपने सीमावर्ती इलाकों का सामाजिक आर्थिक और सैन्य विकास
करेंगे ये चीज़ें हम पहले भी देख चुके ।
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Commercial LPG price cut by 102.5,1st reduction since Oct 6
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Explained Series 1) EWS, as defined by govt panel 2) IHU’ variant: few cases, limited
spread
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Govt planning to introduce a modified version of the Financial Resolution and Deposit
Insurance (FRDI) Bill — which was withdrawn in 2018 due to its controversial provision of bail-in
that was perceived as undermining safety of depositors — is being contemplated. Just like Farm
laws, this was also repealed. So little benefit in doing advance PhD let it get finalised. एक ज़माने में सरकार ये
क़ानून लाना चाहती थी लेकिन जनता के विरोध के बाद वापस ले लिया था अब क्योंकि कु छ दिन पहले ही किसान क़ानून वापस ले लिया तो फ़ालतू में हम
एडवांस में PHD करने नई बैठेंगे क्योंकि वो अपना ही वक़्त ख़राब हो रहे ऐसी चीज़ों पर जो असल में सरकार लागू नहीं कर रही.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ How amendment makes Assam cattle Act even more stringent - हर राज्य की गोहत्या विरोधी
क़ानून / लव-जिहाद क़ानून पर PHD करने की ज़रूरत नहीं जब तक कि सुप्रीम कोर्ट इस पर कोई बड़ा फ़ै सला सुनाय।
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ ISRO targets Gaganyaan launch before August 15 and mission Chandrayaan-3 by
“middle of the next year”,
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Sugar export subsidies: Govt appeals against WTO panel ruling’- already explained on
Dec-15 video. ये हम पहले ही पढ़ चुके हे
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Current account posts deficit, at 1.3% of GDP. Let Economic Survey 2022 come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ New chapter in judge vs Army in Pak.
- EcoPill1C: Sharemarket- Saa₹thi app: Sebi’s app for investor awareness. (निवेशकों में जागृति के लिए सेबी का
नया एप)
- EcoPill1D: Insurance: Obligatory cession: If a general insurance company in India has assured a
sum of 100 rupees in an insurance policy (e.g. car accident), then compulsorily it has to pay “X%” to
General insurance Corporation (GIC, a statutory corporation). 2022: IRDAI reduced it from
Previously 5% to 4%. Reasons? To reduce the financial burden of the general insurance companies
in the aftermath of Corona. We will not apply to much brain in this for two reasons UPSC MCQ from
the insurance sector A) either simple govt schemes B) random crazy Q like cyber-insurance. (अनिवार्य
अधिवेशन: सामान्य बीमा कं पनियों ने ग्राहकों को जो बेईमानी की पॉलिसी बेची है उसमें जितनी रक़म की गारंटी दी गई है कि उसका कु छ प्रतिशत अनिवार्य रूप से
बीमा कं पनी ने सामान्य बीमा निगम को देना होता था। पहले ये रक़म 5% थी, उसे कम करके 4% किया है ताकि सामान्य बीमा कं पनियों पर इसका बोझ कम
हो)
- environment: Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Apda Prabandhan Puruskar- on January 23 Bose’s
125th birth anniversary. This award was introduced in 2018 to recognize people’s contribution in
disaster
- Geography- risk management.
places in news: Indonesia has announced that its new capital will be called
Nusantara, meaning "archipelago" in Javanese. It is in Borneo jungle Kalimantan. Reasons? Present
capital Jakarta suffers from chronic congestion, floods and air pollution, (इंडोनेशिया की राजधानी जकार्ता में आबादी
की भीड़ बहुत ज़्यादा बढ़ गई है, बाढ़ और वायु प्रदूषण की समस्या है इसलिए नयी राजधानी को बोर्नियो की कालीमाता जंगल के नुसन-तारा इलाक़े में बनाया
जाएगा)
- Geography / disasters places in news- undersea Volcano eruption at the Pacific nation of Tonga. It
sent.a tsunami shockwave towards Hawaii (USA) (समंदर के अंदर फटा ज्वालामुखी)
- geography – places in news: Tahiti is Islands in French Polynesia, in the Pacific Ocean. In news
because RARE CORAL REEF FOUND
- history culture: Guru Ravidas was a mystic poet saint of the Bhakti Movement from the 15th and
16th centuries, and founded the Ravidassia religion. Birthplace of Guru Ravidas at Seer
Goverdhanpur village near Banaras Hindu University.
- History/Culture: Savitribai Phule (1831-1897)- pioneer of women education, hailed from
Maharashtra. Her birth anniversary is celebrated on ninth January. Fatima Sheikh was her fellow
Pioneer- who was the first muslim female teacher from Pune.
- IR/Defense: Every year, 15 January is commemorated as “Army Day” to remember the occasion
when General (later Field Marshal) KM Cariappa took over the command of the Indian Army from
General Sir FRR Bucher, the last British Commander-in-Chief in 1949. and Gen. KM Cariappa
became the first Indian Commander-in-Chief of Independent India. 15 जनवरी को आर्मी दिवस के रूप में मनाया जाता
है क्योंकि इसी दिन भारतीय जनरल करीयप्पा ने अंग्रेजों से भारतीय आर्मी की कमान अपने हाथ में ली थी
- IR/Defense: terrorism: 2022- India became the chairman of Global Counter Terrorism Council of
UN. It organised International Counter Terrorism Conference. India's stand: we need to grow
beyond pre 9/11 era of labeling terrorists” as “my terrorists” and “your terrorists”. 2) Just like
Christianophobia, Islamophobia and anti-semitism (hatred against the Jews), now there is a rise of
“religiophobia”, especially against Hindus, Buddhists and Sikhs. 3) we should not be swayed by
labels like right-wing terrorism left-wing terrorism because these are local and regional narratives.
extrapolation of such national or regional narratives into a global narrative is misleading and
erroneous” - because then US/Russia-China will try to condone/downplay the terrorists labelled by
their ideology. (भारत ने संयुक्त राष्ट्र ने कहा कि जिस प्रकार से ईसाई मुस्लिम और यहूदीयो के ख़िलाफ़ घृणा और भेदभाव हो रहा है ऐसा ही अब हिंदू
सिख और बौद्ध धर्म के लोगों के साथ हो रहा है उसका भी संज्ञान लेना ज़रूरी। आतंकवाद को वामपंथी और दक्षिणपंथी इस प्रकार से चिन्हित करने में स्थानीय
राजनीति के कथानक आते हैं तो वैश्विक स्तर पर वो सारी चीज़ों को वामपंथियों-दक्षिणपंथी के रूप में देखा जाए तो समस्याएं होंगी- क्योंकि फिर अमरीका रशिया
और चाइना उन आतंकवादियों को अपनी स्वयं की राजनीतिक विचारधारा के हिसाब से देखेंगे. आतंकवाद को सिर्फ़ आतंकवाद के रूप में देखना चाहिए। )
- IR/Defense: The Army has several uniforms 1) olive greens,for peace area postings 2) ceremonial
uniforms. 3) combat uniform previous design made in 2008. Latest design in 2022. Designed by
National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT) 😍 the new, unique camouflage pattern retains the
combination of the same colours — olive green and earthen shades — the pattern is digital now. 😍
usable from deserts to high-altitude areas, jungles and plains. 😍 new fabric makes it lighter,
sturdier, more breathable, and more suitable. 😍 cotton-to-polyester ratio is 70:30, making it quicker
to dry, more comfortable to wear in humid and hot conditions, and lightweight. 😍 The new uniform
adds a combat T-shirt underneath and a shirt over it. Also, unlike the previous uniform, the shirt will
not be tucked in. 😍 So, shirt will now act as ‘jacket’. 😍 The uniforms will be barcoded and QR-
coded to maintain their uniqueness, and will be available only through the ordnance chain or military
canteens. भारतीय सेना को मिला नया युद्ध गणवेश

- IR/Defense: 1972: PM Indira Gandhi inaugurated Amar Jawan Jyoti @India GATE to pay tribute to
soldiers who died in the 1971 war between India and Pakistan. 2019: PM Modi inaugurated National
War Memorial, around 400 metres away from India GATE. National War Memorial has names of over
26,000 Indian soldiers who died in the wars and conflicts of independent India. Since then PM, along
with the military leaders, lays a wreath at the National War Memorial before the Republic Day
parade. 2022: Amar Jawan Jyoti at India Gate will be extinguished/merged. Now, only one flame at
National War Memorial. (इंडिया गेट पर जो अमर जवान ज्योति है उसे विलीन कर, अब के वल एक ज्योति रहेगी ‘नेशनल वार मेमोरियल’ पर।)
- IR/Defense: drone dangers: Yemen’s Houthi Rebels (supported by Iran) had drone-attacked Saudi
oil company in the past. 2022: They drone-attacked UAE-Abu Dhabi National Oil Comany’s fuel
depot. Response? 1) UN condemned 2) Saudi-led airstrikes on Yemen’s capital, Sanaa, 3) Israel
offered security and intelligence support to the UAE to “defeat our common enemies”. Download HD
Quality MAPS from https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1UAtaw_jbwVVR7lxHxYvboxodCBIan6fe?
usp=sharing (https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1UAtaw_jbwVVR7lxHxYvboxodCBIan6fe?
usp=sharing) (यमन के “हाउथी” उग्रवादी, जिन्हें ईरान मदद करता है वे ड्रोन की मदद से सऊदी अरब और UAE के कच्चे तेल के भंडारों पर हमला
कर रहे हैं जिसके जवाब स्वरूप सऊदी अरब ने भी यमन पर हवाई आक्रमण शुरू किया है और इज़राइल ने भी भरोसा दिलाया है कि हम लोग UAE को सुरक्षा
और खुफिया जानकारी से मदद देंगे ताकि हमारे दुश्मन को हरा सकें ।)
- IR/Defense: India-Nepal: The Lipulekh pass is a far Western point near Kalapani. Kalapani is a
border area qbetween Nepal and India. Both India and Nepal claim Kalapani as an integral part of
their territory — India as part of Uttarakhand’s Pithoragarh district and Nepal as part of Dharchula
district. 2) PM Modi’s announcement to expand the road across the Lipulekh area, which Nepal
claims as its own. Therefore, Nepal has told India to stop unilateral construction of roads. But Indian
Embassy said India’s position on its boundary with Nepal is well known, consistent and
unambiguous. (नेपाल सरकार उत्तराखंड में स्थित लिपुलेख और कालापानी इलाक़े को अपना बता रही है और भारत सरकार को चेतावनी दे रही है कि
यहाँ पर सड़क निर्माण मत कीजिए)
- PIN/Death: Pandit Birju Maharaj 1938-2022. Born Brij Mohan Nath Mishra, Lucknow. Kathak
Dancer. 1964 - Sangeet Natak Akademi Award. 1986 - Padma Vibhushan also contributed to Hindi
film choreographies in Shatranj ke Khiladi, for Madhuri Dixit in Dil Toh Paagal Hai and Devdas,
Deepika Padukone in Bajirao Mastani, Kamal Haasan in Vishwaroopam
- Polity: 6-Rights issue: notable judgements chronology: 2018- IPC Section 377 (homosexuality) de-
criminalised; 2018: adultery decriminalised; 2018 Sabarimala temple entry verdict that religious or
social practices that are gender-discriminatory are unconstitutional. (आपसी सहमति से बनाए गए समलैंगिक रिश्ते
आपराधिक नहि, व्यभिचार /विवाहेतर रिश्ते आपराधिक मामले नहीं- इस प्रकार के फ़ै सले 2018 में सुप्रीम कोर्ट सुना चुकी है )

- Polity: Election- 🤔 Can ECI ban rallies? Yes. Within its constitutional/statutory power under
Representation of the People Act, 1951. (e.g. in Pandemic) 🤔 Can ECI postpone election? 1)
constitutional mandate that gives every Vidhan Sabha a fixed term of 5 years. As soon as the term is
over, the House stands dissolved automatically.” “The term of the House cannot be extended except
in an emergency declared by Parliament- Possible in only two situations — war and breakdown of
law and order. This has happened only three times — in Assam, Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir —
in insurgency situations.” 2) election commission can postpone the election date within that five-
year term limit. but such extension should not go beyond the date of the normal dissolution of the
Lok Sabha or the Assembly e.g. i) 1991-lok Sabha elections were postponed for three weeks after
the assassination of PM Rajiv-Gandhi. ii) During Corona-2020 RS & LS Bye-elections were
postponed. 3) IF Vidhan Sabha elections are to be conducted in multiple states then the ECI clubs all
elections that are close to each other to ensure that the results in one state do not influence voters
in the state going to the polls soon after. 4) Election Commission postponed the date of the Punjab
Assembly polls from February 14 to February 20. Because, SCHEDULED CASTES account for 32% of
Punjab’s population. Many of them travel to Varanasi for the Guru Ravidas Jayanti on February 16.
So Punjab-SC-voters could not vote in the Punjab election so political parties were demanding for
postponing election. (सामान्य रूप से लोकसभा और विधानसभा का कार्यकाल पाँच वर्षों का होता है. के वल सांसद ही इसे बढ़ा सकती है अगर युद्ध
हो जाए या क़ानून व्यवस्था टू ट जाए. आज़ादी के बाद राज्यों की विधानसभाओं का कार्यकाल पाँच साल से ज़्यादा बढ़ाया गया हूँ संसद द्वारा ऐसा तीन बार हुआ
है असम पंजाब और जम्मू कश्मीर जब वहाँ पर उग्रवाद की समस्या थी. चुनाव आयोग ने पुरानी सभा का कार्यकाल ख़त्म होने से पहले चुनाव ख़त्म कर देनी
चाहिए. इस अवधि के भीतर, चुनाव आयोग चुनाव की तारीख़ों में थोड़ी देरी कर सकता है-जैसा कि राजीव गांधी की हत्या के बाद लोकसभा चुनाव को तीन हफ़्ते
के लिए टाला गया था। कोरोना महामारी में कु छ उप चुनावों को टाला गया था। अभी पंजाब विधानसभा चुनाव को भी क़रीब एक हफ़्ते के लिए टाला गया है ताकि
दलित समुदाय के लोग गुरू रविदास जयंती के दौरान पंजाब से वाराणसी यात्रा पर जाने वाले है।)
- Science- Communication: Altimeter is a device to gauge the altitude and the distance covered by
an aircraft, spacecraft or missile. Altimeters are of three main kinds: baro- metric, laser, and
radio/radar altimeters. 😥 radio/radar altimeter operates in the 4.2-4.4 GHz frequency microwave C-
band. Controversy? America's telecom companies are launching 5G services and aviation companies
are afraid that it will interfere with the altimeter frequency this is resulting in cancellation of flights
for safety. (एक हवाई जहाज़ कितनी ऊँ चाई पर स्थित है वो नापने के लिए अल्टीमीटर नाम के उपकरण का इस्तेमाल होता है। हालाँकि वो जिस
फ़्रीक्वें सी/आवर्तन पर काम करता है उसी पर 5G टेक्नोलॉजी के साथ कु छ विक्षेप दिक्कतें आ सकती है इसलिए सुरक्षा कारणों से अमेरिका में अलग अलग हवाई
यात्रा रद्द की जा रही है।) Communication: ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ 2004: Devas Company had leased two
- EcoPil5-INFRA:
communication satellites (GSAT) from ISRO’s Company Antrix. But after the 2G spectrum scam the
deal was cancelled and then foreign investors made some complain in foreign trade unions and then
long winded commentary going on about role of UPA/Congress vs BJP. If you are going to appear in
the interview in the next 15 days then it is important otherwise not greatly little important- as far as
Prelims/Mains is concerned. (सीवाय के आपका इंटरव्यू अगले 15 दिन में हो ये कांग्रेस के ज़माने का कांड मुझे कु छ ज़्यादा उपयोगी लगता
नहीं।)
- EcoPil5-INFRA: Transport- 1) From 2019- Driver airbag was made compulsory 2) 2022: frontseat
passenger airbag made compulsory. 3) now the government wants mandatory Minimum 6 airbags in
cars. 😥 Each air bag cost Rs 5,000 to Rs 10,000- likely to increase the cost/price of the vehicles.
(गाड़ियों की कम से कम छह सीटों में यात्रियों की सुरक्षा के लिए एयरबैग लगाना होगा अनिवार्य. हालाँकि इसे गाड़ी का उत्पादन का लागत ख़र्च और ग्राहकों के
लिए क़ीमतें बढ़ सकती है.)
- EcoPill3A-BoP/Intl-Trade: PHILIPPINES Govt to acquire $375 mn antiship missile system from
India. This will be exported by Brahmos Aerospace ltd. 😍 So, now Atma-Nirbha India is becoming
a ‘weapon exporter’. (फ़िलिपीन सरकार भारत से हथियार ख़रीदने वाली है- यानी कि भारत के वल हथियारों के आयात नहीं कर रहा, धीरे धीरे अब
हम निर्यात भी कर रहे हैं)
- EcoPill3B-Intl-Orgs: interim (early harvest) trade agreement. They are used to open up bilateral
trade between two countries on a small list of goods and services. They act as a frontrunner before
signing a more comprehensive free trade agreement (FTA). 2022: India and UK exploring to sign an
early harvest trade agreement covering 65% goods and 40% services. In the final free trade
agreement (FTA) agreement, we aim to cover 90% goods/services’ import export. भारत और ब्रिटेन के बीच
एक बड़ा बृहत मुक्त व्यापार समझौता करने में भी काफ़ी मंत्रणा वार्तालाप होगा. इस बीच एक “अंतरिम व्यापार समझौता” शुरू करने की कोशिश हो रही है- जो की
आयात निर्यात होने वाले क़रीब 40-65% वस्तुओं और सेवाओं के नाम पर लागू होगा।
- EcoPill3B-Intl-Orgs: World Economic Forum's online Davos Agenda 2022 summit, PM Modi’s
Virtual Address: 😍 “Today, India has the third largest number of unicorns in the world. More than
10,000 start-ups have been registered in the last six years. 😍 India is promoting Ease of Doing
Business, minimising government intervention 🤔 need for global cooperation on climate change,
crypto currency 😍India’s vision of 'One Earth, One Health' donating vaccines to many countries.
Today, India is the world's third largest pharma producer, pharmacy to the world. निबंध में लिखने के लिए
चिकनी चुपड़ी बातें
- EcoPill6: HRD: population: China’s birth rate 2021 rate of 7.52 births per 1,000 people was the
lowest since 1949. The natural growth rate of China’s population was only 0.034% for 2021, the
lowest since 1960. (Its implications, we have already studied in the past) चीन के जन्म दर में भारी गिरावट
- EcoPil4B-Mfg: MINISTRY of Electronics and Information Technology (MEITY) → Centre for
Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) → design linked incentive (DLI) scheme. 😍
Government will give fiscal support and design infrastructure support to local companies, startup,
MSME for next five years-😍 for semi-conductor chips Integrated Circuits (ICs), Chipsets, System on
Chips (SoCs), Systems & IP Cores etc. So we can ⏬reliance on Taiwan for Chips. 😍4-6%
subsidy/incentive on sales of India-made chips, (रचना आधारित प्रोत्साहन योजना जिसमें इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स साधन सामग्री बनाने के
लिए भारतीय उद्योगों को इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स मंत्रालय मदद करेगा)
- EcoPill6: HRD: Poverty- Oxfam report, “Inequality Kills’’-😥 INCOME of 84 per cent of households
in the country declined in 2021, 😥 but at the same time the number of Indian billionaires grew from
102 to 142, 😍 India has the third highest number of billionaires in the world, just behind China and
the US. भारत में असमानता बढ़ रही है - विदेशी रिपोर्ट बोल रहे हैं। हालाँकि ये संस्थाएं तो लगता है साल में 10 बार ये ऐसे ही रिपोर्ट बताती रहती है
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ EcoPill1d: insurance- LIC distributes its profit in 95:5 ratio. 95% goes to Insurance
policy holders and 5% to govt as dividend. However for the last two years Lic has not paid dividend
to the government. Perhaps planning to use it along with the IPO proceeds for expanding the
business activities.
- environment – pollution: environment ministry has launched a ranking system for the State
Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). State which clears projects in the shortest
period of time, has a high rate of clearance, and seeks fewer “essential details” will be ranked the
highest. Criticism? 😥 it will undermine the proper scrutiny and public hearings for environment
impact assessment, because state authorities, whose mandate is to ensure protection of the
environment, will now “compete’’ to clear projects swiftly, to increase state rankings. 😥 10,000
children had lost both their parents. Many of them still awaiting compensation and there is a concern
that if the money is paid to some relative he may not even treat child property. 🤔 Those who do not
get the benefit are likely to be the uneducated or poor. “So extra effort is needed to reach them,
and the effort should not be on paper. (कें द्र के पर्यावरण मंत्रालय ने ये बताया है कि जिन राज्यों में पर्यावरण प्रभाव आकलन प्राधिकरण
बहू तेज़ी से बिना नोक क्योंकि ये कं पनियों को ये हाईवे फ़ै क्ट्री लगाने के लिए पेड़ काटने के लिए अनुमति दे देगा उसे हम रैंकिं ग में अच्छा स्थान देंगे! पर्यावरण
प्रेमी इससे नाराज़ है, कि जल्दबाज़ी में अनुमति दी जाएगी और पर्यावरण का ख्याल नहीं रखा जाएगा।)
- Ethics: Parenting: Pope Francis criticised younger generation- “Today... we see a form of
selfishness. We see that some people do not want to have a child. Sometimes they have one, and
that’s it, but they have dogs and cats that take the place of children.” Arguments for producing
children 1) S.Korea-Japan, parts of Europe suffering from shortage of workers. 2) even China
dropped its 1-child policy. 2) excess reliance on migrant workers → new political issues.✋ Counter
argument by younger generation columnists: 1) increases the financial burden 2) affects the career
progress of the mother. 3) World is not a safe and happy place to live for children anymore
considering the climate change to Corona pandemic to financial hardships to violence. (पोप फ्रांसिस ने कहा
है कि आज कल नौजवान पीढ़ी काफ़ी स्वार्थी हो गई है वे बच्चे पैदा करने और उनकी देखभाल करने की ज़िम्मेदारियों से बच रहे हैं और उसकी जगह कु त्ते बिल्लियां
पाल रही है। जापान दक्षिण कोरिया इत्यादि देशों में एक बूढ़ी हो रही आबादी को देखते हुए शायद ये सही भी लगता है कि ज़्यादा बच्चे पैदा ज़रा ज़रूरी है ताकि देश
का अर्थतंत्र चौपट नहीं हो जाए. चीन की सरकार भी युगलों को प्रोत्साहन दे रही है कि 1- अधिक बच्चे पैदा करो! हालाँकि कु छ नौजवान ने इसका विरोध कर रहे
हैं कि बच्चों का पालन पोषण पढ़ाई लिखाई काफ़ी महँगी हो गई है, माता की नौकरी और करियर पर असर होती है, और वैसे भी दुनिया मैं जिस तरह से महामारी
प्रदुषण और नफ़रत फै ली हुई है- ऐसी साफ़ और सुरक्षित जगह नहीं की और बच्चे पैदा किए जा सके . )
- Ethics- public organisation dilemma/ scheme awareness: SC pulls up states over low Covid-19 ex-
gratia numbers. 2021: supreme Court had ordered the state government to pay Rs.50,000
compensation from State Disaster Relief Fund, to kin of every person who died of corona. 😥 Bihar
government is claiming only 12,000 people died because of corona Supreme Court is not believing
this. 😥 Gujarat government rejected many claims, without giving any reasons. (कोरोना में मरी हुई व्यक्तियों के
परिजनों को 50-हज़ार रुपये देने का सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने जो आदेश दिया है लेकिन राज्य सरकार उसका चुस्ती से अमल नहीं कर रहे हैं। बिहार राज्य सरकार का
कहना है कि मुश्किल 12, हज़ार लोग मरे हैं! सुप्रीम कोर्ट को यह आंकड़ा गले नहीं उतर रहा है। गुजरात सरकार ने बिना कारण बताए बहुत सारे लोगों की
अर्जियों को रद्द कर दिया है. कई ग़रीब लोग तो इस योजना से वाक़िफ़/जागृत ही नहीं है.)
- Ethics- Sports Ethics- “Pride Comes before Fall” : 1) DJOKOVIC DEPORTED from Australia for not
having Corona vaccine he will not be able to participate in the Australian Open tennis tournament.
सबसे पहले आदमी में घमंड आता है और उसके बाद उसका पतन आता है.” 1) मैं कोरोना का टीका नहीं लगवाऊं गा फिर भी मेरेको ओस्ट्रेलियन ओपन टेनिस
मैच खेलने दो, चाहे बाक़ी खिलाड़ी और प्रेक्षकों की जान जोखिम में क्यों ना आ जाए!” - एसी हेकड़ी जोकोविच को पड़ी भारी. वीज़ा हुआ रद्द, ग़ज़ब बेज्जती के
साथ होना पड़ा ऑस्ट्रेलिया से हुआ बेदख़ल। )
- Ethics: cultural capital: it is the communication skills, accent, books or academic accomplishments
that Children inherit from their family. Cultural capital ensures that a child is trained unconsciously
by the familial environment to take up higher education or high posts commensurate with their
family’s standing. This works to the disadvantage of individuals who are first-generation learners,
because their parents could not provide them with such cultural capital or social networking.
Therefore, While examinations are a necessary and convenient method of distributing educational
opportunities, marks may not always be the best gauge of individual merit. Therefore reservation
and welfare schemes are necessary. (सांस्कृ तिक पूंजी: बच्चे को अपने परिवार से जो संचार कौशल , उच्चारण / बोलने का लहेजा, किताबें,
संस्कार इत्यादि मिलते है- जिसकी वजह से वो तरक़्क़ी हासिल करता है। ऐसे परिवार जहाँ पर सिर्फ़ पहली पीढ़ी पढ़ाई कर रही है, और उसके पहले की पीढ़ी के
पास ऐसी सांस्कृ तिक पूंजी न हों- तो वे बच्चे ज़िंदगी में आगे बढ़ने में बाधाएँ महसूस करते हैं। उन्हें के वल की मुफ़्त में किताबें/कोचिंग देने से ये सारी समस्याएँ हल
नहीं होती इसलिए आरक्षण ज़रूरी)
- Ethics: Juvenile / Value Education: complaint filed against Zee Tamil for a children comedy reality
TV show. It made critical remarks against the prime minister about demonetisation, his (PM)
diplomatic travel to various countries, PM’s attire and disinvestment. Complaint has been made
against the show because 10 years old children do not have the comprehension power to
understand the depth of those policies, and unnecessarily it will colour their judgement against
Prime Minister's policies. (10 साल के बच्चों के एक टीवी कार्यक्रम में प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी की नोटबंदी-विमुद्रीकरण, सरकारी कं पनियों में
विनिवेश-निजीकरण और विदेश नीति विदेश यात्राओं के बारे में मज़ाक उड़ाया गया। जिसके ख़िलाफ़ सूचना प्रसारण मंत्रालय में शिकायत दर्ज हुई है, क्योंकि १०
साल के बच्चों में इतनी समझ नहीं होती कि उन सब नीतियों के सही ग़लत पहलुओं को समझ सके । उनके मासूम दिमाग़ पर ग़लत असर होती है, और बिना सही
समझ कि वे किसी व्यक्ति के ख़िलाफ़ कम उम्र से ही निंदा/घृणा शुरू करें। )
- Ethics: Juvenile/Value education/Online Gaming addiction/ corporate ethics: three largest gaming
companies of the world: 1) Tencent (PUBG) 2) Sony (PlayStation) 3) Microsoft (Xbox). Microsoft has
acquired gaming company Activision Blizzard for $68.7 billion- largest acquisition in the gaming
history. (which is higher than the GDP of Congo Cameroon Uganda Tunisia Sudan etc.) Microsoft
paid this large amount of money because they are confident of earning a lot of profit out of it. When
such a high investments are made, it is difficult to imagine gaming companies will have the best
interest of the children / de-addiction in mind. (माइक्रोसॉफ्ट ने एक्टिविज्म नाम की एक वीडियो गेम कं पनी को 68 बिलियन डॉलर
में ख़रीद लिया है जोकि वीडियो गेम इतिहास में सबसे बड़ी रक़म है। ये रक़म अफ़्रीका के कई देशों के GDP से भी बड़ी है। अब माइक्रोसॉफ्ट कं पनी के बच्चों को
वीडियो गेम की लत नहि लगे इस दिशा में सच्चे दिल से कोशिश करें ये मानना मुश्किल है, क्योंकि उसे ख़ुद अपना 68 बिलियन डॉलर का निवेश मुनाफ़े के साथ
वसूलना है।)
- Ethics Compassion For The Weaker Section: US economy “has never worked fairly for Black
Americans — or, really, for any American of colour”, US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen while
speaking on racial equality on Martin Luther King Day. (गरीबों के प्रति अनुकं पा: अमरीकी अर्थतंत्र ने कभी भी अश्वेतों की मदद
के लिए निष्पक्ष रूप से काम नहीं किया। ऐसा अमेरिकी वित-सचिव/मंत्री जैनेट येलन का कहना है।)
- Geography- places in news: Nepal’s south-eastern Province No. 2 has been renamed Madhes
Pradesh with Janakpur as capital
- GPSC: NABARD says Foodgrain productivity of Gujarat lower than national average. Compared to
the productivity of foodgrain in Punjab (4419 kilogram/hectare), Haryana (3891 kg/hectare) or
agriculture intensive states of Andhra Pradesh (3038 kg/hectare) and Tamil Nadu (2988 kg/
hectare), the productivity in Gujarat is 2236 kg/hectare which is less than the all India food grain
productivity of 2325 kg/hectare. Suggestions made: Gujarat shd "tie-up for mutual cooperation" with
states having higher crop yield. 2) agricultural universities in state to share scientific knowledge and
innovative technologies to boost productivity. 3) financing to small and marginal farmers from
institutional sources to prevent exploitation by money lenders 4) practise of sharecropping or
"Bhag-kheti" in Gujarat where migrant agricultural workers till land held by landlords. If the crop
fails, the sharecropper/tenant doesn’t get crop insurance benefit. 5) timely availability of quality
seeds, fertiliser and other inputs. (गुजरात में प्रति एक्टर फसलों की पैदावार राष्ट्रीय औसत से बहुत कम है इस पर नाबार्ड ने अलग अलग
सुझाव दिए हैं)
- GPSC: Gujarat has three Ramsar Sites – Nalsarovar, Thol and Wadhwana
- GPSC: State level flag hoisting ceremony on 26th Jan Republic Day will be held in Gir Somnath
district.
- History/Culture- Samrat Ashoka: Mauryan king who ruled between 268 BCE and 232 BCE. In
2015, the Bihar BJP marked his 2320th birth anniversary, and the Union Govt issued a postal stamp
on him. 2021- various political parties are trying to claim him as OBC leader। (उत्तर प्रदेश चुनाव से पहले सम्राट
अशोक एक OBC समुदाय का राजा था ऐसा ऐतिहासिक विवरण लाने की कोशिश हो रही है)
- IR/Defense: Pakistan: General “Bajwa doctrine” - Bajwa doctrine 2.0 was articulated in 2021:
Pakistan's geo-economic vision that was centred around four core pillars: 1) a lasting and enduring
peace within and outside; 2) non-interference of any kind in the internal affairs of neighbouring and
regional countries; 3) boosting intra-regional trade and connectivity; 4) bringing sustainable
development and prosperity via investment and economic hubs. (पाकिस्तान के जनरल बाजवा की विदेश नीति के बारे में
सोच के चार स्तंभ: पाकिस्तान के भीतर और बाहर शांति स्थापित हो पड़ोसी देशों के आंतरिक मामलों में दख़ल न दी जाए व्यापार परिवहन को प्रोत्साहन मिलेगा
और बुनियादी अवसंरचना में निवेश)
- IR/Defense: cyber security: Western countries have advised their Athletes to use burner phone /
secondary phone in China, while attending the Winter Olympics in 2022- to avert security risks and
combat any surveillance during the Games. (पश्चिमी देशों ने अपनी खिलाड़ियों को कहा है कि चीन में शीत ओलंपिक में जा रहे हो तो
बर्नर फ़ोन का इस्तेमाल करो यानी इस्तेमाल करके भी एक देना है वापस नहीं लाना है। क्योंकि चीन हेकर उसके द्वारा जासूसी/ निजता का हनन करेंगे)
- IR/Defense: India-Japan: 🙏6 AD: Buddhism was brought to Japan. 🙏 752 AD: an Indian monk,
Bodhisena, performed the consecration ceremony for the Great Buddha Statue at Todai-ji, in
Japan. 😍 19th century: Meiji Restoration- Japan needed natural resources to modernise its industry.
Many Japanese travelled to India to purchase cotton, iron ore, etc. 😍 Friendship between the Nobel
Laureate in literature, Rabindranath Tagore and Okakura Tenshin, a Japanese philosopher. 😍 1952-
Indian started formal bilateral relationship with Japan. YEAR 2022 marks the 70th anniversary of the
establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and India. THEME: “building a future for our
centenary.” Areas of cooperation: 😍“Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP)- cooperate to contribute to
global peace and prosperity. 😍 We share political, economic and strategic interests based on the
firm foundations of common values and traditions. 😍 security issues including cyber security, outer
space security and economic security. 😍 Japan has been the largest ODA (Official Development
Assistance) donor to India e.g. Mumbai-Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail project. 😍 cultural exchanges
including literature, movies, music, sports and academics are essential for our relations - because
young & ignited minds of our countries will be the foundation of an even stronger friendship in the
future. (भारत और जापान की धार्मिक और आर्थिक रिश्ते प्राचीन काल से हैं और 2022 में अपने कू टनीतिक रिश्तों की ७०वीं सालगिरह मनाई जा रही है।
भारत और जापान आपस में शांति सुरक्षा आर्थिक विकास बुलेट ट्रेन सांस्कृ तिक मेलजोल के ये लिए विविध कार्य कर रहे हैं। जिसके सब चिकने चुपड़े बोल-बच्च्न
मुद्दे अंग्रेज़ी में लिखे हैं मुख्य परीक्षा में बोल बच्चन करने के लिए।)
- IR/Defense: Pakistan in 2022: while many Indians believe that Pakistan can never change. But t
the only constant in the world is change. 1980-90s: India also faced many problems- balance of
payment crisis, fall of USSR (and lack of deep friendship with the American and european powers),
coalition governments with lack of political stability, deep social conflicts involving caste (mandal)
and religion (kamandal / Babri Masjid); political /violent uprisings Kashmir to Tamil Nadu (LTTE) and
Punjab to the Northeast. But over the years, India has reshaped its economic and political vision. 🤔
India is not the only country in the Subcontinent that transformed itself. The economic
transformation of Bangladesh has been equally impressive. 2026-Bangladesh will exit the least
developed countries status 😍GDP-2021 Wise: India $3.1 trillion is more than 10 times larger than
that of Pakistan (Pak0GDP at $280 billion). Bangladesh ($350 billion). 😥 But 1980s-90 Pakistan
chose a different path. After the end of Russia Taliban conflict in Afghanistan in the late 1980s,
Pakistan wanted to steal Kashmir from India turn Pakistan wanted to make Afghanistan into a
protectorate. 🤔 but neither of the ambition materialised, and at present Pakistan’s foreign relations
are we coming with the America, European, Saudi-UAE powers. Pakistan itself has become a
protectorate State of China via China Pakistan economic corridor and its debt trap. Pakistan’s
support for violent religious extremism has also begun to backfire - those militants are firing
machine guns against Pakistan police. 😍 Unlike in the past, USA is no longer pressuring India to
accommodate Pakistan on Kashmir. The USA is eager for India’s support in balancing China in the
Indo-Pacific. 🤔 2022: in this backdrop, Pakistan's new national security policy focuses on economic
development and better relations with neighbours (एक ज़माने में भारत भी कई आर्थिक और सामरिक चुनौतियों से जूझ रहा था
लेकिन फिर वो एक शक्तिशाली देश बनना। बांग्लादेश भी कु छ ऐसे ही राह पर चल रहा है। आज पाकिस्तान भी कई आर्थिक और सामरिक चुनौतियों से जूझ रहा है
वो सोचता था भारत से कश्मीर हड़प लेगा और अफ़ग़ानिस्तान को अपना रक्षित-राज्य बना देगा। लेकिन पाकिस्तान ख़ुद ही असल में चीन का
‘ऋण-ग़ुलाम’/रक्षित-राज्य बन चुका है। अमेरिका यूरोप और मध्यपूर्व के साथ पाकिस्तान के रिश्ते कमज़ोर हो रहे हैं। इसीलिए अब पाकिस्तान अपनी नई राष्ट्रीय
सुरक्षा नीति में बदलाव ला रहा है कि आर्थिक विकास और पड़ोसी देशों के साथ मित्रता को बढ़ाएंगे। जिसके सब चिकने चुपड़े बोल-बच्च्न मुद्दे अंग्रेज़ी में लिखे हैं
मुख्य परीक्षा में बोल बच्चन करने के लिए। )
- IR/Defense: PAKISTAN HAS decided to offer a permanent residency scheme for wealthy foreign
nationals- Afghans and Chinese, including Sikhs living in the US and Canada, to attract investment
and boost its flagging economy and nation. (पाकिस्तान अपनी गिरी हुई अर्थव्यवस्था को वापस खड़ा करने के लिए विदेशियों को बोल
रहा है हमारे देश में आओ, हम आपको कायमी नागरिकता देंगे। कनाडा और अमरीका में स्थित सिख लोगों को भी ये निमंत्रण दिया गया है।)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ IR/Defense: Terrorism Texas hostage taker terrorist wanted to meet jailed “Lady al-
Qaeda”/ “Daughter of Pakistan” Aafia Siddiqui,
- Death: Comics writer/artist Narayan Debnath, Calcutta. Famous for Comics charaters Bantul the
Great , Handa-Bhonda (Stupid and Stupider), Nonte-Fonte.
- PIN-Sports: Badminton- Lakshya Sen defeated Singapore’s Loh Kean Yew, at the India Open
Super 500 final.
- PIN/Death: Botany Prof M K Prasad- Kerala environment activist associated with Kerala Sasthra
Sahithya Parishad (KSSP)- an ecological organisation.
- PIN/Appointment: EU Parliament president Roberta Metsola from Malta. She is the European
Parliament’s youngest president.
- PIN/Death: Maria Aurora Couto (22 August 1937 – 14 January 2022) was an Indian writer and
educator from Goa. She was best known for her book Goa: A Daughter's Story. a recipient of the
Padma Shri, India's fourth highest Indian civilian award, in 2010.
- Polity-Rights issues: 6-Corona: vaccine compulsion- 1) AUSTRIA fine upto € 3,600. 2) FRANCE:
Parliament approved a law on Sunday that will keep unvaccinated people out of bars, restaurants,
sports arenas, etc. 3) ITALY: Vaccination was made mandatory this month for everyone from the
age of 50. Refusal attracts suspension without pay. (यूरोप के अलग अलग देशों में कोरोना टीकाकरण अनिवार्य हो रहा है वरना तो
व्यक्ति पर जुर्माना लगेगा)
- Polity: 6-Rights issues: NEET reservation . Supreme Court petitions were filed against the NEET
reservation of 27% OBC quota and 10% EWS. So, SC ruling: Article 15 (1) says the State shall not
discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of
them. But, Article 15 (4) of the Constitution enables the State to make reservation for SCs and STs.
Article 15 (5) empowers it to make reservation in educational institutions. So, “reservation is not at
odds with merit. Because, widespread inequalities in access to educational facilities deprives many
candidates of giving best performance in the competitive exams. So, a neutral (quota-free) systems
of examination will perpetuate social inequalities. open competitive exam may ensure formal
equality where everyone has an equal opportunity to participate. (नीट परीक्षा में OBC और EWS को दिया गया
आरक्षण संवैधानिक रूप से सही है ऐसा सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा. )
- Polity: Combative federalism: 2021-Dec: Union government proposed changes to the IAS (Cadre)
Rules, 1954. It unilaterally mandates the state government to make officers available for deputation
under Central Govt. W.Bengal opposed to it ke 1) it will affect the functioning of the state
administration with shortage of IAS 2) goes against the idea of cooperative federalism. (कें द्र सरकार IAS
कै डर नियमों में कु छ ऐसे सुधार चाहती है ताकि अनिवार्य रूप से राज्य सरकारों ने आइएएस अफ़सरों को कें द्र सरकार ने प्रति नियुक्तियों के लिए मुहैया कराना
होगा. पश्चिम बंगाल को इसे आपत्ति है, कि हमारे राज्य के प्रशासन के लिए अफसर कम पड़ जाएंगे.)

- Polity: federalism challenges: 😥 Article 280 provided for the constitution of Finance Commission.
But state governments have problems with the tax sharing formula and grants of 15th FC. 😥 Article
263 provided for the establishment of an Inter-State Council for smooth transition of business
between the Union and states and resolution of disputes. But, Inter-State Council has met only once
in the last seven years. 😥 Planning Commission has been scrapped. National Development Council
has not met at all. 😥 Article 370 was removed without consulting the state legislature. 😥
Parliament legislated on “agriculture”, entry no. 14 in the state list, (then the controversy
surrounding the three farm laws and its repeal in 2021). 😥 Discriminatory nature of the NEET
examination / Tamil Nadu students committing suicide. 😥 BSF’s jurisdiction was extended in Assam,
West Bengal and Punjab without any consultation with the concerned states. 😥 Rejection of the
Republic Day tableaux of Kerala, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal by the Centre. (संघवाद में चुनौतियां- वित् आयोग
द्वारा करो का वितरण- राज्य सरकार का आक्षेप हमें कम पैसा मिल रहा है। पिछले सात सालों में के वल एक बार अंतर राज्य परिषद की मुलाक़ात हुई। योजना
आयोग को बंद कर दिया। कृ षि मामलों पर कें द्र सरकार क़ानून बनाती है जबकि वो राज्य सूची में है। नेट परीक्षा के नाम पर ग़ैर CBSE और ग़ैर अंग्रेज़ी माध्यम के
उम्मीदवारों के साथ भेदभाव हो रहा है, तमिलनाडु जैसे राज्य इस परीक्षा को रद्द करवाना चाहते हैं लेकिन कें द्र सरकार ने उन पर निट थोप दिया है। राज्य
सरकारों से परामर्श किए बिना ही BSF का अधिकार क्षेत्र बढ़ाया गया। 20 जनवरी की परेड में बंगाल पंजाब की झंखीयो को रद किया गया।)
- Polity: Legislature - poorly drafted laws: Bihar Prohibition and Excise Act, 2016: 4 lakh arrests so
far, 20,000 pending bail pleas. Bihar’s jails have a capacity of 47,000 but now have about 70,000
due to the liquor law. Patna High Court is chocked with cases. CJI also criticised. So, State
government is planning to amend the liquor prohibition law: FIRST-TIME “drinkers” could get away
with a penalty rather than face arrest; liquor-cargo vehicle may no longer be confiscated. (बिहार में शराब
बंदी के क़ानून के बाद जेल में क़ै दी और अदालत में ज़मानत की के सों की संख्या बोहोत ज़्यादा बढ़ गई थी तो अब राज्य सरकार क़ानूनी कु छ सुधार करने वाली
है ताकि पहली बार पकड़े जाने पर शराबी को जेल नहीं भेजेंगे सिर्फ़ जुर्माना लेकर छोड़ देंगे.)
- Polity: Rights issues- Govt tells SC “No forced jabs, vaccine certificate not a must. no person can
be forced to be vaccinated against their wishes”. It also said that “the Government of India has not
issued any SOPs (Standard Operating Procedures) which make carrying of vaccination certificate
mandatory for any purpose. it is duly advised, advertised and communicated through various print
and social media platforms that all citizens should get vaccinated and systems and processes have
been designed to facilitate the same. However, no person can be forced to be vaccinated against
their wishes.” Counter: 🤔 Some states have issued orders to disincentivise the refusal of
vaccination by citizens. 🤔 Maharashtra had said that only fully vaccinated individuals would be
allowed on local trains 🤔 Kerala government had said the state would not bear the cost of Covid-19
treatment for unvaccinated individuals. “कें द्र सरकार ने सुप्रीम कोर्ट में शपथ पत्र दाख़िल किया है कि भारत में टीकाकरण करवाना किसी
के लिए भी अनिवार्य नहीं है ऐसी कोई चीज़ नहीं जिसमें व्यक्ति का टीकाकरण प्रमाण पत्र अनिवार्य हो. हालाँकि ग़ौर करने वाली बात यह है कि महाराष्ट्र राज्य
सरकार ने तो आदेश जारी किया है कि बिना टीकाकरण प्रमाण पत्र के किसी को लोकल ट्रेन में चढ़ने दिया जाएगा और के रल सरकार ने भी आदेश जारी किया है
जिसमें टीकाकरण नहीं करवाया उसे कोरोना हुआ तो उसके इलाज का ख़र्च राज्य सरकार नहीं उठाएगी”
- Polity-Judiciary: E-Governance: SUPREME COURT Justice DY Chandrachud suggested Artificial
Intelligence (AI) algorithms to better predict outcomes in certain types of cases such as land
acquisition-related cases and motor accident claims. AI algorithms are used for advanced case law
search engines, online dispute resolution, assistance in drafting /typing needs, detection of divergent
or incompatible contractual clauses. 😍 chatbots to inform litigants or support them in their legal
proceedings. 😍 AI technology has been incorporated in the virtual courts in 12 states for traffic
challans. 😥Challenge? possibility that AI-generated outcomes can also become biased if there is a
large data set favouring a particular outcome. So, healthy balance between the use of technology
and human intervention has to be maintained.” 😍 Guj HC launched ‘Justice Clock’ - digital
dashboard to track case tendency 😍 Guj HC launched electronic payment of court fees instead of
physical submission of judicial stamp papers. (अदालतों की कार्रवाई में कृ त्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता का उपयोग हो ख़ासकर ज़मीन संपादन विवादों
में और वाहन दुर्घटना विवादों में।)
- Polity: 6-Rights issue: Marital Rape:Nations where marital rape is a crime: Canada (1983), South
Africa (1993), Australia (1981 onwards). 🤔 IPC Section 375 defines rape but gives crucial
exemption/immunity: “Sexual intercourse by a man with his own wife is not rape” 😥 Marital rape
immunity stands against the light of the right to equality, the right to life with dignity, personhood,
sexual, and personal autonomy — all fundamental rights protected un- der Articles 14, 19 and 21 of
the Constitution. 🤔 In 2013, the J S Verma Committee (setup after 2012’s Delhi Nirbhaya gangrape)
also recommended criminalising marital rape exception. But so far government is ambivalent saying
1) it will damage the institution of marriage and 2) dangers of a complaint to harass the husbands.
(कनाडा, दक्षिण अफ़्रीका, ऑस्ट् रेलिया जैसी कु छ देशों में वैवाहिक बलात्कार भी आपराधिक मामला है जबकि भारत में ऐसा नही ं है उस
पर कु छ और मुद्दे. ऐसे तो दो दिन पहले हमने प्रमुख बातें देखी ली थी.)
- Polity: Combative Federalism- on the 26th January parade- various States/UT/ Union government
ministries and departments showcasee their tableaux. Final participants are selected by the defence
Ministry committee. Controversy- 2022 the Defense ministry rejectedproposals of Kerala and West
Bengal tableaux are rejected, without assigning any reasons to the state government. 26 जनवरी की परेड
में अलग अलग राज्यों की झांकियों/टेबलू दिखाए जाते हैं जिसके लिए रक्षा मंत्रालय की समिति अनुमति दे दी है लेकिन उन्होंने के रल और पश्चिम बंगाल की ऐसी
जातियों को बर्खास्त कर दिया है इसलिए कें द्र और राज्य के बीच झगडालू संघवाद का एक और मामला बन जाता है।
- Polity: Rights issues- Marital Rape is exempted from Indian penal code (IPC) Section 375-376.
Petitions in Delhi High Court to criminalise it. Union govt’s stand 1) if we criminalise the marital
rape, then it may destabilise the institution of marriage. It’ll become an easy tool for harassing the
husbands”. Just like the “rising misuse of Section 498A of IPC”— cruelty by husband or husband’s
relative against a woman. 2) Union government is going to amend all the criminal laws in a
comprehensive manner in the future so please wait until that is done. 2022: Delhi High Court has
expressed displeasure that we cannot wait forever either union government should say Yes/NO.
(भारतीय दंड संहिता ने वैवाहिक बलात्कार को अपराध नहीं माना जाता है। सरकार का ये कहना है अगर हम ऐसा प्रावधान करेंगे तो शादियां टू टने के जोखिम बढ़
जाएंगे, और कु छ बदमाश पत्नी/मायके वालों द्वारा जिस प्रकार से दहेज-उत्पीड़न क़ानून का दुरुपयोग होता है उसी तरह पतियों को परेशान करने के लिए “ वैवाहिक
बलात्कार“ फ़र्ज़ी मामले दायर किए जाएं, ऐसा डर है इसलिए कें द्र सरकार कहती है कि हम सारे आपराधिक कानूनों को धीरे धीरे सुधारने वाले हैं तब इस मामले
पर विचार करेंगे लेकिन दिल्ली हाईकोर्ट ने नाराज़गी जतायी है कि ये सारी सुधार में तो दशकों लग जाएंगे आप हाँ या ना में जवाब दीजिए कि आप वैवाहिक
बलात्कार को आपराधिक मानते हैं या नहीं।)
- Polity: Rights issues- Paris’s keep their dead bodies at Dokhmas / Dakhma also known as a Tower
of Silence. Wherein corpse will decay & the vultures may eat it. Such last rites are known as
‘Dokhmenashini’. 2020: Corona → government prohibited this. Reasons: 1) World Health
Organization has noted that if a person died of Covid-19 while he or she was infectious, the lungs
and other organs may still contain live virus even after death upto 9 days. It recommended only
cremation or burial for disposal of such bodies. 2) World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) has
observed that Corona-dead bodies should not be allowed to come in contact with animals/wild life.
So, Gujarat Govt said no, Guj HC also agreed → Parsi groups petition in SC. Govt repeats the stand.
(पारसी अपनी मृत शरीर को दफ़ना / जलाते नहीं लेकिन एक “दुखमा” टावर में छोड़ देते हैं जहाँ गीध पक्षी उसे खा जाए। हालाँकि मृत शरीर में भी नौ दिनों तक
वायरस ज़िंदा रह सकता है और वो पक्षियों द्वारा आगे संक्रमण फै ला सकता है इसलिए गुजरात सरकार ने इस विधि पर मना किया था हाई कोर्ट ने गुजरात सरकार
जीती थी तो पारसी समुदाय सुप्रीम कोर्ट में गया जहाँ पर सरकार वापस अपनी दलीलों को दोहरा रही है)
- Polity-freedom of press / comparing constitutions: British government restricts the funding to BBC
news org. Official reasons- 1) Govt is facing financial shortage during Corona. 2) BBC is not giving
un-biased news. Unofficial reason: BBC is not giving Borris-Bhakti news so PM doesn’t like it, not on
bit. (ब्रिटिश सरकार BBC समाचार संस्था को अनुदान में पैसा कम देगी, आधिकारिक रूप से कारण दिया गया की कोरोना के चलते सरकार को पैसों की
क़िल्लत है लेकिन वास्तव में BBC संस्था द्वारा बोरिस जॉनसन के भक्ति समाचार नहीं दिए जाते, उसकी नीतियों की निंदा की जाती है, इसलिए बोरिस जॉनसन
को मज़ा नहीं आ रहा और वो BBC को दबाना चाहता है, मुक्त विचारों और पत्रकार की आज़ादी को ख़तरा। )
- Sci-6-Corona: 1) Europe faces threat of prolonged ‘twindemic’: 1) INFLUENZA 2) Covid-19 2)
Greece (Capital Athens)- if senior citizen is not taking vaccine he could be fined €50
- Science-6 Corona: 2 more drugs for Covid patients in India: 1) BARICITINIB, which is also used
to treat rheumatoid arthritis, for critical Covid-19 2) SOTROVIMAB,- an investigational monoclonal
antibody for treating coronavirus कोरोना के ख़िलाफ़ दो और नई दवाइयों को भारत में अनुमति
- Science: Space-tech America’s first space station, Skylab, was launched by NASA on 1973.
Because of certain technical problems it crashed on ground in 1979. Although no damage was done
to people. In news because some political comparisons were made in the UP election
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Data Protection Bill: US flags storage, cross-border flow at ICT group mee
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ EV tax relief: Govt, Tesla in stalemate
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ explained series- IAS officers & central posting. Already saw it few days ago.
रहा है
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Sebi plans revamp of investor charter, dispute resolution system. Let them do it then
we see in Win22 to start from Feb-2022 after budget and economic survey published by govt.
download location: https://mrunal.org/download उसको करने दो फिर देखेंगे
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋‘Cox & Kings set up 15 fake cos to dress up books, divert funds
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ 20 states express interest to avail extra borrowing
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Budget, inflation focal points: Yields surge 22 bps in 1 month
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Columns: 1) Virat Kohli is no longer captain. But the adversity he grew up with, the
strength it gave him, 2) Russian military action could dent Delhi’s ties with Moscow, embolden
China
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: equity-linked savings scheme (ELSS) in sharemarket- It
gives certain benefits in the income tax computation. Bank fixed deposit also give similar benefit if
the fixed deposit it made for a tenure of five years. But that is not lucrative enough for the investors
so Bankers demanding it that even 3 years-FD shd also get similar IT-benefit. Let the govt do it
then we’ll see. उसको करने दो फिर देखेंगे
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Explained series: The view on ‘double engine
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Great Resignation: how Covid-19 has impacted the workforce. Seen previously under
worklife balance ke ye 1st world nation ke babushone resigning to start their own startup/having
fight with boss. This saste-content writers repeating the same nonsense / clickbait news all over
again after self-respecting columnists have stopped writing 25,000th column on Hindu-Muslim &
NFHS (National family health survey). (कोरोना के दौरान यूरोप/अमरीका के बहुत सारे नौजवानों ने ख़ुद ही नौकरी से इस्तीफ़ा दे दिया,
क्योंकि उनका ख़ुद का धंधा करना था या फिर की ऑफ़िस में बॉस के साथ झगड़ा था। ये वाला रोना धोना हम पहले भी देख चुके हैं)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Houthis and the war in Yemen. Basics already learned in the two days ago. Unless
your interview is in the next 15 days there is no point in preparing history of who are Houthis.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Justice Umar Ata Bandial to be next Pakistan CJ
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ R-Day: Parade spectators trimmed, remote summit for chief guests. Let the event
conclude then automatically we will come to know about all those news.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ 1) Afghan soil would not be used against neighbours, Taliban assures Pak NSA.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Bad bank structure: NARCL to take final resolution calls. Already studied few days ago
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Cambodia to host ASEAN foreign ministers' retreat. It's not big enough main summit
to be attended by PM/Presidents.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Forex reserves decline by $678 mn amid drop in foreign currency assets. Let the
Economic Survey come
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Govt misled House on Pegasus. Supreme Court has formed a committee let them
come with report let the judgement come. Our exam is not tomorrow morning. सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने जाँच समिति बनायी
है उसको रिपोर्ट देने दो अपनी परीक्षा कल सुबह नहि है
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Ukraine, Russia and India: already studied in the earlier video. Only one new point
that how it affects Indian interest ke 12k medical students in Ukrain may get stuck by war with
Russia. But there is a chance that most of them have came back home due to Corona. But we
already have enough point otherwise।
- Death but less-famous for exam: 1) Michael Brecher - Canadian political scientist who was expert
on Indian foreign policy 2) J S Bandukwala : activist worked for communal harmony
- EcoPil4A-Agro: research and extension services- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
gets hardly Rs 8,000 crore from budget. Whereas the food fertiliser subsidies and PM-KISAN
(rs.6000 annual transfer to farmer) totals about 4-5 lcr which is 30% of unions net taxes. To double
the farmer, we need to triple the amount on agri-R&D and extension, especially in the emerging
areas of high-value agriculture (horticulture, medicinal plants, livestock, fishery, etc). (कृ षि क्षेत्र में दी जाने
वाली सब्सिडी पर तो 4-5 लाख करोड़ का ख़र्च होता है। लेकिन सामने कृ षि संशोधन और विस्तार सेवा में मुश्किल 10-हज़ार करोड़ भी ख़र्च नहीं किए जा रहे।
इसको तीन गुना करने की ज़रूरत तभी किसानों की आय दुगुनी हो सकती है।)
- EcoPil5-INFRA: Communication- India Enterprise Architecture (IndEA): for integrating the
government data, government applications and computer technology for building large-scale
applications e-Governance. Ministry of Electronics & IT (MEITY) developed the open source IndEA
for helping ministries departments at union and state level. e.g. “X” scheme for irrigation: GPS
mapping of canals/dams, Aadhar Linked PM-KISAN Beneficiaries to find users/farms, IMD’s weather
forecast to estimate future demand, NITI’s SDG Index for monitoring progress etc. All that
interconnectedness can be done IndEA framework. 2022: MEITY planning One digital ID that links,
Aadhaar card, driving license, voter ID, PM-Kisan Id, MSME-Udhyam Aadhar Number and many
other things for advanced level applications of e-governance. (लोगों के अलग अलग ID कार्ड्स को डिजिटल तरीक़े से
एकीकृ त करके एक डिजिटल ID बनाया जाए ऐसा प्रस्ताव)

- EcoPill3B-Intl-Orgs: presently Indian government is negotiating free trade agreements with the
UK, the UAE, Australia, Israel and the EU. Such agreements require the signatory nations to reduce
the tariff and nontariff barriers on each other's import/exports. Indian industrialists are opposed to it
that it will increase the competition with foreign products and it is that in job loss for local
Enterprises. Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal has chastised them ke 1) FTAs are two-way traffic. It
cannot be one-sided access for Indian goods and services alone. Otherwise other nations will not
sign it, if we don’t allow their products in India. 2) Indian consumers should not be forced to buy
expensive / poor quality domestic products in areas where other countries’ are offering better
cheaper products. Local Indian industry needs to get more competitive. Similar words were also
echoed by the previous economic surveys. ( भारत सरकार अन्य देशों के साथ मुक्त व्यापार समझौते कर रही है जहाँ पर विदेशी आने
वाली सामान पर हमले टैक्स कम करने होंगे और सामने वे सब देश भी भारत से निर्यात होने वाले सामान पर टैक्स कम करेंगे लेकिन भारतीय उद्योग पति इसका
विरोध कर रहे हैं कि विदेशी प्रतिस्पर्धा बढ़ेगी तो लोग हमारा सामान भारत में कम ख़रीदेंगे और लोगों की नौकरी चली जाएगी तो वाणिज्य मंत्री पीयूष गोयल ने
उनको फटकार लगायी है कि अगर हम विदेशी सामान पर ऐसी छू ट नहीं देंगे तो विदेश में भारत के सामान पर वे लोग टैक्स की छू ट नहीं देंगे। और सिर्फ़ इसलिए
के तुम बहुत ग़रीब हो ये बोलके तुम को इंडियन आइडल नहीं बना सकते, आपने कु छ प्रतिभा भी तो होनी चाहिए। यानी कि, अच्छी क्वालिटी का माल बनाओ
और बेचो। तुम्हें भी विदेशीयो से प्रतिस्पर्धा के लिए तैयार रहना होगा। तुमको अच्छा माल बनाना नहीं आता तो क्यों भारत के ग्राहकों पर हम ज़बरदस्ती करें कि वो
तुम्हारा ही महँगा और ख़राब घटिया क्वालिटी का सामान ख़रीदे? जबकि उन्हें विदेशी माल किफ़ायती दाम और अच्छी क्वालिटी का मिल रहा हो!)
- Ethics: Attitude towards women: SBI circular if pregnancy is of more than 3 months, the
candidate will be considered temporarily unfit and she may be allowed to join within 4 months after
delivery of child. In this case, despite qualifying for the job, woman will not be able to join 10
months. And during this period she will also not receive any of the maternity benefits / salary
because she's not yet presumed to be employee of SBI. Creates variety of challenges for
divorcee/single mothers. Backlash on social media, notice by Women commission → SBI circular
withdrawn. SBI justification this was based on the old gazette notifications. (स्टेट बैंक ऑफ़ इंडिया में यदि नौकरी
में चयनित हुई महिला तीन महीने से ज़्यादा गर्भवती है तो उसे अस्थाई रूप से नौकरी के लिए अयोग्य माना जाएगा और बच्चा पैदा होने के चार महीने बाद ही वो
नौकरी शुरू कर पाएगी। यानी की कु ल मिलाकर क़रीब 10 महीने तक उसको नौकरी नहीं करने मिलेगी जिसके चलते न तो प्रसूति लाभ मिले, न तनख्वा मिले।
ख़ासकर अविवाहित और तलाकशुदा गर्भवती महिलाओं के लिए इससे काफ़ी समस्याएं होती है। सोशल मीडिया पर काफ़ी विरोध राष्ट्रीय महिला आयोग ने भी जवाब
तलब किया तो SBI ने अपना नियम वापस लिया है।)
- Ethics: public organisation dilemmas: After receiving complaints about people using empty school
buildings, Bihar government issues circular asking school teachers and principals to provide
information about people found drinking or selling liquor on school premises. After protests, State
government clarified that it was not mandatory, and was just an appeal made as a place to drink
alcohol. Previously, there was a controversy when Bihar state government had asked the school
teachers to go for morning chowkidaari with torchlight and whistle to discourage people from
defecating in open under the Swachh Bharat Mission. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) teachers should be
allowed to focus on the education work rather than peripheral activities. 2) if there are complaints of
empty school buildings misused for alcohol, then local police can very well take care of it through
their network of informant/ drones / CCTV. Under the service condition rules it is the responsibility
of the teachers to ensure no illegal activities take place in the school. Now putting a separate
circular for everything, assumes that teachers are also hand in gloves with the drunkards / careless
about the responsibilities and they to be reminded of the duties. This type of ‘top-down-boss’
attitude does not help building the moral of the workforce. (बिहार सरकार ने आदेश जारी किया कि शिक्षकों ने अपनी स्कू ल
में शराब बिक्री और शराब सेवन की जानकारी देनी होगी। भारी विरोध के बाद सरकार ने ख़ुलासा दिया कि यह अनिवार्य नहीं है। इससे पहले भी स्वच्छ भारत
मिशन के नाम पर शिक्षकों को सुबह उठ के खुले में शौच करने वाले लोगों को रोकने का आदेश दिया गया था। शिक्षकों को पढ़ाई का काम करने देना चाहिए अगर
वास्तव में स्कू ल के ख़ाली बिल्डिंग में शराब बिक्री हो रही है तो ये पुलिस का काम है कि वो तफ़तीश करें और अगर उसमें शिक्षक भी जुड़ा है तो उसको भी
गिरफ़्तार करे जो भी शिक्षक सरकारी नौकरी में आता है तो उसने अपने स्कू ल दफ़्तर में अनैतिक प्रवृत्तियों को रोकना है वो उसकी नौकरी जी की ज़िम्मेदारी अपने
आप से अलग से सर्कु लर जारी करके उनको ये याद करवाना- 1 प्रकार से यह दिखाता है कि जैसे राज्य सरकार को अपनी ही शिक्षकों पर विश्वास नहीं है। इस
प्रकार का रवैया शिक्षकों के नैतिक मनोबल को ख़त्म करता है।)

- Ethics/Sports: 2019’s Karnataka Premier League T20 tournament- police filed chargesheet against
some players under Indian penal code section 420 for cheating. Match fixing does not amount to
cheating: Karnataka HC rejected saying 1) "match fixing may indicate dishonesty, indiscipline and
mental corruption of a player. But for this BCCI can take disciplinary action. 2) Match fixing is not a
crime under IPC Section 420. Because it requires that person must have used deception / dishonesty
in delivering any valuable item. 3) ricket being a sport cannot be brought under the ambit of gaming
as defined by the Karnataka Police Act to curb betting or gambling 4) If a player indulges in match
fixing, a general feeling will arise that he has cheated the lovers of the game. But, this general
feeling does not give rise to an offence," Counter argument: "people buy tickets to watch a match"
and they expect fair play and that matching fixing robs the game of fair play which results in the
cheating of the ticket buyers among the public. (कर्नाटक हाई कोर्ट का कहना है कि मैच फिक्सिंग के मामले में खिलाड़ियों के
ख़िलाफ़ अनुशासन की कार्रवाई BCCI कर सकता है किन्तु वो भारतीय दंड संहिता में धारा 4बीस के तहत धोखा धड़ी का मामला नहीं बन सकता, पुलिस
FIR दर्ज नहीं कर सकती, क्योंकि ४२० करने के लिए ज़रूरी है कि अपराधी ने किसी क़ीमती चीज़ का वादा किया वो और फिर धोखा दिया हो. हाँ ये बात सच
है कि खिलाड़ियों ने ईमानदारी से नहीं खेलेंगे जानबूझकर अगर हार जाएंगे तो वे अपनी प्रेक्षकों/चाहको के साथ धोखा धड़ी करते हैं लेकिन उस चीज़ को आर्थिक
रूप से अपराध नहीं मान सकते हैं।)
- IR/Defense: Middle East: Oman is the only Gulf country with which all three services of the
Indian armed forces carry out regular bilateral exercises. 😍 Duqm port: India has signed a
agreement to access this for naval military use and for commercial use (by Adani group)
- Polity: Combative federalism- Deputation of IAS officers: The three all India services viz. IAS, IPS
and IFS (Forest) are are recruited and appointed by the Centre and allotted to various states. They
spend rest of their career in A) servicing the state government ministries/departments or B) on
central deputation- serving in Union’s ministries and departments. BEFORE: Such officers were
deputed to the Centre after a consultative process involving the Union government, the state
government and the concerned officer. After the officer & State government given consent, the
officer will be sent on central deputation. 😥 Problem? The number of officers opting for the central
deputation are declining. 19% (2014) → 10% (2021). 🤔 Reasons? Union government’s lateral entry
scheme.1) in many departments senior positions are filled up with lateral-entry and other central
service officers e.g. IRS (revenue service),IIS (information service) etc. so, Mid-level
IAS/IPS/IFS(Forest) don’t want to serve under ‘outsider’ boss due to arrogance/ego. 2) in the State
government postings opportunity for more operational freedom, corruption and royal
entry/treatment. Solution? Union government is amending the rules to make it compulsory for the
state government to send Officers on deputation. West Bengal and other non-BJP states opposed
saying it will create shortage of manpower for the official state administration. (अखिल भारतीय सेवाओं के
अफ़सर IAS, IPS and IFS (Forest) अपनी नौकरी राज्य सरकार की के ड़र करते हैं और उन्हें कें द्र सरकार के मंत्रालय विभागों में प्रतिनियुक्ति के लिए
भी भेजा जा सकता है। लेकिन अब तक नियम कु छ ऐसे थे कि सिर्फ़ राज्य सरकार और उससे संबंधित अफ़सर की अनुमति के बाद ही उसे कें द्र सरकार की
प्रतिनियुक्ति में भेजा जाता था। लेकिन पिछले कु छ वर्षों में अवसर राज्य सरकार में नौकरी करना ज़्यादा पसंद करते हैं, वे कें द्र की प्रतिनियुक्ति भी नहीं जा रहे हैं।
क्योंकि १) कें द्र सरकार की उच्च पदों में IRS तथा पाश्विक प्रवेश से लाए गए बाहरी लोगों को बिठाया जाता है तो उनके नीचे काम करना
IAS/IPS/IFS(Forest) अपनी शान के ख़िलाफ़ समझते हैं। २) राज्य सरकार के मंत्रालय विभागों में भ्रष्टाचार और राजसी-जीवन के अवसर ज़्यादा होते
हैं कें द्र सरकार के मंत्रालयों में वो अवसर कम होते हे। इसलिए मोदी सरकार नियमों में कु छ बदलाव कर रही है कि ज़बरदस्ती अनिवार्य रूप से इस राज्य सरकार ने
हर साल अपने कु छ अफ़सरों को तो भेजना ही होगा जिस पर ग़ैर BJP राज्यों को विरोध/आपत्ति है कि हमारे राज्य में अफ़सरों की तंगी /क़िल्लत हो जाएगी और
राज्य का प्रशासन सुचारु रूप से नहीं हो पाएगा।)
- Sports: tennis Australian Open: Rafael Nadal 21st grand slam title, defeated Daniil Medvedev.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ 2) Pak looks to secure $3-bn loan from China. We have already gathered enough
points for Pakistan and Taliban for Mains answer writing in the past months. now the Prelims exam
is coming near, so I am not putting more mental effort in this.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Australia seeks to join WTO talks on China-Lituania trade row. Not affecting Indian
interest directly until we cook Birbal Khichdi.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Explained: Strategic significance of bridge China is building on Pangong Tso
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Nod to US bourse with blockchain feed, faster settlement. We have already gathered
enough number of points for Blockchain technology benefits and applications.
- Columns: 1) Startup culture suffers from old malaise of entitlement 2) CLIMATE AND THE QUAD
3) Vaccines and masks will continue to present legal challenges
- EcoPill1D: Insurance- LIC Chairperson MR Kumar tenure extended by one more year, for
upcoming IPO. (कार्यकाल की अवधि एक साल और बढ़ायी गई।)

- History/Freedom Struggle: 1877: Coronation Park was the venue of the Delhi Durbar in 1877 to
mark the proclamation of Queen Victoria as the Empress of India. 1920s: India Gate was built as
World War I memorial on Kingsway, now called Rajpath. It was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens, he
was the main architect of Delhi. India Gate style is often compared to the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.
1936: statue of King George V, was added under the canopy of India Gate. 1943: during Quit India
movement, activists scaled the statue, smashed its nose and draped it with a large black cloth
inscribed ‘Death to the Tyrant’. 1968: After Independence King George V’s statue moved from India
Gate to Coronation Park. 2022: under the India Gate canopy, government planning to install the
statue of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. Till the physical statue is installed, there will be 3D
holographic image under the canopy. A hologram is a three-dimensional projection that can be seen
without using any special equipment, and appears to move and shift realistically as the viewer walks
around it. (इंडिया गेट के नीचे ब्रिटिश राजा जॉर्ज पंचम की प्रतिमा हुआ करती थी जिसको बाद में हटा दिया गया था अब वहाँ पर नेताजी सुभाष चंद्र बोस
की प्रतिमा को लगाया जाएगा लेकिन जब तक एसी भौतिक प्रतिमा नहीं बन जाती तब तक वहाँ पर 3D होलोग्राफ़िक चित्र दिखाया जाएगा।)
- History/Freedom Struggle: Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose- b’day 23th January to be celebrated as
Parakram Divas. (सुभाष चंद्र बोस की जन्मदिवस को पराक्रम दिवस के रूप में मनाया जाएगा)
- ️IR/Defense:
‍👮🏻‍
♂ ️ border security- MANDATE of security forces: ‍♂️ 1) Army guards the LoC (@India-
Pakistan)
👮🏻‍
‍♂ ️️ and Actual Ground Position Line" (AGPL@SIACHIN). ‍♂️ 2) Border Security Force (BSF)
guards
👮🏻‍
‍♂ ️️ international border with Pakistan and Bangladesh. ‍♂️ 3) Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)
and
👮🏻‍
‍♂ ️️ Assam Rifles guard the line of actual control (LAC) with China ‍♂️ 4) The Sashastra Seema Bal
(SSB)
👮🏻‍
‍♂ ️‍♂
️👮🏻️‍️ borders with Nepal and Bhutan. ‍♂️ 5) Assam Rifles borders with Myanmar. ‍♂️ 6) Coast
Guard for Maritime borders. So, we’ve 5 forces guarding 6 land borders. Whereas in other countries,
usually a single agency is responsible for border security example Iran has the Border Guard
Command, Italy has the Border Police Service, Russia has created a Border Guard Service, US, it is
under
👮🏻‍
‍♂ ️️ Homeland Security, China, it is the People's Armed Police. Pakistan has a ‍♂️ A) Frontier
Corps
👮🏻‍
‍♂ ️️ for its western border ‍♂️ B) Rangers looking after the Indo-Pak Border. Problem with
multiple security agencies guarding the borders” 😥 lack of a coherent policy on training, planning,
operations and combat tactics. Suggestion: merger of some of the Central armed police forces
(CAPF) into National Border Guard, (NBG). (भारत के अलग अलग सीमाओं पर अलग अलग सुरक्षा बल कार्यरत हैं जबकि अन्य देशों में
के वल एक ही सुरक्षा बल सीमा सुरक्षा का पूरा काम देखता है इसलिए ऐसा कु छ विलीनीकरण भारत में करने का सुझाव।)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Accommodative policy has served us well: RBI Deputy Guv. What is accommodative
policy already seen many times in past monetary policy free lectures.
(https://youtu.be/SoUJD4pokT8?t=886 (https://youtu.be/SoUJD4pokT8?t=886))
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Air India set to be handed to Tata Group on January 27- this we have already studied.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Bad bank ready, 15 cases adding up to Rs 50,000 cr to be shifted by March 31. Already
seen in the last video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMVeHLjIxMQ
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMVeHLjIxMQ)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Buoyant exports but unfavourable trade balance: Why is there a dichotomy. Let
Economic Survey come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Explained: Jats and the BJP in UP. Politics news not important
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Fed move and Indian markets. Already studied in earlier video
(https://youtu.be/heATg3b8A4c?t=300 (https://youtu.be/heATg3b8A4c?t=300))
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Finance Ministry is expected to come out with a single volume Economic Survey for
2021-22 projecting growth of around 9 per cent for the next fiscal. Let Economic Survey come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ food and fertiliser subsidy outlay has reversed the trend since 2020-21, thanks to
additional allocation, higher food procurement amid Covid-19, and rising global fertiliser price. Let
the next budget and economic survey come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Free power transmission for green hydrogen. Let them notify or come up with some
explain Series.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ How boiling oil prices impact govt, personal Budget. Already seen many times
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ India, UK engage in 'productive' FTA talks
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ IR/Defense: Burkina Faso President detained, soldiers say junta now in control (issues
in every small country not imp. Until blown to a global level crisis/debate)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ James Webb Telescope reaches destination 6 Almost a year on, bad bank yet to take
off. Already studied in the past.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Moderna's HIV vaccine: promising, miles to go. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ let them at least get some
approval.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ PM Modi unveils hologram of Netaji. Already studied
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Polity: Secularism: Some Karnataka College not allowing students to wear head-scarf.
Let some court pronounce judgement. Our exam is not tomorrow morning.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Private banks lag in crop loan disbursals in Maharashtra
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ RBI not in favour of dual structure of Bad Bank I.e. i) National Asset Resolution
Company Limited (NARCL) ii) India Debt Resolution Company Limited (IDRCL). Let the latest
economic survey come then we will see it in Win22 to start from 8-Feb-2022 after budget and
economic survey published by govt. download location: https://mrunal.org/download
- 🕵🏻Chief Economic Advisor (CEA: मुख्य आर्थिक सलाहकार): Works under Finance ministry’s Department of
Economic Affairs. Publishes annual economic survey. Usual tenure 3 years, reappointment possible,
but not a constitutional or statutory body. Has control over Indian Economic Service (IES) officers.
Notable CEAs in Past: Manmohan Singh, Raghuram Rajan, Arvind Subramanian (2014-18).
Krishnamurthy Subramanian (2018-2021). 2022-Jan: Dr V Anantha Nageswaran as its Chief
Economic Advisor (CEA). Nageswaran MBA from IIM-A, Dean of the IFMR Graduate School of
Business, part-time member of the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (2019-21). He
has done . Books: 1) Can India grow? 2) The Rise of Finance: Causes, Consequences and Cures
(अनंथा नागेश्वरन बने भारत के नए मुख्य आर्थिक सलाहकार. तीन साल का कार्यकाल पुनर्नियुक्ति संभव वित् मंत्रालय के आर्थिक मामलों के विभाग के नीचे काम
करते हैं और आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण प्रकाशित करते हैं.)

- Books: Rebels Against the Raj by historian Ramachandra Guha. (Foreign freedom fighters in India)
- Columns: 1) strength of our republic 2) shape of our freedoms 3) We, the women 4) Going
forward. You may read some of them to buid your vocabulary for the essay writing on Indian
democracy and constitution.
- Columns: 1) Bigger bang for budget buck 2) Supreme Court’s historic judgment in Antrix-Devas
case underscores how corruption marked UPA
- Columns: 1) FISCAL ARITHMETIC 2) daily persecution of minorities puts the nation in danger 3)
prison diary from Tihar 4) Personal Data Protection Bill imposes regulatory burden on businesses
- Columns: YOUNGEST LEARNERS, MAKING CONNECTIONS, AirIndia-FLYING HOME, Recover and
rebuild, Northeast-work to be done,inequality epidemic (-Harsh Mander), Imagining the republic.
- Death: CAPTAIN OF India's 1964 Tokyo Olympics gold medal-winning hockey team, Charanjit
Singh from Himachal Pradesh
- Death: SUBHASH BHOWMICK, the 1970 Asian Games bronze medallist footballer, from W.Bengal
- Death: Vietnamese Zen Buddhist monk Thich Nhat Hanh, aged 95.
- Defense: INS Khukri played a key role in 1971 Indo-Pakistan war. It’ll be turned into a museum in
Union Territory of Diu.
- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: K-shaped recovery. income of Poor persons have fallen by 50% while
income of the richest persons have ⏫increased by 40% during Corona-2020-21. As per the People’s
Research on India’s Consumer Economy (PRICE), a Mumbai-based think-tank. Ex-RBI Governor
Raghuram Rajan commented: Economy has some bright spots- 😍 health of large firms, 😍 roaring
business the IT sectors 😍 emergence of unicorn Startups. Indian economy suffering from sun dark
stains: 😥 unemployment and low buying power, especially among lower middle-class. 😥 the
financial stress of MSME. 😥 tragic state of our schooling/education. (कोरोना के दौरान गरीबों की आमदनी तो 50%
गिर चुकी है लेकिन अमीरों की आमदनी 50% बढ़ चुकी है. एक तरफ़ भारत की IT कं पनियां बहुत अच्छा प्रदर्शन कर रही है तो सामने लघु उद्योग भारी
नुक़सान का सामना)
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: Blockchain: A secured decentralized database that maintains a
continuously growing list of records / transactions. Old entries can’t be deleted, new entries will be
visible to all. Mainly used for running cryptocurrency network. But it can also store any type of
data. 😍 In news because PM Modi conferred Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar awards – as
digital certificates through blockchain technology for the first time in India, and prizes worth Rs 1
lakh each ahead of the Republic Day. These were given to 29 children for “exceptional
achievement” in several categories: innovation (7), social service (4), scholastic (1), sports (8), art
and culture (6) and bravery (3). भारतीय इतिहास में पहली बार प्रधानमंत्री बाल पुरस्कार के सम्मान पत्र ब्लॉकचेन टेक्नोलॉजी की मदद से
डिजिटल स्वरूप में बच्चों को दिए गए हैं. ब्लॉकचेन एक डेटाबेस है जो रिकॉर्ड की निरंतर बढ़ती सूची को विके न्द्रीकृ त रूप से बनाए रखता है। सामान्य रूप से इस
ब्लॉकचेन का इस्तेमाल बिटकॉइन जैसी क्रिप्टॉमुद्रा के रिकॉर्ड बनाने के लिए होता है लेकिन इसे अन्य डेटाबेस संग्रह के लिए भी इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं.
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: MDR is a fee charged to merchants for processing of payments made
through UPI, digital wallets, debit, and credit card. But at present, payments through UPI and RuPay
debit cards get 0% MDR. While their credit and debit cards are subjected to MDR. So payment
companies are asking government to remove the 0% MDR on UPI and Rupay Debit. Already studied
the issue : https://youtu.be/i6i6frF8k6w?t=0 (https://youtu.be/i6i6frF8k6w?t=0)
- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: Scam-walli Punjab and Maharashtra Cooperative Bank Ltd (PMC Bank)
merged with Unity Small Finance Bank Ltd. (USFBL). PMC bank Depositors will get ₹5 lakh from
DICGC. Remaining amount to be paid new bank in instalments in 3-10 years. (बैंकों का विलीनीकरण/ एकीकरण)
- EcoPill1C: Bonds: Pakistan Govt raises $1 bn @7.95% rate through Islamic bond/ Sukuk bond
- EcoPill1C: Formosa Bond is a bond issued in Taiwan, which is listed on the Taipei Exchange. The
bond is dominated by currencies other than the Taiwan dollar. 2022: SBI borrowed $300 million by
issuing SBI Formosa Bonds. Purpose- mostly for overseas branch expansion. (ताइवान में ताइवान के अलावा वाले
मुद्रा में जो बॉण्ड जारी किए जाएं उसे फ़ोर्मोसा बोंड कहा जाता है.)
- EcoPill1C: Sharemarket: inflation rising in America so American central bank likely to do ‘fed
tapering/ interest rate hikes’ → When interest rates go up in the US, foreign investors tend to pull
out funds from emerging markets like India and invest in the US. So, Indian share market is falling.
(अमेरिका में बढ़ रही महँगाई से लड़ने के लिए उनका कें द्रीय बैंक लोन ब्याज दर महँगी करने वाला है तो विदेशी निवेशक भारतीय शेयर बाज़ार से भाग रहे हैं
जिसके चलते शेयर बाज़ार गिरा है)
- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: Art. 267-🔐Contingency Fund of India for Unforeseen events /disaster.
Parliament approval is “subsequently” obtained, after expenditure. Money refilled from Consolidated
fund of India. This fund is deemed to be under the President of India & is operated by Finance
Secretary (IAS) under department of economic affairs under finance ministry. Budget-2021 Reforms:
1) fund amount increased from Rs 500 crore to Rs 30,000 crore. Under the contingency fund of
India act 1950 it is possible to do this into manner i) via Finance Bill ii) via ordinance, if Parliament is
not in session. 2) 40% of this amount will be kept with secretary (IAS) Department of Expenditure
for meeting unforeseen expenditure. (आकस्मिकता निधि की राशि को 500 करोड़ से बढ़ाकर 30,000 करोड़ किया गया है और
इनमें से 40% रक़म व्यय विभाग के सचिव के हाथ में रखी जाएगी.)
- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: Disinvestment/Privatization: 1932 Tata Airlines started. → 1953: was
nationalised / brought under government ownership under Air Corporations Act. 2018: loss making
an Indian government tried to privatise. 2022: Tata Sons bought it back at ₹18,000 cr. Next Steps:
Govt-Appointed Directors On Board Step Down. 2) AI staff to be retained for a year, VRS offer
thereafter. 3) Top AI officials to be given training to understand Tata work culture (होशियारी मारने के चक्कर में
जिस टाटा एयरलाइन का एक ज़माने में सरकार ने राष्ट्रीयकरण किया था लेकिन सरकार ठीक से चला नहीं पाई और नुक़सान ही में बहुत बढ़ोतरी हो गई तो वापस
एयर इंडिया का निजीकरण किया गया और उसको टाटा को बेच दिया गया है.)
- EcoPill4B: sectors of economy → social commerce: e-commerce platform that connects buyers
and resellers. Reseller will buy unbranded / less famous products: sell it thru social media,
WhatsApp et cetera to friends and neighbours and followers. (सामाजिक व्यापार: पुनः विक्रे ता कम-मशहूर चीज़ें ख़रीदता है
और फिर सोशल मीडिया द्वारा अपने मित्र रिश्तेदार और फोलोवरस को बेचता है। छू टे गाँव शहरों में जिन्हें सस्ता माल ख़रीदना है ऐसे ग्राहकों के लिए उपयोगी।
हालाँकि यहाँ पर मशहूर ब्रांड के नक़ली पायरेटेड सामान बिक्री का जोखिम।) - e.g Facebook’s Meesho, Dealshare, Mall91,
SimSim. 😍 small town customers wanting to buy cheaper and unbranded local style clothes/shoes
etc. which may not be available on Amazon Flipkart. 😥 counterfeit /pirate items.
- Environment/Disasters: SUBHASH CHANDRA BOSE AWARDS FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
(Aapadaa Prabandhan): announced every year on January 23, the birth anniversary of Subhas
Chandra Bose. Prime Minister Modi distributed the awards for the years 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022:
🥇 2022: GUJARAT Institute of Disaster Management (GIDM) and Professor Vinod Sharma (vice
chairman of the Sikkim Disaster Management Authority) 🥇 2021: Sustainable Environment and
Ecological Development Society (SEEDS) (institution category) and Dr Rajendra Kumar Bhandari
(individual category) 🥇 2020: Disaster Mitigation and Management Centre, Uttarakhand (in the
institution category) and Kumar Munnan Singh (individual category) 🥇 2019: NDRF (आपदा प्रबंधन पुरस्कार)
- Ethics-Sports Ethics: ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Corrupters continue to escape legal net With fixing not considered
as cheating by Indian courts, those inducing cricketers towards wrong-doing keep evading
punishment. have already studied this few days back, regarding judgement of the Karnataka Court.
मामला पहले ही देख चुके
- Ethics: corruption sports ethics: Former Zimbabwe captain Brendan Taylor convicted for match
fixing. His ‘excuse’- “The Matchfixer/bookie was blackmailing me because he had a compromising
video of me consuming Cocaine. Bookie threatened to the release it to media and my wife. So, I had
to do match-fixing for him!” 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) a person of weak character / drug-addict is likely
to be lured/trapped into doing further unethical activities. If you engage in a small illegal activity
then you will end up into bigger crime. (ज़िम्बाब्वे का भूतपूर्व कै प्टन मैच फिक्सिंग के आरोप में दोषी उसने ये दलील दी है कि उसी
कोकीन का नशा करने की लत थी और बुकी ने उसकी ऐसे विडियो बना दिए थे और वो उसे ब्लैकमेल कर रहा था कि तुम 1 गंजेड़ी वो ये बात तुम्हारी बीवी और
पूरी दुनिया को बता दूँगा इसलिए मुझे मजबूरन मैच फिक्सिंग में शामिल होना पड़ा। समझदार हमें यह है कि व्यक्ति का चरित्र जब कमज़ोर हो और उसे नशे की लत
हो तो वो छोटे अपराध करता है जो अंतत: उसे बड़े अपराध की तरफ़ ले जाते हैं)
- Ethics: Corruption- Kerala government's to amend Lokayukta's powers via ordinance. 1) his work
will be confined to merely advisory in nature. 2) Previously, only SC judge or Chief Justice of HC
could become the lokayukta but now any HC judge even if not Chief Justice, will be able to join this
post. Critics argue that it will weaken the post. (के रल राज्य सरकार लोकायुक्त की शक्तियों को कम करना चाहती है जिस पर विपक्ष
के विरोध में है)
- Ethics: Corruption: bridge collapsed ahead of a visit by President Joe Biden to the Pennsylvania
city. 🤔Points to Reflect: Poor quality of roads and bridges are not confined to India. the contactors
and builders are corrupt in America as well. (अमेरिका में भी पुल ढह जाते हैं भ्रष्टाचार के वल भारत तक सीमित नहीं है।)
- Ethics: environmental ethics: Winter Olympics in Beijing. Majority of the snow is not naturally
occurring but created artificial using ice-making machines. 😥 groundwater exploitation 😥 such ice
making machine use a lot of electricity produced through coal-thermal powerplants or diesel
generators → GHG emission⏫. On one hand promotion of sports global brotherhood local economy
is required but not at the expense of environment. (चीन में शीत ओलंपिक्स के दौरान अच्छी बर्फ़ बारी नहीं हुई है तो कृ त्रिम रूप से
मशीनों की मदद से बर्फ़ बनाई जा रही है। इसमें पानी की बर्बादी बिजली की बर्बादी और डीज़ल जनरेटर के चलते वायु प्रदूषण भी बढ़ता है। हालाँकि ये बात सही है
कि विश्व बंधुत्व और चरित्र निर्माण में खेल कू द का काफ़ी महत्व है लेकिन पर्यावरण का ध्यान रखना भी उतना ही ज़रूरी है।)
- Ethics: IAS dilemmas: Four Gujarati persons frozen to death while trying to illegally enter in USA
via land border of Canada. Former deputy chief minister Nitin Patel made a public statement, “There
are no opportunities available here and people do not get good position despite working hard. That’s
why Gujarati People go in large numbers to America, Canada, Australia. Future does not become
bright. Despite working hard and studying here. One does not get good position and therefore does
such a struggle and such sad incidents happen.” After this social media is lit with comments against
the Government of Gujarat. As the Secretary (IAS) of labour department. How will address this? (ग़ैर
क़ानूनी रूप से के नेडा सरहद पार कर अमेरिका में घुसपैठ करने की कोशिश में चार गुजराती ठंड से मारे गए। इसके बाद गुजरात के भूतपूर्व डिप्टी CM ने ये
सार्वजनिक बयान दिया है कि “गुजरात में चाहे जितनी मेहनत करो, लोगों को व्यवसाय के अच्छे अवसर मिल नहीं रहे। इसलिए वे अमेरिका कनाडा भाग रहे हैं।”
इसके बाद सोशल मीडिया में मचा बवाल । तो श्रम विभाग के सचिव यानी की IAS ऑफ़िसर के रूप में आप इसे कैसे संबोधित करेंगे।)
- Ethics: IAS Dilemmas: Rajkot Mayer has expressed displeasure that- “Stray cattle cause traffic jam
and road accidents in our city. Problem of dung and cattle urine is causing bad-smell in the shopping
/ tourist areas, driving away the foreign tourists. This has become nuisance points from a cleanliness
point of view and can lead to disease. 98 percent of the residents of the Rajkot city want cattle off
limits.” After this, as Rajkot Municipal Commissioner (IAS) you make some enquiries about what can
be done- following problems are found: 1) Gaushalas / Cattle rescue centres are not willing to
accept the stray-cattle because municipal Corporation is giving them only Rs.2500 per animal per
month, which is insufficient for their water fooder and maintenance. But municipal corporation does
not have enough funds to give more money. 2) it is not possible to transport it to some other city's
Gaushalas because the transportation cost is ₹4,000 per cattle. But municipal corporation does not
have enough funds to give more money. 3) it is not possible to leave them in some nearby
jungle/arid/non-habitated area because lions, hyenas and wild dogs would eat the cattle. 4) not
possible to send them to slaughter house due to the policies of the government. 5) cattle-owners
not willing to accept the stray cattle because fall in the milk prices in the global market. So looking
at all these constraints how will you address the menace of stray-cattle as Rajkot Municipal
Commissioner (IAS)? (राजकोट शहर के मेयर ने नाराज़गी जतायी है कि यहाँ सड़कों पर मवेशियों की भिड़ बढ़ रही है। हर जगह ट्रैफ़िक जाम है।
गोबर-मूत्र की बदबू फै ली है - जिससे विदेशी प्रवासी ज़्यादा रुकते नहि। इसके बाद राजकोट म्यूनिसिपल कमिश्नर यानी कि IAS ऑफ़िसर के रूप में
अपनी जाँच पड़ताल की तो पाया कि- इन सब मवेशियों को पकड़कर गौशाला बेच नहीं सकते, क्योंकि गौशाला वाले उनके रख रखाव के लिए ज़्यादा पैसा माँग रहे
हैं जितना बजट राजकोट नगर निगम के पास नहीं। इन मवेशीऑ किसी और शहर भी नहीं भेज सकते क्योंकि हर मवेशी को भेजने के लिए 4 हज़ार रुपये का ख़र्च
आता है जितना पैसा अपने पास नहीं। कत्लखाने नहि बेच सकते हैं क्योंकि सरकार की नीतियों के ख़िलाफ़ है। इन पशुओं के मालिक भी इन जानवरों को वापस
नहीं लेना चाहते क्योंकि दूध बेचने पर अच्छी कमाई नहीं हो रही। इन्हें जंगल में भी नहीं छोड़ सकते वरना शेर और जंगली कु त्ते इनका शिकार कर लेंगे। तो इन सब
समस्याओं को देखते हुए आप राजकोट म्यूनिसिपल कमिश्नर के रूप में इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)

- Ethics: impartial journalism/Family values- role of a journalist is to present of facts in an unbiased


manner and take the site of truth and ethics. Nobel literature Prize-winning Colombian writer Gabriel
Garcia Marquez had an extramarital relationship in the 1990s with Mexican writer Susana Cato, with
whom he had an illegitimate daughter, Indira Cato. After his death, this was exposed in 2021-22.
Suddenly, all the newspaper columnist writing things as if was a great accomplishment in life!
IndianExpress has used the headline a “beautiful secret” to explain this. Extramarital affairs is
unethical. How is it a beautiful secret? UP’s EX-CM ND Tiwari had an illegitimate son but then BBC
would write about it in negative tone. But local and foreign journalists are infatuated with some
novelist and poet (from their college days) so his unethical behaviour doesn’t seem ‘wrong’ but
‘beautiful’ for them. (उत्तर प्रदेश की पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री ND तिवारी के विवाहेतर संबंध में एक अवैध बेटा भी था उस पर अख़बार नकारात्मक रूप से
तिवारी के चरित्र की चर्चा करते रहे थे। अब एक नोबेल विजेता गैब्रियल गार्सिया मार्के ज़ नामक लेखक की मैक्सिकन महिला से अवैध विवाहेतर संबंध थे और एक
बेटी पैदा हुई थी जिसका नाम रखा था इंदिरा। तो देश-विदेश की अख़बार उसको एक “सुंदर राज” के रूप में बता रहे हैं, जैसे कि मार्के ज ने कोई बहुत बड़ी
उपलब्धि हासिल की हो। एक पत्रकार का काम होता है निष्पक्ष रूप से समाचार दे, और समाज में नैतिकता का पक्ष ले। लेकिन यहाँ प्रतीत होता है कि ये पत्राचार
अपने कॉलेज ज़माने में इस लेखक की कु छ किताबे पढ़के उसके अंधे भक्त बन गए हैं इसलिए उसकी अनैतिक चीज़ें भी उन्हें सुंदर दिखती है।)

- Ethics: impartiality/anger/Sports-Ethics: Tennis- “on-court coaching” at Grand Slams (i.e. Tennis


star taking advice from the court during live tournament). 2022: Australian Open: Tsitsipas was
continuously doing it, but the referee was not taking any action. so his opponent Medvedev started
argument with the Referee, “ "Bro, are you mad? His father can coach every point?Are you stupid?"
Can you answer my question, please? Can his father talk every point? Oh my God, you are so bad,
man. How can you be so bad in a semi-final of a Grand Slam?” Then Rafique got irritated and gave
code violation to Medvedev. Later on TV channel cameras did a sting operation & caught Tsitsipas
was caught receiving on-court coaching- when he was also penalised. 🤔Points to Reflect:
Medvedev’s anger was understandable but he should not have used uncivilised words against
referee such as “you are stupid.” Because even arrogant, corrupt and incompetent officials use such
things as an excuse to take action against the victim rather than helping him. (ऑस्ट् रेलियन ओपन टू र्नामेंट
में मैच के दौरान खिलाड़ियों को अपने कोच के साथ परामर्श करने की मनाही है लेकिन सितसिपास सतत रूप से एसा कर रहा था, रेफ़री इस पर कोई भी एक्शन
नहीं ले रहा था तो प्रतिस्पर्धी मेडवादेव ने आपा खोकर रेफ़री को खरी खोटी सुना है कि “तुम एक स्टुपिड आदमी हो, तो तुम्हें ख़राब आदमी हो!” तो उल्टा
रेफ़री ने उसी पर जुर्माना लगा दिया- कि तुमने मेरा अपमान किया है अभद्र भाषा का प्रयोग किया है! हालाँकि बाद में TV कै मरा के फ़ु टेज देखते हुए पता चला
की सितसिपास नियमों का उल्लंघन कर रहा था। तो यहाँ पर मेदवेदेव ने अपनी भाषा पर संयम रखना चाहिए था, रेफ़री को ‘स्टू पिड’ कहे बिना, अपनी शिकायत
दर्ज करानी चाहिए थी। वरना भ्रष्ट अफ़सर हमेशा से पीड़ित को ही छोटी छोटी बात में नुक़्स निकालकर परेशान करने की ताक में रहते हैं।)
- Ethics: Juvenile/Value Education: Pakistan 14yo bold shoots mother and 2 sisters because the
mother reprimanded him for paying attention to studies and stop playing PUBG. (वीडियो गेम खेल के पाकिस्तानी
किशोर का दिमाग़ ऐसा भ्रष्ट हो गया कि जब माता ने पढ़ाई करने के लिए उसे डांटा, माता की हत्या कर दी)
- Ethics: Leadership/Communication skill: Germany’s navy vice Admiral Kay-Achim Schönbach
commented during a seminar in India that: ”1) Russia’s President Vladimir Putin deserved “respect”.
Giving him respect is low-cost, even nocost. It is easy to give him the respect he demands, and
probably deserves. Otherwise it will continue to create troubles in Ukraine and other countries to
split European Union. 2) Ukraine would never get back the Crimean peninsula that Russia had
annexed in 2014.” After lot of outrage in social media he had to resign. 🤔Points to Reflect: during
the international program the Navy chief should have kept his thoughts to himself. (जर्मनी के नेवी वाइस
एडमिरल ने इस भारतीय समारोह में ये बोला की, “रशिया के राष्ट्रपति पुतिन यूक्रे न में धमाल करवा रहे हैं क्योंकि वो यूरोपियन यूनियन से इज्ज़त चाहते हैं ।
यूरोपियन यूनियन उन्हें इज़्ज़त दे देगा, तो सस्ते में मामला निपट सकता है। युद्ध की नौबत नहीं आएगी। रशिया ने यूक्रे न का जो क्रीमया हिस्सा अपने क़ब्ज़े में कर
लिया है, वो तो यूक्रे न में किसी माई-के लाल की ताक़त नहि की पूटिन से वापस ले सके ।” फिर सोशल मीडिया में हुआ बवाल तो इन नेवी अफ़सर को देना पड़ा
इस्तीफ़ा यानी की सार्वजनिक कार्यक्रमों में एक लीटर ने अपनी भाषा पर संयम रखना चाहिए चाहे वो निजी रूप से जो भी सोचता हूँ उसे हर सार्वजनिक मंच पर
कहने की ज़रूरत नहीं है।)
- Ethics: police administration- British prime minister Boris Johnson’s being investigated by the police
for violating the 2020-lockdown by hosting birthday party. 🤔Points to Reflect: many politicians in
India openly flouted the lockdown norms for election rallies, public integration, wedding of children
and celebration of festivals- but no police investigation in India. Whereas in Britain even the prime
minister is not spared. (अपने जन्मदिवस के जलसे में कोरोना तालाबंदी का उल्लंघन करने के लिए ब्रिटिश प्रधानमंत्री बोरिस जॉनसन के ख़िलाफ़
पुलिस जाँच शुरू हुई है. भारत में नेताओं द्वारा आए दिन चुनाव प्रचार धार्मिक समारोह शादी ब्याह इत्यादि में बेरोकटोक कोरोना नियमों का उल्लंघन किया जाता है,
लेकिन भारतीय पुलिस ने हिम्मत नहीं की किसी मिनिस्टर के ख़िलाफ़ जाँच करके दिखाए)
- Ethics: public organisation dilemmas: Railway Recruitment Board's Non-Technical Popular Category
(NTPC) recruitment exam- 35k posts, 1.25 cr aspirants. Protests on going against irregularity in the
process / issues related to clubbing of the exam is meant for graduates and class10 pass outs
etc. 🤔Points to Reflect: SSC/NTPC always mired with controversy in recruitment. No cognisance
taken until twitter-trending tags, city-wide protests. Shows weakness in leadership / lack of empathy
towards poor candidates. (रेलवे भर्ती प्रक्रिया में वापस धमाल शुरू. जब तक ट्विटर पर ट्रेंड फ़ॉलो न कराया जाए या शहरों में धमाल तब तक
प्रशासन मामले का संज्ञान नहीं लेता जो असल में अफ़सरों की ग़रीब उम्मीदवारों के प्रति अनुकं पा में कमी दिखाता है कि)
- Ethics: social Media: EU Digital Services Act 2020 amendment: To prevent platforms, like Google,
Amazon, and the Meta-owned Facebook, from using sensitive information, such as sexual
orientation, race, and religion for targeted ads. Penalty? 6% of global revenue. (कि यदि कोई इंटरनेट कं पनी,
बिना उपभोक्ता की अनुमति के लक्षित विज्ञापन देती है तो यूरोपीय संघ ने उस पर जुर्माना लगेगा)
- Ethics: Sports-Ethics: Women's Asia Cup Matches- team India's bio bubble was breached 14
players infected so Asian Football Confederation (AFC) declared Indian team’s remaining matches
null and void. 🤔Points to Reflect: Chain is only as strong as its weakest link. Even if one person is
infected it endangers the entire team. 😥 While Corona is no longer considered a deadly for the
young population but none the less their dreams are crushed because they will not be able to
participate in the tournament despite preparing for it for the entire year. 😥 and therefore
vaccination must be compulsory for sports and military, disregarding the individual-rights issue ki
pipudi. (भारतीय महिला फ़ु टबॉल टीम को एशिया कप से बर्खास्त किया गया- पूरे साल इन खिलाड़ियों ने जो तैयारी की थी पानी में चली गई/ बेकार गई।
क्योंकि उसके 14 खिलाड़ियों को कोरोना संक्रमण पाया गया है. कोई एक ज़ंजीर उतनी ही मज़बूत होती है जितनी मज़बूत कि उसकी सबसे कमज़ोर कड़ी होती
है। यानी कोरोना में किसी एक इंसान को भी अगर संक्रमण हो जाए तो वो पूरी टीम को जोखिम में डालता है इसलिए खेलकू द और मिलिट्री में टीकाकरण अनिवार्य
होना चाहिए। उसमें की स्वतंत्रता और निजता की पीपूडी बेमतलब है।)
- Geography: Places in news- Poland-Auschwitz camp where Hitler killed over 6 million Jews. Terms
as “Holocaust”. January 27, 1945 Auschwitz was liberated by Soviet troops in 1945. So United
Nations remembers Jan27 as Holocaust day.
- Geography: places in news: Eddy current markings are primary sedimentary structures preserved
as spirals on top of the bedding plane of a fine-grained quartz-granite bed. Found in mahisagar
district of Gujarat.
- GPSC: Death Mahadevbhai Desai- Pioneer of Vanche Gujarat Campaign, founder president of
Anavil Sanskar trust in Navsari
- GPSC: people from Gujarat who got Padma awards 2022: One get Padma Bhushan, 7 Padma Shri
equal total 8 persons. 🥇1) Padma Vibhushan: SWAMI SACHCHIDANAND was conferred with one of
the 17 Padma Bhushan awards announced Tuesday, the only from Gujarat. Born on April 22,1932
in Moti Chandur village of Patan district, Swami Sachchidanand was named Nanhalal Trivedi and was
a primary teacher in Radhanpur and Bilimora before he renounced social life at the age of 21. He
has written several books and was awarded by the Gujarat Sahitya Academy. Sahitya Parishad. He
has also been into humanitarian activities in “Bhakti Niketan” Ashram at Dantali in Gujarat’s Petlad in
Anand district that he established in 1969. 🥇 2) SAVJI DHOLAKIA PADMA SHRI of Surat, who will be
conferred the Padma Shri has built over 75 ponds at his native place in Lathi taluka of Amreli district
in Saurashtra. 🥇 3) MALJIBHAI DESAI PADMA SHRI Gandhinan from Ziliya village in Chanasma
tehsil of Patan district 🥇 4) DR LATA DESAI PADMA SHRI, a paediatrician, had co-founded SEWA
(Society for Education Welfare and Action) Rural. 🥇 5) PRABHABEN SHAH PADMA SHRI is a social
woker from Nani Daman of Dadra and Nagar Haveli Daman and Diu. She had started sewing classes
in the union territory in 1969, which helped several women earn a livelihood. 🥇 6) DR JYANT
KUMAR MAGANLAL VYAS PADMA SHRI vice chancellor of National Forensic Sciences University
(NFSU) in Gandhinagar 🥇 7) RAMILABEN GAMIT PADMA SHRI Songadh taluka in Tapi district. She
has been conferred with Padma Shri for her work in the tribal region of Tapi in South 🥇 8) KHALIL
DHANTEJVI PADMA SHRI (POSTHUMOUS): KHALIL ISMAIL Makrani, a poet and novelist popularly
known by his pen name Khalil Dhantejvi, was born on December 12,1935 in Dhantej, Vadodara
- History/ freedom struggle: Motilal Tejawat- from merchant family in the adivasi dominated Koliyari
village in the Mewad region of Rajasthan. Had fought against the british exploitation of tribals in
Gujarat (Banaskantha)-Rajasthan (Sirohi,Udaipur) border region. British Indian government
organised Mewad Bhil Corps (MBC), a paramilitary force and murdered 1200 of his supporters in
Nimda massacre to crush his Eki-Andolan. Motilal Tejwas was regarded as the ‘Gandhi of Koliyari’ by
the tribals. He’s shown on GUJARAT'S TABLEAU for the Republic Day parade 2022. (गुजरात राजस्थान के
सरहदी इलाक़े में आदिवासी समुदाय पर हो रहे अंग्रेजों के अत्याचार के ख़िलाफ़ ‘एकी आंदोलन’ चलाने वाले मोतीलाल तेजावत। अंग्रेजों ने १२०० आदिवासियों की
हत्या की थी निमड़ा में। इस बार की 26 जनवरी परेड में गुजरात की झांकी में शामिल)
- History/Culture: tune/hymn ‘Abide With Me’ by a Scottish national Henry Francis Lyte. was one of
Mahatma Gandhi’s personal favourites. It had been played during the Beating Retreat Ceremony
after 26th Jan parade. But 2022: Government has decided to replace it with with Kavi Pradeep’s
seminal Aye Mere Watan Ke Logon, which was written in the wake of the Sino-Indian War. (ये अंग्रेज़ी
धून, जो गांधीजी को काफ़ी प्रिय थी और 26 जनवरी के परेड की अंतिम समारोह में बजायी जाती थी उसे 2022 में नहीं बजाएंगे उसकी जगह हिंदी धुन “ऐ मेरे
वतन के लोगों” बजायी जाएगी)
- history/Culture: UNESCO added Nordic ‘clinker boats’ to its list of traditions that represent the
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. This wooden boats were used for the trade and war across
seas and continents. Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden jointly sought the UNESCO
designation. The term ‘clinker’ is thought to refer to the way the boat’s wooden boards were
fastened together. (नॉर्डिक देशों की कलिंकर-नाव दुनिया की अमूर्त प्राकृ तिक धरोहर है)
- History/Freedom Fighters: Verrier Elwin, British scholar who came to India in the 1920s, fought for
rights of Adivasis Odisha and MP. He was the first foreigner to be granted Indian citizenship after
1947. His autobiography, The Tribal World of Verrier Elwin won him the 1965 Sahitya Akademi
Award.
- IR/Defense: 1972: PM Indira Gandhi inaugurated Amar Jawan Jyoti @India GATE to pay tribute to
soldiers who died in the 1971 war between India and Pakistan. Amar Jawan Jyoti includes a black
marble plinth with an inverted L1A1 selfloading rifle with a bayonet, topped by a war helmet, which
acts as the tomb of the unknown soldier. There are four urns on the installation, with four burners.
On normal days, one of the four burners would be kept alive, previously using LPG cylinder, later
using PNG pipeline ( piped natural gas). 2019: PM Modi inaugurated National War Memorial,
around 400 metres away from India GATE. National War Memorial has names of over 26,000 Indian
soldiers who died in the wars and conflicts of independent India. Since then PM, along with the
military leaders, lays a wreath at the National War Memorial before the Republic Day parade. 2022:
Amar Jawan Jyoti at India Gate will be extinguished/merged. Now, only one flame at National War
Memorial. 🤔 Justification for merger? 1) Amar Jawan Jyoti @India GATE paid homage to the
soldiers killed in the 1971 War, but did not mention them by name, and that India Gate is a “symbol
of our colonial past” 2) National War Memorial commemorates all soldiers who have laid down their
lives in the various battles, wars, operations and conflicts of Independent India. And also contains
their names -approx 26,466 names of soldiers written in gold letters on the granite tablets. (इंडिया गेट
पर जो अमर जवान ज्योति है उसे विलीन कर, अब के वल एक ज्योति रहेगी ‘नेशनल वार मेमोरियल’ पर।)
- IR/Defense: Ayesha Malik takes oath as Pakistan Supreme Court’s first woman judge. (⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋
As such I find this “Ek-Tha-Tiger/James Bond” information of little use for Indian competitive exams,
nonetheless, I’m adding it to keep Babushona audience in good-humor.)
- IR/Defense: CHINA to help Pakistan launch more satellites. China will also cooperate with Russia,
Ukraine, Belarus, Argentina, Pakistan, Nigeria, and BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa)
remote-sensing satellite constellation

- IR/Defense: Europe- 2014: Russia annexed the Crimean Peninsula from Ukraine (to gain access to
words the Mediterranean sea for faster movement of cargo and troops because the northern side
seas of Russia remain frozen in winter.) 2) 2022: Russia is again building of troops on the Ukraine
border. Russia demands that NATO must promise to never accept Ukraine as a member-country.
American not willing to agree for this. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949) is an
intergovernmental military alliance made up of countries from USA, Canada, Europian nations etc. 3)
President Biden is interested to have peaceful relations with Russia so as to counter China, but
Putin’s Ukraine adventure is putting Biden in a difficult position. 4) European Union is a powerful
economic entity (with its $17 trillion GDP), it remains a weak security actor. European Union
Parliament is excessively focused on immigrant issues, LGBT rights, wokism, financing the debt crisis
in weaker members using German-France money, BREXIT, Facebook-data privacy, environmentalism
etc. That they (EU) never built enough security forces missiles and tanks. This further emboldens
Putin on Ukrain. Issues affecting Indian interest? We want good relations with EU, Russia, USA
against Chinese hegemony, but if war breaks out, we’ll be in tight spot for having to vote in
favor/against resolutions for condemning Russia. (कि पुतिन ने क्रीमिया देश से यूक्रे न इसे क्रीम या नाम का इलाक़ा पहले ही हड़प
लिया था और अब पूटिन ने अपने क़रीब 1, लाख सैनिकों को यूक्रे न की सरहद पर खड़ा कर दिया है और उसकी ज़िद है कि नाटो सैन्य समूह का ऐसा वायदा
करें कि वे कभी भी यूक्रे न को अपना सदस्य नहीं बनाएंगे। अमेरिका का कहना है कि हम ऐसा काग़ज़ पे लिखती नहीं दे सकते। हालाँकि चीन के बढ़ते प्रभाव से
लड़ने के लिए अमेरिका के लिए रूस के साथ अच्छे रिश्ते बनाए रखना भी ज़रूरी है। यूरोपीय संघ के पास पैसा तो बोहोत है लेकिन अब तक उन्होंने अपनी सैन्य
शक्ति को ज़्यादा बढ़ाया नहीं था- उनके पास पर्याप्त मात्रा में सैनिक मिसाइल टैंक उपलब्ध नहीं है, क्योंकि यूरोपीय संघ की संसद, अपनी सैन्य शक्ति बढ़ाने की
जगह समलैंगिकों के अधिकार, रेफ़्यूजी के अधिकार, जर्मनी के पैसो के गरीब सदस्यों इंडियन आयडोल बनाए की नहि, डेटा-निजता के अधिकार इत्यादि की
पीपूडी बजाने में ही ज़्यादा मसरूफ़ रहते हैं इसलिए पुतिन के हौसले बुलंद है। भारत को इससे फ़र्क पड़ता है क्योंकि हम यूरोप और रूस दोनों के साथ अच्छे रिश्ते
चाहते हैं ताकि वे चीन के ख़िलाफ़ हमारी मदद करते रहे। लेकिन पुतिन की हरकतों के बाद अगर यूक्रे न ने युद्ध छिड़ जाता है और फिर उस युद्ध की निंदा के लिए
संयुक्त राष्ट्र में कोई प्रस्ताव पारित होना हो तो भारत के लिए मुश्किल हो जाएगी कि हम उस पर कै से वोटिंग करें, बिना किसी भी पक्ष को नाराज़ किए)
- IR/Defense: India-Central Asia: 1st ever Online summit with 5 leaders Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. They were scheduled to join the Republic Day celebrations
But the Omicron pandemic cancelled personal visit. 2) These five Central Asian states, already part
of the so-called Shanghai Cooperation Organisation led by Russia and China. (Indian Pakistan also a
member of SCO). But now India is engaging with them separately for 1) economic ties 2) Energy
security 3) dealing with Taliban. (मध्य एशिया के पाँच देशों के साथ भारत के प्रधानमंत्री ने की ऑनलाइन चर्चा- व्यापारिक रिश्ते, परिवहन,
ऊर्जा सुरक्षा और तालिबानी आतंकवाद के ख़िलाफ़ सहयोग ज़रूरी)
- IR/Defense: Myanmar- is a decisive lynchpin for India’s Act East policy but for the economic
development and security of India’s Northeast. Previously Myanmar and Indian security forces were
conducting joint operation against ULFA and other Indian insurgent groups (IIGs). 😥 But now,
Myanmar military regime has signed a some secret agreement with the IIGs in order to use them to
quell the internal strife against supporters of Aung San Suki, Rohingya etc. 😥 Chinese and Pakistani
intelligence agencies are also adding further fuel in this. India must stave off attempts to exploit
Myanmar by countries inimical to India’s growth. Any ambiguity or delay in India’s constructive
engagement with Myanmar would only serve the interests of anti-India forces. (भारत की आर्थिक विकास और
उत्तर पूर्व की सुरक्षा में म्यान्मार का काफ़ी महत्व है। एक ज़माने में भारत की फ़ौज और म्यांमार की फ़ौज मिलकर उल्फ़ा इत्यादि उग्रवादियों के ख़िलाफ़ संयुक्त
अभियान चला रही थी। लेकिन हाल में म्यान्मार की सैन्य तानाशाह ने भारतीय उग्रवादियों के साथ गुप्त समझौते किए हैं, कि तुम लोग म्यांमार में आंग सान सू की
के समर्थक, रोहिंग्या इत्यादि की मारकाट शुरू करो, तो तुम्हें म्यान्मार में पनाह/राज्याश्रय देंगे। पाकिस्तान और चीन के गुप्तचर संस्था भी इस आग में घी डाल रही
है, तो भारत विरोधी उग्रवादियों के हौसले बुलंद हो रहे हैं।)

- Padma Bhushan 2022- 17 Persons: Notable are- 🥇1) SANJAYA RAJARAM (Posthumous) SCIENCE
(AGRICULTURE), MEXICO Wheat scientist wdeveloping 480 high-yielding and disease resistant
wheat varieties, now grown in 51 countries 🥇) PRATIBHA RAY, 77 LITERATURE & EDUCATION ,
KHORDHA, ODISHA Internationally acclaimed author, popularly known as the queen of Odia
literature. 🥇) SWAMI SACHIDANAND, LITERATURE EDUCATION , ANAND, GUJARAT
Philosopher 🥇 ) VASHISHTH TRIPATHI, VARANASI Veteran jurisprudence scholar, specialising in
Indian knowledge system Nyayshastra. 🥇✋) Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee- Ex-CM of West Bengal,
although he has rejected to accept award. 1) VICTOR BANERJEE, 75 ART (ACTING-FILMS),
KOLKATA Three-time National Award winning versatile actor. ) GURMEET BAWA (Posthumous)
AMRITSAR famous folk artist known as as 'Lambi hek ki Malika' 🥇) NATARAJAN
CHANDRASEKARAN: Chairman of Tata Sons 🥇)KRISHNA ELLA & SUCHITRA ELLA,HYDERABAD
Founders of Bharat Biotech for Covid vaccine Covaxin 🥇) MADHUR JAFFERY, USA Globally
celebrated chef and food journalist; 🥇)DEVENDRA JHAJHARIA: RAJASTHAN Paralympic javelin
athelete. : 🥇) RASHID KHAN, 53 ART (VOCALS-HINDUSTANI), BUDAUN, UP Hindustani classical
vocalist of the Rampur Sahaswan Gharana 🥇) RAJIV MEHRISHI (IAS), JAIPUR, Ex-Comptroller and
Auditor General of India 🥇) SATYA NADELLA, Microsoft CEO 🥇) SUNDAR PICHAI, CEO of Google
and Alphabet 🥇)CYRUS POONAWALLA: Founder of the world's largest vaccine manufacturer, Serum
Institute of India, which played a crucial role in India's fight against Covid
- PADMA SHREE 2022- 107 persons. Notable: Subedar Neeraj Chopra (Haryana)- winning javelin
gold in the 2020 Olympics- Given 1) Padma Shree 2022 AND 2) Param Vishisht Seva Medal:
recognises peace-time service of the most exceptional order.
- Padma Vibhushan 2022- Four Persons: 🥇1) PRABHA ATRE ART (VOCALS-HINDUSTANI), PUNE,
MAHARASHTRA belongs to the Kirana Gharana, of classical music 🥇 2) GEN BIPIN RAWAT
(POSTHUMOUS) PAURI GARHWAL, UTTARAKHAND was the first Chief of Defence Staff, died in a
chopper crash. 🥇 3) RADHEYSHYAM KHEMKA (POSTHUMOUS) LITERATURE AND EDUCATION
(CULTURE) GORAKHPUR, UP. president of Gita Press, Gorakhpur, editor of the ‘Kalyan’ magazine. 🥇
4) KALYAN SINGH (POSTHUMOUS) ALIGARH, UTTAR PRADESH face for BJP in Uttar Pradesh. The
demolition of Babri Masjid took place during his tenure as Chief Minister.
- PIN: Appointment: Xiomara Castro- Honduras first woman President
- PIN: only two Indian female cricketers have won ICC Cricketer of the Year award. 1) Jhulan
Goswami (2007) ii) Smriti Mandhana (2022)
- PIN/ appointment: Sculptor Adwaita Gadanayak appointed to construct the BLACK GRANITE of
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose under the India Gate canopy.
- PIN/Award: ASSAM State’s highest civilian award Assam Baibhav for Ratan Tata
- Polity: 6-Rights issues/ comparing constitution/Vaccine compulsion: American president Joe bidden
had ordered all the federal employees to get vaccinated compulsorily but Texas court rejected this
order as unconstitutional.
- Polity: Article 335 SC/ST quota in promotions- Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to
govt jobs, shall be taken into consideration, consistently with the maintenance of efficiency of
administration. 🤔 2006 judgement in M Nagaraj vs Union of India : State is not bound to make
reservation for SC/ST in promotions. However, if they wish to do so then pre-conditions: 1) State
has to collect quantifiable data showing backwardness of the class and inadequacy of representation
2) Do not breach the ceiling-limit of 50% 3) Do not obliterate the creamy layer 4) Do not extend the
reservation indefinitely. 2022: SC says M.Nagaraj judgement is valid and it is for the government to
decide the things. supreme court cannot design a yardstick or guidelines for SC/ST reservation in job
promotion- otherwise it will take away the discretion of the state governments in factoring in the
local conditions. (नागराजन के स में सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा था कि एस॰सी॰ एसटी को सरकारी नौकरी में पदोन्नति में आरक्षण देना सरकार के लिए
अनिवार्य नहीं है, वैकल्पिक है। यदि सरकार ऐसा आरक्षण देना चाहती है तो कु छ शर्तों का पालन करना होगा जैसे की पिछड़ेपन का डेटा -क्या वास्तव में उस
सरकारी विभाग में उच्च स्तरों पर SCST व्यक्तियों की कमी है?✋ इस प्रकार का आरक्षण 50 प्रतिशत से ज़्यादा नहीं होना चाहिए और✋ अनंत काल तक
नहीं होना चाहिए। 2022 में वापस कु छ याचिकाएं दायर हुई थी तो सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा कि नागराजन में हमने जो बताया था वो सब सही है और अंततः वो राज्य
सरकार तय करे कि ऐसे ही पदोन्नति आरक्षण के नियम होने चाहिए। 🤔 क्योंकि स्थानीय ज़रूरतों और समस्याओं को देखते हुए उन्होंने ख़ुद ही ये निर्णय लेने
होंगे।✋ सुप्रीम कोर्ट ख़ुद से पूरे भारत के लिए कोई सामान्य दिशा निर्देश नहीं बना सकता।)
- Polity: DPSP advocates liquor prohibition. Before: MAHARASHTRA Govt allowed only registered
wine stores are allowed to sell wine. From-2022: Even supermarkets and walk-in stores across the
state can also sell wine. 😍 Pros: this will benefit the industry and the farmers and also increase the
Tax collection for the state government. 😥 Anti- allowing supermarkets to sell wines they will
actively display it on the shelf with some attractive offers discounts further encouraging the
consumption of liquor. (महाराष्ट्र में के वल शराब के ठेकों पर ही नहीं बल्कि किरानेवाले/सुपर-स्टोर अभी वाइन की बिक्री की अनुमति दी गई है ताकि
शराब कं पनियों को फ़ायदा हो अंगूर उगाने वाले किसानों को फ़ायदा होगा, और राज्य सरकार की कर राजस्व आमदनी भी बढ़ेगी। हालाँकि विपक्ष नाराज़ है कि
राजनीतिक के पथ दर्शक सिद्धांतों के हिसाब से तो शराब पर पाबंदी होनी चाहिए उसको किराने की दुकानों में बिकवाना- शराब की लत को और प्रोत्साहित करेगा)

- Polity: Election: 52nd Amendment Act, 1985 ( popularly known as Anti-Defection Law) Provided for
disqualification of members of Parliament and state legislatures on the ground of defection.
Problem? Its paragraph number#3 gave immunity to defectors as long as one-third of the members
of a political party formed a separate group. In the smaller parties this was very easy to manage by
bribing /blackmailing the 1/3rd members. So, 2003: 91st Amendment) Act → paragraph 3 of the
Tenth Schedule was omitted. However there are still some problem areas such as 😥1) Often, the
speaker of the house not working in the un-biased manner. Speaker working in partisan manner,
proceedings are prolonged without justice. E.g. Goa where proceedings dragged on for a couple of
years and now that fresh elections are around the corner, these proceedings have no value. Similar
problems observed a previously in Manipur and Madhya Pradesh (Solution: Time-limit to finish
cases) 😥2) 10th Schedule’s paragraph 4 gives immunity to defectors, IF two-thirds of the members
of the party merged with another political party. This is also easy to do in small size party by bribing
and bullying. 😥3) Article 164(1B): defector cannot become minister for rest of the tenure of the
house. But then, house is usually dissolved and fresh elections are held and then he's made the
minister, so such a defection has no real consequences on his political career. (Solution: 5 year ban
from becoming minister) Conclusion: If our polity wants to get rid of open corruption, it needs to
take urgent steps to plug existing loopholes in Tenth Schedule. (पक्षांतर/ दल बदलुओं विरोधी संवैधानिक संशोधन-10वी
अनुसूची- मैं क्या है वो सब लक्ष्मीकांत में देख लेना-। कु ल मिलाकर उसकी सदस्यता रद हो जाए उसको मिनिस्टर न बना दिया जाए ऐसी सब बातें थी। उसमें
क्या समस्याएं थीं? शुरुआती समय में अगर किसी राजनीतिक पक्ष के एक तिहाई सदस्य अपना अलग दल बना ले तो फिर उन्हें दलबदलू नहीं माना जाता था और
उनको सजा नहीं होती थी। लेकिन छोटी पार्टियों में पैसा / धमकी देकर एक तिहाई विधायकों / सांसदों को अपनी जेब में करना बोहोत आसान था। इसलिए यह
१/३ वाला प्रावधान 2003 में हटाया गया। 😥 हालाँकि फिर भी समस्याएं ख़त्म नहीं हुई है क्योंकि- अगर २/३ सदस्य दूसरे पक्ष के साथ विलीन हो जाएं तो
उन्हें दल बदलू नहीं माना जाता, आज पैसों की पावर से यह करना आसान हो गया है। 😥 सभापति स्पीकर निष्पक्ष रूप से कार्रवाई नहीं करते मामलों को देरी
तक निलंबित किया जाता है जैसे की गोवा में अभी तक है दलबदलुओं का के स चल रहा है, जबकि अब तो गोवा में नया चुनाव भी आने वाला है। 😥 दलबदलू
को उस सदन की कार्यावधि तक मिनिस्टर न बने दिया जाए ऐसा प्रावधान है लेकिन कई बार चुनाव जल्दी कर दिए जाते हैं और चुनाव के बाद जो नया सदन
बनता है उसमें दलबदलू को मिनिस्टर बना दिया जाता है। तो ये सब समस्याओं के ख़िलाफ़ संवैधानिक संशोधन/ सुधार की ज़रूरत है)
- Polity: Election: PIL in SC seeking deregistering a political party that promises or distributes
“irrational freebies” before polls e.g. free laptop, moped, refrigerator, 1000 rupees to women etc. It
is a “serious issue” as sometimes “freebie budget is going beyond regular Budget. The parties who
make more promises have the advantage and chance of winning the elections even though it does
not amount to corrupt practices under the law,” So, SC Issues notices to Centre & ECI to reply on
PIL. सुप्रीम कोर्ट में जनहित याचिका दायर की- चुनाव से पहले राजनीतिक पक्षों द्वारा जो लोक लुभावन के लिए मुफ़्त में TV फ्रिज मोबाइल स्कू टर इत्यादि के
वायदे किए जाते हैं वो 1 प्रकार से चुनाव ही भ्रष्टाचार है। और कभी कभी तो इस प्रकार की मुफ़्त भेंट सौगातों की रक़म 1 सामान्य बजट से भी बड़ी होती है।
इसलिए इस प्रकार की राजनैतिक पार्टियों का पंजीकरण रद्द किया जाए ऐसे माँग। इस पर सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने सरकार और चुनाव आयोग से जवाब माँगा है।

- Polity: Federalism: Article 323A of the Constitution → Administrative Tribunals Act 1985 →
Central Administrative Tribunal's (CAT) to adjudicate disputes between the central government and
its employees. W.Bengal Chief Secretary Alapan Bandyopadhyay (IAS) was absent in a meeting of
Prime Minister so then union government decided to take action against him for breaking protocol.
To prevent this disciplinary action, Alapan went to Kolkata bench of CAT. But then union government
requested the Kolkata CAT chief transfer the case to New Delhi bench of CAT. Alapan went to
Kolkata HC- ruled in his favour, then Modi govt went to SC- ruled in Modi Govt’s favour- that the
Calcutta High Court lacked the jurisdiction to entertain Bandyopadhyay's writ petition. And Delhi’s
CAT chairperson was resident in New Delhi, he was not amenable to the Calcutta High Court's
jurisdiction. although once upon a time, this type of crazy legal things were asked in GSM2- but
2021 more linear/straightfowarded paper. So I find this ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋(अफ़सरों और कें द्र सरकार के बीच विवादों को
निपटाने के लिए कें द्रीय प्रशासनिक न्यायाधिकरण (सीएटी) संस्था है. मोदी सरकार पश्चिम बंगाल के मुख्य सचिव के ख़िलाफ़ अनुशासनात्मक कार्रवाई करना
चाहती थी। जिसके ख़िलाफ़ वो अफ़सर पश्चिम बंगाल की कै ट ट्रिब्यूनल में गया → के स को कें द्र सरकार ने दिल्ली की के ट- ट्रिब्यूनल में स्थानांतरित करवा
दिया। → तो उस चीज़ को रोकने के लिए अफ़सर वापस कोलकाता हाईकोर्ट में गया → कोलकाता हाईकोर्ट ने कें द्र सरकार को रोका → लेकिन सुप्रीम कोर्ट
ने कोलकाता हाईकोर्ट को रोक दिया कि आपके अधिकार क्षेत्र से बाहर है क्योंकि दिल्ली की कै ट ट्रिब्यूनल का चेयरमैन है कोलकाता की कोर्ट के इलाक़े से बाहर
है।) हालाँकि इसकी सबसे जटिल और अतरंगी प्रश्न पूछने का एक ज़माने में ट्रेन था लेकिन २०२१ का पेपर देखा जाए तो polity-अतरंगी चीज़ें पूछना बंद कर
दिया है तो इस पर बहुत ज़्यादा दिमाग़ ख़र्च करना मुझे उपयोगी लगता नहीं है।
- Polity: Legislature - social distancing. 2022: budget session - Rajya Sabha too meet in the first half
of the day and the Lok Sabha to meet during the second half. Similar thing was done previously
during the monsoon session to avoid excessive crowding and keep social distancing during Corona.
(बजट सत्र के दौरान सुबह राज्यसभा मिलेगी फिर उनका सत्र ख़त्म होने के बाद लोक सभा दोपहर में मिलेगी ताकि संसद में बेफिजूल में ज़्यादा भीड़ जमा ना हो
और कोरोना संक्रमण का ख़तरा ना बने)
- Polity: Legislature- Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha 2021- suspending 12 BJP MLAs for one year
following alleged misbehaviour. But SC has removed the suspension. Supreme Court said Friday that
the legislators could not have been suspended beyond the tenure of that session. 1 year suspension
was unconstitutional, substantively illegal and irrational- and and violative of Articles 14 and 21 of
the Constitution. "The Opposition will not be able to effectively participate in the discussion/debate
in the House owing to the constant fear of its members being suspended for a longer period" and
"there would be no purposeful or meaningful debates”. 🤔 only a graded approach is the essence of
a rational and logical approach। (महाराष्ट्र राज्य की विधानसभा में BJP के 12 विधायकों को एक साल के लिए निलंबित किया गया था
बदसलूकी के आरोप में। हालाँकि सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने इसे रद्द करवाया है क्योंकि ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा किसी सांसद या विधायक को एक सत्र तक सस्पेंड किया जाए। यदि
उसको पूरे साल के लिए सस्पेंड किया जाएगा तो वो अपने चुनावी क्षेत्र के लोगों की समस्याओं को सदन में नहीं रख पाएगा, तो ये असंवैधानिक होगा।)

- Polity: Rights issues- freedom of religion/expression/ GSM2-Pressure Groups: Foreign Contribution


Regulation Act (FCRA) was enacted during the Emergency in 1976 & then amended in 2010. To
prevent foreign powers interfering in India’s affairs by pumping in funds through independent
organisations. NGOs ( non-governmental organization) in India need to register under this Act.
Registration is valid for 5 years, then can be renewed. Criticism that NGOs which are not liked by the
government, are not given renewal e.g. Mother Teresa NGO (Christian missionary activities),
Amnesty International (human rights), Greenpeace India (environmental activism), Teesta Setalvad
(Godhra riots). And this is not confined only to BJP government even the Congress/UPA government
had cracked down on NGOs protesting against the Kudankulam nuclear power project. Some of the
NGO went to Supreme Court to get their registration renewed, but the Supreme Court advised them
to go back to government for this purpose. (भारत में NGO संस्थानों ने विदेशों से चंदा लेने से पहले F सी आर सी नामक क़ानून में
पंजीकरण करवाना होता है जो पाँच साल के लिए वैध होता है फिर उन्होंने पुनः पंजीकरण कराना होता है। विवादों में इसलिए क्योंकि सरकार जिन से नाराज़ हैं
ऐसे धार्मिक, पर्यावरणवादी और मानव अधिकारों का कार्य करने वाले NGO के पुनः पंजीकरण में सरकार द्वारा बाधाएँ खड़ी की जा रही है।)
- Polity/Secularism: fundamental society are family, caste, and religion in Asia. A modern Western
secular framework requires individuals to detach themselves from these. But, constructing a secular
state was just against the grain of Indian but South Asian culture. Pakistan and Bangladesh are
Islamic majoritarian states, Nepal is Hindu, Myanmar and Sri Lanka are Buddhist majority, Bhutan
has treated Nepalese minorities barbarically, Islamic fundamentalism (-Historian Ramchandra
Guha). एशियाई समाज की बुनियादी तत्व है परिवार जाति और धर्म इसलिए ये पश्चिमी धर्मनिरपेक्षता के ढांचों को जब किसी देश पर थोपा जाता है तो वे
विफल रहते हैं/ में समस्या आती है. ये के वल भारत तक सीमित नहीं अपने सभी पड़ोसी देश पाकिस्तान बांग्लादेश म्यांमार श्रीलंका से लेकर तुर्की तक यही
समस्या चल रहा है.
- Science-6-Corona: Covid-19 pandemic is now in the community transmission stage in India.
Pandemic Stage#1: when the virus is introduced into the population by travellers. In every case
when we do contact-tracing of patient, we will find that it originated from a traveller. Subsequent
stages as per WHO: A) no active cases, B) sporadic cases and C) cluster of cases. Final stage:
community transmission stage- wherein contact tracing will not reveal a foreign traveller. Meaning
the Coronavirus has become part and parcel of the Indian community. Indians themselves are giving
the infection to each other. Indian Govt has acknowledged that the Covid-19 pandemic is now in the
“community transmission stage”. It is statement of the obvious, and has little operational implication
at this stage of the epidemic. (भारत सरकार ने क़बूल किया है कि भारत में कोरोना कम्युनिटी ट्रांसमिशन स्टेज/समुदाय-संक्रमण-चरण ये पहुँच
गया है यानी कि अब वो जो भी लोग बीमार हो रहे हैं उसके लिए कोई विदेशी मुसाफ़िर ज़िम्मेदार नहीं है भारत के ख़ुद के ही लोग दूसरे भारतीयों को ये संक्रमण दे
रहे हैं।)
- Science-6-Public Heath/GSM3-achievement of Indian Scientists: Oral Cancer detection device by
SCIENTISTS FROM IIT Kharagpur. Cost: $500. Handheld imagine device, can predict cancer based
on change blood flow rate of the tissue from thermal imaging analytics. (मुख़-कर्क रोग के निदान के लिया सस्ते साधन
का भारतीय वैज्ञानिकों द्वारा आविष्कार)
- Science: 4A-Agro: Gene editing is a newer technology that is seen as less risky than genetically
modified (GM) crops. In GM involves adding foreign genes to a plant. e.g. Cotton with bactera
Bacillus thuringiensis (so here bacteria DNA is combined with the plant DNA.) Whereas in Gene
Editing: scientists 'edit' or alter genes already in a plant to improve or change its performance,
aiming for better yields or increased nutrients. Chinese government is planning to allow this to
improve the production of crops. (GM टेक्नोलॉजी में दो अलग अलग प्रजातियों के रंग सूत्रों को मिश्रित किया जाता है हालाँकि वो पर्यावरण
और स्वास्थ्य के रूप में ज़्यादा जोखिम वाला माना जाता है. जबकि जिन-एडिटिंग/ रंगसूत्र-संपादन मैं एक ही प्रजाति के पौधे में उसके ख़ुद के रंग सूत्रों में कु छ
संपादन बदलाव कांट छाँट की जाती है। चीनी सरकार इसको अनुमति देने वाली है ताकि कृ षि उत्पादन में बढ़ोतरी की जा सकी)
- Science: 6-Corona: 2021-Jan: Serum Institute of India's Covishield and Bharat Biotech's Covaxin
Covid-19 vaccines were given "Emergency Use Authorisation" (EUA) i.e. sufficient data was not
submitted about the safety but for the emergency use the vaccines were allowed. 2022: these
companies have provided sufficient clinical trial data so now Conditional market authorisation given.
NEXT step/upgrade: full market authorisation → after that: Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 may
allow open sale of these Vaccines in pharmacy stores. (although given the shortage of vaccines
government will not allow it immediately). (अब तक की अलग अलग वैक्सीन को जो “आपातकालीन उपयोग” के लिए मंज़ूरी दी गई
थी- क्योंकि असल में वे मानव शरीर के लिए सुरक्षित है कि नहीं उसका पर्याप्त और क्लीनिकल ट्रायल डेटा कं पनियों ने जमा नहीं किया था. हालाँकि अब जमा कर
दिया तो उनको “सशर्त वाणिज्यिक मंज़ूरी” दी गई है. भविष्य में उन्हें “संपूर्ण बाज़ार अनुमति” दी जाएगी उसके बाद दुकानों में उपल्बध होंगी.)
- Sports: women's Asia Cup hockey- Indian women team wins Bronze for defeating China. Venue:
MUSCAT, Oman
DATE Subject SubTopic

2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-
2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 Sharemarket

2021-12-Week4 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-12-Week4 History/Culture🗿 His-Freedom

2021-12-Week4 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

2021-12-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Neighbours

2021-12-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Taliban


2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-12-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-12-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication


2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-12-Week4 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️

2021-12-Week4 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-12-Week4 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-12-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-12-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-
2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 Sharemarket

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-12-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Corporate😈

2021-12-Week4 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

IR-Border/Narco/
2021-12-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Naxal/Cyber

2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-12-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-12-Week4 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-
2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 Sharemarket

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-12-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-12-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-12-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Misc.😈

2021-12-Week4 GPSC GPSC

2021-12-Week4 GPSC GPSC


2021-12-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️
2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ PRI

2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Secularism


1B-Bank Classification
2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 & Loans🔪

2021-12-Week4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-12-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Russia

2021-12-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora

2021-12-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Pak


2021-12-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

1B-Bank Classification
2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 & Loans🔪

1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-
2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 Sharemarket

2021-12-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Leadership😈

2021-12-Week3 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-12-Week3 Geo🗺

2021-12-Week3 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-12-Week3 History/Culture🗿 His-Culture

2021-12-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-12-Week3 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-12-Week3 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-12-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Women😈


2021-12-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-12-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-12-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-12-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️
2021-12-Week3 Geo🗺 Disaster

2021-12-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


IR-Border/Narco/
2021-12-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Naxal/Cyber

2021-12-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-12-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Taliban

2021-12-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors


2021-12-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-12-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-12-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-12-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏


2021-12-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-12-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week3 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communication


2021-12-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week3 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy


1B-Bank Classification
2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 & Loans🔪

1B-Bank Classification
2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 & Loans🔪

1B-Bank Classification
2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 & Loans🔪

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2021-12-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-12-Week2 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-12-Week2 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-12-Week2 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2021-12-Week2 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-12-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-12-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-12-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Juvenile😈

2021-12-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Juvenile😈


2021-12-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Leadership😈

2021-12-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Leadership😈

2021-12-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Sports🏏

2021-12-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-12-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Corporate😈

2021-12-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Corporate😈

2021-12-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣


2021-12-Week2 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-12-Week2 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-12-Week2 Geo🗺 Pollution🛺

2021-12-Week2 GPSC GPSC


2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence
2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-China

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

IR-Border/Narco/
2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Naxal/Cyber

IR-Border/Narco/
2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Naxal/Cyber
2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Neighbours

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Middle East

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Neighbours


2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-12-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-12-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-12-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-12-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-12-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-12-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Sports🏏

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Corona😷

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Awards🏆

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Awards🏆

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Intolerance

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Intolerance

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ PRI


2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2021-12-Week2 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-12-Week2 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-12-Week2 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-12-Week2 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


2021-12-Week2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-12-Week2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week2 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-
2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 Fin-Inclusion

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

1B-Bank Classification
2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 & Loans🔪
2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 6-Corona😷


2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-12-Week1 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-12-Week1 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-12-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-12-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-12-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-12-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-12-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-12-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Compassion😈

2021-12-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: IAS Dilemmas😈


2021-12-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Leadership😈

2021-12-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Social Media😈

2021-12-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Women😈

2021-12-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics: Women😈


2021-12-Week1 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-12-Week1 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-12-Week1 GPSC GPSC

2021-12-Week1 GPSC GPSC

2021-12-Week1 GPSC GPSC

2021-12-Week1 History/Culture🗿 His-Ancient/Medi

2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

IR-Border/Narco/
2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Naxal/Cyber

2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Russia


2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Russia

2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 IR-Russia

2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-12-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora

2021-12-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-12-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-12-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment


2021-12-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-12-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-12-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ 6-Health

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ 5-Infra-Communication

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-12-Week1 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2021-12-Week1 Science🧪 6-Corona😷


2021-12-Week1 Sports🏏 Awards🏆

2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-12-Week1 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


Title
- Death: NOBEL Peace winner Archbishop Desmond Tutu, South Africa's anti-apartheid icon. He
had received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984.
- EcoPil5-INFRA: Transport: Kerala’s SilverLine- a semi high-speed railway project between the
state's northern and southern ends. Protests related to environment/land acquisition. करेला में सिलवरलाइन
(रजत-रेखा) रेलवे प्रोजेक्ट
- EcoPill1C: electoral bonds: 2017 started. electoral bonds are interest-free bearer instruments
used to donate money to political parties. Denomination: Rs 1,000, Rs 10,000, Rs 1lakh, Rs 10
lakh,and Rs1crore. Where to buy? Only SBI. Who can buy? Companies registered in India and
citizens of India. Who can receive this gift/donation? Only the political parties registered in
Representation of the People Act, 1951 and which secured not less than 1% of the votes polled in
the last Lok Sabha or Vidhan Sabha election. चुनावी बॉन्ड की बिक्री वापस शुरू की जाएगी क्योंकि विधानसभा चुनाव आ रहे हैं.
- Environment/Biodiversity: Blackbuck National Park (BNP) in Velavadar of Bhavnagar district,
Gujarat. It is in Bhal, the low-lying region which is the delta of a number of rivers of Saurashtra
region. While swap deers can move thru marshlands and swaps, the blackbucks find it difficult. They
cannot swim for long-distance. So, they get hunted by wild-dogs. Between 2011 and 2021, as many
as 111 blackbucks died in floods/dog attacks. So Forest Department is creating mud tracks for them.
काले हिरण में बाढ़ के दौरान कीचड़ में ज़्यादा चल नहीं सकते और जंगली कु त्तों का शिकार बनते हैं। इसलिए वेदावडर राष्ट्रीय उद्यान में मिट्टी की कु छ चट्टाने बनायी
जा रही है।
- History- FREEDOM struggle- SHIROMANI Akali Dal (SAD) founded a year after the Jallianwala
Bagh massacre, is celebrating 100 years of its foundation. SAD was formed as a volunteer group on
December 14, 1920 to free gurdwaras from the control of mahants (priests) appointed by the British
government,
- History/Culture: Odisha’s Sun Temple Built by King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga
dynasty from 1238-1250 CE. It is a 13th century late-style Kalingan temple. 118 years ago, the
british authorities had sealed assembly hall, known as Jagamohan and filled it up with send to
prevent it from collapsing. Now, ARCHAEOLOGICAL Survey of India is working on a preliminary
roadmap to safely remove sand from the interiors of Odisha’s Sun Temple, ओडिशा के सूर्य मंदिर का एक हिस्सा
जिसमें अंग्रेजों ने रेती/बालू भर दी थी ताकि वो ढह न जाए, उसे वापस खोला जा रहा है.
- IR/Defense: India-Sri Lanka- 1) Plan for joint development of the Trincomalee oil tank farm. 2)
Sri Lanka's relationship with China has soured after Srilanka cancelled a large order of fertilisers due
to money problem. 3) international ratings agency Fitch downgraded Sri Lanka from CC to CCC,
warning that the country was likely to default on two international sovereign bonds. So it is
inevitable that now Sri Lanka will try to cosy up relationships with India due to financial problems.
श्रीलंका को पैसों के वांधे चल रहै है इसलिए भारत की गोद में बैठना चाहता है
- IR/Defense: Taliban: GOVERNMENT IS inviting the leaders of the five Central Asian countries —
Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan — as guests for Republic Day on
January 26. 😍 4Cs” concept that External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar presented at the event —
commerce, capacity enhancement, con- nectivity, and contact being the four pillars of a new
geoeconomic partnership. 😍 transit and transport, logistics network, re- gional and international
transport corridors, free trade agreements, manufacturing industry and job creation वही सब पुराने मुद्दे जारी
है। मध्य एशिया के देशों के साथ रिश्ते बेहतर करने से हमें क्या सामरिक और आर्थिक फ़ायदे हो सकते हैं
- Polity: 6-Rights: Marriage age- In the 19th century, the marriageable age for women was 10
years. By 1940, it was increased to 12-14 years. In 1978, raised to age of 15. After Jaya Jaitley
Taskforce- govt introduced to PROHIBITION of Child Marriage (Amendment) Bill, 2021, 1) seeks to
raise the age of legal marriage for women from 18 to 21. 😍 proposed to define a child states: '(a)
"child" means a male or female who has not completed twenty-one years of age'. 😍 It will apply to
all communities in the country and will supersede existing marriage and personal laws e.g. Indian
Christian Marriage Act, 1872; the Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936; the Muslim Personal Law
(Shariat) Application Act, 1937; the Special Marriage Act, 1954; the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955; and
the Foreign Marriage Act, 1969. Counter argument- 😥 marriages will be underground unless girls
education job opportunities improved 😥 religious freedom of Muslims. 😥 The policing of young
women’s sexual choices till age of 21 by the family members will grow. वही सब पुराने मुद्दे जारी है की लड़कियों की
न्यूनतम विवाह आयु को बढ़ाकर 21 साल किया जाए तो उसमें क्या फ़ायदे और चुनौतियाँ है

- Polity: Election-Common Electoral Rolls- The process for making electoral rolls is laid down in the
Registration of Electors Rules, 1960 1) ECI that conducts the Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections.
2) SECs that conduct panchayat and municipal elections. 3) The SECs have the option of either
adopting the electoral rolls created by the ECI or preparing such rolls on their own. Most prefer to
use the rolls prepared by the ECI. 😥 4) Some states, however, develop their rolls independently e.g.
Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Odisha, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland
and the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. 5) sometimes a voter registered in Lok Sabha, finds
his name missing in SLA. So, a common electoral roll is thus a logical solution. 😍 A common
electoral roll will obviate the need for deploying schoolteachers for electoral work repeatedly,
besides saving enormous costs on academic work. संसद विधानसभा और पंचायती चुनावों में एक ही इलेक्टोरल रोल/ मतदाता
सूची का इस्तेमाल करने के फ़ायदे - पंजीकरण के लिए शिक्षकों को बार बार भेजना नहीं होगा। पैसे और समय की बचत होगी। वैसे तो कई राज्य कें द्र सरकार द्वारा
बनाए गए मतदाता सूची का ही इस्तेमाल कर लेते हैं लेकिन मध्य प्रदेश उत्तराखण्ड उत्तर प्रदेश जैसे कु छ राज्यों की नहीं कर रहे हैं तो उनको भी ऐसा करना
चाहिए।
- Sci- 6-Corona: New drug approvals 1) Corbevax- a protein subunit vaccine, by , Hyderabad-
based Biological E 2) Covavax, is also a protein subunit vaccine, but uses recombinant
nanoparticle technology. manufactured by Serum Institute of India (SII). 3) Oral pill: Molnupiravir,
by US firms Ridgeback Biotherapeutics and Merck, initially to treat influenza. But later also used for
oral antiviral candidate to treat Covid patients. It will be manufactured by 13 Indian drug makers: Dr
Reddy’s, Cipla, Sun Pharma, Torrent, etc. कोरोना के ख़िलाफ़ नई दवाइयों को अनुमति
- Sci-Corona: The reproduction number or R-Number, an indicator of how quickly a disease is
spreading in the population. An R value of 1, which signifies that every infected person is passing on
the infection to at least one person on an average. Both Delhi and Mumbai have R-values over 2
right now, meaning, one person is transmitting to more than two people on an average. IF R is
greater than 10 or 100 then person is a super-spreader e.g. vegetable seller / delivery boy. रीप्रोडक्शन
नंबर का मतलब है एक मरीज़ अन्य कितने लोगों को बीमार कर सकता है यदि यह आंकड़ा 1 से अधिक हो तो चिंता का विषय क्योंकि महामारी फै ल सकती है.
- Economy- 4B: Sectors-MFG/Services: Consumer Protection Act, 2019. “three-tier quasi-judicial
mechanism” for redress of consumer disputes: district commissions, state commissions, and the
national commission. Their hearing-limit has been changed in 2021: @District commission- upto Rs
1 crore ( → ⏬ upto 50lakh), state commissions Rs 1-to-10 crore ( → ⏬50l to 2cr), and national
commission above Rs 10 crore. ( → ⏬over 2cr). 😍 Reason for reducing the limits? Previously the
limits were bigger and as a result district and state commissions were burdened with too many cases
resulting into case pendency. ग्राहक सुरक्षा क़ानून में जिला राज्य और राष्ट्रीय ग्राहक अदालत इतने लाख रुपये तक के मामलों की सुनवाई कर
सकते हैं उन सीमाओं में सुधार किया गया.
- EcoPil5-INFRA: Communication- 5G or fifth generation is the latest upgrade in long-term evolution
(LTE) mobile broadband networks. It mainly works in three bands — low-, midand high-
frequency. 😍 1) the low-band spectrum: wide coverage but speed limited to 100 Mbps (megabits
per second). 😍 2) The mid-band spectrum offers higher speeds than low-band, but has limitated
coverage area. 😍 3) High-band offers the highest speed among the three bands @ 20 Gbps
(gigabits per second), but has extremely limited coverage and signal penetration strength.
- EcoPill6: HRD: Education Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA) 2021
by Education Ministry for ranking Centrally funded technical institutions (eg IITs, NITs, etc), State
Universities, State Standalone Technical colleges, Private Universities, Private Standalone Technical
Colleges, Non-Technical Government and Private Universities And Institutions. Rank1 given to IIT -
Madras, Panjab university, College of Engineering Pune etc. Applying for UGC net exam then Prepare
full list from (https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1786123)
- EcoPill6: HRD: Health- NITI Aayog health index for 2019-20- top-3: Kerala, TN, Telangana.
Bottom-3: UP (Bottomest), Bihar, MP. W.Bengal didn’t participate. Entities have been classified into
three categories (larger states, smaller states, and Union Territories) in the index. नीति आयोग का स्वास्थ्य
सूचकांक
- Geography- places in news: Robben Island (SOUTH AFRICA)- Nelson Mandela spent jail time as
political prisoner before becoming the country’s first democratically-elected president.
- Polity: Executive: 25th December is celebrated as good governance Day because it is the birthday
of Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. He wasalso awarded with Bharat Ratna (2014). And since
2014 government has started celebrating this day. अटल बिहारी वाजपेयी के जन्मदिवस को सुशासन दिवस के रूप में मनाया जाता
है
- Polity: Secularism- In Lakshadweep, Muslims population is 96% (Census-2011). Fridays have
been observed as a weekly holiday in schools on religious grounds. But, new UT govt order to cancel
Friday holiday to 'ensure optimum utilisation of resources' and to ensure 'proper engagement of
learners / syllabus completion. क्योंकि लक्षद्वीप में मुस्लिमों की एक बड़ी आबादी है इसलिए स्कू लों में शुक्रवार को छु ट्टी रखी जाती थी लेकिन
अब सरकार ने तय किया कि छु ट्टी रद्द की जाए ताकि ज़्यादा दिन पढ़ाई हो सके ।
- Polity: Women- 1) Andhra Pradesh’s Disha Act - death penalty for rape. 2) Maharashtra State’s
Shakti Criminal Laws (Maharashtra Amendment) Bill- for death penalty for rape, strict punishments
for acid attack. If social media company does not provide information to police for the investigation
they too will be penalised. आँध्र प्रदेश की तर्ज़ पर महाराष्ट्र में भी बलात्कार के के स में मृत्युदंड के लिए क़ानून
- Sci- 6 Health: AYUSH MINISTRY celebrated 23th Dec as Siddha Day. Siddha Day is observed on
the eve of the birthday of Tamil Saint Agathiyar, who is believed to be the founding father of Siddha
forms of medical treatment.
- EcoPil5-INFRA: Transport- Railway’s operating ratio means expenses divided by income. Presently
around 98% Railway aims to reduce it to 95% however CAG said that 1) calculation itself is wrong
because if we account the pension payment then operating ratio is 114% 2) Need to raise ticket
prices and reduce cost of operations
- Geography: Kuril islands near Sea of Okhotsk in Pacific Ocean. Both Russia and Japan have a
dispute over it
- Science- 6 Corona: Indian govt approves corona vaccination for 1) “3rd precautionary Dose”
(booster dose) for those who had taken second vaccine dose nine months ago (i.e. April 2021) that
is, mainly the healthcare and frontline workers. Precautionary doze will be of a different company’s
vaccine then the second dose. 2) Vaccines for 15-18 age group to from January-2022. (स्वास्थ्य कर्मियों को
एहतियाती रूप से तीसरा टीका। किशोरों को भी टिका)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Cairn drops retro tax lawsuits in US, UK. Already studied in Already covered in
Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series. Its Handout available at https://mrunal.org/download
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Expected economic recovery, and factors it will depend on. Let the next year's
economic survey come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ How NASA Webb Telescope will seek to unlock universe’s secrets. Already studied. If
ISRO developed then we’d have done more Ph.D.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ In meet with FM, states push for GST compensation extension by 5 years. Already
covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series. Its Handout available at
https://mrunal.org/download So, let some bigger development come
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Intermediaries to keep current a/c in suitable number of banks: IRDAI. All the
technical and operational guidelines related to insurance sector is not important for exam.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Lira caps historic week with big lift from Erdogan govt. Let the next year's economic
survey talk about the currency exchange trend.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Panel proposal to speed up resolution: 30 days for NCLTs to decide on plan. Let them
notify
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ RBI: Health of RBL Bank ‘stable’; shares still fall 18%. Individual banks game is not
important until something big happens.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Right to be forgotten: govt position, court rulings, and laws elsewhere। Already
studied this in past.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ The Consumer Protection (Direct Selling) Rules, 2021, as notified by the Consumer
Affairs Ministry. Let there be some explained series or economic survey comment
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Where is Cloudtail headed as Amazon gets ready to buy Catamaran stake in Prione
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Write-offs in Covid year helped banks reduce bad loans: RBI. Let next year's
economic survey come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Yield fails to attract dealers, RBI bond auction devolves. BOND Yield related PHD not
REQ.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ ZEEL, Sony seal deal to merge
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋‘Tokenisation’ in online transactions postponed by 6 months. Already studied.
- Books: Commissioner For Lost Causes By Arun Shouri
- Books: Rebels Against The Raj By Ramachandra Guha
- Books: The Living Mountain By Amitav Ghosh
- Books: The Penguin Book Of Modern Indian Poets By Jeet Thayil
- Cricket: Australia defeats England in the Ashes tournament
- Death: Edward Osborne Wilson. American biologist, WON PULITZER PRIZES FOR NON-FICTION.
Also nicknamed modern day Darwin. He wrote that all human behaviour was a product of genetic
predetermination, not learned experiences. उनका यह मानना था कि सभी मनुष्यों का व्यवहार असल में उनके रंग सूत्रों के हिसाब से
पहले से तय. मनुष्यों का व्यवहार अनुभव के आधार से नहीं.
- Death: Kerala/Malayalam filmmaker KS Sethumadhavan dies. Sethumadhavan received the JC
Daniel Award, the highest honour in the film sector instituted by the Kerala government. He,
directed movies in Malayalam Tamil, Telugu, and Hindi.
- Death: RAJYA Sabha MP Mahendra Prasad (JDU, Bihar), also known as King Mahendra.
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: FAN TOKENS are a type of NFT (nonfungible token) which is a
digital-only asset. Like Bitcoin and similar digital currencies, fan tokens are volatile assets and their
value can drastically change overnight. Fans can purchase said crypto tokens with real-world money
to gain access to digital content & sport-team related minor voting rights e.g. t-shirt color or mascot
for the football team. British authorities have forbidden the advertisements of fan tokens because
public not fully aware of the risks associated with the investment. यूरोप में फ़ु टबॉल स्पोर्ट्स क्लब अपने ग़ैर-फ़ं जीबल
क़िस्म के फ़ै न-टोकन जारी कर रहे हैं लेकिन इनके विज्ञापनों पर ब्रिटिश सरकार ने पाबंदी लगाइ है क्योंकि आम लोगों को ऐसे निवेश के साथ जुड़े हुए जोखिमों की
जानकारी नहीं है उनका पैसा डू ब सकता है.
- EcoPill1C: National Stock Exchange (NSE) launched “NSE Prime” Index. It will monitor the share
prices of a category of companies that agree to meet higher standards of corporate governance.
- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: Jharkhand’s State government to give petrol subsidy: DBT of Rs 25 per
litre for two-wheeler owner to those with ration cards. Max. Quota of 10 litres per family for two-
wheelers. 😥 1) many bogus beneficiaries who’re not actually poor. So, Need to link the ration card
data with Aadhaar data with vehicle registration data to ensure that only the genuine lower middle
class families and poor families benefit from it. 😥 2) shd encourage public transport / e-vehicles
instead of 2 wheeler usage. रेशन कार्डधारकों को झारखंड राज्य सरकार के प्रति लीटर 25 रुपया की सब्सिडी बैंक खाते में जमा करेगी.
प्रत्येक परिवार को महत्तम ढाई सौ रुपये प्रतिमाह दिए जाएंगे।
- Ethics: Corporate Ethics- Tesla electric car company had installed feature- car will drive an
automated mode, and driver can play video game on the tablet. But then US government
authorities said it will distract the driver, and increase the chances of the accident. So now Tesla
change the system. Moving car’s tablet-screens will not allow video games. 🤔Points to Reflect: just
to make a product more popular and appealing to masses, companies are releasing features that
endanger customers and people surrounding them. 🤔 2) Liberalisation and ease of doing business is
necessary for economic growth, but at the same time we cannot completely dismantle the regulatory
structure of the government. 🤔 3) during the corona outbreak Tesla did not stop its factory in
California which resulted in many workers getting in acted with Corona after massive outrage they
were forced to shut down the factory. Later Elon Musk moved the Tesla-HQ from California to Texas
where the factory-laws are liberal / pro-industralist. 🤔4) If state governments make too-liberal
factory laws in the name of competitive federalism, then also it endangers good governance /
welfare of workers. (गंजेड़ी इलोन मस्क ने टेस्ला गाडीमे वीडियो गेम खेला जा सके ऐसा फ़ीचर पेश किया था। लेकिन फिर अमेरिकी सरकार ने
आपत्ति जतायी कि, इससे तो वाहन दुर्घटना की जोखिम बढ़ जाएगी। तो फिर अब उसने ऐसा सॉफ़्टवेयर अपडेट दिया है कि जब गाड़ी चल रही होगी तब वीडियो
गेम वाला स्क्रीन काम नहीं करेगा। 🤔 कं पनियां बस लोगों को लुभाने के लिए अपना उत्पाद बेचने के लिए बिना सुरक्षा या जोखिमों की चिंता किए कु छ भी अंट-
शंट चीज़ें ईजाद कर रहे हैं बेच रहे हैं। हालाँकि आर्थिक वृद्धि के लिए उद्योगों पर नियंत्रण कम होनी चाहिए उदारीकरण होना चाहिए व्यापार में सुगमता होनी चाहिए
लेकिन संपूर्ण रूप से कोई सरकारी नियंत्रण हो ही नहीं वो उचित नहीं होगा। 🤔 कोरोना के दौरान जब फै क्ट्रियों को तालाबंदी का आदेश दिया गया था तब भी
गंजेडी इलोन मस्क ने कै लीफोर्निया में अपनी फ़ै क्ट्री बंद नहीं की थी। कई मज़दूरों को कोरोना हुआ था। फिर भारी विरोध के बाद उसे फै़क्टरी बंद करनी पड़ी। तो
नाराज़ इलोन मस्क ने टेस्ला कं पनी का मुख्यालय कै लिफोर्निया से ही स्थानांतरित कर के टैक्सास राज्य में लगाया, जहाँ पर उद्योगपतियों पर कम
सख़्तियाँ/पाबंधिया है। यानी अगर प्रतिस्पर्धी संघवाद के नाम पर राज्य ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा उदारीकरण करेंगे तो वो भी असल में एक मज़दूरों और जनता के लिए
उपयोगी नहीं होता है।)
- History/Culture: Ministry of Civil Aviation has written to Indian airlines and airport operators
urging them to play Indian music on board aircraft and airport. Because, jazz in American airlines or
Mozart in Austrian airlines and Arab music in an airline from the Middle East is played. But, Indian
airlines seldom play Indian music in the flight, whereas, our music has a rich heritage and culture
and it is one of the many things every Indian has a reason for (being) truly proud of it,” भारतीय विमानों में
और हवाई अड्डों में भारतीय संगीत बजाने के लिए नागरिक उड्डयन मंत्रालय ने कहा है
- IR/Defense: Border security- Home ministry sets up panel to look into withdrawal of AFSPA in
Nagaland. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India Vivek Joshi will head the five-
member committee. नागालैंड से आफस्पा क़ानून हटाना चाहिए की नहीं उसके लिए एक समिति का गठन ।
- PIN: Authors- Urdu poet Akbar Allahabadi (1920s) : Uttar Pradesh govt webpages renamed him
as Akbar Prayagraji.
- Polity: Election: Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2021 to link Aadhaar with electoral voter ID
card on ‘voluntary’ basis. 😍electoral roll data system will instantly alert the existence of previous
registration(s) whenever a person applies for new registration. This will help in cleaning duplicate
voters registered at multiple places. 😥2015: ECI tried a similar but Supreme Court stop it because
“the Aadhaar card Scheme is purely voluntary. 😥 if the linking is voluntarily then why would a bogus
voter tie a bell around his neck? He’d not link his aadhar card! 😥 Aadhaar is a proof of residence but
not proof of citizenship. But some illegal refugees will misuse it to get citizenship. 😥 if Aadhaar data
is hacked, ruling party could misuse it for finding out the pattern of voters in a particular locality.
Then they may be persecuted or given targeted ads to change perception. वही पुराने मुद्दे जारी है कि आधार कार्ड
को
- वोटर कार्ड केJudiciary-
Polity: साथ लिंक किया जाए तो क्या
National फ़ायदे औरInfrastructure
Judicial चुनौतियाँ Corporation (NJIC) - it aims to oversee the
judicial infrastructure across the country. Judicial infrastructure includes the physical premises of
courts, tribunals, lawyers’ chambers, web portal, court staff, judges etc. 😥Some critiques argue SC
will take away HC’s autonomy in supervising district courts by having its own NJIC. राष्ट्रीय न्यायिक बुनियादी
अवसंरचना निगम- सुप्रीम कोर्ट ऐसी एक संस्था बनवाना चाहती है जोकि पूरे भारत के जिला अदालत हाईकोर्ट सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सभी बुनियादी अवसंरचना- जैसे कि
अदालत की ज़मीन, इमारत वकीलों को दिए जाने वाले चैम्बर इत्यादि की प्रबंधन का काम देखें लेकिन आलोचक मानते हैं कि इसे हाईकोर्ट की स्वायत्तता पर
असर होगी।
- Polity: Legislature- As per the Maharashtra Assembly Rules: Speaker elections should be held by
ballot. But Rules Committee of the Vidhan Sabha proposed that the Speaker be voted through a
voice vote instead of a secret ballot. Governor is opposed to this idea ke it is violation of the article
208 of the Constitution. so there is a logjam. Article 208 deals with rules of Legislature. हालाँकि विधानसभा
में स्पीकर का चुनाव गुप्त-मतदान से होता है लेकिन महाराष्ट्र विधानसभा की नियम समिति ऐसा नियम बना रही है कि मौखिक मतदान से ये किया जाए लेकिन
गवर्नर इसका विरोध कर रहे हैं। कि संवैधानिक प्रावधानों के ख़िलाफ़ है
- Sci-Corona: Spanish Flu of 1918-20 had three distinct waves. over 500 million people were
infected and about 100 million died. 😥 Although the pandemic subsided, the viruses didn’t go away;
a descendant of the Spanish Flu virus, the contemporary H1N1, is circulating even today. 😥 Human
behaviour and interactions also affect viral spread. In India, during the monsoons, due to crowding,
a spike in vector-borne diseases (dengue and malaria) is common. 😥 school closings during summer
and winter have been linked to reduced social contacts, and thereby reduction in influenza cases. 😍
level of immunity in the community (herd immunity) also plays a role in the spread of respiratory
disease. 🤔 So, postpandemic world is not likely to be one with “zero-Covid” (unlike Plague,
Smallpox). 🤔 Pandemics end not when disease transmission ceases, but rather when the disease
ceases to be newsworthy in the eyes of the public and in the judgement of media and political
leaders who mould our attention and opinions. श्वसन तंत्र की महामारी कभी भी संपूर्ण रूप से ख़त्म नहीं होती. स्पेनिश फ़्लू में भी
तीन लहरें आयी थी उसके बाद धीरे धीरे मामलों में कमी हुई लेकिन वो संपूर्ण रूप से ख़त्म तो नहीं हुआ इसलिए महामारी का ख़त मतलब नहीं होगा जब आंकड़ा
ज़ीरो हो जाए बल्कि तब होगा जब उसकी मामले इतने कम हो जाए कि मीडिया और नेताओं की चर्चा का विषय न बने.
- Science: Space-tech NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope to be successor of Hubble Telescope.
Webb is an infrared telescope, and can see distant objects which are very dim at visible wavelengths
of light.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ SEBI EXTENDS ANCHOR INVESTORS’ LOCK-IN TO 90 DAYS FOR HALF OF QUOTA
Stricter IPO norms: Cap on proceeds for future acquisitions, corporate use. Technical guidelines not
important for exam.
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: Tokenisation means to replacement of actual credit and debit card
details with an alternate code called the “token”. 😍 A tokenised card transaction is considered safer
as the actual card details are not shared with merchant websites. 😥 Customers who do not have the
tokenisation facility will have to key in their name, 16-digit card number, expiry date and CVV each
time they order something online. 🤔 Reserve Bank had ordered the payment system providers in
merchant websites to delete the user data and start implementing tokenisation system from 2022-
Jan. 😥 But the companies were not yet prepared so reserve Bank is extending the deadline. किसी
भुगतान के दौरान अपना वास्तविक क्रे डिट कार्ड या डेबिट कार्ड देने की जगह ग्राहक, एक टोकन नंबर का इस्तेमाल करें ताकि उसका डेटा चोरी होने का /हैकिं ग
होने का ख़तरा कम हो जाएगा. रिज़र्व बैंक कु छ ऐसे दिशा निर्देश अगले साल से लागू करने वाला था. लेकिन कार्ड कं पनियों ने और व्यापारिक वेबसाइटों ने कहा है
कि अभी हमें और वक़्त चाहिए ये सिस्टम मैं स्थानांतरण करने में.
- EcoPill6: HRD: income inequality- For PSU banks,CEOs earn 3 times the typical employee, while
the 67 times in the private banks. निजी बैंकों में CEO और सामान्य कर्मचारी की तनख़्वाह में काफ़ी असामनता है
- Ethics: Corruption- A Railway engineer arrested for trying to sell off vintage steam engine as scrap
in Bihar. Greed for money is turning officers blind towards their responsibilities. 2) violation of
fundamental duty - To safeguard public property. रेलवे के ऐतिहासिक धरोहर के रूप में बचाए गए पुराने एंजिन को भ्रष्ट अफ़सरों
द्वारा कबाड़ी में बेचा गया, पैसों की इतनी भूख है कि अपनी ऐतिहासिक धरोहर भी हम कबाड़ी भी बेच देते हैं।
- Ethics: Corruption/Politics- few years back SOUTH KOREA’S former President Park Geun-hye was
impeached and jailed for corruption. 2021- New President Moon Jae-in granted a pardon citing 🤔 1)
pardon is meant to promote national unity in the face of difficulties brought by the pandemic. 🤔 2)
her health is bad. She deserves compassion. 🤔 3) It’s “masterstroke” to divide opposition parties’
votes. 😥 if someone is convicted for corruption, he should remain in the jail. For political compulsion
bringing them out sent a wrong precedent to other politicians. दक्षिण कोरिया की भूतपूर्व राष्ट्रपति का महाभियोग हुआ था
और उसे जेल में भेजा गया था भ्रष्टाचार के आरोप में हालाँकि नए राष्ट्रपति ने उसको माफ़ी देकर रिहा करवा दिया है क्योंकि आधिकारिक रूप से ये बताया गया है
कि महामारी के चलते अब राष्ट्रीय एकता में बढ़ोतरी के लिए यह ज़रूरी है. और वैसे भी ये बूढ़ी महिला की तबीयत अब नादुरुस्त है तो दया और अनुकं पा के लिए
भी ये किया गया है। हालाँकि आलोचकों का मानना है कि विपक्ष की वोट में बँटवारा करने के लिए ये मास्टर स्ट्रोक खेला गया है। अगर चुनावी समीकरणों को देखते
हुए भ्रष्ट राजनेताओं को भी जेल से रिहा कर दिया जाए ज़मानत पर छोड़ दिया जाए माफ़ी दे दी जाए तो फिर भविष्य में नौजवान नेताओं ने भ्रष्टाचार करने के
हौसले और बुलंद हो जाते हैं कि हमारा कोई कु छ ख़ास नहीं सकता।
- Ethics: Quote- If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the
oppressor. — DESMOND TUTU (S.Africa, Nobel Peace)
- GPSC: Dhanvantari Rath services, by AHMEDABAD Municipal Corporation (AMC). It is a mobile
van dedicated for Covid OPD, from Wednesday.
- GPSC: e-Governance module: 1) Health Service Management Centre (HSMC) for monitoring
various national and state-level health schemes. 2) Gujarat Epidemic Response Management
Information System (GERMIS)- for monitering pandemic outbreaks and response.
- IR/Defense: CHINA is changing names of places/mountains in Arunachal Pradesh in their website
(They call it South Tibet) is part of its strategy to reiterate territorial claims with India. Indian
government has reacted sharply, “Arunanchal is an integral part of India and China assigning
invented names to places...does not alter this fact”. चीन की वेबसाइट ने अरुणाचल प्रदेश के कु छ इलाकों का नाम बदला गया है
जिस पर भारत सरकार नेPAKISTAN’s
- IR/Defense: एतराज़ जताया है first-ever
कि आपके नामNational
बदलने के बावजुद भी वो इलाक़ा
Security Policyहमारा
thatही emphasised
रहता है. that economic
progress should be at the centre of national security. पाकिस्तान ने अपनी राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा नीति ज़ाहिर की जहाँ पर आर्थिक तरक़्क़ी
को राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा का कें द्रबिंदु माना गया है. वैसे भी आतंक फै लाकर ही तो अमेरिका से उसको पैसा मिलता है तो उस हिसाब से ही उनके लिए आतंकवादी की
आर्थिक तरक़्क़ी का साधन है।
- PIN-Books/Awards: Sahitya Akademi Award 2021 (₹1 lakh prize): Namita Gokhale, Tamil writer
Ambai. Kannada biographer DS Nagabhushan, Telugu poet Goreti Venkanna, and English author
Namita Gokhale, Mwdai Gahai (Bodo), Sanjiv Verenkar (Konkani), Hrushikesl Mallick (Odia),
Meethesh Nirmohi (Rajasthani), Vindeshwariprasad Nishr (Sanskrit), Arjun Chawla (Sindhi), Raj Rahi
(Dogri), Kiran Gurav (Marathi), Khalid Hussain (Punjabi), Niranjan Hansda (Santali), Anuradha Sarma
Pujari (Assamese), George Onakkoor (Malayalam), Bratya Basu (Bengali), Daya Prakash Sinha
(Hindi), Wali Muhammad Aseer Kishtwari (Kashmiri), Chhabilal Upadhyaya (Nepali).
- Polity: 6-Rights issues- Marriage/ comparing constitutional systems: SRI LANKA if foreigners
wish to marry local residents, they must get clearance from the Defence Ministry (that foreigner is
not convicted of any offence in the last six months) Justification 🤔 1) prevent local girls from getting
duped/dumped/domestic violence 🤔 2) increasing numbers of drug peddling by foreigners who
have married Sri Lankans. In India, government issues advisory to the parents/brides about the NRI
husbands who dump/abuse them. But there is no legal compulsion to seek clearance from the
defence Ministry. श्रीलंका सरकार ने विदेशियों को स्थानीय लोगों से विवाह से पहले रक्षा मंत्रालय से अनुमति लेनी होगी कि पिछले छह महीने में वे
किसी भी जुर्म में अपराधी साबित नहीं हुए थे. श्रीलंका सरकार ने इस क़दम को जायज़ ठहराया है क्योंकि विदेशियों द्वारा स्थानीय लोगों को बहला फु सलाकर
उनसे शादी करना और नशीली दवाओं की तस्करी के मामले बढ़ रहे हे.

- Polity: comparing Constitution- election: China has one nation two systems- that it A) china
mainland has different system of election and trade relations whereas B) Macau (Previously under
Portuguese control) and Hongkong (previously under the british control) are treated as Special
administrative regions. Under the principle, Macau and HongKong could continue to have its own
governmental system, legal, financial affairs, trade relations with foreign countries. 2020- Chinese
government passed a law to revert Hong Kong to the Mainland to ensure “one nation one system”.
Protest going on. 2021- elections were held in Hong Kong but only Patriots are allowed to file
nomination. i.e. every candidate wanting to contest election in Hong Kong will have to get approval
from the Beijing government. Therefore, is the election is known as “Patriot Only” polls. 🤔Points to
Reflect: In China, patriotism means ‘alliance/loyalty to the ruling Communist party’. Anyone opposed
to them, is automatically deemed as ‘unpatriotic’ and thus disbarred from contesting election.
compared to that, in India candidate is NOT required to produce certificate of Patriotism. So, no
matter what type of things he has written in Facebook / Twitter, against ruling party, he can contest
election. therefore we should be proud for our Indian democracy चीन में एक देश और दो प्रणाली व्यवस्था के अंतर्गत
चीन की मुख्य भूमि पर चुनाव बजट विदेश नीति का एक रुख़ रहता है जबकि मकाऊ और होंगकोंग को इसमें कु छ स्वायत्ता दी गई है। हालाँकि चीनी सरकार
होंकोंग को वापस मुख्य भूमि में शामिल करना चाहती है, इसलिए पिछले कु छ वर्षों से वहाँ लोकतंत्र की आंदोलन चल रहा है। हांगकांग में चुनाव होने वाले थे लेकिन
चीन की सरकार ने नियम बनाया कि के वल देश भक्त लोगों को ही नामांकन भरने दिया जाएगा। यानी कि हांगकांग की मैं चुनाव लड़ने की इच्छा रखने वाले
उम्मीदवार ने बीजिंग से “मैं देशभक्त हूँ” ऐसा सर्टिफ़िके ट लेकर आना होगा तभी वो नामांकन पत्र भर सकता है। जबकि भारतीय चुनाव में ऐसा कोई “देश भक्ति का
सर्टिफ़िके ट” नहीं लाना होता. चाहे किसी व्यक्ति ने सोशल मीडिया पर सत्ता पक्ष, हिंदू मुस्लिम, श्रीराम, पयगंबर, गांधी-नहेरू के बारे मे कु छ भी लिखा हो, वो
चुनाव लड़ सकते हैं। इसलिए हमें अपने लोकतंत्र पर गर्व होना चाहिए।
- Polity: E-Governance: Odisha rice / paddy MSP Procurement irregularities → farmers are given
online token numbers and accordingly they will be able to sell rice@MSP. 😥 but then fake persons
also registering as farmers on the government web portal and collecting the tokens and engaging in
black marketing practices. 😍solution: satellite mapping for weeding out the fake farmers who are
showing ponds/forest as their farmland. चावल की सरकारी ख़रीद में उड़ीसा के किसानों को टोकन नंबर दिए जाते थे लेकिन फ़र्ज़ी
किसान भी फ़र्ज़ीवाड़े से ऑनलाइन टोकन मैं अपना पंजीकरण करवा लेते और फिर वास्तविक में जो किसान है उसे ब्लैक में वो टोकन बेचते थे. फ़र्ज़ी किसानों को
हटाने के लिए ओडिशा सरकार द्वारा सैटेलाइट मैपिंग किया जा रहा है ताकि ऐसी फ़र्ज़ी किसान जो नदियों और जंगलों को अपने खेत बता रहे हैं उन्हें हटाया जाए.
- Polity: Election: Allahabad Court urged the Prime Minister to postpone the upcoming Uttar
Pradesh Assembly polls due to the threat of the Omicron variant of Covid-19. 😥 Previously
W.Bengal election mass rally had aggravated Corona Wave 2.0 in May-2021. 🤔 Chief Election
Commissioner Sushil Chandra said the Election Commission would be visiting UP for assessment. 😥
Next year Goa, Manipur, Punjab and Uttarakhand and UP will have Vidan Sabha Elections. इलाहाबाद
हाईकोर्ट ने प्रधानमंत्री को कहा है कि आने वाले उत्तर प्रदेश विधानसभा चुनावों को टाला जाए क्योंकि तीसरी लहर का ख़तरा हो सकता है. मुख्य चुनाव आयुक्त
ने बताया है कि वो उत्तर प्रदेश का दौरा करेंगे और जायज़ा लेंगे कि चुनाव करने चाहिए की नहीं
- Polity: Executive/Governance/Civil Services: British finance ministry announced cut thousands of
civil services jobs to reduce budget expenditure by 5% in the next three years. 🤔Points to Reflect:
1) in India too, Govt is cutting down the vacancies but without openly admitting it. 2) reduction in
the number of officers → ⏫work pressure on individual officer → ⏬ affects the good governance
and performance of civil services. (ब्रिटेन के वित् मंत्रालय ने हज़ारों सरकारी नौकरियों की कटौती की है क्योंकि उन्हें सरकारी पैसे बचाने हैं
लेकिन ऐसा करने पर सुशासन को असर होती है क्योंकि बाक़ी बचे सरकारी अफ़सरों पर कारोबार बहुत बढ़ जाता है तो वो अच्छे प्रदर्शन नहीं कर पाते।)
- Polity: Judicial Delays- Legislature: Bihar Prohibition Act 2016 resulted in the High Court being
clogged with bail applications. Because of this, a simple bail application takes one year to be
disposed of.” Similar problems in Gujarat Land Grabbing Act- when it is meant for combating the
land mafia but too many cases lodged against poor marginalised communities / farzi cases to settle
personal vendetta. 😥 A lack of foresight in legislating can directly result in the clogging of courts. 😥
Unrefined law leads to a mushrooming of litigation. Way forward? 🤔 1) A proposed law can only be
refined through the involvement of all stakeholders and through meaningful debate. 🤔 2)
Parliament Standing Committee system to “enhance scrutiny of Bills” - said CJI (बिना सोच विचार शुद्धीकरण के
क़ानून बनाया जाए तो बेफिजूल में मुकदमेबाजी बढ़ती है, और ज़मानत अर्जियों के चलते अदालतों का कार्य बोझ बढ़ जाता है। जैसे कि बिहार ने शराब बंदी क़ानून,
गुजरात का ज़मीन हड़प विरोधी क़ानून। इसलिए चीफ़ जस्टिस ऑफ़ इंडिया ने कहा है कि क़ानून बनाने से पहले सभी हितधारकों से विमर्श करना चाहिए और
संसद की स्थायी समिति द्वारा विधेयक की और बारीकी से जाँच करवानी चाहिए।)
- Polity: PRI/ local governance: In Gujarat, the district panchayats and taluka panchayat members
are not given any salary because it is deemed to be a social service but then such elected
representatives engage in corrupt practises. So one MLA has requested the state government to give
salary to such elected representatives in local bodies to prevent corruption. गुजरात में जिला पंचायत और तालुक़ा
पंचायत के सदस्यों को कोई तनख़्वाह नहीं दी जाती है क्योंकि वो एक प्रकार से सामाजिक सेवा मानी जाती है। हालाँकि यदि व्यक्ति को वेतन को नहीं मिल रही,
तो फिर भ्रष्टाचार द्वारा पैसे कमाने की इच्छा और प्रबल हो जाती है इसलिए सरकार उन्हें तनख़्वाह दे ऐसी माँग हो रही है।
- Polity: Secularism: NGOs need to get clearance from Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA)
before they can accept foreign donations. Union Govt refused to to renew the registration of the
mother Teresa's Missionaries of Charity organization, so now it’s banned from recieving foreign
funding. मदर टेरेसा के संस्था को विदेश से चंदा लेने की मनाही की गई सरकार द्वारा
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ RBI red flags signs of stress in MSMEs, bad loans likely to rise. Add the economic
survey come with the latest data on bad loans next year.
- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation:- Fiscal prudence: Govt to merge four public-funded institutions — the
Films Division (FD), National Film Archive of India (NFAI), Directorate of Film Festivals (DFF), and
Children’s Films Society of India (CFSI). Reason? Cost cutting. 😥Criticism: National Film Archive of
India (NFAI) preserved first Indian film, Raja Harishchandra (1913) and the first talkie AlamAra,
(1931). In the name of cost cutting, small-film makers will suffer because they will not get enough
financial support from the government organisations. फ़िल्म प्रोत्साहन से जुड़े थे कु छ चार सरकारी संस्थानों का भारत सरकार
एकीकरण कर रही है पैसा बचाने के लिए।
- IR/Defense: Defense: Russian Kalibr cruise missile to be used in submarine. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Every
missile developed is not important unless India decides to purchase it for it is creating security
challenges for India.
- IR/Defense: Diaspora- Canada’s highest civilian award “Order of Canada” given to 3 Indians- 1-
Scientist Dr Vaikuntam Iyer Lakshmanan; 2-real estate mogul Navjeet Bob Singh Dhillon, 3-
paediatrician dr Pradeep merchant भारतीय मूल के लोगों को कनाडा में सर्वोच्च नागरिक पुरस्कार
- IR/Defense: Pakistan has acquired a 25 J-10C fighter jets from China in response to India’s
purchase of Rafale aircraft,
- Polity: Judicial Delays/Executive- Public prosecutors in India have been under the control of the
Government” and “hence it is not a surprise that they do not act independently”. 😥 They do nothing
to prevent frivolous and non-deserving cases from reaching the courts. 😥 Public prosecutors
automatically oppose bail applications, without independently applying their mind. 😥 if govt
defeated in lower court, they automatically appeal to higher courts, even if there is no merit in
appeal. 😥 Public prosecutors attempt to suppress evidence during trial, which could benefit the
accused. Way forward? 🤔 need to liberate the institution of public prosecutors 2) 🤔“total
independence must be granted to public prosecutors, and to make them answerable only to the
courts”. (चीफ़ जस्टिस ऑफ़ इंडिया नि पाया कि भारत में सरकारी वकीलों के पद को ज़्यादा स्वतंत्रता देने की ज़रूरत है क्योंकि वर्तमान समय में वो सत्ता
पक्ष में सरकार को जवाबदेंह होते हैं। इसलिए 😥 यदि निचली अदालत में सरकारी पक्ष हार जाए तो वो अपने आप ही ऊपर की अदालत में अपील याचिका दायर
कर देते हैं भले ही उसमें कोई दम न हो जिससे बेफ़िज़ूल मे ऊपरी अदालतों का कार्य बोझ बढ़ता है. 😥 सरकारी वक़ील बिना दिमाग़ ख़र्च किए हर एक ज़मानत
अर्ज़ी का विरोध करते रहते हैं। 😥 सरकारी वक़ील ऐसे सुबूतों को छिपाते हैं जिससे बचाव पक्ष को फ़ायदा हो सके । इसलिए सरकारी वक़ील के पद को स्वतंत्रता
दी जाए वो के वल अदालत को जवाबदेह होना चाहिए न कि सरकार को।)
- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: RBI brings NBFCs under prompt corrective action (PCA) framework. RBI to
monitor NBFCs on certain parameters like 1) non-performing assets, 2) BASEL-capital adequacy ratio
3) BASEL- Tier 1 capital. Accordingly, NBFCs will be classified in risk category1-2-3. Higher risk,
higher restrictions e.g. 1) restriction on branch expansion 2) halt on dividend distribution, 3)
promoters will be asked to infuse capital in NBFC etc. 4) Prohibition on spending money on anything
other than technology upgrades 😍From 1/10/2022: Applicable on - deposit-takingNBFCs. But ✋Not
Applicable- government NBFCs, primary dealers and housing finance companies (HFC), non-deposit
taking NBFCs. रिज़र्व बैंक का त्वरित सुधारात्मक कार्रवाई (पीसीए) ढाँचा। मूल रूप से तो ये बैंकों पर लगता था लेकिन अगले साल से डिपॉज़िट लेने वाली
NBFC कं पनियों पर भी लगेगा। ऐसी कं पनियों की अनर्जक परिसंपत्तियां, पूँजी इत्यादि की स्थिति देखते हुए उन्हें जोखिम के तीन श्रेणियों में विभाजित किया
जाएगा। और फिर उस हिसाब से उन्हें नई शाखाएं खोलने पर पाबंदी, शेयरधारकों को लाभांश डिविडेंड देने पर पाबंदी, कं पनी मालिकों को कहा जाए अपनी जेब से
और पूंजी डालो, कं पनी को कम्प्यूटर टैक्नोलॉजी के अलावा कोई नया ख़र्च करने दिया जाए- जैसी विविध सीमाएँ रिज़र्व बेंक बना सकता है।
- EcoPill1C-Sharemarket: Algo trading refers to automated computer generated at super speed using
advanced mathematical models involving automated buying/selling of shares/bonds etc. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋
Algo trading pe SEBI’s draft framework.
- Ethics- Leadership / Wolf in Sheep’s hide: Ethiopia’s prime minister, Abiy Ahmed signed peace-
deal/ cease-fire with Eritrea leader. He was given 2019’s Nobel Peace Prize. But later evidences
show, that he signed treaty to secretly plot a course for war against their mutual foes in Tigray
region. So, PM is not ‘peaceful’. He had been planning war since a long time. (भेड़ की खाल में भेड़िया-
इथियोपिया के प्रधानमंत्री को अपने शत्रु राष्ट्र एरित्रिया देश के साथ शांति समझौता करने के लिए नोबेल शांति पुरस्कार मिला था ।लेकिन बाद में चला बाद कि
असल में तो इस ये प्रधानमंत्री अपनी एक तीसरे दुश्मन (टिगरे इलाक़े के बागीयो/विद्रोहीयो) से युद्ध करने वास्ते अपने शत्रु एरित्रिया देश के साथ शांति समझौता
किया था, क्योंकि दुश्मन का दुश्मन दोस्त होता है। यानी कि वो असल में शांतिप्रिय नेता नहीं है। )
- Geography- places in news: River Seine- France to host Paris Olympic GRAND OPENING program
with boats to ferry athletes on this river.
- Geography: Goa on state’s liberation day December 19 from Portuguese rule 60 years ago 2) Fort
Aguada Jail Museum wherein number of freedom fighters were imprisoned.
-Geography: Bangladesh- Sri Ramna Kali Mandir destroyed by Pakistan’s Army’s ‘Operation
Searchlight’ in 1971. 2021-President of India inaugurated the innovated Temple.
- History/Culture: UNESCO'S Intangible Cultural Heritage list includes 13 entries from India. These
include: Kumbh Mela (2017); Nowruz (2016); traditional brass and copper utensil-making among the
Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab (2014); Sankirtana of Manipur (2013); Buddhist chanting of
Ladakh (2012); Chhau dance, Kalbelia dance of Rajasthan, and Mudiyettu of Kerala (2010). LATEST
Entry 2021-“Durga Puja in Kolkata”. Although celebrated across the country — notably in Tripura,
Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Assam, Maharashtra, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh — and in neighbouring
Bangladesh, - but of the 10-day annual Sharodotsav festival is in Kolkata, is most spectacular.
😍“cultural heritage does not end at monuments and collections of objects", but “also includes
traditions or living expressions inherited from our ancestors - that’s why intangible cultural heritage
list is prepared. यूनेस्को की अमूर्त सांस्कृ तिक विरासत सूची मैं कलकत्ता की दुर्गा पूजा को शामिल किया गया।
- Award: Bhutan conferred its highest civilian decoration ‘Order of the Druk Gyalpo’ on Prime
Minister Narendra Modi.
- Polity: Federalism- Sixth Schedule under Article 244 applies to the states of AMTM- Assam (3
councils), Meghalaya (3 councils), Mizoram (3 Councils), and Tripura (one Council). 2) These
Autonomous District Councils (ADCs) — that have some legislative, judicial, and administrative
autonomy within a state. 3) Such ADC have up to 30 members with a term of five years, and can
make laws, rules and regulations with regard to land, forest, water, agriculture, village councils,
health, sanitation, village and town-level policing, inheritance, marriage and divorce, social customs
and mining, etc. 4) The Bodoland Territorial Council in Assam is an exception with over 40 members.
5) UT of Ladakh also wants 6th schedule status. 6) 2019: National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
recommended the inclusion of Ladakh under the Sixth Schedule, noting that the new UT was
predominantly tribal (more than 97%). So, people from other parts of the country need to be
restricted from purchasing or acquiring land there, and its distinct cultural heritage needed
preservation. 😥 Notably, no region outside the Northeast has been included in the Sixth Schedule.
In fact, even Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh are also not in the Sixth Schedule. 🤔 Sixth Schedule
is for the Northeast. For tribal areas in the rest of the country, there is the Fifth Schedule. So
Ladakh’s inclusion in 6th Schedule is difficult. 🤔 However, it remains the prerogative of the
government — it can, if it so decides, bring a Bill to amend the Constitution for this purpose. 🤔
Presently, Ladakh UT has two Hill councils in Leh and Kargil, but neither is under the Sixth Schedule.
Their powers are limited to collection of some local taxes such as parking fees and allotment and use
of land vested by the Centre. (छठी अनुसूची में असम मेघालय मिज़ोरम त्रिपुरा शामिल हैं तो यहाँ कु छ स्वायत्त जिला परिषद ही बनायी जाती है
जिनको ज़मीन, जंगल, पानी, शादी ब्याह इत्यादि के क़ानून बनाने की सत्ता दी गई है। लद्दाख जोकि एक के न्द्र शासित प्रदेश है वहाँ पर भी लेह और कारगिल ने
पहाड़ी परिषद तो हैं, लेकिन उनके पास ऐसी संविधानिक सत्ता नहीं है। तो वे इसकी माँग कर रहे हैं हालाँकि संवैधानिक विशेषज्ञों का कहना है कि छठी अनुसूची
के वल उत्तर पूर्व के राज्यों के लिए है तो लगता है उसको तो पाँचवी अनुसूची में रख सकते हैं )
- Polity: Federalism- Water-sharing: SUPREME Court on asked the Kerala and Tamil Nadu
governments to take their grievances regarding the Mullaperiyar dam first to the Supervisory
Committee appointed by it instead of approaching the SC every time. Dam is on river Periyar, which
flows into Kerala after originating in Tamil Nadu. The dam is at the centre of a decades-old dispute:
for Kerala, where it is situated, the dam presents a threat to lakhs living downstream; and for Tamil
Nadu, which controls the dam, the water it provides is the lifeline of people in five districts. के रल और
तमिलनाडु के बीच मुल्लापेरियार बाँध के बारे में हर छोटी चीज़ की शिकायत लेके हमारे पास मत आओ, उस बांध की जो निरीक्षक समिति हे, उसमें पहले शिकायत
करो ऐसा सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने दोनों राज्यों को बोला है. तमिलनाडु को ये बाँध पसंद है क्योंकि वहाँ से उनको पानी मिलता है जबकि के रल हमेशा चिंतित रहता है कि ये
बाँध टू ट जाएगा और हमारे लोगों के घर डू ब जाएंगे
- Polity: Secularism- TAMIL Nadu government has declared Tamil Thai Vaazhthu, a prayer song sung
in praise of Mother Tamil, as the State Song. CM has directed that everyone present during the
rendition of the song- shd remain standing- except PH. 🤔 earlier court judgement said that- Tamil
Thai Vaazhthu “is a prayer song and not an Anthem. So, if a person is may be sitting in a state of
meditation- still is assumed that it is he is giving respect to the prayer.” (तमिलनाडु की राज्य गीत के पठन दौरान
सभी लोगों ने खड़ा रहना होगा ऐसा मुख्यमंत्री ने आदेश दिया है। 🤔 हालाँकि इससे पहले कोर्ट द्वारा ये पाया गया था कि ये जो गीत है वो प्रार्थना गीत है। प्रार्थना
गीत में खड़ा रहना ज़रूरी नहीं है ।व्यक्ति ध्यान मुद्रा में बैठा है तो भी वो प्रार्थना का सम्मान ही कर रहा है)
- Polity: separation of powers/Judiciary/Environment versus development/defense: SC judgement on
optimal width for hill highways. SC has allowed Char Dham road widening project for faster/safer
movement of army towards Chinese border/Nelong Axis, Mana Pass, Rimkhim Pass, Niti Pass and
Lipulekh Pass”. 😍 Need to maintain delicate balance” between environmental considerations
security concerns. 😍 Government of India, is entitled to decide on the operational requirements of
the Armed Forces such as- infrastructural support needed for facilitating the movement of troops,
equipment and machines”. 😍 Courts in its exercise of judicial review, cannot second-guess the
infrastructural needs of the Armed Forces”. 😍 Courts cannot interrogate the policy choice of the
executive (defence ministry) which is entrusted by law with the defence of the nation”. (चारधाम हाईवे
राजमार्गों चौड़ा करने से ख़िलाफ़ पर्यावरण को नुक़सान ऐसी याचिका पर सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने अपना फ़े सला दिया है कि राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के लिए यह ज़रूरी है। चीनी सरहद
पर भारतीय सेना को सिपाही, सामान, हथियार, राशन त्वरित रूप से भेजने के लिए चौड़े राजमार्ग ज़रूरी। भारत की राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के लिए इस प्रकार ही नीतियाँ
परियोजना बनाना रक्षा मंत्रालय का कार्य है। उसमें पर्यावरण /अन्य विकल्प सोचना/ उन विकल्पों की व्यवहारिकता की जाँच करना- अदालत का नाम नहीं है।)
-Polity: Election Reforms: Govt to amend Representation of the People Act, 1951 for 😍 1) linking of
Aadhaar, voter ID on voluntary basis → help removing bogus/duplicate voters. 😍 2) BEFORE- Only
those citizens who have attained the age of 18 years as on January 1 of that year or before is
eligible to be enrolled in the voters' list. AFTER: 4 times a year registration to be done. 😍 3)
BEFORE: Army man’s wife is entitled to be enrolled as a service voter, but a woman Army officer’s
husband is not allowed. AFTER: replaced “Wife” with “Spouse”. So, it becomes gender neutral.
Service voter means govt official/diplomacy/armed forces person and their spouse/children who’re
posted outside their constituency & eligible for postal-ballot & proxy ballot. (जन प्रतिनिधित्व क़ानून में सरकार
सुधार संशोधन करने वाली है ताकि चुनाव कार्ड को आधार कार्ड के साथ वैकल्पिक रूप से लिंक किया जा सके ताकि फ़र्ज़ी वोटर का नाम हटाया जा सके । 😍
पहले यदि किसी भारतीय नागरिक की उम्र पहली जनवरी को 18 साल या उससे ज़्यादा हो तो उसे वोटर लिस्ट/ मतदाता सूची में शामिल किया जाता था अब ये
कट-ओफ़ तारीख़ साल में चार बार गिना जाए ऐसा सुधार। 😍 सर्विस वोटर/मतदाता यानी सैन्य बल, विदेश सेवा , सरकारी नौकरी में नियुक्त व्यक्ति और उसके
पति पत्नी बच्चे जो कि अपने मतदान क्षेत्र से बाहर रहते हैं। उन्हें पोस्टल मतदान तथा प्रोक्षि - मतदान की छू ट होती है। पहली के वल सैन्य अफ़सर की पत्नी को
इसमें गिना जाता था लेकिन, महिला सैन्य अफ़सर के पति को नहीं गिना जाता था तो सरकार इसमें सुधार करेगी ताकि सैन्य अफ़सर के पति या पत्नी दोनों को
ही ये श्रेणी में रखा जा सके ।)
- EcoPil4A-Agro: Agrifood life sciences. 😍 It has four broad categories: 1) Agricultural (Ag)
biotechnology e.g. develop seeds, fertilizer, pesticides which are less harmful to environment and
human health 2) novel farming systems e.g. indoor farm, aquaculture, insect protein as fish-feed,
and algae production. 3) bioenergy and biomaterials- e.g. agriwaste to electricity 4) innovative foods
e.g. alternative proteins (plant-based, fermented, and cell-based), 😥Challenges: Capital- Globally,
$6 billion was invested in agrifood life sciences startups in 2020. But very little capital flew to India
because Foreign investors prefer IT/commerce/Fintech related startups in India 😥 Talent- India
faces problem of brain-drain. Silicon Valley experienced Indian IT engineers are returning back to
India to set up start-ups in Bangaluru but seem not happening with the scientist 😥 regulatory
problems in transgenic crops, genetically modified crops. कृ षि खाध्य जैव विज्ञान द्वारा पर्यावरण सुरक्षा, ऊर्जा सुरक्षा, खाद्य
सुरक्षा और पोषण सुरक्षा के लिए विभिन्न कार्यों को सकते हैं। लेकिन भारत में यह क्षेत्र ज़्यादा विकसित नहीं हो पाया क्योंकि पूंजी और मानव संसाधन की कमी है।
- EcoPil4C- Inflation- SEBI cans some contracts in agriculture commodity trading to prevent
speculation and price rise.

- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: Merchant Discount Rate (MDR, alternatively referred to as the


Transaction Discount Rate or TDR) is the fees charges on card/digital payment system. MDR fees is
shared among 3parties 1)customer’s card issuing bank 2)merchant’s acquiring bank 3) payment
gateway provider (e.g. Visa, Mastercard, Rupay). 😍 2021-January:- Government ordered there will
be no MDR are on RuPay debit cards and Unified Payments Interface (UPI). But, 0.4-0.9% MDR of
transaction value permitted for Mastercard and Visa debit cards. 😥 if bank promotes Rupay debit
card / UPI network → it’ll not earn fees. So they started promoting MasterCard Visa card network to
their customers and merchants. So, 2021-Dec: Government decided to give MDR subsidy to bankers
for RuPay debit cards and UPI transactions up to ₹2,000. 😍 this will encourage digital payment
system particularly in small towns and rural areas 😥 foreign companies like MasterCard and Visa or
opposed to this type of preferential treatment given to Rupay. They may complain to World trade
organisation (WTO) डिजिटल भुगतान ऊपर लगने वाले मरचण्ट डिस्काउंट रेट पर सरकार द्वारा सब्सिडी दी जाएगी यदि भुगतान रुपये डेबिट कार्ड या
UPI द्वारा हो रहा है
- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: Black Money- SC cautions against ‘indiscriminate’ use of money
laundering law. Act should be used “reasonably”. If you start using it as a weapon against 10,000
rupee-case and 100 rupee-case, what will happen? You can’t put all the people behind bars. You
have to use it reasonably. सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा कि धनशोधन क़ानून का इस्तेमाल संयमित न्यायोचित तरीक़े से होना चाहिए अगर सौ-सौ रुपये
और दस-दस हज़ार रुपया के के स Earlier
- EcoPill3B-Intl-Orgs: में भी ये मामले
IMFदर्जMDकरनेKristalina
लगे, तो क्या Georgieva
सभी लोगों को अबwas जेल accused
में भर सकते हैं?
of putting “undue pressure”
on World Bank staff in 2017 to alter data in its ‘Ease of Doing Business’ report to boost China’s
ranking. So, now, IMF board forms group to review data integrity of IMF, after World Bank scandal.
ये हम पहले भी रोना धोना कर चुके है, की के से विश्व बैंक की व्यापार सुगमता रिपोर्ट में स में चीन का रिज़ल्ट अच्छा दिखाने के लिए क्रिस्टलीना वारा दबाव
डाला गया था
- EcoPill3B-Intl-Orgs: World Economic Forum - Davos Summit @SWizderland cancelled due to
Omicron
- EcoPill3B-Intl-Orgs: World trade organisation WTO’s Agreement on Agriculture (AoA). WTO’s
agreement on subsidy and other countervailing measures (SCM). Basically they require countries to
reduce their subsidies given to exporters / local industries. Government of India had been paying
subsidy to Sugar Mill owners /exports for quite some time. And it had also imposed heavy customs
duty on the important sugar. 2019: Australia, Brazil and Guatemala complained to WTO. 2021: They
won. WTO has ordered India to stop the subsidies and sugar industry such as Production Assistance,
the Buffer Stock, and the Marketing and Transportation Schemes within 120 days. However, Indian
government likely to appeal against this judgement. (विश्व व्यापार संगठन चाहता है कि विदेश आयात निर्यात पर ग़ैर शुल्क
बाधाएँ न लगाये- जेसे की अपने देश के चीनी मिल और चीनी निर्यातकर्ताऑ को भारत सरकार द्वारा विभिन्न सब्सिडी दी जाती है। जिसके चलते भारतीय चीनी
विश्व बाज़ार में सस्ती लगे और, अन्य चीनी उत्पादन देश जैसे ऑस्ट्रेलिया ब्राज़ील को विश्व बाज़ार में अपनी चीनी बेचने गए दिक़्क़तें आती थी- उन्होने विश्व
व्यापार संगठन में शिकायत की थी और भी व्यापार संगठन ने भारत को अपनी चीनी-सब्सिडी बंद करने का आदेश दिया है। हालाँकि भारत सरकार इसके ख़िलाफ़
अपील में जाएगी।)
- EcoPill6: HRD: Education- a pvt organization ‘Institute for Competitiveness” released ‘Index on
Foundational Literacy and Numeracy’. 2021: Bihar at bottom. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ low profile organisation
- EcoPill6: HRD: Education- Over 50% students fail in Class 11 test in Telengana. State Govt to
review effectiveness of e-classes. Reasons of failure? 😥 1) students did not expect the “harsh
evaluation”. “We were given the impression that it was nough to appear for the exam and the Board
would give pass marks.” 😥 2) A majority of the students who failed are from government junior
colleges living in rural areas who did not have proper access to Internet and digital devices. 😥 3)
They said they could not focus during these classes, and did not grasp much of what was taught. 😥
4) circumstances atmosphere at their home not being conducive for online classes. 😥 5) teachers
not introducing subjects properly and not giving enough opportunities to clear doubts. (तेलंगाना में 11वीं
कक्षा की परीक्षा में आधे से ज़्यादा विद्यार्थी हुए असफल. उन्हें ऑनलाइन माध्यम से पढ़ाया जा रहा था वो प्रभावी नहीं था उसके अलग अलग कारण दिए. )
- EcoPill6: HRD: mid-day meal scheme, now known as PM Poshan- 😥 cooks paid under Rs
2k/month. it is a violation of the minimum wages but government's stand is that Mid-day meal cooks
and helpers are classified as honorary workers who have come forward to render social services.
They are not considered workers and consequently, the legislations on minimum wages are not
applied to them।( मध्याह्न भोजन योजना के रसोइये को दो हज़ार रुपये प्रति महीने किया जाता है, जो कि असल में न्यूनतम वेतन क़ानून का उल्लंघन है।
लेकिन सरकार का ये कहना है कि वे रसोयीये समाज सेवा के लिए आ रहे है, इसलिए उन पर वाणिज्यिक मज़दूरों वाले न्यूनतम वेतन का क़ानून नहीं लग सकता
- EcoPill6: HRD: Women- Udaan free sanitary napkin distribution scheme of Rajasthan for all women
and adolescent girls.
-EcoPil4A-Agro: Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) launched in 2015- its extended till
2025-2026
- Environment/Pollution: 1) Biological Diversity (Amendment) Bill, 2021 2) Wild Life Protection
(Amendment) Bill. Let the explain series come then we will study peacefully. Self-PHD not required.
आएगा तब देखेंगे
- Ethics: attitude towards women/rape victims: Karnataka (Congress) MLA says Assembly “when
rape is inevitable, lie down and enjoy it” while describing a situation in the assembly. At allegedly
the Speaker (BJP) was smiling/laughing about this joke. Social Media is very angry (कर्नाटक के विधायक लिए
किसी राजनैतिक मामले का उदाहरण देने के लिए ऐसी टिप्पणी की कि यदि “जब बलात्कार होना आप टाल नहि सकते, तो लेटे रहो और इसका आनंद लो”।
सोशल मीडिया में भारी विरोध)
- Ethics: DRDO scientist has been arrested for bomb blast inside Delhi court. He wanted to kill his
Delhi, with police accusing him of planting the bomb to kill his neighbour, an advocate. He was
“highly frustrated due to the protracted legal battle over 10 years with Neighbour over common
terrace use. It was causing problems in DRDO scientist’s career as well as prolonged mental
harassment and monetary loss to him and his family. Later in the police custody he drink hand wash
sanitiser to commit suicide and admitted to hospital. 🤔Points to Reflect: 🤔 1) Sometimes bad
neighbours test our patience but scientist should not have allowed his anger to take over his rational
thought process. 🤔 2) taking law in your own hands, ultimately result in your own downfall. 🤔 3)
court and police should also finish the civil disputes in a timely fashion so that such frustration does
not build up. (DRDO वैज्ञानिक का अपने पड़ोसी के साथ मकान की छत के उपयोग के बारे में मामला कई सालों से चल रहा था और वो क्रोध परेशानी
हताशा में बम से कोर्ट में ही उस पड़ोसी को उड़ाने की कोशिश करता है। पुलिस द्वारा पकड़े जाने के बाद वैज्ञानिक ने खुदकु शी की भी कोशिश की। 🤔 कई बार
बदमाश पड़ोसी अपने धैर्य की परीक्षा लेते हैं लेकिन एक वैज्ञानिक ने हमेशा तर्क संगत विचार प्रक्रिया सही फ़ै सला लेना चाहिए क्रोध और हताशा से नहीं। 🤔 जब
हम क़ानून अपने हाथ में लेते हैं तो अंत में अपना ही नुक़सान होता है। 🤔 कोर्ट पुलिस ने भी ये सब दीवानी मामलों का जल्दी निपटारा करना चाहिए ताकि कोई
व्यक्ति हताशा या क्रोध में ऐसे आत्यंतिक क़दम न उठाएँ )
- Ethics: Judicial ethics- lack of transparency in judicial appointments. Ex-Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi
counters that if the negative information against a bypassed judge was disclosed, it would cause
“avoidable embarrassment”. 2), Gogoi alleged that Justices J Chelameswar and Madan Lokur
“bartered transfers of their favourite judges from one high court to another in the collegium
meetings’’. सुप्रीम कोर्ट के भूतपूर्व मुख्य न्यायाधीश रंजन गोगोई ने अपनी आत्मकथा में ये कहा है कि जजों की चयन प्रक्रिया में बहुत पारदर्शिता उपयोगी
नहीं है। क्योंकि अगर किसी व्यक्ति को जज के रूप में नहीं सिलेक्ट किया गया, तो समिति द्वारा फ़ाइल में उसके ख़िलाफ़ विविध कारण लिखे गए होंगे। लेकिन उन्हें
सार्वजनिक करने से, फ़ालतू मे / अनावश्यक रूप से उस व्यक्ति की बदनामी होती है।
- Ethics: Police administration- model open jail at SURAT CITY’s Sonakhandla village. It will be
constructed on 50 hectares of barren land on the sea coast. Prisoners will be taught diamond cutting
and polishing, textile manufacturing, shrimp pond activities, natural farming, and animal husbandry
activities. (सूरत में आदर्श खुली जेल का निर्माण जहाँ बंजर भूमि पर है कै दियों को हीरो की पॉलिशिंग, कपड़ा उद्योग झींगा मछली प्राकृ तिक खेती पशुपालन
इत्यादि चीज़ें सिखायी जाएंगी)
- Ethics: Quote: all murderers are punished unless they kill in large numbers and to the sound of
trumpets. — VOLTAIRE- French Philosopher (सभी हत्यारों को सजा मिलनी चाहिए, लेकिन यदि कोई बड़ी मात्रा में बयुगल बजाकर
हज़ारों लाखों लोगों की हत्या करें- तो उसे सज़ा नहीं मिलनी चाहिए ऐसा व्यंग- फ़्रान्सीसी चिंतक वॉल्टेयर द्वारा ।)
- Geography: Places/Disasters- Typhoon Rai in Philippines,
- IR/Defense: China’s Soft diplomacy- paying money, free travel/hotel etc. to new social media
influenzers who paint cheery portraits of life as foreigners in China — and defend Xi-JinPing’s
authoritarian governance, its policies toward ethnic minorities and its handling of the coronavirus.
(चीन की सरकार द्वारा विदेशी सोशल मीडिया के बहकाऊँ गिरो/प्रभावकारों को पैसा, मुफ़्त विमान टिकिट/होटेल दिया जाता है ताकि वे चीन की अच्छी छवि विदेश
मे पेश करे।- जैसे कि पर्यटन के लिए चीन सबसे अच्छी जगह है यहाँ अल्पसंख्यकों पर कोई अत्याचार नहीं हो रहा और कोरोना संपूर्ण रूप से क़ाबू में आ गया है)
- IR/Defense: Cybersecurity- LOG4SHELL VULNERABILITY (a flaw in Java Library) identified as the
worst cybersecurity flaws in Apple, Microsoft, and Google and Amazon.
- IR/Defense: Defense/Ethics- Killer Robots: Inhumane Weapons Convention/ Convention on Certain
Conventional Weapons- it is a framework of rules that ban weapons considered to cause
unnecessary, unjustifiable and indiscriminate suffering, such as incendiary explosives, blinding lasers
and booby traps. Such weapons don’t discriminate between civilian and soldiers. New proposal to
put curbs on killer robots. But they were opposed by Russia/USA because they’re developing such
weapons. Ethical 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) morally repugnant to assign lethal decision making to
machines, regardless of technological sophistication. 2) “Fundamentally, autonomous weapon
systems raise ethical concerns for society about substituting human decisions about life and death
with sensor, software and machine processes,” (अमानवीय हथियार विरोधी संधि में ऐसे हथियारों पर प्रतिबंध डाला जाता है जो
नागरिक और सिपाही में फरक नहीं करते और अनावश्यक रूप से बोहोत ज़्यादा है कि शारीरिक हानि पहुँचाते हैं। इसी सदी में अब हत्यारे रोबोट/यंत्र-मानव पर भी
प्रतिबंध डाला जाए ऐसी माँग हो रही है । 🤔 नैतिक रूप से मानव की जीवन या मृत्यु का फ़ै सला किसी मशीन के हाथ में छोड़ना स्वयं में ही अनैतिक है। लेकिन
अमेरिका और रशिया जो कि हत्यारे रोबोट बना रहे हैं उन्हें एसी संधि से एतराज़ है)
- IR/Defense: LWE/Naxal: To curb Left Wing Extremism, the Jharkhand government on launched
Sports Action toward Harnessing Aspiration of Youth (SAHAY) scheme in LWE districts to promote
basket-ball, volleyball, hockey and athletics. वामपंथी उग्रवाद नक्सल प्रभावित इलाकों में खेलकू द को प्रोत्साहन देने के लिए झारखंड
राज्य सरकार की सहाय योजना
- IR/Defense: Taliban- India-Central Asian nations foreign ministers meeting for Afghanistan re-
building. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ points are more or less similar to what we had learned about the meeting of
national security advisors (NSAs)
- Book: Economist and 2019 Nobel laureate Abhijit Banerjee’s new book- “Cooking to Save Your
Life.”
- Book: LAL SALAAM- Novel by Smriti Irani-Union Minister for Women and Child Development.
- Death: American black feminist author bell hooks (real name Gloria Jean Watkins) - famous for
book “Ain’t I a Woman? Black Women and Feminism”
- GPSC: NALIYA IN Kutch, Gujarat- lowest minimum temperature in the state -8 degrees below
normal temperature in 2021-Dec.
- Sports: Badminton world championship final 2021- India’s Kidambi Srikanth defeated by Loh Kean
Yew (Singapore)
- Sports: Cricket’s Under-19 World Cup- DELHI batsman Yash Dhull will be the captain.
-Sports: 2021 Paralympic Awards-“Best Female Debut" given Indian air-rifle shooter Avani Lekhara
(Jaipur) for her gold medal at the Tokyo Games 2021.
- Polity-Federalism: 2019- article 370 was removed and Ladakh declared or union territory with out
legislature. Now demand for 1) Including Ladakh in 6th Schedule 2) amending Ladakh Hill
Development Council Act, 1997. So their local autonomous Council can protect their land,
employment and cultural identity लद्दाख को छठी अनुसूची में रखा जाए ताकि उनकी पहाड़ी विकास परिषद की सत्ताएँ बढ़े, वे अपने थानीय
लोगों की ज़मीन, रोज़गार, और सांस्कृ तिक धरोहर को सुरक्षित रखने के लिए विभिन्न क़दम उठा सकें -ऐसे माँग हो रही है।
- Polity: 6 rights: comparing Constitution: Austria Nod for tightly limited right to assisted suicide. You
should self study the mercy killing related judgements in India as part of the polity and rights issues
from CA-PDFs. इच्छामृत्यु के बारे में ख़ुद से पढ़ लेना किसी भी मुफ़्त वाले पीडीएफ़ से
- Polity: 6-Marriage age: Hindu Marriage Act, 1955- minimum age of marriage 18 (Girl), 21 (boy).
Same provision in The Special Marriage Act, 1954 and the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006.
2021-Dec: Cabinet approved proposal to ⏫ girls minimum marriage age to 21. Earlier, 2020:
Ministry of Women and Child Development had setup Jaya Jaitly Task force to examine “matters
pertaining to age of motherhood.” She recommended 1) girl minimum age for marriage⏫21 years.
2) Late marriage will help in 😍 lowering MMR (Maternal Mortality Rate),⏫ 😍 Educational and
economic opportunity for girl child. 2) Training of women in polytechnic institutes, skills and
business training. Because If girls can show they are financially independent, parents will think twice
before marrying them off early,’’ 3) sex education in school syllabus. लड़कियों के विवाह की न्यूनतम उम्र अभी 18
साल है इसे बढ़ाकर 21 साल किया जाए ऐसे ही जया जेटली टास्क फ़ोर्स समिति की सिफ़ारिशों को सरकार लागू करने वाली है. जल्दी से शादी होने पर लड़की
की शारीरिक विकास पढ़ाई रोज़गार पर असर होती है और कम उम्र में शादी के बाद कम उम्र में गर्भवती बनने पर मात्रु मृत्यु दर का जोखिम भी बढ़ता है. इसलिए
जया जेटली समिति ने सिफ़ारिश की थी कि विवाह की उम्र को बढ़ाया जाए और साथ ही साथ लड़कियों की शिक्षा रोज़गार तालीम और यौन शिक्षण पर ज़ोर दिया
जाए.
- Polity: comparing constitutions freedom of speech- UNITED Arab Emirates-BEFORE International
movies were censored for anything un-islamic. AFTER UAE no longer censor. Simply give them “21+
age category certificate”/
- Polity: Election- impartiality neutrality/separation of powers: prime Minister office (PMO) had
summoned the chief election commissioner (CEC) and other ECs for a meeting to discuss election
reforms. This is violation of protocol and constitutional propriety. Because Govt (executive) is
supposed to keep distance from the election commission. If there is any important matter was
discussing then government’s Secretary (IAS) / Ministers should visit CEC office or send the matter
in written files. (चुनावी सुधार के लिए प्रधानमंत्री कार्यालय ने मुख्य चुनाव आयुक्त को ‘तलब’ किया आकर मीटिंग में हाज़िरी दो। जिस पर बवाल चल रहा
है कि ये संवैधानिक शिष्टाचार का भंग है। चुनाव आयोग एक संवैधानिक संस्था है। उसने निष्पक्षता से चुनाव करवाने हैं, इसलिए सरकार ने कभी भी उनके अफ़सरों
को अपने दफ़्तर में नहीं बुलाना चाहिए। अगर कोई ज़रूरी मामला हो तो भी सरकार के ख़ुद के अफ़सर और ख़ुद के मंत्रियों ने चुनाव आयोग के दफ़्तर में जाना
चाहिए, या लिखित में फ़ाइल भेजनी चाहिए।)
- Polity: Judiciary- Demotion of a judge: Bombay HC’s additional judge Justice Pushpa V Ganediwala
had given a controversial ruling that if there is no skin-to-skin contact then Prevention of Children
from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012 not applicable. Later on Supreme Court had changed
verdict because even sexual assult on children may be carried out even with use of steel
rod/artificial instruments. Now, collegium has decided not to recommend her name for the elevation
to “permanent judge” of HC. So, she (additional judge) would be demoted back to district judiciary.
कु छ समय पहले बॉम्बे हाईकोर्ट के अधिक न्यायाधीश ने एक विवादित फ़ै सला सुनाया था कि यदि यौन अपराध में चमड़ी से चमड़ी का स्पर्श न हों तो उसे पॉस्को
क़ानून में यौन हिंसा नहीं माना जाएगा। हालाँकि बाद में सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने इस विवादित फ़े सले को निरस्त किया था। और अब सुप्रीम कोर्ट कॉलेजियम ने इस विवादित
अधिक जज की हाईकोर्ट के स्थायी जज के रूप में नियुक्ति की सिफ़ारिश नहीं की है यानी की वापसी उनकी जिला न्यायालय में अधोगति हो जाएगी पदोन्नति नहीं
होगी।
- Polity: Legislature- National Anti-Doping Bill, 2021, seeks to give the National Anti-Doping Agency
powers of “raiding, investigation, penalty, sample collection etc. BEFORE NADA earlier had no
authority to conduct raids. 😍 NADA will be headed by a Director-General. 😍 a National Dope
Testing Laboratory will be established. खेल कू द में प्रदर्शन-वर्धक दवाईयों के खिलाफ़ जाँच पड़ताल के लिए
- Polity: Rights Issues- Animal cruelty : earlier, government had tried to ban the bullock/buffalo
racing in Southern States thru Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PCA) Act. But, 2014 SC ruling
allowed the States to continue jallikattu and bullock cart races. However the ban had continued in
Maharashtra but now SC allowed them as well. अगर तमिलनाडु में जल्लीकट्टू की मनाही नहीं है तो महाराष्ट्र में भी इस तरह साँढ/भैंसों
की दौड़ स्पर्धा पर कोई मनाही नहीं होनी चाहिए ऐसा सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने बोला
- Polity: Marriage age: Prohibition of Child Marriage Act (boy 21, girl 18). But, Minimum age of
marriage in Muslim personal Law- is when person attains puberty- is assumed when the bride or
groom turns 15 age. 🤔 Thus, there is discrepancy between Prohibition of Child Marriage Act and
Muslim law on the minimum age of marriage. 🤔 Prohibition of Child Marriage Act does not contain
any provision that explicitly says the PCMA law would override any other laws Personal laws that
govern marriage, divorce, adoption, inheritance etc. 🤔 2021-Feb: Punjab and Haryana High Court
granted protection to a Muslim couple (a 17-year-old girl married to a 36yo man), holding that theirs
was a legal marriage under personal law. 🤔 Another area of conflict: 2017 SC Judgement - martial
rape recognised IF wife is minor. But then it also creates contact with the Muslim personal Law. 🤔
Now government is thinking to raise the minimum age of marriage to 21 years for girls this legal
issues will create complexities. (बाल विवाह प्रतिबंध क़ानून में लड़कियों की उम्र 21 साल और लड़की की उम्र 18 साल है। जबकि मुस्लिम
पर्सनल क़ानून के हिसाब से शादी की वैधानिक उम्र- जब लड़का और लड़की प्यूबरटी /यौवनारंभ यानी क़रीब 15 साल से मानी जाती है। और बाल विवाह
प्रतिबंध क़ानून में एसा नहीं लिखा कि वो अन्य अन्य हिंदू मुस्लिम ईसाई विवाह कानूनों के ऊपर सर्वोपरि होगा। इसी कारण से 2021 में पंजाब हरियाणा हाईकोर्ट
ने एक 17 साल की मुस्लिम लड़की के छत्तीस साल के मुस्लिम आदमी के साथ विवाह को क़ानूनन वैध ठहराया था। अब जया जेटली समिति की सिफ़ारिश के
हिसाब से लड़कियों की न्यूनतम वैवाहिक उम्र को 18 साल से बढ़ाकर 21 साल किया जाए तो मुस्लिम कानूनों में सुधार की आवश्यकता होगी जिसे कु छ नए
क़ानूनी संकट हो सकते हैं)
- Polity: secularism: USA Lok Sabha (House of Representatives) voted to setup an ‘anti-
Islamophobia’ office to address anti-Muslim bias. 🤔Points to Reflect: is there any office for other
religions as well e.g. Anti-Jew-phobia? अमरीका में इस्लाम विरोधी भावनाओं को रोकने के लिए एक सरकारी/वैधानिक ऑफ़िस बने ऐसा
क़ानून अमेरिकी लोक सभा ने पास किया है। ग़ौर करने का विषय यह है कि क्या वहाँ पर अन्य धर्मो के लिए भी ऐसी वैज्ञानिक संस्थाए बनी है?
-Polity: Marriage age: Child marriages are illegal but not void. It is voidable if minor party (girl/boy)
petitions the court. If a court finds a minor was coerced into marriage by parents or guardians, the
provisions of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act come into effect to keep the
custody of the minor until he or she attains majority and can make a decision on the marriage. (बाल
विवाह अवैध है लेकिन शून्य/निरस्त नहीं है। बाल विवाह में जिस पति या पत्नी से शादी हुई है उस शादी को “निरस्त” तब माना जाएगा जब वो वयस्क/नाबालिग
व्यक्ति बोल दें कि मुझे यह शादी में नहीं रहना है। ऐसी स्थिति में उसे किसी सुधार आश्रम में भेज दिया जाएगा-जब तक वो वयस्क होकर अपनी जिम्मेदारियां खुद
न निभा सके ।)
-Polity: comparing constitutions /rights issues/ freedom of expression: North Korean dictator Kim
Jong un ordered execution of citizens who are watching South Korean entertainment — songs (K-
Pop), movies and TV drama. Because it corrupts North Koreans’ minds. दक्षिण कोरिया का संगीत फ़िल्म या TV
सीरियल देखने से उत्तर कोरियाई लोगों का दिमाग़ भ्रष्ट हो जाएगा ऐसा बोल के तानाशाह किम जोंग उन लोगों की हत्या करवा रहा है।
- Science- 5-infra-communication: Undersea cables transmit nearly 99% of the world’s internet data.
USA govt allowed Facebook and Google to add more undersea cable system from USA to
HongKong / Asia.
- Ethics: Vigilantism: Lynching for Sacrilege of Sikh religion 1) 2021- a man lynched at Singhu
border. 2) 2021-Dec: Man lynched at Golden temple for picking up the sword of Maharaja Ranjit
Singh lying next to Guru Granth Sahib. 3) 2021-Dec: Another lynching over ‘sacrilege’in
Kapurthala. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) sacrilege need to be punished by the courts, but killing a person
by mob is not justified because in future it may happen that even for settling personal rivalry,
someone could accuse neighbour/business rival of sacrilege to get him murdered. 2) because of the
election season in Punjab, the political parties are not openly condemning the mob-lynching but
giving ambivalent statements like “we still need to understand what happened on the ground”. (सिख
धर्म के ख़िलाफ़ बेअदबी के मामले में इस साल तिन व्यक्तियों का भीड़ द्वारा वध। लोगों ने उन्हें पुलिस ने गिरफ़्तार करवा कर कोर्ट से सजा दिलवाने चाहिए। लेकिन
क्यदि भीड़ अपने हाथ में क़ानून लेना शुरू करेगी तो अंत में ये भी हो सकता है कि कु छ लोग अपनी निजी दुश्मनी निकालने के लिए किसी पड़ोसी या बिज़नेस
प्रतिस्पर्धी पर भी धर्म के ख़िलाफ़ बे-अदबी का झूठा आरोप लगा के भी द्वारा उसका वध करवा दें। हालाँकि पंजाब में चुनाव क़रीब आ रहे हैं इसलिए राजनीतिक
पक्ष भीड़ द्वारा वध का खुलकर विरोध/निंदा नहीं कर रहे। राजनेता नापतोल कर सिर्फ़ इतना बोल रहे हैं कि “अभी हम इस मामले की जाँच कर रहे हैं.”)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ 15% global minimum tax: Model rules by OECD. Basics already studied in Win21
series. Let Economic Survey 2022 come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Amazon-Future deal on hold: Post CCI order, legal challenges await
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Climate assertion at UNSC/Veto। कल ही पढ़ लिया था
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ committee for Revisiting definition of EWS. Let the report, we have already started the
underlying SC order.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Conversion Bill approved by Karnataka govt. This is a recurring thing
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ DELHI HIGH Court direction on labelling of food as veg/non-veg.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ DRAFT PAPER of the Delimitation Commission has proposed seven additional Assembly
seats for Jammu and Kashmir — six in Jammu division and one in Kashmir valley. For the first time,
the commission proposed reserving nine seats for Scheduled Tribes (STs) on the basis of population.
Seven seats are proposed for the Scheduled Caste (SC) community. 🤔 REASON: let the final version
or explained series come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ ED questions Aishwarya on offshore ‘links’, travel & foreign fund transfers for Panama
Paper. REASON: individuals tax chori-case is not important
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ India ranked fourth in Truecaller spam report. Every low-profile report is not important
for exam
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ India’s missile capability. We have learned enough in the past
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Joint Committee of Parliament (JCP) on the Personal Data Protection Bill. Basics we
have already seen few days back. Poor cost benefit in doing PhD over it further. वो हम पहले ही देख चुके
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Meeting between India and Central Asian Republics underscores shared concerns on
Afghanistan.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Multistate cooperatives: how they function, why govt plans to amend the law. That at
least the draft bill come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Nagaland House adopts resolution for AFSPA repeal. We have already studied the
underlying issues
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ NETFLIX HAS cut its subscription prices in India, with the lowest plan now at Rs 149
against Rs 199 earlier.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Peng Shuai tells Chinese paper she never wrote of being assaulted
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Pre-Budget talks: FM to hold first meet today. Let the real budget come next year.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Re-notify 27% OBC seats as general category: top court to Maharashtra for local
bodies election. ये मामला हम पहले ही देख चुके हैं
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ truckload of columns on Bangladesh nation’s birth in 1971,
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ TURKEY’S CURRENCY crisis. Let Economic Survey 2022 come & talk about the impact
of foreign countries policies on Indian currency exchange rate
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ US Fed Tapering ke Indian sharemarket & currency exchange rate pe impact. Let
Economic Survey 2022 come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Why power employees are on strike in J&K
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ WPI inflation at double-digit level for 8th straight month. Let Economic Survey 2022
come.
-Tomorrow we’ll see. SEO/Title/Pageview advantage on MDR subsidy video.
-⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Byju’s may go public via special-purpose acquisition companies (SPAC). Let them
actually do it then we study
-⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ How to read WTO panel’s adverse report on India’s sugar subsidy. Already studied few
days back.
-⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ NDPS Act: a drafting error, its implications, and an amendment कल ही पढ़ लिया था
- EcoPil4A-Agro: organic farming is the cultivation without using artificial chemicals pesticides and
fertilisers. 😍healthier, environment friendly. 1st world’s health conscious consumers pay premium
price to buy it. In recent years Sri Lankan govt suddenly turned toward organic farming,
discouraging the import of chemicals pesticides and fertilisers. 😥Crop yield/production qty ⏬
because fertilizer not used. Shortage of food - food inflation, food becomes expensive for
consumers, exports declined. Now Lankan government has realised its mistake and would be
importing fertilizer necessary for tea, rubber and coconut, which make up the nation’s major
agricultural exports. (जैविक खेती यानी की कृ त्रिम रसायनों का प्रयोग वर्जित। जिससे स्वास्थ्य और पर्यावरण को लाभ। हालाँकि श्रीलंका सरकार ने
जैविक खेती को ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा प्रोत्साहन दे दिया और वहाँ अब फ़सल पैदावार काफ़ी कम हो गई है. जिसके चलते खाद्य महँगाई और निर्यात में कमी आयी है
तो वापस ज़्यादा उर्वरक आयात को प्रोत्साहन देने वाले। )
- EcoPil4B-Sectors-Services: quick commerce, or q-commerce — where the promise of deliveries
within 10-30 minutes of ordering. e.g. Swiggy’s grocery delivery system. Grofers (a grocery delivery
app) has rebranded itself to ‘Blinkit’ for becoming a quick-commerce service provider.
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: unified payment interface (UPI) technology developed by NPCi for
mobile payments. RBI regulates it under payment and settlement systems act 2007. New reforms:
1) ⏫ transaction limit in UPI for the Retail Direct Scheme for investment in G-secs and initial public
offering (IPO) applications from Rs 2 lakh to Rs 5 lakh. 2) For low value transactions (e.g. less than
₹200)- BEFORE: message will be given to NPCi & Banks servers- resulting in overload / transaction
failures due to connectivity problems. 😍 AFTER reform: “ enabling small value transactions through
an “On-device” wallet in UPI app which will conserve banks’ system resources, without any change
in the transaction experience for the user.” HOW? either notimp/wait for explained series. More in
Win22 to start from Feb-2022 after budget and economic survey published by govt. download
location: https://mrunal.org/download
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: Modi’s Twitter HACKED account sent out a tweet saying "India has
officially adopted Bitcoin as a legal tender". "The government has officially bought 500 BTC and is
distributing them to all residents of the country,” 2020-Sept: Modi’s Twitter HACKED account sent
out tweets asking for donations to the Prime Minister’s Covid relief fund through cryptocurrency. 🤔
Points to Reflect: 1) crypto currency transactions are difficult to trace so hackers are using such
tactics. 2) when Prime Minister's head Account sends out fake tweets that crypto currency has
become legal tender it will encourage investors to buy bitcoins and so the hacker who has already
purchased the bitcoins can dump it on investors, at profit. प्रधानमंत्री मोदी का ट्विटर अकाउंट हैक करके ऐसा संदेश भेजा गया
कि भारत ने बिटकोइन को वैधानिक निविदा के रूप में स्वीकार कर लिया है. इससे पहले भी बिटकोइन द्वारा चंदा माँगने का फ़र्ज़ी ट्वीट प्रधानमंत्री मोदी के दूसरे
ट्विटर अकाउंट हेक करके डाला गया था.
- EcoPill1A2-Monetary Policy: BASICS already explained in https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=CEgWCzjgMA0 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEgWCzjgMA0) 2021-Dec: MONETARY Policy
Committee (MPC) of the RBI kept repo unchanged at 4% . Separately, RBI Governor 1) said cyber
security and digital frauds are its main challenges to central bank digital currency (CBDC). More in
Win22 to start from Feb-2022 after budget and economic survey published by govt. download
location: https://mrunal.org/download (मौद्रिक नीति दरों में कोई बदलाव नहीं)
- EcoPill1B1- Bank classification : Scheduled Bank- According to the RBI Act, 1934, banks satisfying
two conditions 1) minimum paid up capital ₹5 lakh 2) bank’s affairs are not being conducted in a
manner detrimental to the interests of their depositors. (usually RBI will check this after one year
from the start of the bank's business. So the status will not be given on DAY1- unlike the mains-
answer-writing walla babushonas) Then such bank included in RBI Act’s Second schedule. 😍
Benefits? 1) Access to RBI’s window operations (LAF, Repo, Reverse Repo, MSF etc) 2) Government
departments and private sector companies are more likely to open their bank accounts/ employees
salary accounts in it 3) bank becomes eligible to partner in the government’s financial inclusion
scheme e.g. PM Jan Dhan scheme for opening bank accounts of poor people. Fino Payments Bank
and India Post Payments Bank have also been included in the second schedule. Why in News?
Paytm Payments Bank given this status in 2021-Dec. (पेटीएम को मिला अनुसूचित बैंक का दर्जा)
- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: Bank-NBFC co-lending: since bankers do not have branch network in every
village sometimes they use the help of NBFC companies to find clients and then opt for co-lending.
Loans are given by bank through this route- if given to farmer/weaker section etc. → counted under
its PSL quota. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ IndianExpress unnecessarily made 500 lines explained series on a three
line matter.
- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: legal entity identifier (LEI) is a 20-digit number used to uniquely identify
parties to financial transactions globally to prevent frauds. It is brainchild of G20 and FSB. Think of it
as ‘global aadhar card for companies/businessman’. From 1/10/2022 RBI has ordered all companies
undertaking crossborder transactions of Rs 50 crore or more to quote this number in financial
transaction.
- EcoPill6: HRD-Poverty: World Inequality Report 2022. Prepared by World Inequality Lab, along
with economists Thomas Piketty et al. 😥 India ‘very unequal’, top 10% people hold 57% of national
income. 😥 The average annual national income of the Indian adult population is Rs 2,04,200 in
2021. The bottom 50 per cent earned Rs 53,610, while the top 10 per cent earned over 20 times
more (Rs 11,66,520), 😥 The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are the most unequal regions in
the world, whereas Europe has the lowest inequality levels 😥 India's middle class is relatively poor
with an average wealth of only Rs 7,23,930 or 29.5 per cent of the total national income, as
compared with the top 10 per centwho own 65 per cent (Rs 63,54,070). 🤔 You may memorise
some of these data for Mains answer writing. विश्व समानता रिपोर्ट के कु छ आंकड़े.
- EcoPill6: HRD: (GSM2) issues related to scheme design and implementation- Beti Bachao, Beti
Padhao Scheme - 1) prevent female infanticide 2) promote education and health girl students,
construction of separate toilets in schools etc. But, Parliamentary Panel flags poor fund utilisation.
nearly 80 per cent of the funds for the scheme has been used for its advertising and not on sectoral
interventions such as in health and education for women. (हालाँकि बेटी बचाओ बेटी पढ़ाओ योजना में बेटियों की भ्रूण -हत्या
रुकना है और साथ ही साथ उनकी शिक्षा और स्वास्थ्य पर भी ध्यान देना है लेकिन संसदीय समिति ने पाया कि इस योजना का 80 प्रतिशत पैसा तो के वल
विज्ञापनों में ही ख़र्च हो रहा है जबकि शिक्षा और स्वास्थ्य के लिए बहुत कम पैसा ख़र्च हो रहा है)
- EcoPill6: HRD: Education/Research: National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
(Amendment) Bill to accord the status of ‘institute of national importance’ pharmaceutical education
and research institutes – NIPERs – situated in Ahmedabad, Hajipur, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Guwahati
and Raebareli. 😍funding, autonomy etc. (फ़ार्मेसी से जुड़े हुए नाइपर संस्थानों को राष्ट्रीय महत्व के संस्थान का दर्जा है ताकि उन्हें
स्वायत्तता और पैसों में मदद मिलेगी)
- EcoPill6: HRD: Malnutrition: Karnataka STATE government had introduced boiled eggs or bananas
for students in selected districts where the level of malnutrition was found to be very high under the
National Family Health Survey. Religious groups are opposed, so State government may cancel the
plan. (राष्ट्रीय परिवार स्वास्थ्य सर्वेक्षण में पाया गया कि कर्नाटक के कु छ ज़िलों में विद्यार्थियों में कु पोषण की मतलब बहुत ज़्यादा है तो राज्य सरकार उन्हें
मध्यान्ह भोजन में अंडे देना चाहती थी लेकिन धार्मिक समूह इसका विरोध कर रहे हैं )
- EcoPill6: HRD: Education- Ban on setting up new engineering colleges: All India Council for
Technical Education (AICTE)- 2018- appointed Reddy committee engineering education. He found
admissions are dropping/falling in degree and diploma engineering colleges and suggested ban on
setting up new colleges. This ban to continue for 2022-23. इंजीनियरिंग की नई कॉलेज की स्थापना पर रोक क्योंकि एक बच्ची
एडमिशन ही नहीं ले रहे
- Geography: River linking- Government to setup a National Interlinking of Rivers Authority (NIRA),
which will be an autonomous body for planning, investigation, financing and implementation of all
interlinking of river (ILR) projects in the country. The NIRA will have powers to set up special
purpose vehicle companies (SPVs) for individual link projects. e.g. Ken-Betwa Link Project Authority
(KBLPA-SPV). 😍 SPV will be set up on the lines of the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).
The KBLPA will execute various tasks like construction of canal and dams under the project, similar
to the way the NHAI executes highways-related projects across the country. Union to give it over
44,000 crores. 😍 KBLP will be transferring water from the Ken to the Betwa. both tributaries of the
Yamuna. The Ken-Betwa Link Canal will be 221 km long, including a 2-km long tunnel. It has 2
phases, and two dams 1) Daudhan Dam complex 2) Lower Orr Dam. 😍 Supply drinking water to
about 62 lakh people, and generate 103 MW of hydropower and 27 MW of solar power. 😍 Water to
districts of Panna, Tikamgarh, Chhatarpur, Sagar, Damoh, Datia, Vidisha, Shivpuri and Raisen of
Madhya Pradesh. Water to districts of Banda, Mahoba, Jhansi and Lalitpur of Uttar Pradesh. “
- Environment/Biodiversity: Black-necked stork (phippiorhynchus asiaticus) is categorised as a
near-threatened species on the Red List of species compiled by the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It’s found in Gujarat’s 1) Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary near Jamnagar
city. 2) Marine National Park spread along the sea coast of Jamnagar 3) Devbhumi Dwarka. 4) latest
in news because breeding found at Jambughoda Wildlife Sanctuary, Vadodara → Wadhwana
wetland area (-a Ramsar site).
- Environment/Biodiversity: Great Indian Bustard (GIB) habitats in Rajasthan and Gujarat→ birds
dying due to overground electricity cables. So, SC ordered all transmission cables to be
underground. Government of India had requested the Supreme Court to modify the order
because 😥 1) financially not possible to cover nearly 80,000 km² area of Rajasthan and Gujarat with
underground electricity cables, when GIB occupies hardly 1% of that area. 😥 2) high-voltage
underground electricity cables for 765KV are not available for purchase even at global level. 3) this
type of restriction will affect India's commitment set UNFCCC for ⏫ Solar and wind energy ( सुप्रीम कोर्ट
ने आदेश दिया था कि ग्रेट इंडियन बस्तर्द पक्षी के संरक्षण के लिए गुजरात और राजस्थान में बिजली की तारें ज़मीन के भू गर्भ में बिछाई जाए। लेकिन कें द्र सरकार
ने सुप्रीम कोर्ट को बिनती की है कि इस आदेश को बदला जाए क्योंकि 😥 इतनी बड़ी इलाक़े में आर्थिक रूप से यह मुमकिन नहीं कि सारी तारें ज़मीन के भीतर
बिछाई जाए। 😥 ख़ासकर जब पक्षी तो मुश्किल 1% इलाक़े में ही पाया जाता है 😥 ऐसी भारी वोल्टेज वाली भूगर्भ तार -दुनिया में कोई बनाता भी नहीं है 😥
ऐसा करने पर हमारे सौर ऊर्जा और पवन ऊर्जा के लक्ष्यों को हासिल करने में दिक़्क़त आएगी।)
- Environment/Biodiversity: Thrips Parvispinous, an invasive insect from Indonesia is damaging
chilli/drumstick/cotton crop in Telangana and Andhra, Due to excessive use of pesticides, the insect
has developed resistance.
- Environment/Biodiversity: Tiger spotted in W.Bengal’s Buxa reserve after 23 years.

- Environment/Pollution: Crop Stubble Burning: EVERY OCTOBER AND November, Punjab, Haryana
and Uttar Pradesh burn the stubble of kharif rice/paddy for clearing the land for sowing rabi wheat.
Bad because 1) air pollution in Delhi. 2) reduces soil fertility in the long run. Chronology of Govt
Actions? 2014: Agri Ministry developed a National Policy for the Management of Crop Residue.
2015, the National Green Tribunal banned stubble burning in Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi,
Haryana and Punjab. But, enforcement of the ban has been weak, largely due to inadequate political
will. While Stubble burning was considered an offence under Section 188 of the Indian Penal Code
and in the Air and Pollution Control Act, but recently decriminalised. 2018: Central Scheme on
Promotion of Agricultural Mechanisation for In-Situ Management of Crop Residue where the subsidy
is given e.g. for buying Happy-Seeder tractor attachment to planned the wheat seeds without
burning the stubble. 🤔 Way forward? Ex-situ management of crop residue- using stubble ot make
biochart/briketts. Sending them to Dhaba/resturants, thermal power plants. In-Situ management to
make compost. (फ़सल अवशेष जलाने से हो रहे वायु प्रदूषण को रोकने के लिए क्या किया जाए हालाँकि वही पुरानी मुद्दे रिपीट हो रही है। )
- Environment/Pollution: UN Security Council (UNSC): Ireland and Nigeria sought to to create a
formal space for climate change-related discussions at the UN Security Council- from the perspective
of its impact on peace and conflicts worldwide. Voting: China abstain. Russia VETO. India Voted
Against. India’s stand: UNFCCC already offered an “elaborate and equitable architecture” with equal
voice for every country and adequate recognition of every country’s “national circumstances”. 🤔 🤔
Points to Reflect: why China abstained? Perhaps wants to keep USA-EU media in good humour
before getting trade deal signed- already in negative PR due to Wuhan-Corona connection. ( जलवायु
परिवर्तन की अंतरराष्ट्रीय शांति और लड़ाइयों पर होने वाली असर की चर्चा के लिए संयुक्त राष्ट्र की सुरक्षा परिषद में एक स्थायी जगह बनायी जाए ऐसा प्रस्ताव
आयरलैंड और नाइजीरिया के रखा था. चीन इसकी मतदान पर गैरहाज़िर रहा. रशिया ने वीटो द्वारा विरोध किया और भारत ने भी विरोध में मत किया भारत का
ये कहना है कि जब यू॰एन॰एफ़॰सी॰सी॰ में जलवायु परिवर्तन के लिए बातचीत करने के लिए पर्याप्त मौक़े मौजूद है तो ये नई नौटंकी करने की ज़रूरत नहीं। )

- Ethics: Juvenile / Parenting: Ministry of Education advisory to prevent online gaming addiction
among children. 😥 online gaming affect the education, mood behaviour, violence, abusing women
and minorities in game-chats. 😥 gaming companies emotionally compel the child to buy more levels
and almost force in-app purchases. Sometime child purchase such thing without knowledge of
parent by mis-using credit card. 😍 So, companies should not allow online game related purchases
without “parental consent”. “To avoid in-app purchases; OTP based payment methods may be
adopted as per RBI’s guidelines. Avoid credit/debit cards registration on apps for subscriptions. Place
an upper limit on expenditure per transaction,” 😍 The advisory suggests that parents should look
out for unusually secretive behaviour of children related to their online activity, any sudden increase
in the time they spend online, especially social media, and tendency to switch screens on their
device when approached. 😍 Teachers need to make parents/children aware. Some other pointers
on safe online gaming experience: ✅✅DO’s– Take screenshot and report untoward incident. – Use
screen name, not real name.– Use antivirus, firewall.– Activate parental controls to restrict content,
spending✋✋DONTS – Don’t click pop-ups.— Don’t reveal personal information to others– Don’t
speak to strangers through webcam, chat or other means (ऑनलाइन गेमिग ं की लत लगने पर विद्यार्थी पढ़ाई पर
ध्यान नहीं देते गाली गलौच शुरू करते हैं। माता पिता की जानकारी के बिना उनका क्रे डिट कार्ड इस्तेमाल करके गेम्स ख़रीदते हैं। ये सब के ख़िलाफ़ शिक्षा मंत्रालय
ने दिशा निर्देश जारी किए।)
- Ethics: Juveniles: New Zealand govt felt that ⏫ taxes on cigars, does not help reducing the
addiction, but instead, tend to place a higher burden on lower-income people, who are more likely to
smoke. So, NZ govt to gradually ⏫ MINIMUM AGE TO BUY CIGARETTES WILL KEEP RISING YEAR
AFTER YEAR. Presently minimum age to buy cigar is 18 years. In Year 2086, minimum age will be
80 years. In other words, almost a lifetime ban for youth to buy cigars. (न्यूज़ीलैंड में क्रमिक रूप से सिगरेट ख़रीदने
की न्यूनतम आयु को बढ़ाया जाएगा। उन्होंने पाया कि सिगरेट पर ज़्यादा टैक्स लगाने से लोग फुं कना कम नहीं करते)
- Ethics: Leadership- IN TMC Party, two leaders Mahua Moitra and Jayanta Sinha infighting.
Controversy about sending their supporters to other persons office alleging corruption and then
releasing YouTube videos. TMC Supremo Mamata Banerjee snubbed Mahua “Mahua, I want to give
a clear message. I don’t need to see who is against whom. If someone does not like a person, he or
she puts up some news on YouTube or in newspapers. This kind of politics can go for one day but
not forever. And for only one person to be in the same place forever, that is also not right. And
when election will come, party will decide who will contest or not. So, there should be no difference
of opinion. Everyone should work together.” This may be cited as a case study in real UPSC exam
but 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) sometimes IAS/CEOs deliberately let junior staff keep fighting
/chugli/divide rule- against each other so he can pressurise all of them by knowing their dirty-
secrets. But, it is leaders job to ironout/quell the infighting instead of adopting divide and rule.
Otherwise the organisation starts to rot/decay from within inside. 2) at the same time in Healthy
competition / dialogue / grievance mechanism should also be available for the members of the
organisation. So that they do not start hate agenda on Youtube. Because infighting/ washing dirty
laundry in public/ releasing each others’ SEX-CDS- only strengthens the hands of the rival
organisations! 3) In the age of social media, petty-leaders/saste-teachers send their blind-bhakts to
rival’s channel for trolling. Blind-bhakts fail to see how they’re misused by the leader. (तृणमूल कांग्रेस में छोटे
नेता आपस में ही एक दूसरे की दुश्मनी निकालने के लिए अपने भक्तों को सामने वाले नेता के ऑफ़िस में भेजते हैं भ्रष्टाचार के आरोप लगाकर वायरल वीडियो यू
ट्यूब पर बनवाते हैं। इस पर तृणमूल कांग्रेस के मुखिया ममता बैनर्जी ने साफ़ साफ़ शब्दों में महुआ मोइत्रा को डांट लगायी, “अगर राजनीतिक पक्ष में किसी व्यक्ति
को दूसरा व्यक्ति नहीं पसंद तो उसके ख़िलाफ़ अख़बार और यूट्यूब में क्लिप चलवाना ऐसी राजनीति के का दिन चल सकती है हमेशा से नहीं चल सकती। चुनाव में
किसको टिकट मिलेगा उसका फ़ै सला चुनाव आने पर करेंगे। सब लोगों ने साथ मिलकर काम करना है।” 🤔 कई बार IAS ऑफ़िसर और कंपनी के CEO
अपने जूनियर स्टाफ़ में लड़ाई का समाधान नहीं करते बल्कि उन से एक दूसरे के ख़िलाफ़ चुगली करवाते रहते हैं और फिर सब जूनियर स्टाफ़ की गंदी हरकतों
की जानकारी लेकर उन सब पर दबाव डालते हैं और उनसे अपने अनैतिक काम करवाते हैं. 🤔 लीडर की ज़िम्मेदारी होती है कि पक्ष में चल रहे छोटे
नेता/अफ़सरों के आंतरिक विवादों को निपटाए। 🤔 हर एक संस्था में आंतरिक शिकायत निवारण तंत्र होना चाहिए. क्योंकि उन सबके सोशल मीडिया में नौटंकी
करने से हमेशा संस्था की बदनामी होती है और विरोधियों के हौसले बुलंद। 🤔 आजकल सोशल मीडिया के ज़माने में कई नेता अपनी अंधे भक्तों को अपने दुश्मन
नेता की सोशल मीडिया चैनल पर ट्रोलिंग करने के लिए भेजते हैं तो उन अंधे भक्तों ने भी सोचना चाहिए कि उनका दुरुपयोग हो रहा है।)

- Ethics: Leadership/Protocol- According to the Indian defense protocol, the President of India may
lay wreath on Amar Jawan Jyoti but he does not lay a wreath on the mortal remains of any single
soldier/officer. Because President being the Supreme Commander of the armed forces, so he/she
cannot differentiate between a general and a soldier when it comes to the way he pays tributes. The
Prime Minister and Defence Minister do it on the President’s behalf. Miscommunication over an
informal memo saying President Ram Nath Kovind. will come to lay wreaths on Gen Bipin Rawat. 🤔
Points to Reflect: President did the right thing by observing the protocol. But new age IAS/IPS
officers tend to violate protocols on many occasions for social media fame, esp. among the
Instagram babu-shonas. भारतीय सैन्य शिष्टाचार के हिसाब से तो भारत के राष्ट्रपति अमर जवान ज्योति जैसे शहीदों के सामूहिक स्मारकों पर
माल्यार्पण/श्रधांजलि देते हैं, तो किसी एक सिपाही या अफ़सर के पार्थिव शरीर पर वे माल्यार्पण नहीं करते। क्योंकि भारत के राष्ट्रपति सेना के सर्वोच्च कमांडर हैं
इसलिए उन्होंने किसी अफ़सर या सैनिक के पार्थिव शरीर में भेद नहीं करना चाहिए। इसलिए ये काम प्रधानमंत्री या रक्षा मंत्री द्वारा किया जाता है। वह कु छ
असमंजस इसलिए हुई क्योंकि जनरल बिपिन रावत के पार्थिव शरीर पर माल्यार्पण करने के लिए राष्ट्रपति भी आएंगे ऐसा कु छ संदेश आया । हालाँकि राष्ट्रपति नहीं
आए क्योंकि शिष्टाचार के हिसाब से वो ऐसा नहीं कर सकते। ग़ौर करने वाली बात ये है कि राष्ट्रपति ने सैन्य शिष्टाचार का अनुपालन किया जबकि आजकल सोशल
मीडिया ने रोयल एंट्री दिखाने के चक्कर में कई IAS IPS अफ़सर भी शिष्टाचार का भंग करते रहते हैं।
- Ethics: Sports Ethics- Olympic committee may remove following sports from 2028 Los Angeles
Olympics- 1) Boxing - corruption in Federation, biased / incompetent referee point system 2)
weightlifting- Doping 3) pentathlon- horse jump- viral video of cruelty shown to the horse by a coach
/ expensive training low participation Low viewership. 😍Separately, IOC had added skateboarding,
surfing and sports climbing in Tokyo-2021 Olympics to attract young audience.
- Ethics: Work life balance: UAE becomes first country to transition to 4.5-day work week. (Monday
to Friday Noon). 😍 Work life balance, first world immigrants feel attracted. UAE has liberalised laws
regarding cohabitation before marriage, alcohol and personal status laws in addition to the
introduction of longer-term visas to lure businesses and talent.
- Ethics/ Leadership- Corporate Governance: Better.com CEO Vishal Garg conducted zoom call with
900 American and Indian employees: “I come to you with not great news. If you’re on this call, you
are part of the unlucky group being laid off. Your employment here is terminated, effective
immediately. You (employees) are stealing" from their coworkers you barely worked for two hours
per day.” This was heavily criticised on social media especially for firing people just before the
Christmas. Then, 3 top-officials resigned citing autocratic leadership of CEO Vishal. Then CEO Vishal
offers apology, “I failed to show the appropriate amount of respect and appreciation for the
individuals who were affected and for their contributions to Better. I own the decision to do the
layoffs but in communicating it I blundered the execution.” Company board has sent him on
leave. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) while it is necessary to remove dead wood from the company for
profitability. A boss cannot have empathy for non-performing staff. 2) but leader needs to show big
heart especially before big festival like Christmas and how such mass-firing is going to be perceived
in the social media affecting the brand value/sales, in the age of social media/WOKISM. 3) employee
can be fired through email/paper notice as well. By doing mass-firing drama on ZOOM - shows CEO’s
lack of foresight over viral video controversy. एक स्टार्टअप कं पनी के CEO ने zoom कॉल में 900 कर्मचारियों को आमंत्रित
किया था और एकसाथ सामूहिक रूप से सबको नौकरी से निकाल दिया। सीईओ का क़हेना है की, ये ९०० कर्मचारी चोर थे, आलसी थे, दिन में मुश्किल से दो
घंटे काम करते थे । इसलिए उन्हें नौकरी से निकालना ज़रूरी था कं पनी के मुनाफ़े के लिए। हालाँकि सोशल मीडिया में भारी विरोध हुआ कि क्रिसमस के कु छ दिनों
पहले ही लोगों को नौकरी से निकालना अच्छी बात नहीं है। बाद में अपनी बेज्जती को बचाने के लिए अब ये CEO महाशय माफ़ी माँग रहे हैं कि “मैंने उन सब
कर्मचारियों की प्रशंसा करनी चाहिए थी और मुझे ये पूरा मामला बेहतर तरीक़े से निपटाना चाहिए था।”। कं पनी बोर्ड ने ceo को कु छ दिनों के लिए छु ट्टी पर भेज
दिया है। 😥 हालाँकि कं पनी मुनाफ़े पर चलती है और इसलिए हमेशा मुनाफ़ा में बाधा रखने वाले सभी तत्वों को कर्मचारियों को हटाना न्यायोचित है। लेकिन साथ
ही साथ बॉस ने ये भी ख़याल रखना चाहिए कि कम्पनी की ब्रांड इमेज सोशल मीडिया में ख़राब न हो ख़ासकर किसी बड़ी त्योहार से पहले मोटे तौर पर कई लोगों
को नौकरी से हटाया जाए तो वो हमेशा सोशियल मीडिया में विवाद खड़ा कर दी है। 🤔 लोगों को ईमेल लिखकर भी तो हटाया जा सकता था जो मीटिंग में
बुलाकर नौटंकी करने की ज़रूरत नहीं थी- कि ऐसी नौटंकी का वायरल विडियो बन सकता है। यानी की इस अफसर में दूरंदेशीता का अभाव है.
- Ethics/ Leadership/Communication/Corporate Ethics: TESLA CEO Elon Musk tweeted that “I am
thinking of leaving my Telsa job to become a social media influencer. What do you think?” 🤔Points
to Reflect: 1) Tesla is a personality based brand. If Elon resigns, some of the big investors may
dump the shares, thinking that Tesla company will not be able to launch a new innovative products
after exit of Elon. As a result even the retail investors (who bought shares) may suffer from share
price fall. Previously to Elon musk tweets have caused panic among the Tesla investors. 2) Fake
rumours of Mukesh Ambani’s health spark fall in Reliance share price. A corporate leader needs to
be very discreet about what he thinks how it will reflect on the company brand image and company
share price. गंजेड़ी इलोन मस्क वापस सोशियल मीडिया मे नौटंकी कर रहा है कि “मैं सोच रहा हूँ कि क्यों न नौकरी छोड़कर सोशल मीडिया इनफलुएंजर
बन जाऊँ ? इस पर आप क्या सोचते हैं?” । हालाँकि बड़ी कं पनियों के CEO द्वारा ऐसी बहेकि बहेकि बातें करने पर बड़े निवेशक डर जाते हैं और वे कं पनी के
शेयर बेच के भागना शुरू करते हैं। जिसके चलते आम निवेशक भी नुक़सान में आ जाता है क्योंकि उसके शेयर्स के दाम भी गिर जाती है। इसलिए हमेशा बड़े नेता
ने उसके दिमाग़ में क्या चल रहा है उसे सार्वजनिक करने से पहले कई बार सोचना चाहिए कि मेरे बयानो/ नौटंकी करने से शेयरधारकों पर क्या असर होगा?
- Ethics/Social Media: African American Actor Jussie Smollett found guilty of staging fake hate crime
against himself in a bid to gain sympathy and boost his film/TV career. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) when
one person from weaker section is found to do this, then the haters begin to discredit all the real
accusations made by other victims. 2) Lynch mob / Sympathy mob mentality of the persons on
social media without verifying the facts. (एक अश्वेत फ़िल्म अभिनेता ने मेरे को गोरों ने मारा है ऐसा झूठा है हमला करवाकर सोशल
मीडिया में लोगों की सहानुभूति पाने की कोशिश की वो पकड़ा गया. जब अल्पसंख्यक समुदाय का कोई एक व्यक्ति ऐसा करता है तो अत्याचारीयो के हौसले बुलंद
होते हैं और बाक़ी सब सच्चे पीड़ितों की बातों पर भी वो झूठेपन का इल्ज़ाम लगाना शुरू करते हैं. यानी कि ये अश्लील फ़िल्म अभिनेता ने ख़ुद की फ़िल्मी करियर
चमकाने के चक्कर में अपने समुदाय का अहित किया है)
- Geography: Kashi Vishwanath corridor - At Varanasi, UP. Modi to inaugurate
- Geography: SOUTH Pacific archipelago New Caledonia holds independence vote to break away
from France.
- Geography: volcanic eruption in Spain’s Canary Islands →island of La Palma’s longest eruption on
record.
- GPSC: “Samaydaan” campaign to be held from December 2021 to April 15, 2022, more than two
lakh teachers of the state will donate 100 hours each in addition to school hours to cover the loss of
teaching during COVID.
- IR/Defense: NATION'S most senior military officer, Chief of Defence Staff General Bipin Rawat
along with 11 people died in Helicopter crash near Coonoor, Tamilnadu. He was on board an Indian
Air Force helicopter (Russian) Mi-17 V5. 1) As per IAF protocol, prior to any VIP flights, the aircraft
undergoes a three-stage mechanical check, 2) Mi-17 V5 is very sturdy and robust, and can fly in
extreme circumstances. But probably hit a tree trunk or its rotor got entangled in overhead cables.
3) bought in 2008, delivery in 2018. 5th crash in last 9 years. (हेलीकाप्टर दुर्घटना में जनरल बिपिन रावत और 11 लोगों
का निधन.)
- IR/Defense: ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Nicaragua breaks ties with Taiwan, switches allegiance to Beijing
- IR/Defense: Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) has dual role. A) permanent head of the Chiefs of Staff
Committee (CoSC), which includes the three service chiefs. B) Secretary of the Department of
Military Affairs (DMA). This post was newly created so there is no clear line of succession unlike the
traditional military jobs having second-in-command to every officer. After death of Gen. Bipin Rawat
in helicopter crash there is a dilemma on who will take his place temporarily? Cabinet Committee
on Security will decide soon. चीफ़ ओफ़ डिफ़ें स स्टाफ़- दो भूमिका निभाता है एक वो चीफ़ ऑफ़ स्टाफ़ समिति की स्थाई अध्यक्ष होते हैं हर
दूसरा कि वो मिलिट्री मामलों के विभाग के सचिव भी होते हैं। जनरल रावत के देहांत के बाद अब कौन CDS बने इस पर द्विधा।
- IR/Defense: China: Sports-Diplomacy. USA officials will boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics in
Beijing because of China’s human rights “atrocities”. Russia’s Vladimir Putin is the only leader of a
major country who has accepted an invitation. Other nations are yet indecisive and waiting to
disclose their cards. 🤔How it affects China? 1) invested heavily in the sports infrastructure and
stadiums. 2) ⏬ the tourist inflow and sports equipment exports and soft-diplomacy. 🤔 Therefore
China has retaliated by threatening: USA shd keep politics out of sports. This boycott reflects the
Cold War mentality of the United States- US just wants to politicize sports, create divisions and
provoke confrontation. But t his approach will find no support and is doomed to fail. Thus Boycott
went against Olympic principles. China threatened unspecified “resolute countermeasures” against
any such move. अमेरिकी अफ़सर शीत ओलंपिक में चीन में नहीं जाएंगे क्योंकि वहाँ मानव अधिकारों का हनन हो रहा है। रशिया के राष्ट्रपति पुतिन के
अलावा किसी भी बड़े राजनेता ने चीन के शीत ओलंपिक में हाज़िरी देने पर अभी तक अनुमति घोषित नहीं की। अगर बड़े देश इस ओलंपिक में हिस्सा नहीं लेंगे तो
चीन में प्रवासन और खेलकू द के साधनों के निर्यात पर नुक़सान होगा। इसलिए चीन ने अमेरिका को धमकी दी है कि अमरीकीयो को इस रवैये के ख़िलाफ़ सख़्त
सबक़ दिया जाएगा।
- IR/Defense: China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) what infrastructure development in Asia and
Africa. Chinese govt is no longer doling out hard cash for projects in Africa,due to loan defaults.
Investment fallen by 54 per cent since 2019. (चीन ने अफ़्रीकी देशों को बेल्ट रोड वाले लोन देना बंद कर दिया है क्योंकि वापस
चुकाने की उनकी ताक़त नहीं रही)
- IR/Defense: DRDO tested VERTICAL Launch Short Range Surface to Air Missile (VLSRSAM) for
Indian Naval warships. VL-SRSAM is meant for neutralising various aerial threats at close ranges,
including seaskimming targets, which are assets that fly as close as possible to sea surface to avoid
being detected by the radars onboard warships.
- IR/Defense: GSM3-NARCO- directorate of revenue intelligence is a body under finance ministry. It
had seized 3000kg heroin from Iran, that landed at the Mundra Port. Bombay HC observed that
DRI can probe smuggling, but can’t seize. DRI has no power to issue show cause notices. DRI
officers are not Customs officers. Past seizures by the agency cannot be used as evidence. According
to DRI officials, the rulings have rendered it toothless and will affect investigations in a number of
cases pertaining to smuggling, duty evasion and trade-based money laundering (अब कु छ दिनों पहले ही
डायरेक्टोरेट ऑफ़ रेवेन्यू इंटेलिजेंस ने ईरान से मुद्रा पॉट में आए 3 हज़ार किलो हेरोइन को ज़ब्त किया था इस पर हाईकोर्ट ने पाया कि B आर आयी के
अफ़सरों को कस्टम ऑफ़िसर वाले अधिकार नहीं है इसलिए वे के वल जाँच कर सकते हैं लेकिन किसी चीज़ को जप्त नहीं कर सकते हैं और उनके द्वारा जप्त
किया सामना कोर्ट में सबूत के रूप में इस्तेमाल नहीं हो सकता.)
- IR/Defense: India Bangladesh. USA, Canada, UK imposed human rights sanctions on China,
Bangladesh, N Korea. Bangladeshi Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) is accused of more than 600
enforced disappearances in the past 12 years, a similar number of extrajudicial killings, and use of
torture against racial minorities/political opponents. 🤔Points to Reflect: Will India condemn the
sanction to show solidarity to its friendly neighbour Bangladesh? (अमरीका ने बांग्लादेश पर प्रतिबंध लागू किये क्योंकि वहाँ
रैपिड एक्शन बटालियन नामक एक सैन्य पुलिस बल द्वारा मानव अधिकार हनन हो रहा है. सोचने का विषय यह है कि भारत इस पर बांग्लादेश के समर्थन में कु छ
बोलेगा की नहि? क्योंकि अगर बोला तो अमरीका बुरा मान जाएगा!)
- IR/Defense: India-UK: Britain is the fifth-largest economy, a permanent member of the UN Security
Council, a major financial centre, and a leading hub of higher education and technology, global
maritime reach and political influence in global policies. So, its friendship/trade-investment deals
can help India’s own economic, political, and security interests. es.p for technological innovations
For more, read Raja Mohan Column at https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/india-uk-
ties-technology-7671433/ (https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/india-uk-ties-
technology-7671433/) (इस ब्रिटेन जो कि दुनिया की पांचवीं सबसे बड़ी अर्थव्यवस्था है संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद का स्थायी सदस्य हैं एक वित्तीय
के न्द्र है उच्च शिक्षा और प्रौद्योगिकी का भी कें द्र है उसके साथ भारत ने ज़्यादा बेहतर रिश्ते और व्यापार समझौता करना चाहिए उसकी लंबी चौड़ी बोल बच्चन आज
राजामोहन ने की है.)

- IR/Defense: internal security- Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), 1958 - its original form
was promulgated by the British in response to the Quit India movement in 1942. After
Independence, Nehru retained it. 🤔 Application: AFSPA can be imposed by the Centre or the
Governor of a state, on the state or parts of it, after it is declared “disturbed’’ under Section 3 of the
Act. Disturbed areas e.g. Northeast states, Jammu & Kashmir, and Punjab during the militancy
years. Presently it’s removed from Punjab, Tripura and Meghalaya. It remains in force in Mizoram,
Nagaland, Manipur, Assam, J&K, and parts of Arunachal Pradesh. 🤔 Salient Features? 1) Act allows
security forces to open fire’, even causing death, against any person if carrying arms and
ammunition (But must give him warning first). 🤔 Arrest individuals without warrants, on the basis of
“reasonable suspicion” (but army must hand over search arrested person to the civilian police within
24 hours) 🤔 3) search premises without warrants. 🤔 4) Immunity to security personnel involved in
such operations: There can be no prosecution or legal proceedings against them without the prior
approval of the Centre. 😥 criticism- abuse of human rights. Manipur activist Irom Sharmila began a
hunger-strike (2000-2016). Fake/hasty encounters to win medals and promotions. 2021: Nagaland
State govt recommended AFSPA repeal after army gunned down 13 civilians in an ambush after
wrong tip/mistaken identity. 😍 SC judgements: 1) security forces cannot open fire without prior
warning to the suspect. 2) Army shd handout arrested to local police station within 24 hours. 3)
Armed forces must act in cooperation with the district administration and not as an independent
body. 4) supreme Court has not declared AFSPA unconstitutional because Constitution has provided
for deployment of armed forces in aid of civil power, for a “temporary period” 😥 5) But there is no
concept of absolute immunity from trial by the criminal court constituted under the Criminal
Procedure Code। (सशस्त्र बल विशेष अधिकार अधिनियम 1958- हिन्द छोड़ो आंदोलन के दौरान अंग्रेजों द्वारा यह क़ानून बनाया था और आज़ादी के
बाद भी नेहरू ने इसे क़ायम रखा. किसी इलाक़े को अशांत घोषित करने के बाद वहाँ सैन्य बलों को अतिरिक्त विशेष अधिकार दिए जाते हैं- जैसे कि वे किसी को
गोली मार सकते हैं। बिना वॉरंट की गिरफ़्तारी और मकानों की तलाशी ले सकते हैं। और बिना कें द्र सरकार की अनुमति के उन जवानो/अफ़सरों के ख़िलाफ़ कोई
क़ानूनन कार्यवाही नहीं हो सकती. 😥 हालाँकि यह क़ानून विवाद में रहता है -मानव अधिकार उल्लंघन और मेडल पदोन्नति की लालच में फ़र्ज़ी एनकाउंटर के
मामलों में. सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने विविध फै सलों में ये बताया है कि 🤔 बिना संदिग्ध को दी चेतावनी दिए सुरक्षा बलों द्वारा गोलीबारी नहीं की जा सकती. 🤔 गिरफ़्तार
व्यक्ति को सेना ने 24 घंटों के भीतर स्थानीय पुलिस को देना होगा. 🤔 सेना ने जिला प्रशासन के साथ सहयोग से काम करना है. 🤔 हालाँकि संविधान में भी
अस्थाई रूप से अशांत इलाकों में सेना को भेजने की कु छ प्रावधान तो है, लेकिन इसका मतलब ये नहीं की सेना पर (फ़र्ज़ी एंकाउंटर के ) आपराधिक मामले नहीं
चलेंगे.) GSM3-2015 QUESTION “Human rights activists constantly highlight the view that the Armed
Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) is a draconian act leading to cases of human rights
abuses by the security forces. What sections of AFSPA are opposed by the activists? Critically
evaluate the requirement with reference to the view held by the Apex Court.”
- IR/Defense: Middle East- ISRAELI PRIME Minister Naftali Bennett is the first Israeli premier to the
visit United Arab Emirates. USA-Trump led “Abraham Accords”(2020)- gradually UAE, followed by
Bahrain, Sudan and Morocco, have moved to normalise ties with Israel.
- IR/Defense: Neighbour-Myanmar: MEA said “it is "disturbed" by the verdicts relating to Myanmar's
ousted leader Aung San Suu Kyi’s 2-4 years jail term. Rule of law and the democratic process must
be upheld. It said any development that “undermines these processes and accentuates differences is
a matter of deep concern”. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) previously Indian government had stayed away
from making statements like this about Myanmar possible to keep the military leader Nay Pyi Taw
in good humour, lest he grows more friendly to China. Else China’s political, military and economic
footprint will grow in Myanmar 2) But now India making such displeasure known. Perhaps
government of India wants to put more pressure with the help of partner countries like USA. (सू की को
जेल की सजा के ख़िलाफ़ भारत सरकार ने खिन्नता जतायी है जो कि शायद पहली बार हुआ है। क्योंकि सामान्य रूप से भारत सरकार म्यांमार के सैन्य शासकों
को नाराज़ नहीं करना चाहती वरना वे चीन की गोद में बैठ जाए)
- IR/Defense: Org-Misc.: first ever White House Summit for Democracy by Biden. Modi and others
participated virtually.
- IR/Defense: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) observes December 8 each
year as the establishment day of the body. 19th Summit was scheduled to be held in Islamabad on
November, 2016. But India boycotted it after a militant attack on an Indian Army camp in Uri on
September, 2016. Bangladesh, Bhutan and Afghanistan also declined to participate in the Islamabad
meet. Now 2021-Nepal PM suggested we should 19th summit at earliest, for deeper regional
integration. उरी में पाकिस्तान द्वारा भारतीय सैन्य छावनी पर आतंकी हमले के बाद इस्लामाबाद में होने वाली सार्क परिषद का बहिष्कार किया था भारत ने।
अब नेपाल वापस परिषद का सुजाव दे है।
- IR/Defense: Taliban- 26th Jan parade. previously Indian government was planning to invite the
BIMSTEC grouping leaders viz Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Nepal and Bhutan. But
plan could not materialised so now Indian government planning to invite the five presidents of
Central Asia — Kazakhstan’s Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, Uzbekistan’s Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Tajikistan’s
Emomali Rahmon, Turkmenistan’s Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow and Kyrgyzstan’s Sadyr Japarov .
Among them, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan share a border with Afghanistan. The five
Central Asian countries are key to the situation in Taliban-ruled Afghanistan,
- Weapons: DEFENCE Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) tested Pinaka-ER Multi
Barrel Rocket Launcher System. 2) Stand-off Anti-Tank Missile (SANT), which was launched from a
helicopter
- Appointment: INDIAN-ORIGIN PROFESSOR Neeli Bendapudi has created history as the first woman
and person of colour to be named as the president of America’s prestigious Pennsylvania State
University.
- Award: Time magazine’s person of the year 2021- Elon Musk founder of Tesla and space X and
cryptocurrency Influenzer. (Facebook’s Mark Zukherberg won in 2015 )
- Award: Miss Universe 2021 won by India’s Harnaaz Sandhu. Venue- Eilat, Israel
- Book: Former CJIs Ranjan Gogoi (now a Rajya Sabha MP): Justice for the Judge: An
Autobiography,
- Death: India’s first woman psychiatrist Sarada Menon (1923-2021) She was from Mangalore. भारत की
सर प्रथम महिला मनोचिकित्सक
- Death: MASAYUKI UEMURA, Japanese electronics engineer who designed Nintendo video game.

- Sports: Max Verstappen won Formula One GP race by defeating Lewis Hamilton at Abu Dhabi GP.
- PIN-Sports/Chess: Magnus Carlsen of Norway beats Ian Nepomniachtchi of Russia to won the FIDE
World Chess Championship in Dubai.
- PIN: 6-Corona: FIRST person in the world to be given a fully-tested Covid-19 vaccine, 91-year-old
Briton Margaret Keenan, urged people to get vaccinated, one year on from her shot.
- PIN: Space tech- Japanese Fashion tycoon Yusaku Maezawa and producer Yozo Hirano became
first self-paying space tourists in more than a decade. who plans to film his mission, blasted off for
the International Space Station in a Russian Soyuz spacecraft along with Russian cosmonaut
Alexander Misurkin. ख़ुद के पैसों से अवकाश पर्यटन
- PIN/Award: architect Balkrishna Doshi has won the Royal Gold Medal 2022 in recognition of his
lifetime’s work by UK's Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA), is among the highest honours in
the world for architecture. He worked as an associate with Le Corbusier on his designs for
Chandigarh and with Louis Kahn on the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. He designed
Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore, housing complex for Life Insurance Corporation (LIC),
Amdavadi ni Gufa- showcasing Painter M.F.Hussain’s work etc.
- PIN/Award: ASSAMESE POET Nilmani Phookan Jr won the 56th Jnanpith Award and Konkani
novelist Damodar Mauzo won the 57th Jnanpith Award. It is the highest Indian award for literature.
साहित्य के लिए ज्ञानपीठ पुरस्कार
- Polity /Legislature: Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Amendment) Bill to fix a clerical
typing error which had helped a financer of the narco smuggling to go free. Opposition parties are
angry because criminal law amended with “retrospective effect”. कु छ बहुत ज़्यादा काम का नहि हें
- Polity /Legislature: Privilege motion against former Chief Justice of India Ranjan Gogoi (Presently
Rajya Sabha member): Because Gogoi said in a recent TV interview, “on medical advice, I am not
attending the Rajya Sabha session due to Covid. Personally, I didn’t feel very comfortable going
there. And the pandemic is on. Even today, I don’t feel very comfortable about going to Rajya
Sabha. Though social distancing norms have been enforced, they are not being observed... The
point is I go to the Rajya Sabha when I feel like, when I think there are matters of importance on
which I should speak.” राज्यसभा सदस्य रंजन गोगोई के ख़िलाफ़ विशेषाधिकार हनन का मामला क्योंकि वे इंटरव्यू में ऐसा बोले कि मैं राज्यसभा
नहीं जाता है क्योंकि वह कोरोना सोशियल डिस्टेंस का चुस्ती से अमल नहीं होता, और मुझे कोरोना का डर लगता है
- Polity- Comparing Constitution / Democracy: Democratic revolutions: Post-Cold war, there have
been many revolutions for democracy, e.g. Velvet revolution (Czechoslovakia 1989). Tulip
revolution (Kyrgyzstan 2005), rose revolution (Georgia 2003) and orange revolution (Ukraine 2004),
Jasmine Revolution / Arab Spring (Tunisia & then spread in Middle East). But in the modern times it
appears that democratic forces are weakening. 😥 Recep Tayyip Erdogan (Turkey), Vladimir Putin
(Russia), Alexander Lukashenko (Belarus) are despots who claim to practice their own forms of
“democracy” but without free and fair elections. 😥Myanmar, Hong Kong citizens are arrested,
imprisoned, beaten and executed. 😥 American british democracy has become more divisive and
anti-immigrant, anti-minority. 😥 Chinese scholars argue that Democracy breeds social divisions,
ethnic antagonisms, political strife, endless political instability and weak and feeble governments. 😥
“surveillance capitalism” by Facebook (selling personal data to Cambridge analytical company which
misused it for electoral manipulation thru targeted ads to help Donald Trump win). FB/Google is
colonising, manipulating, and reshaping the personal lives of many millions of people for the sake of
profit and power 😥 “phantom democracy”: Rulers pretending to be democratic but skilled at
manipulating and meddling with people’s lives/food habits like despots. Their leaders harness public
opinion through polling agencies, think tanks, election campaigns, happiness forums, policy feedback
groups etc. They manage to win the loyalty of sections of the middle classes, skilled and unskilled
workers, and the poor. (शीत युद्ध के अंतिम भाग में और उसके बाद दशकों में पूर्वीय-यूरोप और मध्य-पूर्व एशिया के विभिन्न देशों में लोकतंत्र के
लिए आंदोलन हुए थे। हालाँकि वर्तमान वर्षों में रुस, तुर्की, बेलारूस, म्यांमार जेसे ज़्यादातर देशों में निरंकु श नेता/तानाशाहो के चलते लोकतंत्र के वल नाममात्र है।
😥 मुक्त और निष्पक्ष रूप से चुनाव नहीं किए जाते विपक्षियों को जेलबंध किया जाता है। अमेरिका और ब्रिटेन जैसे ‘पुराने’ लोकतंत्रो मे भी राजनीति ज़्यादा
भेदभावपूर्ण, प्रवासी मज़दूर विरोधी, अल्पसंख्यक विरोधी बन रही है। 😥 चीनी विद्वानों का मानना है कि लोकतंत्र का पाश्चात्य ख़याल ही ग़लत है क्योंकि लोकतंत्र
से के वल सामाजिक विभाजन, जातीय विरोध, राजनीतिक संघर्ष, अंतहीन राजनीतिक अस्थिरता और कमजोर कमजोर सरकारें ही बनती हे। 😥 “लोगों के निजी
जीवन पर निगरानी करनेवाला पूंजीवाद” - फ़े सबुक जैसी बहुराष्ट्रीय डिजिटल कं पनिया लोगों का निजी डेटा बेचती है- कैं ब्रिज एनालिटिक्स का नामक एक कं पनी ने
इस प्रकार के डेटा का दुरुपयोग किया था और लक्षित विज्ञापन द्वारा ट्रंप को जितवाने में मदद की थी। 😥 प्रेत लोकतंत्र: जहाँ शासक लोकतांत्रिक होने का के वल
एक नाटक करता है जबकि लोगों की धार्मिक स्वतंत्रता, खानपान स्वतंत्रता इत्यादि पर परोक्ष रूप से काफ़ी नियंत्रण लगाए जाते हैं। सोशल मीडिया द्वारा लोगों की
भावनाओं /मंतव्यों को बहकाया जाता है। )

- Polity- Executive: Under the Central Universities Act, 2009, President of India shall be the Visitor of
a central university. He presidies over convocations. He appoints Chancellors in central universities.
The VCs too are appointed by the Visitor from panels of names picked by search and selection
committees formed by the Union government. President, as Visitor, shall have the right to authorise
inspections of academic and non-academic aspects of the universities and also to institute inquiries.
2) similarly Governor of the state is the ex-officio chancellor of the universities in that state.
Governor's powers and functions as the Chancellor are laid out in the State govt’s university laws.
- Polity- Judiciary- Executive’s Populism: SUPREME Court expressed displeasure over the Railways
land encroachment by Slums in Gujarat and Haryana. Railway projects are getting delayed because
Government is not proactively preventing the creation of slums or removing them. Authorities may
have “political compulsions” but it is the taxpayers' money which goes "down the drain”. (सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने
नाराज़गी जतायी है कि रेलवे के कई सारे प्रोजेक्ट विलंबित हुए हैं, करदाताओं का पैसा बर्बाद हो रहा है, क्योंकि लोक लुभावन/ राजनीतिक मजबूरियो के लिए
गुजरात और हरियाणा सरकारों द्वारा रेलवे की ज़मीन पर झोपड़ियों के अतिक्रमण/गेरकानूनन क़ब्ज़े को हटाया नहीं जा रहा।)
- Polity- Judiciary: High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service)
Amendment Bill, 2021: Bill seeks to bring clarity on the date of eligibility of a retired judge to receive
additional quantum of pension. During the debate Shashi Tharoor crticiized 1) Judiciary failed to
stem tide of militant majoritarianism 2) Govt is getting judges transferred who had earlier ruled
unfavourably for the government in the Ishrat Jahan and Sohrabuddin cases.” (निवृत्त न्यायाधीशों की तनख़्वाह के
सुधार बारे में विधेयक)
- Polity: Pvt Members bill- While any member of either House can submit a private member's Bill,
just over a dozen have cleared Parliament since independence. 2) The admissibility of a private Bill
is decided by the Chairman (the Vice-President) in the case of the Rajya Sabha and the Speaker in
the case of the Lok Sabha, and these Bills are taken up on Fridays. (निजी सदस्य विधेयक के बारे में कु छ जनरल
नॉलेज- वैसे तो कोई भी सांसद जोकि मंत्री नहीं है वो ऐसा विधेयक पेश कर सकता है लेकिन आज़ादी से लेकर अब तक मुश्किल से एक दर्जन ऐसे बिल ही पास
हो पाए हैं. किसी निजी सदस्य के विधेयक को सदन में पेश करने की अनुमति सभापति के विवेक पर है।)
- Polity: Executive: Governor vs CM- Kerala Governor writes to CM, ‘I want to quit as chancellor of
universities, IN PROTEST against alleged political interference. it was impossible for me to continue
and perform as the chancellor of the universities due to political interference in appointment of
professors and vice chancellors. के रल के राज्यपाल/गवर्नर ने मुख्यमंत्री को पत्र लिखा है कि मैं के रला की अलग अलग विश्वविद्यालयों के
कु लपति की भूमिका से हटना चाहता हूँ क्योंकि उधर नियुक्ति के मामलों में बहुत राजनीतिक दख़ल हो रही है।
- Polity: Intolerance: West Bengal State police had registered cases against some journalist for
writing defamatory articles/YouTube videos. HC observed-1) State force should never be used to
either browbeat a political opinion or the journalists suffer the consequences of what is already in
public domain. 2) At the asme time responsibility of the journalists in how they report the matters,
more so in a 'Twitter age,” 3) There is debasement in the dialogue which is taking place which
needs introspection from the political class across the country. 4) “in a country which prides itself
on its diversity, there are bound to be different perceptions and opinions which would include
political opinions. That is very essence of a democracy”. (और पश्चिम बंगाल पुलिस ने कु छ पत्रकारों के ख़िलाफ़ मामला दर्ज
किया था क्योंकि उन्होंने पुलिस के ख़िलाफ़ कु छ लिखा था- कलकत्ता हाईकोर्ट ने उन मामलों को रद्द करवाया है कि जो चीज़ें पहले से ही सार्वजनिक मंच पे हैं
उनको लिखने बोलने के ख़िलाफ़ किसी को रोकने के लिए पुलिस का दुरुपयोग नहीं होना चाहिए। हालाँकि साथ ही साथ पत्रकारों ने भी ज़िम्मेदारी पूर्वक अपनी
भूमिका निभानी चाहिए- यानी की न्यूज़ को जबरजसती सनसनीख़ेज़ नहीं करना चाहिए। भारत देश की विभिन्नता ही उसके लोकतंत्र की शक्ति है लेकिन आज कल
स्वस्थ संवाद क्यों नहीं हो पा रहा है? अपनी बात रखने वाले लोगों के ख़िलाफ़ ट्रोल-धमकी और पुलिस का प्रयोग क्यों? इसके बारे में राजनीतिक पक्षों ने स्व-
विश्लेषण करना चाहिए।)
- Polity: Judiciary- Govt WAS planning All India Judicial Service or Indian Judicial Service through
competitive exam similar to IAS/IPS, with reservation for SC/ST/OBC. They may be appointed as
additional district judges → District judges → High Court Judges. There may be some grouping /
cadre system : Eastern India, North Eastern India, Northern India, Southern India, Western India. 😥
only two state governments, Haryana and Mizoram, and two high courts, Tripura High Court and
Sikkim High Court, are in favour of the government’s 2015 proposal of creating the AIJS.
आईएएस/आइपीएस की तर्ज़ पे अखिल भारतीय न्यायिक सेवा बनाने के सरकार के प्रस्ताव पर मुश्किल से दो राज्य सरकारें और दो हाईकोर्ट राज़ी है.
- Polity: Judiciary- National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) Act, 2014 was enacted by the
Modi government to regulate the procedure for appointment as Chief Justice of India and other
judges of Supreme Court and Chief Justices and judges of High Courts and for their transfers.
However, in 2015, Supreme Court struck down as unconstitutional an amendment to the
Constitution establishing the NJAC, and continued the present collegium system. 2021- Law and
Justice Minister Kiren Rijiju said THERE IS a growing voice in favour of reintroduction of this bill.
(हाईकोर्ट और सुप्रीम कोर्ट के जजों की नियुक्ति और तबादले के लिए एक राष्ट्रीय न्यायिक नियुक्ति आयोग का क़ानून सरकार ने 2014 में बनाया था लेकिन
सुप्रीमकोर्ट ने 2015 में उसे असंवैधानिक घोषित कर हटा दिया था। हालाँकि वापस सरकार इसे लाने के बारे में शायद सोच रही है)
- Polity: Legislature: legislature- quality of debate declining: Opposition MP asked “why the
government has not yet constituted the Haj committee”. Minority affairs minister replied, “ India has
sent the highest number of pilgrims in 2019 and that the process has become 100 per cent digitised
with more transparency.” This was not the question asked! Opposition MPs complained the govt’s
“inability” to address questions directly. (संसद के प्रश्नकाल में विपक्ष द्वारा पूछे गए प्रश्नों का सरकार द्वारा उत्तर ही नहीं दिया जा रहा है
इधर उधर की बोल बच्चन बातें की जा रही है, असल में उस प्रश्न में पूछे ही नहीं होती। )
- Polity: Local Bodies: Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu- administrator
suspends president of Cong-ruled Diu municipal council-Hitesh Solanki, citing that him continuing in
the post during the trial proceedings of disproportionate assets (DA) and forgery case lodged against
him by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) will "lower the dignity of the office" and "impede" a
fair trial. However councillor says no such provision in constitution because I’m not yet ‘convicted’.
दीव दमन के प्रशासक ने नगर निगम के अध्यक्ष को निलम्बित किया है क्योंकि उसके ख़िलाफ़ आय से अधिक संपत्ति धोखा धड़ी के CBI मामले चल रहे हैं ऐसे
व्यक्ति का नगर निगम में रहना पद की गरिमा को कम करता है और निष्पक्ष जाँच को भी रुकावट डालता है। हालाँकि इस पार्षद का कहना है कि मामला तो चल
रहा हे, अभी तक साबित नहीं हुआ तो मुझे आप नहीं हटा सकते
- Polity: Pvt Members bill- BJP MP Varun Gandhi, piloted a private members’ Bill called the Farmers
Right to Guaranteed Minimum Support Price Realization of Agri-Produce Bill 2021 seeking legal
guarantee for MSP, 50% assured return for farmers on the cost of production of a crop, and a Rs 1
lakh crore fund to compensate them in case they are forced to sell the produce below the MSP.
(किसानों के लिए न्यूनतम समर्थन को क़ानून अधिकार बनाने के लिए निजी सदस्य विधेयक)
- Polity: Rights issues- Human Rights Day is on 10 December every year. to honor the United
Nations General Assembly's adoption and proclamation of human rights on 10 December 1948.
Hansa Jivraj Mehta (3 July 1897 – 4 April 1995) was a reformist, social activist, educator,
independence activist, feminist and writer from India was India’s representative in drafting the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Human Rights declaration provides inalienable rights that
everyone is entitled to as a human being regardless of race, colour, religion, sex, language, political
or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. अंतरराष्ट्रीय मानवाधिकार दिवस 10 दिसंबर
को मनाया जाता है क्योंकि इसी दिन संयुक्त राष्ट्र सामान्य सभा ने इसकी घोषणा की थी। भारत की स्वतंत्रता सेनानी हँसा जीवराज मेहता भी इसका मसौदा बनाने
में शामिल थी।
- Polity: Rights Issues/ Reservation: Himachal govt notifies panel for ‘general category’- a ‘Samanya
Varg Aayog’. Similar body in Madhya Pradesh. But discontinued in Bihar. मध्य प्रदेश की तर्ज़ पर हिमाचल प्रदेश में भी
सामान्य वर्ग के लिए आयोग बनाया जा रहा है।
- Polity: Rights Issues/Secularism: Guj HC revokes (some) municipal corporations’ drive of removal
of non-veg stalls for protecting religious sentiments of Hindus/Jains. कु छ दिनों पहले जो गुजरात के अलग अलग नगर
निगम द्वारा धार्मिक कारणों के चलते मांसाहारी खाद्य पदार्थों के गल्ले/ठेलो को सड़कों से हटाया जा रहा था - उसे गुजरात हाईकोर्ट ने बंद करवाया,
- Polity: Secularism/Intolerance: Jharkhand’s Prevention of Mob Violence and Mob Lynching Bill,
2021 to punish mob lynching & intimidation or coercive environment against the victim. Punishment
upto life term, fine minimum 25 lakh- to be recovered by selling the assets properties of the
criminal.
- Polity: Social Media: Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics
Code) Rules, 2021. Digital media companies unhappy over its strict rules, approached MADRAS High
Court ke these rules violate Articles 14 (equality), 19 (1) (a) and 19 (1) (g) of the Constitution
pertaining to right to freedom of speech and expression and right to profession. Madras HC asked
the central government not to take any coercive action against digital media companies without
seeking Highcourt’s permission. Similar orders by Kerala HC and Bombay HC. (सरकार की सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी
डिजिटल मीडिया नियमों के खिलाफ़ कु छ कं पनियां हाईकोर्ट में गई थी मद्रास हाईकोर्ट ने सरकार को आदेश दिया है कि हमारी अनुमति के बिना उन कं पनियों के
ख़िलाफ़ कोई कार्रवाई न की जाए)
- Sci- Space tech: Nasa’s newest X-ray observatory named IXPE (Imaging X-ray Polarization
Explorer). For studying exploded stars, black holes and other violent high-energy events unfolding in
the universe. actually consists of three space telescopes placed in orbit.
- Sci-6 Corona: booster dose is an additional shot given after the protection provided by the original
vaccine shot(s) has begun to decrease immunity over time, so that people can maintain their level of
immunity for longer. Because antibodies decay over time, and even memory T-cells will die after a
few years or months. BioNTech and Pfizer have said a three-shot course was able to neutralise the
Omicron variant in a laboratory test. Indian Govt says we will take expert advice on giving booster
shot (because cannot give third shot to entire population due to financial constraints). Omricon
variant of Corona appears to spread very easily in the unvaccinated population, based on reports
from Africa. Whether this will be the case in fully vaccinated people is unclear.
- Science: Space-tech- Anil Menon Indian-origin doctor among 10 chosen by NASA as astronauts
future missions. He was SpaceX's first flight surgeon, helping to launch the company’s first humans
to space
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ 2K denomination now 15.1% of total value of notes in circulation. Let 📙📙ES22 come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Diego Maradona’s watch, stolen from Dubai, has been recovered in Assam. There’s a
travelogue there
come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ How CBSE papers are set.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ How deposits are insured by DICGC when a bank fails. 500 times we have studied this.
Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series-Pillar1D. Its Handout available at
https://mrunal.org/download
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Sri Lanka President prorogues Parliament & leaves for Singapore. Probably to arrange
some money/loans for country. दुनिया के महानतम नेता संसद छोड़कर सिंगापुर भागे क्योंकि देश में पैसे ख़त्म हो गया.
- EcoPil1D-Insurance/Pension: rural development ministry-> National Social Assistance Programme
(NSoAP) → BPL PH, Widows, Elderly get around ₹200 pension per month. NsoAP subscheme →
National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS): If BPL family breadwinner dies, family gets ₹20,000. 😥
Criticism: Amount very low in the modern times. Critics alleged that the government is deliberately
undermining the scheme to force the poor people to join contributory schemes such as the Atal
Pension Yojana (APY), PM-Jivan Jyoti Bima Yojana, Shram Yogi Maan-dhan Scheme etc. Because of
the corona crisis it is difficult for persons to contribute subscription premium/fees. (ग्राम विकास मंत्रालय का
राष्ट्रीय सामाजिक सहायता कार्यक्रम- जिसमें ग़रीबी रेखा के नीचे वाले परिवारों को ₹२०० पेंशन और घर के मुखिया की मृत्यु पर २०००० का बीमा- इसके लिए
ग़रीब परिवार ने कोई किश्त फ़ीस चुकानी नहीं होती। हालाँकि वर्तमान समय में ये रक़म नाकाफी है। लेकिन सरकार के पास पैसा नहीं इसलिए सरकार एसी है नई
नई योजनाएं चला रही है जहाँ पर ग़रीब आदमी ने ख़ुद के जेब से भी कु छ पैसा बीमा/पेंशन किश्त में चुकाना पड़ा जैसे कि अटल पेंशन, श्रमयोगी मानधन
इत्यादि)

- EcoPil4A-Agro: plant varieties are not eligible for patent act but they can be registered under
Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights (PPV&FR) Act, 2001. Pepsi had registered Potato
plant variety FL-2027 (commercial name FC-5) for its Lays-Chips. Gujarat farmers when given the
planting material under contract farming. But after contract expired the farmers continue to grow it
for rival companies so Pepsi had filed court case (later on withdraw after criticism/political pressure)
then 2021the statutory body under this act has cancelled the registration citing that Pepsi had given
wrong information because breeder (Pepsi) did not provide the Registrar with necessary documents
required under the Act. (पौधों / वनस्पति/ बीज का पेटट नहि हो सकता है लेकिन उसका पंजीकरण “पौधों की किस्मों और किसानों के अधिकारों
का संरक्षण अधिनियम, 2001” में होता है। उसके बाद ऐसे अधिकार पत्र वाले निर्माता की अनुमति के बिना दूसरे लोग उसका उत्पादन नहीं कर सकते हैं। पेप्सी
कम्पनी ने आलू की संकर प्रजाति का पंजीकरण करवाया था और गुजरात के किसानों को उगाने के लिए दिया था अपनी पोटैटो चिप्स बनाने के लिए बाद में जो
फटाफट अनुबंध समाप्त हुआ फिर भी गुजरात के किसान वही आलू उगाकर प्रतिस्पर्धी कं पनियों को बेच रहे थे न तो पेप्सी ने अदालत में दावा ठोका था लेकिन
बाद में जनाक्रोश और राजनीतिक दबाव में के स वापस लिया था अब इस पौधा पंजीकरण की वैज्ञानिक संस्था ने पेप्सी का ये पौधे पर अधिकार पत्र ही रद्द कर
दिया है कि आपने सारी जानकारी ग़लत दी थी।)
- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: While GDP is the preferred variable for measuring growth, the fact is that
GDP is “derived” by taking the GVA data and adding the taxes earned by the government on
different products and then subtracting all the subsidies given by the government on products. GDP
= (GVA) + (Taxes earned by the government) — (Subsidies provided by the government) In other
words, and especially while analysing quarterly growth data, it makes a lot of sense to look at GVA
because apart from telling us about the overall health of the economy, it also tells us which sectors
are struggling and which are leading the recovery. Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture
Series. Its Handout available at https://mrunal.org/download (GDP GVA में क्या अंतर है वो सब हम पहले ही पढ
चुके है )
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: A RELATIVELY lesser known cryptocurrency token named after the
Greek letter omicron saw its price surge more than 10 times in a matter of two days from 70 dollars
to 700 dollars . 🤔Points to Reflect: complete mass hysteria going on over assets they have no
Intrinsic value.
- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: 1) Infinity Forum: A seminar organised by International Financial
Services Centres Authority (IFSCA, Gandhinagar, Gujarat) and Bloomberg. To discuss about the Fin-
Tech industry. PM, FM, Ambani etc doing Chikni-Chupdi baatein. 2) Ministry of electronics and IT
ministry (MeitY) on Friday released a national strategy on blockchain for e-goverance: I am not
making summary of it because already we have enough content for it in Pillar1A1 of my Full length
course on Economy. (डिजिटल भुगतान के बारे में चिकनी चुपड़ी बातें करने के लिए एक राष्ट्रीय कार्यक्रम हो रहा है लेकिन वो सारी चिकनी चुपड़ी
बातें हम पहले ही काफ़ी बार पढ़ चुके )
- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: Farm Loans- during the election season union and state government
announce farm loan waivers which is harming the credit culture. 😥 There is neither a unified
mechanism/law to tackle Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) in the farm sector Because Agriculture being
a state subject. Union government is thinking of setting up a bad bank to address this. Separately
for loan account bigger than ₹500Cr, there is already bad bank (NARCL-IDRCL) created in Budget
2021. (कृ षि क़र्ज़ों के निपटान के लिए बेड बेंक बनाने के बारे में सरकार सोच रही है)
- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: FINANCE MINISTER Nirmala Sitharaman on sought Parliamentary
clearance for an additional spending of Rs 3.70 lakh crore worth supplementary demands for grants.
😥 15th finance commission has criticised the government for the lack of Fiscal marksmanship.
Supplementary grants undermine the accountability because they do not receive as much attention
as the General budget presented in the February (so in the general budget government will do
window dressing of the data that fiscal deficit is under control but later on they will keep the money
supplementary grants which will not receive as much attention of media journalist and opposition
parties). (फ़रवरी में प्रस्तुत होने वाले सामान्य बजट में तो सरकार आंकड़ों में लीपापोती करके फू ल गुलाबी चित्र पेश करती है कि टेक्ष/कराधान में बहुत
कमाई होगी और उसके सामने ख़र्चे मर्यादित मात्रा में होंगे लेकिन असल में उनकी वित्तीय निशानेबाज़ी बहुत कमज़ोर होती है लक्ष्य अंक हासिल होती है नहीं और
बाद में अनुदान की अनुपूरक मांग करते रहेते है शीत सत्र में जब मीडिया मामलों को भुला चुका होता है। वित् आयोग ने भी इसकी निंदा की थी)
- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: Kerala High Court not satisfied with the reasons pointed out by the
Centre and the GST Council on why petroleum products could not be brought under the GST regime
due to Corona crisis. We’ll study this more in Win22 to start from Feb-2022 after budget and
economic survey published by govt. download location: mrunal.org/download
- EcoPill3A-BoP/Intl-Trade: US Treasury’s Currency Manipulators List (countries who are accused of
having a opaque monetary policies to keep their currency weaker compare to US dollar for export
benefits)-> “Monitoring List" →China, Japan, South Korea, Germany, Ireland, Italy, India, Malaysia,
Singapore, Thailand, and Mexico and Switzerland. (जानबूझकर अपनी स्थानिक मुद्रा को डॉलर के मुक़ाबले कमज़ोर रखके अपने
निर्यात को बढ़ाने की कोशिश करने वाले देशों को अमेरिका मुद्रा जोड़ तोड़ करने वाले देशों की निगरानी सूची में रखता है)
- EcoPill3A-BoP/Intl-Trade: GITA GOPINATH, the India-born, first female chief economist of the
International Monetary Fund (IMF). Her tenure was expiring and she was supposed to return to
Harward University teaching in 2022 but now she's given number two position in IMF. She’ll be the
first deputy managing director (FDMD). (गीता गोपी नाथ बनेगी अंतरराष्ट्रीय मुद्रा कोष की दूसरे दर्जे के सबसे महत्वपूर्ण अधिकारी)
- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation reports India’s
gross domestic product grew by 8.4 per cent in the second quarter of the current financial year.
Let 📙📙ES22 come. (2021 की दूसरी तिमाही में भारत का आर्थिक वृद्धि दर आठ प्रतिशत रहा)

- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation/Labour: A rural worker (men in the non-agricultural segment) in Kerala


earned an average of Rs 677.6 daily for 2020-21, taking the top position among the states, says RBI
report. While the national average is Rs 315.3. Whereas Maharashtra, UP, Bihar, Gujarat- workers
get less than 300 per day. 🤔Points to Reflect: 🤔 1) Kerala labour unions, leftist politics more
powerful so, minimum wages more effective. In other states industrialist could pay of the police or
goods to break up the labour strikes 🤔 2) Kerala higher education-> abroad migration, TFR<2 so
aging population so shortage of Labourers. North Indians may not come in great number because of
the language Problems. So the shortage of labourers will also fuel a hard level of wages. 🤔 3) if the
BabuShonas are finding “KERALA MODEL BAHUT MAHAAN”- are they willing to bear the burden of
higher cost of agro & manufacture goods on account of increased minimum wages (when the middle
class’s own wages are stagnant & Banks are not giving good return on savings and Sharemarket also
going down)? 🤔 4) Industrial development is less in Kerala due to higher wages, industrialist prefer
MP-Rajasthan etc. said economic survey. 5) on account of higher population & migration- northen
and western parts have more supply of labour so wages get suppressed because a more desperate
migrant will be willing to work for cheaper wages. (पूरे भारत में ग्रामीण ग़ैर कृ षि मज़दूरी के लिए सबसे ज़्यादा वेतन के रला में मिल
रहा है - प्रति दिन के 677 रुपए, उसके मुक़ाबले में गुजरात महाराष्ट्र उत्तर प्रदेश बिहार इत्यादि राज्यों में राष्ट्रीय औसत ₹३०० से भी कम वेतन मिल रहा है।
इस क्योंकि के रला में मज़दूर संघ और वामपंथी राजनीति ज़्यादा सशक्त है इसलिए न्यूनतम वेतन न मिलने पर हड़ताल पर जाना धरना गिरा प्रदर्शन होते रहता है.
जबकि अन्य कु छ राज्यों में उद्योगपति पुलिसिया गुंडों को रिश्वत देकर ऐसी हड़ताल तुड़वा देता है. के रला में कम होती आबादी के चलते मज़दूरों की क़िल्लत रहती
है तो स्वाभाविक है तनख़्वाह थोड़ी ज़्यादा हो. जबकि गुजरात महाराष्ट्र उत्तर प्रदेश बिहार में मज़दूरों की क़िल्लत नहीं है तो कोई न कोई मजबूरी में सस्ते वेतन में
भी काम करने को राज़ी हो जाएगा। यदि के रला की तर्ज़ पर पूरे भारत में सभी मज़दूरों को प्रतिदिन कम से कम छह सौ रुपया मिलने चाहिए ऐसी महानता बाबूशोनो
को दिख रही है तो क्या वे इस बात के लिए तैयार है कि मज़दूरों की ज़्यादा तनख़्वाह के चलते सभी चीज़ वस्तुओं के दाम भी बढ़ेंगे जो ग्राहकों पर बोझ डालेगा
क्योंकि मध्यम वर्ग ख़ुद भी जूझ रहा है न ठीक तनख़्वाह मिल रही है, नही बैंक और शेयर बाज़ार से बचत पर ठीक मुनाफ़ा.)
- EcoPill6: HRD: 6-Corona: No free Covid-19 treatment for those not vaccinated: Kerala CM. State
cannot bear the cost of such irresponsible persons. जिस व्यक्ति ने कोरोना टीका नहीं लिया है उसे अगर कोरोना हुआ तो के रला
राज्य सरकार मुफ़्त उपचार नहीं करेगी। ग़ैर ज़िम्मेदार लोगों के ख़र्चे करदाताओं की जेब से नहीं निकाले जा सकते हैं।
- EcoPill6: HRD: National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5)- the data was released in two phases for
group of States. Phase-II: covered 11 states (including Uttar Pradesh (UP), Tamil Nadu, Punjab,
Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh (MP), Jharkhand, Haryana, and Chhattisgarh) and about 49 per cent of
the population. Findings- (i) The success of the Narendra Modi government’s New Welfarism — the
public provision of essential, and essentially private, goods and services such as cooking gas, toilets,
bank accounts, power, housing, and cash; (ii) Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra facing equal or more
Child stunting than Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) GSDP-wise rich/
economically progressive state does not automatically mean human development. 2) Gujarat’s
Panchamahal & Dangs region- Poor infrastructure and lack of economic opportunities. It’ll average-
down whatever health-education progress may be present in Surat/A’bad. 3) even in the rich and
affluent class problem of malnutrition maybe present due to fast-food and Instagram-dieting. 4)
Lower middle-class families suffer from non-enforcement of minimum wages and non-inclusion in
BPL schemes. Person earning 12-15k per month cannot be expected to provide really healthy and
nutritious food to the family. Government needs to ensure their inclusion in the nutrition schemes.
(राष्ट्रीय परिवार स्वास्थ्य सर्वेक्षण में पाया गया कि असल में गुजरात और महाराष्ट्र में कु पोषण की समस्या मध्य प्रदेश से ज़्यादा बढ़ रही है यानी कि आर्थिक वृद्धि
अपने आप मानव विकास नहीं करती है। कई सारे निम्न मध्यम वर्ग के लोग न तो उन्हें ग़रीब कल्याण वाली योजनाओं का फ़ायदा मिलता है और न ही उनकी
तनख़्वाह कितनी अच्छी है कि वो ख़ुद से पोषण युक्त खाना ख़रीद सकें तो सरकार ने इसका संज्ञान लेना चाहिए। साथ ही साथ अमीरी एक पोषण की बढ़ोतरी
-अपने EcoPill6:
आप नहीं होतीHRD:यदि व्यक्तिWorld
फ़ास्ट फ़ू डInequality
और इंस्टाग्राम Report
डाइटिंग के चक्कर
2022 में है)
Co-authored by economist Thomas Piketty
observed that 1) richest 10 per cent own around 60-80 per cent of wealth and the poorest half
systematically own less than 5 per cent of wealth 2) Women today get just onethird of all labour
income in the world. Suggested more progressive tax on rich. (विश्व असमानता रिपोर्ट में पाया गया कि पूरी दुनिया की
60-80 प्रतिशत की संपत्ति- के वल 10% अमीरों के क़ब्ज़े में हैं जबकि सबसे ग़रीब लोगों के पास पूरी दुनिया की 5% संपत्ति भी नहीं है. अमीरों पर ज़्यादा
कर लगाया जाए ऐसी सिफ़ारिश)
- Environment/ Biodiversity: discovered a new marine reptile named Kyhytysuka sachicarum. Word
from an indigenous language In central Colombia (समुद्री सरीसृप)
- Environment/Pollution: GHG Emission- As per the report of the Ministry of Environment, Forest,
and Climate Change submitted to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change- largest sources
of GHG: energy generation (largely coal-based thermal power) is the biggest culprit with a share of
44% in greenhouse gas emissions, followed by manufacturing and construction (18%), agriculture
(14%), transport (13%) industrial processes and product use (8%) and waste burning (3%).
Suggestions: Electrification of transport (reduce GHG emission by 6 GigaTonnes; battery
technology); decarbonisation of the grid (21 GT; 50% of electricity from solar and wind; no new oil
and gas plants after 2021; retirement of thermal power); fix food (7 GT; no nitrogen-based
fertilisers; contain methane/nitrous oxide emissions from rice farming); protect nature (7 GT; net
zero deforestation and elimination of deep sea trawling); clean up industry (8 GT; reduce carbon
intensity in cement/steel/aluminum); remove carbon (10 GT; nature-based and engineering
solutions). (जलवायु परिवर्तन से लड़ने के लिए वायु प्रदूषण कै से कम करें उसकी कु छ चिकनी चुपड़ी बातें पुनरावर्तित हो रही है)
- Environment/Pollution: INDIA IS THE fifth largest car market in the world and has the potential to
become one of the top three in the near future. India is among a handful of countries that supports
the global EV30@30 campaign, which aims for at least 30 per cent new vehicle sales to be electric
by 2030. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s advocacy of five elements for climate change —
“Panchamrit” — at the recently concluded COP26 in Glasgow is a commitment to the same. The PM
espoused various ideas, like renewable energy catering to 50 per cent of India’s energy needs,
reducing carbon emission by 1 billion tonnes by 2030 and achieving net zero by 2070, so that future
generations can lead secure and prosperous lives वाहन प्रदूषण कम करना है, इलेक्ट्रिक वाहनों को प्रोत्साहन, ग्लासगो सम्मेलन की
वही सब घिसी पिटी बातें
- Environment/Pollution: Solar farm: solar panels to be fixed at a 10 feet height with due spacing to
let enough sunlight come to the plants for photosynthesis. These “solar trees” can then become the
“third crop” for the farmers, earning them regular income throughout the year, up to Rs 1 lakh per
acre per year from this “solar farming”. Under the solar panel, farmer can grow two crops . This will
double farmers’ income within a year. (सौर खेत-यानी कि किसान खेत में ही 10 फ़ु ट की ऊँ चाई पर सौर पैनल लगाए जिससे बिजली
पैदा हो और उसी की छाँव में दो अलग अलग फ़सलें भी लगायी जाए। एसी सौर बिज़िली बेचके किसान को एक-एकड़ के खेत से एक लाख रुपये तक की आमदनी
प्रतिवर्ष हो सकती है।)
- Ethics: education- Rajya Sabha standing committee on education recommended that 1) Ensure
Indian freedom fighters, from various regions/ parts of the country and their contributions, get a
place in History textbooks. 2) “adequate incorporation” of Sikh and Maratha history in the
curriculum, 3) books to be gender-inclusive. 3) “ancient wisdom and knowledge” from the Vedas
be incorporated in the curriculum (संसदीय समिति ने सिफ़ारिश की है कि पाठ्यपुस्तकों में बदलाव हो, कम मश्हूर स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों का
भी नाम भी लिया जाए, मराठा और सिख इतिहास के बारे में भी ज़्यादा लिखा जाए, इतिहास में महिलाओं के योगदान पर भी ज़्यादा ज़िक्र हो तथा वेदों में जो
प्राचीन ज्ञान है उसे भी शामिल किया जाय। )
- Ethics: empathy inclusion of HIV patients: Britain plans to allow people who have tested positive
for HIV to join the armed forces if they no longer carry a detectable amount of the virus, “As a
modern and inclusive employer, it is only right that we recognise and act on the latest scientific
evidence,” (ब्रिटिश सेना में HIV संक्रमित व्यक्ति भी नौकरी पे लग सकता है यदि उसके शरीर में वायरस की मात्रा कम हो)
- Ethics: empathy for the weaker section versus data collection methodology of government- 1)
previously government reply to Parliament that no person died because of lack of oxygen in Corona
wave 2.0. 2) Union Agriculture Minister Narendra Singh Tomar that the government had "no record"
of farmers who died during their agitation against the three agriculture laws. So there is no plan to
provide financial assistance to the families of the deceased farmers. (सरकारी आंकड़ों में कमज़ोर वर्ग के प्रति अनुकं पा
की कमी पहले संसद में ये कहा कि ऑक्सीजन की क़िल्लत के चलते कोई आदमी मरा नहीं कोरोना में, और अब कह रहे हैं कि किसान आंदोलन के दौरान भी कोई
किसान मरा नहीं)

- Ethics: Education- Sociology NCERT textbook for Class XII talks about “two most traumatic
contemporary instances of communal violence — the Delhi anti-Sikh violence of 1984 under a
Congress government at the Centre, and the anti-Muslim violence in 2002 Gujarat under a BJP
government”. CBSE exam 2021- MCQ asked The unprecedented scale and spread of anti-Muslim
violence in Gujarat in 2002 took place under which government?” Options: “Congress”, “BJP”,
“Democratic” and “Republican”. After protests, CBSE tweeted - “we will remove this MCQ and take
strict action against those responsible. Because question violated guidelines that paper-setters need
to ensure that “the questions should be academic oriented only and should not touch upon domains
that could harm sentiments of people based on social and political choices. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1)
previously UPSC CAPF exam asked about poll violence in Bengal but did not remove the question
despite protests. Once the organisation acknowledges the problem on social media “e.g. we’ll
remove question”, it emboldens the protestors/social media/ time pass columnists. Without
cancelling the question, better to just sit on it, till another news/controversy erupts (Farm law
repeal) and media forgets about it. Whatever actions need to be taken to prevent the recurrence of
‘inappropriate MCQs’ - should be done behind the curtain, instead of beating drum that we are going
to cancel the question and take strict action against this!- because it also leaves a poor impression
on the students that there are some questions that must not be asked or discussed- not good for
democratic values. 2) stakeholders perspectives could be different- A) students/teachers/parents B)
DeshBhakt Youtubers wanting page views C) Anti-Modi Stand up comedians wanting pageviews.
But, D) CBSE Chairman (IAS)’s perspective should be: A civil servant should to ensure that his
organisation does not come in news either for positive or for negative purpose. Because whenever
protests are done- they take up the time and resources required to pay attention to more important
matters. Whenever officer is projected as ‘HERO’ in social media, then disgruntled politicians dig out
the skeletons from the cupboard (e.g. Aryan Khan case controversies involving NCB/IRS officer’s
Muslim Religion vs SC certificate, his Mauritius trip with family etc.), and to protect yourself (IAS)
you may have to seek favours from another set of politicians who will, later on, demand undue
favours from you! E) how to prevent recurrence? “As CBSE chairman, I will check all the exam
papers before approving”- ✋ if you engage in that clerk-Giri, you will not be able to finish other
tasks. Work need to be delegated on professional and competent subordinates. (CBSE की परीक्षा में प्रश्न
पूछा गया कि 2002 के गुजरात दंगों के दौरान राज्य में किसकी सरकार थी? हंगामे के बाद सोशल मीडिया में CBSE ने बयान जारी किया कि इस प्रश्न को
परीक्षा से रद्द कर रही है तथा जिस ने यह प्रश्न बनाया था उसके ख़िलाफ़ भी सख़्त कार्रवाई होगी क्योंकि हमने सभी परीक्षकों को हिदायत दी थी कि ऐसे प्रश्न न
पूछे जाएं जिससे फ़ालतू में/ अनावश्यक रूप से लोगों की सामाजिक और राजनीतिक भावनाएँ आहत हो। )
- GSM4- leadership qualities / corruption: Myanmar Suu Kyi State Counsellor of Myanmar and
Minister of Foreign Affairs (2016-21) CONVICTED FOR ‘INCITEMENT, BREACHING COVID CURBS’: 2-
4 years jail by the military dicators. TRIALS for the various charges Suu Kyi faces have been
described by the UN and foreign governments as politically motivated attempts to discredit the
Nobel laureate and neutralise opposition to the junta’s rule. The trials are being conducted behind
closed doors, and Suu Kyi’s lawyers have been barred from speaking to the media. If she is
convicted in all the 11 cases against her, she could be facing around 100 years in jail. 🤔Points to
Reflect: Nelson Mandela was not re-jailed after becoming President of South Africa, because he was
a more ‘tactful’ leader and knew how to get along with others. Zimbabwe - after freedom- whites
were removed from job and blacks were installed even if they were unskilled so Robert Mugabe’s
regime resulted in high inflation and economic problems in Zimbabwe. But South Africa- Mandela
kept whites in key positions if he couldn’t find competent persons from other races. Every Activist
can’t be a good administrator- Greta & Malala’s fans shd keep that in mind. 🤔 Democratic forces
weak/divided in Myanmar on religious/ethnic lines- Buddhist vs Rohingya, Mining tycoons etc- Suu
Kyi alone can’t bring ‘democracy’ with the help of the Western Powers. It has to develop from within.
🤔 Even after fodder scam conviction, Lalu out on bail. Suu Ki has spent 15 years of her life in
house arrest. If punishment doesn’t seem to be done in ‘letter and spirit’ then future politicians may
not feel afraid of corruption. (कोरोना तालाबंदी के नियमों का उल्लंघन और जनता में दंगे फै लाने के आरोप में सू-की को २-४ साल की सजा।
कु ल मिलाकर उस पर 11 मामले चल रहे हैं यदि सभी में दोषारोपित हुई तो १०० साल की जेल होगी। वो पिछले 15 सालों से वैसे भी घर मे नज़रके द ही
थी। 🤔 नेल्सन मंडेला आंदोलनकारी थे जेल गए थे बाद में रिहा होकर राष्ट्रपति बने इसके बाद वापस उनको विपक्षी/सेन्य तानाशाहों ने जेल नहीं भेजा गया था.
क्योंकि वो एक व्यवहारकु शल नेता थे. विपक्षियों को भी साथ लेकर चल सकते थे. शायद सू-की आंदोलनकारी है, लेकिन व्यवहारकु शल नेतृत्व उसमें कम लगता है
इसलिए सैन्य शासकों के साथ तालमेल बिठा नही पाई। यानी कि हर एक आंदोलनकारी अच्छा प्रशासक बन सके ये ज़रूरी नहीं है ऐसा आप लोग ग्रेटा-थरबर्ग़
और मलाल यसूफ़ज़ाइ के भक्तों को बताना। 🤔 म्यांमार में लोकतांत्रिक ताक़तों कमज़ोर हैं आपस में ही बौद्ध और रोहिंग्या मुसलमान लड़ रहे हैं, सू-की अके ले
कितना करे? लोगों के दिलों में ख़ुद लोकतंत्र की भावना जाननी चाहीये। विदेशी ताक़तों की मदद से उसका उतत्थान नहीं हो सकता 🤔 इधर चारा घोटाले में
दोषारोपित होने के बाद भी लालू यादव को ज़मानत पर घूम रहे हैं- यदि भ्रष्टाचार के आरोपी को वास्तव में सज़ा मिली हो ऐसा प्रतीत न हो तो भविष्य में दूसरे
भ्रष्टाचारियों के हौसले बुलंद ही रहते हैं की हमारा कोई कु छ उखाड़ नहि सकता।)
- Ethics: social Media fake quotations - Ivanka Trump tweeted a quote “if facts do not support the
theory that change the fact” But, Einstein had said no such thing. Social media has become a fake
quote factory. As any idiot who likes to win arguments - will give fake quote from an authoritative
source. (जब विवाद में एक बेवकू फ़ हार नहीं लगता है तो वो किसी बड़ी व्यक्ति के नाम पर नक़ली सुवाक्य जोड़कर, विवाद जीतना चाहता है। जेसे की
डॉनल्ड ट्रम्प की बेटी की माँग का ने कहा कि आइंस्टाइन ने कहा है कि यदि तथ्य किसी थियरी के समर्थन में न हो तो उन तथ्यों को बदल देना चाहिए जबकि
आइंस्टाइन ऐसा कभी बोला ही नहीं था लेकिन मैक्सिकन प्रवासी मज़दूर, अश्वेत लोग, अल्पसंख्यक समुदाय के बारे में अपनी कोई भी वैमनस्य पूर्ण चीज़ को
साबित करने के लिए ट्रंप परिवार तथ्यों को मोड़ते रहा है, और ऐसा कर उन्होंने चुनाव भी जीता है।)
- Ethics- Sexual harassment in Australian Parliament - govt enquiry report found that 1) Australian
parliament work culture driven by power imbalances between members of Parliament and their
staffs.2) sexual harassment was normalized and offenders acted with impunity because there were
few avenues for recourse, the review says. 3) The “fly in, fly out” nature of Parliament — most
lawmakers and staff members do not live in the nation’s capital, Canberra, and stay there only
during the weeks when it is in session — created a sense of isolation & freedom with no
fear/concern of parents/wives/children. So, men preferred to stay late at work or to drink with their
colleagues, heightening the risk of misconduct. (ऑस्ट् रेलियाई संसद में महिलाओं का यौन उत्पीड़न जिस पर सरकारी
जाँच रिपोर्ट ने पाया कि- ऑस्ट् रेलियाई विधायक अपने स्टाफ़ के साथ यौन उत्पीड़न करें तो उसमें शिकायत निवारण के अवसर कम होते
हैं इसलिए उनके हौसले बुलंद हो गए। ऑस्ट्रेलिया की राजधानी कै नबरा में सांसद के वल संसद सत्र के लिए रुकते हैं फिर वापस अपने वतन दूर दूर चले जाते हैं।
इसलिए अपने माता पिता पत्नी बच्चे बहूत दूर होने के कारण वे ख़ुद को ज़्यादा स्वतंत्र समज कर देर रात तक दोस्तों के साथ ही शराब पीते हैं और फिर नशे मे
धूत होके महिलाओं से बदसूलिकि करते हे)
- Ethics: attitude towards women: International organisations have frozen funding to Afghanistan
after Taliban took over. Under the international pressure, The Taliban issued Governing rules about
women: “A woman is not a property, but a noble and free human being; no one can give her to
anyone in exchange for peace...or to end animosity, Women should not be forced into marriage and
widows should have share in their late husband’s property. 😥 there is no mention of the education
and employment rights of women. (अंतरराष्ट्रीय संगठनों से दान चंदे का पैसा निकलवाने के लिए तालिबान चिकनी चुपड़ी बातें कर रहा है
कि महिलाओं को ज़बरन शादी नहीं करवाई जाएगी विधवा महिला को उसके पति की संपत्ति में अधिकार मिलेगा हालाँकि उनकी इस घोषणा पत्र में महिलाओं की
शिक्षा और रोज़गार के बारे में कोई ज़िक्र नहीं)
- Geography: Places in News: Antarctica has six months of continuous daylight in the summer (the
current season in the southern hemisphere) and six months of continuous darkness in the winter.
This is due to way the tilt of the Earth (the alignment of its axis in relation to its orbit around the
Sun) places the continent during these two phases. 2021-Dec: 2 minutes solar eclipse observe which
is unusual. एन्टार्टिका में भी ग्रीष्म ऋतु मे ६ महीने सतत रूप से सूरज देखता है और शीत ऋतु में सर्दियों में छह महीने तक सतत रूप से रात रहती है।
हालाँकि अभी एक सौर ग्रहण देखा गया जो अपवाद है
- Geography: Places In News Mount Semeru volcano In Indonesia
- Geography/ disasters: Cyclone Jawad affecting Odisha and Bengal
- GPSC: Gujarat govt launches online RTI portal. Now citizens will be able to file RTI applications
online at rtionline.gujarat.gov.in
- GPSC: RBI report says GUJARAT has the largest manufacturing hub in the country, with Gross
Value Addition (GVA) in manufacturing growing 15.9 per cent annually on average between FY12
and FY20 to touch Rs 5.11 lakh crore. GVA is essentially GDP minus net product taxes and reflects
growth in supply of goods and services.
- History: Battle of Aberdeen between the native Adivasi population of the Andaman islands and the
British (1859): British troops had been clearing the forest for creating British settlements in
Andaman. The Adivasis decided to attack the British establishment; but Dudhnath Tiwari, convict no.
276 (who had escaped from prison), betrayed them and reported the plot to the British. As a result,
1,500 tribal men were killed. (दूध नाथ तिवारी नामक फ़रार के दी की ग़द्दारी के चलते अंडमान के आदिवासियों की ब्रिटिश ने क़त्लेआम की
थी)
- IR/Defense: 4th December is observed as Navy Day to commemorate the 1971 Indo-Pakistan war
when the Indian navy had sunk four Pakistani vessels.
- IR/Defense: internal security: Border security force BSF was formed on December 1, 1965. 2021-
First time that BSF Raising Day was celebrated near the India-Pakistan border at Rajasthan’s
Jaisalmer (सीमा सुरक्षा बल का स्थापना दिवस)
- IR/Defense: Indo-Russia: visit of Russian President Vladimir Putin to India. 😍 1) a new format,
the 2+2 ministerial meeting between the Foreign and Defence ministers of both sides 😍 India has
cleared the long-pending AK-203 Kalashnikov rifles deal worth nearly Rs 5,000 crore for the
production of over 5 lakh rifles at Korwa in Amethi by an Indo-Russian joint venture. 😍Plans for
joint production of 200 twin-engine Kamov-226T light helicopters for the Indian armed forces. 😥
challenges in the India Russia relationship 😥 India's increasing friendship with USA and USA
threatens to impose sanctions on India, if we continue to purchase weapons from Russia such as S-
400 air-defence system . 😥 absence of a thriving commercial relationship between India and Russia.
India-Russia annual trade in goods is stuck at about $10 billion. In contrast, Russia-China trade is a
little more than $100 billion. India’s goods trade with the US and China is at the level of $100 billion.
The reasons for poor trade relationship- a) Russian businessmen focus Europe and China. The
Indian businessman are focused on America and China. b) geographical distance. रूस के राष्ट्रपति ब्लादिमीर
पुतिन भारत यात्रा पर. इस बार भारत और रूस के विदेश मंत्री और रक्षा मंत्रियों की 2+2 सम्मेलन पहली बार होने जा रही है. भारत के ही अमेठी में और रूस
के साथ मिलकर AK-203 राइफ़ल का निर्माण होगा. रशिया से हेलिकॉप्टर ख़रीदने की भी मंत्रणा है. हालाँकि भारत और रूस के रिश्तों में समस्याएं चुनौतियां -
1) अमेरिका के साथ बढ़ती भारत के मित्रता, अमेरिका नहीं चाहता कि भारत रूस से हथियार ख़रीदे।२) भारत और रूस के बीच व्यापारिक रिश्ते काफ़ी कमज़ोर
है एक तरफ़ रशिया और चीन आपस में प्रतिवर्ष सौ बिलियन डॉलर का आयात निर्यात करते हैं जबकि भारत और रूस के बीच मुश्किल से 10 बिलियन डॉलर
का व्यापार हो रहा है। क्योंकि रूसी उद्योगपति यूरोप और चीन की तरफ़ धंधा/व्यापार करने पर ज़्यादा ध्यान देते हैं जबकि भारतीय उद्योगपति को अमेरिका और
चाइना पर ज़्यादा ध्यान देते हैं।
- IR/Defense: Indo-Russia. First let’s see Indo-USA security agreemen 😍 2016: Logistics Exchange
Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA)- India and USA defence forces can replinish fuel, spareparts
etc. such as from each other’s land facilities, air bases, and ports. → Navy to Navy cooperation in
antipiracy operations, South China Sea protection. Becomes even more crucial because of the
Chinese interests in development of ports in Sri Lanka and Pakistan. 😍 2018: Communications
Compatibility and Security Agreement (COMCASA)- pact allows the US to provide India with its
encrypted communications equipment so that Indian and US military commanders can communicate
through secure networks. → this helps in intelligence sharing with regards to Chinese deployment at
LAC, moment of terrorists in Pak-Afghanistan. 😍 2020: Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement
on Geospatial Cooperation, or BECA: for sharing sensitive geospatial and aeronautical data that is
crucial for accuracy of missiles and armed drones. → this could be of great use in the future surgical
strikes against terror groups. 🤔 Putin Visit India but India-Russia signed agreement to mfg 6 lakh
AK-203 rifles BUT DIDNOT sign a contract for a reciprocal military logistics support agreement (RE-
LOS). 🤔Points to Reflect: was there a pressure from USA not to do it? They already showed
displeasure to India-Rus S400 deal. भारत और एशिया ने अमेरिका ने पिछले कु छ वर्षों में सैन्य रसद की मरम्मत एक दूसरे के सैन्य ठिकानों
का इस्तेमाल करना इसके लिए ढेर सारे समझौते पारित किए हैं लेकिन इसी प्रकार का समझौता रुस के साथ ही हमने नहीं किया.
- IR/Defense: Russian troops are on Ukraine border. Russia had previously connect the Crimea
region of Ukrain for strategic and economic purpose for gaining access towards Mediterranean Sea
because its Northern Seas are sometimes inaccessible In winter. कु छ वर्षों पहले रशिया ने यूक्रे न के क्रीमिया इलाक़ा तो
अपने क़ब्ज़े में ले ही लिया था वापस से अपनी सेना भेजी है तनाव चल रहा है.
- IR/Defense: UNITED Nations credentials committee, which includes Russia, China and the US,-
total 9 members. It decides the who’ll sit to represent a country in the 193 member UNGA. But,
committee unlikely to allow Afghanistan's Taliban or Myanmar’s junta to represent their countries at
the 193-member world body, संयुक्त राष्ट्र क्रे डेंशियल समिति ऐसा तय करने वाली है कि तालिबान और म्यांमार के सैन्य तानाशाह संयुक्त राष्ट्र की
परिषद में नहीं बैठ सकते
- IR/Defense: ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ 1) Colombo urges action after Sri Lankan killed by mob in Pakistan for
Blasphemy. 2) Tweets from Pak embassy in Serbia criticise Imran Khan, allege non-payment of
salaries. However Pakistan government says account was hacked.
- IR/Defense: India-Srilanka: Cooperation plan to revive Lanka’s Covid-hit economy using 4 pillars
strategy- urgent food and health security, energy security, currency swap and Indian investments.
(श्रीलंका की अर्थतंत्र को वापस खड़ा करने के लिए भारत का चार स्तंभ-वाला समझौता/रणनीति जहाँ श्रीलंका में खाद्यान्न स्वास्थ्य ऊर्जा सुरक्षा मुद्रा अदला
बदली और भारतीय निवेश पर ज़ोर दिया जाएगा)
- IR/Defense: internal security- Narco Trade. Captagon was originally manufactured by a German
pharma cos for attention deficit disorder and narcolepsy. In the 1980s, users in Saudi Arabia and
other Gulf states started taking it recreationally to get an energy boost, banish fear and stay awake
to study for exams, work,party. 2021: decade of war, which shattered Syria’s economy, reduced
most of its people to poverty and left members of Syria’s military, political and business elite looking
for new ways to earn. So, they’ve entered captagon, an illegal, addictive amphetamine. It is difficult
to stop the trade because the President Bashar al-Assad is actively supporting it. (एक दशक से चल रहे गृहयुद्ध
के बाद सीरिया की अर्थव्यवस्था तबाह हो चुकी है इसलिए राष्ट्रपति बशर-अल-असद की सरकार स्वयं ही के पटागोन नामक नशीले द्रव्य की उत्पादन और
निर्यात/तस्करी करवा रही है)
- IR/Defense: internal security: Nagaland: Army operation mistakenly killed 14 civilians from
Konyak tribe during the anti-insurgent operation. in Mon District, Nagaland. 😥 This is an Indian
Army operation gone horribly wrong. It helps insurgents to spread propaganda about India versus
Naga people and disrupt the peace talks, even if temporarily. It will require rather deft han- dling
from the Union Govt, beginning with quick and visible action against those responsible,” (नागालैंड में
भारतीय सेना द्वारा एक ऑपरेशन में ग़लतफ़हमी के चलते 14 नागरिकों की मृत्यु। अलगाववादियों के साथ हो रही शांति मंत्रणा में चुनौतियाँ हो सकती है.)
- IR/Defense: Diaspora- Over 6 lakh Indians gave up citizenship in last 5 years. have accepted
citizenship or other countries. Could be for 1) job, marriage, migration 2) Tax Saving Purpose. (पिछले
पाँच वर्षों में छे लाख से ज़्यादा भारतीयों ने नागरिक का त्याग किया है यानी कि वे अक्षय कु मार की तरह विदेशी नागरिक बन गए हैं। )
- Books/Award: Booker Prize-winning South African author Damon Galgut for the book the
PROMISE
- PIN/Sports: Single bowler are taking 10 wickets in a single cricket test match: 1) England’s Jim
Laker in 1956, 2) ANIL Kumble against Pakistan in 1999, 3) NZ Bowler Ajaz Patel against India at
Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai (2021) टेस्ट मैच में एक ही गेंदबाज़ द्वारा 10 विके ट लिए जाना
- PIN-Appointment Defense: Naval Chief Admiral R Hari Kumar replacing Naval Chief Admiral
Karambir Singh
- Death: Ex-NDTV Reporter Padma Shri awardee Vinod Dua
- Death: FORMER CHIEF minister of undivided Andhra Pradesh Konijeti Rosaiah passed away. He
CM in 2009-10 after the death of YS Rajashekara Reddy in a chopper crash.
- Sports METOO Diplomacy: 1) China spending billions of dollars to develop sports infrastructure for
winter Olympics and international tournaments. China is also a major producer/exporter of sport
goods and equipments. 2) World No. 1 doubles tennis player Peng Shuai went missing, after she
alleged rape by Chinese Vice Premier. Now Women’s Tennis Association (WTA) decided to withdraw
from all activities in China. If other sporting organisations also follow the suit, then it will hurt China
economically. (हालाँकि चीन सरकार अंतरराष्ट्रीय खेल प्रतियोगिता के लिए बड़े बड़े स्टेडियम बना रहा है और खेल कू द के साधनों का एक बड़ा निर्यातक
भी है लेकिन विश्व महिला टेनिस संगठन ने चीन में सभी गतिविधियों से हटने का फै सला किया की चीनी महिला टेनिस खिलाड़ी एक राजनेता के ख़िलाफ़
बलात्कार के आरोप के बाद लापता है।)

- Polity- 6 Health: The Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill 2019- regulates surrogacy- an infertility
treatment, where a third person, a woman, is the surrogate mother. (e.g. SRK, KJO, Ekta Kapoor got
babies produced thru third woman) Surrogacy is allowed for only Indian married couples 2)
Assisted Reproductive Technology Regulation Bill, 2021 to regulate all types of infertility treatments
e.g. gamete donation, intrauterine insemination, in-vitro-fertilisation (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm
injection, and pre-implantation genetic diagnostic. SALIENT features of the ART Bill: 1) open to
married couples, live-in partners, single women, and also foreigners. 2) The Bill says a child born
through ART shall be deemed to be a biological child of the commissioning couple AND NOT of
Donor. 3) Joint Secretary in the Health Department will had registration body for such ART clinics. 4)
clinic shall not perform any treatment or procedure without the written consent of all the parties
seeking ART. 5) insurance coverage in favour of the oocyte (female egg) donor. 6) Who can donate
female egg (oocyte)? Ans. married woman who has at least one live child of her own with a
minimum age of three years. She can donate oocytes only once in her lifetime, and not more than
seven oocytes are to be retrieved from her. 7) a clinic cannot mix semen /eggs from two individuals
for the procedures. Meaning three parent baby not allowed unLIKE UK. 8) ART services will apply to
women above the legal age of marriage and below 50, and to men above the legal age of marriage
and below 55. 😥Criticism: that single women/single men and LGBT couple not allowed but minister
says that they are also eligible. 2) Only married woman with 1 child can donate egg. So, a single
woman cannot be a donor... this reeks of patriarchy. Counter-argument: if the donor female suffers
a medical complication then at least she already has a child compare to a scene where single woman
risking her reproduction system (for money) (2019 में बना था सरोगेसी विधेयक/बिल जहाँ पर के वल भारतीय विवाहित युगल ही
उसे इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं. 2021 में नया बिल- सहायक प्रजनन प्रौद्योगिकी विनियमन विधेयक, 2021- इसमें सरोगेसी के अलावा वाली बांझपन उपचार
चिकित्सा के नियमन के लिए प्रावधान है। इसका में ज़्यादा हिंदी नहीं दिख रहा क्योंकि मुख्य परीक्षा के लिए मैं इसे सीधे रूप से महत्वपूर्ण नहीं समझ रहा क्योंकि
2015-17 बाद ऐसे छोटे छोटे क़ानून के बारे में मुख्य परीक्षा में वो कम ही पूछ रहे हैं। आजकल UPSC mains में बड़े-बड़े क़ानून और उसके
federalism/jucidial independence/freedom/environment पे प्रभव एसी मोटी जनरल चीज़ें पुछती है। Prelims में अंग्रेज़ी वाला
पढ़ के आसानी से MCQ टिक हो जाए । महिला अधिकारों के बारे में एक लाइन में चिंता जता रही हो तो यह सरोगेसी/एआरटी-अंडदान ग़रीब महिलाओं का
शोषण हो रहा है तो उसके लिए क़ानून बनाना ज़रूरी है, सरकार ने प्रशंसनीय क़दम उठाए। )
- Polity-Election: D-voters (Doubtful Voters) are those whose citizenship is doubtful or under
dispute. This category was introduced in 1997 at the time the Election Commission was revising the
state's voter list. While these people continue to remain on the state's electoral roll (with a D against
their name), they cannot vote till their case has been decided by a Foreigners’ Tribunal. 2021:
CONGRESS legislator from Assam on introduced a private members’ Bill in the Parliament to enable a
section of doubtful voters (D-voters), whose names appear in the National Register of Citizens
(NRC), to contest elections and vote in the state. (संदिग्ध मतदाता- न तो वो वोट दे सकता है न तो वो चुनाव में नामांकन भर
सकता है जब तक विदेशियों के ट्रिब्यूनल में न वो भारतीय नागरिक साबित नहीं होता। असम के एक सांसद ने निजी सदस्य विधेयक पेश किया है कि ऐसे लोगों
को मतदान का भी अधिकार हो और चुनाव में नामांकन भरने का भी अधिकार हो यदि उनका नाम एन आर सी में है। )
- Polity-Legislature: public accounts committee (PAC) - 100 years completed. Structure function
read from Laxmikant ch22 on Parliament. If you can understand something by reading it for 20
minutes then do not waste time watching video for 40 minutes. लोक लेखा समिति के सौ वर्ष। उसका कामकाज क्या होता
है उसमें कितने सदस्य होते हैं वो सब लक्ष्मीकांत से रट लेना। कु छ विधार्थी ये भी पूछते हैं कि अभी तक तो कु छ पूछा नहीं तो क्यों रटना है? हाँ तो भाई स्टेट
सर्विस में पूछ भी सकते हैं! अगर कोई चीज़ पिछले ५ साल में नहीं पूछी, तो पूरी ज़िंदगी कभी नहीं पूछेंगे ऐसा कोई स्टेमप-पेपर पे लिख के UPSC ने नहीं
दिया। ये लोजिक पर तैयारी करने वाले इकोनॉमी के कई प्रश्नो में फ़े ल हो जाए।
- Polity-Legislature: question hour of Parliament and reasons for removing a question. In both
Houses, the first hour of every sitting is usually devoted to asking and answering of questions, and
this is referred to as the ‘Question Hour’. The total number of questions for any day is limited to
175, including 15 questions for oral answers, questions postponed from one list to another for
written answers, and 15 questions pertaining to states under President's Rule. 🤔 2) QUESTION TO
PRIVATE MEMBER: A question can be addressed to a private member if question deals with a
subject relating to some Bill, resolution or other matter for which that member is responsible. 3)
Questions may not admitted if- those that are repetitive or have been answered previously; and
matters that are pending for judgment before any court of law or under consideration before a
Parliamentary Committee. (e.g. misuse of Pegasus to hack multiple phones in India. Matter is in SC).
Although sometimes questions are removed without proper reasoning e.g. “Indian Position in
Democracy Index” — removed the ground was that the question was sensitive in nature. There is no
appeal structure for MP, if Question is removed. It is only on the discretion of the chairperson of the
house. For more, Read the explain series of Indian express at
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-mp-questions-are-allowed-7655219/
(https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-mp-questions-are-allowed-7655219/) (संसद के
प्रश्नकाल के बारे में। सभापति किसी भी प्रश्न को शामिल करने से मना कर सकते हैं- यदि मामला कोर्ट में चल रहा हो, यदि वो राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा का मामला हो
इत्यादि। उसके ऊपर कोई अपील नहीं हो सकती हैं। )
- Polity- 5-Communication: need for media regulator. current regulatory bodies like the Press
Council of India (PCI- Statutory), and the News Broadcasting Standards Authority (NBSA- self-
regulatory body) are not as effective. Rampant instances of violations of code of conduct of ethics by
the media reflected in the form of paid news, fake news, TRPs manipulation, media trials,
sensationalism, biased reporting, etc. Aisa bolke, Parliament's Standing Committee on
Communications and Information Technology suggested new statutory body- set up a Media
Council, on the lines of the Press Council of India (PCI), with statutory powers over print, television
and digital media platforms (एक मीडिया पर वर्तमान नियंत्रण संस्थाएँ कम प्रभावी है इसलिए एक नयी वैधानिक संस्था बने ऐसा संसद की स्थायी
समिति ने बोला है)
- Polity- Rights issues- freedom of speech/ internet: Indian Telegraph Act Section 5(2) has not
clearly defined PUBLIC SAFETY and public emergency. So sometimes the union and state
governments impose internet bans even for ordinary law and order situations which causes hardship
for the students and businessmen and ordinary people. Global research found that in 2020, India’s
internet shutdowns lost 8,927 hours and $2.8 billion losses (कें द्र और राज्य सरकारों द्वारा इंटरनेट पर पाबंदी लगायी जाती है
जनसुरक्षा और जन आपातकाल का कारण दिखाकर हालाँकि क़ानून में ये चीज़ सही रूप से व्याख्यायित नहीं है तो कई बार सामान्य क़िस्म की मामलों में भी
इंटरनेट पर पाबंदी लगती है जिससे विद्यार्थी और व्यापारियों को काफ़ी नुक़सान होता है)
- Polity: 6 rights issues: manual scavenging Act, 2013. Govt Survey found: disproportionately large
number of manual scavengers from Scheduled Castes alone. Govt rehabilitation scheme provides a
one-time cash assistance of Rs 40,000, and skill training for the person. stipend of Rs 3,000 per
month for the period of their training. It also provides for capital subsidy of Rs 5 lakh for self
employment loan. health insurance under Ayushman Bharat for scavengers and their families. हाथ से
मैला ढोने का प्रतिबंधन अधिनियम, 2013. प्यारी सर्वेक्षण में पाया गया कि ज़्यादातर इस कार्य में दलित समुदाय के लोग है उनके पुनर्वास के लिए सरकार
विभिन्न योजनाएं चला रही है।
- Polity: 6 rights issues: Trafficking in Persons (Prevention, Care and Rehabilitation) draft Bill 2021-
problems it provides for rehabilitation in the shelter homes but does not look into the issues after
person leaves the shelter home. e.g. woman sent to shelter home after domestic abuse. “When I
returned from the shelter, I had been gone for over six months. So my community accused me of
being a 'fallen woman’. Family, friends, neighbours – no one would talk to me. This is why it is
important for the Ministry to define how survivors should be rehabilitated. More focus on education
and vocational training so that we can be financially independent” (मानव तस्करी के ख़िलाफ़ क़ानून में कु छ और सुधार
के प्रस्ताव हालाँकि विशेषज्ञों से नाराज़ है कि यहाँ पर पीड़ित व्यक्ति के शिक्षा और रोज़गार की ज़्यादा प्रावधान नहीं है)
- Election: Maharashtra ordinance providing “up to 27 per cent” quota for the OBCs in local bodies -
stayed by SC because no empirical data of backwardness “has not been completed”. 🤔Points to
Reflect: previously Madras HC also removed 10.5% quota for Vanniyar within OBC. Perhaps the
political parties also know that without submitting the data- reservation will be cancelled. but still
they do it for the purpose of vote bank politics/prevent angering a caste and and execusing that
“Court has cancelled it, although we were very supportive of the particular reservation!” (महाराष्ट्र राज्य
सरकार ने अध्यादेश दोबारा स्थानिक इकाइयों के चुनावों में OBC समुदाय को 27% आरक्षण दिया था हालाँकि सर्वोच्च न्यायालय सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने उसे स्थगित
करवा दिया क्योंकि सरकार द्वारा इसके लिए कोई डेटा नहीं दिया गया कि OBC समुदाय कितना पिछड़ा है। इससे पहले भी तमिलनाडु में वनीयार समुदाय का
आरक्षण रद्द किया गया था. शायद राजनीतिक पक्षों को भी पता है कि बिना सर्वेक्षण डेटा के आरक्षण दिया जाए तो कोर्ट उसे रद्द करेगा लेकिन फिर भी सरकारों
द्वारा ऐसा किया जाता है लोक लुभावन के लिए और अंत में सफ़ाई देना कि हमारा राजनीतिक पक्ष तो उस जातिविशेष का उत्थान जाता है लेकिन कोर्ट ने मना
कर दिया!)
- Polity-Legislature: Central Vigilance Commission (Amendment) Bill 2021 and The Delhi Special
Police Establishment (Amendment) Bill 2021 to extend tenure of the director may be extended by
up to one year at a time till the completion of five years from the initial appointment. Such extension
may be granted in public interest. हम पहले ही पढ चुके हैं कि उनका कार्यकाल बढ़ाया जाएगा और विपक्ष क्यों नाराज़ है।
- Polity-Legislature: Kerala BJP MP’s Pvt Member’s Bill: to amend the Preamble to the Constitution.
The Bill seeks to change the words in the Preamble “EQUALITY of status and of opportunity” to
“EQUALITY of status and of opportunity to be born, to be fed, to be educated, to get a job and to be
treated with dignity”. However Rajya Sabha Deputy Chairman Harivansh Narayan Singh on Friday
reserved his decision to allow the introduction of a private member's Bill (निजी सदस्य का विधेयक को संविधान की
प्रस्तावना/आमुख/उद्देशिका मे संशोधन के लिए- अभी लिखा है “प्रतिष्ठा और अवसर की समानता”। उसे बदल कर “पैदा होने में, भोजन में, शिक्षित होने, नौकरी
पाने और सम्मान के साथ व्यवहार में, प्रतिष्ठा और अवसर की समानता")
- Polity-Legislature: private members’ bills (ie, bills introduced by any member of Parliament who is
not a minister). Noteworthy in 2021’s Winter session: 1) D-Voters 2) preamble amendment. You
may read more about its theory & Mains Answer Writing in my 5 year old video at
https://youtu.be/1jIAJI4dWFs?t=640 (https://youtu.be/1jIAJI4dWFs?t=640) (निजी सांसद/सदस्य का विधेयक। )
- GSM2- comparing Constitution/secularism - China’s President Xi calls for tightening controls on
religious affairs in bid to boost national security. “It is necessary to improve the democratic
supervision of religious leaders, and push for the rule of law in religious work, and carry out in-depth
publicity and education about the rule of law. China will further promote “sinicization of religion”
(meaning to make Chinese in character or bring under Chinese influence.), with a focus on
strengthening control of online religious affairs. 🤔Points to Reflect: India monitors the foreign
donation/funding of the Religious groups to prevent terror finance but Indian govt doesn’t impose
‘Indianization of Religion’) चीन के राष्ट्रपति ने कहा कि राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के लिए धार्मिक नेताओं की लोकतांत्रिक रूप से निगरानी ज़रूरी है। धार्मिक
कार्यों में क़ानून का शासन होना चाहिए। और धर्म का चीनीकरण होना चाहिए- यानी कि इतिहास को कु छ इस तरह से लिखा जाए कि बौद्ध धर्म, ईसाई ध,र्म
इस्लाम धर्म ये सब के ऊपर भारत,साउदी और वेटिकन का प्रभाव कम किया जाए। इसके विपरीत भारत देश में विदेशों से धार्मिक संगठनों को मिलने वाले दान चंदे
पर क़ानूनन निगरानी की जाती है ताकि आतंकी वित्तपोषण को रोका जा सके लेकिन विदेशी धर्मों का भारतीयकरण उसकी कोशिश भारत सरकार नहीं करती।
- Polity- comparing Constitution: ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ US Senate passes stopgap funding Bill, avoiding govt
shutdown. Public administration is your optional subject you can prepare it for the financial
administration subtopic. In UPSC GSM2- most of the comparing Constitution questions were focused
on very general broad things such as secularism in India vs France, judicial system of India vs UK,
political system of India vs USA. (अमेरिका में संसद द्वारा बजट पास न किया जाए तो सरकार चलाने में जो दिक्कतें आती थी उसके सुधार के
लिए कु छ क़ानून बंद रहा है लेकिन कितनी बारीक व्यवस्था समझने में फ़ायदा मुझे कम लग रहा है सिवाय के लोक प्रशासन आपका वैकल्पिक विषय हो)
- comparing Constitution / secularism: India’s Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act,
2021- allows abortion upto 24 weeks of pregnancy in special cases. But USA Mississippi State law
prohibiting abortion after 15 weeks of pregnancy. CONSERVATIVE US Supreme Court justices likely
to approve this. Judge asked “Why is 15 weeks not enough time for a woman to decide to have an
abortion?” Counter-arguments for longer duration abortion: 1) some genetic disorders may be found
after 15 weeks 2) some serious surgery required to save mother / chemotherapy etc which may
harm fetus. ३) rape-surivor who was abducted and freed late stage ४) BF promised marriage but
then left. 🤔Points to Reflect: the legal system in America driven by more conservative Christian
values whereas is Indian legal system is more secular and liberal. (भारत में एक ख़ास स्थितियों में 24 हफ्तों तक के
गर्भ के गर्भपात की अनुमति है, तो अमेरिका के टेक्सस राज्य ऐसा क़ानून बनाया कि 15 हफ़्ते बाद गर्भपात न हो पाए और उनकी सुप्रीम कोर्ट भी उसके सहमति
में मालूम होती है। अमेरिकी सुप्रीम कोर्ट के न्यायाधीश ने यह प्रश्न किया कि यदि महिला को गर्भपात का निर्णय लेना है तो गर्भधान के 15 हफ़्ते में ले सकती है
उसके बाद देर तक रुकने की क्या ज़रूरत है? - हालाँकि गम्भीर बीमारी, ऐसी बलात्कार पीड़िता का अपहरण हुआ हो तो 15 हफ्तों बाद भी गभपात ज़रूरत हो
सकती है। कु ल मिलाकर हमें तो संविधानों की तुलना में समझना ये है कि अमेरिकी न्याय प्रणाली में रूढ़िवादी ईसाई मूल्य ज़्यादा प्रभावी है जबकि भारत की न्याय
प्रणाली ज़्यादा धर्मनिरपेक्ष है। )
- Sci-6 Corona: Vaccine Compulsion- KARNATAKA ORDER- Vaccine must to enter enter malls,
theatres।
- Sports Award: Footballer Lionel Messi won the men's Ballon d'Or for seventh time,
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ AN effort to make its anti-harassment policies more robust, Twitter has updated its
private information policy to disallow users from posting photos and videos of private people without
their permission
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ ASIAN Development Bank (ADB) has approved a $500-million loan to India to help
improve the quality of school education and to mitigate the impact of the Covid-19 on students’
learning. The loan supports the Integrated Scheme for School Education (Samagra Shiksha) and the
new Exemplar School Initiative of the Ministry of Education (MOE) to improve education quality by
focusing on inclusive and equitable learning outcomes
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Booking Uber cab on WhatsApp: How will it work
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Demographic balance upset in border states: BSF DG on 50-km rule
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Explained series: State of Pakistan’s economy, Big business families and succession
via trusts
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Omicron was already in Europe 11 days ago. South Africa फ़ालतू मे बदनाम हो रहा है जबकि 11 दिन
पहले ही वो ओमिक्रोन वायरस यूरोप में पाया गया था
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ RBI likely to stick to gradual exit from ultra-accommodative stance: Experts 2) Amid
Evergrande crisis, more Chinese developers to issue ABS asset-based securities (ABS)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Riding consumption and farm uptick, economy grows at 8.4% in 2nd quarter
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ UNEMPLOYMENT RATE for persons of 15 years and above in urban areas rose to 9.3
per cent in January-March from 9.1 per cent in the same month of the previous year, as per a
periodic labour force survey by the National Statistical Office (NSO). Let 📙📙ES22 come.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ UNIVERSITY Grants Commission (UGC) has made a renewed push to roll out a
common entrance test for admissions to undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Central
universities across India from the academic session 2022 to address unrealistic cutoffs due to
different school boards.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Uttarakhand CM announces repeal of Char Dham Board Bill. Unless preparing for
state service exam or Interview of UPSC
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Zomato Wings New Delhi: Zomato launched Zomato Wings, a plat- form to connect
investors with restaurants, to help them raise funds
DATE Subject SubTopic

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅


2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban


2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-11-Week4 Economy💳 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-11-Week4 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-11-Week4 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-11-Week4 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-11-Week4 GPSC GPSC

2021-11-Week4 GPSC GPSC

2021-11-Week4 GPSC GPSC

2021-11-Week4 GPSC GPSC

2021-11-Week4 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿

2021-11-Week4 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿


2021-11-Week4 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿

2021-11-Week4 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Awards🏆

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Awards🏆

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-11-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment


2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-11-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Federalism


2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Secularism


2021-11-Week4 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-11-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-11-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-11-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-11-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷


2021-11-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷
2021-11-Week4 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-11-Week4 Science🧪 👩🏻‍


Public-Health
‍⚕️️ ‍⚕️

2021-11-Week4 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-11-Week4 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-11-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-11-Week4 Awards🏆

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝


2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 6-Health


2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-11-Week3 Economy💳 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-11-Week3 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week3 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week3 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week3 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-11-Week3 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week3 Environment🌿 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week3 GPSC GPSC

2021-11-Week3 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿

2021-11-Week3 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-11-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment


2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ PIN-GK🏋️

2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Social Media📣


2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-11-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-11-Week3 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-11-Week3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-11-Week3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-11-Week3 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳
2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication


2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban

2021-11-Week2 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺
2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2021-11-Week2 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-11-Week2 GPSC GPSC


2021-11-Week2 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿

2021-11-Week2 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-11-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-11-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora


2021-11-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-11-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-11-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors


2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Person in News

2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏


2021-11-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Executive


2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-11-Week2 Polity⚖️ Secularism


2021-11-Week2 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-11-Week2 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-11-Week1 Agri🌽 Places-in-News

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-11-Week1 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-11-Week1 Environment Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-11-Week1 Environment Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-11-Week1 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-11-Week1 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-11-Week1 Environment🌿 Disaster

2021-11-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-11-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-11-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-11-Week1 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿

2021-11-Week1 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿

2021-11-Week1 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿


2021-11-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-11-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-11-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence
2021-11-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-11-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-11-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral


2021-11-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-11-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-11-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-11-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-11-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Person in News

2021-11-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-11-Week1 Polity⚖️ e-gov


2021-11-Week1 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-11-Week1 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-11-Week1 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-11-Week1 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-11-Week1 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-11-Week1 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-11-Week1 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2021-11-Week1 Science🧪 6-Corona😷


2021-11-Week1 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-11-Week1 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-11-Week1 Science🧪 Social Media📣

2021-11-Week1 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


Title

- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: Collins Dictionary’s “Word of the Year” for 2021 is “NFT” — an abbreviation
that stands for “non-fungible token” An NFT, according to Collins Dictionary, is a “unique digital certificate,
registered in a blockchain, that is used to record ownership of an asset such as an artwork or a collectible”.
Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series LAST LECTURE: 🔖Unlock Free content with Code:
'Mrunal.org' Its Handout available at https://mrunal.org/download

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: El Salvador had became first country in the world to adopt bitcoin
as legal tender. Now it plans world’s first ‘Bitcoin City’. This would get geothermal power from a volcano
and not levy any taxes except for value added tax (VAT). 🤔Points to Reflect: Salvador public is not very
happy with Bitcoin but President seems to be very keen perhaps to get election funding from tax-evaders
from other nations who’d use such place as tax haven/money laundering. (ये अल साल्वाडोर के राष्ट्रपति ने का भी गंजेडी इलोंन
मस्क की तरह रोज का नौटंकी चलते रहेता है - बिटकोईन के बारे में )

- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: RBI wants amendment in Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, to launch a Central
Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series.
https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21csp-economy-pillar-1a-rbis-monetary-policy/01NKBYT9
(https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21csp-economy-pillar-1a-rbis-monetary-policy/01NKBYT9) 🔖
Unlock Free content with Code: 'Mrunal.org' Its Handout available at https://mrunal.org/download ( रिज़र्व बैंक
क़ानून में संशोधन की माँग की ताकि के न्द्रीय बैंक डिजिटल मुद्रा जारी की जा सकी)

- EcoPill1B1-Bank classification: NITI Aayog proposed setting up full-stack ‘digital banks’. This will be new
type of banks under the banking regulation act instead of physical branches they will mostly rely on internet
services for delivering banking services to help in financial inclusion ( नीति आयोग ने ऐसा प्रस्तावित किया है कि नए क़िस्म के
डिजिटल बैंक बनाए जाएं जो की भौतिक भौगोलिक रूप से ब्रांच न हो किन्तु इंटरनेट के ज़रिए बैंकिं ग सुविधा देते इसे गाँव गाँव तक वित्तीय समावेशन में मदद मिलेगी)

- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: If a Bank fails: Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC, statutory
corporation found by reserve bank of India, headquarter Mumbai) gives a depositor maximum Rs 5 lakh per
account as insurance cover (Before 2021 this limit was Rs.1,00,000). Deposits in public and private sector
banks, local area banks, small finance banks, regional rural banks, cooperative banks, Indian branches of
foreign banks and payments banks are all insured by the DICGC. The premium is paid by banks to the DICGC
is currently pay a minimum of 12 paise on every Rs 100 worth deposits. 🤔 In News because of draft plan for
Punjab and Maharashtra Cooperative (PMC) Bank merging with Unity Small Finance Bank Ltd (USFB)- how
DICGC will help the depositors. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ PHD NOT IMP because UPSC-CDS had asked a very simple one-
liner on PMC. (यदि बैंक बंद हो जाए तो जमाकर्ता को उसकी डिपॉज़िट पर पाँच लाख रुपये तक का बीमा/मुआवज़ा DICGC संस्था द्वारा दिया जाता है। पंजाब महाराष्ट्र
कोऑपरेटिव बैंक में इसे लागू करने का एक मसौदा रिज़र्व बैंक ने जारी किया है।)

- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: Crossborder Insolvency: IBC Code 2016- currently does not allow for automatic
recognition of any insolvency proceedings in other countries. So, MINISTRY of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has
published a draft framework for cross border insolvency proceedings based on the UNCITRAL (United Nations
Commission on International Trade Law) model under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ let
Economic Survey 2022 comment. सीमा पार दिवालियापन का वही घिसा-पिटा राग चल रहा है
- EcoPill1C: Why Sharemarket falling: 😥 1) High valuations of share price compared to profit making ability
of the companies. e.g. last number of Indian population vaccinated yet Pfizer and Dr Reddy not been able to
rollout their vaccines in Indian market on large scale, so it is difficult to imagine they will make some more
profit- yet shares were selling for over Rs.5000 each. So inevitable that it will fall down some point. 😥 2)
SENSEX/NIFTY indices give high waited to reliance company but realise something problem due to Armco
deal cancellation, fall in JIO subscribers. (शेयर बाज़ार वापस गिर रहा है क्योंकि कं पनियों के शेयर उनकी मुनाफ़ा क्षमता से ज़्यादा महंगे बिक रहे हैं और
दूसरा कि रिलायंस कं पनी अच्छा प्रदर्शन नहीं कर पा रही)

- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: An inverted duty structure in GST arises when the taxes on output or final
product is lower than the taxes on inputs, creating an inverse accumulation of input tax credit- then
government has to refund the GST to the business man. e.g. (Input) Fibre 18% GST+yarn 12% GST → final
output (apparel) pe 5% GST (if Price of the shirt/pants etc upto ₹1000). 😍Solution Taken: A Uniform 12%
GST on manmade fibre (MMF), yarn, fabrics and apparels, footwear. ( जीएसटी में एक उल्टा शुल्क संरचना: यदि कच्चे माल जेसे के
कपड़ा ख़रीद पर उधयोगपति ने 18 पर्सेंट जीएसटी टैक्स देना पड़े और उसमें से तैयार किए गए पतलून की बिक्री पर 5% GST लगता हो तो, तो असल में सरकार ने उसे
(-)13% GST refund देना होगा। इस माथापच्ची से बचने के लिए कपड़ा-जुते के कच्चे माल और अंतिम उत्पाद पर एक समान 12% जीएसटी लगाया जाएगा )

- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: Indian govt levies 2% equalisation levy / google tax on foreign companies dealing
with digital advertisement and e-commerce supply of services in India (e.g. Facebook, google-adsense,
Netflix, Adobe photoshop online subscription, Microsoft's Office365) etc. American government was unhappy
with this so they were threatening to punish India (by imposing more taxes on Indian goods and services in
USA). 🤔 2021-Oct: 136 countries, including India, agreed to enforce a minimum corporate tax rate of 15 per
cent on profits of big companies in markets where they are earned. This deal requires countries to remove
all digital services tax/Equalisation levy/google tax and other similar unilateral measures. 😍 So, India and
USA agreed for a transitional approach from 2022-24. Basically India to phased out/remove 2% Equalisation
levy/google tax & then India will be eligible to charge 15% Global minimum tax on those companies’ profit
made in India & USA will not take punishment action against Indian goods and services. Global minimum tax
Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series Its Handout available at https://mrunal.org/download
(भारत में डिजिटल विज्ञापन और डिजिटल सेवा देने वाली विदेशी कं पनियों पर भारत सरकार 2 प्रतिशत Equalisation levy माँगती थी- जिसे गूगल टैक्स भी कहा जाता
है। अमेरिकी सरकार इसे नाराज़ थीं और भारत को सजा देने के लिए भारतीय के सामान पर अमेरिका में ज़्यादा टैक्स लगाएंगे ऐसी धमकी भी दे रही थी हालाँकि जी सेवन समूह के
वैश्विक न्यूनतम कर ढांचे के अंतर्गत है ऐसी विदेशी बहुराष्ट्रीय कम्पनियों पर भी जहाँ पर भी धंधा करते है उसी स्थान पर १५% टेक्ष लगेगा। अमेरिका ने इसे माना है बशर्ते कि भारत
ने गूगल टैक्स हटाना होगा। पूरा काम चरणबद्ध रूप से अगले दो तीन सालों में होने वाला है। )

- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: strategic disinvestment/ Privatisation: Alternative Mechanism — comprising


Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari and Minister of State (Independent
charge) for Science and Technology Jitendra Singh — approved “the highest price bid” for 100% shares’
strategic sale of government stake in CEL. Central Electronics Ltd (CEL, 1974) operates in four key areas —
railway safety & signalling systems, defence (strategic) electronics, solar photovoltaics, and security
surveillance solutions. New divestment policy of govt is Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture
Series- https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21csp-economy-pillar-2cdsubsidydeficits/7DSB011Y
(https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21csp-economy-pillar-2cdsubsidydeficits/7DSB011Y) 🔖Unlock
Free content with Code: 'Mrunal.org'. Its Handout available at https://mrunal.org/download सामरिक विनिवेश के
अंतर्गत एक सरकारी कम्पनी को बेच दिया
- EcoPill2-BoP/Intl-Trade: GSP (Generalized System of Preferences) it is an American system under which
USA gives import tax concessions to 3rd world countries but Donald Trump had removed India from this list
setting protectionism against Harley Davidson and other American companies in India. Now talks for revival.
जीएसपी- एक अमरीकी प्रणाली है जिसके अंतर्गत तीसरे विश्व के देशों से अमेरिका बेचे होने वाले सामानों पर अमेरिकी सरकार कम आयात कर लगाती है। हालाँकि राष्ट्रपति डॉनल्ड
ट्रंप के ज़माने में भारत को इस सूची से हटाया गया था- क्योंकि भारतीय सरकार ने संरक्षणवाद के चलते अमेरिकी हार्लि-डेविडसन मोटरसाइकिल पर बोहोत ज़्यादा टैक्स लगाया
था, यानी कि अमरीका द्वारा आयात किए जाने वाले कु छ भारतीय सामान पर आयात कर रियायतें बंद की गई थी। तो वापस सूचीबद्ध करने के लिए चर्चा चल रही है।

- EcoPill3-BoP/Intl-Trade: WORLD Trade Organization (WTO) ministerial conference was to be held in


Geneva,Swiz. But WTO Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala postponed it due to Omicron strain of Covid-19
virus → many countries have imposed lock downs in travel restrictions so all ministers may not be able to
attend. (हालाँकि विश्व व्यापार संगठन की मंत्रिपरिषद स्विट्ज़रलैंड के जिनीवा शहर में होने वाली थी लेकिन कोरोना वायरस के नए ओमिक्रोन स्वरूप के चलते कई देशों ने
यातायात पर प्रतिबंध लगाए हैं इसलिए सभी देश के मंत्री इस जीनिवा सम्मेलन में हाज़िरी नहीं दे पाएंगे इसलिए सम्मेलन को अभी स्थगित किया गया है)

- EcoPill2-BoP/Intl-Trade: Importer Exporter Code (IEC) is a key business identification number that is
mandatory for exports or imports. Issued by Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT, Commerce
Ministry). 😥 many importer/exporters who created accounts are deactive since 2014. They have not
submitted the latest address proof etc. Then use dormant account numbers misused by Narco smugglers/Tax
evaders. So, DGFT makings tough rules ordering traders to update account details. ( जिन आयात-कर्ता, निर्यात कर्ताऑ ने
२०१४ के बाद अपने व्यापार के दस्तावेज सरकार ने नहीं जमा करवाए थे तो उनका पंजीकरण-नम्बर रद्द होगा इसके साथ ही क्योंकि इस प्रकार की निष्क्रिय पंजीकरण नंबरो का
तस्करी/करचोरी मे दुरुपयोग हो rha हे। )
EcoPill2-BoP/Intl-Trade Appointment: US PRESIDENT Joe Biden nominated Federal Reserve Chair Jerome
Powell for a second four-year term, extending a tenure

- EcoPil4A-Agro: Union Govt currently announces the MSPs of 23 crops: 7 cereals (paddy, wheat, maize,
bajra, jowar, ragi, barley); 5 pulses (chana, tur/arhar, moong, urad, masur), 7 oilseeds (rapeseed-mustard,
groundnut, soyabean, sunflower, sesamum, safflower, nigerseed); and 4 commercial crops (sugarcane,
cotton, copra, raw jute). While the MSPs technically ensure a minimum 50% return on all cultivation costs,
these are largely on paper. Separately on sugarcane, union government announce fare & remunerative price
(FRP)- which sugar mill owner is legally compelled to give to farmer. But such legal right non-existent in
MSP. Uski long winded explained series given in IndianExpress किसानों को फसलों पर न्यूनतम समर्थन मूल्य दिया जाए उसकी वही सब
पुरानी बातों का पुनरावर्तन

- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has adopted a resolution to graduate
three nations-Lao, Bangladesh and Nepal, from the least developed country (LDC) category to the developing
country grouping. This will be done after five years. 😥 no longer duty quota free access exports in WTO 😥
no longer soft-loans from World Bank 😥 no longer concessions in the Climate change deals. 😍 growing
economy will attract investments from FDI/FII. More theory & WHY/HOW GDP, Bangladesh MODEL is not
more MAHAAAN than India- is Already covered in free lecture https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21-
economy-pillar4cgdpinflationunemployment/3QMO5EOP (https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21-
economy-pillar4cgdpinflationunemployment/3QMO5EOP) Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series It's Handout
available at https://mrunal.org/download (बांग्लादेश नेपाल और लाओ को अति पिछड़े देशों की सूची में से हटाया गया. यानी कि उनकी अर्थतंत्र
विकसित हो रही है अब वे विकासशील देशों की श्रेणी में आएंगे इसके कु छ फ़ायदे और नुक़सान भी है। जैसे कि अब उनके निर्यात पर अन्य देशों द्वारा टैक्स में रियायत नहीं दी
जाएगी उन्हें विश्व बैंक से सस्ते ब्याज पर कर्ज़ नहीं मिलेगा उन्हें प्रदूषण और जलवायु परिवर्तन के अंतरराष्ट्रीय संधियों को मानना होगा इत्यादि। हालाँकि फ़ायदा ये है कि उबरते हुए
अर्थतंत्र को देखते हुए वहाँ विदेशी निवेश में बढ़ोतरी होगी जिससे रोज़गार के नए अवसर उनकी स्थानीय जनता को मिलेंगे।)
- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation/Unemployment: Wage Rate Index (WRI) prepared by Labour Bureau, an attached
office of the Ministry of Labour. Surveys/Monitors the wages across various industries. 😥 BEFORE: Base year
1963-65. 😍 AFTER: Base year 2016. Added more number of industry in the survey list- e.g. synthetic textiles,
textile garments, printing and publishing, footwear, petroleum, chemical & gases, fertilizers, drugs &
medicines, 😍 This database will be helpful in designing the minimum wages under the new wage code law.
(वेतन दर सूचकांक जिसमें श्रम मंत्रालय कि ऑफ़िस द्वारा विविध उद्योगों में वेतन का क्या दर चल रहा है उसका सर्वेक्षण किया जाए और उस हिसाब से न्यूनतम वेतन की दरों में
सुधार किया जाए। लेकिन इस सर्वेक्षण का आधार वर्ष 60 के ज़माने का था जिसे बदलकर अब २०१६ किया गया है तथा पहले से ज़्यादा उद्योगों का सर्वेक्षण भी किया जाएगा)

- EcoPil5-INFRA: -Energy: INDIA IS set to release 5 million barrels of crude oil from its strategic reserves as
part of a coordinated move along with the US, China, Japan and South Korea aimed at lowering international
prices. The US will release 50 million barrels of crude oil from its reserves as part of the effort. ( भारत अमेरिका चीन
जापान दक्षिण कोरिया सहित अलग अलग देशों ने संयुक्त रूप से तय किया है कि अपने अपने देश के सामरिक पेट्रोलियम भंडार से ही संग्रहित कच्चा तेल निकालेंगे ताकि उसकी
सप्लाई आपूर्ति बड़े और दाम क़ाबू में रहे। )

- EcoPil5-INFRA: BHARAT GAURAV SCHEME: Pvt operators can lease, run trains on tour circuit. with the
freedom to decide routes, fares and quality of services under a new scheme called Bharat Gaurav. Anyone —
societies, trusts, consortia and even state governments (भारत गौरव योजना के अंतर्गत निजी क्षेत्र के ऑपरेटर भी किराये पर सरकारी ट्रेन लेकर
पर्यटन स्थलों पर उसे चलाए)

- EcoPil5-INFRA: PPP in Airport: UPPSC exam ke liye: Noida International Airport at Jewar in Uttar PradeshPM
laid foundation. It’s owned by Noida International Airport Limitedin which UP government has 35%, Noida
Authority 35%, Greater Noida Industrial Authority 12.5% while Yamuna Expressway Industrial Authority has
12.5% share holding. Within that Yamuna Expressway Industrial Authority is owned by Zurich International
Airport AG Companyand they’ll be building the airport. UP State govt leased them land for 90 years.

- NITI Aayog’s first Sustainable Development Goals(SDG) Urban India Index 2021-22: Top 10 urban areas are
Shimla, Coimbatore, Chandigarh, Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Panaji, Pune, Tiruchirappalli, Ahmedabad and
Nagpur. The bottom 10 urban areas are Dhanbad, Meerut, Itanagar, Guwahati, Patna, Jodhpur, Kohima,
Agra, Kolkata and Faridabad. This dashboard developed with the Indo-German Development Cooperation. For
each SDG, the urban areas are ranked on a scale of 0-100. A score of 100 implies that the urban area has
achieved the targets set for 2030; a score of 0 implies that it is the farthest from achieving the targets.
Previously NITI Aayog’s SDG Index for STATES covered under Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture
Series available at mrunal.org/download नीति आयोग का सतत् विकास लक्ष्य शहरी भारत सूचकांक 2021

- Smart Cities project by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) → Integrated Command and Control
Centres (ICCCs) to enable authorities to monitor the status of various amenities in real time, were initially
aimed at controlling and monitoring water and power supply, sanitation, traffic movement, integrated
building management, city connectivity and Internet infrastructure. They will now also monitor various other
parameters and is also linked to the CCTNS (Crime and Criminal Tracking Networks and Systems) network
under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA). स्मार्ट सिटी योजना के अंतर्गत शहरों में एकीकृ त आदेश और नियंत्रण कें द्र बनाए जाएंगे- जिसकी अधिकारी
बिजली पानी सड़क पुलिस इत्यादि पर अच्छे से डिजिटल निगरानी कर सके

- Swachh Bharat Mission Swachh Survekshan 2021 by Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs MoHUA. A) cities
with over 10 lakh population: Rank1-INDORE (fifth consecutive year), 2-Surat and 3-Vijaywada. B) Varanasi
emerged as the ‘Best Ganga Town’ while Ahmedabad Cantonment won the title of ‘India’s Cleanest
Cantonment’. C) under the Prerak Daaur Samman, a new performance category introduced under Swachh
Survekshan 2021, five cities – Indore, Surat, Navi Mumbai, New Delhi Municipal Council and Tirupati were
categorized as ‘Divya’ (Platinum).
- EcoPill6: HRD: National Family Health Survey (NHFS-5), released by Health ministry: 1) Total fertility rate
has declined: On an average, a woman in India was likely to bear 2.7 children in her lifetime (2005). This TFR
⏬ to 2.2 (2015) and now ⏬ 2(as per latest NFHS). Thus, NHFS-5 indicates that the country has taken the first
step towards an outright reduction in population. 2) ⏫ in women using bank accounts, phones. Beyond that
⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ until 📙📙ES22 released next year. राष्ट्रीय परिवार स्वास्थ्य सर्वेक्षण में पाया गया कि महिलाओं के कु ल प्रजनन दर में कमी आयी है

- Heath: “palliative care”: “the active total care of patients whose disease is not responsive to curative
treatment (e.g. death imminent in cancer). Then patient is taken at home. Drugs for control of pain,
combined with psychological, social and spiritual councelling for patients and their families.” 😥 Challenges
in India 1) Non-communicable diseases like cancer are on the rise. At present, in India, we have 30 lakh (3
million) people with cancer at any given time. 2) Reluctance of people to get timely check-ups during the
pandemic, the number of people presenting with advanced cancers in the coming days is likely to swell. 3)
They will need palliative support. But, Palliative care is almost non-existent at the grassroots in India. There
is a lack of trained personnel, restricted access to opioids for pain control. प्रशामक देखभाल- यानी कि जब मरीज़ की मौत
निश्चित हो तो उसे अस्पताल से घर वापस भेज दिया जाए और के वल दर्द शमन और मनोवैज्ञानिक आध्यात्मिक सांत्वना दी जाए। भारत में बढ़ते हुए कैं सर के मामलों के चलते
इसकी ज़रूरत है किन्तु इस प्रकार की पेशेवर लोगों की कमी और दर्दशमन के नाम पर के वल अफ़ीम आधारित दवाइयों का उपयोग एक समस्या है।

- EcoPill6: HRD: Hunger Malnutrition: National Food Security Act 2013 gives 5 kg foodgrains to the poor at
subsidised rate (1-2-3 rs per kg for coarse grain, wheat, rice respectively.) Corona-2020: PM Garib Kalyan Ann
Yojna (PMGKAY)- means in addition to the subsidised 5kg grains, Government will also give extra 5kg
foodgrains for FREE. Scheme has been extended till March 2022. Boss? Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food &
Public Distribution (कोरोना के दौरान ग़रीबों को पाँच किलो अनाज मुफ़्त दिया जाए ऐसे ही प्रधानमंत्री ग़रीब कल्याण अन्न योजना को कु छ समय के लिए जारी रखा
जाएगा)

- EcoPill6: HRD: Poverty estimation: Multi-dimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was by the Oxford Poverty and
Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the UN Development Programme. Using 10 Questions across 3-
Dimensions (– health, education, and standard of living). Now NITI Aayo also prepared India’s own first ever
MPI Index. 3-Dimensions (– health, education, and standard of living: Each given equal weight) → 12
Questions: nutrition, school attendance, years of schooling, drinking water, sanitation, housing, bank
accounts etc. Result? Highest Poverty: 1) Bihar (52%) 2) Jharkhand (42%) and Uttar Pradesh (38%). Lowest
Poverty? Kerala, Goa, and Sikkim (नीति आयोग का बहु आयामी ग़रीबी-निर्धनता सूचकांक। स्वास्थ्य शिक्षा और जीवन स्तर के तीन आयामों पर कु ल मिलाकर
12 अलग अलग प्रश्नों के आधार पर लोगों की गरीबों को नापा जाए इसमें बिहार झारखंड और उत्तर प्रदेश में सबसे ज़्यादा प्रतिशत लोग गरीब/निर्धन है)

- 6HRD: Keywords for Children development (from TN Policy): malnutrition, anaemia, infant mortality rate,
under 5 mortality rate, child sex ratio, full immunization, body mass index, gross enrolment ratio at high and
higher secondary level, open defecation, child marriage, child labour, gender and social exclusion. etc,
Benefit: UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), 1989, National Policy for Children, 2013, the
National Plan of Action 2016 and the UN document ‘Transforming our world, The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development’. (बाल विकास के बारे में लिखना हो तो तमिलनाडु राज् की बाल विकास नीति से अलग अलग चिकने चुपड़े शब्द)
- EcoPill6: HRD: Women Development- preventing child marriages: 😥 Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) by
most states not helped much. Because, CCTs alone cannot change social norms. 🤔 Parents’ belief that girls
need to marry early for safety and protection of family honour or economic burden need to change. 🤔 High
levels of child marriage reflect lack of opportunities for women and girls in society. 🤔 Early marriage means
Low domestic status of teenage wives she has long hours of domestic labour; poor nutrition and anaemia;
social isolation; domestic violence; early childbearing- IMR,MMR⏫,few decision-making powers within the
home. 🤔 Thus, The costs of child marriage include teenage pregnancy, population growth, child stunting,
poor learning outcomes for children and the loss of women’s participation in the workforce. 🤔 Way Forward?
😍 Karnataka amended the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act in 2017, declaring every child marriage void ab
initio, making it a cognisable offence, and introducing a minimum period of rigorous imprisonment for all
who enable a child marriage. Same need to be replicated across India. 😍Setup network of residential
schools, girls’ hostels, and public transport. 😍 Girls’ clubs should be systematically formed in high school to
provide informal social networks for group study, solidarity, and resilience. 😍Teachers should hold regular
gender equality conversations with high school girls and boys to shape progressive attitudes that will sustain
into adulthood. (बाल विवाह क्यों ख़राब है और उसे कै से रोका जाए। कु छ राज्य सरकारों द्वारा सशर्त नक़दी हस्तांतरण किया जाता है यदि बेटी का ब्याह 18 साल की
उम्र से पहले न किया जाए हालाँकि इस प्रकार की योजनाएं ख़ास प्रभावी नहीं रही जब तक ग़रीब माँ बाप बेटी को बोझ समझें- वे जल्दी से उसे ब्याह देते है। बाल विवाह के चलते
ने बेटी की पढ़ाई पर रुकावट कम उम्र में माँ बनना जिसके चलते माँ और बच्चे दोनों का स्वास्थ्य ख़राब होता है इस परिवार ने ऐसे ही अशिक्षित/नोकरी-हीन महिलाओं को घरेलू
हिंसा और कु पोषण से जूझना पड़ता है। उपाय स्वरूप कर्नाटक राज्य सरकार ने जो सख़्त क़ानून बनाए हैं उसी को पूरे भारत में लागू किए जाएं-जिसमें बाल विवाह करवाने वाले
व्यक्तियों पर दो साल की सज़ा अनिवार्य रूप से होती है। लड़कियों की शिक्षा और स्वास्थ्य के लिए योजनाओं को प्रभावी रूप से लागू किया जाए शिक्षकों ने भी ध्यान देना चाहिए
कि उनके क्लास मे पढ़ने वाली विद्यार्थिनीयों में से किसी का बाल विवाह हो रहा है तो पुलिस को सूचित करें।)

- Most polluted city's of the world: 1) Bangladesh capital Dhaka 2) Mongolia’s capital Ulaanbaatar 3)
Lahore,Pak:- as per pollution index, of Switzerland-based air quality information platform IQAir. (although I
find it less useful for two reasons 1) organisation not very famous 2) UPSC ‘usually’ avoid asking ranks which
put nations in to negative light. विश्व के सबसे प्रदूषित शहर

- Ethics-LATERAL Entry. 1) present in Union Govt. 2) 2021-Nov: W.Bengal State govt seeks to rope in
consultants via lateral entry for 50 posts in various departments through lateral entry. The age limit is 35-70
years, contractual salary ₹1.5 lakh-2 lakh a month. Benefits/challanges? 1) Read from governance book /
PDF material. 😥 2) existing officers apprehensive- “This will create confusion and hierarchical problems
because, in many cases, these consultants will have more power and remuneration than the Joint Secretary,
Additional Secretary and special secretaries.” पश्चिम बंगाल राज्य सरकार ने भी कें द्र सरकार की तरह उच्च सरकारी पदों पर अनुबंध आधारित
पार्श्विक प्रवेश का विज्ञापन दिया। ३५ साल या उससे ज़्यादा के अनुभवी लोग उन्हें संयुक्त सचिव, अधिक सचिव, विशेष सचिव इत्यादि पदों पर कु छ वर्षों के लिए रखा जाएगा।
- Ethics: Medical: in nazi Germany Hitler ordered the medical researchers to conduct Murderous and
torturous human experiments on Jews & minorities in the concentration camp for developing a Pure Aryan
Race. At the end of second world war, allied nations conducted trials on the nazi leaders at Nuremberg,
Germany (1945-46). The nazi physicians were also tried in the tribunal. And outcome was Nuremberg Code
(1947) for clinical trials. It requires voluntary consent of the patient, no physical mental torture, research
should be for the good of the society (and not for developing from X-man mutants). However even today the
Nuremberg code is violated. Chinese researchers conduct cruel clinical trials on Tibetan, Uyghur (mostly
Muslim) and Hui minority populations without obtaining their consent. ( हिटलर ने यहूदियों पर क्रू र क़िस्म की चिकित्सा संशोधन
करवाए थे क्योंकि वो एक शुद्ध आर्यन नस्ल पैदा करना चाहता था। दूसरे विश्व युद्ध के बाद नुरमबर्ग़ शहर मे मित्र राष्ट्रों द्वारा नाज़ी नेताओं पर मुक़दमे चलाए गए हैं तो इन क्रू र
डॉक्टरों पर भी मुक़दमा चला था और मेडिकल रिसर्च चिकित्सा संशोधन के लिए नुरमबर्ग़ संहिता बनायी गई जहाँ बिना मरीज़ की अनुमति के उस पर कोई रिसर्च नहीं हो सकती
तथा ऐसी कोई भी रिसर्च क्रू र नहीं होनी चाहिए, समाज की भलाई के लिए होनी चाहिए। हालाँकि वर्तमान समय में भी चीन में अल्पसंख्यकों पर ज़बरन बिना उसकी अनुमति मेडिकल
रिसर्च की जा रही है )

- Ethics: police corruption: 2018: INTERPOL’s Boss Meng Hongwei was asked to return back to China before
completing his four year term - Chinese govt detained him for bribery. Now, Major General Ahmed Naser al-
Raisi (UAE) has been elected as the next chief of Interpol. (वैश्विक पुलिस संस्था इंटरपोल का ख़ुद का मुखिया भ्रष्टाचार के आरोप में चीन में
हुआ गिरफ़्तार)

- Ethics: Sports- 1) Former Brazil Olympic boss Carlos Nuzman jailed for 30 years for buying votes for Rio de
Janeiro to host the 2016 Olympics. 2) Separately Qatar accused of hiring Ex-CIA agents to spy on FIFA
officials/ find out bids by other nations/honey trap them to approve hosting of football world cup. 🤔Points
to Reflect: A nation pays bribe for hosting tournament possibly because ministers interested to then loot tax
payers’ money in stadium construction (e.g. Delhi CommonWealth Games) ii) Minister wants to project
‘hero’ image for election/populism. 3) desire to boost to economy with tourism, ad-revenue. ब्राज़ील में ओलंपिक
मेज़बानी दिलाने के लिए उसके अधिकारी ने ओलंपिक समिति सदस्यों को रिश्वत खिलाई थी ऐसे आरोप में 30 साल की सजा। एक दूसरे मामला जहाँ कतर देश ने CIA के भूतपूर्व
एजेंटों को पैसा देकर फ़ीफ़ा पे जासूसी करवायी थी, लड़कियाँ भेजकर फ़ीफ़ा-अफ़सरों को मधु-जाल मे फँ साया था की हमें फ़ु टबॉल विश्व कप की है मेज़मानी मिले। कोई देश विश्व
टू र्नामेंट की मेज़बानी के लिए ऐसे अनैतिक तरीक़े क्यों इस्तेमाल करेगा? क्योंकि उसके नेता स्टेडियम बनाने के नाम पर पैसों का ग़बन कर सके और चुनावी लोक लुभावन में ख़ुद को
बड़ा नायक दिखाने का प्रयास न हो सके हालाँकि कभी कभी ये काम देश की आर्थिक तरक़्क़ी के लिए भी किया जाता है क्योंकि यदि कोई वैश्विक खेल प्रतियोगिता का आयोजन हो
तो पर्यटन को प्रोत्साहन मिलता है।

- Ethics/Polity: Death Rape vs Life Sentence: After 2012 Delhi gangrape case → Criminal Law (Amendment)
Act, 2013: It added Section 376E to Indian Penal Code: Section 376E provides for death penalty for repeat
offenders of rape. 2013: Maharashtra SHAKTI MILLS Case- 3 persons arrested & convicted in gangraping 1)
telephone operator in July 2013. (2) photojournalist in August 22, 2013. Lower court gave death penalty
because they’re ‘serial rapists’. But, Bombay HC converted death penalty into life sentence saying 1) The
law has not prescribed mandatory death penalty. Although the gangrape is barbaric and heinous, it cannot
be said at the threshold that the accused deserve only death penalty and nothing less than that. (2) Death
puts an end to the whole concept of repentance, any sufferings and mental agony. 3) the Constitutional
courts are bound to take into consideration the judicial mandate not by considering just individual rights or
the rights of the criminal, but to follow 'the procedure established by law'." भारतीय दण्ड संहिता में २०२१ दिल्ली निर्भया के स के
बाद सुधार किए की आदतन बलात्कारी/ दोबारा बलात्कार करने वालों को मृत्युदंड दिया जाए। शक्तिमिल के स मे तीन आरोपीयोने पहेले एक टेलिफ़ोन ओपरेटर लड़की और बाद मे
एक महिला पत्रकार पे गेंगरेप किया। इसलिए निचली अदालत मे मृत्युदंड दिया गया था लेकिन बॉम्बे हाईकोर्ट ने उस को आजीवन कारावास में परिवर्तित कर दिया है। क्योंकि १)
क़ानूनन रूप से मृत्युदंड देना अनिवार्य नहीं है। वो मामले की गंभीरता पर निर्भर है। २) मृत्युदंड दिए जाने पर आरोपी को सतत रूप से वो मानसिक उत्पीड़न और पछतावाँ नहीं
मिलेगा जो रोज़ाना उसे आजीवन कारावास में मिलता है।
- Ethics- attitude towards domestic violence:the latest National Family Health Survey asked question and
then listed the “following (seven) situations” as reason to hit or beat the wife: If she goes out without telling
him; if she neglects the house or the children; if she argues with him; if she refuses to have sex with him; if
she doesn’t cook food properly; if he suspects her of being unfaithful; if she shows disrespect for in-laws. 😥
Survey Finding: high percentage of women who justify domestic violence are Andhra (83.6 per cent),
Karnataka (76.9 per cent), Manipur (65.9 per cent) and Kerala (52.4 per cent). Where North East and
Himachal lowest (15%). The most common reasons cited to justify domestic abuse: showing disrespect to in-
laws, neglecting the house and children। 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) When this kind of patriarchal mentality is
deeply imbibed in the minds of women, it is difficult to expect that even after the existence of domestic
violence prevention act the women victims will complain to police. This emboldens the Kabir Singhs. 2)
economic growth and educational attainment is not antidote to domestic violence automatically- ELSE
Kerala should not have 52% women agreeing for domestic violence. (राष्ट्रीय परिवार स्वास्थ्य सर्वेक्षण में आँध्र प्रदेश और कर्नाटक की
तीन चौथाई से ज़्यादा महिलाओं ने घरेलू हिंसा को जायज़ ठहराया है ख़ास कर जब महिला द्वारा ससुराल वालों का अपमान किया जाए तो उसकी पिटाई अपेक्षित/ न्यायोचित है।
यानी की आर्थिक वृद्धि और शैक्षणिक प्रगति मात्र से घरेलू हिंसा नहीं रोकी जा सकती है जब तक कि महिलाओं में ही सत्तात्मक रवैया हो धूळ घरेलू हिंसा के बावजूद भी क़ानून
शिकायत नहीं करेगी)

- Ethics- Quotation: “The time is always right to do what’s right”- Martin Luther King, Jr.. 🤔 Homework:
Think of the cases and situations where this is applicable ("जो सही/नैतिक है उसे करने के लिए समय हमेशा सही होता है")

- Ethics- Trolls on Social Media: Social media can too often be a cowards’ palace, where the anonymous can
bully, harass and ruin lives without consequence. We would not accept these faceless attacks in a school, at
home, in the office, or on the street. And we must not stand for it online, on our devices and in our homes.”
So, Australia's Troll Identification law: 1) social media companies are considered publishers and can be held
liable for defamatory comments posted on their platforms. 2) They can avoid this liability if they provide
information about Troll’s real identity so a victim can commence defamation proceedings against the troll.”
सामान्य रूप से वास्तविक जीवन में लोग एक दूसरे के ख़िलाफ़ बदतमीज़ी करने से डरते हैं क्योंकि पुलिस क़ानून का डर लगता है लेकिन सोशल मीडिया में गुमनाम अकाउंट खोल
किसी भी व्यक्ति के ख़िलाफ़ अभद्र टिप्पणियां की जा सकती है। इसलिए ऑस्ट्रेलियाई सरकार ने एक नया क़ानून बनाया है जिसके अंतर्गत सोशल मीडिया कम्पनी ने पीड़ित व्यक्ति
को उस ऑनलाइन ट्रोल ये गुमनाम अकाउंट का नाम पता बताना होगा ताकि उसके ख़िलाफ़ क़ानूनी रूप से बदनक्षि/मानहानि का दावा ठोका जा सके । यदि सोशल मीडिया कम्पनी
ऐसा नहीं करेगी तो उसी के ख़िलाफ़ पीड़ित बदनक्षि/मानहानि का दावा ठोक सकता है। यानी की मार्क जुकरबरग को बोलो की थोड़ा हवा में उड़ना कम करे, क्योंकि आज कल
उसका राशि भविष्य ठीक नहीं है, सितारे गर्दिश मे है।
- Ethics: Compassion for Accident Victims: India witnesses around 5 lakh road accidents and 1.5 lakh deaths
from them every year. Golden hour is the critical one hour period from the accident. If victim sent to
hospital in this time, then ⏫ of saving life. But, due to harassment by Police, often bystanders do not help.
So, 1) Govt amended Motor vehicle act so that “Good Samaritan” is free to not disclose their name to the
hospital or law enforcement authorities; they can also choose not to take part in any legal process involving
the accident.“ 2) Road Transport and Highways Ministry announced “Good Samaritan scheme”- if person
sends accident victim to hospital in golden hour, he may be given o a reward of Rs 5,000 per accident. (An
individual Good Samaritan can be awarded maximum five times in a year- so that some people do not make
it their full-time occupation /play mischief). Problems in the scheme implementation: many states are yet to
launch the scheme on ground level. (सड़क दुर्घटना की एक घंटे के भीतर यदि पीड़ित को अस्पताल पहुँचाया जाए तो उसके बचने की संभावना बढ़ जाती है
लेकिन कई बार लोग मदद नहीं करते क्योंकि वो पुलिस की झंझट से डरते हैं इसलिए सरकार ने मोटर क़ानून में सुधार किया था कि यदि कोई नेकदिल आदमी सड़क दुर्घटना
पीड़ित को अस्पताल पहुँचाए तो उसने डॉक्टर पुलिस को अपना नाम बताना ज़रूरी नहीं है और वह उस मामले की क़ानूनी प्रक्रिया/के स सुनवाई मे हाजरी देना भी ज़रूरी नहि हे।
इसके अलावा कें द्र सरकार की सड़क मंत्रालय ने नेकदिल व्यक्ति योजना भी शुरू की है जहाँ अकस्मात के एक घंटे के भीतर ही मरीज़ को अस्पताल पहुँचाने वाले व्यक्तियों को 5
हज़ार रुपये का ईनाम दिया जाएगा हालाँकि कई राज्यों में यह योजना अभी तक क्रियान्वित होना बाक़ी है।)
- Disasters: Storm Arwen in UK

- Geo-places in news: Myanmar- Buddhist vs Rohingya-Muslim clashes: 2017: Rohingya start fleeing-
previously Bangladesh kept them at Cox Bazaar refugee camp now we are shifted to Bhashan Char Island-
citing concerns over human right
- GPSC: World Bank-funded Mission Schools of Excellence project to improve School at infrastructure in
Gujarat. 3000 schools selected.

- GPSC: Gujarat Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes (Regulation of Issuance and
Verification of Caste Certificates) Act, 2018→A person holding an ST certificate is required to get it verified
by a Scrutiny Committee appointed by the state government while applying for admission in educational
institutes, for government job, or filing nomination for election under the ST quota. However 2021:
Government has given exemption for Panchayat election and up to class 10 admission.
- GPSC: Niwaas MARATHI film, written and directed by a Gujarati Dalit youth, Mehul Agaja, has been
selected in 52nd edition of the prestigious International Film Festival of India (IFFI, Goa).
- GPSC: pravaasi shikshak (visiting teachers) to overcome the shortage of nearly 4,000 secondary and higher
secondary teachers in the wake of mass promotion of students.

- Culture: Vajrayana or Tantric Buddhism -based on the concept of “mindfulness” or Dhyana -founded in
India around the 6th or 7th centuries. This became the foundation for Chan (Chinese), Zen (Japanese) and
Tibetan Buddhism. Tibetan Buddhism - significant presence in Mongolia and Russia Kalmykia region. The
spread of Buddhism, whether through conquest or trade, also coincided with the transmission of secular
knowledge from the Indian subcontinent – like traditional Indian medicine (Aayush), manufacturing (sugar)
and the astro-sciences into these regions. China uses Buddhism for soft Diplomacy over neighbouring
countries. India too should develop Buddhist tourist circuit for more people to people connect with ASEAN
and Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) nations. बौद्ध धर्म के साथ जुड़े हुए स्थानों पर पर्यटन को विकसित कर भारत आसियान समूह और
शंघाई समूह के देशों के लोगों के साथ रिश्ते बेहतर कर सकता है

- History: Govind Guru- Bhil leader Gujarat-Rajasthan border. Advocated social problems such as liquor
consumption and inter-generational debt. Founded Bhagat Sampradaya (sect) in 1908 to socially and morally
uplift the Bhil community. 1913: British forces killed him and his followers.
- History: Rani Gaidinliu. In News because a museum in Manipur’s Tamenglong district. She was a A spiritual
and political leader, Tribal Freedom Fighter. Rani Gaidinliu, of the Rongmei tribe, was born on January 26,
1915 at Luangkao village in Tamenglong district. At 13, she joined Haipou Jadonang- the leader of ‘Heraka
movement’ based on the ancestral Naga religion fighting for an independent Naga kingdom (or Naga-Raja).
After Jadonang’s execution, Rani Gandiliu became leader but was imprisoned for life. In 1938, the Nikhil
Manipur Maha Sabha, the first political party of Manipur during the British colonial rule, adopted a resolution
to free Rani Gaidinliu from prison. She was and released in 1947. Nehru called her the “Daughter of the
Hills” and gave her the title “Rani”. She was awarded the Tamrapatra in 1972, Padma Bhushan in 1982,
Vivekananda Sewa Summan in 1983, and Stree Shakti Puraskar in 1991. Following her death on February 17,
1993 at Luangkao, she was posthumously awarded the Bhagwan Birsa Munda Puraskar in 1996. स्वतंत्रता सेनानी रानी
गाइदिनल्यू के नाम पर मणिपुर में संग्रहालय बन रहा है

- History/Culture- globalisation impact on Indian society. In Ancient India- Amalgamation of different rituals
into a Hindu marriage ceremony, such as the mangalsutra from South India, the sindoor from the Harappa,
and the saptapadi from the Vedas. In Modern India- wedding reception in western attire, serving of food in
buffet system, baby showers etc. copying from Western / Christian marriage system. ( हिन्दू विवाह-प्रणाली - अलग अलग
इलाकों की प्रणालियों का मिश्रण है जैसे की मंगलसूत्र दक्षिण भारत से और सिंदूर लगाना हरप्पा से। और अब इसमें पाश्चात्य/ईसाई तौर तरीक़े भी आ रहे हैं जैसे की शादी के बाद
पाश्चात्य कपड़ों में रिसेप्शन-भोज। )

- Defense: Award: COLONEL BIKUMALLA Santosh Babu was on awarded the Maha Vir Chakra – the country’s
second-highest military gallantry honour – posthumously for leading the fight against Chinese soldiers during
a clash between the two armies on June 15, 2020 in Galwan Valley of Ladakh.

- IR/Defense: Award: Vir Chakra is the third highest Indian military honour during wartime. Given to GROUP
CAPTAIN (previously wing commander) Abhinandan Varthaman who shot down a Pakistan F-16 fighter jet in
the aftermath of the Pulwama terror attack-2019. He was captured by the Pakistani Army after his MiG-21
Bison jet was shot down in a dogfight with Pakistani jets

- Defense: Indian Short Arms System (INSAS) rifles- Government aims to replace them with better quality of
life and previously purchased American Sig Sauer rifles. Now planning joint-production of AK-203 rifles with
help of Russia. Defence acquisition Council (DAC) chaired by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has cleared
proposal. (भारत की स्वदेशी इंसास रायफल को बदलकर ही रशिया के साथ मिलकर AK203 राइफ़ल के निर्माण के लिए प्रस्ताव)

- Defense: PM IK Gujral’s Project 75 (P75) for buying/building submarines → 2005: India and France signed a
contract for building six Scorpene class submarines: Names: NS Kalvari (2017), INS Khanderi and INS Karanj.
INS Vela (2021). Upcoming: Vagir and Vagshee. These are iesel-electric powered attack submarine.
- IR/Defense- Lithuania allowed Taiwan opened an embassy. China got angry, downgraded the diplomatic
ties with Lithuania.

- IR/Defense- Police administration: Madhya Pradesh to bring in police commissioner system for Bhopal,
Indore. In a traditional district the district collector (IAS) acts district magistrate- with powers to issues
curfew, arrest warrants, firecracker/firearm licences. If city is under Commissionerate system, then the
police commissioner (IPS) will have some of these magisterial powers. The Police commissioner also directly
reports to the state government, instead of the district administration. ( मध्य प्रदेश के कु छ शहरों को पुलिस कमिशनर प्रणाली में
लाया जाएगा यानी वहाँ पर जिला कलेक्टर के पास जो मैजिस्ट्रेट वाली सत्ताएँ होती हे जेसे की पटाखों की दुकान को लाइसेंस देना, इत्यादि वे पुलिस कमिश्नर के पास भी होंगी।)

- IR/Defense: 56th DGPs/IGPs conference at the Uttar Pradesh Police headquarters in Lucknow. Modi calls for
High-Power Police Technology Mission,adopt future technologies for grassroots policing requirements,
- IR/Defense: cyber security: PAKISTAN’S National Database and Registration Authority’s (Nadra) (similar to
India’s UIDAI/Aadhar): data breach → hacked data is used to issue 13,000 illegal mobile SIM cards. ( पाकिस्तानी
आधार कार्ड के डेटा हुआ लीक जिसकी मदद से फ़र्ज़ी सिम कार्ड दिए जा रहे हैं। )

- IR/Defense: Hegemon China vs USA: Xi JinPing misunderstanding that Chinese hegemony & Belt-road ka
money power Will result in other neighbours meekly accepting everything. China’s aggressive regional
policies are driving many countries like Australia, India, Japan, the Philippines and Vietnam, towards the
USA. So,many new groups have formed- 1) Quadrilateral framework involving Australia, India, Japan and the
US 2) AUKUS, which brings together Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States. B) China had hoped
that American president Biden will be more friendly to China than Trump. But Biden actually trying to warm
up with Russia, Europe, India to counter China. 🤔 C) China has strong alliance with Pakistan, N.Korea. But
their nuisance power has declined in recent years, Pakistan struggling to repay loans. Anti-Chinese sentiment
growing within Pakistan. Pakistan is becoming a liability. Compare to that America has more stronger allies
like India, Japan, S.Korea. 🤔 D) previously China could mobilise Anti-American sentiment in Asian nations
(e.g. Korean War, Vietnam War). But now in the name of nationalist politics, sentiment is turning towards
anti-China. 🤔E) Chinese Wolf Warrior diplomacy not helping its relationship with others. However this is not
to say America has the upper hand because America also has challenges 1) China’s hard power — both
economic and military — relative to the US is growing rapidly and shifting the local balance of power in its
favour. 2) if an Asian country becomes more friendly with America then China puts economic punishment 3)
Vast imbalance in military power between China and its neighbours it presumed would dissuade most Asian
states from considering armed confrontations with China. America needs to spend lot of money to upgrade
the defence capacity of the neighbours of China. चीन ने यह सोचा था कि वो अपनी सेना और धनबल के चलते पड़ोसी देशों पर आधिपत्य जमायेगा
तो सब चुपचाप बर्दाश्त कर लेंगे। लेकिन वास्तव में उसके विरोध स्वरूप QUAD समूह बना हैं। चीन के ख़िलाफ़ अमरीकी राष्ट्रपति रशिया और यूरोप से रिश्ते बेहतर कर रहे हैं। एक
ज़माने में चीन पाकिस्तान और उत्तर कोरिया को काफ़ी मदद करता था लेकिन ये छोटे देश अब क्षेत्रीय और वैश्विक राजनीति में अपनी अहमियत खो चुके हैं। दूसरे विश्व युद्ध के बाद
कोरियाई युद्ध और वियतनाम युद्ध के दौरान चीनी नेता अन्य एशियाई देशों में अमरीकी उपनिवेशवाद के ख़िलाफ़ माहौल बना सकती थी लेकिन अब तो स्थानीय राष्ट्रवाद के चलते
पड़ोसी देशों में चीन के ख़िलाफ़ ही माहौल बन रहा है। चीनी भेड़िया योद्धा कू टनीति के चलते थे उसके डिप्लोमैट राजदूत दूसरे देशों में मित्रता/सौहार्द खो रहे हैं। हालाँकि इसका
मतलब ये भी नहीं कि अमरीका का हाथ जीत की तरफ़ है क्योंकि भौगोलिक रूप से अमेरिका एशिया से काफ़ी दूर है और स्थानीय दबंग चीन, बाक़ी पड़ोसी देशों पर आर्थिक और
सेन्य दबंगई करते रहता है- अमरीका ने ढेर सारा पैसा ख़र्च के इन एशियाई देशों की सेना और हथियार का नवीनीकरण करना होगा।

- IR/Defense: Hypersonic Glide Vehicles (HGVs) Missiles developed by China. that can escape the missile
defence systems. They fly at lower altitudes than ballistic missiles, which means they could potentially
escape early warning systems, aided by the earth’s curvature -giving them stealth and exceptional
manoeuvrability. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) Previously Russia’s Sputnik Space race drove the Eisenhower
administration to seek space arms, triggering a ballistic missile race resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. Will
the history again repeat itself with china? 2) India must accelerate its hypersonic missiles programme and
setup an equally robust missile defence against hypersonic hypersonic missiles. ( चीन द्वारा हाइपरसोनिक प्रक्षेपास्त्र का निर्माण। ये
मिसाइल पारंपरिक विस्फोटक मिसाइल के मुक़ाबले ज़मीन से बहूत नज़दीक उड्ते हैं, इसलिए हाइपरसोनिक मिसाइल को ढूँढना तबाह करना भी मुश्किल हो जाता है। नए क़िस्म के
मिसाइल बनाने की इस स्पर्धा में पहले भी अमेरिका और रशिया के बीच धूळ क्यूबा मिसाइल आपदा हो चुकी थी, वापस ऐसा ही चीन के साथ होने का डर। भारत ने भी
हाइपरसोनिक मिसाइल निर्माण कि अपनी तेज़ी को बढ़ाना होगा)
- IR/Defense: internal security: Naga Peace Accord talks are going on between Union govt and National
Socialist Council of Nagalim (IsakMuivah). 2015: they had agreed for peaceful coexistence of the two
sovereign powers. Because at that time special status of Jammu and Kashmir existed — a state with a
separate constitution, a state flag and autonomy over internal administration. But 2019- Article 370
removed. Therefore union government not interested in giving such status to Nagaland separatist. So, Naga
Peace talks are stalling. (2015 से भारत सरकार नागा अलगाववादियों से शांति मंत्रणा कर रही है शुरुआती समय में ये कहा गया कि भारत सरकार और नागा
अलगाववादियों दोनों की संप्रभुता का सम्मान होगा- शायद उसी तरह जैसे जम्मू कश्मीर में अपना अलग संविधान अलग ध्वज और स्वायत्तता थी। हालाँकि 219 में अनुच्छेद थ्री70
हटाने के बाद भारत सरकार अब इस प्रकार की रियायतें किसी भी अलगाववादी समूहों या इलाक़े को नहीं देना चाहती इसलिए शांति मंत्रणा रुक गई है)

- IR/Defense: Solomon Islands capital is a sovereign country in Pacific Ocean, with six major islands such as
Malaita island to Guadalcanal island. Protest going on against government policies about Taiwan/China
embassy. Australian police went to control the riots. GSM2: issues affecting Indian interest? jabarjasti
microscopic PHD things need not be prepared beyond one line. सोलोमन टापू देश के विविध इलाक़ों मे दंगे प्रदर्शन चल रहे हैं तो
ओलस्ट्रेलिया की पुलिस शांति स्थापना के लिए गई। सरकार और प्रदर्शनकारियों के बीच चीन ताइवान से रिश्तों के बारे में तनाव है।

- IR/Defense: Army Encounters: 1) Supreme Court on encounters by Army- “there is no concept of absolute
immunity from trial by criminal court. Enquiry should be conducted into every “encounter” killing in
disturbed areas under AFSPA Act. Before a person is branded a militant or a terrorist, “there must be
commission or some attempt or semblance of a violent overt act”. 2) “OGW” (overground worker for
militants) or “hybrid militant”- who provides propaganda logistic support for the actual terrorist. - topics in
news because of some alleged encounter in At Hyderpora, JK सेना द्वारा एनकाउंटर में आतंकवादियों को मारने के बारे में सुप्रीम कोर्ट का एक
पुराना फ़ै सला कि किसी को आतंकवादी चिन्हित करने से पहले ये ज़रूरी है कि उसने किसी प्रकार की हिंसा का प्रयास / आयोजन किया हो। AFSPA क़ानून का मतलब ये नहीं
कि उस एनकाउंटर की है जाँच हो ही ना पाए।

- IR/Defense: major terror Events: i) 11-Sept-2001 (9/11): American World Trade Centre attack → American
invasion on Afghanistan. (ii) 13-Dec-2001: terrorist attack Indian Parliament. (iii) 26-Nov-2008 (26/11):
Mumbai attack by terrorist-> 2012: Ajmal Kasab hanged.

- IR/Defense: Taliban- 9/11 ke American Victims had won a case in an American Court that requires Al-Quida
and Taliban to pay about $7 billion in compensation to the victims but in reality it is difficult to enforce it.
However, now the Taliban controls the government in Afghanistan, can President Biden impose some
directive to freeze the bank accounts of Afghani govt to recover the money? नाइन इलेवन आतंकी हमले के मुआवज़े स्वरूप
अलक़ायदा और तालिबान ने अमरीकी पीड़ितों को सात बिलियन डॉलर देने हैं ऐसा अमेरिकी कोर्ट का आदेश है। क्या राष्ट्रपति बिडेन अफ़ग़ानिस्तान के तालिबानी सरकार के बैंक
खातों को फ़्रीज़ कर ये रक़म वसूलेंगे की नहीं उस पर विचार हो रहा

- IR/Defense: China in Africa: Xi woos African leaders with debt waiver, vaccines, amid US push into
continent. 2) hina has announced to help the AU (African Union) achieve its goal of vaccinating 60 per cent
of the African population by 2022 by giving another one billion doses of vaccines to Africa. 2) $10 billion to
African financial institutions to help SMEs 3) “China will exempt African LDCs (least developed countries)
from debt incurred in the form of interest-free Chinese government loans due by the end of 2021” 🤔 China's
benefit? 1) mining and plantation rights 2) protecting its Diaspora and workers. 3) Setting up naval bases by
giving lollipop. चीन के लिए अफ़्रीका के देशों से रिश्ते बेहतर करने के लिए कोरोना टीकाकरण और कर्ज़ माफ़ी की घोषणा की है। ताकि उन देशों में खनन अधिकार, चीनी
लोगों की रक्षा और नेवी बंदरगाह बनाने मे चीन को सुविधा रहे

IR/Soft Diplomacy at sub-national level: ASSAM government has reserved two seats for students from Bhutan
in the state-run medical colleges in a bid to foster ties between the two countries. ( असम राज्य सरकार ने भूटान के
विद्यार्थियों के लिए मेडिकल कॉलेजों में दो सीट आरक्षित की है ताकि असम राज्य और भूटान देश के बीच रिश्ते बेहतर रह सके )
- India wants to invite Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation
(Bimstec) leaders to attend 26th Jan paradeviz. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh, Prime Minister
Mahinda Rajapaksa or his brother, President Gotabaya Rajapaksa, of Sri Lanka, Prime Minister Sher Bahadur
Deuba of Nepal, Prime Minister Lotay Tshering of Bhutan, Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha of Thailand, and
the Chairman of Myanmar’s State Administration Council, General Min Aung Hlaing. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1)
previously we had invited ASEAN leaders in similar fashion 2) ASEAN didn’t invite Myanmar military leader in
its summit. But we are planning to do so. (अगली 26 जनवरी परेड को बीमस्टेक नेताओं को सामूहिक आमंत्रण का प्रयास हो रहा है)

- IR/Defense: 1) RUSSIA, INDIA and China (RIC) foreign ministers resolution for “Afghan-led and Afghan-
owned peace process”. although mostly repeating of what we learnt in the DELHI Declaration. वही घिसी पिटी बातें
चल रही है अफ़ग़ानिस्तान के विकास के बारे में

- Chinese Naval Ports Expansion: UAE- China developing Khalifa port for ‘dual use’ (civilian and
military). 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) India does not have this much financial power so it will have to use the help
of its allies in QUAD. 2) India cannot take its South Asian and Middle-Eastern ‘friends’ for granted e.g. UAE,
Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Djibouti. They could join all the infrastructure and strategic
projects of China depending on the financial incentives 3) China is developing such ports for dual use so that
it can also protect its economic assets. e.g. if Chinese companies are doing mining in Tanzania but military
coup/ethnic strife creating problems for the Chinese businessmen then immediately Chinese military can be
deployed. चीन दक्षिण एशिया और मध्य पूर्व के विभिन्न छोटे देशों में अपने बंदरगाह बना रहा है जिसका वो दोहरा उपयोग कर रहा है आर्थिक भी और सामरिक भी। भारत
उन छु टभैये देशों की मित्रता पर विश्वास नहीं रख सकता क्योंकि वे तो कभी भी चीन की गोद में पैसों के लालच में बैठ जाते हैं- जिसमें नवीनतम उदाहरण है UAE का ख़लीफ़ा
पोर्ट।

- EcoPill2-BoP/Intl-Trade: International Monetary Fund (IMF)’s Pakistan bailout package in 2019 under
Extended Fund Facility (EFF) $6 billion$ loan - subject to certain terms and conditions for control of fiscal
deficit,subsidies, defense expenditure, making the government companies profitable/ forcing its
privatisation, combating money laundering terror finance. Topic resurface is in news every time the portion
of the loan is released by IMF to Pakistan. (पाकिस्तान को आइएमएफ द्वारा जो छः बिलियन डॉलर का कर्ज़ दिया जा रहा है उसकी कॉमेंट्री चलती रहती
है। हालाँकि ये कर्ज़ा शर्तों के अधीन है जैसे कि पाकिस्तान सरकार ने सैन्य ख़र्च कम करने होंगे ग़रीबों को दी जाने वाली सब्सिडी कम करनी होगी, सरकारी कं पनियों का निजीकरण
करना होगा , आतंकी वित्तपोषण और धनशोधन से लड़ना होगा इत्यादि)
- Appointment: Sweden gets 1st woman PM Magdalena Andersson. But had to resign within 12 hours because
of coalition government crisis.
- Appointment: German Chancellor: OLAF SCHOLZ will replace: Angela Merkel.
- PIN/Appointment: TWITTER’S CEO Jack Dorsey to be replaced by Parag Agrawal,of IIT-Bombay.

- Award: France Pantheon monument: it is dedicated to the most revered persons of France. Govt added
Josephine Baker — Missouri-born cabaret dancer, French World War II spy and civil rights activist. She is the
first black woman
- Book: Marriage: 100 Stories Around India’s Favourite Ritual, by Devdutt Pattanaik
- Book: ‘Going Viral’, a book on the making of Bharat Biotech’s Covaxin, by Dr Balram Bhargava.
- Book: Manish Tewari Congress leader: In his book 10 Flashpoints; 20 Years, said that India should have
acted strongly against Pakistan after the terror attacks 26/11.

- Death: Renowned Punjabi folk singer Gurmeet Bawa, popularly known as ‘lambi hek di Mallika’, died. She
was best known for her 45-second hek (the alaap during the opening of a song) — considered the longest ever
by any Punjabi folk singer. She was awarded with Sangeet Puraskar by the Punjab Natak Akademi, the
national Devi Ahilya Award by the Madhya Pradesh government and the Shiromani Gayika Award by the
Punjabi Language Department. (पंजाब की मशहूर लोकगायिका का देहांत जिन्हें मैं पुरस्कार मिले हैं)
- Places in News: Big Ben: name of the big clock tower of Britain’s Houses of Parliament (1859). In news
because of restoration/repair.

- Places in news: MUSEUM of Prime Ministers, being built at Delhi’s Teen Murti Estate, project is likely to be
inauguratedon December 25 – the birth anniversary of late PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee (also celebrated as good
governance Day). (दिल्ली में भारत के प्रधानमंत्रियों का संग्रहालय बन रहा है )
- Places in News: City of Luxor, Karnak, Thebes, Avenue of the Sphinxes, Way of the Rams- associated with
Egypt tourism,
- Sports: Winter Olympics 2014 @Sochi in Russia. 2022-Feb @Beijing,China. US President likely to boycott for
human rights violation. अगला शीत ओलंपिक चीन में होगा पिछला रुस में हुआ था

- Sports: Australian Open will become the first Grand Slam tournament to require mandatory COVID-19
vaccines for the players. Djokovic not yet vaccinated. ऑस्ट् रेलियन ओपन टे निस प्रतियोगिता में हिस्सा लेने के लिए खिलाड़ियों
ने अनिवार्य रूप से कोरोना टिका लगवाना होगा। यह ऐसी पहली टेनिस प्रतियोगिता है जहाँ पर टिका अनिवार्य है।

- Polity: 6-Rights issues/Edu/NE/Regionalism: MEGHALAYA CHIEF Minister Conrad Sangma exhorted the
state’s youth to learn Hindi to be able to “cross the language barrier” and get employed in other parts of
India. What do the youth need? Pride? Self-esteem? For that, one needs to be economically independent,
which comes with a job that needs a person to understand things. National Education Policy, 2020 lays stress
on the mother tongue and Indian languages. 2) Mizoram Chief Minister Zoramthanga wrote to Home Minister
Amit Shah, requesting a Mizo-speaking chief secretary, asserting that if an IAS who doesn’t know Mizo is
made Chief Secretary he will not be able to do his work in an efficient manner. (भाषा/प्रांतवाद: मेघालय के मुख्यमंत्री ने राज्य
के नौजवानों को हिंदी सीखकर अपने रोज़गार के अवसर बढ़ाने की सलाह दी है कि यदि आप इज़्ज़त और आत्मसम्मान चाहते हैं तो आर्थिक रूप से स्वतंत्र होना ज़रूरी और उसके
लिए नौकरी होना ज़रूरी। जिसके लिए अगर हिन्दी पढ़ने पड़े तो कु छ ग़लत नहीं है। वैसे भी भारत की शिक्षा नीति में मातृभाषा तथा अन्य भारतीय भाषाओं में पढ़ाई को प्रोत्साहन की
बात है।)

- Polity: Rights issues: Supreme Court had asked the Centre to explain what exercise it had undertaken to
arrive at the Rs8-lakh annual income criteria to identify EWS eligible for reservation? You can’t just pull out
Rs 8 lakh from anywhere. There must be some data. Sociological, demographic! Presently, the Other
Backward Classes (OBCs) non-creamy layer quota also has ₹8 lakh income limit. 🤔While OBC suffer from
social and educational backwardness” but “under the Constitutional scheme, EWS are not socially and
educationally backward. They’re only Economically Weaker. 🤔 Therefore, by having a similar income limit
for both OBS & EWS, govt is making unequals equals. 🤔 Then union government has assured that they will
come up with suitable criteria for EWS income limit. आर्थिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्ग के आरक्षण के लिए महत्तम सालाना आय मर्यादा आठ लाख रुपये
क्यों है इसके पीछे क्या कोई सामाजिक आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण हुआ है ऐसा प्रश्न सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने सरकार को पूछा, क्योंकि OBC समुदाय के लिए भी यही आय-मर्यादा है। अगर OBC
समुदाय सामाजिक और शैक्षणिक रूप से पिछड़ा हुआ है और उनके लिए आयी मर्यादा आठ लाख रुपये है तो सामने EWS जो कि सामाजिक रूप से पिछड़े नहीं है के वल आर्थिक
रूप से पिछड़ा है तो उसका भी आय मर्यादा अगर 8 लाख रुपये रखा जाए तो ये ऐसी बात है कि दो अ-समान समुदायों को समान गिना जा रहा है जो क़ानूनी रूप से ग़लत है।
सरकार ने सुप्रीम कोर्ट को कहा है वे कु छ नये मानदंड लेकर आएंगे।
- Polity: 6-Rights issues: Gujarat 2017 Budget speech declared that Gujarat would be a “vegetarian state”,
adoption of tougher cow slaughter law. However banning meat goes against 1) right to food /right to life 2)
Sociologists and historians assert that the belief that Gujarat is a vegetarian state is a myth. As per the
Sample Registration Survey of 2014, Gujarat has a 40% meat eating population, which is even higher than in
Punjab and Rajasthan. And these are not just Muslims, Christians and Parsis, but also OBCs, Dalits and
Tribals. 3) Gujarat is also a major fish producer, contributing 17% of the country’s marine produce. The
Kharwa and Koli OBC communities of Saurashtra and South Gujarat, are largely into fish production. 4)
controversy started because BJP Mayors of Rajkot, Vadodara, Bhavnagar and Ahmedabad launched drive to
remove non-veg food stalls. However, later BJP State president told them not to do it. ( मांसाहारी खाद्य पदार्थों पर
संवैधानिक रूप से कोई प्रतिबंध नहीं है, हालाँकि गुजरात के कु छ शहरों में मेयर मांसाहारी खाद्य ठेलों को हटवा रहे थे की हिन्दू और जैन समाज की संवेदनाओं को वो आहत कर
रहा है लेकिन फिर BJP ने बताया कि हम ऐसा नहीं करेंगे)

- Polity: Rights issues/Social Media/ Freedom of speech/Intolerance: Congress leader Salman Khurshid’s
latest book Sunrise over Ayodhya in which he equates Hindutva groups with terror outfits Islamic State and
Boko Haram of Nigeria. Petition in Delhi HC to ban the book. But the Delhi High Court rejected & said, “ 🤔
Nobody had asked them to read it. They could have shut their eyes and not read it. Otherwise people who
are very incensed with book should write their own piece... Tell everybody that the book is badly authored,
does not serve your valuable time, read something better. 🤔 Article 19(2) empowers the government to
place a reasonable restriction. The government has not placed any restraint on the publication. 🤔 A ban on
book would lead to hardship for the publishers and also curtail the right of speech and expression of the
author. An excerpt could not be read in isolation. (वाणी स्वतंत्रता का अधिकार: सलमान ख़ुर्शीद की नई किताब में हिंदुत्व के ख़िलाफ़ कु छ
आपत्तिजनक टिप्पणियों के बारे में किताब पर प्रतिबंध लगाने पर दिल्ली हाईकोर्ट ने किया मना क्योंकी - लोग अपनी आंखें बंद करके इस किताब को न पढ़ें। कोई ज़बरदस्ती नहीं है।
यदि कोई भावुक हो गया है तो वो किताब के ख़िलाफ़ अपना ब्लॉग आर्टिकल किताब भाषण लिखे लोगों को बताया कि उन्होंने ये किताब क्यों नहीं पढ़नी चाहिए। अनुचित 19 के
वाणी स्वातंत्र्य पर सरकार जनहित में प्रतिबंध लगा सकती है किन्तु सरकार ने इस किताब को प्रतिबंधित नहीं किया है। हूँ अगर किताब को प्रतिबंधित किया जाए तो प्रकाशक को
आर्थिक नुक़सान भी होगा।)

- Polity: Election populism- Arvind Kejriwal that if voted to power, AAP will transfer Rs 1,000 per month to
the account of every woman in Punjab aged 18 or above, an estimated 1 crore women would translate into
Rs 12,000 crore per year. Argue search populism is not financially sustainable because outstanding debt of
Punjab is near 6 lakh crore. Besides, all Punjabi woman not so poor requiring Rs.1000. ( चुनावी लोक लुभावन में पंजाब कि
महिलाओं को एक एक हज़ार रुपये दिए जाएंगे जो कि वित्तीय रूप से व्यावहारिक नहीं है. क्योंकि पंजाब राज्य सरकार पहले ही क़रीब छह लाख करोड़ रुपये के कर्ज़ में डू बी है)

- Polity: Federalism- Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act 2000→Uttarakhand was formed on November 9, 2000.
This was soon followed by disputes over assets and liabilities, mainly of the irrigation, transport, housing,
forest, food & civil supplies and tourism departments. e.g. Tehri Dam, Nanak Sagar Dam, Baigul Dam,
Tumaria Dam (out of six dams located in Uttarakhand and controlled by UP) and Haridwar’s Alaknanda Guest
House (controlled by UP Tourism, and now being handed over to Uttarakhand). 2021- New agreement
between the new state government to sort the issue. What exactly is the outcome of this agreement? Ans.
we need not prepared unless you are from the either state and preparing for UPSC interview. वर्ष 2000 में जब उत्तर
प्रदेश से उत्तराखंड का विभाजन हुआ तो सिंचाई यातायात मकान जंगल के पर्यटन इत्यादि के सरकारी संपत्तियों का बँटवारा होना था जिसमें अभी भी कु छ विवाद जा रही है। इसे
निपटाने के लिए 2021 में एक और संधि/समजोता किया है
- Polity: legislature- 2020: ANDHRA Pradesh state laws for the development of three capitals — Amaravati
(legislative), Visakhapatnam (executive) and Kurnool (judicial)- instead of proceeding with the previous TDP
regime's plan to develop the current capital of Amaravati. 2021: CM YSR repealed those laws, which
promised to come up with something more comprehensive. (पिछले साल आँध्र प्रदेश में कु छ ऐसा क़ानून बना था की तीन अलग अलग
राजधानियाँ बढ़ायी जाएंगी हालाँकि इस वर्ष वापस मुख्यमंत्री ने क़ानून रद्द कर दिया। की किसी बेहतर प्रस्ताव के साथ हम वापस आएँगे शायद सरकार के पास इतना पैसा नहीं /
प्रायोगिक रूप से ये व्यावहारिक नहीं था की तीन जगह पर राजधानी बनायी जा सके । )

- Polity: comparing constitutions (GSM2): 3 senior female judges resign over low pay and political
interference. 🤔Points to Reflect: in India we do not find such negative news because judges are paid
adequately and protected constitutionally from political interference. कम तनख़्वाह और राजनीतिक दबाव से परेशान होकर लेबनान
में तीन महिला जजों ने इस्तीफ़ा दिया भारत में हमेशा नहीं पाते क्योंकि संवैधानिक रूप से जजों को सुरक्षा दी जाती है

- Constitution Day, also known as Samvidhan Diwas celebrated on 26 November to commemorate the
adoption of the Constitution of India by the Constituent Assembly in 1949. The observation of Constitution
Day started in 2015, President of India organised an event in Parliament but Cong, TMC in Opp boycott of
Constitution Day event. (26 नवंबर को संविधान दिवस के रूप में मनाया जाता है )

- Polity-Legislature / Combative federalism: Electricity is a concurrent subject under the Constitution. 47%
of electricity transmission through State government on electricity distribution companies (DISCOM), but
their suffering from losses / bad loans because of the theft, populism, subsidies. 2) Union government to
amend IBC code so that NPA cases of State-owned DISCOMs can also be handled via IBC Code which will
effectively result in some private investor taking over the company through resolution or auction. 😥 1)
Combatative federalism by Punjab, W.Bengal Government 😥2) even private sector companies may not be
interested in taking over the State-govt-discomms especially in the rural backward regions because
profitability ⏬, electricity theft⏫. 🤔 previous issues in combative federalism : NEET, GST, BSF boundary
jurisdiction, RERA Law, Farm laws, electricity. बिजली संविधान में समवर्ती सूची में है। राज्य सरकार की मालिकी की बिजली कं पनियां नुक़सान में
चलती है कर्ज़ में डू ब रही है - लोक लुभावन के चलते और बिजली चोरी पर सख़्ती न दिखाने के कारण। दिवालियापन और शोधन अक्षमता क़ानून के अंतर्गत ऐसे ही बिजली
कं पनियों का भी निपटान हो सके यानी की निजी निवेशक उसे ख़रीद लें ऐसा क़ानूनी संशोधन कें द्र सरकार लाने जा rhi हैं

- Polity: comparing constitutions (GSM2): On average a constitution survives for around 17 years. France with
14 constitutions, Mexico at 5 constitutions and neighbouring Pakistan with 3 constitutions where elected over
a period of time. Exception: America’s constitution which is 234 years old. Indian Constitution: 72 years.
सामान्य रूप से संविधान 17 साल मे बदल दिया जाता है। फ़्रान्स में अब तक 14 बार संविधान बदला जा चुका है। हालाँकि अमरीकी संविधान 200 साल से ज़्यादा ज़िंदा है और
भारतीय संविधान 70 साल से ज़्यादा ज़िंदा है जो अपने आप में एक उपलब्धि है

- Polity-Legislature: ⏬debates: 2020-Sept: three farm bills were passed without debate. 2021-Nov: they are
repealed/removed without debate in parliament. तीन किसान बिल बिना चर्चा के संसद में पास भी हुए थे और अब बिना चर्चा के रद भी हो गए
- Polity-Legislature: RULE 256 from Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Rajya Sabha to suspend 12
MP for winter session. Reason? In August-2021 monsoon session they had disrupted the house and assaulted
Marshals. 🤔 Lok Sabha rulebook updated in 1989- members should not shout slogans, display placards, tear
up documents in protest, and play a cassette or a tape recorder in the House. Rajya Sabha has similar
rules. 🤔 2) In 2001, the Lok Sabha rule 374 Added to empower Speaker to automatically suspend an MP for a
maximum of five days for disrupting the business. 🤔 3) Parliamentary Affairs Minister can move a motion for
suspending the offending MP from the service of the House. The suspension can last until the end of the
session. 4) 5) 1963: First time MP suspended for interrupting President Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan’s joint
address to both Houses. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) In most cases, disorders in the House arise out of a sense of
frustration felt by members due to lack of opportunities to make his point, or clear his chest of grievances of
the people that move him or out of the heat of the moment. They are perhaps easier to deal with. But 2)
planned parliamentary offences and deliberate disturbances for publicity or for political motives are difficult
to control. भारतीय संसद में सांसदों के आचरण के लिए राज्यसभा और लोकसभा ने नियम बनाए हैं इसके अंतर्गत सभापति सांसद को बदसुलूकी के लिए एक सत्र तक
निलंबित कर सकता है- नारेबाज़ी करता, बैनर दिखाना, काग़ज़ फाड़ देना, कै सेट बजाना इत्यादि। 60 के दशक में राष्ट्रपति सर्वपल्ली राधाकृ ष्णन की भाषण के दौरान हंगामा करने
के लिए सबसे पहली बार लोक सभा के सांसदों को निलंबित किया गया था। 2021 अगस्त महीने में विपक्ष के बारह सांसदों ने राज्यसभा में मार्सेलो के साथ मारपीट और
बदतमीज़ी की थी। उन्हें ने शीत सत्र के दौरान सस्पेंड/निलम्बित किया गया है

- Polity: comparing Constitution- Republic: in the colonial times, British colonialists shipped captured African
slaves to work the BARBADOS island’s sugarcane. Till Now, Barbados accepted Britain’s Queen Elizabeth as
its head of state- just like Canada, Australia, Newzealand. (constitutional monarchy). 2021-Nov: Barbados
declares its self constitutional republic. Meaning Britain’s Queen Elizabeth removed as its head of state.
President-elect Sandra Mason is set for its first woman president. In future, other countries in the Caribbean,
particularly Jamaica, could be heading towards becoming republics. ( बारबाडोस नामक एक द्वीप देश में अभी तक संवैधानिक
राजतंत्र /राजाशाही थी। यानी देश के मुखिया की भूमिका में ब्रिटिश महारानी एलिज़ाबेथ थी- जैसा कि कनाडा ऑस्ट्रेलिया न्यूज़ीलैंड जैसे देशों में है। हालाँकि 2021 में उन्होंने
बारबाडोस देश ने ख़ुद को रिपब्लिक/ गणतंत्र प्रजातंत्र घोषित किया है यानी कि रानी गई। उसकी जगह चुनी हुई महिला राष्ट्रपति होंगी)

- Polity: WINTER SESSION 2021-Nov: 26 BILLS TO BE INTRODUCED for 1) Cryptocurrency 2) Electricity


(Amendment) Bill 3) Tenure extension for CBI,ED then Assisted Reproductive Technology Regulation Bill,
2020 (Surrogacy Bill) and the Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens (Amendment) Bill, the
banking amendment Bill and the IBC amendment Bill. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ SELF-PHD NOT REQUIRED. संसद के शीत सत्र में
सरकार अलग अलग विधेयक पेश करने वाली है अगर हाँ तो उनको पेश होने दो। न तो अपनी prelim परीक्षा कल सुबह और न ही अपनी मुख्य परीक्षा कल सुबह।

- Polity: secularism electoral populism: AAP CHIEF Arvind Kejriwal Sunday promised a free pilgrimage scheme
for people from different communities in Uttarakhand if his party comes to power in next year’s Assembly
elections. Under the free pilgrimage scheme, Hindus will be sent to Ayodhya, Muslims to Ajmer Sharif and
the Sikhs to Kartarpur Sahib 🤔Points to Reflect: previously Supreme Court had abolished the Haj Subsidy.
Highcourts too have abolished reservation for some castes. So even though politician may know that it may
get removed by the judiciary but the politicians announce it for the sake of populism. ( धर्मनिरपेक्षता और चुनावी
लोकलुभावन- के जरीवाल ने बयान दिया कि अगर उत्तराखंड में उनकी सरकार बनती है तो हिंदू मुस्लिम और सिख लोगों को तीर्थ यात्रा के लिए सब्सिडी दी जाएगी, हालाकि पहेले
ही सुप्रीम कोर्ट हज यात्रा के लिए मुस्लिमों को दी जाने वाली सब्सिडी बंद करवाँ चुका है। इन नेताओं को यह सब पता होता है की हम जो आरक्षण या धार्मिक सब्सिडी दे रही है
उसे न्यायपालिका शायद हटवा दिए लेकिन फिर भी लोक लुभावन के लिए वैसा करते हैं )
- Personal Data Protection Bill of 2019 aims to regulate the relationships roles and responsibilities 😍 A) DATA
PRINCIPAL: The person to whom the data in consideration belongs to. 😍 B) DATA PROCESSOR: A person,
state, company which processes data on behalf of someone else. e.g. Google, Paytm, Twitter, Amazon,
Facebook. The data could be of two types 😍 DATA PROTECTION AUTHORITY: A regulatory body for the Act to
deal between above players. Data could be of two types 🤔 I) PERSONAL DATA: Any data set that may contain
information that can reveal personal traits of a human being, and can be used to single out the person. 🤔 II)
NON-PERSONAL DATA: Data sets which do not contain any personal information and instead have information
detailing the larger trends such as the income group of a town, the average age, the male-to female-
population ratio, etc , 🤔 Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPP) give recommendations to add more provisions
in it for 1) NON PERSONAL DATA 2) Children DATA 3) Social media companies 4) Data localisation norms.
Etc. 😥 Criticism: Section 35- Union exempt from any agency from this law for national and public interest.
So misuse by intelligence agency for spying on opposition leaders / manipulate the voter etc. ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋
Further it PhD not important at this stage till the bill is presented in Parliament. ( निजी डेटा सुरक्षा बिल - जोकि डेटा के
स्त्रोत-व्यक्ति और डेटा का प्रसंस्करण कं पनी वाली कं पनियों के नियमन के लिए एक डेटा सुरक्षा प्राधिकरण बढ़ाएगा और व्यक्तिगत तथा और अ-व्यक्तिगत डेटा का नियमन करेगा।
संसद की संयुक्त समिति ने इस पर कु छ और सिफ़ारिशें की थी बाद में ये बिल संसद में पेश होने वाला है)

- Corona: World Health Organisation (WHO) had designated Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) as a “variant of
concern (VOC)”. First reported from South Africa. Also found in Israel and Belgium. Botswana and Hong Kong.
दक्षिण अफ़्रीका से पाया गया कोरोना वायरस का नया ओमीक्रोंन स्वरूप- जो अन्य स्वरूप से ज़्यादा संक्रामक और ख़तरनाक है।

- Sci-6 Corona: Can an RT-PCR test detect infection with Omicron? Ans. this variant is that it could be
detected in some of the RTPCR diagnostic tests (BUT NOT ALL) 2) most RT-PCR tests in India might not be
able to distinguish between Omicron and other variants. 3) RT-PCR tests can only confirm whether the
person has an infection or not. They are not designed to determine which particular variant has infected the
person. 4) GENOME testing of the sample required to find variant but it’s expensive. पारंपरिक RT-PCR test क्या
कोरोना वायरस के नए ओमिक्रोन स्वरूप को पकड़ सकता है। थोड़ा मुश्किल है उसके लिए अलग से जीनोम परीक्षण करना होगा, इसमें ख़र्चे लगते है

- Science- Corona: A pulse oximeter is a small clip-like device which, attached to a fingertip, earlobe, or
toe, calculates the amount of oxygen in blood. It was used widely during the corona pandemic to check the
oxygen level. 😍 oximeter has a small electronic processor and a pair of LEDs, one of which emits red light;
the other infra red. The lights pass through the finger, and the device senses what comes through the other
side. Oxygenated haemoglobin absorbs more infrared light and allows more red light to pass through than
deoxygenated hemoglobin. The amount of light that is transmitted is measured by the processor, 😍 A blood
oxygen saturation rate 95 per cent and higher is considered normal. 🤔 critics alleged that pulse oximeter is
are not giving proper reading if skin has dark pigmentation. पल्स-ओकसिमीटर नाम का साधन जो खून में ऑक्सीजन की मात्रा को लापता
है। हालाँकि अश्वेत चमड़ी वाले व्यक्तियों में यह साधन सही आंकड़े नहीं दिखा था ऐसा आरोप।

- Science-6 Corona: VARIANTS OF CONCERN: The WHO currently lists 5 variants of concern: ■ Omicron
(B.1.1.529), identified in southern Africa in November 2021 ■ Delta (B.1.617.2), which emerged in India in
late 2020 ■ Gamma (P.1),Brazil in late 2020 ■ Beta (B.1.351), in South Africa in early 2020 ■ Alpha (B.1.1.7),
in Britain in late 2020. So, Omicron is having similarities with Delta (both of them have the codename
“B.1. ).
- Science-6 Corona: VARIANTS OF INTEREST: 1) Lambda (C.37),Peru 2) Mu (B.1.621),Colombia.
- Sci-Heath: UK proposed ’to clear country’s first long-acting injectable treatment for HIV-1 infection in
adults using a combination of the injections cabotegravir with rilpivirine. While HIV is still incurable, but the
virus can be controlled by modern treatment. However, for some patients daily oral tablets difficult due to
side effects, toxicity, and other psychosocial issues such as stigma. But this injection combo need to be
taken only once every 2 months. (हालाँकि एड्स के उपचार की कोई दवाई नहीं है किन्तु शरीर में वायरस की मात्रा को कम की जा सकती है यदि रोज़ाना मुँह
से दवाइयां खाई जाए लेकिन कु छ बार मरीज़ों कर नहीं पाते तो 2 महीने पर इंजेक्शन से वही लाभ मिले ऐसा संशोधन ब्रिटन मे)

- Science: 6-Public Health: HELA Cells: they are cervical cancer tutor cells from Henrietta Lacks, a Black
tobacco farmer of USA (1950s). These cells are unique because they continue to multiply/double every day
even in the laboratory outside human body. HELA cells have been used by 1) Jonas Salk used the cells to
develop the polio vaccine, 2) Identify the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 3) develop the cervical
cancer vaccine. 4) SARS-CoV-2 corona vaccine etc. 2020 marked her birth centenary so WHO installed her
statue in Bristol (UK). 😥 ethical concerns: HELA tumour cells were given away for research without patient’s
consent and pharma companies have made millions of dollars, but family got nothing. अमेरिकी अश्वेत महिला हेनरिएटा
लेक्स के शरीर से निकाले गए कैं सर कोष, प्रयोगशाला में रोज़ दुगनी होते हैं। इन “हेला-सेल/कोष” की मदद से ढेर सारे चिकित्सा/वैज्ञानिक आविष्कार हो पाए हैं- जैसे की
पोलियो टीकाकरण, कोरोना टीकाकरण। हालाँकि फार्मास्युटिकल कं पनियों ने बिलियन डॉलर बना लिए लेकिन परिवार को कु छ पैसा नहीं दिया।

- Sci-Space: NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission to fly an unmanned spacecraft — about
the size of a golf cart — and crash it into an asteroid the size of a pyramid. 😍 It is a test to see whether the
impact can alter the course of the celestial bodies. 😍 2) Test ability to protect earth from asteroids. ( नासा ऐसा
अवकाश यान भेजेगा जो उल्कापिंड से टकराकर उसका रास्ता बदलवा दें ताकि उस उल्कापिंड के गिरने से पृथ्वी को नुक़सान न हो।)

- Science/Space Tech: A white dwarf is a star that has burnt up all of its fuel and shed its outer layers. It is
now under going a process of shrinking and cooling over millions of years. Scientists have found a new white
dwarf that completes a full rotation once every 25 seconds. It is the fastest spinning confirmed white dwarf,
using magnetic propeller system (सफ़े द बौना सितारा जो की अपना पूरा ईंधन समाप्त कर चुका है और सिकु ड़कर ठंडा हो रहा है)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ 6G technology launch likely by 2023-end or 2024, says Vaishnaw. Let them come up with some
explain series.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ After Airtel, Vi hikes prepaid tariffs: How will it help revenues, AGR angle. Already covered in
Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series Pillar#5 available at mrunal.org/download

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Columns on Standup comedian Munawar Farooki program cancel. We already have enough
content for intolerance, freedom of speech related for judgements in the past. 2) school education, farm
laws etc. 3) Kim Jong Unn ki hairstyle and leather jacket
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Cross-border insolvency: MCA pitches framework. LET THEM actually DO IT. सीमा पार दिवालियापन ढांचा-
उसके बारे में मंत्रालय नियम बनाने की सोच रहा है तो उसको पहले नियम बनाने दो।
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Cryptocurrency: How the needle moved from ban to regulation. ADB greenlights $1.5-billion
loan for vaccination in India.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ DU V-C admits tough vs liberal state boards affects admissions, says needs review.

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ EcoPil5-INFRA-Communication: DEPARTMENT of Telecommunications (DoT) has reprimanded


Elon Musk’s Starlink Internet Services for pre-selling satellite based internet services without having obtained
the necessary licences गंजेड़ी इलोंन मस्क ट्विटर पे नौटंकी करने मे बहुत बिजी था, इसलिए बिना भारतीय दूरसंचार विभाग की अनुमति लिए वो Starlink इंटरनेट
सेवाओं की advance-बुकिं ग के लिए भारतीय जनता से पैसा ले रहा था तो, भारत सरकार ने उसको डाँटा हैं।
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: RBI remains silent on panel recommendation of allowing big corporate
houses to open banks. Already covered in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series
https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21csp-economy-pillar-1b-banking-nbfc-sector/34V4L365
(https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21csp-economy-pillar-1b-banking-nbfc-sector/34V4L365) (🔖
Unlock Free content with Code: 'Mrunal.org'). Its Handout available at https://mrunal.org/download अदानी
अंबानी जैसे बड़े उद्योगपतियों को बैंक खोलने का लाइसेंस देना चाहिए कि नहीं इसके बारे में एक समिति ने सुझाव दिए थे रिज़र्व बैंक अभी मुँह में दही जमा कर बैठा है वो सारा मुद्दा
हम पहले भी पढ़ चुके हैं
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Environment/Pollution: causes ‘divorce’ among albatrosses seabirds due to mating/breeding
failure by Climate change.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Explained: Oil for emergencies
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ importance of Jewar airport, why it is needed and the areas it will serve
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Politics of UP expressways

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ RESERVE Bank of India (RBI) on Monday superseded the board of directors of Anil Ambani’s
Reliance Capital Ltd (RCL),2) RBI clears LIC stake hike in Kotak Mahindra Bank To raise holding in lender to
nearly 10%
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ What defection of 12 Meghalaya MLAs means for Congress & Trinamool
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Why Assam is radio-collaring elephants 1) man animal conflict 2) poaching.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Why Jaya’s property matters in TN politics

- Awards: schedule tribe Indians who achieved greatness: Tulasi Gowda (environmentalist Karnataka Padma
Award), Rahibai Soma Popere ( Seed conservation, Maharashtra, Padma Award) and Lakshmikutty (traditional
medicine Kerala, Padma Aaward). Separately various achievements in Sports: Dutee Chand, Mary Kom,
Bhaichung Bhutia, Deepika Kumari, Thonakal Gopi and Lalremsiami. अनुसूचित जनजाती समुदाय के कु छ लोग जिन्होंने उत्कृ ष्ट कार्य
किए हैं।

- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: RBI Jayant Kumar Dash WORKING group on digital lending thru websites/app. need a
separate law for regulating this. Setup Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO). Money must be transferred from
lender to borrowers account directly in Bank- so as to keep a trace of evidence / black money etc.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Nov tax devolution to states front-loaded for capex push. One liner that Advance instalment
given so they can develop infrastructure.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ What’s behind the recent startup IPO rush

- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: Nigeria launched its non-interest-yielding central bank digital currency (CBDC)
— the eNaira. CBDC pilot projects are underway in at least 17 other countries. Pros and cons Already covered
in Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series available at mrunal.org/download (कें द्रीय बैंक द्वारा वैधानिक मुद्रा को काग़ज़ी स्वरूप से नहीं
लेकिन डिजिटल रूप में छापना)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Crypto Bill may be in Winter session. Let them actually table the bill
- Paytm (One 97 Communications, CEO Vijay Shekhar Sharma. Other partners . China’s Alibaba-Ant group
(6%), Japan's SoftBank and Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway) launched INDIA’S LARGEST initial public
offering (IPO) that raised Rs 18,300 crore from investors. Stag (Male Deer) Investor - buys shares in IPO
(initial public offering in the primary market) with hopes of selling it at a very high price on LISTING in
Secondary market. Often they get lucky with almost 80-100% profit but Gameplan failed in Paytm. Primary
market Rs.2150 but but on day1 of listing (in the secondary market), it fell by almost 25%. Reasons 😥 1)
General slowdown in the share market because of the high inflation and American interest rate/fed tapering
concerns 😥 2) high valuation of Paytm share price but institutional investors (Mutual Fund, Pension Fund
etc) not very confident of the growth prospects of this company. To put this simply for layman- HDFC bank
can give loan and its share is priced at ₹1500 whereas Paytm (a Payment Bank, can’t give loan) demanding
₹2150 share price. Previously Paytm had superiority because of the mobile wallet system, but mobile wallets
no longer necessary thanks to UPI-Bhim. Paytm’s own filling to SEBI says they may never become
profitable! 😥3) startup bubble, no free lunches in economy- said Raghuram Rajan. Cashback discount is
given to build subscriber base to create hype- ultimately startup founders recovered all the cashback money
from retail investors (who lost 25% on listing day). 😥4) this could also negatively affect the future IPOs of
Startup Companies / tapid reponce to Govt’s disinvestment. 😥5) Ethical- Retail investors frenzy applying
IPO, playing sharemarket with the hopes of 25 dinn me paisa double. At some point they were bound to pay
for excess greed. (Paytm IPO में डू बा निवेशको का पैसा- कं पनी की मुनाफ़ा क्षमता के हिसाब से बहूत ऊँ चे दाम पर बेचा गया था। स्टार्टअप का गुब्बारा फू टेगा एसा
डर. बिना मेहनत के 25 दिन में पैसे डबल करने की लालच रखने वाले आम निवेशकों ने भी अपने नैतिक मूल्यों पर सोच विचार करना चाहिए की लालच बुरी बला है)
- Sebi releases investor charter for investor protection and complaint redressal. To be covered in Mrunal's
Free Win22 Lecture Series available at mrunal.org/download (सेबी द्वारा निवेशको का अधिकार पत्र)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Sebi tweaks ‘fit and properperson’rule
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ How buyback using retro tax refund helps Cairn. Retro tax already explained Already covered in
Mrunal's Free Win21 Lecture Series available at mrunal.org/download

- EcoPill2-Budget: Fiscal Challenge: SC ordered COVID Ex gratia Rs 50,000 to next of kin of those who died
due to Covid-19. It is not mandatory that death certificate must mention “covid” as cause of death. However
Gujarat state government has set up ‘Covid-19 death ascertaining committee’, to scrutinise the claims
before releasing the money. SC pulls up Gujarat Govt for going contrary to the SC directions. 🤔Points to
Reflect: 😥 1) State governments do not on enough money from taxation so it is difficult for them to release
the money esp. Gujarat, Bihar- with liquor ban 😥 2) State governments provide businessman with land at
token price (e.g. 100 hectare land for token price of ₹1 for 99 years)- for industrial development, renewable
energy etc. Along with concessions in the property tax, land revenue etc. Therefore states do not have
enough money for emergency. 😥 3) Way forward? need to improve Insurance density, insurance penetration,
calamity insurance. (कोरोना से जो व्यक्ति मरे हैं उनके नज़दीकी परिजनों को 50, हज़ार रुपये देने के लिए मृत्यु प्रमाण पत्र में ‘कोरोना से मौत’ एसा लिखा होना
अनिवार्य नहीं है एसे सुप्रीम कोर्ट के आदेश का गुजरात सरकार पर सीधा पालन करने की जगह अलग से समिति बनायी है जो की जाँच करेगी कि वास्तव में लाभार्थी कोरोना से मरा
था कि नहि, इस पर सुप्रीम कोर्ट नाराज़ है। 🤔 राज्य सरकारों के पास कराधान में आमदनी वैसे भी कम होती है और औद्योगिक प्रोत्साहन के लिए फ़्री में ज़मीन देना- जिसके
चलते वित्तीय क्षमता कम होती। लोग स्वयं ही अपना बीमा ख़रीदें या सरकार द्वारा सभी लोगों के लिए पहले से ही आपदा बीमा ख़रीद लिया जाए)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Tax Chori Panama PANDORA SHOWS how offshore entity. (असल में कु छ पकड़ने दो)

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) at GIFT City has recommended
changes in the Goods and Services Tax (GST) and Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Act, 2005, to make the sector
attractive. (वो तो ऐसे भी हवा भी सुझाव दे सकते हैं कराधान के कानूनों में सुधार होता कि और विदेशी निवेश भारत आ सके )
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ IP rights waiver on Covid essentials: Govt engaging EU, others ahead of WTO. Let the meeting
happen.
APMC (Agricultural Produce Market Committee) mandis; 2) The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection)
Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020, which seeks to provide a framework for contract
farming; 3) The Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020, which is aimed at giving certain relief to
food processing companies from the stockholding limits during inflation. Salient features of the Acts explain
in detail in Mrunal’s Free Win20 Series (mrunal.org/download) REASONS for removal of 3 farm laws: 1)
farmers were protesting fearing exploitation at the hands of MNCs similar to ola-uber drivers and zomato
delivery boys. Govt was unable to convince them. 2) 😥) farm laws were for all practical purposes dead from
2021-Jan: because Supreme Court had stayed farm laws implementation “until further orders”. The apex
court never heard the matter again even after an expert committee. 😥) problems in federalism: state
governments complaining that union government is encroaching upon their legal domain. 😥) protest sites
were creating problem of traffic, movement of other citizens, incidents of lynching. 😥) removal of stock
limit in the Essential commodity act was creating problem for the government in controlling the pulses
inflation. 😥) the present lockdown was preventing government from doing other set of reforms in
agriculture such as urea subsidy electricity subsidy etc. 🤔 ) protesting farm leaders were demanding new set
of reforms e.g make a new law to make MSP a legal right, similar to the National Food Security Act. but this
is financially difficult for the union government. But now the protesters will return to their homes so farm
leaders will not be able continue the protests for MSP-legal right in an effective manner. 🤔 ) RSS feared
agitation was impacting social cohesion of Hindus & Sikhs in Punjab, affecting the election outcome. 😥
Unofficial reasons: 1) Punjab election, strong possibility of the BJP joining hands with former chief minister
Amarinder Singh 2) Preventing he rise of Rakesh Tikait in Western UP before UP election. 3) Modi was
worried about his global image after Comedian Vir Das, Greta Thurnberg & Pop-star Rihanna supported
farmers. 😍 Way forward: 🤔 Modi government can ask BJP-ruled states to reform their APMC laws to
deregulate farm produce trading and enable contract cultivation. Once they do it, other states are bound to
follow sooner for competitive federalism. 😍) lesson for the ruling party/Union Executive that being that the
process of economic reforms has to be more consultative, more transparent and better communicated to the
potential beneficiaries. It is this inclusiveness that lies at the heart of democratic functioning of India. It
takes time and humility to implement reforms, given the argumentative nature of our society. But doing so
ensures that everyone wins. तीन किसान क़ानून जिसके प्रमुख बिंदु हम पहले ही 2020 के भी वीडियों में पड़ चुके हैं उसको मोदी सरकार ने हटा दिया। किसान
विरोध प्रदर्शन कर रहे थे कि हमारा शोषण होगा बहुराष्ट्रीय कं पनियों द्वारा और सरकार उन्हें आश्वस्त नहीं कर पा रही थी. सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने भी जनवरी महीने से इन कानूनों को
स्थगित करवा दिया था. राज्य सरकारें भी सहकारी संघवाद हनन का आरोप लगा rhi थी। आंदोलनकारियों के चलते यातायात परिवहन भीड़ द्वारा वध करना ऐसी समस्या। किसान
नेता न्यूनतम समर्थन मूल्य को क़ानून अधिकार बढ़ाने की माँग कर रहे थे लेकिन मोदी सरकार के लिए वित्तीय रूप से करना असंभव । अब जो पुराने किसान क़ानून ही हटा दिए तो
आंदोलनकारी घर वापस लौट जाएंगे तो किसान नेता MSP वाली बात पर ज़ोरदार प्रदर्शन कर नहि पाएँगे। पंजाबी हिंदू सिख सौहार्द में दिक़्क़त आ रही थी जिसे BJP के लिए
चुनाव जीतना मुश्किल। मोदी को अपनी वैश्विक छवि की चिंता थी क्योंकि Greta जैसे मशहूर विदेशी आंदोलनकारी किसानों का समर्थन कर रहे थे! हालाँकि भविष्य में BJP
शासित राज्य सरकारें किसान नेताओं को विश्वास में लेके इसी प्रकार के क़ानून ख़ुद भी तो पास कर सकती है उसके बाद अन्य राज्यों पर भी दबाव बनेगा कि वे भी ऐसे क़ानून
पास करे। भविष्य में कृ षि सुधार और आर्थिक सुधार से पहले सरकार ने ज़्यादा लोगों को विश्वास में लेना चाहिए ये इस मामले का सबक हे।
- EcoPil4A-Agro: Farm-law repeal: ANTI Arguments 😥 1) Cropping patterns will remain skewed in favour of
rice and wheat, with the granaries of the Food Corporation of India bulging with stocks of grain. The food
subsidy will keep bloating and there will be large leakages. The groundwater table in the northwestern
states will keep receding and methane and nitrous oxide will keep polluting the environment. 😥 2) Farmer
will be continued to be exploited at the hand of APMC traders and consumers will suffer food inflation from
middlemen commissions. 3) The latest Situation Assessment Survey of the NSO reveals that the income of an
average agri-household in India was only Rs 10,218 per month in 2018-19. Even if we add another Rs 500 per
month under the PM-KISAN scheme, still it’s insufficient for decent Standard of living. APMC needs to be
reformed. 4) we may witness freebies being showered in the runup to state elections, followed by more
freebies before the General Election in 2024. This competitive populism can give some succour to the poor in
the short run, which they deserve, having suffered badly during the pandemic period, but in the long run this
will harm fiscal deficit. कृ षि अर्थशास्त्र के विशेषज्ञ प्रोफ़े सर अशोक गुलाटी का मानना है कि ये ३ कृ षि क़ानून हटाने से क्या क्या नुक़सान होंगे। गेहूं और चावल की
फसलों की पैदावार पर ज़्यादा ज़ोर दिया जाएगा जिसे असल में भुजल क़िल्लत, वायु प्रदूषण, जमीन प्रदूषण होगा इत्यादि। हालाँकि इस मामले का मिलता जुलता प्रश्न UPSC
Mains-२०२० पूछ चुकी है और उसका मॉडल आंसर भी मे अपलोड कर चुका हूँ https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-upsc-gsm3-2020-
model-ans-agroenvironmentdisaster/63CNWIDD (https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-upsc-gsm3-2020-
model-ans-agroenvironmentdisaster/63CNWIDD)

- EcoPil4A-Agro: TRIBAL district of Dangs in Gujarat will formally be declared an organic farming district
because all farm are completely free from chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Earlier Sikkim became the
hundred percent organic state after the state assembly passed a law prohibiting the entry of chemical
fertilizer/pesticides. (जैविक खेती जिला- जहाँ मानव निर्मित रसायनों का प्रयोग वर्जित हो)

- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: Inflation: 1) Stagflation = High inflation, low GDP growth, high unemployment. 2)
core inflation = headline minus food and fuel. Then Indian express explains long winded data analysis we will
not study because let 📙📙ES22 come. (महँगाई मुद्रास्फीति)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Data for 7.3 crore registered workers across 36 states/UTs (as on Nov 11) let 📙📙ES22 come.
We’ll study from there.

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ e-Shram portal — the country’s first centralised database of unorganised workers seeded with
Aadhaar. 7 of 10 informal workers SC, ST, OBCs; more than half work in the farm sector. Let 📙📙ES22 come
next year.

- EcoPil5-INFRA: Energy: shale oil also called ‘tight oil’. is found in smaller batches, and deeper than
conventional crude deposits. Its extraction requires hydraulic fracking- meaning creation of fractures in then
pumping water-guar gum mixure to get the shale’s released. 😥 India has some deposits in Barmer Hills
(Rajasthan), Cambay basin in Gujarat and the Krishna Godavari basin in Andhra Pradesh. But challenges
regarding the technology and deposit size. although foreign companies like Cairn exploring in Barmer. 😥
when the crude oil price declines the demand of shale gas declines much faster- thus turning project
unprofitable. So reliance exited from American Shale-gas business. Thus, Indian companies are not getting
the technology or experience in the Shell gas drilling business.

- EcoPil5-INFRA: Mining- Goa has two important sources of livelihood- 1) Tourism. 2) Mining. During
Portuguese rule, mining rights given to businessmen for perpetuity. 1961: Liberation of Goa- Mining leases
with a finite time period- expired in 2007. Afterwards litigations related to corruption in mining rights
allocation, environment damage. So for the last few years mining industry has came to almost standstill.
Resulting into job loss and business loss. So resumption of the mining is one of the main agenda in the
election campaigning in Goa. (गोवा में खनन प्रतिबंध को हटाना चुनावी मुद्दा है)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Green push: Gencos can sell renewable power to discoms under thermal deals. Technical rules
poor cost:benefit. Sufficient to know that it will help the renewable energy market. कोयला बिजली उत्पादक किसी से अक्षय
ऊर्जा ख़रीद के बिजली आपूर्ति कं पनीयो को बेच पाए उसकी सब तकनीकी नियमों में बदलाव होते rhete हे। हमारे लिए इतना जानना काफ़ी है कि इससे नवीनीकरण ऊर्जा की
बिक्री और उत्पादन में मदद मिलेगी। झंडा लेके उसमें phd कर तो सकते हाई लेकिन २०० दिन मे प्रिलिम के बाक़ी विषयों की पढ़ाई ख़त्म नहीं हो पाएगी।

- EcoPil5-INFRA: Railway station renaming: business of naming it is left to the discretion of the state
government concerned. Change of station names is a state subject even though Railways belongs to the
Union government. The state government sends the request to the Home Ministry, which then gives its
approval, keeping the Railways Ministry in the loop. Usually, it is checked that no other station with the
proposed name exists anywhere in India. A new station “code” for railway operations may need to be
invented. For instance for Rani Kamlapati station, the code changes from “HBJ” (Habibganj railway station)
to “RKMP” (Rani Kamlapati station) (हालाँकि रेलवे स्टेशन का मालिक कें द्र सरकार होता है लेकिन रेलवे स्टेशन का नामकरण राज्यों द्वारा किया जाता है)

- EcoPil5-INFRA: Housing. (DATA) more than 77% of the total assets of an average Indian household are held
in real estate, and it’s the single largest investment of an individual in his lifetime. (Origin) Consumer
Protection Act, 1986 was inadequate to address the needs of homebuyers against the builders’ malpractices.
So, 2016: Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA). 😥 if the building project had started
but not given completion certificate in 2016- those projects not covered in law. However now Supreme Court
has given the retrospective effect- so those buyers can also benefit. 😥 combatative federalism: West Bengal
government not implementing this law has enacted its own legislation — West Bengal Housing Industry
Regulation Act, 2017 (HIRA) — instead of notifying rules under RERA. (२०१६ का रेरा क़ानून लागू होने के दिन जो बिल्डिंग प्रोजेक्ट
निर्माणाधीन किए हैं उन पर वो क़ानून लागू होगा की नहीं इस पर सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने “भूतलक्षि अम्लीकरण” का फ़े सला दिया। पश्चिम बंगाल में ये क़ानून नहीं है कि उन्होंने अपनी राज्य
के लिए अलग क़ानून बनाया है)

- Swachh Bharat Mission Swachh Survekshan 2021 by Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs MoHUA. A) cities
with over 10 lakh population: Rank1-INDORE (fifth consecutive year), 2-Surat and 3-Vijaywada. B) Varanasi
emerged as the ‘Best Ganga Town’ while Ahmedabad Cantonment won the title of ‘India’s Cleanest
Cantonment’. C) under the Prerak Daaur Samman, a new performance category introduced under Swachh
Survekshan 2021, five cities – Indore, Surat, Navi Mumbai, New Delhi Municipal Council and Tirupati were
categorized as ‘Divya’ (Platinum).

- ASER (Annual Status of Education Report) by NGO Pratham. 16th Ediiton-2020 Telephonic survey found that
1) Share of government schools in admission increased from 65% to 70% because during Corona parents lost
income so unable to afford private schools. 2) 30% rural households purchased mobile tablet to have the
child for e-learning Bhatt's problems persist 3) increased reliance on tuitions ( भारत के शिक्षा कि वार्षिक स्थिति के लिए असर
रिपोर्ट- फ़ोरम के दौरान आमदनी कम होने के चलते कई माँ बाप ने अपने बच्चों को सरकारी स्कू ल में दाख़िल करवाया है - क्योंकि निजी स्कू ल की महँगी फ़ीस सम्भव नहि। इ-
लरनिंग की समस्याए और ट्यूशन संस्कृ ति बढ rhi हैं उसपर टिप्पणिया )

- Science: Cancer- BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 are proteins associated with breast tissues which help repair damaged
DNA or destroy cells if the damaged DNA cannot be repaired. They are thus tumour suppressor or caretaker
genes. if BRCA itself has undergone a mutation, it loses the ability to repair DNA. This increases the cancer
chances in women.

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Oral Diabetic drug using A nanoparticle made from a polymerised bile acid helps reinstate
normal metabolism and eventually restore immune competence. This much technical science gives poor cost
benefit:
- 6-HRD/Public Health: Generic drugs are chemically identical to drugs whose patent has expired. Every
pharmaceutical company can manufacture and send it. e.g. Paracetamol. When chemist and customers deal
in generic drugs they are mainly focusing on brand differentiation (Cadila vs Pfizer) based on profit margin,
perceived quality respectively. But there is no way for the customer to find out which generic drug brand is
better quality for the given price range? COMPETITION Commission of India (CCI, statutory body under the
Ministry of corporate affairs) conducted a market study on the pharmaceutical sector. Then CCI’s committee
suggested Setting up of National Digital Drugs Databank that will help the customers make an informed
decision. In a separate BizGK, FLIPKART aquires online pharma store SastaSundar.com. Pharmaeasy online
pharma store startup is planning to launch its IPO. So there is also a need for regulation of the online
pharmaceutical market Place. (जब किसी दवाई का पेटेंट समाप्त हो जाए तो अन्य सभी फ़ार्मा कं पनियां इसका उत्पादन कर सकती है ऐसी दवाई को ऐसी पेटेंट
मुफ़्त दवाई को जेनेरिक दवाएँ कहा जाता है. हालाँकि फिर ऐसी कोई दवाई किसी कं पनी की ख़रीदी जाए इसका निर्णय दवाई के दुकानदार मुनाफ़े के कमीशन पर और आप ग्राहक
किसी बड़ी कं पनी की गुणवत्ता/विज्ञापन पर विश्वास से करते हैं। किन्तु अंततः ग्राहक का शोषण हो ऐसा जोखिम रहता है इसलिए भारतीय प्रतिस्पर्धा आयोग की एक समिति ने
सुझाव दिया है कि राष्ट्रीय डिजीटल दवाई डेटा बैंक बनाया जाए जिसमें सभी कं पनीयो की दवाइयों की गुणवत्ता के बारे में जानकारी हो ताकि ग्राहक सही निर्णय ले पाए।)

- 6HRD: Keywords for Children development (from TN Policy): malnutrition, anaemia, infant mortality rate,
under 5 mortality rate, child sex ratio, full immunization, body mass index, gross enrolment ratio at high and
higher secondary level, open defecation, child marriage, child labour, gender and social exclusion. etc,
Benefit: UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), 1989, National Policy for Children, 2013, the
National Plan of Action 2016 and the UN document ‘Transforming our world, The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development’. (बाल विकास के बारे में लिखना हो तो तमिलनाडु राज् की बाल विकास नीति से अलग अलग चिकने चुपड़े शब्द)

- Environment/Pollution: 953 richest families in India own 26 per cent of the country’s GDP. If government
demanded 4% climate tax from them it could be equivalent of 1% of GDP. But instead of that government
levying high level of indirect taxes (GST on biscuit medicines, Excise-VAT on fuel) on common Man. Need to
increase the direct taxes collection. अमीरों पर ज़्यादा कराधान लगाकर जलवायु परिवर्तन के लिए पैसा इस्तेमाल हो

- Environment/Biodiv: scorpions found mostly in deserts. can survive for weeks on end with no food or water.
Egypt sudden flood in Aswan region-> deathstalker scorpions came out & stung over 500 people in a night. A
deathstalker’s sting can kill a child. Adults may also sicken and die, depending on their health and weight
इजिप्ट में बिच्छु ओंने एक रात में पाँचसो लोगों को काटा। मूडीज़ बहन से छोटा बच्चा मर सकता है वयस्क व्यक्ति मरेगा की नहीं वो उसकी स्वास्थ्य और वजन पर निर्भर है

- Environment/Biodiversity: 2015 Rajsthan Camel protection law 1) Camel slaughter prohibited 2) Possession
of camel offense 3) requires the seller to obtain approval from the district magistrate before transporting
the camel to another State. 😍Camel population/⬇️slaughter. 😥 Redtapism. taking man months to get the
clearance. Raika and Raibari communities have been protesting, at the ongoing cattle fair in Pushkar ( राजस्थान
ऊँ ट-हत्या प्रतिबंध क़ानून के ख़िलाफ़ विरोध हो रहा है)

- Environment/Pollution: Apple to sell spare-parts and tools help aimed at fixing the most common issues
with laptop display, iPhone etc. 😍E-waste reduction by prolonging the life-cycle of a product. Circular-
economy, “Right to Repair”
- Environment/Pollution: COMMISSION for Air Quality Management (CAQM) is an Staturoy body under THE
COMMISSION FOR AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION AND ADJOINING AREAS ACT, 2021
set up by the Union Environment Ministry to oversee measures to curb air pollution in the National Capital
Region NCR, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. It has ordered following for NCR: 1) closing of all
education institutions, including schools and colleges, till further notice, a 2) halt on all construction
activities till November 21. 3) as well as work from home for 50 per cent staff in government offices. 4) Anti-
smog guns, water sprinkling and dust suppressants are to be deployed thrice a day in hotspots. 5) heavy
penalties are to be imposed on parties stacking construction material and waste on roads. 6) banned the use
of diesel generator sets except in emergencies. (दिल्ली में वायु प्रदूषण के ख़िलाफ़ कें द्र सरकार की CAQM आयोग ने दिशा निर्देश जारी किए-
स्कू ल कॉलेजों को बंद किया जाए, सरकारी दफ्तरों में सिर्फ़ आधा मानवबल आए, बाक़ी सब घर से काम करें। मकान निर्माण प्रक्रियाओं पर रोक ।पानी छिड़काव, स्मोग-रोधी बंदूक़
का इस्तेमाल। डीज़ल विद्युत जनरेटर पर रोक, सिवाय के आपातकाल में प्रयोग करना पड़े।)

- UNFCCC COP26, Glasgow UK Summit. British politician ALOK SHARMA was PRESIDENT OF THIS YEAR’S
CLIMATE CONFERENCE. Outcomes. What COP26 achieved 😍 1) Asked countries to make efforts to reduce use
of coal as a source of fuel, and abolish “inefficient” subsidies on fossil fuels. 😍2) Asked the developed
countries to at least double the money being provided for adaptation by 2025 from 2019 levels. And give
$100 billion by 2023. 😍 3) Already Mitigation target= the 2°C goal. But, a similar global goal on adaptation
has been missing, so in the next two years they will try to define the target for adaptation. 😥 4) LOSS AND
DAMAGE mechanism mentioned in Warsaw summit 8 years back. But nothing concrete yet still giving
lipservice. 😍 5) CARBON MARKET: Such a market allows countries, or industries, to earn carbon credits for
the emission reductions. While Developing countries like India, China or Brazil have large amounts of carbon
credits left over because of the lack of demand, as many countries abandoned their emission reduction
targets. So, Glasgow Pact has offered some reprieve to the developing countries. It has allowed these carbon
credits to be used in meeting countries’ first NDC targets (i.e. until 2025), but not subsequent NDC targets.
6) Asked countries to strengthen their 2030 climate action plans, or NDCs (nationally-determined
contributions), by next year 7) an annual meeting of ministers to raise ambitions of 2030 climate actions 8)
member countries need to present an annual synthesis report about NDC progress. 😍 on sidelines of the
summit, parallel progress made by individual nations 1) India announced a Panchamitra (a mixture of five
elements) of climate actions (REF EARLIER EXCEL) 2) Over 100 countries signed pact against deforestation by
2030. India didnot sign) 3) Over 30 countries signed on to a declaration promising to work towards a
transition to 100% zero-emission cars by the year 2040. India signed. 4) COP26: Some leaders wanted to
“PHASE OUT” Coal. But India China and others opposed the draft so now “PHASE DOWN COAL. And fossil fuel
subsidies. India's apprehension because if we stop giving LPG cylinder subsidies people will cut firewood →
air pollution, deforestation, women hardship. (जलवायु परिवर्तन के ख़िलाफ़ ग्लासगो परिषद का निष्कर्ष: कोयले का प्रयोग कम करें- हालाँकि कु छ
नेता चाहते थे कि कोयले का संपूर्ण रूप से प्रतिबंधित हो जाए लेकिन भारत चीनी तिवारी ने विरोध किया था। विकसित देशों ने 2030 तक सौ बिलियन डॉलर देने होंगे। एडेप्टेशन
यानी अनुकू लन की व्याख्या अगले दो साल में निर्धारित होगी। नुक़सान और उसकी भरपाई के मामले में कोई संतोषजनक निर्णय। भारत ब्राज़ील चीन इत्यादि अपने जमा कार्बन
क्रे डिट 2025 तक बेच पाएंगे। आने वाले वर्षों में सालाना रूप से कार्यप्रगति का लेखा जोखा देना होगा। इस परिषद के समांतर- जंगल कटाई रुख़ से छेदन के ख़िलाफ़ एक और
समझौता हुआ लेकिन भारत ने उस पर हस्ताक्षर नहीं किया। 2040 के बाद शून्य उत्सर्जन वाली गाड़ियां बेची जाए उस समझौते पर भारत ने हस्ताक्षर किए।
- Ahmedabad- mob killed a (suspected rabid) dog & later taking out a procession of dead dog’s body. Animal
rights activist are doing Dharna outside police station to arrest those killers. But community leaders are
saying that it was the right thing to do because of the menace of the rabbit dog biting children. As IPS what
will you do? 🤔Points to Reflect: 😥 1) If mob had suspicions of dog turning rabid then animal welfare
department could have been contacted. 😥 2) even in self-defence if rabid dog killed, there is no
justification for taking out the process and this is not some bravery of winning olympics. Rather it
encourages/normalises the culture of cruelty towards animals. 😥3) Autopsy of dead dog need to be done,
find out whether it was really rabid? Accused persons need to be called up to the police station. ( भीड़ ने एक पागल
कु त्ते को काट दिया और फिर मरे हुए कु त्ते को एक डंडे पर लटकाकर उसकी शोभा यात्रा निकाली इस पर पशु प्रेमी पुलिस थाने के बाहर धरना प्रदर्शन कर रहे हैं कि भीड़ वालों को
पकड़ा जाए। पुलिस अफ़सर के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे?)

- Vigilantism mob lynching: Vinod Salunke a 48-YEAR-OLD murder convict, released on parole. He slapped a
minor boy playing cricket. Boy complained to mother, group of 15 women gathered. Vinodh was convicted
for killing a minor boy in the same area in 2009. So, women (fearing safety of their children) attacked him
with cricket stumps, bats and wooden sticks, & he died. Police aims to arrest the woman but local crowd is
resisting that it was done for the safety of our children! As Police Officer what will you do? 🤔Points to
Reflect: 1) Vigilantism is illegal. Arrest needs to be made. It is for the court to decide the fate of those
women. 2) take the help of local community leaders in confidence, to make the arrest process without
untoward incidents. (एक हत्यारा जो नाबालिक लड़के की हत्या के लिए पहले ही 2009 में जेल जा चुका था वो पैरोल पे छू ट कर अपने वतन वापस आया। वापस
किसी नाबालिग किशोर के साथ क्रिके ट खेलने के मामले में उसकी कहासुनी हो गई। इस आरोपी ने लड़के को थप्पड़ मारा। लड़का अपनी माँ को बुलाया और फिर 15 महिलाओं की
भीड़ ने पीट पीटकर इस व्यक्ति को मार दिया क्योंकि उन्हें डर था ये आदमी वापस किसी की हत्या करेगा। पुलिस महिलाओं को गिरफ़्तार करने जाए तो स्थानीय लोग विरोध कर रहे
हैं कि महिलाओं ने जो किया वो सही किया क्योंकि बच्चों की रक्षा के लिए यह ज़रूरी था। पुलिस अफ़सर के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे)

- Ethics- Vigilantism: General Bipin Rawat said on TV program “J&K locals are saying they will lynch the
terrorists, which is a very positive sign...If there is a terrorist operating in your area, why should you not
lynch him?” Separately National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) organised a debate along with the central
police forces that asked: “Are human rights a stumbling block in fighting evils like terrorism & Naxalism? 🤔
Counter arguments 1) We shouldn’t encourage vigilantism/mob justice. It is the job of police and security
forces to neutralise the terrorist/arrest him get convicted in court of law. 2) If vigilantism is allowed then
merely on WhatsApp fake news, face, religion, language- the mob could kill anyone. ( बिपिन रावत ने कहा कि जम्मू कश्मीर
के लोग बोल rhe है की वे आतंकवादियों का भीड़ द्वारा वध करेंगे- इसकी निंदा क्योंकि आतंकवादियों को भी मारना मिटाना सजा दिलवाना है पुलिस और सुरक्षा बलों का
काम /ज़िम्मेदारी है। यही ज़िम्मेदारी भीड़ को सौंपी जाए तो बेक़सूर भी मार दिया जाए एसा डर)

- Ethics: Sexual Violence: Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act. Section-7 interpretation:
Bombay High Court’s judgement insinuated that if “skin-to-skin” contact with the child” not done then it’s
not an offence under POCSO act. But SC has clarified that accused predator’s “sexual intent” needs to be
seen. “skin-to-skin” contact with the child not necessary. when a stick, steel rod etc is pressed onto a
person, even when clothed, their sense of touch is keen enough to feel it.” 🤔Points to Reflect: Accused and
Defense lawyers leaving no stone unturned to free to their client ki engaging in such pedantic debate in the
courtroom about “skin-to-skin” touch not done to it is not POSCO matter! ( बच्चों को यौन अपराध से बचाने के क़ानून में, आरोपी को
सजा देने के लिए चमड़ी से चमड़ी का स्पर्श अनिवार्य नहीं)
- Ethics: Case Study: in Surat, number of Textile/Diamond workers hail from Odisha. Some unknown persons
have distributed pamphlets written in Odia language demanding 1) workers must stop going to factories until
wages increased 2) keep worker does not go on strike we will chop off his body parts. Consequently the
scarred workers stopped going to factory resulting into business losses. As DCP (IPS) What will you do? 🤔
Points to Reflect: 1) Ensure police patrolling protection, CCTV to the workers in factory and in the
residential areas until culprits found. Why culprits not threatening to cut hands of the businessman but of
workers? Could it be a ploy of rival business groups!? 2) find the source of pamphlets. Any linkages of Maoist
groups? 3) Also request the labour commissioner to check into the situation of minimum wages in the
industry. 4) Ethical point- workers have legal right to strike, Gandhiji also organised A’bad mill worker strike
for ⬆️in the minimum wages and work conditions. But it was done in peaceful, non-violent manner. Here
threat made to cut hands/limps of workers if they go to work- Both criminal and unethical. ( सूरत के कपड़ा मिलों में
काम कर रहे उड़ीसा के मज़दूरों को किसी गुमनाम खत से धमकी दी गई है कि तुम सब लोग वेतन बढ़ोतरी के लिए हड़ताल पर जाओ और अगर हड़ताल पर नहीं गए तो हाथ पैर
काट देंगे। डरे हुए मज़दूर में नहीं जा रहे, करोड़ों का नुक़सान हो रहा है। इस पर पुलिस अफ़सर के रूप में क्या करेंगे)

- ethics: custodial death/ compassion for the jailed accused- 1,888 custodial deaths in 20 years, only 26
policemen convicted. 😥 deaths in 20 years is “not a big number for a country of India’s size and
population”. “But what is important is that policemen use third-degree methods, inflict injuries on a person
in custody. It’s a wrong practice. 😥 Policemen don’t investigate custodial death cases properly, they try to
defend their colleagues, which is definitely wrong. When a man has died in custody, the policeman
responsible should be held accountable and the police must ensure that he is duly punished. 😥 Policemen
need to be sensitised and educated, and told that they should rely on scientific methods of investigation and
a proper interrogation technique. 😥 Way forward: 113th report of the Law Commission had recommended
the insertion of Section 114 B in the Indian Evidence Act, which puts the burden of proof on the police to
explain any injury caused in custody. (पुलिस कस्टडी भी अपराधियों की मौत के काफ़ी सारे मामले लेकिन बहुत कम पुलिस वालों को इसमें सजा हुई है.
अपराध की जाँच पड़ताल के लिए वैज्ञानिक तरीक़ों के इस्तेमाल की जगह मारपीट और बल प्रयोग से जानकारी उगलवाने के चक्कर में अपराधी की भी मौत हो जाती है. क़ानून
आयोग के सुझाव दिया था कि भारतीय)
- Ethics: Delphi AI: RESEARCHERS At Allen Institute for AI (USA), unveiled new Artificial intelligence
technology designed to make moral judgments. They called it Delphi. Priestess Pythia (who is also known as
Oracle of Delphi) was consulted by the ancient Greeks. Anyone could visit the Delphi website and ask for an
ethical decree. 🤔Points to Reflect: 😍 1) creators of Delphi hope to build an ethical framework that could be
installed in any online service, robot or self-driven vehicle (e.g. should the self driven car allow itself to fall
in the lake so as to prevent collusion with the incoming bus that is having 50 school children?) 😥 2) Delphi is
known to give ambiguous guidance e.g. a] When user asked if he should kill one person to save an other,
Delphi said he shouldn’t. b] When he asked if it was right to kill one person to save 100 others, Delphi said he
should. c] Then he asked if he should kill one person to save 101 others. This time, Delphi said he should
not.Thus, then Delphi-AI is not having a clear moral compass. It’s still learning. 😥 3) Who gets to teach
ethics to the world’s machines? AI researchers? Product managers? Mark Zuckerberg? Trained philosophers
and psychologists? Government regulators? Delphi learned its moral compass by analysing more than 1.7
million ethical judgments by real live humans. After gathering millions of everyday scenarios from websites
and other sources, still sometimes it makes morally grey decisions. You can also ask her questions through
https://delphi.allenai.org/ (https://delphi.allenai.org/) (इस प्राचीन ग्रीस मे डेल्फ़ी मंदिर/इलाक़े की पूजारन/ भविष्यवक्ता से लोग अपने
प्रश्नों के समाधान के लिए जाते. अमरीकी संस्थान ने डेलफ़ी कृ त्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता बनायी है जो व्यक्तियों को नैतिक समस्याओं के फ़ै सले लेने में मदद करेगी। इस प्रकार की कृ त्रिम
बुद्धिमत्ता को वाहनों में, रोबोट में डालने से मदद हो सकती है। हालाँकि अभी भी ये सीख रही है तो कु छ बार अयोग्य जवाब देती हे। इस चिंता का यह भी विषय है कि इस डेल्फी
को नैतिकता के बारे में कौन सिखाएगा अगर मार्क ज़करबर्ग फ़े सबुक का डेटा साझा करके इसे सिखाएगा तो समस्या। )

- Ethics: Elopement- 13-year-old girl ran away with lover. Father and villagers captured and paraded her
after breaking her face and then forcibly married her to another man. As SP what will you do? 🤔Points to
Reflect: 🤔 1) Relocate the girl to Shelter-home because difficult to imagine a positive living experience in
this village with the family- atleast in the short term. 🤔 2) Arrest the father and mob leaders because
vigilantism is illegal and child marriage is also illegal. 🤔 3) Petroling near schools, pan-parlours to discourage
Kabir Singhs / human trafficking gangs from predating on minor girls. (13 साल की लड़की एक वयस्क पुरुष के साथ भाग गई उसके
बाद पिता और गाँव वालों ने पकड़ के बाल काट दिए, गाँव में जुलूस निकाला और किसी और पुरुष के साथ तुरंत उसकी शादी कर दी। पुलिस ऑफ़िसर के रूप में आप क्या
करेंगे?)

- Ethics: Police officer values.- 1) an officer is required to have faith in the Indian constitution and Indian
judiciary but former Mumbai Police commissioner Parambir Singh (IPS) who is accused and extortion racket,
has been absconding. SUPREME Court said it will not hear petitions filed by him until it knows his
whereabouts. Because IPS not appearing before court reflected his lack of confidence in the system. 2)
honesty and integrity: Mumbai Police commissioner goes absconding in extortion racket - shows the unholy
nexus of police politician Mafia. (एक पुलिस अफ़सर को भारत के संविधान पर क़ानून और न्यायपालिका पर भरोसा होना चाहिए लेकिन मुंबई पुलिस कमिश्नर
जो फिरोती के के स मेन भगोड़े घोषित किए गए हैं वे बिना अदालत हाज़िर हुए राहत माँग रहे हैं तो सुप्रीम कोर्ट नाराज़। कमिशनर रेंक का ओफिसर भगोड़ा घोषित किया जायँ वह
भ्रष्टाचार के बढ़ते स्तर के लिए चिंता का विषय है)

- Ethics: Policing Survey- IPF Smart Policing Index 2021 by independent thinktank Indian Police Foundation.
The five states with the highest score on overall policing —— are Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Assam, Kerala
and Sikkim. From bottom upwards are Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Punjab. The
national average of satisfaction with the police has been found to be at 69%. ( पुलिस के बारे में एक निजी संस्थान द्वारा सर्वेक्षण
इसमें उत्तर प्रदेश और बिहार की पुलिस के बारे में लोगों ने असंतोष जताया।)
- Ethics: Sexual Violence: Chemical castration is the use of drugs to reduce sexual activity of rapist. It is a
legal form of punishment in countries including South Korea, Poland, the Czech Republic and in some states
in the US. 2021-Pakistan Parliament passed a for chemical castration of those convicted of multiple rapes. ✋
Counter arguments: 1) Jamaat-i-Islami Senator protested against the Bill, and termed it unIslamic and
against Sharia. He said a rapist should be hanged publicly, but there was no mention of castration in Sharia.
2) Sexual perversion is psychological and not necessarily physical so even if the rapist (who is released from
jail after suppose 14 years)- go to still abuse the woman/child using steel rods etc. If there is threat of
death/castration then rapist may murder victim to avoid getting caught. ( बलात्कारी को रासायनिक दवाएँ देकर नपुंसक बना दिया
जाए ऐसा पाकिस्तान में क़ानून हुआ पास इस पर विरोध कि १) इस्लाम के अनुसार बलात्कारी को फाँसी लगा देनी चाहिए २) यदि फाँसी या नपुंसकता का डर हो तो आरोपी
बलात्कार के बाद पीड़ित की हत्या कर दी उसका जोखिम बढ़ जाता है ताकि वो पकड़ा न जाए और दूसरा यौन विकार दिमाग़ में होता है अंगो में नहि इसलिए बलात्कारी ko
शारीरिक रूप से नपुंसक करने के बाद भी वह स्टील के सरिए इत्यादि वस्तुएँ द्वारा भी महिला और बालकों का उत्पीड़न कर सकता है)

- Ethics: sexual violence: Pakistan has removed a clause from a new criminal law that had allowed chemical
castration as a possible punishment for serial rapists, after the Islamic Ideology Council, a state-run body
that interprets laws from an Islamic perspective, found chemical castration un-Islamic. ( रासायनिक दवाओं से बलात्कारी
को नपुंसक कर दिया जाए ऐसे क़ानून को पाकिस्तान की सरकार ने कल पास किया था आज रद्द किया क्योंकि उनकी इस्लामिक परिषद के हिसाब से ये इस्लामिक सिद्धांतों के
ख़िलाफ़ है)

- Ethics: Sexual Violence: Standup Comedian Vir Das said in American show- (that) ‘in India, we worship
women in the day and rape them at night’. Social media protests 1) making generalised statements about
the entire country based on some criminals. USA China too have poor record in protection of minorities and
women. 2) Previously Ex-IAS Shah Faesal tweet similar controversy when he wrote Patriarchy, Population,
Illiteracy, Alcohol, Porn, Technology, Anarchy equal Rapistan! (Later on he resigned, protested atrocities
against Muslims in Modi-raj then after Abolishing of 370 praised Modi’s Mann ki Baat & vaccination drive) 🤔
Points to Reflect: depending on the audience and atmosphere ( भारत में सुबह में महिलाओं की पूजा और रात में सामूहिक बलात्कार होता
हे ऐसी अमेरिका में की गई टिप्पणी के चलते व्यंगकर वीर दास का सोशल मीडिया ने विरोध। इससे पहले भूतपूर्व IAS शाह फे जल भी एसी विवादित टिप्पणी कर चुके थे। 🤔
अमेरिका और चीन में स्वयं में महिला सुरक्षा और अल्पसंख्यक सुरक्षा ज़ोरदार नहि हे, जो वहाँ जाकर भारत की खामियों का प्रसार किया जाए )

- Ethics: Wrong to presume polio/physically handicapped persons are unable to achieve greatness in life e.g.
1) Franklin D. Roosevelt- American president who led the country during WW2. Had Polio-like symptoms 2)
FRIDA KAHLO, MEXICAN PAINTER had polio. Her 1949 oil painting Diego auctioned for $34.9 million. ( पोलियो से
पीड़ित लोगों ने भी महानता हंसिल की हे)

- EthicsSports: AUSTRALIAN TEST captain Tim Paine resigned after newspaper leaked story on about Paine’s
2017 sex-text messaging to a female co-worker. Public is angry with the Australian cricket board for the
sweeping this under carpet for so many years. 🤔Points to Reflect: Previously Aussie cricket board had done
same thing with regarding accusations of match fixing and sexual-harassment by star players. Because
cricket board focuses on the income from the tournament rather than ethics. As a result Captain could be
feeling so bold to harass women. (2017 में ऑस्ट्रेलिया क्रिके ट कप्तान ने महिला सहकर्मी को अभद्र संदेश भेजकर परेशान कर रहा था हालाँकि क्रिके ट बोर्ड
द्वारा इस मामले की लीपापोती की गई लेकिन 2021 में जब एक अख़बार ने ये सब चीज़ों का पर्दाफ़ाश किया तो क्रिके टर कप्तान ने पद से इस्तीफ़ा। हालाँकि इससे पहले भी
ऑस्ट् रेलियाई खिलाड़ियों के ख़िलाफ़ मैच फिक्सिंग और महिला यौन उत्पीड़न के आरोप लगे थे तब भी क्रिकेट बोर्ड ने क्रिकेट टू र्नामेंट से पैसा
कमाने के लालच में इन सब चीज़ों पर लीपापोती की थी इसलिए उनके खिलाड़ियों के हौसले बुलंद हो रहे हैं)
- Ethics: Racism- Ex-England Cricketer AZEEM RAFIQ complained about racism in Yorkshire cricket club, how
he was labelled as “elephant washer”, “Kafir” etc. by teammates. Then critics dugout his 10-year old
twitter/FB post where is Rafiq had also made antisemitic (Anti-Jew) messages! Rafiq defends "I was 19 at the
time and I hope and believe I am a different person to- day. I am incredibly angry at myself and I apologize
to the Jewish community and everyone who is rightly offended by this.”. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) those who’re
claiming victimhood at present, also need to introspect whether they had been acting as a villain. U can’t
expect others to be good to you when you’ve been bad to others. 2) social Media whatever you said remains
forever in some digital archives. And can be dug out by critics and enemies at a convenient time. 3) British
cricketer Ollii Robinson was also dropped out of the cricket team because of racist-sexist tweets he made 10
years ago. Will similar punishment be metted to Rafiq? (although he is an ex-cricketer, so cannot be dropped
from the team.) (पाकिस्तानी मूल के ब्रिटिश क्रिके टर अज़ीम रफीक़ वंशीय भेदभाव की शिकायतें कर रहा था तो कु छ आलोचकों ने उसी के 10 साल पहले के सोशल
मीडिया बयान निकाले जहाँ वो ख़ुद भी यहूदियों के ख़िलाफ़ वंशीय टिप्पणियाँ कर रहा था। ये यानी की जो ख़ुद को पीड़ित बताते हैं उन्होंने भी भूतकाल में अपने आचरण के बारे में
सोचना चाहिए। जब आप स्वयं ही दूसरों के प्रति बुरा बर्ताव करते हैं तो क्यों अपेक्षा रखते हैं कि अन्य लोग आपसे इज़्ज़त से पेश आए?)

- GPSC: Gujarat government's ScHeme Of Developing High Quality Research (SHODH) scheme for research
scholars where financial assistance of Rs 4 lakh for two years will be provided. 2021- organic natural farming
related research also eligible.

- History: Dimasas (or Dimasa-Kacharis) are the earliest known rulers and settlers of Assam. Prior to Ahom
rule, the Dimasa kings — believed to be descendants of the rulers of the ancient Kamarupa kingdom — ruled
large parts of Assam along the south bank of the Brahmaputra between the 13th and 16th cen- turies. Their
earliest historically known capital was Dimapur (now in Nagaland), and later Maibang in North Cachar Hills.
The demand for statehood began in the 1960, and later took a violent turn. 2021: insurgent outfit Dimasa
National Liberation Army (DNLA) laid down arms in Assam

- History-PIN: NAME of Bhopal’s Habibganj railway station has been changed to Rani Kamlapati station. She
was the widow of Nizam Shah, whose Gond dynasty ruled the then Ginnorgarh, 55 km from Bhopal, in the
18th century. Nizam Shah built the famous seven-storeyed Kamlapati Palace in Bhopal. Kamlapati committed
suicide by drowning herself in the Bhopal lake in 1723. The Gond are one of the largest tribal communities in
India spread across MP, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar and Odisha ( भोपाल के
हबीबगंज रेलवे स्टेशन का नाम बदल के हुआ रानी कमलापति स्टेशन)

- GSM3/ Internal security/Money laundering: Madhya Pradesh Drug peddlers use Amazon to transport
marijuana. 🤔Points to Reflect: money-laundering means you disguise the illegal income by showing it to
have earned from Legal sources. Amazon= Seller’s income earned from Amazon will not alert the income tax
authority because transactions pe automatically TDS, GST etc. 😥 But in reality the seller would send
shipment of narco drugs in the name of computer monitor, CPU cabinet etc. to the buyer. अपराधी एमेंज़ोन द्वारा नशीली
पदार्थों की बिक्री कर रहे हैं और धन शोधन कर रहे
- GSM3/Internal security: insurgent groups in Manipur: PEOPLE’S Liberation Army (PLA), Manipur Naga
People’s Front, UNLF, KCP, KYKL, PREPAK, etc. All the groups operate out of Myanmar and raise funds
largely through extortion, narco trade. Their activity, however, has dwindled over the years, with
recruitment having stalled, and the groups facing pressure inside Myanmar. 2021-Nov: ambush of an Assam
Rifles convoy in Manipur’s Churachandpur district (bordering Myanmar). Colonel & family also killed in IED
blast. For the previous years this insurgent groups have been underground but now suddenly attacked high-
ranking officer. Perhaps trying to flex the muscles to arrange funding from China/Pak. 2) ⬆️extortion
business by fear mongering. (मणिपुर में उग्रवादियों ने घात लगाकर हमला किया। असम राइफ़ल के कर्नल और परिवार शहीद। पिछले कु छ वर्षों में ये उग्रवादी थोड़े
सुषुप्त थे और उनका प्रभाव भी इलाक़े में कम हो रहा था, लेकिन ऐसे बड़े हमारे द्वारा वे वापस डर और उगाही का धंधा पुनर्जीवित करना चाहते हैं।)

- IR/Defense: BRITAIN taxi explosion outside a hospital in Liverpool on Sunday was a terrorist incident. Govt
RAISED its national threat level to “severe”, meaning an attack is seen as highly likely. 🤔Points to Reflect:
too much pampering and sheltering of the anti-India groups in Britain (for local vote bank politics) is turning
Britain into a hotspot for terrorism. (ब्रिटेन आतंकवाद के बढ़ते मामले क्योंकि भारत विरोधी तत्वों को स्थानीय वोट बैंक के लिए उनके नेता गोद मे बिठाकर
तुष्टीकरण कर रहे थे, तो अब वे कट्टर समूह ज़्यादा शक्तिशाली बन गए)

- Defense: India received delivery of Russian S-400 Triumf air defence system to India. 😍 has the capability
to protect against almost all sorts of aerial attacks, including drones, missiles, rockets and even fighter
jets. 😍 The system comes equipped with four types of missiles: short- range up to 40 km; to very-long range
up to 400 km 😍 S-400 detects an aerial threat approaching the air defence bubble (the area it has to
protect), calculates the trajectory of the threat, and fires missiles to counter it. 🤔American equivalent
product: American MIM-104 Patriot system. 😥 China already bought ussian S-400 Triumf air defence system
& used it in eastern Ladakh, standoff in 2020. 😥 US wants India to wean off its traditional reliance on
Russian defence systems. Threat of Sanctions under Countering America’s Adversaries through Sanctions Act
(CAATSA-2017)- if a country buys defense equipments/deals with American adversaries Iran, Russia and North
Korea then USA will punish such countries. But India’s stand: “India and the US have a comprehensive global
strategic partnership. India has always pursued an independent foreign policy. This also applies to our
defence acquisitions and supplies which are guided by our national security interests.” ( रुस से भारत ने ख़रीदा S-४००
वायु सुरक्षा प्रणाली। जोखिम 400 किलोमीटर तक की सीमा में ड्रोन मिसाइल लड़ाकू विमानों को गिरा सकता है। वैसे चीन के पास भी यही प्रणाली है जो उसने पूर्वी लद्दाख में
लगायी हुई। हालाँकि इसमें अमेरिका को मज़ा नहीं आ रहा और उसके CAATSA क़ानून के तहत भारत पर आर्थिक पाबंदियों का रखें लेकिन भारत सरकार का मानना कहेंना हे
की हालाँकि अमेरिका भारत का अच्छा मित्र और वैश्विक भागीदार है लेकिन हम अपनी विदेश नीति स्वतंत्र तरीक़े से राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के लिए बनाते हैं। )

- IR: EXTERNAL AFFAIRS Minister S Jaishankar said India and China are going through a "particularly bad
patch" in their ties because China has taken a set of actions in violation of Border agreements for which it
still doesn't have a "credible explanation" (For Pangong lake, Eastern Ladakh border standoff ) and it is for
the Chinese leadership to answer where they want to take the bilateral relationship. ( भारत के विदेश मंत्री का कहना है कि
भारत और चीन के रिश्ते एक ख़राब समय से गुज़र रहे हैं क्योंकि चीन द्वारा सीमा पर समस्यायें खड़ी की जा रही है और चीनी नेताओं ने अब तय करना है कि वे भारत के साथ
कै से रिश्ते रखना चाहते हैं)

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ a rare admission of problems between the party and the military, the CPC resolution said that
“for a period of time, the Party's leadership over the military was obviously lacking. If this problem had not
been completely solved, it would not only have diminished the military's combat capacity, but also
undermined the key political principle that the Party commands the gun. ✋ ispe PHD not required unless
political science is your optional subject. (चीन के साम्यवादी पक्ष ने कहा कि कु छ समय तक उनके पक्ष ने कहा सेना पर प्रत्यक्ष नेतृत्व नहि था।)
- IR/Defense: Ex-Navy Officer Kulbhushan Jadhav abducted by Pakistan & given death sentence over spying
and terror charges. But, 2019: International Court of Justice (ICJ, Haque, Netherlands) ruled that Pakistan
was obliged under international laws to provide by means of its own choosing “effective review and
reconsideration” of Jadhav's conviction. 2021: Pak Parliament passed a bill so Jadhav can file a review
petition at municipal courts in Pakistan. India not satisfied because this does not provide effective review
and reconsideration of Jadhav’s case. (पाकिस्तान द्वारा अपहरण किए गए भारतीय नेवी अफ़सर कु लभूषण जाधव अपनी मृत्युदंड की ख़िलाफ़ याचिका दायर
कर सकें म्यूनिसिपल अदालत ने ऐसा क़ानून पाकिस्तान ने पास किया है। लेकिन भारत सरकार नाराज़ है कि इस प्रकार की लिपापोति से अंतरराष्ट्रीय न्यायिक अदालत के फ़ै सले का
जमींनी स्तर पर अमल नहीं हो पाएगा। )

- Sydney Dialogue is a world summit conducted by Australian Strategic Policy Institute for emerging, critical
and cyber technologies. PM Modi attended virtually- said Cryptocurrency must not end up in wrong hands
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ C. Rajamohan- Doing business with Turkey. (already in the past we learned about this same
ideas are getting repeated. (ज़्यादातर तो पुरानी बातों का पुनरावर्तन)

- IR: Ex-NSA Shivshankar Menon criticises that 1) Modi’s claim for permanent UNSC seat is populist. Why do
you want to sit on the UN Security Council. Is it a beauty contest where other people have to vote for you? I
do not see how it helps. Is it going to feed people? Is it going to help in people’s welfare?... I do not see this
as a big goal we should be seeking. But it is a populist goal.” 2) PM/Presidents in Japan, China, India,
Turkey, Russia, all the way up to (Donald) Trump using nativism, nationalism, used personality cults to win
elections but its harming Economy. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) ye Logic ke XYZ thing is not helping the poor
people to get food then India should stop its UNSC permanent seat lobbying, stop all the Moon-Mars space
missions by ISRO, stop purchase of S400 air defense system,India should not develop military museums,
Vaccine Maitry, helping poor nations etc. Always there will be poor and hungry people that does not mean a
nation state can stop pursuing its diplomatic/strategic agendas. 2) Are former officer turned authors
releasing controversial remarks during book launch to ⬆️sales? (भूतपूर्व राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा सलाहकार शिवशंकर मेनन ने आलोचना की है कि मोदी
सरकार जो संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघ की सुरक्षा परिषद में स्थायी सदस्यता की माँग कर रही है वो सिर्फ़ लोक लुभावन के लिए चुनावी भाषणो का मुद्दा बनाया जा रहा है, जबकि इससे गरीब
के पेट मे भोजन नहीं जाने वाला। तो इस तर्क पर तो सभी देशों ने अपने अंतरिक्ष संशोधन मिसाइल निर्माण इत्यादि का काम रोक देना चाहिए- जो की अतार्कि क हे, क्योंकि हमेशा
कोई न कोई तो गरीब रहेगा ही!)

- IR: THE UNITED Nations human right commission has asked China to give proof of the whereabouts of
Chinese tennis star Peng Shuai, missing since she made sexual assault allegations against a former vice-
premier. 🤔Points to Reflect: does human right commission have such power against a permanent member?
Maybe we will wait for an explained series. (चीनी टेनिस महिला खिलाड़ी जिसने कि वाइस प्रीमियर के ख़िलाफ़ बलात्कार का आरोप लगाया था वो
काफ़ी समय से ग़ायब हैं इसलिए संयुक्त राष्ट्र मानव अधिकार आयोग ने चीनी सरकार से जवाब माँगा है कि लापता लड़की के बारे में हमें सुबूत दीजिए।)

- Diplomacy: US PRESIDENT Joe Biden video call Xi. They discussed North Korea, Afghanistan, Iran, global
energy markets, trade and competition, climate, military issues, the pandemic and other areas where they
frequently disagree. China’s President said “Since the founding of the People’s Republic, China has never
started a single war or conflict, and has never taken one inch of land from other countries” अमेरिका और चीन के
राष्ट्रपतियों की भी ऑनलाइन मंत्रणा।
- Appointment: SC collegium recommended appointment of Saurabh Kirpal as Delhi HC judge. If/When
appointed, he’ll be India’s first openly gay judge. (भारत के सर्वप्रथम समलैंगिक न्यायाधीश)
- Sports: Ganguly appointed as ICC Cricket's Committee chairman replacing Anil Kumble,
- Awards: International Film Festival of India 2021, Goa. Indian Film Personality of the Year award to 1)
ACTOR AND BJP leader Hema Malini, 2) lyricist and former CBFC chief Prasoon Joshi
- Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development 2021 to be given to Pratham, the NGO
working to expand the scope for education in India, & associated with conducting ASER survey.

- Janjatiya Gaurav Divas- celebrated on 15th Nov, the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Birsa Munda. Born on
November 15, 1875, in Ulihatu village in present-day Jharkhand. During the 1880s, Birsa closely witnessed
the Sardari Larai movement in the region, which demanded the restoration of tribal rights through non-
violent methods like sending petitions to the Raj. However, the oppressive colonial regime paid no heed to
these demands. The feudal setup intensified the forced labour (veth bigari) in the forested tribal areas. he
was captured by British police and lodged in jail, where he died in captivity on June 9, 1900. But Bhagwan
Birsa Munda’s spirited struggle did not go in vain. It compelled the British to take cognisance of the plight
and exploitation of tribals, and bring in the Chhota Nagpur Tenancy Act of 1908 for their protection. This Act
restricted the transfer of tribal land to non-tribals, giving Adivasis a huge relief and became a landmark
legislation for the protection of tribal rights. भगवान बिरसा मुंडा के जन्मदिवस को जनजातीय गौरव दिवस के रूप में मनाया जा रहा है। अपने युवा
वर्षों में उन्हें देखा कि सरदारी लड़ाई नामक एक मुहिम में अहिंसा द्वारा एक ब्रिटिश हुकू मत को ये मनाने की कोशिश हो रही थी की आदिवासी जमीन अधिकारों की रक्षा हो,
साहूकारों का शोषण बंद हो लेकिन कोई नतीजा न निकलने पर क्रांतिकारी रवैया अपनाना पड़ा।

- Death: Hindi novelist, professor, Mannu Bhandari from Madhya Pradesh. She was Associated with the ‘Nayi
Kahaani’ movement that dominated Hindi literature in a newly independent India, Mannu Bhandari's novels,
Aapka Bunty, Mahabhoj and stories such as Ek Plate Sailab, Teen Nigahon Ki Ek Tasvir, Trishanku, and
Aankhon Dekha Jhooth, spoke about middle class and individualism. Some of her books were made into
movies- Rajnigandha (1974) and Swami (1977) were based. Her father Sukhsampat Rai was a freedom fighter
who put together one of the first English to Hindi and English to Marathi dictionaries. हिन्दी उपन्यासकार का निधन के
- Death: NOVY KAPADIA- Football Journalist, author, commentator
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Who is Kishanda, veteran Maoist ideologue arrested in Jharkhand.

- Places in News: 10 Tribal Musueums at Ranchi in Jharkhand, Rajpipla in Gujarat, Lambasingi in Andhra
Pradesh, Raipur in Chhattisgarh, Kozhikode in Kerala, Chhindwara in Madhya Pradesh, Hyderabad in
Telangana, Tamenglong in Manipur, Kelsih in Mizoram, and Ponda in Goa, भारत में 10 जगहों पर आदिवासी संग्रहालय
- Places in News: DEFENCE MINISTER Rajnath Singh inaugurated the renovated Rezang La memorial in
Chushul, Leh to commemorate the anniversary of the battle of Rezang La during 1962

- Kartarpur corridor 2019: to facilitate pilgrims from India to visit Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur, in
Pakistan. Indian pilgrims of all faiths and persons of Indian origin can use the corridor; The travel will be Visa
Free. But it was stopped in Corona. Now it will be resumed.
- social media: Showreel: Hotmail founder’s SABEER BHATIA new social video app, to create more natural
video resumes for job applications.
- Sports: T20 World Cup at UAE won by Aussies against NZ.

- Sports: Australian Open will become the first Grand Slam tournament to require mandatory COVID-19
vaccines for the players. Djokovic not yet vaccinated. ऑस्ट् रेलियन ओपन टे निस प्रतियोगिता में हिस्सा लेने के लिए खिलाड़ियों
ने अनिवार्य रूप से कोरोना टिका लगवाना होगा। यह ऐसी पहली टेनिस प्रतियोगिता है जहाँ पर टिका अनिवार्य है।

- Polity: Election-Referendum. SWITZERLAND legalised same-sex couples after Swiss voters expressed in a
referendum. Previously Referendums 1) BREXIT 2) CATALONIA-Spain. (स्विट्ज़रलैंड में जनमत संग्रह द्वारा समलैंगिक विवाह को मंज़ूरी)
- Polity: comparing constitutions: Executive-US PRESIDENT Joe Biden will undergoes a “routine colonoscopy”
surgery. So, he’ll briefly transfer power to Vice President Kamala Harris . Harris, the first woman, person of
colour and person of Indian descent will be serving as acting president of USA. 🤔Points to Reflect: did
similar thing happened In Indian polity? Search Laxmikanth! (अमरीकी राष्ट्रपति जो बिडेन की मेडिकल सर्जरी के दौरान उपराष्ट्रपति कमला
हैरिस कार्यकारी राष्ट्रपति की भूमिका निभाएंगी)

- Polity: Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) Act and The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) Act have
been amended. BEFORE: Directors of CBI and enforcement directorate had a term limit of two years. AFTER:
2 years ki 2 terms + 1 year extra may be given = upto 5 years. 😥1) opposition parties are going by
government has enacted in ordinance when Parliament is soon to convene. 2) longer tenure for “Yes-man”
type of directors… who may be used by ruling party against opposition leaders. अध्यादेश द्वारा CBI और प्रवर्तन निदेशालय के
डायरेक्टर-का कार्यकाल पाँच साल तक बढ़ाया गया.

- Federalism / Border Management: WEST Bengal Assembly on passed a resolution opposing the decision of
the Home Ministry to expand the jurisdiction of the BSF on the IndiaBangladesh border from 15 km to 50 km.
Further, MLA Udayan Guha alleged that “BSF personnel, in the name of checking, used to search private
parts in front of their children. You cannot expect that those children will chant ‘Bharat Mata Ki Jai’ or they
will be patriotic.” However, BSF defended, “The BSF is a professional force that has always performed the
mandated duties by adhering to the rules and regulations. BSF Mahila Praharis are the ones who do frisking
of women.” The MLA's allegations are utterly baseless. (पश्चिम बंगाल राज्य विधानसभा में प्रस्ताव पारित किया है कें द्र सरकार के इस फ़ै सले के
ख़िलाफ़, की जिसमें सीमा सुरक्षा बल का क् अधिकार क्षेत्र भारत बांग्लादेश सीमा ने 15 किलोमीटर से बढ़ाकर 50 किलोमीटर किया गया है।)

- Federalism: CENTRE planning for creating the National Interlinking of Rivers Authority (NIRA), an
independent autonomous body for planning, investigation, financing and the implementation of the river
interlinking projects in the country. It is to be headed by a Government of India Secretaryrank officer, will
replace the existing National Water Development Agency (NWDA) and will function as an umbrella body for
all river linking projects. (नदियों को एक दूसरे के साथ जोड़ने के लिए राष्ट्रीय प्राधिकरण बनाने के लिए सरकार सोच रही है)

- Federalism: SOUTHERN ZONAL COUNCIL meeting of the Council, comprising Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu,
Karnataka, Kerala, Telangana, Puducherry, Lakshadweep, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Headed by
Home Ministry.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Detention curtailment of liberty, says Tripura judge; journalists get bail ( राजद्रोह के मामले में सुप्रीम कोर्ट के
फै सलों का पहले से हम काफ़ी माल बटोर हो चुके हैं)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ SC must intervene, says petitioner behind reforms in selection of CBI chief. वह तो पहले सुप्रीम कोर्ट को
बोलने दो

- Polity: legalisation of Sports Betting. International Cricket Council’s (ICC) Anti-Corruption Unit (ACU) says
India is hotspot for fixing because of an illegal cricket batting so it should be legalised. Incidentally, in 2018,
the Law Commission of India had recommended legalising sports betting with proper regulation e.g. Poor
person should not be allowed to bet. 2) already in the name of fantasy cricket Apps lot of unregulated
betting is happening. Government is losing tax revenue. 😥Counter: 1) Tax revenue ke liye narco and
prostitution bhi legalise krdo! Will Gandhiji approve? 2) even if poor person not allowed to directly bet they
may routed through a middleman like Ponzi scheme, and loose lifetime savings. 3) even in the countries
were batting is legalised, there are fixing in tennis and football matches. ( क्रिके ट मैच पर सट्टा लगाने को क़ानूनन वेध्यता दी जाए
तो मैच फिक्सिंग का दूषण कम हो सकता है ऐसी चर्चा।)
- Polity: Legislature- How to Repeal a law? 1) SC can do it, if it is violating the fundamental right. 2)
Parliament can connect along with built-in deadline/sunset clause e.g. For example, the Terrorist and
Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act 1987, commonly known as TADA, had a sunset clause, and was allowed
to lapse in 1995. 3) Article 245 of the Constitution gives Parliament the power to make laws. So, Parliament
draws its power to repeal a law from the same provision. 4) executive can repeal thru ordinance. If an
ordinance is used, it would need to be replaced by a law passed by Parliament within six months. If the
ordinance lapses because it is not approved by Parliament, the repealed law can be revived. किसी क़ानून को निरस्त
रद्द करने के विभिन्न तरीक़े : सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ऐसा कर सकता है यदि मौलिक अधिकारों का हनन हो रहा हो। क़ानून में ख़ुद ही एक अंतिम तिथि डाली गयी हूँ उसके बाद वो क़ानून
समाप्त हो जाए जैसे टाडा क़ानून में हुआ था। संसद ख़ुद भी क़ानून रद्द कर सकती है। सरकार भी अध्यादेश द्वारा क़ानून को रद्द करवा सकता है हालाँकि बाद में छह महीनों के भीतर
ही संसद में वो निर्णय को पास करवाना होगा वरना मरा हुआ क़ानून वापस जीवित हो जाएगा।

- Polity: Legislature- “One Nation One Legislative Platform’ - PM Modi proposed this online platform where
MP/MLA’s current and old debates PDF files, bills-laws, committee reports etc other resources at one web
portal by 2022. 😍 MP/MLA can easily search it for getting a reference material for future debate 😍
Reference material for researchers, PhD scholars, historian etc. This announcement was made at All India
Presiding Officers’ Conference (AIPOC) on its centenary year at an event held in Shimla. ( एक राष्ट्र एक विधायिका मंच-
जहाँ पर सांसद विधायकों की पुरानी भाषण, क़ानून, विधेयक, संसदीय समितियों की रिपोर्ट इत्यादि एक ही जगह पर मिल जाए ताकि भविष्य की चर्चा हुई है सांसद इतिहासकार
इत्यादि में उनका संदर्भ ले सके ।)

- Polity: Pressure groups- NSA Ajit Doval’s arguments that civil society as new frontier of warfare because
the enemy states cannot afford conventional war. E.g. Farmer protests, CAA protests. 🤔 Counter arguments
1) this undermines constitutional idea of citizenship. 2) Wrong to argue that the only legitimacy in
democracy is vested in the elected government and the laws it passes. (शत्रु राष्ट्र सिविल सोसायटी द्वारा युद्ध खेल रहे हैं ऐसे अजीत
डोवाल की बयान पर आलोचना वाले कोलम की सरकार के ख़िलाफ़ कोई लिखे/बोले तो वह राजद्रोही है ऐसा मानना ग़लत)

- Corona: THE FIRST known Covid-19 case was a market vendor in the Chinese city of Wuhan, not an
accountant who worked in lab. Says WHO study. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 virus had probably been transmitted from
bats to humans through another animal. It was not a ‘lab made virus’. Aisa WHO bol rhaa hai. Separately
Austria to reimpose full lockdown and compulsory vaccination for entire population because of Corona wave
4.0. Germany also getting strict.

- Corona: Medicines Patent Pool, a non-profit backed by the United Nations. Pfizer gave royalty-free licence
for the Paxlovid pill. It helps patients who’ve not yet taken vaccine. Deal will allow manufacturers to take
out a sub-licence. They will receive Pfizer’s formula for the drug and mfg and sell it mostly in Africa and
Asia, फाइजर कं पनी की कोरोना दवाई का तीसरे विश्व के उत्पादक बिना रोयलटी भुगतान किए उत्पादन कर पाएँगे।

- Sci-Space: quasi-satellite — a near Earth object that orbits the Sun and yet remains close to the Earth.
2006: scientist found such quasi-satellite, named it Kamo’oalewa (a Hawaiian word). Origin of this quasi
Satellite? 1) was a part of the Earth’s Moon,that could have broken away 2) it originated from a yet
undiscovered quasi-stable population of Earth’s Trojan asteroids (Trojans are a group of asteroids that share
an orbit with a larger planet.

- 1a1: Bitcoin- hacker Sriki hacked 3 Bitcoin exchanges and 10 poker websites. Bangalore police arrested him
and ordered him to transfer the nine crore rupees worth of bitcoin to police department bitcoin wallet
account. But Arrested Hacker made police fool by doing some computer trick/gimmick, so the bitcoin were
not actually transferred to police but to some other account. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) Police protocol on
seizure of bitcoins need to developed 2) cold wallets (not connected with internet) need to be used for
police seizure. (बिटकॉइन की फ़र्ज़ीवाडो का कोई अंत नहीं)
- Money- Bitcoin: RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das says cryptocurrencies investment Apps (Like CoinDCX,
CoinSWITCH Kuber) etc startups are exaggerating the numbers by claiming “Crores of Indians have invested
over Rs 600,000 crore in Bitcoins and crypto assets. Because Most investors between Rs 1,000 to Rs 3,000.
Private crypto currencies pose a threat to financial stability of India. + problems of bitcoin usage in narco
trade terror financing, tax evasion 2) separately, Shiv Sena MP filed complaint against such ads in T20 World
Cup containing filmstars. (RBI गवर्नर शक्तिकांत दास का कहना है कि ये जो बिटकॉइन इन्वेस्टमेंट वाले विज्ञापनों में हवाबाज़ी कर रहे हैं कि भारत का छे लाख
करोड़ से ज़्यादा रुपया bitcoin मे निवेश है वो ग़लत हवाबाज़ी हे, बिटकोईंन जेसी निजी मुद्राऑ से भारतीय अर्थतंत्र को जोखिम है। इसके अलावा शिवसेना सांसद ने भी फ़िल्म
स्टारों की इस प्रकार की बहकाने वाले विज्ञापनों पर शिकायत की है)
- RBI to hold its first-ever hackathon, HARBINGER 2021, on digital payments system

- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: Standard loan account= principal and interest is paid on timely basis by borrower. 😥
non-performing assets (NPAs) = Standard Loan Account’s principal or interest overdue for more than 90 days
from due the date. THE RESERVE Bank of India (RBI) has directed banks that loan accounts classified as
should be upgraded as ‘standard’ asset only if entire arrears of interest and principal are paid by the
borrower. (अनर्जक परिसंपत्ति- मतलब कि बकाया तारीख़ से भी 90 दिन से ज़्यादा बीत गए हैं और कर्जदार ने किश्तें नहीं चुकाई है। ऐसे ही लोन खाते को आदर्श लोन
खाता तभी कह सकते हैं जब कर्ज़दार वापस से सारा बकाया पैसा चुकाए)

- EcoPill1C: RBI Retail Direct Scheme to allow retail investors to directly purchase government securities 😍1)
deepening of the capital market 😍2) resource mobilisation for the government. Already covered in Mrunal's
Free Win21 Lecture Series available at mrunal.org/download (आम निवेशक रिज़र्व बैंक में खाता खोलकर सीधा ही सरकारी प्रतिभूतियों में
निवेश कर सके । इससे पूंजी बाज़ार की जड़ें गहरी होगी और सरकार के लिए कर्ज़ का पैसा बटोराना थोड़ा आसान होगा)

- SEBI T+1 Cycle: settlement cycle represents the time period within which the stock exchanges have to
settle security transactions. T+1 means settlements will have to be cleared within one day of the actual
transactions taking place. Benefits? ⏬volatility, speculation, faster release of shares/funds. Until now we
had T+2 days but from 2022-Feb: T+1 started in a phased manner. Foreign investors unhappy due to
Timezone difference creating operational challenges for them.

- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: Kerala State government had set up a Kerala Social Security Pension Limited to
borrow money from market & pay it as pension to the poor families. COMPTROLLER and Auditor General
(CAG) of India criticised Kerala government’s practice of using such offbudget borrowings. / extra budgetary
resources to pay social security pension because 1) debt trap 2) non-transparency 3) Financial jugglery to
undermine FRBM Act (के रल सरकार के बजेटेतर संसाधनों पर CAG की नाराज़गी। क्योंकि उसे वित्तीय अनुशासन कम होता है, सरकार के क़र्ज़े के विष चक्र में फँ स
जाने का डर बढ़ता है, विधानसभा में पारदर्शिता कम होती है)

- EcoPill2-Budget Taxation: public finance management challenges: 1) 😥 (union+states) tax-to-GDP=16-17% is


very low.Doesn’t permit latitude for raised public outlays. Need for “deep rationalisation” of Central
sponsored schemes. 😥 2) Fiscal federalism ke challenges: Central government should bring cesses
/surcharges within the divisible pool of taxation. But presently this issue not in the domain of the Finance
Commission, because Parliament will have to amend Article 269, Article 270, among others, to make cesses
and surcharges a part of the divisible pool. (सार्वजनिक वित् प्रबंधन में समस्याएं- १) सरकारी योजनाओं का वाहन कर सके इतनी कराधान में आमदनी
नहीं है इसलिए कें द्र द्वारा प्रायोजित योजनाओं में कटौती /विवेकीकरन की ज़रूरत है २) कें द्र द्वारा उपकर और अधिभार की रक़म राज्यों के साथ साझा नहीं की जाती है क्योंकि
यह मामला वित् आयोग के अधिकार क्षेत्र से बाहर है इसलिए संसद द्वारा संविधान की उन प्रावधानों को बदलना ज़रूरी)
- 4A: Agri- Rahibai Popere, popularly known as Seedmother, from Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. Given Padma
Shri for saving hundreds of landraces (wild varieties of commonly grown crops) at the village level. Landraces
refer to naturally occurring variants of commonly cultivated crops. Hybrid crops are created by scientists
artificially whereas Landraces evolve naturally with climate resilient traits to survive. They also may contain
better quality of nutrients. (फसलों में संकर प्रजातियों के चलते पारंपरिक प्रजातियाँ नष्ट हो रही है लेकिन महाराष्ट्र कि रहिबाइ ने पारंपरिक प्रजातियों का समर्थन
किया उसके लिए पद्मश्री)

- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: US inflation & impact on India. USA inflation At 6.2% (highest in 30 years), 😥1)
imported goods and services from America will become expensive for India 2) US Feds ⬆️repo to combat
inflation-> FII pullout money from India to give it as loans in American market → Indian share market ⬇️3) FII
pullout money → Rupee weakens →⬆️petrol diesel prices →⬆️inflation → RBI forced to ⬆️repo = expensive
loans will harm Indian economic recovery after Corona (अमरीका में महँगाई मुद्रास्फीति पिछले 30 वर्षों में सबसे ज़्यादा अधिक पाई गई है इससे
भारत को क्या नुक़सान होंगे 😥 महँगा आयात 😥 अमेरिकी कें द्रीय बैंक अमरीका में लोन महंगे करवाएगा महँगाई से लड़ने के लिए लेकिन फिर 😥 विदेशी निवेशक भारतीय शेयर
बाज़ार से पैसा उठाकर भाग जाएंगे ताकि वे अमरीका में उस पैसे को लोन के रूप में घूमा सके , → जिसके चलते भारतीय शेयर बाज़ार में गिरावट। 😥 रुपये का कमज़ोर होना,
ईंधन महँगा होना और रिज़र्व बैंक द्वारा महँगाई से लड़ने के लिए लोन महँगाई करवाना)

- EcoPil5-INFRA-Communication: Starlink is a satellite-based global internet system of Elon Musk’s SpaceX


company. A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, carrying 53 Starlink satellites, was launched off from Cape Canaveral,
Florida.
- Transport: e-GCA online platform of Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) for pilot licensing etc.

- Logistics Ease Across Different States (LEADS) report by Commerce Ministry: Guj#1, Haryana#2,Punjab#3.

- EcoPil5-INFRA: CHINA APPEARS to be rebranding its multi-billion-dollar Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) with
sustainability transparency et cetera values for competition with US President Joe Biden’s Build Back Better
World (B3W) initiative announced in G7 Summit 2020.

- EcoPil5-INFRA: urbanisation and housing problem for migrants. 1) We’ve equated housing to permanent
housing, ownership housing.. But we need to focus also on rental houses for migrants. Model rental law need
to be adopted by all the states to encourage the rental housing 2) Difficult to solve housing question in a
structurally unequal economy where wages are stagnant. 3) Focus in India is supply-side driven (creation of
more houses for purchase) but it is not automatically making the house is cheap because of the angles of
black money/corruption in land clearance. So, focus needs to be on affordability of the houses as well. ( प्रवासी
मज़दूरों के लिए आवास मकान की समस्या- 😥 भारत में आवास का मतलब है अपने पैसों से कायमी रूप से मकान ख़रीदना जबकि कम तनख़्वाह, और तबादले के चलते ये सबके
लिए संभव नहीं है। भारत सरकार द्वारा बनाए गए आदर्श किरायेदारी अधिनियम क़ानून को सभी राज्यों ने जल्दी से अपनाना चाहिए। भारत में नीति करता है यह सोचते हैं कि यह
यदि ज़्यादा मकान बना दिए जाएंगे तो अपने आप से आवास की समस्या सुलझ जाएगी लेकिन भारत में मकानों की संख्या तो ⬆️️रही है लेकिन वे किफ़ायती नहीं है इसलिए
समस्या जारी है। इसलिए नीति निर्माताओं का ज़ोर इस बात पर होना चाहिए की मकानों को किफ़ायती कै से बनाया जाए)

- MPLADS restored. 2021- 2cr, 2022 onwards: 5 cr per year. More details already covered in Mrunal’s free
Win20 Lecture Series Pillar5. Handout Page183. https://mrunal.org/download
(https://mrunal.org/download) (सांसद विकास निधि वाली योजना जो कोरोना में स्थगित की गई थी वापस शुरू की जाएगी हालाँकि वर्तमान वर्ष में सिर्फ़ दो
करोड़ और अगले साल से सालाना 5, करोड़ का quota होगा)

- Edu: Education Ministry-> CBSE to conduct National Achievement Survey (NAS) based on the test designed
by National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) to test the comprehension and numerical
skills of children in classes 3, 5, 8 and 10. 😥signs of learning loss caused by coronavirus-induced disruptions,
especially among children in lower grade. (स्वाभाविक है शिक्षा मंत्रालय के राष्ट्रीय उपलब्धि सर्वेक्षण में स्कू ल के बच्चों के नंबर कम आएँगे)
- Environment/Pollution: Rich countries, including the United States, Canada, Japan, and much of western
Europe, account for just 12 per cent of the global population today but are responsible for 50 percent of all
the planet-warming greenhouse gases released from fossil fuels and industry over the past 170 years. So they
need to be more responsible for combating the climate change but they are yet to release the 100 bn dollars
promised in the previous round of climate talks.(जलवायु परिवर्तन के ख़िलाफ़ लड़ाई में अमीर देशों की भूमिका ज़्यादा होनी चाहिए क्योंकि पिछले
डेढ़ सौ से ज़्यादा सालों में सबसे ज़्यादा प्रदूषण तो उन्हें ने किया है)

- Environment/Pollution: EUROPEAN Commission has decided to sue its member country Portugal for its poor
air quality caused by high levels of nitrogen dioxide. 🤔Points to Reflect for Essay/Interview: it is wrong to
think SAARC IS EPICFAIL BUT EU model bahut mahaan hai. 1) Britain exited for economic/political/migrants
reasons in BREXIT. 2) EU itself suing member Portugal for pollution. Will Portugal industry lobby also start
PORTUEXIT? 3) EU passing resolution against member-Poland for LGBTQ. If EU fails to protect Poland against
the Belarus ki ‘weaponisation of migrant strategy’ will Poland sit in the lap of Russia who also shares
homophobic laws? Excessive “WOKIsm” “Greta-Thurnbug-giri” may become a concern for integrity of the
union. Whereas India, despite all challenges, helped the neighbouring countries in the corona . (SAARC संगठन
संपूर्ण रूप से विफल हुआ और यूरोपीय संघ का मॉडल बोहोत महान है ऐसा मानना ग़लत वहाँ पर भी समस्याएं हैं। ब्रिटेन यूरोपियन संघ से अलग हो चुका है। EU द्वारा सदस्य देश
पुर्तगाल पर ही प्रदूषण का मुक़दमा चलाया जा रहा है। सदस्य देश पोलैंड के ख़िलाफ़ समलैंगिकता अधिकारों के बारे में प्रस्ताव पारित किए जा रहे हैं। यह सब पर्यावरण अति
सक्रियता और समलैंगिक अति सक्रियता संघ के कु छ और सदस्यों के विघटन का भविष्य में कारण हो सकती है)

- Pollution: Non-legally binding Declaration for only zero-emission cars and vans are sold by the year 2040.
Venue? Sideline of COP26, Glasgow UK, 2021. 😍 Members: India, 30 other members, big car marker
companies including Ford, General Motors, Mercedes-Benz, Jaguar Land Rover and Volvo 😥 United States,
China and Japan — are not a part of this initiative. वर्ष 2040 के बाद के वल शून्य उत्सर्जन करने वाली गाड़ियों को ही बेचा जाए ऐसे एक घोषणा
पत्र पर भारत सहित विभिन्न देशों ने हस्ताक्षर किए हैं हालाँकि यह क़ानूनी रूप से बाध्य नहीं है।

- Pollution: Global Resilience Index Initiative (GRII) at COP26, Glasgow-UK. Members? United Nations office
for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), Insurance Development Forum (IDF), University of Oxford, Coalition for
Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI). 😍 Benefit? open-source reference index to provide data for
economic planning. (वैश्विक लचीलापन सूचकांक पहल)
- Pollution: USA joined the International Solar Alliance, as the 101st member.

- environment protection versus national defence: CHARDham project to widen 889 km of hill roads for all-
weather connectivity. Environment groups find a PIL that it will damage the environment and fragile
ecology. Govt’s stand: required for faster movement of army because on the other side even China is also
developing infrastructure at a rapid level. Judge reflected: : “We cannot deny the fact that at such a height,
the security of the nation is at stake. Can the highest constitutional court say that we will override defence
needs particularly in the face of recent events? Can we say that environment will triumph over the defence
of the nation? Or we say that defence concerns be taken care of so that environmental degradation does not
take place?” (चारधाम हाईवे निर्माण के चलते पर्यावरण को ख़तरा लेकिन राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के लिए भी बहुत ज़रूरी है क्योंकि दूसरी तरफ़ चीन के सीमावर्ती इलाकों में काफ़ी
निर्माण कर रहा है)
- Flood in Smart Cities like Chennai: 1) unplanned urbanisation, Mall construction, road construction, housing
Society construction is blocking the natural flow of water.

- 17TH EDITION of the Climate Change Performance Index 2021, compiled by Germanwatch, the New Climate
Institute, and the Climate Action Network. first three ranks of the overall rankings were kept empty because
no country had performed well enough in all index categories to achieve an overall very high rating. #4
Sweden. #10 India.
- Red Dust: pollution from the Chinese-owned steel mill in Serbian town. Known to cause cancer.
- Environment/Pollution: Supreme Court on asked the Centre to inform it by Monday if “emergency
measures” like a “lockdown for two days” should be imposed to prevent further deterioration of the Air
Quality Index (AQI) in Delhi. SC asked why only stubble burning was being talked about and not bursting of
firecrackers or vehicular pollution. दिल्ली में एक दिन प्रतिदिन बढ़ते हुए वायु प्रदूषण को देखते हुए सुप्रीम कोर्ट सोच रही है कि क्यों न दो दिन का लॉकडाउन
लगाया जाए तालाबंदी हो

- Environment/Pollution: Pakke Tiger Reserve 2047 Declaration on Climate Change Resilient and Responsive
Arunachal Pradesh: multi-sectoral approach towards low emission and climate-resilient development through
five broad themes, or the Panch Dharas: environment, forest and climate change; health and well being of
all; sustainable and adaptive living; livelihoods and opportunities; and evidence generation and collaborative
action. अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य सरकार ने जलवायु परिवर्तन के ख़िलाफ़ पक्के टाइगर आरक्षित विस्तार 2047 घोषणा जारी की . किसी भारतीय राज्य सरकार द्वारा ये पहली
बार हुआइनहै सभी सार्वजनिक जगहों पर सुरक्षा कर्मी खड़े किए जाएंगे जिन्हें वैक्सीन के दूसरे डोज का प्रमाण पत्र दिखाने के बाद ही आपको प्रवेश मिलेगा। मान लीजिए कु छ नागरिक
मिलेगा
मानव अधिकार आयोग को इसकी शिकायत करे तो आयोग के अध्यक्ष के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे?✅CASE STUDY ANSWER LAYOUT: I usually
don’t give for following reasons2. If everyone starts writing the answers dictated by the coaching teacher
they may actually get less marks if evaluators starts to feel copycase. (allegedly happen long time ago,
among Gujarati candidates writing Panchayati Raj essay in the UPSC exam because their points were almost
identical due to having studied under same teacher not prepared anything outside his Coaching Notes.) You
need to have your own point as well. (सब लोग एक ही क़िस्म का जवाब रट के जाएंगे तो मार्क्स अच्छे नहीं मिलेंगे।)3. Too much
spoonfeeding of ethics not good for ‘real ethical development’. Your ethical outlook and conscience should
grow and organically. (क्या आपके दिमाग़ में नैतिक मूल्य धीरे धीरे और प्राकृ तिक रूप से बढ़ने चाहिए। थाली में परोस कर नहीं।)✅INTRO- Link syllabus
with Compressed Story- rewrite the compressed version of case study linking with Ethics Syllabus- ORIGIN:
“citizens not taking vaccination and endangering the lives of others has become a recurring
dilemma/challanges faced by authorities/public organisations across India” ( लोग टीकाकरण नहीं करवाते है, जिससे बढ़ते कोरोना
के मामले देश दुनिया के सभी सरकारी संस्थानों के लिए एक चुनौती बन गया है।)- In this case <REWRITE compression version of how AMC
prohibiting people from using municipal services if they do not take second dose> ( इसी परिपेक्ष्य में अहमदाबाद नगर निगम ने
भी कु छ सख़्त नियम बनाए हैं जिन्होंने पहली ख़ुराक ली है लेकिन दूसरी ख़ुराक नहीं ले रहे उन्हें सार्वजनिक सेवाओं का लाभ नहीं मिलेगा।)Body1- Stakeholders ki
pipudi- AMC officers, doctors who do not have the resources to combat third wave- unvaccinated citizens
who’re too busy/arrogant to take dose#2,- other Citizens esp. elderly, infants with weak immunity. ✅Body2:
Action as NHRC Chief- Explanation to be sought from AMC municipal commissioner ( अधिकारी से जवाब तलब करो)- Gain
clarity over rules- if person not ZERO dose will he get entry? But if he has not taken second doze then entry
prohibited? यदि ऐसा है तो ये तार्कि क नहीं है.- lower middle class working professionals- can’t afford from pvt hospitals.
Free vaccine slots not easily available vs job rush. They cannot afford to come late to the office otherwise
salary will be cut. Morning/Nighttime/Holiday mein free camps also need to be started. ( नौकरीपेशा लोगों के लिए देरी से
ऑफ़िस पहुच ँ ना भी समस्या होती है. नीजी अस्पतालों में पैसा देकर टीका लगाना महँगा। रात को भी मुफ़्त के म्प की सुविधा हो)- if a student is going for a
competitive exam or job interview and he is prevented from entering the Bus transport, then it will damage
his career. (सरकारी नौकरी की परीक्षा के लिए जा रहे विद्यार्थी को बस में बैठने से रोका जाए तो भविष्य बर्बाद होगा )- some students preparing for
the army/police exams where running-test is done but vaccine may cause fever so they may not be taking it
for the time being out of fear. (पुलिस/ मिलेट्री में दोड की परीक्षा , और टीका लगवाने के बाद बुख़ार का डर)- If posting security guards at
the bus station, zoo, riverfront, gymkhana then why not also post some doctors and nurses to give the
second dose! (अगर सुरक्षा कर्मी ही लगाए जा रहे हैं तो क्यों न डॉक्टर/नर्स भी वहीं खड़े कर दो इंजेक्शन ठोकने के लिए)- Swimming pool entry
definitely cannot be allowed because even if person wear the mask the virus may spread in water. ( स्विमिंग पूल में
तो क़तई प्रवेश नहीं दिया जाना चाहिए)- If person has taken first dose then he should not have any hesitation in taking the
second dose on ethical/religious/scientific grounds! (यदि किसी ने पहला डोज लिया है तो फिर उसे दूसरा डोज लेने के बारे में कोई नैतिक
धार्मिक वैज्ञानिक विरोध नहीं होना चाहिए)- & MANY OTHER THINGS. Think and reflect.✅Conclusion:- Protecting Lives and
livelihood while protecting rights ki pipudi. (लोगों के जीवन की रक्षा भी करनी है लेकिन साथ के साथ उनके अधिकारों की भी रक्षा करनी है एसा बीच
का रास्ता अपनाया जाए)
Case Study: Right to display food - Ahmedabad & Rajkot- municipal corporators/councillers demanding that
all street vendors selling non-vegetarian food, including fish, meat, chicken, and eggs, as well as any
restaurants that have non-vegetarian food, should be made to cover the items from public display.
Otherwise it offends the religious sentiments of Hindus and Jains who’re passing by on the road. On the
other hand non-vegetarian food sellers defend that if we do not display our goods then how will we get
customers? It is our right to business! As municipal commissioner (IAS) what will you do? ( नगर पालिका के कु छ पार्षदों की
माँग है कि मांसाहारी खाद्य पदार्थ बेचने वाले व्यापारियों अपनी दुकान पर अंडे मांस वग़ैरह टांगकर प्रदर्शित करते हैं जिससे सड़क से गुज़रने वाले हिन्दू और जैन समुदाय के लोगों की
धार्मिक भावना आहत होती है इसलिए वो सब चीज़ें दुकानदार ने भी सार्वजनिक प्रदर्शन में नहीं रखनी चाहिए। जबकि व्यापारियों का कहना है अगर हम ऐसा टांगकर नहीं रखेंगे तो
ग्राहक कै से आएंगे? म्यूनिसिपल कमिश्नर के रूप में आप इस को कै से संबोधित करेंगे)

- Ethics-role of civil service: NSA Doval Speech: quintessence of democracy does not lie in the ballot box. It
lies in the laws made by the people who are elected through those ballot boxes. IAS/IPS are the ones who
are the enforcers of those. Laws are not as good as they are made. Laws are as good as they are
implemented and executed with efficiency, commitment, values, humane attitude. 🤔Points to Reflect:
child marriage, pollution, poaching, narcotics etc. (लोकतंत्र मतदान पेटी के डिब्बे में नहीं है चुने गए प्रतिनिधियों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का प्रभावी
रूप से के अफ़सरों द्वारा अनुपालन करवाने में लोकतंत्र है। और कोई भी क़ानून सिर्फ़ उतना ही प्रभावी होगा जितना अफ़सर उसे प्रभावी रूप से, दृढ़ता और मानवीय रवैये से लागू
करेंगे।)

- Ethics: work life balance. Portugal has passed a law to prohibit employers from contacting the workers
after office hours. 😥 although in the Post-Corona work from home in a multinational company spread across
multiple times zones it creates operational challenges. (पुर्तगाल में ऐसा क़ानून बनाती है ऑफ़िस घंटे ख़त्म होने के बाद मालिक कर्मचारी को
संपर्क नहीं कर पाएगा)

- Ethics: 1997: State government allotted land to schedule caste poor families in a village. 2021: total 24
years passed but they could not get actual possession of the land because 1) illegal encroachment by
Bahubalis. 2) Opposition by some villagers that scheduled caste colony should be located away from our
general area otherwise it will depress our land prices 3) Opposition by some villagers that these beneficiaries
are not actually the residents of State. They are ‘outsiders’, and trying to get land through false domicile
certificates. As District magistrate (IAS) what will you do? (राज्य सरकार ने दलित समुदाय के भूमिहीन ग़रीब लोगों को 24 साल पहले ज़मीन
दी थी लेकिन अभी तक उन्हें वहाँ पर वास्तविक रूप से क़ब्ज़ा नहीं मिला क्योंकि बाहुबली उन्हें क़ब्ज़ा किया है, गाँव वाले उनके दलित होने पर विरोध कर रहे हैं, और कु छ
गांववाले ये कह रहे हैं कि हमें दलित परिवार को ज़मीन मिलने पर विरोध नहीं है लेकिन वास्तव में ये लोग अपनी राज्य के नहीं हैं दूसरे राज्य के हैं लेकिन फ़र्ज़ी डोमिसाइल
सर्टिफ़िके ट द्वारा अपनी राज्य सरकार की सरकारी योजनाओं का लाभ ले रहे हैं इसलिए उनको ये ज़मीन नहीं मिलनी चाहिए। डिस्ट्रिक्ट कलेक्टर के रूप में आपको कै से संबोधित
करेंगे
- Ethics: scheme awareness- A’bad Father from a lower middle-class family chastised the son for not studying
and playing PUBG. Son consumed poison. Father takes him to to Jivraj Mehta Hospital bill is Rs.1.07 lakh.
Father does not have that much money or health insurance. A tout approaches him ke “when you are not
eligible for the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana because you are not poor but there is a state government
scheme launched for your Devipujak community. So then your son's treatment cost will be covered by state
government scheme but you will have to pay me Rs.18k cut in advance then I can get your documents
processed fast and your bill will be cleared immediately otherwise it will take years! Gullible father paid the
money. Scamster ran away. Similar incidents in other districts. As Health Secretary (IAS) how will you
address? (बाप ने बेटे को धमकाया कि PUBG मत खेलों और पढ़ाई करो तो बेटे ने ज़हर पी लिया, अस्पताल का बिल आया १ लाख रुपये। बाप के पास पैसा नहीं और
स्वास्थ्य सुरक्षा बीमा भी नहीं। एक धोखेबाज़ ने उसे कहा कि क्योंकि आप इतने ग़रीब नहीं है कि आपको प्रधानमंत्री जन आरोग्य योजना का लाभ मिले लेकिन राज्य सरकार ने
आपकी देवीपूजक समुदाय के लिए एक अलग स्वास्थबीमा योजना बनायी है उसमें आपको ये बिल का पैसा माफ़ हो जाएगा लेकिन उस योजना में आप का पंजीकरण जल्दी से
करवाना है तो मुझे 18, हज़ार रुपये का कमीशन देना होगा और फिर धोखेबाज़ बाप का पैसा लेकर भाग गया। गुजरात के कई ज़िलों में ऐसे मिलते जुलते धोखा धड़ी के मामले
पहले भी हुए हैं। स्वास्थ्य सचिव (आईएएस) के रूप में आप इस समस्या को कै से संबोधित करेंगे? )

- Ethics: Suppose a Women's rights activist has written following letter to the national commission for
women: “A SURAT court on sentenced to life imprisonment a native migrant of Uttar Pradesh who raped a
five-year-old girl. The trial in the case was completed in 31 days. Because the police completed the
investigation very quickly and migrant worker did not have money /political backing to stall the case. But
same level of swiftness not seen in the rape cases involving powerful men. Plz do something“ As the
Chairman of national commission for women rights what will you do? (मान लीजिए एक महिला अधिकार आंदोलनकारी के राष्ट्रीय महिला
आयोग के अध्यक्ष को ख़त लिखता है कि “सूरत में पाँच साल की एक बच्ची पर बलात्कार के बाद आरोपी प्रवासी मज़दूर को ३१ दिन के भीतर ही आजीवन कारावास की सज़ा हो
गई है। क्योंकि पुलिस ने तेज़ी से छानबीन ख़त्म की और शायद ये प्रवासी मज़दूर के पास इतना पैसा या राजनीतिक बल नहीं था कि गैस को धीमा कर सके । लेकिन सामान्य रूप से
ऐसे बलात्कार के जहाँ पर शक्तिशाली पुरुष शामिल हो तो ऐसी तेज़ी नहीं दिखाई जाती।” राष्ट्रीय महिला आयोग के अध्यक्ष के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे)

- Ethics- start up tech giants and compassion for PH: USA Uber’s “wait time” fees kick in two minutes after a
driver arrives. Go to physically disabled person cannot quickly enter the taxi within such short time and then
they are required to pay extra fees for wait time! So, US federal government is suing Uber because it
discriminates against disabled people. 🤔Points to Reflect: when we surrender ourselves to the tech giants
artificial intelligence and robots such problems are bound to occur. Even Amazon is accused of having
computer system that if worker take little bit long time in bathroom break then his salaries cut. ( अमरीका में यदि
ग्राहक टैक्सी में चढ़ने में दो मिनट से ज़्यादा समय लेता है तो टैक्सी कं पनी उस पर ज़्यादा फ़ीस लगाती है। विकलांग प्रवासियों के लिए ये एक प्रकार से भेदभाव और शोषण है।)
- Ethics/Social Media: IIT ENGINEER from Telangana has been detained by the Mumbai Police for allegedly
threatening to rape Virat Kohli's infant daughter following the cricket team's loss to Pakistan in the ongoing
T20 World Cup 2021. He had created a fake id @Criccrazyygirl to send the tweet. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1)
Innocent memes and jokes against celebrities is fine but Obscene and threatening messages are illegal.
parents, teachers, PUBG & Mirzapur. 2) Kohli has done right thing by standing up against the cyber bullying,
otherwise such bullies never stop and feel for that motivated to write even more obscene things. 3) social
media intermediaries (Twitter,FB) need to fine-tune their algorithms to combat cyber bullying. ४) did person
lose lakhs of rupees in fantasy sports gambling apps to become so outraged? साइबर दादागिरी- पाकिस्तान के सामने क्रिके ट मैच में
हार के बाद इस क्रिके टर विराट कोहली की बेटी पर बलात्कार की धमकी देने वाले IIT इंजीनियर को पुलिस ने पकड़ा। - निर्दोष क़िस्म के जोक्स, मिम से बनाना ठीक बात है
लेकिन धमकियाँ देना ग़लत। १) कोहली ने पुलिस में शिकायत कर सही क़दम उठाया बड़ा साइबर bullies की हिम्मत और बढ़ जाती है २) ट्विटर फ़े सबुक वग़ैरह ने भी ऐसी
आपत्तिजनक चीज़ों को सतर्क ता से हटाने की ज़रूरत है। ३) क्रिके ट हार जीत सामान्य हे-लोग नाराज़ होते हैं, लेकिन मारने और बलात्कार की धमकी नहीं देते तो क्या फैं टेसी
क्रिके ट एप्स के नाम पर जो जुआ/सट्टा लगाया जाता है - क्या इस व्यक्ति ने उसमें लाखों रुपये गंवा दिए थे इसलिए इतना ग़ुस्से मे आ गया कि मारने और बलात्कार की धमकी देने
लगा है?

- Ethics: Civil Service Values & Compassion for the weaker section & need for science: MINIMUM wage paid to
brick kiln workers in Gujarat was Rs. 293 for 1100 bricks per day. Workers went to the labour department
seeking reprieve. Mahatma Gandhi Labour Institute conducted a scientific study to find out that in 8 hours, a
single worker can mould only 490 bricks! But government didn’t change the number. Workers went to High
Court. After 13 years legal-administrative battle, the amount changed to Rs. 293 for 490 bricks. 🤔Points to
Reflect: 😥 1) there is dire need for the civil servants to have compassion for the weaker section 😥 2) dire
need for a civil servants to have scientific outlook towards economic problems. 😥 3) When civil servants
have habit of dodging the responsibility by not taking action → ⬆️litigation in courts → more scope /danger
of judicial overreach. (प्रशासनिक सेवाओं में कमज़ोर वर्ग के प्रति संवेदनशीलता की कमी. गुजरात में ईट की भट्ठी में काम करने वाले मज़दूरों का न्यूनतम वेतन कु छ
ऐसे तय हुआ कि प्रतिदिन ११०० ईट बनाने पर 300 रुपये मिले, हालाँकि वैज्ञानिक परीक्षणों से पाया गया कि एक मज़दूर दिन में आठ घंटे काम करने पर भी 500 ईंट मुश्किल
से बना सकता है। जब मज़दूरोने इसकी शिकायत की तो भी सरकार ने नियमों में बदलाव नहीं किया, अंत मेन हाईकोर्ट से न्याय लेते लेते 13 साल बीत गए। सोचने के विषय की
सरकारी अफ़सरों में संवेदनशीलता की कमी ज़िम्मेदारियों से भागने के लिए निर्णय न लेना जिसके चलते पीड़ित व्यक्ति अदालतों में जाए→ अदालतों का कार्य बोझ बढ़ता है →और
न्यायिक अतिक्रमण का जोखिम भी बढ़ता है।

- Ethics: work life balance- “antiwork” culture/ walking out of their jobs in 1st world nations. A record 40
lakh people resigned in August 2021 due to low pay, unrealistic deadlines, and bad bosses. They classify
themselves as as “not working” and “not looking for work. 🤔 in USA and EU - the social security net
/unemployment allowance are high so persons can afford to do so. The other spectrum- 11 lakh candidates
applied for 10,000 Police Constable jobs in Gujarat meant for class12 passout. ( प्रथम विश्व में लगभग 40 लाख लोगों ने स्वयं
ही इस्तीफ़ा दे दिया है कि हमें कम तनख़्वाह और बदमाश बॉस के चलते नौकरी यही नहीं करनी है वे ऐसा कर सकते हैं क्योंकि प्रथम विश्व में सामाजिक सुरक्षा /बेरोज़गारी भत्ता
प्रणाली सुविकसित है। जबकि गुजरात में दस हज़ार पुलिस कांस्टेबल की नौकरी के लिए 11 लाख लोगों ने आवेदन पत्र लगाए हैं)
- Ethics/Cyber-stalking: Dy collector in Aravalli district of Gujarat arrested for ‘harassing and stalking’
woman for 1.5 years, he was sending the indecent photos of the woman to her husband, minor-son, father-
in-law to force the woman to continue relationships with him. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) UPSC/GPSC Selection is
no certificate for ethics and good character. 2) during the training, officers are also taught about legal
provisions against sexual harassment, gender sensitisation etc. But, such training is also no remedy for
person whose ethical character is weak. 3) Role of parents: His own parents had advised him to stop chasing
this woman who is now married to another man but he was not listening. 4) when woman does not take a
stand against the stocking and harassment it improves the morale of the stalker. Furthermore, having a
government job also makes him arrogant. Thus he reached to extreme stage of even sending photos to minor
son. 5) glorification and “normalisation” of stalking and harassment in movies like Kabir Singh. एक डिप्टी कलेक्टर जो
काफ़ी समय से महिला को परेशान कर रहा था और उसकी आपत्तिजनक तस्वीरें महिला के पति और नाबालिग बेटे को भी भेज रहा था। है यानी कि सरकारी परीक्षा पास करना कोई
चरित्र का प्रमाण पत्र नहीं है। इन सब अफ़सरों को महिला यौन उत्पीड़न के ख़िलाफ़ तालीम भी दी जाती है लेकिन उसका चरित्र ही ठीक न हो वो तालीम से ठीक नहीं हो सकता।
जब महिलाएँ इस प्रकार की उत्पीड़न को सहन करती है तो आरोपी के हौसले और बुलंद हो जाते हैं यहाँ तक कि उसकी नाबालिग बेटे तक को वो तसवीरें भेजने लगा। कबीर सिंह
जैसे ही चलचित्रों में महिला उत्पीड़न का महिमामंडन - बाबूशोनो के दिमाग़ को भ्रष्ट और हौसले को बुलंद कर रहा है

- Ethics/Bigamy: IAS Gaurav Dahiya was suspended by Gujarat government in 2019 because he is accused of
bigamy (marrying second woman without divorcing first wife & then dumping her after she gave birth to a
girl child. Separately, some newspapers also allege him of coercing/luring junior staff woman to have
relationship with him. 2021: he has written to the chief secretary (IAS) please take me back into service
because 1) I’ve done MBBS & MD from AIIMS 2) I had good experience of working during the pandemic of
swine flu. So taken back to the job I will be able to help the administration during this Corona pandemic. 3)
even on suspension I am getting 50% salary without doing any work! so better to take me back so I can do
work which will be a better use of taxpayers money! Question: what decision will you take the Chief
secretary? (एक आइएस अफ़सर को सस्पेंड किया गया क्योंकि उसने पहली पत्नी को डिवोर्स दिए बिना दूसरी शादी की थी और दूसरी पत्नी को भी छोड़ दिया जब उसकी
बेटी पैदा हुई। ये सस्पेंडेड अफ़सर ने मुख्य सचिव को पत्र लिखा है कि मैं मैंने डॉक्टर की पढ़ाई की है और स्वाइन फ्लू में आपदा प्रबंधन का अनुभव भी हे इसलिए मुझे अब वापस
कोरोना महामारी की लड़ाई में नौकरी पर ले लीजिए, क्योंकि मैं घर पे बैठा हूँ फिर भी सरकारी नियमों के हिसाब से मुझे तनख्वा तो मिल ही रही है तो क्यों न मुझे वापस ले लिया
जाए ताकि मैं देश सेवा कर सकु ! )

- Banaras Hindu University (BHU) was founded by Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya, Annie Besant and others in
1916. 2021: Urdu dept published a on Facebook with the photograph of poet Iqbal’s photo to celebrate Urdu
Day. A student union started protest, “Why doesn't this poster contain photo of BHU founder Pandit Madan
Mohan Malaviya??” Strict action must be taken against the Professor who is the head of Urdu department,
else we will start student hartal and will not let the academic work progress. As Vice chancellor how will you
address this complaint? (बनारस हिंदू यूनिवर्सिटी ने उर्दू दिवस के दौरान फ़े सबुक पर उर्दू डिपार्टमेंट ने ऐसा पोस्ट डाला जिसमें शायर इक़बाल की तस्वीर तो थी
लेकिन यूनिवर्सिटी के संस्थापक पंडित मदन मोहन मालवीय की तस्वीर नहीं थी। इस पर विद्यार्थी संगठन और उर्दू विभाग के प्रोफ़े सर के ख़िलाफ़ सख़्त कार्रवाई की माँग कर रहे हैं
तो आप उप कु लपति के रूप में क्या करेंगे?)
- Ethics: fratricide and suicide in CRPF: Home Ministry ordered platoons to organise weekly ‘chaupals: “group
sharing exercise’- global studies have shown that people think of killing themselves when they find
themselves unable to share their thoughts with others. “If they get a chance to share or discuss their feelings
or their current state of mind, there is a possibility that such thoughts can be controlled. But, male soldiers
often do not share their worries even with their comrades because they are expected to be strong, and keep
their domestic problems, illness, and financial problems bottled up within. → stress, depression, suicide”.
So, Once or twice a week, 18-20 personnel will sit in chairs in a circle outdoors, perhaps under a tree.All of
whom will be in civilian clothes without mobile phones. “It must be ensured that no one laughs at or makes
fun of anyone else; rather every person is encouraged to speak freely, ( सैनिकों से उम्मीद की जाती है कि वे हमेशा शौर्य और मज़बूत
मनोबल दिखाए। अपनी तक़लीफ और समस्याओं को दूसरों के साथ साझा न करें। लेकिन इसके चलते CRPF में आत्महत्या के मामले बढ़ रहे हैं तो गृह मंत्रालय ने आदेश दिया है
कि हर हफ़्ते अफ़सर और जवानों की चौपाल बिठायी जाए जहाँ पर वे गणवेश नहीं सामान्य कपड़ों में होंगे मोबाइल फ़ोन का प्रयोग नहीं करेंगे। और काम के अलावा वाली अपनी
निजी समस्याओं पर चर्चा करेंगे, और किसी की बात पर किसी ने भी हसना नहीं होगा। और विविध वैश्विक संशोधन से पाया गया है कि इस प्रकार की चर्चा से व्यक्ति का तनाव
कम होता है और आत्महत्या की संभावना कम होती है)

- GSM4/Case Study- Groundnut Procurement: Traders not offering good prices to Groundnut farmers in
Gujarat because 1) crop damaged by rain, it does not have enough oil content to justify the Rs.5500/100kg
MSP price fixed by Govt. 2) Government had reduced customs duty on imported palm oil, soya oil and
sunflower oil in September so big players (food processing industry, fast-food industry etc using more of such
non-groundnut oil) 3) Russia China-again Corona waves so they're Hotel /food processing industry importing
less groundnut oil from India. Farmers are protesting that government of India should procure their
groundnuts. However, govt facing shortage of funds. If it tries to appease the farmers of Gujarat then it will
have to reduce the rice and wheat procurement from Punjab Haryana Uttar Pradesh- then their farmers will
start protests. Department of Food and Public Distribution shifted the ball to Ministry of agriculture, seeking
their opinion. So, as Agriculture Secretary (IAS) how will you address this? ( अब गुजरात में मंडी व्यापारी किसानों को मूंगफली के
अच्छे दाम नहीं दे रहे क्योंकि ज़्यादा बारिश के चलते मूंगफली की फ़सल में तेल की मात्रा कम है। भारत सरकार ने खाद्य तेल महँगाई नियंत्रण के लिए कु छ महीनों पहले आयातित
पाम तेल इत्यादि पर टैक्स में कटौती की थी, इसलिए बढ़ी खाद्य प्रसंस्करण कं पनियां फ़ास्ट फ़ू ड उद्योग ग़ैर मूंगफली तेल का अधिक प्रयोग कर रहे हैं क्योंकि वो सस्ते में मिल जाता
है। रशिया और चीन में भी भारत की मूंगफली तेल निर्यात में कमी आयी है क्योंकि वहाँ पर कोरोना की नई लहरें शुरू हुई है जिससे होटल फ़ास्ट-फु ड उद्योग ठप हो रहे हैं। गुजरात
के मूँगफली किसान की माँग है कि कें द्र सरकार द्वारा न्यूनतम समर्थन मूल्य पर सारी मूंगफली ख़रीद ली जाए लेकिन सरकार के पास पैसा कम है यदि गुजरात से मूंगफली ज़्यादा
ख़रीदी तो गेहूं चावल की सरकारी ख़रीद कम हो पाएगी तो फिर उत्तर भारत के दूसरे किसान नाराज़ हो जाएंगे। वैसे सरकारी अनाज ख़रीद का मामला है खाद्य और सार्वजनिक
वितरण प्रणाली विभाग के अंतर्गत होता है लेकिन उन्होंने विवादों से बचने के लिए सारी फ़ाइल कृ षि मंत्रालय को सलाह के लिए भेज दी हे। तो कृ षि सचिव यानी आइएएस ऑफ़िसर
के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे?)

- Ethics: language of leader: TELANGANA CHIEF Minister K Chandrashekhar Rao has threatened BJP leaders
that he would cut their tongues if they don't refrain from using bad language to criticise him. 🤔Points to
Reflect: leader must have spoken it metaphorical sense but the followers may follow it in literal sense,
justifying the need for violence and the order of the leader. Therefore leader must always remain very
cautious about his choice of words. तेलंगाना के मुख्यमंत्री ने ये धमकी दी है कि यदि भाजपा नेता ख़राब भाषा इस्तेमाल करेंगे तो उनकी ज़ुबान काट ली
जाएगी। ग़ौर करने का विषय ये है कि शायद मुख्यमंत्री ने प्रतीकात्मक अर्थ में बयान दिया हो लेकिन लेकिन अनुयायी इसका शाब्दिक अर्थ में अनुसरण कर सकते हैं, और हिंसा को
प्रोत्साहन मिल सकता है इसलिए हमेशा नेता ने अपनी भाषा पर बहुत ही संयम रखना चाहिए।
- Ethics: Altruism: Karnataka fruit vendor Harekala Hajabba received his Padma Shri for building a school for
his village. He felt bad when he could not answer in English tourist questions related to name of the fruit. So
he decided the other children in his village should not suffer the same fate. 🤔Points to Reflect: Thus not
necessary to have billions like Azim Premji or Bill Gates to be philanthropist. Even ₹10-15 daily earning fruit-
seller can also do it- depending on willpower and ethical character of a person.

- Urban Middle Class Feudalism: Bengali filmstar Prosenjit complained on twitter to PM and CM after Swiggy
didn’t deliver food on time. Some users are mocking him for ‘first world problem’/‘elitism’ and so many
Indians are suffering from poverty hunger and malnutrition. Counter-arguments: 1) both in the online
shopping site as well as in offline stores and government offices- consumer grievance redressal mechanism is
very poor. Either you have to go round and round / wait forever for justice/refund OR you have to tout
connection with some VIP to get things done. Ordinary poor people accept this as part and parcel of life in
one with it but filmstar may feel different. 2) On Twitter, people write ‘open letters’ / ‘WOKE complaints’
on the slightest inconveniences, then why should filmstar not have the freedom of expression? ( शहरी सामंतवाद:
बांग्ला फ़िल्म स्टार ने भी प्रधानमंत्री और मुख्यमंत्री को ट्विटर पर शिकायत की कि कै से Swiggy से ऑनलाइन ऑर्डर करने के बाद भी उसे वक़्त पर खाना नहीं मिला. ट्विटर पर
लोग निंदा कटाक्ष में लगे हैं कि कै से गरीबों को तो खाना भी नहीं मिलता और film star ऐसी शिकायतों मे मुख्यमंत्री और प्रधानमंत्री को टैग कर रहे है। ग़ौर करने के विषय-
भारत में निजी क्षेत्र में ख़रीदारी या सरकारी कामकाज में शिकायत निवारण तंत्र का कमजोर हे, बार बार धक्के खाने के बावजूद भी न्याय मिलने की गारंटी नहीं होती इसलिए अमीर
लोग छोटी छोटी बातों पर भी बड़े लोगों की सिफ़ारिश लाकर अपनी समस्या सुलझाने की कोशिश करते हैं। फ़िल्म स्टार के लिए शायद ये बड़ी समस्या हो सकती है और ये उसका
वाणी स्वतंत्र है कि वो ट्विटर के मंच भी अपनी बात रखे। )

- Corporate Ethics/CSR/ Social Media Tech Imperialism: Rudyard Kipling’s poem “The White Man's Burden"
(1899) proposes that the white race is morally obliged to civilize the non-white peoples of planet Earth and
to encourage their progress (economic, social, and cultural) through colonialism. During the british era,
atleast the the officers and foot soldiers of the East India Company braved malaria and dysentery and spent
time in the conquered lands and made attempts to learn Hindi, Bengali etc languages to converse with the
natives. Modern day Tech imperialist Mark Zuckerberg not even spending salary to hire vernacular language
professionals to remove the fake news and hate speech. The entire debate about Facebook manipulating the
third world countries’ electoral politics is being debated in first world nations without any involvement of
the citizens of third world, as if it is “White Man's Burden" to uphold the democracy in the third world! ( तीसरे
विश्व के अश्वेत लोगों मैं संस्कृ ति का संचार और उनका उत्थान करना वो एक श्वेत व्यक्ति की नैतिक ज़िम्मेदारी है!- कम से कम इस ईस्ट इंडिया कं पनी के अफ़सरों ने भारत में
टू टी फू टी हिंदी बांग्ला और स्थानिक भाषाएँ सीखने का प्रयत्न भी किया था लेकिन आधुनिक उपनिवेशवादी मार्क जकरबर्ग इतनी भी मेहनत नहीं करवा रहा। फ़े सबुक मे स्थानीय
भाषाओं को जानने वाले मानव बल की कमी के चलते स्थानीय भाषाओं में फे क न्यूज़ पर नियंत्रण नहीं रहा। प्रथम विश्व में उनकी संसदो में सुनवाई हो रही है कि कै से फ़े सबुक तीसरे
विश्व में लोकतंत्र को जोखिम में डाल रहा है हालाँकि ऐसी चर्चा में तीसरे विश्व के नागरिकों को बोलने का कोई मौक़ा नहीं दिया जा रहा।)

- Geography: continents rose from the oceans about 3.2 billion years ago — and that the earliest continental
landmass to emerge may have been Jharkhand’s Singhbhum region.. Because sandstones in Singhbhum are
3.2 billion years old, representing the earliest crust exposed to air. ( पहेले पूरी पृथ्वी पर समंदर था फिर उसमें से ज़मीन उभरी वो सब
से पहेले झारखंड के सिंघभूम क्से उभरी थी)

- GPSC/StatePSC: GUJARAT government has decided to launch 'Niramay Gujarat Yojana' to screen and
protect people above 30 years from non-communicable diseases, like high blood pressure, heart attack,
paralysis, cancer, renal diseases, anaemia, diabetes, etc, is more than communicable diseases । ग़ैर संक्रामक रोगों की
जाँच के लिए राज्य सरकार की योजना उत्तर
- History: Onake Obavva Jayanti will be celebrated across the Karnataka on 11th Nov. She died after killing
several soldiers in the army of Hyder Ali — father of Tipu Sultan — to delay the siege of the fort of
Chitradurga, in Karnataka. Other historic female figures: 1)Abbakka Rani, the first Tuluva queen of
Chitradurga fort- she fought the Portuguese; 2) Keladi Chennamma, the queen of the Keladi kingdom who
fought the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb; 3) Kittur Chennamma, the queen of Kittur who fought the East India
Company in 1824

- Srinagar became UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN). For culture and creativity — crafts and folk art,
design, film, gastronomy, literature, media arts, and music Five Indian cities are already in the list —
Mumbai (film), Hyderabad (gastronomy), Chennai (music),Varanasi (music) and Jaipur (crafts and folk art).
Why Srinagar Chosen? 1) Srinagar, Ganderbal and Budgam are the main districts of Kashmir that have for
ages been involved in making handicrafts products — such as textiles, carpets and rugs, crewel embroidery,
silverware, woodwork and papier-mâché. 2) Papier-mâché is said to have been brought to Kashmir by saint
Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani from Persia in the 14th century. It is based primarily on creating colourful utility and
decorative objects using paper pulp. 3) best-quality shawls in the world are still made of pashmina, the wool
of the wild Asian mountain goat. (यूनेस्को की रचनात्मक शहेरो की सूची में श्रीनगर भी शामिल)

- Chicago Convention in 1944 for civil aviation- 6 freedoms. 1) freedom#1: right to an airline of one country
to fly over asecond country and land in a third country. 2) Freedom#2: right to refuel or carry out
maintenance in a foreign country without embarking or disembarking passengers or cargo. In news because
Pak refused to let Indian Go-First slight from Srinagar to Sharjah अंतरराष्ट्रीय नागरिक उड्डयन का शिकागो समझौता और उसमें उड्डयन के
बारे में विभिन्न अधिकार स्वतंत्रता

- China-Pak: China delivers its most advanced warship PNS Tughril. Previously gave JF-17 Thunder fighter
aircraft. China also funding Pakistan’s Gwadar port in the Arabian Sea which connects with China’s Xinjiang
province by land in the $60 billion China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). China is also developing Sri
Lanka’s Hambantota port after it acquired it on 99 years’ lease.

- India has 15 conventional diesel electric submarines- subtypes 1) Shishumar- German 2) Kilo Class or
Sindhughosh Class bought from Russia 3) Kalvari Class Scorpene submarines built at India’s Mazagon Dock in
partnership with France. Most of India’s submarines are over 25 years old, and many are getting refitted.
China is giving 8 submarines to Pakistan so we also need to improve. भारत के विविध डीज़ल सबमरीन/पंडू बिया

- India’s Nuclear Powered Submarine: INS Arihant. A second nuke powered submarine, INS Arighat, an
upgraded version of Arihant, is likely to be commissioned within the next few months. Nuke Submarines
infinite capacity to stay dived. As they are not propelled by batteries, they need not emerge for charging by
a diesel engine. Propelled by a nuclear-powered engine, these submarines only need to come to the surface
for replenishing supplies for the crew. SSNs are also able to move faster underwater than conventional
submarines. All this allows a navy to deploy them at farther distances, and quicker. They are like the fighter
jets of the underwater world. India is among six nations that have SSNs, alongside the US, the UK, Russia,
France and China. India got its first SSN in 1987 from the Soviet Navy, which it rechristened INS Chakra, भारत के
परमाणु ऊर्जा आधारित सबमरीन/पंडू बिया

- Diplomacy-Diaspora: H-1B visa is a non-immigrant visa that allows US companies to employ foreign workers
in specialty occupations that require theoretical or technical expertise. The technology companies depend
on it to hire tens of thousands of employees each year from countries like India and China. 2) H-4 visa is
issued by the to immediate family members (spouse and children under 21 years of age) of the H-1B visa
holders. Reform: H4 Walle also eligible for jobs without extra Clearance.
- USA closed embassy in Afghanistan and have no plans to open it soon so they have given the responsibility
to Qatar to serve as the “protecting power” for the US in Taliban-run Afghanistan. ( सचिन तेंदुलकर ने कहा है कि वो मैच
खेलने नहीं आ पाएगा पार्थिव पटेल से काम चला लो)

- IR: weaponisation of migrants/refugees/Hybrid Warfare 1) EU sanctioned Belarus for human rights abuses.
So Belarus President allowing/facilitating Syrian/Afghan refugees to enter Poland → immigrant versus
domicile violence and economic problems in Poland. 2) Russia dispatched two nuclear-capable strategic
bombers to patrol Belarusian airspace to show support! 🤔Points to Reflect: India also faces similar problem
regarding Rohingya. (शरणार्थियों का शस्त्रीकरण: बेलारूस जानबूझकर सीरियाई शरणार्थियों को घुसपैठ करने देता है ताकि उन्हें पोलैंड की तरफ़ भेजा जा सके - पोलैंड
में आर्थिक सामाजिक और आपराधिक समस्यायें खड़ी की जा सके ।)

- India-Taliban: INDIA IS hosting the ‘Delhi Regional Security Dialogue on Afghanistan” with NSAs of
Iran,Russia,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan),Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan. Pakistan and China not
participating. Taliban not invited. Agenda of the meeting ■ Terrorism within Afghanistan and its spilling
beyond its borders ■ Radicalisation and extremism in the population in Afghanistan, and in each of these
countries ■ Cross-border movement of people, including ordinary Afghans and Taliban fighters ■ Drug
production and trafficking ■ Vast amount of weapons and equipment left behind by the US and its allies in
Afghanistan. Officials said the meeting will look at evolving a “regional security architecture” to deal with
these challenges, arising out of the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan. ( भारत तथा अन्य देशों के राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा सचिवों के बीच दिल्ली में
मंत्रणा जिस पर तालिबानी आतंकवादी हथियार और नशीले द्रव्यों की तस्करी तथा अमेरिकी सेना द्वारा छोड़ दिए गए शस्त्रों के चलते होने वाली समस्याओं पर चर्चा होगी। पाकिस्तान
और चीन के राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा सचिव इस परिषद में नहि हाज़िरी दे रहे और तालिबान को बुलाया नहीं गया है)
- FUMIO KISHIDA was reelected as Japan's prime minister
- Appointment: Navy Admiral: R Hari Kumar will replace Admiral Karambir Singh

- Padma Vibhushan 2021: (7)- Shri Shinzo Abe - Public Affairs - Japan, Shri S P Balasubramaniam
(Posthumous) - Art - Tamil Nadu, Dr. Belle Monappa Hegde - Medicine - Karnataka, Shri Narinder Singh
Kapany (Posthumous) - Science and Engineering - United States of America, Maulana Wahiduddin Khan -
Others - Spiritualism - Delhi, Shri B. B. Lal Others - Archaeology (RamJanma Bhoomi) - Delhi, Shri Sudarshan
Sahoo - Art - Odisha
- padmashree 2021: Matha B Manjamma Jogati, a transgender folk dancer from Karnataka

- PRESIDENT RAM Nath Kovind presented the Padma awards-2020 on Monday and 2021. 2020’s list comprises
seven Padma Vibhushans, 10 Padma Bhushans and 102 Padma Shri awards. Among the personalities awarded
the Padma Vibhushan were BJP stalwarts Arun Jaitley and Sushma Swaraj, former Union minister George
Fernandes (all posthumously), and Hindustani classical singer Pandit Chhannulal Mishra. Badminton player P
V Sindhu won the Padma Bhushan award, along with Dr Anil Prakash Joshi for social work, Dr S C Jamir for
public affairs and Mumtaz Ali for spiritualism.

- Award: Vande Bharat Express from Delhi to Katra - to have only veg food and non-animal-fat based soaps
IRCTC can get Sattvik certificate from NGO Sattvic Council of India. IRCTC has decided to go for such
certification for some of the trains that go to “holy” destinations, starting with the Vande Bharat to Sri Mata
Vaishno Devi, Katra, in J&K. धार्मिक तीर्थ स्थानों पर जाने वाली अग्निरथ मे के वल शाकाहारी खाना और शाकाहारी साबुन परोसकर रेलवे की कं पनी सात्विक प्रमाण
पत्र हासिल करना चाहती है
- Award: Falguni Nayar becomes the second richest Indian businesswoman after Savitri Jindal. She founded
Nykaa e-commerce business dealing with beauty-fashion products.
- Salman Khurshid’s book, Sunrise over Ayodhya Nationhood in our Times

- Malayalam author Mukundan wins JCB Book Prize for his book Delhi: A Soliloquy. It is is the third translated
Malayalam book to win the JCB Book Prize. Previously, S Hareesh won for his book Moustache in 2020.
- Death of South African leader F.W. de Klerk, who along with Nelson Mandela got Nobel Peace Prize in 1994.
- Death: ROHINI NAYYAR- rural development economist, former principal adviser at the erstwhile Planning
Commission.
- Death: British Indian celebrity chef Gurpareet Bains dies at 43
- Wang Yaping becomes 1st Chinese woman to spacewalk from Chinese space station module named Tianhe
and spent 6.5 hours outside in the Space.
- Sports Award: President Ram Nath Kovind presents the Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award to javelin thrower
Neeraj Chopra, the Tokyo Olympics gold-medal winner.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Judge ends conservatorship overseeing Britney Spears’s life, finances by her father.

- Polity- Right to mother tongue: Punjab Learning of Punjabi and Other Languages Act, 2008 by the state
government for learning of Punjabi as a compulsory subject by students studying in classes 1 to 10, ELSE ₹2
lakh rupees fine on the school (पंजाब के स्कू लों में कक्षा १-१० तक पंजाबी मातृभाषा अनिवार्य रूप से नहीं पढ़ाई गई तो स्कू लों को दो लाख रुपया का जुर्माना
होगा)

- Polity: reservation in private sector jobs- 1) HARYANA GOVERNMENT notified 75 per cent reservation for
locals in private sector jobs offering a monthly salary of less than Rs 30,000, with effect from January 2022.
2) Karnataka and Maharashtra also planning similar laws. 😥 freedom of profession, right to move and reside
anywhere in India. 😥 Company cannot hire the best talented person due to such domiciled requirement. 😥
politicisation of the migrant issue instead of creating jobs for the youth. 😍 Nobel 2021 for Economics:
immigrants donot depress wages for native-born workers. He found that incomes of the native-born can
benefit from new immigration due to demand for goods and services by the immigrants. 30,000 से कम तनख़्वाह वाली
नौकरियों में स्थानीय लोगों को ७५% आरक्षण का हरियाणा सरकार का क़ानून जिसके विपक्ष में कु छ कर दिए गए हैं। क्योंकि ये भारतीयों के रोज़गार और स्थानांतर के मौलिक
अधिकारों के ख़िलाफ़ है और 2०21 के नोबेल पारितोषिक विजेता अर्थशास्त्रियों ने भी साबित किया है कि प्रवासी मज़दूरों से स्थानीय लोगों को भी फ़ायदा होता है

- Polity: Remote voting for migrant workers- Presently a citizen can vote only in the constituency where he is
registered as voter. Police/army/IFS et cetera maybe given postal ballot because they are posted away from
their constituency. Chief Election Commissioner said that concept of remote voting will be done by the 2024
elections i.e. migrant worker can vote remotely away from his home town constituency. EC & IIT-Madras
doing trials using Blockchain technology & a prototype EVM machine. ( प्रवासी मज़दूरों के लिए रिमोट वोटिंग/ दूरस्थान से मतदान के
परीक्षण चुनाव आयोग द्वारा किए जा रहे हैं)

- Polity-Governance: President of India has advised that GOVERNORS MUST cut down on visits to their home
and spend more time visiting Raj Bhavans of other states to ensure best practices are shared among them.
(राज्यपाल/गवर्नर अपने गृह राज्यों की मुलाक़ात पर जाते हैं तो उन्होंने दूसरे गवर्नर की भी शुभेच्छा मुलाक़ात लेनी चाहिए और एक दूसरे की अच्छी प्रशासनिक अनुभवो को साझा
करना चाहिए)

- GSM2 Polity: comparing Constitution- Chinese President had two years term limit but 2018: Xi JinPing
removed term limit. Latest meeting of the Communist party he is likely to get third term reappointment.
Communist party also release the declaration stating that he is the third most giant leader after Mao and
Deng (हालाँकि चीन में राष्ट्रपति का कार्यकाल दो बार तक सीमित था लेकिन शी जिनपिंग ने उस बाधा को हटा दिया था और अब वे तीसरी बार भी राष्ट्रपति बनेंगे)
- Polity: Combative federalism →General consent for CBI. 🤔 National Investigation Agency (NIA), which is
governed by The NIA Act, 2008, has jurisdiction across the country. But the CBI is governed by The Delhi
Special Police Establishment (DSPE) Act, 1946, and must mandatorily obtain the consent of the state
government concerned before beginning to investigate a crime in a state. The consent of the state
government can be either case-specific or general. 🤔 “general consent” is normally given by states to help
the CBI in seamless investigation of cases of corruption against central government employees in their
states. Almost all states have traditionally given such consent. 😥But Eight states have currently withdrawn
consent to the CBI: Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, and
Mizoram. 😥 So, CBI will not be able to register any fresh case involving officials of the central government
or a private person in the state without the consent of the state government. “CBI officers will lose all
powers of a police officer as soon as they enter the state unless the state government has allowed them. 🤔
Way Forward: 1) if somehow CBI can prove that case is connected with Delhi, then it can go to West Bengal
to arrest a person. 2) Union government could amend the law. (झगडालू संघवाद- बिना राज्य सरकार की अनुमति के CBI ने किसी राज्य
में लोगों के ख़िलाफ़ भ्रष्टाचार के मामलों में कार्रवाई नहीं कर सकती। कु छ ग़ैर BJP राज्यों ने इस प्रकार की अनुमति बंद कर दी है- ऐसे ही आरोप लगाकर की भाजपा द्वारा CBI
का राजनीतिक दुरुपयोग हो रहा है)

- Separation of powers/ Interstate boundary disputes: Both Andhra and Odisha government claimed
ownership of Kotia region. 2006: Supreme Court held that inter-state boundaries did not fall within its
jurisdiction and only Parliament could resolve them. But there has been no resolution since. 2021: Supreme
Court ordered both the states to resolve the matter by themselves. Separately, Assam-Mizoram police firing
& Deaths. 🤔Points to Reflect: Parliament should proactively fix this problems. ( दो राज्यों के बीच सीमा विवाद का हल के वल
संसद कर सकती है सुप्रीम कोर्ट नहीं ऐसा सुप्रीम कोर्ट का बोलना है)

- Polity-Judicial Delay1: 1997 Uphaar theatre fire tragedy killed 59 in audience →2021: nearly 25 years later
the owner Bansal brothers get 7 year jail. Reasons 1) Proper legal framework missing for fixing dual liability
in such manmade disasters— in civil law by granting compensation to victims and in criminal law by ensuring
the guilty are punished appropriately. 2) tempering with the evidences by the rich person to derail the
process. न्यायिक विलंब- सिनेमा घर में आग लगे तो पीड़ित को दीवानी मुआवज़ा और अपराधी को फौजदारी सज़ा मिलनी चाहिए इस बारे में क़ानूनी ढांचा कमज़ोर है और
अमीर लोग सबूतों से छेड़-छाड़ करते हैं

- Polity-Judicial Delay2: 1971: Sasadhar Biswas borrowed Rs 3,000 from Rama Devi. But he didn’t repay the
loan. 2021: SC delivered verdict after 50 years! Because Sasadhar Biswas Loopholes in Civil Procedure Code
1908 to continue status quo by filing appeals against every verdict to auction his land, illegally constructing a
house on the land etc. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) justice hurried is justice buried 2) justice delayed is justice
denied. 3) filling up the vacancies of the judges alone will not solve the problem as long as civil procedure
code is amended to discourage such loopholes/delays. उधारी में दिए गए 3000 रुपये लौटाने के के स में पचास साल बाद सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने
फ़ै सला सुनाया है। तो ज़्यादा न्यायाधीशों की भर्ती इस समस्या का समाधान नहीं जब तक क़ानून में ही इस प्रकार की छेदों को बंद किया जाए जिससे वक़ील बार बार मामले की
अपील में जाते रहते हैं
- HC Judges “Punishment” transfer: Article 222 of the Constitution makes provision for the transfer of a
Judge (including Chief Justice) from one High Court to any other High Court. But, as per SC judgements- No
transfer order can be issued by the President without the advice of the chief justice of India. So Supreme
Court collegium decides the selection/transfer matters of HC Judges. Controversy- Madras High Court has
total 75 judges and Meghalaya High Court has four judges. So, when a judge of Madras High Court is
transferred to Meghalaya High Court, some persons, consider it as a punishment posting to a less significant
HC. 😥Controversy: 2019- Madras HC Justice Tahilramani was transferred to Meghalaya then she resigned.
2021: Justice Sanjib Banerjee, Chief Justice, Madras HC, to Meghalaya HC. He was in news because of
certain judgements - 1) against govt’s social media intermediary guidelines 2) against Puducherry BJP
accessed voters’ phone numbers linked to their Aadhaar cards. 3) Against EC officials must be “booked for
murder” for organising polls in Corona wave 2.0- SC observed that HCs must be cautious in censuring
officials. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) some judges argue that no High Court is inferior and therefore there is no
punishment posting, a judge must be ready to serve anywhere in the country! If everyone refuses to serve in
Meghalaya then how will Meghalaya High Court work!? 2) since the process to remove/dismiss a judge is very
lengthy and cumbersome, so sometimes SC collegium resort to transfer the person. ( सजा के रूप में हाईकोर्ट के जज का
तबादला)

- Polity-Legislature: RS Secretary General is appointed by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha from amongst those
who have made their mark by long years of service in the Parliament or State Legislatures or the Civil
Service. Usual practice is to appoint a law expert. 😥 existing secretary general Replaced within 2 months by
an Ex-IRS officer who is accused of being pro-BJP. (राज्य सभा के महासचिव दो महीने में बदल कर एक भूतपूर्व IRS अफ़सर को नियुक्त किया गया
उस पर विवाद चल रहा है)

- Governance/ pressure groups: NSA Doval Speech: new frontier of war or fourth generation warfare is civil
society” since conventional wars have ceased to become an effective instrument for achieving political or
military objectives because conventional wars tend to be very expensive. When the civil society that can be
subverted, suborned, that can be divided, that can be manipulated to hurt the interest of a nation । (सिविल
सोसाइटी, पर्यावरण किसान के नागरिक अधिकार इत्यादि के दबावसमूह ही युद्ध नीति की चौथी पीढ़ी है। क्योंकि पारंपरिक युद्ध बहूत ही महँगा होता है इसलिए आज कल शत्रु देश
सिविल सोसायटी के माध्यम से माहौल बिगाड़ने की कोशिश कर रहे हैं। CAA/Farm Law protest मैं हिंसा क्या इस तरफ़ इशारा कर रही है? )

- Secularism: Comparing Constitution: Bangladesh-1979 General Zia-ur-Rehman got the constitution amended
in to remove the word “secularism”. His Successor General Ershad declared Islam as the “state religion” in
Bangladesh. 2011: Sheikh Hasina restored “secularism” in the constitution. Because of so many decades of
radicalisation certain groups have become very strong. Present crisis of destruction of Hindu temples. ( बांग्लादेश
के संविधान में एक धर्मनिरपेक्ष शब्द हटाया गया था फिर वापस लाया भी गया था)
- Sci/Heath: Diabetes is broadly of two predominant types type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes
generally afflicts young children, but can also affect adolescents and even adults. Earlier it was referred to
as juvenile diabetes as it mostly affected children. Type 1 diabetes is an auto-immune disorder where the
beta cells, which produce insulin in the pancreas, are destroyed by antibodies against the beta cells. Type 1
diabetes constitutes a small but challenging percentage of the diabetes population, roughly in the range of
5-10 per cent. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes is the more common type of diabetes and since it often
occurred in adults over the age of 40, it was popularly known as 'maturity onset diabetes', though there is
nothing mature in developing diabetes. Today, type 2 diabetes is even being seen in children as young as 10-
12 years due to the steep rise in obesity among them. Type 2 diabetics often have a strong family history of
the disease coupled with a poor lifestyle. World Diabetes Day was first celebrated in 1991 by the
International Diabetes Federation and the World Health Organisation to raise awareness in response to rising
diabetes rates worldwide. November 14 marks the birthday of Sir Frederick Banting, who, along with Charles
Best, discovered insulin a 100 years ago in 1922, in Toronto, Canada. This day also coincides with Children's
Day. मधुप्रमेह कि विभिन्न प्रकार

- ANNUAL Leonids Meteor Shower- happens in November. Meterors come from a small comet called
55P/Tempel-Tuttle in the constellation Leo. This constellation Leo takes 33 years to orbit the sun. The
Leonids Meteors are also called fireballs and earthgazer meteors. Fireballs, because of their bright colours,
and earthgazer, because they streak close to the horizon. Every 33 years, a Leonid shower turns into a
meteor storm. A meteor storm should have at least 1,000 meteors per hour. उल्का वर्षा
- Odisha state’s only millet cafe in Keonjhar district Collectorate office with help of the women self-help
group to sell an array of milletbased food products.

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Explained series When can PSU bank staff be probed for NPAs? We finished the thing yesterday
for the technical guidelines are not important for the scope of exam । maximum utility is one liner in the
bigger general topic of how to reduce non-performing asset?

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ RBI’S committee on asset reconstruction companies (ARCs) has recommended that ARCs should
be allowed to participate in the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) process as a resolution applicant
either through a security receipt (SR) trust or through an AIF (alternative investment fund) sponsored by
them. All the technical reports of all the RBI committees are not important

- FINANCE Ministry’s staff accountability framework for NPA (non-performing asset) accounts up to Rs 50
crore in PSBs from 1/4/2022. If PSB Banker took bonafide business decisions to pass loan but it turned NPA
then banker will be protected from undue inquiries/harassment by 3Cs — CBI (Central Bureau of
Investigation), CVC (Central Vigilance Commission) and CAG (Comptroller and Auditor General). Previously
the fear of 3C was discouraging the public sector bank managers from sanctioning big loans (in the aftermath
of TBS, Mallya, Nirav Modi). Bankers had become extremely cautious and risk averse even in case of bonafide
corporate loans. This resulted in stalling credit deployment harming economic growth. ( सरकारी बैंक और लोन पास करने
से डरते हैं क्योंकि उन्हें तो CBI, CVC, CAG की कार्रवाई का डर लगता है तो अब वित् मंत्रालय ने कु छ नए दिशा निर्देश जारी किए हैं ताकि ईमानदारी से लिए गए फै सलों में
अगर लोन का पैसा वापस न आए तो ईमानदार बैंकर पर अनावश्यक रूप से कोई कार्रवाई न हो)

- RESERVE Bank’s Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) framework: to supervise banks. Banks will be classified on
risk threshold and accordingly RBI can punish them. BEFORE- 3 criteria for monitoring: (BASEL) Capital, asset
quality (NPA), return on assets (Profitability). REFORM FROM 2022: 3 criteria for monitoring: Capital, asset
quality and leverage. (Meaning “return on assets” is removed). 2) Payments banks and small finance banks
(SFBs) removed from the PCA monitoring list. (रिज़र्व बैंक की त्वरित सुधार कार्यवाही ढांचे में 2022 से कु छ बदलाव किए जाएंगे.)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ HOME MINISTER Amit Shah launched Ayushmaan CAPF scheme healthcare scheme for the
personnel of the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) and their families. Already covered in Mrunal’s Win21
Series Pillar1D. https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21csp-economy-pillar1d-insurance-pension/
56V7XF2H (https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21csp-economy-pillar1d-insurance-pension/56V7XF2H)
(ये हम लोग पहले ही पढ चुके हैं)

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Cairn Energy PLC has agreed to drop litigations to seize Indian properties in countries ranging
from France to the UK as it has accepted the Indian government's offer to settle tax dispute relating to the
levy of taxes retrospectively. DONE IN Mrunal’s Win21 series last lecture. REF:
https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21-economy-final-roundup-b4-prelims-endgame/PSEWT7AG
(https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-win21-economy-final-roundup-b4-prelims-endgame/PSEWT7AG)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ GST collection surges to Rs 1.30 lakh cr in Oct, 2nd highest ever Very much in line with trend in
economic recovery. + uski explained Series- Let the next year's economic survey come.

- Petrol diesel price cut: First time cut in 3 years: Petrol excise duty down by Rs 5/litre, diesel by Rs
10/litre. New prices in Delhi: Petrol 110, Diesel 98. Reason for tax cutting: 1) GST collection improved so
Excise could be ⬇️without hurting poverty welfare schemes 2) UP Election 3) farmer diesel generator usage
in Rabi/winter season. (उत्तर प्रदेश चुनाव से पहले कें द्र सरकार ने पेट्रोल डीज़ल के उत्पाद शुल्क में की कटौती)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ INCOME Tax Department has rolled out a new Annual Information Statement (AIS) which
includes additional categories of information.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ US Taper set to begin: US Fed unveils bond-buying plan. We’ll see it in Mrunal’s Win22 series
free lectures next year.

- GSM3/Agro Transport Issues: THE RAILWAYS has raised a red flag over the rising operational costs of its
Kisan Rail service which gives 50% subsidy for farmers for transportation of their produce, Rail ministry has
told the food processing ministry that they will require at least three times the funding allotted. Points to
reflect: 😍 Positive: agro production growing, more and more agriculture produce is getting transported /
exported through railway. 😥 Negative / way forward : 1) should do better financial planning 2) encourage
inland waterways 3) avoid excessive populism. (रेलवे मंत्रालय की कृ षि रेल जहाँ पर कृ षि उपज के परिवहन पर सब्सिडी दी जाती है हालाँकि सब्सिडी
का पैसा अब कम पड़ रहा है यानी कि भारत का कृ षि उत्पादन पहले से ज़्यादा बढ़ा है, और उसे रेलवे द्वारा भेजा जा रहा है। किन्तु साथ ही साथ अंतर्देशीय जलमार्ग परिवहन को
भी प्रोत्साहन देना चाहिए और अनावश्यक रूप से लोक लुभावन में ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा सस्ते दामों पर रेलवे को नहीं चलाना चाहिए। )

- INDIA’S INFORMAL economy has shrunk to around 15-20 per cent of the formal GDP as against 52 per cent
three years ago following the adoption of GST, enhanced digitalisation, and demonetisation, says SBI report,
although some critics disagree with this. (भारत की GDP में अनौपचारिक क्षेत्र का हिस्सा कम हुआ है और औपचारिककरण बढ़ा है GST, डिजिटल
भुगतान, नोट बंदी के चलते )

- In offshore oil/gas fields it is extract oil and gas. If ONGC partners with foreign players with the requisite
technology and expertise →it could help boost production and recoveries from such fields. So, PETROLEUM
Ministry has asked state-owned Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) to consider offering up to a 60 per
cent stake and operating rights over parts of key Mumbai High and Bassein and Satellites (B&S) oil and gas
producing fields to foreign companies to boost production. ( सरकार ने ONGC को कहा है कि बॉम्बे हाई में अब विदेशी कं पनियों के साथ
सहयोग भागीदारी करें ताकि ज़्यादा ऑयल गैस का खनन हो सके )
- Suggestion for creation of an Ministry of Energy to oversee the currently siloed verticals of the ministries of
petroleum, coal, renewables and power.
- UNION EDUCATION Ministry is keen to restart schools because 1) over 92 per cent teaching staff received at
least one dose of the coronavirus vaccine. 2) if schools are not a reopened then “the levels of dropout
and/or disengagement from school will be high 3) ⏫ malnutrition among poor children who are not getting
mid-day meal due to closed schools. 4) many states have already started schools, except Manipur and West
Bengal (शिक्षा मंत्रालय ने विभिन्न राज्य सरकारों पर ज़ोर दे रहा है कि जल्द से जल्द स्कू ल वापस शुरू किए जाएं क्योंकि 90 प्रतिशत से ज़्यादा शिक्षकों ने कम से कम कोरोना
की एक खुराक/ टीका ले लिया है। अधिक समय तक स्कू ल बंध रहने पर ग़रीब बच्चे बाल मज़दूरी में भेज दिए जाएं, और कु पोषण की समस्या बढ़ती हैं क्योंकि उन्हें स्कू ल में न जाने
के कारण मध्याह्न भोजन योजना का लाभ नहीं मिल रहा।)

- MGNREGA problems highlighted by civil society groups: 😥 1) insufficient allocation and delayed payments.
2021: Out of the total allocation of Rs 73,000 crore, over Rs 17,000 crore will be used just to pay off the
payments to rural poor for the work they did in the last financial year. 😥 2) DEMAND SUPPRESSION: as per
MGNREGA Act: A) work should be provided within 15 days of demanding it, failing which the workers are
entitled to an unemployment allowance. B) workers should be paid within 15 days of completion of work,
failing which they are entitled to compensation for the delays. But neither A or B implemented in letter and
spirit in real life so. Consequently poor people migrate to urban areas even if less wages available- because
they feel that in the private sector employer will at least pay on monthly basis and they will not have to wait
for the entire year! 😥 3) CASTE-BASED PAYMENT DELAYS: March 2021, the Centre came out with a circular
asking state governments to send three separate bills for money release a) SC, b) ST, c) Other categories.
Critics argue that i) it increases the workload of lower bureaucracy in the paper document preparation ii)
worker from non-SC/ST not getting payment on time (perhaps because govt doesn’t have enough money to
pay everyone on time so priority given to SC/ST workers)→ resulting in the caste-based tension at job site.
(मनरेगा योजना में तीन बड़ी समस्याएं- १) वक़्त पर मज़दूर भुगतान नहीं किया जाता २) वक्त पर काम नहीं दिया जाता और बेरोज़गारी भत्ता भी नहीं दिया जाता, जिसके चलते
मज़दूर शहरों में चले जाते हैं बड़े वहाँ तनख़्वाह कम मिलती है क्योंकि कम से कम वक़्त भी तो मिल जाती है ३) कें द्र सरकार ने नया नियम बनाया कि राज्यों ने तीन अलग अलग
दस्तावेज़ भेजने होंगे एससी, एसटी और अन्य समुदाय के भुगतान के लिए। आलोचक बता रही है की इस प्रकार के कागज़ी वर्गीकरण के बाद ग़ैर एससी-ग़ैर-ST मज़दूरों को देरी से
भुगतान किया जाता है (क्योंकि सरकार के पास पैसा कम है), इसके चलते गाँव में जाति आधारित तनाव बढ़ रहा है।

- Glasgow Leaders’ Declaration on Forests and Land Use by the United Kingdom to "halt deforestation" and
land degradation by 2030. 😍 It requires countries to act on forest conservation in the interconnected areas
of production and consumption; infrastructure development; trade; finance and investment. 😍 leaders who
signed the declaration represent over 85% of the world's forests and 12 countries have committed 12 billion
dollars in public funds from 2021-25, to protect and restore forests. 😍 This funding will include a 1.5 billion
dollar fund to protect the Congo Basin --home to the secondlargest tropical rainforest in the world. It has
105 signatories including the UK, US, Russia and China. 😥 But India, Argentina, Mexico, Saudi Arabia and
South Africa did not sign the declaration. 🤔 India’s stand: remove the word “trade” because it is more
suited to be dealt with the World Trade Organisation. 🤔 Why India took such stand? Perhaps Apprehension
that taking excuse of such declarations, first world nations may start charging more taxes on Indian exports
citing they have been produced in the deforested area. ( वन और भूमि इस्तेमाल पर ग्लासगो नेताओं की घोषणा: विभिन्न देशों की सरकारों ने
उत्पादन उपभोग बुनियादी अवसंरचना निर्माण व्यापार निवेश इत्यादि के वक़्त वन संवर्द्धन का ख़याल रखना होगा। इसमें ब्रिटेन अमरीका रूस चाइना जैसे सौ से अधिक देशों ने
हस्ताक्षर किए ली थी लेकिन भारत अर्जेंटीना मैक्सिको सऊदी अरब दक्षिण अफ़्रीका इत्यादि ने हस्ताक्षर नहीं किए क्योंकि भारत को एतराज़ है कि इस घोषणा के व्यापार शब्द का
ज़िक्र नहीं होना चाहिए व्यापार के मसले के बल विश्व व्यापार संगठन के समझौतों के हिसाब से होनी चाहिए। शायद भारत सरकार को ऐसा डर लगता है कि इस प्रकार की संधि और
घोषणाओं द्वारा भविष्य में भारतीय सामान के निर्यात पर प्रथम विश्व के देश और ज़्यादा टैक्स लगाएंगे कि ये जंगल को काटकर बनाई फै़क्टरी का सामान है।)
- COP26, Glasgow: Modi’s Panchamrit five big-ticket announcements at the climate change summit COP26 in
Glasgow 1) renewable energy capacity by 2030 to be 500 GW (Earlier 450GW) 2) non-fossil fuel energy in
India’s total energy mix to be 50% by 2030 (previously this target was 40%). 3) emissions intensity, or
emissions per unit GDP, will be reduced by at least 45 per cent by the year 2030 from the 2005 levels.
(previously this target was 33 to 35%) 4) a net-zero emissions target by 2070. means all man-made GHG
emissions must be removed from atmosphere through absorption in processes like photosynthesis or physical
removal 5) REDUCE TOTAL projected carbon emissions by 1 bn tonnes from now to 2030. This is the first time
India has made absolute quantity target. (ग्लास्गो जलवायु परिवर्तन परिषद में प्रधानमंत्री मोदी की महत्वपूर्ण घोषणाएँ- पुनर्नवीनीकरण ऊर्जा का उत्पादन
बढ़ाया जाएगा और GDP की उत्सर्जन तीव्रता को कम किया जाएगा और उत्सर्जन को शुद्ध रूप से 0 किया जाएगा.)

- “Lithium is one of the very few elements that is not used by biology or plants at all (unlike). So signals from
growing or dying plants don’t affect lithium. So, basically, Li is a tracer that only is affected by weathering
and nothing else. (पशु पक्षी और वृक्षों के जीने मरने से फॉस्फोरस नाइट्रोजन ऑक्सिजन कार्बन इत्यादि तत्वों की मात्रा में वृद्धि यह गिरावट हो सकती है लेकिन लीथियम
ऐसा नहीं है।)

- Newzealand’s Longtailed bat also known as pekapeka-tou-roa , which is among the most endangered
species in the world. New Zealand private organisation voted this bad as the “best bird of the year” even
though Bat is not a bird but a mammal but they wanted to highlight the need for its conservation । चमगादड़
स्तनधारी होते हैं पक्षी नहीं

- IRIS for Small Islands’ infra in climate change → INDIAN SPACE Research Organisation (ISRO) will create a
special “data window” for small island nations’ satellite data that will help these countries to strengthen
their fences against climate disasters. . So far, 26 countries, along with some UN agencies, multilateral
development banks, and financial institutions, have become part of the IRIS coalition

- CDRI & IRIS- 2019: Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) started by India to climate-proof
critical infrastructure in member countries. Twenty-six countries, including the US, Germany, UK, Australia,
Brazil, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, and Japan are already part of the coalition. The
coalition will not create any new infrastructure — rather, it will serve as a ‘knowledge centre’ for member
countries to share best practices. 2021: implement the ideas of CDRI, a new program launched Infrastructure
for Resilient Island States or IRIS to secure and strengthen critical infrastructure in small island states against
climate disasters such as sea level rise, floods, heat, cyclones, forest fires, and rain. several small island
states have lost 9 per cent of their GDPs in single disasters during the last few years. ( जलवायु परिवर्तन मैं भी टिकाऊ
क़िस्म की बुनियादी अवसंरचना बनाने के लिए CDRI संगठन की स्थापना अब उसे विचार को आगे बढ़ाने के लिए और छोटे टापू की मदद के लिए IRIS संगठन बनाया जा रहा
है)

- INTERGOVERNMENTAL Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recently warned that unless serious reductions in
emissions are made, average global temperatures by 2100 would breach the 2°C mark compared to
preindustrial times. International team has studied a global temperature rise- About 56 million years ago,
during a period known as the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), the Earth experienced a natural
period of global warming by 8 Degree celcius triggered by a volcanic eruption. It took 20,000 to 50,000 years
for the climate to stabilise. (एक बार जलवायु परिवर्तन के चलते यदि तापमान बढ़ जाए तो उसे वापस सामान्य स्थिति में आने में 20,000- पचास हज़ार वर्ष
लग सकते हैं ऐसा एक रिसर्च से पाया गया है)
- Climate Café concept was started in 2018 by Rebecca Nestor of the UK-based Climate Psychology Alliance.
In Kerala also similar meeting programmes organised for creating awareness among people
- Global warming → ⏫carbon dioxide reacted with the water, forming carbonic acid, → 1) Ocean
acidification an extension of ocean species 2) Carbonic acid accelerates the weathering & erosion process.
Although later on such increases in weathering would have supported enhanced carbon burial, as both
carbonate and organic carbon, thereby stabilizing climate,” ( वैश्विक तापमान बढ़ने पर कार्बन डायॉक्साइड पानी के साथ ज़्यादा रासायनिक
क्रिया करके कार्बोनिक एसिड बनाता है जिसके चलते समंदर में ज़्यादा एसिडिटी बढ़ती है और कई जीव मर जाते हैं। यह कार्बोनिक एसिड अपक्षय और क्षरण को तेज करता है,
हालाँकि लंबी अवधि तक ऐसा होने पर ही जलवायु तापमान को वो स्थिर करता है)

- Right to Pets: Residents’ associations pass bylaws to prevent owners from keeping pet animals in their flats.
Kerala HC said this is against Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act and the principles recognised under the
Constitution. But such right to keep Pets cannot be absolute. Residents' associations may stipulate
reasonable conditions that must be adhered to by owners while keeping pets (e.g. cleanliness, noise) ( यदि किसी
हाउसिंग सोसाइटी के रिहाइशी लोगों के संगठन द्वारा ऐसा नियम बनाया जाए कि कोई भी व्यक्ति पालतू जानवर नहीं रख सकता तो वो बस पशु अत्याचार प्रतिबंधन क़ानून और
संवैधानिक प्रावधानों का उल्लंघन होगा ऐसा के रला हाईकोर्ट ने पाया हालाँकि पालतू जानवर रखने का अधिकार निरपेक्ष नहीं है रिहायशी लोगों का संगठन इस पर औचित्य पूर्ण बंधन
लगा सकता है जैसे कि जानवर का शोरगुल और उसके शौच की मालिक द्वारा साफ़ सफ़ाई के नियम)

- Ethics: METOO in China: PENG SHUAI, a professional tennis star, publicly accused a former vice premier of
China of sexual assault but her online post was removed within minutes, Searches of her name and even the
word “tennis” appeared to be blocked. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) METOO originated as a social media
movement, but when social media itself is regulated with iron hand, it becomes difficult to raise voice.
Because Print-newspapers a restricted by their word space limit, legal restrictions and advertisement
revenue considerations to air grievances of every single individual. 2) Economic growth and poverty removal
is not panacea to stop gender violence. Previously similar problem in Alibaba company. ( चीन की एक पेशेवर टेनिस महिला
खिलाड़ी ने चीन के वाइस प्रीमियर पर बलात्कार का आरोप लगाया हालाँकि कु छ ही क्षणों में इंटरनेट से उसकी वो पोस्ट भी हटा दी गई और उस महिला के बारे में चीन मे कु छ भी
ऑनलाइन सर्च किया जाए तो सरकारी तंतर् द्वारा उस सर्च को ब्लॉक कर दिया गया है। मी टू मुहिम सोशल मीडिया से बढ़ी थी लेकिन जब सरकार
ही सोशल मीडिया पर सख़्ती कर दे तो एकल महिला अपनी बात रख नहीं सकती क्योंकि अख़बार में जगह की समस्या होती है तो हरेक मामले को वो छाप नहीं सकते। २) आर्थिक
वृद्धि और ग़रीबी निवारण अपने आप में लेंगिक हिंसा रोकने का रामबाण इलाज नहीं है वरना तो अलीबाबा कं पनी में भी ऐसा नहीं होना चाहिए)

- Ethics: Public morality & Media trial. After LPG reforms 1) girls talking to boys outside their family circle is
not frowned upon. 2) Woman wearing Western clothes in movies, is not necessarily the Vamp. 3) more liberal
/open attitude towards drinking and smoking and non-veg food. 4) more liberal attitude towards teenagers’
roaming in night, partying etc. 5) Normalisation of swearing, adultery, homosexuality,
Rowdism/gundaai/tashan in web series/movies. Although in the SRK son Aryan Khan case social media is
going back to the regressive days, “Why Girl Ananya is talking to Boy Aryan on WhatsApp about partying and
drugs? and even if Aryan not taking drugs still why did he go on Cruz Party without parents? this is bad
parenting by fathers SRK & Chunkey Pandey.” (LPG सुधार के बाद सार्वजनिक नैतिकता की मानदंडों में बदलाव आया है। लड़के लड़कियों की घुलने
मिलने पर, पार्टी करने पर, शराब धूम्रपान करने पर, पहले से ज़्यादा उदारवादी रवैया है हालाँकि फ़िल्मी सितारों के बच्चों के मामले मे सोशल मीडिया वापस रूढ़िवादी मानदंडो पर
उनके आचरण का मूल्यांकन शुरू कर रहा है।

- Ethics: value system of urban middle class / urban feudalism: In Corona domestic help, cooks, drivers,
hawkers and daily-wage workers- their salaries frozen, removed from jobs, forced to return to village. 2)
middle class has enjoyed the comfort in Corona because of the smartphone boom: E-learning, online food
and grocery delivery. 3) Being a citizen is a secondary act, asserting consumer rights our primary profile. 4)
India has to be swachh but that responsibility is in the hands of the lower class and castes ( कोरोना के दौरान मध्यम वर्ग
की मानसिकता/ मूल्य व्यवस्था में शहरी सामंतवाद दिख rha हे जिसे ग़रीब और मज़दूरों की परवाह नहीं)
- GSM4- Bench vs Bar: Rajkot principal district judge came to know about certain instances of lower is
misbehaving with judges. So, he ordered all the judges under his jurisdiction to record any misdemeanour by
any advocate in a manner not consistent with the prestige of the court”. Rajkot Bar Association complained
against such circular to the Gujarat High Court citing 1) this order is disrespectful to the advocates 2) why
doesn't the order talk about the misbehaviour by the judges? 3) judge has acted unilaterally without
consulting the bar. This has the potential to sour the cordial relationship between the Bar and Bench. As the
High Court judge how many what does this petition? (राजकोट में वक़ील की बतमीजी ए के मामलों को देखते हुए कि मुख्य जिला न्यायाधीश ने
एक परिपत्र जारी किया कि सभी आधिन न्यायधीशों ने वकीलों की बदसलूकी का रेकर्ड उन्हें भेजना होगा। राजकोट बार संग इससे नाराज़ है कि ऐसा क्यों कहा जा रहा है कि वक़ील
बदसलूकी करते हैं जबकि जज भी तो बदसलूकी कर सकते हैं! हम से चर्चा विमर्श किए इस प्रकार का परिपत्र जारी करना बार एसोसिएशन और न्यायपीठ के बीच रिश्तों को खट्टा
कर सकता है। हाई कोर्ट न्यायाधीश के रूप में अब इस मामले में क्या करेंगे?)

- GSM4/Medical Ethics: Mumbai Dr. knew that his wife had a fake medical degree. Yet he allowed her to
work in his clinic. While diagnosing any patient wife would send WhatsApp message asking husband for
guidance! Police trying to arrest him based on this WhatsApp chat as evidence. Sessions court has denied bail
to Dr looking at the WhatsApp chat. (In separate case, SRK son lawyers arguing WhatsApp chats are not
admissible in court) (मुंबई में एक डॉक्टर जिसे पता था कि उसकी पत्नी का डॉक्टर का सर्टिफ़िके ट फ़र्ज़ी है फिर भी उसे अपने क्लीनिक में काम करने देता था क्योंकि
डॉक्टर पत्नी को वास्तव में तो कु छ नहीं आता था तो हर मरीज़ की जाँच करते वक़्त वो वॉट्सऐप मैसेज से अपने पति को पूछ पूछकर दवाइयां दिखती थी पुलिस ने इस प्रकार की
वॉट्सऐप चैट को सुबूत मानते हुए गिरफ़्तारी शुरू की तो डॉक्टर पति अदालत में गया लेकिन अदालत ने उसको ज़मानत नहीं दी इन वॉट्सऐप चैट को देखते हुए। दूसरी तरफ़
शाहरुख़ ख़ान के शौर्यविर बेटे के वक़ील बोल रहे हैं की कोर्ट ने वाट्सएप चैट का संज्ञान नहीं लेना चाहिए)

- Ethics: Media Trial vs Journalistic Ethics vs right to Bail: NCB leaking WhatsApp screenshot chats of film
actress Ananya promising to supply drugs to star kid Aryan Khan. This was selectively leaked in media at a
crucial time just before the bail hearing. Critics argue 1) it could put pressure on the judge not to give bail
because of the public perception against the accused 2) Even if the person is innocent she/he cannot reclaim
the reputation back. 3) NCB not officially released them. This has been leaked to selectively by insider.
Therefore some of the media houses (NDTV) did not showcase the exact screenshots. Question: if you are TV
news channel editor will you show case such spicy screenshots or NOT? (शाहरुख़ सुपुत्र आर्यन ख़ान की ज़मानत की सुनवाई की एक
दम पहले ही पुलिस द्वारा मीडिया में वाट्सएप चैट के स्क्रीन शॉट लीक किए गए जिसके चलते १) सोशल मीडिया पर जनता पहले से मन बना लेती है कि ये लोग अपराधी है और
इस जज पर भी दबाव बनता है कि यदि वे ज़मानत दे देंगे तो सोशल मीडिया जज को पसंद नहीं करेगा। 2) यदि व्यक्ति निर्दोष भी हो तो भी हमेशा के लिए लोगों की नज़रों में
बदनाम रहता है. इसलिए मीडिया ट्रायल से बचने के लिए कु छ न्यूज़ चैनलों ने इसे नहीं देखा यदि आप न्यूज़ चैनल के सम्पादक होते तो क्या करते?)
- Ethics: Juvenile Delinquency : Highway rural teenagers throw stones on the passing vehicle resulting in
accident and damage to the windshield. Police is having difficulty in a resting because the highway is very
long and not possible to continuously monitor it through CCTV/Drones due to budget funding constrains.
Superintendent of the police (SP) visits the village elders asking for help in nabbing those teens. Village
elders say 1) because the schools have been shut down so these teenagers are passing time like this.
Government itself is responsible. 2) teenagers also go to work in farms near highway, they do not have big
aspirations in life so they're only bringing their frustration against rich people driving luxury cars on
highways. 3) if you arrest any kid from our village, we’ll throw more stones/lock this road. As SP what will
you do? (गाँव के किशोर हाईवे पर गुज़रने वाली गाड़ियों पर पत्थरबाज़ी करते हैं जिससे सड़क पर एक्सीडेंट दुर्घटनाएँ हो रही है। ग्रामीण पुलिस के पास इतना बजट नहीं कि
CCTV और ड्रोन से निगरानी रख सके । एस पी के रूप में आपका गाँव के बड़े बुजुर्गों से मिलते हैं तो ताकि उन बदमाश किशोरों को पकड़ा जा सके लेकिन बुजुर्गों का ये कहना है
कि स्कू ल कॉलेज बंद होने के चलते ये बच्चे ऐसा कर रहे हैं। इनमें से ज़्यादातर नज़दीकी खेतों में मज़दूरी करने के लिए जाते हैं और सड़क से अमीरों की गुज़रती गाड़ी को देखके
उन्हें रोष/ग़ुस्सा आता है ये सब हमारे पास क्यों नहीं है? इसलिए वो पत्थर फें कते हैं। अगर आप हमारे बच्चों को पकड़ेंगे तो हम भी धरना प्रदर्शन करेंगे और सड़कों पर पत्थर फें के
और सड़क की नाकाबंदी भी करेंगे। अब आप एसपी के रूप में क्या करेंगे?)

- Ethics: juvenile Delinquency / Overfeasance- Police arrested 2 teens held for throwing lit firecracker at
petrol pump under IPC sections 285 and 286 (negligent conduct) and 336 (endangering human life or personal
safety). Local political leaders demand 1) these teenagers could even have been part of a sleeper cell/Lone
wolf attack so They must be booked under UAPA/Terrorism charges. Because this could have resulted into a
blast! If not, at least booked them under IPC Section 308 (commit culpable homicide) If you do not do this
we will start protest against the police. 2) Parents should also be booked to set an example to other parents
to remain vigilant about their child behaviour. 3) Teenagers said that they did it for fun and there was no
other serious motive behind that act. 4) Parents defend ‘these are just doodh-pitaa-babushonas, they have
played mischief because of excessive PUBG Video games, violent web series like Mirzapur where rowdyism is
glorified as “TASHAN” so this is not our parenting fault, it is fault of Ministry of information and
broadcasting. Look at China they are trying to control such content!” As DCP what will you do? ( दो किशोर पेट्रोल पंप
पर जलता हुआ पटाखा फें क कर भाग गए हालाँकि CCTV फ़ु टेज के हिसाब से पुलिस ने उनको गिरफ़्तार किया और उन पर मनुष्य की जान और संपत्ति को ख़तरा डालने की
धाराएँ लगायी है। 🤔 हालाँकि कु छ स्थानीय राजनीतिक समूह के पुलिस थाने पर आया है कि ये आतंकवाद, स्लीपर सेल, एकल-भेड़िया हमला भी हो सकता हे! आप इनको
आतंकवाद वाले यू॰ए॰पी॰ए॰ क़ानून की धाराएँ लगायिए, वरना कम से कम मानव वध का प्रयास ऐसी भारतीय दण्ड संहिता (IPC) की धारा लगायिए! अगर आप (पुलिस) ऐसा
नहीं करेंगे तो हम थाने के बाहर धरना देंगे 🤔 हालाँकि गिरफ़्तार किशोरों का कहना है वो तो बस मौज मस्ती के लिए ऐसा कर रहे थे वो किसी को मारना नहीं चाहते थे । उनके माँ
बाप भी पुलिस थाने पहुँच गए हैं कि हमारी बाबू शोनो को छोड़ दीजिए, PubG और मिर्ज़ापुर वेबसिरिज देखकर इनका दिमाग़ भ्रष्ट हो गया है लेकिन ये दिल से बुरे नहीं है, ये
किसी को मारना नहीं चाहते थे। इस पूरे मामले में आप DCP के रूप में क्या करेंगे?)
- Ethics: Role of TV Doctors Misinformation- Actor Puneeth Rajkumar did exercise in the gym then died in a
heart attack. TV channels are full of misinformation / misleading information such as 1) Young South Asians
(Indians, Pakistanis, Bangladeshis and Sri Lankans) are more at risk with heart attacks than other races. This
is statistically misleading because our youth population is higher compared to other races. 2) Should every
Indian male over the age of 40 get tested for heart disease. → this is also misleading because routine CT
scanning or echocardiography are not advised in individuals who do not have any symptoms. Such tests do
not prevent future heart attacks. It only increases the cost and may even result in some side-effects. 3)
Previously similar misinformation about Plasma therapy in Corona (ultimately found to be not so useful) &
Remdesivir excessive prescription and shortage. 😥 TV channels pedal such misinformation because 1)
boosting the business of hospitals in medical tests 2) panellists are not qualified to give professional medical
opinion e.g. cancer doctor giving heart advice 3) Anchors are recruited not for their knowledge but looks and
ability to shout. How will you address this as A) chairman of national medical commission and B) secretary
(IAS) of Ministry Of Information And Broadcasting. (दक्षिणी के फ़िल्म स्टार पुनीत राजकु मार की कसरत करने के बाद दिल के दौरे से मृत्यु पर TV
चैनल पर डिबेट के नाम पे आधी अधूरी स्वास्थ्य जानकारियां दी जा रही है। जैसे कि सभी पुरुषों ने CT स्कै न करवाना चाहिए, जबकि यदि आपको कोई शारीरिक पीड़ा नहीं हो
रही है तो अनावश्यक रूप से ऐसे ख़र्चे करने की कोई ज़रूरत नहीं। इससे पहले भी प्लाज़्मा थेरपी और रेमडेसिविर के नाम पर ऐसा ही सामूहिक पागलपन/डर का माहौल फै लाकर
हॉस्पिटल वाले बहुत पैसा छाप चुके हैं। कई बार इस प्रकार की TV चर्चा में शामिल डॉक्टर असल में इस रोग के विशेषज्ञ नहीं होते और न्यूज़ एंकर को भी उसकी ज्ञान या
परिपक्वता नहीं लेकिन ख़ूबसूरती और चिल्लाने की क्षमता पर नौकरी दी जाती है। नैशनल मेडिकल कमीशन के अध्यक्ष के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे? सूचना प्रसारण मंत्रालय के सचिव के
रूप में आप क्या करेंगे? )

- GSM4/BLM: India-Pak t20- Team India took knee for BLM→ social media protest that Hindu Muslim lives also
matter. India-NZ t20- Team India did not do it, what is the resulting in social media backlash that it is not
sensitive for the plight of the Black Lives Matter! (अभी गुटनेपे नहि बैठ रहे हैं तो भी विवाद हो रहा है!)

- GSM4/Ethics: corporate ethics → shareholder activism: 1) shareholders of Balaji Telefilms reject the
proposal of raising the salary of Ekta Kapoor. 2) ZEE company’s FDI investor Invests (American) trying to
replace the present board of directors citing incompetence. 😍1) Activist shareholders can exert the
necessary pressure on managements to ensure optimal governance, social environment and ethical
responsibilities, and protecting the minority shareholders interest. 😥2) However, in some cases, activism
could constitute a subterfuge for certain investors to pursue private battles with managements and
promoters, leaving other shareholders caught in the crossfire. e.g. Accession that Investco trying to replace
the board of directors, for helping Mukesh Ambani takeover Zee. ( शेयर होल्डर बन रहे हैं आंदोलनकारी/सक्रिय: बालाजी टेलीफ़िल्म्स में
एकता कपूर अपनी तनख़्वाह बढ़वाना चाहती थी लेकिन शेयरधारकों ने वोटिंग द्वारा उस प्रस्ताव को नामंज़ूर किया, की कं पनी का मुनाफ़ा तो बहुत ज़्यादा नहि बढ़ रहा तो तुम्हें
किस बात की ज़्यादा तनखा चाहिए? उसी तरह जी कं पनी के एक विदेशी निवेशक ने भी काफ़ी समय से आंदोलन शुरू किया है कि zee कम्पनी के प्रभावहीन बोर्ड ऑफ़
डायरेक्टरों को बदला जाए। शेयरधारकों का अपने अधिकारों के लिए इस तरह से सक्रिय होना अच्छी बात है ताकि कं पनी पर दबाव बना रहता है नैतिक रूप से कार्य करने का,
पर्यावरण और सामाजिक मूल्यों का जतन करने का । हालाँकि कभी कभी पर्दे के पीछे मामला कु छ और भी हो सकता है जैसे कि आरोप लग रहे हैं मुके श अंबानी के फ़ायदे के लीए
zee कम्पनी मे विदेशी निवेशक द्वारा धमाल करवाई जा रही है।)
- GSM4/Ethics: Lilavati Hospital (Mumbai) trustees accused of stealing ₹45 cr worth of valuables from the
trust which were given by the maharaja of Baroda. Previously Padmanabha Temple (Kerala) trustees in
controversy over missing gold from the temple. Points to reflect? 1) during the mediaeval time and British
time, Kings and merchants had donated large amount of Gold, artefacts to temples/trusts. Many of it is still
undocumented from the public records. And therefore unscrupulous elements made to siphon it otherwise it
could be used for the public welfare. (लीलावती हॉस्पिटल के ट्रस्टी और पद्मनाभ मंदिर के ट्रस्टी- तिजोरी मेन से स्वर्ण/सोने के ग़बन के विवादों में फँ से हैं।
मध्यकाल और ब्रिटिश युग में राजा महाराजा और बड़े व्यापारियों ने की मोटी मोटी रक़म सोने जवाहरात दान में दिए थे लेकिन उन सबका सरकारी दस्तावेजों में ज़िक्र शायद नहीं है
इसलिए इस प्रकार के ग़बन की अवसर बढ़ती है वरना ये सारा धन लोक कल्याण ने भी तो इस्तेमाल हो सकता था)

- GSM4/Police Ethics in 1st World Countries: 1) USA accusation of racial brutality by the White police officers
against the African Americans 2) UK: over 2000 police man facing charges of sexual harassment/rape get only
in 6% of the cases any punishment given. Last year police man raped & murdered a woman, resulting in
nationwide protests. 🤔 1) education and economic growth alone is not a Panacea. Otherwise first world
country should not be having this type of problems! 2) Prompt action against the accused police man
necessary. (यदि शिक्षा और आर्थिक वृद्धि ही रामबाण इलाज है तो अमेरिका में श्वेत पुलिस ने अश्वेतों पर अत्याचार नहीं करना चाहिए और इंग्लैंड की पुलिस अफ़सरों द्वारा
महिलाओं की यौन उत्पीड़न के लिए सुर्खियां नहीं बटोरनी चाहिए। तो ये पाया गया कि इंग्लैंड में हज़ार से ज़्यादा पुलिसकर्मियों पर यौन उत्पीड़न और बलात्कार के आरोप हैं लेकिन
उसमें से छह प्रतिशत को ही सज़ा हुई है यानी की दोषित पुलिसवालों पर जल्द से जल्द कार्रवाई होना ज़रूरी है तभी उनकी आचरण ज़्यादा नैतिक और ईमानदार होगा। पुलिस द्वारा
भ्रष्टाचार और सत्ता का दुरुपयोग के वल तीसरे विश्वयुद्ध और ग़रीब देशों की समस्या नहीं है। )

- GSM4-Sports Redtapism: Indian Express published a report that Indian women hockey coach Sjoerd Marijne,
yet to get salary from Sports Authority of India & Rs.25 lakh award from UP Govt. Afterwards Authorities said
“Coach has not returned the laptop so we cannot give the salary and if he does not return the laptop we will
file police case against him for data theft, since it contains enormous amounts of critical data on the Indian
players. This foreign coach is tarnishing the image of India by complaining about salary payment in
newspapers!” Coach living in Netherland says he has already initiated the process of sending back the
laptop, which had “crashed” in the middle of the Olympics. I brought it along with me to get it repaired but
that didn’t happen. I am returning the laptop, I have no problem with that. I do not know why they reacted
like this but I wish to make it clear that I meant no disrespect to anyone.” 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) The entire
episode could have been handled in a more civilised and sensible manner without doing drama in public.
Because ultimately no matter which party wins integrate the respect in public. 2) Typical sarkaari
redtapism/ bullyism about police complaint does not help attracting more foreign coaches in future. After
all, Coach could have copied the data in the hard disk Anytime. 3) similar attitude in the government
research organisation regarding salary and job promotion → Braindrain of talented Indians. As Secretary (IAS)
in department of personnel and training (DoPT) what will you do to improve the work culture in government
offices? (भारतीय महिला हॉकी टीम के विदेशी कोच ने अख़बार भी शिकायत की थी कि उसे अभी तक तनख्वा नहीं मिली और उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य सरकार ने जो २५ लाख
रुपये का ईनाम घोषित किया था वो भी नहीं मिला. अख़बार भी ऐसे समाचार देख के अधिकारी भड़क गए और चेतावनी दी है कि विदेशी कोच ने हमारा सरकारी लैपटॉप वापस नहीं
किया इसलिए उसकी तनख़्वाह वेतन रोकी जा रही है! और अगर वो लैपटॉप वापस नहीं करेगा तो हम पुलिस में शिकायत करेंगी. कोच का कहना है लैपटॉप बिगड़ गया था उसको
मरम्मत करवाकर में भेजने वाला हूँ। सोचने के विषय- पूरे मामले को ज़्यादा शांति और परिपवक्ता से संभाला जा सकता था। सरकारी बाबुओं के धाक धमकी और लाल फ़ीताशाही
वाले रवैये के चलते कच्चे विदेशी कोच को भारत में आकर्षित करना मुश्किल होता है और सरकारी शोध संस्थानों में भी तनख्वा और पदोन्नति के मामलों में कु छ ऐसे ही रवैये के
चलते विद्वान भारतीय देश छोड़ के चले जाते हैं. कार्मिक प्रशासन और तालीम विभाग के सचिव के रूप में अब सरकारी दफ्तरों में कार्य संस्कृ ति को बेहतर करने के लिए क्या क़दम
उठाएंगे?)
- GSM4/Ethics: Priests’ Conduct- 1) The Kerala church bishops wield great influence in the State’s politics
and economy. Sometimes in controversy for sexual harassment charges, land scams, collusion with political
parties, making communal statements like Narco-Jihad. 2) Tamilnadu some Bishops trying to run their
parallel medical colleges and trusts in personal capacity, which maybe later used for augmenting the
political capital of the Bishop. So, Vatican instructed them that clerics are prohibited from conducting
business or trade personally or through others, for their own advantage. Clergy need to stay away from
holding positions in independent trusts and NGOs. (के रला और तमिलनाडु के ईसाई समुदाय के पादरी नैतिक विवादों मे। जवाब लिखते/ इंटरव्यू में
बोलते वक़्त वक़्त ध्यान रखना चाहिए की मात्रा र हिंदू धर्म गुरुऑ के आचरण पे फ़ोकस न rhe। अन्य धर्मों में भी ये ऐसी समस्याएं हो सकती है )

- GSM4/Diversion: CAG found that Bihar government had diverted over 8000 crore rupees of SC/ST
Scholarship funds for constructing roads, govt building etc. 🤔 Points to reflect 1) what is this done to cover
up the original corruption /fund shortage in road/building? 2) does state government think that building
permanent Road/canal is more beneficial for all the citizens of the state compare to giving subsidy to only a
section of the citizenry? 3) UPSC asked a similar case study on diverting Housing project fund for building
SEZ. (CAG ने पाया है कि बिहार राज्य सरकार ने SC ST विद्यार्थियों की छात्रवृत्ति का पैसा सड़क निर्माण सरकारी भवन निर्माण में ख़र्च कर दिया है। क्या ऐसा हुआ है कि
उन अन्य कार्यों में वित्तीय ग़बन हुआ था इसलिए पैसों की कमी को पूरा करने के लिए छात्रवृत्ति का पैसा उधार भेजना पड़ा या? फिर की क्या राज्य सरकार की प्राथमिकता ये हैं की
पूंजीगत स्थायी परिसंपत्तियां जैसे रोड बिल्डिंग बनाना पूरे राज्य के सभी नागरिकों के लिए उपयोगी है बजाय इसके कि सब्सिडी छात्रवृत्ति के रूप में के वल एक समुदाय विशेष को
फ़ायदा मिले?)
- Hindus across Nepal honoured their dogs on the second day of the five-day Tihar festival.

- History Culture: foreign language influence in India. 1) names of three major Indian languages come from
“foreign” languages — Hindi is an Arabic word, Punjabi and Urdu are Persian and Turkish words respectively.
2) The names of at least 300 Hindu castes (for example, Khazanchi, Fotedar, Nehru, Naddaf, Lohar, Bara
Balutey dar, Kumhar, Kulal, Mahigeer, Peshwa) come from Urdu or Persian. Noted Personalities- Al-Biruni
(973-1050 AD), the great literary figure of Islamic era and an erudite Sanskrit scholar, translated some part
of the Vedas and the Gita in his encyclopedic work on India, Kitab al-Biruni fi Tahqiq ma lial-Hind. The fables
of Panchatantra were translated into Arabic in 8th century as Kalilah wa Damnah by Abdullah Ibn e Muqaffa.
Firoz Tughlaq (1309-1388) was the first to commission translations of Vedas and Puranas into Persian. Zain ul
Abidin, a 15th century ruler of Kashmir, appointed scribes to translate the Mahabharata and Kalhana’s
Rajatarangini into Persian. Akbar’s era (1542-1605) assigned Mulla Abdul Qadir Badayuni to translate the
Atharva Veda, Ramayana and Singhasan Batisi. More than 10,000 cities and villages have Urdu names. Several
Hindu and Sikh community names are derived from Urdu. Poet Tulsidas used several Urdu words — miskeen,
mujra, ghareeb nawaz, mansabdar, razai, saheb, sartaj, ghulam, etc — in his poetry. Jaysi’s Padmavat and
the first-ever Hindi short story, Rani Ketki ki kahani, were also written in Urdu script.

- SIR SYED Ahmad Khan (1817-98), popularly known as Sir Syed, the founder of Muhammadan Anglo Oriental
(MAO) College, which went on to become Aligarh Muslim University. Sometimes he spoke about Hindu Muslim
unity sometimes he wrote about how both cannot live together, one group must defeat the other. Sir Syed
lived in a period of tumultuous transition when the old was dead but the new was not yet born. Negotiating
one’s way through its uncertainties would entail many a contradiction that remained unresolved. His books
and articles simultaneously discuss contradictory views, and any attempt to draw them into a single
narrative is destined to fail.” (सर सैयद अहमद ख़ान जो अलीगढ़ मुस्लिम यूनिवर्सिटी विश्वविद्यालय की स्थापना से जुड़े हुए हैं उनके बारे में एक कॉलम कि कै से
कभी कभी उन्होंने हिन्दू मुस्लिम एकता की बात की तो कभी कभी भी अलग पाकिस्तान की संकल्पना का बीजारोपण किया है।)
- GSM2-IR: Buddhist majoritarianism in Myanmar and Sri Lanka. 1) Buddhist monk of Myanmar, Ashin
Wiranthu- accused of inciting violence against Rohingya Muslims. 2) SriLanka: Monk Gnanasara Thero,founder
of Bodu Bala Sena (Buddhist Power Force) accused of inciting violence against the Sri Lankan Muslims. He's
made the chairman of the committee for President Gotabaya Rajapaksa’s project of “One Country One Law”
(for removing separate laws for minorities) 😥 implications for India: violence against minorities in its
neighbourhood 1) Refugee crisis 2) If Indian religious group start protest marches/flag burning in India
against those neighbouring countries → souring of the relationship. ( श्रीलंका और म्यांमार में कट्टरपंथी बौद्ध साधुओं के चलते मुस्लिम
अल्पसंख्यक समुदाय को समस्याएं। भारत के लिए भी चिंता का मामला क्योंकि शरणार्थियों की समस्या बढ़ाता है, और भारत में धार्मिक नेताओं द्वारा उन देशों की सरकारों के
ख़िलाफ़ प्रदर्शनों के चलते भारत के विदेशी रिश्तों को भी खट्टा करता है। )

- JAMMU and Kashmir administration created State Investigation Agency (SIA) for handling cases pertaining to
terrorism cases including The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, The Explosive Substances Act, the SAARC
Convention (Suppression of Terrorism) Act, Weapons of Mass Destruction and their Delivery Systems
(Prohibition of Unlawful Activities). (आतंकी मामले की पूरी छानबीन के लिए जम्मू कश्मीर प्रशासन ने अलग SIA एजेंसी बनायी है)

- Project 15B comprises four Navy stealth destroyer ships — Visakhapatnam, Mormugao, Imphal and
Porbandar, and all are being built by the Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited. MDL has delivered the first ship
equipped with supersonic surface-to-surface Brahmos missiles and Barak-8 long range surface-to-air Missiles,
and hull-mounted sonar Humsa NG (नए युद्धक जहाज़ के )
- Russia's Zircon hypersonic cruise missile to be used in their navy.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ BRITAIN vs France: Post-Brexit fight over fishing rights. Threatening to send Navy.

- PAKISTAN did not allow Go First’s new Srinagar-Sharjah flight to use Pakistan country's airspace, forcing
airline to reroute the service and add 40 minutes to its flying time. Perhaps Pakistan is using its airspace as a
diplomatic bargaining chip with India. e.g. reduce taxes on our product, humko Kashmir de do etc (Which is
never going to happen by the way)

- UNICEF to directly fund Afghan teachers, bypass Taliban authorities because 1) International community
placed a freeze on funding to the Taliban led administration. 2) even if money given to Taliban government
there is no guarantee it will reach to the girl education institutions.
- Rahul Dravid, who was appointed the new head coach of the Indian team.
- Journalists Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov, who braved the wrath of the leaders of the Philippines and
Russia to expose corruption and misrule, won the Nobel Peace Prize 2021
- Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway (no lockdown, so 😍 winners can get it physically). Other
Nobel prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden (😥 physical ceremony cancelled because of Corona).

- Death: Salem Nanjudaiah Subba Rao from Karnataka. Gandhian, arrested during the quit India movement.
famous for his ‘Shramdan’ (voluntary contribution of labour), surrender of Chambal Decoits. Died in
Rajasthan.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Pratip Chaudhuri, former Chairman of SBI, was arrested on Sunday in Rajasthan in a case
relating to a hotel project in Jaisalmer financed by SBI in 2007
- AN ANCIENT idol of Goddess Annapurna, brought back to India after over a century from Canada, to its
original location — the Kashi Vishwanath temple in Varanasi,
- GPSC: E-SARKAR APP LAUNCHED ON PILOT BASIS by Gujarat governmentto make administrative works
paperless, quick and easy for citizen.
- election- Religious identity over caste identities: where is political parties have realised that it is difficult
to win election merely with caste equations like AJGAR- Ahirs, Jats, Gurjars and Rajputs or KHAM -
Kshatriya, Harijan, Adivasi and Muslim. So they have started to draw the circle wider bye expanding core
voter base on “Hindu Identity” e.g. Congress Leader Rahul Gandhi visiting temples, AAP leader Arvind
Kejriwal announcing subsidy for senior citizen on Ayodhya pilgrimage ( विपक्ष को लग रहा है कि जातिगत समीकरणों के उपयोग मात्र से
चुनाव जीतना मुश्किल इसलिए अपना चुनावी आधार बढ़ाने के लिए वह हिंदुत्व के बडे आकार के छतरी तले अपनी जाति आधारित वोटरों को लाना चाहते हैं। उदाहरण के रूप में
राहुल गांधी की मंदिर यात्रा और अरविन्द के जरीवाल का अयोध्या यात्रा के लिए सब्सिडी घोषणा करना )

- Polity/Election-Defection: Tripura State government passed a rule that an MLA must serve minimum five
years before he is eligible for the Rs 34,500 pension. Otherwise many MLA defect from one party to another
in a few months/ resign/by-election and continue to put burden on the public finance. ( विधायक यदि पाँच साल पूरे नहीं
करता तो उसे पेंशन नहीं मिलेगी त्रिपुरा में। पक्ष पलटू विधायकों को भी सबक़ सिखाने की तरकीब)

- all India judicial services: Under the Constitution, the power to make appointments to the lower judiciary
vests with the states. Currently, states conduct their own exams based on vacancies. AIJS was first mooted
in the 1950s - All India recruitment exam for lower judges similar to IAS/IPS. Later Supreme Court also
justified the demand for it but 😥1) language barriers if South Indian person appointed in the lower judiciary
of Hindi belt?→ counter argument even IAS/IPS required to learn the local language so judges can also do it.
2) West Bengal, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and Uttarakhand opposed AIJS fearing dilution of the federal
structure (IAS और IPS की तर्ज़ पर ही अखिल भारतीय न्यायिक सेवा की परीक्षा हूँ और उसे निचली अदालतों के जजों की भर्ती हो इस प्रकार का सुझाव50 से चल ही
रहा है और सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने भी इस पर सकारात्मक राय दी है किन्तु कु छ आलोचक मानते हैं कि ऐसा करने पर भाषा की कठिनता हो सकती है जैसे कि दक्षिण भारतीय जज को
उत्तर भारत में नियुक्ति दी जाए किन्तु अगर IAS IPS अफ़सर स्थानिक भाषा सीख सकते हैं तो ये जज भी सिख सकते हे। पश्चिम बंगाल जैसे कु छ राज्यों को इसमें संघवाद
कमज़ोर होने की डर लगता है क्योंकि निचली अदालतों में जजों की नियुक्ति राज्य के अधिकार क्षेत्र में)

- MADRAS High Court on quashed the 10.5 per cent special internal reservation provided by the Tamil Nadu
government for Vanniyars, a most backward caste (MBC) community, stating that it is ultra vires to the
Constitution because 1) no quantifiable data on on population, socio-educational status given. 2) In most of
the Districts in the state of Tamil Nadu, the Vanniyar community population is very less. So, if 10.5%
reservation is given to the Vanniyar caste all over the state, they would automatically get selected in the
educational institutions or in the government employments without there being any competition 3)
Candidates of other MBCs would find it difficult to get admission in the Educational Institutions and in the
Government employment for the reason that their reservation would be decreased from 20% to 9.5% ( तमिलनाडु
राज्य सरकार ने अति पिछड़ी जातियों में से एक वनीयार समुदाय को अग़ल से साढ़े 10% आरक्षण दिया था जिसे मद्रास हाईकोर्ट ने रद किया हे क्योंकि इस समुदाय के पिछड़ेपन
के बारे में कोई मात्रात्मक डेटा सरकार ने पेश नहीं किया था ज़्यादातर ज़िलों में इनकी आबादी बहूत कम है तो यदि अलग से आरक्षण दिया जाए तो बिना कोई ख़ास स्पर्धा के इनके
सभी उम्मीदवारों को एडमिशन और सरकारी नौकरियां मिल जाएगी जिससे कि अन्य उम्मीदवारों को अन्याय होगा।

- SUPREME Court on set aside the Calcutta High Court order imposing a total ban on use of firecrackers
during festivals such as Kali Puja, Diwali, Chhath Puja, Jagadhatri Puja, Gurpurab, Christmas Eve and New
Year’s Eve this year, terming it an “extreme order”. (कलकत्ता हाईकोर्ट ने सभी प्रकार के उत्सव में पटाखे जलाने पर सम्पूर्ण रूप से प्रतिबंध
डाल दिया जिसको सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने हटा दिया है क्योंकि ये एक “चरम आदेश” है)
- Polity/Role of Pressure groups: Madhya Pradesh Public and Private Property Damage Resolution and
Recovery Bill, 2021: will allow the administration to recover upto twice the cost of damages caused to public
and private property by an individual or a group during communal riots, protests and rallies. Uttar Pradesh &
Haryana also have similar laws. 🤔Points to Reflect: socho, how much nuisance would have been going on in
the name of protests, that state governments are forced to enact such law! It shows that pressure groups in
North India are routinely engaging in violence/destruction to get their demands. ( उत्तर प्रदेश और हरियाणा के बाद अब मध्य
प्रदेश सरकार भी ऐसा क़ानून बनाने जा रही है कि आंदोलनकारियों ने जो सार्वजनिक या निजी संपत्ति का नुक़सान किया हूँ उसका दोगुना जुर्माना माना वसूला जाएगा। यदि उत्तर
भारत में एक के बाद एक राज्य सरकारें ऐसे क़ानून बना रही है तो वो दर्शाता है कि दबाव समूहों हिंसा और तोड़फोड़ को अपनी बात मनवाने का एक साधन के रूप में इस्तेमाल कर
रहे हैं।)

- GSM2-IR/Polity: religion versus the state When a state cedes its authority to religious forces then it is
difficult to regain the authority back. Because giving too much space to religious or other extra-
constitutional forces inevitably weakens the state. There is no end to accommodating such forces. Each
concession compels the next demand. The power of religious groups undermines the much needed social and
economic modernisation that most developing societies badly need. It also complicates the state’s pursuit of
its national interests on the global stage. 2015: Tehreek-eLabbaik Pakistan (TLP) party founded by Islamic
groups following Barelvi sect. Their ideology is the protection of the Prophet’s honour and a vigorous
defence of Pakistan's controversial blasphemy laws. 2) TLP was mobilised to weaken the Nawaz Sharif
government in 2017. The then opposition leader Imran Khan actively supported the TLP’s protests against
Sharif. 3) Now same group TLP organising protests against Prime Minister Imran Khan firing submachineguns
against police man and demanding expulsion of French ambassador over the cartoon controversy. 4) Imran
cannot accept the demand because France is major donor to Pakistan and permanent member of the UN
Security Council. 5) Ultimately Imran forced to surrender to the demands of TLP like releasing the
imprisoned leaders, unfreezing their bank accounts etc. (जब राज्य या सरकार या राजनीतिक संगठन धार्मिक संगठनों को बोहोत ज़्यादा
जगह/अवकाश/समर्थन देना शुरू करता है, उनकी हर छोटी छोटी बात को मानना तुष्टीकरण करना शुरू करता है तो राज्य की शक्ति क्षीण होती है। पाकिस्तान में कट्टरपंथी TLP
जिसका पहले विपक्ष के नेता इमरान ख़ान ने नवाज़ शरीफ़ की सरकार गिराने के लिए काफ़ी इस्तेमाल किया अब वही TLP प्रधानमंत्री इमरान विरोधी प्रदर्शन कर रहा है कि फ़्रान्स
के राजदूत को पाकिस्तान से देश निकाल दिया जाए क्योंकि फ़्रान्स ने मोहम्मद पैगंबर के कार्टून बनाकर अपमान हो रहा है। ऐसे प्रदर्शन के दौरान आंदोलनकारियों ने पाकिस्तानी
पुलिसकर्मियों पर मशीन गन से गोलियां भी चलायी और उन्हें मार दिया। हालाँकि पाकिस्तान सरकार के लिए फ़्रान्सीसी राजदूत को देशनिकाल मुश्किल क्योंकि फ़्रान्स से उन्हें काफ़ी
आर्थिक मदद मिलती है और फ़्रान्स संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद का स्थायी सदस्य हैं। इसलिए अब T L P कि आंदोलन को ख़त्म करने के लिए उनके नेताओं को जेल से छोड़ा
जाएगा उनके बैंक खातों पर प्रतिबंध हटाया जाएगा इत्यादि।)

- MOLNUPIRAVIR - Anti-Corona drug works by causing viruses to make errors when copying their own RNA,
introducing mutations that inhibit replication. Researchers have now developed a method to manufacture it
faster
- WHO clears Bharat Biotech Covaxin for global use. How it will benefit we have already studied.

- Dhanwantari is the God of medicine. The Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and
Homeopathy, therefore, observes DHANTERAS as National Ayurveda Day. Theme for this year has been aptly
titled ‘Ayurveda for Covid
- Facebook launched facial recognition system (2010) that automatically identified people who appeared in
users’ digital photo albums. Why Bad? 😥1) USA police arresting wrong persons who looked same 😥2) Stalking
of women based on their photographs appearing in the vacation meeting Albums. 😥 3) China authorities
tracking Uighurs, a Muslim minority. 2021: no Facebook has decided to stop the system and delete the
existing data of Facial match algorithm (फ़े सबुक की फोटोग्राफ में से चेहरा पहचानने की प्रणाली भी व्यक्तियों की निजता का हनन हो रहा था और पुलिस
प्रशासन और बदमाशों द्वारा दुरुपयोग भी इसलिए फ़े सबुक ने इसे बंद किया और पुराना सारा डेटा भी डिलीट कर देंगे)

- ISA & OSOWOG: 2015 International Solar Alliance (ISA), launched at the 2015 Paris climate change
conference for solar energy harnessing in Equatorial and tropical regions. To implement ISA objectives, one
more program launched- the One Sun One World One Grid (OSOWOG) it proposes a common grid through
more than 100 countries to stabilise energy supply, (सॉरी ऊर्जा में अंतरराष्ट्रीय सहयोग के लिए ISA उसीमे और ज़्यादा संकलन/सहयोग के लिए
OSOWOG - एक विश्व एक ग्रिड का निर्माण हो रहा है।)
-
DATE Subject SubTopic

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

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2021-10-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
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2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Laws

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2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

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2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 GPSC GPSC

2021-10-Week4 GPSC GPSC

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

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2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

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2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 👩🏻‍
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2021-10-Week4 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-10-Week4 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

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2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

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2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 2b-Black Money

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

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2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week4 Environment🌿 Disaster

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

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2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Laws


2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝


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2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Disaster

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 👩🏻‍


Public-Health
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2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

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2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 2-Deficit/FRBM


2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-10-Week4 Environment🌿 Water💦

2021-10-Week4 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communication

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communication

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-10-Week4 History/Culture🗿 History/Culture🗿

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News
2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week4 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-10-Week4 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺
2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Person in News


2021-10-Week4 Environment🌿 Disaster
2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communication

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

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2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 Social Media📣

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️


2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

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2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 Social Media📣


2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Secularism
2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week4 Environment🌿 Water💦

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-10-Week4
2021-10-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-10-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

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2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-10-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Science🧪 Social Media📣

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


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2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-10-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


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2021-10-Week3 History/Culture🗿 History

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week3 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-10-Week3 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communication


2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral
2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Environment🌿 Water💦


2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral
2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-10-Week3 Environment🌿 Disaster

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-10-Week3 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-10-Week3 Science🧪 Social Media📣

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Environment🌿 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-10-Week3 Polity⚖️

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week3 Ethics-Theory😈 Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Ethics-Theory😈 Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week3 History/Culture🗿 History
2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week3 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-10-Week3 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-10-Week3 History/Culture🗿 History

2021-10-Week3 Science🧪 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-10-Week3 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-10-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week3 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-10-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication


2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-10-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-10-Week3 History/Culture🗿 History

2021-10-Week3 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


2021-10-Week3 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-10-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-10-Week3 Science🧪 👩🏻‍


Public-Health
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2021-10-Week3 Ethics-Theory😈 Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-10-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️


2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 2-Disinvestment/PSU

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-10-Week2 Economy💳 Diaspora

2021-10-Week2 Environment🌿 6-Hunger🌽

2021-10-Week2 Environment🌿 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-10-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-10-Week2 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-10-Week2 Environment🌿 6-Health

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣


2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-10-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-10-Week2 History/Culture🗿 History

2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Secularism

2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Death


2021-10-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-10-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-10-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-10-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-10-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-10-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week2 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-10-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week2 Polity⚖️ Federalism


2021-10-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week2 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-10-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-10-Week2 Science🧪 👩🏻‍


‍Public-Health
⚕️️ ‍⚕️
2021-10-Week2 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-10-Week2 Science🧪 6-Corona😷


Title

Social media hate speech: Facebook recommendation Algorigthm is designed to spread hate speech,
misinformation and celebrations of violence. 2019: a Facebook researcher created a new user account to see
what it was like to experience the social media site as a person living in Kerala. For the next three weeks, the
account operated by a simple rule: Follow all the recommendations generated by Facebook’s algorithms to
join groups, watch videos and explore new pages on the site. He saw more images of dead people in the
three weeks than he had seen in my entire life total. 2) Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen has released
a compilation of many such problems which were neglected by Facebook for long time. 3) FB owns Instagram,
WhatsApp - Total 34 cr Indians using atleast one of this Apps. India is the company’s largest market. But, 87%
of FB budget is spent on fighting his speech in America and the remaining 13% spent on rest of the world. 4)
Facebook does not have enough Indian workers to remove hate speech and misinformation spread in India’s
22 officially recognised languages. 5) Facebook had created a “political whitelist to limit PR risk,” essentially a
list of politicians who received a special exemption from fact-checking. 6) after the elections, Facebook found
that more than 40% of top views, or impressions, in West Bengal were “fake/inauthentic.” ( कु ल मिलाकर बात यह है
हालाँकि फ़े सबुक के सबसे ज़्यादा यूज़र भारत में है किं तु फ़े सबुक का 87% परसेंट बजट अमरीका में फे क न्यूज़ हटाने में लगाया जाता है. यानीकि फ़े सबुक ने भारत
में फे क न्यूज़ से लड़ने के लिए ज़रूरी संसाधन और कोशिशें नहीं लगायी. )

**Empathy for weaker section: **Why schools are not restarted in Delhi despite demand by parents and
teachers? Ans. One factor is class divide. A lot of people who are decision makers (ministers and IAS officers)-
their children's education has not been disrupted- they can afford expensive e-learning and laptop/tablets. So
the decision makers do not feel the urgent need to reopen the schools unlike the lower middle class and poor
parents. Even where schools have opened for class 9 onward, there is 80% attendance in government schools
but at private schools, attendance is 10%, 15%, 20%. Because parents prefer to keep the child at home for e-
learning rather than risking Corona in school. ( हालाँकि माँ बाप की माँग कर रहे हैं कि दिल्ली में प्राथमिक स्कू ल भी वापस शुरू किए जाएं
लेकिन दिल्ली में स्कू ल वापस शुरू क्यों नहीं हो रहे हैं क्योंकि वहाँ के नेता और अफ़सरों के बच्चों की पढ़ाई में कोई भी रूकावट नहीं आयी है के पास पैसा और
संसाधन हैं ई लर्निंग अपनाने के लिए।)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Ex- JK governor Satya Pal Malik vs RSS leader Ram Madhav on corruption accusations

Role of Parents in drug de-addiction: A mother in Gujarat filed police complain that her cricketer son and his
wife had been consuming narcotic drug cathinone due to bad influence of their friends. Police raided the
premises and found used syringes from waste bin. Upon forensic investigation it was confirmed that it contain
narcotic drugs. Made arrests. Points to reflect? 1) merely on complaint of one party, arrest is not made. First
preliminary investigation has to be carried out. 2) if the child is addicted with narcotic drugs it is the
responsibility of the parent not to shield him but ensure that he gets proper help either through police and/or
de-addiction centre. 3) Gender “Equality” in drug addiction/ changing value set up the modern generation
Cricketers Wives & Filmstar Daughters also engaged. ( गुजरात के क्रिके टर की माता ने ही पुलिस में शिकायत की कि मेरी बेटे और बहू को
ग़लत सोबत के चलते नशे की आदत है। पुलिस ने घर की जाँच में कचरे में फें की स् हुई इंजेक्शन पाए जिसकी फॉरेंसिक जाँच से पता चला कि उसमें पहले नशीला
द्रव्य था। बाद में गिरफ्तारियां हुई है। इसमें समझना यह है कि पुलिस को शिकायत मिली तो तुरंत गिरफ़्तारी नहीं होती पहले वो जाकर जाँच करते हैं। २) माँ बाप की
भी ज़िम्मेदारी है कि बच्चों को नशे की लत हो तो पुलिस की मदद ले। 3) आधुनिक भारत में भी आधुनिक नारी की बदलती मूली व्यवस्था की जहाँ पर पत्नियां और
बेटियां भी नशा कर रही है )
GSM4/Leadership: Indian Political debates rely excessively on “My great men versus your great man” (e.g.
Nehru vs Sardar Patel, Gandhi versus Subhash Chandra Bose). 2) This is problematic because the “great man”
tends to be an indivisible icon who must be worshipped or despised in toto. There is no scope for a debate
that even great leader could also have some weaknesses and may have faced some problems in personal and
professional life. 3) Father of Nation Gandhiji’s strained relationship with son Harilal who had severe problems
of alcoholism, gambling, adultery. When a son or daughter is accused of narcotic drugs, some critiques tend
to blame father for bad parenting, but similar debate not possible involving the father of nation. Grandson
Rajmohan Gandhi noted in a book, “He should have given more time and attention to his wife and son, BUT he
was human. He was consumed by the passion to free India,” 3) V.D. Savarkar- Book/Essay“Jatyuchhedak
Nibandh” on caste eradication. Some of his modern followers tend to focus more on his Brahminical identity.
3) Political competition takes a theological form, humans are worshipped as ‘God’ and rivals denounced as
worshippers of false gods. 4) Historic details of human leader’s life get separated from his iconic avatar.
inconvenient biographical facts are ignored. His biography turn into hagiography (-a biography that treats its
subject with undue reverence.). ( भारत में राजनेताओं की बारे में स्वस्थ डिबेट/ चर्चा विवाद मुश्किल है क्योंकि ज़्यादातर चर्चा “ मेरा महापुरुष
बनाम आपका महापुरुष” (नेहरू बनाम सरदार पटेल, गांधी बनाम सुभाष चंद्र बोस, गांधी बनाम सावरकर)। ऐतिहासिक व्यक्ति की जीवनी (biography) को संत
महात्मा की जीवनी (hagiography) जैसा बना दिया जाता है। अंततः महापुरुष के निजी जीवन में यदि कोई समस्याएं हो तो उन्हें नज़रअंदाज़ किया जाता है-
जैसे कि राष्ट्रपिता गांधीजी के अपने बेटे हरिलाल के साथ रिश्ते अच्छे नहीं थे. हरिलाल को शराब, जुआ, महिलाओं से अवैध संबंध जैसी बुरी लत थी। गांधीजी के
परपोते राजमोहन गांधी ने पाया कि “गांधीजी ने अपने बच्चों और पत्नी को ज़्यादा समय देने चाहिए था लेकिन वो आज़ादी की लड़ाई के जुनून में सब भुला चुके थे।”
वर्तमान समय में किसी के बच्चे को नशे की आदत हो तो बाप ने परवरिश पे ध्यान क्यों नहीं दिया ऐसे इल्ज़ाम लगाए जाते हैं, लेकिन राष्ट्रपिता के संदर्भ में ऐसी चर्चा
नहि हो सकती। 🤔३) सावरकर ने जाति-उन्मूलन के समर्थन में कड़े शब्दों में निबंध लिखा था और आंदोलन भी किया था लेकिन उनके कु छ आधुनिक समर्थक
सावरकर को ब्राह्मण-प्रतीक के रूप में दिखाने की कोशिश करते है।)

GSM4/ Empathy towards LGBT: National Medical Commission (NMC), the statutory body responsible for
regulating medical education in India, released an advisory: competency-based medical education (CBME)
curriculum need to be sensitive about LGBTQIA+ community e.g. 1) ban queerphobic practices such as
conversion therapy which aims to forcibly change the sexual orientation of a person to physical and
psychological torture. 2) some of the medical academic books mention that transgender is disorder. 3) some
medical academic books mention IPC 377: Sodomy/homosexuality - sexual offences, even though the
Supreme Court has decriminalised this IF it is consensual relationship. ( राष्ट्रीय चिकित्सा आयोग ने सलाह निर्देश जारी किए हैं कि
चिकित्सा की पढ़ाई की किताबों में समलैंगिक और किन्नर/ट्रांसजेंडर समाज के प्रति संवेदनशीलता जतायी जाए। क्योंकि कु छ चिकित्सा किताबों में ट्रांसजेंडर को एक
रोग के रूप में बताया गया है तथा कु छ किताबों में समलैंगिकता को एक मनोविकार के रूप में दर्शाकर “कन्वर्ज़न थेरपी” से समलैंगिक ‘मरीज़’ को शारीरिक और
मानसिक टोर्चर/पीड़ा देकर वापस स्वस्थ बनाया जा सकता है ऐसी बातें। मद्रास हाईकोर्ट ने भी इस पर प्रतिबंध लगाया था )
Farmer income Data: 1) latest Situation Assessment Survey (SAS) of agricultural households conducted by the
National Statistical Office (NSO), an average Indian farmer earned Rs 10,218 per month in 2018-19 (July-June).
2) Across states, the highest income was received by a farming household in Meghalaya (Rs 29,348) followed
by Punjab (Rs 26,701), Haryana (Rs 22,841), Arunachal Pradesh (19,225) and Jammu and Kashmir (Rs 18,918)
while the lowest income levels were in West Bengal (Rs 6,762), Odisha (Rs 5,112) and Jharkhand (Rs 4,895). 3)
But this is not a fair comparison as holding sizes vary widely across states. So, when we adjust the data with
farm-holding sizes → Punjab’s ranking on per hectare income is all India rank 11th and Haryana #15. 4) While
after adjustment, states that would do well on this score are Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Meghalaya and
Arunachal Pradesh where people earn their income from cultivating fruits and vegetables, spices, and
livestock. These are high value in nature, not linked to MSPs, and market and demand-driven. 🤩Way forward?
1) Punjab and Haryana farmers should be encouraged to cultivate non-rice non-wheat crops. Because wheat
and rice cultivation exhausts the water table, stubble burning → ⏫ air pollution. 2) government should set up
a Maize Corporation of Punjab (MCP) to buy Maize from farmers & use it for Ethanol blending programme. ( कु ल
मिलाकर बात ये है कि पर हेक्टेयर ज़मीन में कमाई के हिसाब से जम्मू कश्मीर के रला मेघालय इत्यादि में अच्छी आमदनी होती है. पंजाब हरियाणा में आमदनी कम
क्योंकि वे के वल गेहूं चावल पर ज़्यादा ज़ोर देते हैं. हालाँकि इससे भूमि जल की बर्बादी और पराली जलाने पर वायु प्रदूषण होता है. पंजाब से मकई की सरकारी
ख़रीद की जाए और उसे बायो इथेनॉल बनाने पर ज़ोर देने का सुझाव.)

PRIME MINISTER Narendra Modi to launch Pradhan Mantri Atmanirbhar Swasth Bharat Yojana (PMASBY)– a
pan-India scheme aimed at 1) strengthening health care infrastructure across rural and urban areas of the
country. 2) Critical care services will be made available in all districts that have a population of over 5 lakh. 3)
setting up of integrated public health laboratories in all districts of the country. ( प्रधानमंत्री स्वस्थ भारत योजना जिसमें
स्वास्थ्य चिकित्सा प्रयोगशाला अस्पताल इत्यादी बुनियादी अवसंरचना को बेहतर करेगा)

(GSM2) Local bodies/ when OVER-Decentralisation is not useful: 2012: Delhi’s Sheila Dikshit government
trifurcated Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) into 3 parts East, North and South. 🤩 further decentralisation
- better delivery of service. But this has not happened because 1) South Delhi - posh area. Good collection of
property taxes and user fees → South Delhi municipal Corporation can pay the salaries on time, provide good
services for water sanitation. But 2) North & East Delhi- relatively poor/middle class areas - less tax collection
→ municipal budget deficit. Timely payment of salary is not done municipal workers go on strike → cleanliness
& anti-malaria drive⏬ → Dengue⏫. 3) merger/ amalgamation → ⏬ average fixed cost in office electricity,
some staff salary etc. e.g. 1 accounts officer can make salary documents for 20, 200, or 2000 workers with a
single mouse click but presently they’ve 3 accounts officers in 3 Municiple offices. (अति-विकें द्रीकरण से फ़ायदा कम नुक़सान
ज़्यादा। 2012 में दिल्ली नगर निगम को तीन हिस्सों में बाँटा गया पूर्व, उत्तर और दक्षिण। लेकिन पता चला दक्षिण दिल्ली में अमीर ज़्यादा है तो प्रॉपर्टी टैक्स /
संपत्तिकर में अच्छी कमाई होती है दक्षिण दिल्ली की नगर निगम अपने कर्मचारियों को नियत समय पर तनख़्वाह/वेतन दे पाती है। जबकि पूर्व और उत्तर दिल्ली के नगर
निगम की आमदनी अच्छी नहीं है वक़्त पर कर्मचारियों को वेतन नहीं दे पाते, कर्मचारी हड़ताल पर चले जाते हैं जिसके चलते साफ़ सफ़ाई और मच्छर नियंत्रण के
कार्यक्रम मैं कमी और ड़ेंग्यू उपद्रव बढ़ता है। यदि इन तीनों नगर निगमों का वापस विलीनीकरण एकीकरण किया जाए तो कु छ स्थायी ख़र्चे जैसे ऑफ़िस बिजली बिल,
कर्मचारी वेतन इत्यादि में कमी आ सकती है।)
PM Modi’s upcoming foreign trips: G20 Summit @Rome, Italy. 2) UNFCCC COP26 @Glasgow, UK
Explained Series: Climate summit @Glassgow, UK. Conference of parties (COP26) @GLASGOW,UK was
supposed to be held last year(2020) but postponed because of Covid. 😰Areas of concern: 🤔1) The rulebook
for implementation of Paris Agreement is still to be finalised. 🤔2) Kyoto protocol carbon credit market - India
China Brazil have accumulated large amount of carbon credit but whether those credits can be utilised after
Paris Deal? -1st world is opposed & want to reset the calculation. (if you do not know how the carbon credit
market works refer to this explain series or some YouTube series I am not doing elaboration, because in the
mains exam we have to fit it in 250 words) 🤔3) net-zero target by 2050-60. While this is not the objective of
Paris deal, but China & Saudi aim for net-zero Carbon emission by 2060; Germany target of 2045. India still
does not have a net-zero commitment, 4) 24 nations’ ‘Like Minded Developing Countries’, or LMDCs,
denounced the efforts to force a net-zero target on everyone. India, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Iran,
Bangladesh, the Philippines and Sri Lanka are LMDC members. ( ग्लास्गो जलवायु परिषद में मुख्य मुद्दे- 1) पेरिस संधि को कै से लागू
किया जाए 🤔2) क्योटो प्रोटोकॉल के हिसाब से जो कार्बन क्रे डिट मार्के ट बनाया गया था और चीन भारत और ब्राज़ील ने ढेर सारे कार्बन क्रे डिट हासिल किए हैं उसे
कै से इस्तेमाल किया जाए क्योंकि विकसित देश तो यह चाहते हैं कि वो सारा डेटा रद्द हो जाए और वापस शून्य 0 से गिनती शुरू हो।) 🤔३) २०६० तक शून्य नेट
एमिशन/ शुद्ध कार्बन उत्सर्जन को शून्य किया जाए। भारत ने अभी तक इसके लिए कोई समय सीमा तय नहीं की। चीन ऐसी चीज़ २०६० तक करने वाला है

India, Australia, UK and small island developing states (SIDS) will be launching a new grouping of
Infrastructure for Resilient Island States (IRIS) on the sidelines of the upcoming Conference of Parties (COP26).
IRIS aims to cooperate for infrastructure that can withstand natural disasters and lessen economic losses in
island nations. Funding? Australia, India and the UK have committed an initial funding of $10 million for IRIS.
What is small island developing states (SIDS)?- 58 countries in the Caribbean, Pacific, Atlantic, Indian Ocean,
Mediterranean and South China Sea regions, are among the most vulnerable to impact of climate change in
the form of tsunamis, cyclones, earthquakes. ( टापू देशों में मज़बूत/टिकाऊ बुनियादी अवसंरचना के लिए भारत ऑस्ट्रेलिया इंग्लैंड 10 मिलियन
डॉलर देकर IRIS संगठन बना रहे हैं।)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Explained: How YouTube works out which videos to recommend to which viewer.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Colombia’s most wanted drug lord captured in jungle raid

* China Land Border Law 2021: China has 22,000-km land border shared with 14 countries. China is yet to
finalise border agreements with India and Bhutan. While China has resolved boundary disputes with 12 other
neighbours. 2) China Land Border Law 2021 stipulates that China can close its border if a war or other armed
conflict nearby threatens border security. 3) Chinese Government shall be required to support economic and
social development in Border Areas. (चीन का ज़मीनी सीमा के लिए नया क़ानून-चीन सरकार अपनी सीमाएं बंद कर सकती है युद्ध के दौरान, तथा
सीमा क्षेत्र के इलाकों का आर्थिक और सामाजिक विकास लेने के लिए क़दम लेगी)

Attitude towards female astronauts: COLONEL WANG Yaping the 2nd Chinese female pilot to go for China’s
space station . But Chinese media/online debate attitude towards her is biased: 1) comparative physiology of
men and women. Talking about how she’ll miss her five-year-old daughter it will affect her work has
astronaut! But no one asked about the children of her two male space colleagues. 2) making the derisive
remarks/sexist jokes like “Female astronauts may be in better condition after putting on makeup,” “whether
she intended to wear a bra in orbit or not? THUS, even if you are a woman who has become anastronaut, you
still have to play a traditional female role- that is the attitude reflected by Chinese media. PS: India aims to
send a female “robot” named “VyomMitra”. ( हालाँकि चीन अब तक दो महिलाओं को अवकाश में भेज चुका है लेकिन उनके मीडिया मैं
अवकाश यात्री महिलाओं के प्रति रवैया भेदभाव युक्त है। जैसे की अवकाशयात्री महिला अवकाश में मेकप लगाएँ तो ही अच्छे से काम कर पाएगी- ऐसे लैंगिग कटाक्ष
किए जा रहे हैं। अवकाश यात्री महिला की पाँच साल की बच्ची पृथ्वी पर है इसलिए माता अवकाश में ध्यान से काम नहीं कर पाएगी क्योंकि उसे अपने बच्चों की याद
आएगी। हालाँकि उसके पुरुष सहकर्मियों के भी बच्चे हैं लेकिन उनकी मनोदशा के बारे में ऐसी चर्चा नहीं की जा रही।)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋GIFT City a reinsurance hub in the making: IFSCA allows more players
Fisheries: areas of fishing — **territorial waters **(12 nautical miles from the sea shore), **EEZ (exclusive
economic zones ** - 200 nautical miles), and **high seas/distant water fishing** (fishing beyond 200 nautical
miles from its sea shores). WTO fisheries subsidies India's proposal: 1) member countries should be allowed to
give subsidy to fishermen if the nation is not doing over fishing. (- maintains fish population at a biologically
sustainable level) 2) countries engaged in distant water fishing (beyond 200 Nautical miles) → those countries
should not be allowed to give fisheries subsidy for 25 years. Because such countries are actually depleting the
fish resources of other countries. (e.g. Indonesian and Sri Lankan vessels encroaching in Indian area) ( मत्स्य
सब्सिडी के बारे में भारत ने विश्व व्यापार संगठन में सुझाव दिए हैं १) ऐसे देश जो कि अत्यधिक मछली नहीं पकड़ रही है/ मछलियों का संवर्धन कर रहे हैं इन देशों
की सरकार को छू ट हो कि वो अपनी मत्स्य क्षेत्र को सब्सिडी दे सके । ऐसे देश जो कि वे अपनी सीमा की 200 नॉटिकल माइल्स दूर जाकर मछली पकड़ रहे हैं उन
देशों को अगले 25 सालों तक मत्स्य सब्सिडी देने पर प्रतिबंध हो- क्योंकि ऐसे देश दूसरे देशों की सीमा में घुसकर मछली पकड़ते हैं।)

* Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985: prohibits trade, production, use and
possession of drugs and psychotropic substances, irrespective of purpose, except for medical and scientific
reasons. NDPS Act has since been amended four times — in 1989, 2001, 2014 and 2016. The Act extends to
the whole of India and it applies also to all Indian citizens outside India and to all persons on ships and aircraft
registered in India. 1) Presently Small quantities under the NDPS Act - 100 grams as the limit for a small
quantity of cannabis, and 2 grams in case of cocaine. Person found with small quantities may be treated as an
addict and not a distributor - can involve rigorous imprisonment of up to one year and include a fine of up to
Rs 10,000. 2) If such person agrees for rehabilitation/de-addiction, then judge “may” give relief in jail term. 3)
Social Justice ministry suggested decriminalising possession of small quantities of drugs for personal
consumption. So, first time user ko don’t send to jail but to rehabilitation Centre. (in other words it should
become his “legal right”-not to be sent to jail, without discretion of the judge.). Background Nodal dept:
Department of Revenue under the finance ministry. 2021-Oct: department of revenue asked other ministries
to provide feedbacks on the law so social Justice Minister gave this feedback. ( यदि कोई नशेडी छोटी मात्रा में नशीले द्रव्यों के
साथ पकड़ा जाए तो उसे एक साल की सजा और 10 हज़ार का जुर्माना हो सकता है हालाँकि अदालत उसे अपने विवेक पर बिना जेल की सजा दिए, नशा-सुधार
कें द्र में भी भेज सकता है, लेकिन वो नशेडी का क़ानूनी अधिकार नहीं है। राजस्व विभाग जो कि इस क़ानून की निगरानी करता है उसने विविध मंत्रालयों से सुझाव
माँगे तो सामाजिक न्याय मंत्रालय ने सुझाव दिया है कि पहली बार पकड़े गए नशेड़ियों को मौज के लिए कभी कभी नशा करने वाले लोगों के मामलों का “ ग़ैर
अपराधीकरण” हो। यानी कि उन्हें जेल न भेजा जाए सीधा ही नशा सुधार कें द्र ने भेजा जाए,एक प्रकार से “पहली बार पकड़े जाने पर- जेल न जाना” उसका क़ानूनी
अधिकार बन जाए।)

Chief Justice of India N V Ramana observed: 26% court complexes do not have separate ladies toilets and 16%
do not have gents toilets. Only 54% of court complexes have purified drinking water facility. only 5% have
basic medical facilities, Only 32% of courtrooms have separate record rooms... only 27% have computers
placed on the Judge’s dais with video-conferencing facility. JUDICIAL INFRASTRUCTURE is “important for
faster disposal of cases but improvement and maintenance of judicial infrastructure is still being carried out in
an ad hoc and unplanned manner,” CJI had sent a proposal for establishment of a National Judicial
Infrastructure Authority to the Ministry of Law and Justice. ( भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश ने पाया कि भारत के ज़्यादातर न्यायालयों में
शौचालय पेयजल कं प्यूटर इत्यादि बुनियादी सुविधाओं की कमी है। इन्हें बेहतर करने के लिए क़ानून मंत्रालय में एक अलग प्राधिकरण बनाया जाए तभी विलंबित के स
का जल्दी निपटारा हो सकता है। )
* GSM4: Perception about judiciary: There is a common notion that only criminals or victims of crime
approach the courts and people take pride in stating that they have never seen a court building in their
lifetime. Due to such taboo associated with approaching courts for the affirmation of rights, often victims
hesitate in filing police complaint. But, Courts are extremely essential for any society that is governed by the
rule of law. Court buildings are not merely structures made of mortar and bricks. Rather, they actively assure
the constitutional guarantee of right to justice. The courts in India have repeatedly upheld the rights and
freedoms of individuals. They stood up whenever the individuals or society were at the receiving end of the
executive excesses.- said Chief Justice of India N V Ramana. 🤔Exam Relevance? Fodder material for case
studies where you have to convince your victim to file a court case. ( सामान्य रूप से लोग अपने मित्र रिश्तेदारों के सामने दम मारते
हैं कि “मैंने तो कभी कोर्ट कचहरी में पैर नहि रखा!” यानी कि “के वल चोर उचक्के अपराधी ही कोर्ट कचहरी में जाते हैं और शरीफ़ लोग कोर्ट कचहरी नहीं जाते”
ऐसी एक निषेध-भावना है। इस निषेध भावना के चलते कई बार निर्दोष पीड़ित भी पुलिस शिकायत करने से डरते हैं। लेकिन कोर्ट कोई ईट पत्थर की इमारत मात्र नहीं
है, वो लोगों के संवैधानिक अधिकारों की रक्षा करने का मंदिर है। और कई बड़े मामलों में उसने लोगों के अधिकारों की रक्षा की है।) 150 words, 250 words.

GSM4/Case Study: “Farmer dies of heart attack at Fertilizer shop”: UP Lalitpur district’s 53-year-old Farmer
Bhogilal was waiting in line for buying fertilisers for two days. On second day he died of cardiac arrest. The
long queues at fertilizer shops due to 2 reasons 1) demand ⏫ due to recent rains 2) Panic spread through
WhatsApp about shortage of fertilisers 3) out of the total 270 shops in the Lalitpur district, just around 150 are
functional. Others are closed because of various reasons, including their licences not being renewed by district
authorities. What will you do about this as District magistrate (IAS)? ✋😰 Mistakes? 😰1) I will **encourage
the farmers to start organic farming**, cow manure, ZBNF… that is correct for long-term solution but what
will be your immediate priority to prevent the long queues tomorrow morning? 😰2) I will try to deliver the
fertiliser to farmers at their home using mobile apps. A) everyone does not have smartphones / internet B)
District administration does not have sufficient manpower for home delivery to so many farmers! 😰3) As IAS I
will personally stand to regulate the queues to prevent untoward incidents - if you do Chowkidaari @fertlizer
shop, then don't you have any other work to do as Ias in the district? 😰4) I’ll deploy medical staff at fertiliser
shops to treat heart patients! - then who will complete the Corona vaccination targets!? ( उर्वरक की दुकान पर दो दिन
से क़तार/लाइन में चक्कर काट रहे बुजुर्ग किसान की दिल के दौरे में मृत्यु हुई। दुकान के आगे लंबी कतारों का कारण- बारिश के बाद फर्टिलाइजर यानी कि उर्वरक की
माँग बढ़ी है, सोशल मीडिया में फर्टिलाइजर की क़िल्लत की त्रासदी के समाचार चल रहे हैं इसलिए किसान और चिंतित हो रहे हैं, ज़िले में सभी दुकानें नहीं खुली हैं
क्योंकि उसमें से कई दुकानों को अभी तक जिला प्रशासन द्वारा अनुमति/ठेके का पुनः नवीनीकरण नहि हुआ। तो जिला कलेक्टर के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित
करेंगे?)

GSM4/Case study: Vadodara district administration has ordered the government school teachers to purchase
"at least two khadi handkerchiefs" from Khadi stores and Post a selfie as proof in individual Whatsapp groups
and social Media account. 🤩Benefit? It’ll encourage Khadi products and thereby make India "self-reliant”.
However some teachers are unhappy that 1) our salary is low, khadi products don’t last long, unnecessarily
we are forced to purchase the things that we do not want merely for the political agendas of the government.
Suppose teacher association sent such complaint then as the education secretary (IAS) how will you address
it? (बड़ौदा शिक्षा विभाग ने सभी सरकारी स्कू ल के शिक्षकों को आदेश दिया है कि आपने अनिवार्य रूप से कम से कम दो खादी के रूमाल ख़रीदे हैं और आपने
ख़रीदा है ऐसी सेल्फी अपने सोशल मीडिया अकाउंट में डालनी है! कु छ शिक्षक विरोध जता रहे हैं कि 😰हमारी तनख़्वाह वैसे भी कम है फ़िज़ूल खर्ची करवाई जा
रही है। 😰खादी के कपड़े लंबे चलते नहीं फिर भी राजनैतिक वाहवाही के लिए हम पर ये सब चीज़ें क्यों थोपी जा रही है!!!???? शिक्षा सचिव यानी कि IAS
ऑफ़िसर के रूप में आप इस शिकायत को कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)
Presently on vaccination card and rice bag distributed by the government, usually there is a photograph of
Prime Minister or Chief Minister. An activist has sent a proposal that instead of the Photographer of PM/CM,
there should be the painting of Sameer Kuvaloor, which shows a mob lynching a person and some persons
shooting videos on their mobiles. This will help in sensitisation and self introspection among the people
regarding lynching. As secretary of food and civil supply (IAS) how will you address this proposal? 😰Possible
Mistakes: 1) immediately saying “yes”. But then tomorrow someone will remain put a poster against Dowry,
Acid Attack, Drug Abuse etc. 2) saying “no photograph should be pasted! It shd be a plain jute bag” But, some
form of labelling is necessary to show that government has given this food/bi-cycle to prevent the perception/
accusations by the opposition party and urban naxalites that Govt has done nothing for the poor people! 3) To
check the diversion of subsidised food- special photograph/colored bags help! ( आज कल सरकारी राशन की दुकान मैं अनाज
की थेलियो पर प्रधानमंत्री या मुख्यमंत्री के तस्वीर छापी जाती है। एक आंदोलनकारी ने पत्र लिखा है “राशन के अनाज की थैलियों पर नेताओं की तस्वीर छापने की
जगह एक एसा चित्र छापा जाए जिसमें भीड़ द्वारा पिटाई /वध हो रहा है, और कु छ प्रेक्षक मोबाइल पर उसकी विडियो बना रहे हैं।” अनाज की थैलियों पर ऐसा चित्र
डालने से लोगों में संवेदना जाग्रत होगी और वे अपने आचरण का स्व मूल्यांकन करेंगे और भविष्य में भीड़ द्वारा वध के मामले कम होंगे। आंदोलनकारी के ऐसे पत्र को
आप नागरिक आपूर्ति विभाग के सचिव यानी कि IAS ऑफ़िसर के रूप में कै से संबोधित करेंगे)

StatePSC: GUJARAT government ‘Mission Gurukul’, is planning to invite social, religious and corporate
organisations and trusts to set up gurukuls (Sanskrit residential schools) under a public-private partnership
(PPP) model. National Education Policy aims to provide Sanskrit education at all levels from school to college.
Banni breed of buffaloes, found primarily in Gujarat's Kutch region. In news because first A first IVF calf born at
a farmer's house in the state's Gir Somnath district

GSM3/ internal security: Naga movement is considered India’s longest-running insurgency. In 1997, the Centre
had signed a ceasefire agreement with the NSCN-IM. In 2015, Modi govt renewed negotiations had begun
between the NSCN-IM. 2021: NSCN-IM issued statement: “While much hype was generated that the final
Naga solution is just round the corner, However, the talks failed to live up to all the hype as the Government
of India continues to indulge in political escapism - Naga Group wants separate flag and separate
constitution.” (नागा अलगाववादी समूह के साथ भारत सरकार की मंत्रणा चल रही है लेकिन अलगाववादी समूहों अपनी अलग ध्वज और अलग संविधान की
माँग से हटने को तैयार नहीं)

News Broadcasters Association (NBA) is a private independent regulator of TV News channels & Digital News
channels. As the chairman of NBA you have received following complaint from a viewer, “This week has been
full of drama and distractions. Daily reporting is being done about 1) Narco case commentary about Shah Rukh
Khan’s son Aryan & Chunkey Pandey’s daughter Ananya Pandey. 2) Reporters are cheering and beating drums
to celebrate the 100 crore Covid vaccination dose. This still means hardly 30 per cent of our adult population is
fully vaccinated with two doses. While new Corona variants are emerging in China is again imposing lock
downs in some areas…But such Important issues are being neglected or sidelined.” As NBA chairman how will
you address this complain? (समाचार के TV चैनल और डिजिटल चैनल पर नियंत्रण के लिए एक ग़ैर सरकारी संस्था है न्यूज़ ब्रॉडकास्टर्स एसोसिएशन।
मान लीजिए एक श्रोता ने यहाँ शिकायत की “पूरा दिन शाहरुख़ की बेटे के समाचार अविरत रूप से दिखाई जा रहे हैं। भारत में सौ करोड़ वैक्सीन दिए उसकी ज़रूरत
से ज़्यादा वाहवाही की जा रही है हालाँकि तार्कि क रूप से सोचा जाए तो क़रीब 30 प्रतिशत वयस्क लोगों को ही सम्पूर्ण टीकाकरण हुआ है। चीन में भी कोरोना के
बढ़ते मामलों को देखते हुए कु छ इलाकों में वापस से तालाबंदी हो रही है लेकिन महत्वपूर्ण समाचारों को नज़रअंदाज़ किया जा रहा है।” श्रोता की इस शिकायत के बारे
में एनबीए अध्यक्ष के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे?)
* GSM4/Case Study: Banning celebrity worship. In China and South Korea there is a culture of blind
worshipping of the pop stars / Instagram influencers. When Chinese pop star Kris Wu was arrest for rape,
many of his loyal fans reportedly designed a “prison break”. Separately, South Korean K-pop stars Jung Joon-
young and Choi Jong-hoon gang raped a fan-girl, recorded MMS & distributed in WhatsApp groups. Yet they're
diehard fans continue to defend them. 2021-Sept: Chinese media regulator has ordered following: 1) Chinese
Singing/Dancing Idol Reality shows to stop. 2) DONOT to promote “sissy” men who glorify homosexuality.
Promote male actors that have masculinity and nationalism 3) Don’t promote stars with inflated pay. (e.g.
Salman Khan getting ₹8 crore rupees per episode in big boss) 4) resolutely resist showing off wealth and
enjoyment, hyping up gossip , negative hot topics, vulgar ‘internet celebrities. Because a citizen is supposed to
worship his country and his cultural values and not some individual vulgar person. However critics argue 😰1)
this contributes to economy, job creation, sale of products 😰2) Freedom of expression 😰3) LGBT rights.
Suppose a citizen of India sends a letter to the Indian Ministry of information and broadcasting we should also
adopt same model as China. Then as Secretary (IAS) how will you address it? ( चीन और दक्षिण कोरिया के पॉप स्टार महिलाओं
की यौन शोषण और बलात्कार के मामलों में गिरफ़्तार हो चुके हैं। और उनके अंधे वक़्त तो उन्हें जेल तोड़कर बाहर निकालने की साज़िश भी कर रहे थे! से चीन
सरकार ने ऐसे सेलेब्रिटी की अंधी भक्ति रोकने के लिए कु छ आदेश जारी किए हैं कि- रियलिटी शो पर प्रतिबंध, समलैंगिक पुरुष सितारों का महिमामंडन नहीं हो, TV
और इंटरनेट चैनलों ने ऐसे पुरुष सितारों को महिमा मंडित करना होगा जो मर्दानगी और राष्ट्रपति दिखाते हैं, ऐसे सितारे जिनको बहु ज़्यादा पैसा मिल रहा है उन्हें
ज़्यादा फ़ु टेज न दी जाए, धन विलासिता का प्रदर्शन, नकारात्मक समाचार इत्यादि को न दिखाया जाए। हालाँकि कु छ लोग विरोध भी जता रहे हैं कि उनका वाणी और
अभिव्यक्ति का स्वतंत्र है, इस प्रकार के TV शो से भी ढेर सारी आमदनी और नौकरियां खड़ी हो रही है। यदि कोई भारत का नागरिक भारत की सूचना प्रसारण
मंत्रालय को सुझाव देता है कि हमने भी चीनी सरकार का मॉडल अपनाना चाहिए तो संचार सचिव के रूप में आप इस पत्र को कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)

* GSM4/Exam Pressure: CHINA HAS passed an education law that seeks to cut the “twin pressures” of tuition
& homework- of 1) “For Profit” off-site tutoring in core subjects is banned. 2) reduce homework pressure. 3)
Local governments responsible for ensuring that the twin pressures are reduced and asks parents to arrange
their children's' time to account for reasonable rest and exercise. 4) separately another law is being passed to
hold the parent responsible for the bad behaviour of children 5) separately rules for reducing online gaming
addiction & blind” worship of internet celebrities. ( चीन सरकार ने नया क़ानून पास किया कि बच्चों पर ट्यूशन और गृहकार्य के दोहरे बोझ
को कम किया जाए। इसके लिए स्थानीय प्रशासन और माँ बाप की ज़िम्मेदारी होगी बच्चों को आराम और खेलकू द का अवसर भी मिले। मुनाफ़े के लिए चलाए जा रहे
ट्यूशन पर प्रतिबंध)

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Electricity (Timely recovery of costs due to Change in Law) Rules, 2021 and Electricity (Promotion
of generation from renewable sources of energy by addressing Must Run and other matters) Rules, 2021. Let
IndianExpress run explained series. Fir Dekhenge.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Stay on Future-Reliance deal to continue: How SIAC order gives Amazon a leg up

Pak says it will not allow America to use Paki airspace to launch operations against Afghanistani Taliban. ( अमेरिका
को पाकिस्तान की वायु सरहद इस्तेमाल नहीं करने देंगे अफ़ग़ानी तालिबानों के ख़िलाफ़ आक्रमण के लिए- ऐसा पाकिस्तान सरकार ने कहा है)

persona non grata against a diplomat - usually means that diplomate is banned from remaining in their host
country. TURKISH PRESIDENT Recep Tayyip Erdogan gave persona non grata to the 10 foreign ambassadors
from US, French and German, Netherlands, Canada, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway and New Zealand.
Reason? These 10 diplomats had a written open letter demanding the release of a businessman who was
accused in a coup. (अवांछित व्यक्ति - यदि कोई देश विदेशी राजदूत को ये श्रेणी में रखता है तो उसका मतलब कि विदेशी राजदूत ने वो देश छोड़कर चला
जाना चाहिए। तुर्की के राष्ट्रपति ने अमेरिका यूरोप के 10 देशों के राजदूतों को इस श्रेणी में डाल दिया है क्योंकि वे एक उद्योगपति की रिहाई की माँग कर रहे थे जो
कि विद्रोह/सरकार गिराने के प्रयास के आरोप में गिरफ़्तार है)
INDIAN-AMERICAN POLICY expert Neera Tanden named White House staff secretary.
melioidosis - tropical bacterial disease four people died in America but they had not travelled to any tropical
country. Police found they bought Aromatherapy spray imported from India which had this bacteria. Now
they're planning to ban the aromatic products from India under WTO sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS)
agreement- recall yesterday EU thinking of banning Indian rice due to GM-rice. These are the challenges to
Indian agriculture and Ayurvedic export sector. ( भारत से निर्यात किए गए सुगंधित तेल की बोतल में बैक्टीरिया के चलते अमेरिका में चार
लोगों की मृत्यु के बाद अमेरिकी सरकार भारतीय माल पर प्रतिबंध के बारे में सोच रहा है)

Saudi Arabia pledge 2060 target of net-zero emission. More than hundred countries across the world have
made similar pledges. (सऊदी अरब २०६० तक अपने शुद्ध कार्बन उत्सर्जन को शून्य कर देगा। दुनिया में सौ से अधिक देशों ने ऐसे लक्ष्यअंक बनाए हैं)

* Why princely states swore fealty to the British crown? 1) Travancore rulers wanted security from Mysore’s
aggressions under Tipu Sultan. 2) Pudukkottai’s rulers were transitioning from chieftains to kings, and allying
themselves to a superior force of British Crown was a method to gain recognition. 3) In Rajputana, many rulers
under Maratha dominance had become weak, and their own vassals encroached on their power. 4) several
Punjab states rulers wanted protection against Ranjit Singh’s empire so they joined the British. Thus some
Indian rulers gave up power in one sense to win some in another. Is the age of princes over in 2021? Ans. They
are trying to survive in different way- 1) Some princely descendants joined politics 2) some are using their
palace and resources for hotel tourism, Coffee plantation etc 3) some are trying to become TV celebrities like
Megan Merkel ka Prince husband. (कु छ भारतीय राजाओं ने ब्रिटिश हुकू मत से संधि करी क्योंकि वे शत्रु राजा से सुरक्षा चाहते थे। कु छ असल में
कबिलायी मुखिया/सरदार थे, जो ब्रिटिश हुकू मत से संधि द्वारा ख़ुद को राजा के रूप में दर्शाना चाहते थे। यानी कि उन्होंने अपनी कु छ सत्ता/इलाक़ा/राजस्व ब्रिटिश
हुकू मत को दे दी क्योंकि उन्हें दूसरे क़िस्म की सुरक्षा या पदोन्नति चाहिए थी। क्या वर्तमान समय में राजा महाराजाओं का ज़माना चला गया है? उसमें से कु छ अब
राजनेता बन चुके हैं। और कु छ TV सेलिब्रिटी बनने की कोशिश में हैं जैसे कि छोटी बहू मेगन मार्के ल का पति।)

Monazite, garnet, ilmenite and zircon — commonly known as **beach sand. ** monazite → thorium is
extracted. Thorium is a key ingredient of India's three-stage nuclear programme that can be turned into
nuclear fuel after being combined with a fissile material such as plutonium. Beach Sand can also be used in hi-
tech defence electronics application. However, Mining of Beach sand minerals (only Department of Atomic
Energy can do mining) and Offshore mineral mining (currently only through PSUs). Modi government thinking
of permitting private sector entry. (समुद्र तट की रेत खनिजों से परमाणु ईंधन बनाए जा सकते हैं। अभी तक के वल सरकारी संस्थानों को ही इससे
खनन की अनुमति थी हालाँकि मोदी सरकार निजी क्षेत्र के खिलाड़ियों को भी अनुमति देने का सोच रहा है)

Weaponisation of Indian subcontinent- 1981: PM INDIRA Gandhi at her first ever meeting with US President
Ronald Reagan. She opposed to the sale of F-16s in Pakistan that arming Pakistan with sophisticated arms
would aggravate the situation in the area. Reagan listened politely and justified the sale from an American
perspective that the US was aware of India’s fears but decided on the sale of arms “because of its concerns
and obligations” arising from the Soviet presence in Afghanistan. Point to reflect? America and Russia
themselves are to be blamed for the increased weaponisation of the world even after the end of WW2. ( जब
इंदिरा गांधी ने अमरीकी राष्ट्रपति को विरोध जताया कि पाकिस्तान को F-१६ लड़ाकू विमान मत बेचिए, चाहिए वरना इलाक़े में माहौल बिगड़ सकता है। तो राष्ट्रपति
रोनाल्ड रीगन ने बताया कि हालाँकि भारत की ये माँग न्यायोचित है लेकिन शीत युद्ध के दौरान रशिया के बढ़ते प्रभाव को रोकने के लिए पाकिस्तान को लड़ाकू विमान
बेचना अमेरिका की ज़रूरत है। यानी कि द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध के बाद भी निशस्त्रीकरण की जगह अलग अलग देशों को और ज़्यादा शस्त्र देने का काम तो अमरीका और
रशिया ने किया, यही शस्त्रीकरण वर्तमान में कई अंतरराष्ट्रीय विवादों की जड़ है।)
* India has signed contract with the US government for the purchase of MK 54 Torpedo and Expendable (Chaff
and Flares) torpedoes for the Navy’s P-8I maritime surveillance aircraft from US. ( अमेरिका से टॉरपीडो ख़रीदने के लिए
भारत ने समझौता किया)
Defection: Political parties attract two types of leaders 1) individuals driven by ideology and 2) Individuals
driven by personal interest for power. Over time, this balance has tilted towards the #2 type of persons. This
results in power struggle/ internal rebellions / defection. The present system of anti-defection law and whip
system undermined the individuality of MP/MLAs. Either they have to become rubber-stamp of high
command OR they’ve to exit one party to join another party. Some critics argue that anti-defection law /
constitutional provisions should be repealed. In every party will have to win confidence of its own MP/MLAs
for passing/opposing every bill. Will encourage more democracy within the party! ( सामान्य रूप से किसी भी राजनीतिक पक्ष
में दो क़िस्म के लोग आते हैं एक जो पक्ष की विचारधारा के भक्त हैं और २) दूसरे वो जिन्हें विचारधारा से तो कोई लेन देन नहीं किन्तु सत्ता लालसा है. आजकल
विचारधारा नहि, सत्ता लालसा के लिए लोग राजनीतिक पक्षों में आ रहे है। जिसके चलते राजनीतिक पक्षों में आंतरिक लोकतंत्र की कमी है चाटुकारिता और दलबदलू
गिरि ⏫ बढ rhi है। कु छ आलोचक ये मानते हैं कि पक्षांतर क़ानून को ही रद्द कर देना चाहिए- फिर हर एक राजनीतिक पक्ष ने अपने ही सांसद और विधायकों का
विधेयक पास करने के लिए वोट/मत जीतने के लिए उनसे विमर्श करना होगा और राजनीतिक पक्षों में आंतरिक लोकतंत्र में बढ़ोतरी होगी।)

Right to cadre: A lady IAS Shainamol had given Kerala her first cadre preference but (perhaps there were no
vacancies for the home cadre aspirants in that year) so, she was allotted Himachal Pradesh. She appealed to
Kerala High Court & Kerala High Court order the Union govt to send her to Kerala. Union government
appealed to Supreme Court. Supreme Court order that “as a candidate for All-India Service, an IAS/IPS/IFoS
has opted to serve anywhere in the country. They do not have a right to cadre. (So she will have to serve in
Himachal)” (कु ल मिलाकर बात ये है कि एक महिला आइएएस ने के रेला के डर की माँग की थी लेकिन वहाँ पर शायद जगह नहीं थी इसलिए उसे हिमाचल प्रदेश
नियुक्ति दी गई तो उसने के रला हाई कोर्ट में याचिका दायर की के रला हाईकोर्ट ने कें द्र सरकार को कहा कि इसे के रला में नियुक्ति दो → कें द्र सरकार सुप्रीम कोर्ट में
गई → सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा कि अखिल भारतीय सेवा के किसी अफ़सर को कै डर का कोई अधिकार नहीं। उसने पूरे भारत में नौकरी करने के लिए तैयार रहना
चाहिए।)
Hollywood ACTOR ALEC Baldwin fired a prop gun on the set of a Western and killed the cinematographer
accidentally. Prop guns fire blanks, gunpowder charges that produce a flash and a bang but not a hard
projectile. ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ THEN Explained On the set: death of Bruce Lee’s son । (होलिवुड अभिनेता कि नक़ली बंदूक से गोली
चलने पर एक व्यक्ति की मृत्यु)
Self Study: Explained Series- Facebook Metaverse: The post-Internet future

Biden says UNITED States would come to Taiwan’s defence. there was no change in policy towards the island.
although he does not openly say whether or not America would militarily come to Taiwan’s aid in the event of
an attack. China says Taiwan belongs to China. ( अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति ने कहा है कि ताइवान कि वो हमेशा रक्षा करेगा हालाँकि क्या रक्षा के नाम
पर असल में अपनी सेना भेजेगा की नहीं उस पर साफ़ साफ़ कु छ बोल नहीं रहे दूसरी तरफ़ चीन कह रहा है कि ताइवान अलग देश नहीं है वो हमारा 1 टापू है)
Pakistan Foreign Minister says TALIBAN leadership in Afghanistan has vowed to not let its soil be used by
Tehreek-eTaliban Pakistan (TTP) and the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) to carry out terror operations in
neighbouring Pakistan. (अफ़ग़ानिस्तान के तालिबानों ने पाकिस्तान के विदेश मंत्री को ये वचन दिया है कि अफ़ग़ानिस्तान की भूमि को पाकिस्तानी
तालिबान और बलूचिस्तान उग्रवादियों को इस्तेमाल नहीं करने देंगे!)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋MPC Member Varma diverged from policy stance, called for tightening. Win22 Series
IPO: Earlier COAL INDIA IPO was the largest worth ₹15,000 crore. 2021- November 16.6K-cr Paytm (Parent
company One97 Communication) IPO; set to be India’s largest IPO
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Failure of a large NBFC can disrupt small, mid-sized ones: RBI Dy Guv. Common sense. Shadow
Banking. Win21/win20 series
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋G7 reach breakthrough on digital trade, data → let Indian express run explain series then we will
see
A mentor can only help as much because it is the players who will have to go out there and perform the
"actual task”. Players who have to perform the actual task in the middle. How they handle pressure would
determine what the result will be”- Cricketer Sunil Gavaskar. ( गुरु एक हद से ज़्यादा मदद नहीं कर सकता वो तो खिलाड़ी ने ख़ुद ही
जाके असल लड़ाई लड़नी है! )

Although a 10 per cent correction/fall should not worry those who have been investing in stock markets for
20-25 years because they would have seen several ups and downs. But the newbies who have witnessed only
bull-runs in Corona, even 1% fall could be unnerving, same true for UPSC prelims- for Babu-Shona who are 😰
1] under severe stress merely by looking at a few random **Sport/Science/Environment Questions.** 😰2]
under severe stress because of the **Cut-off** bragging by** comment trollers and coaching mafias**. 😰3]
under severe stress because of** some random technical economy / global report comes **and they feel the
need to drop everything else and start studying it.

Vaccination: 21st Oct 2021- INDIA reaching the landmark of 100 crore vaccine doses. 😰Challenges ahead? 1)
Vaccine hesitancy / inaccessibility: out of the 103 crore adult population: only 29 crore people completed both
doses. 42 crores have taken only the first dose. So, approx. 32 crore of the total 103 crore adult population
has not received a single dose so far. 2) Critics are demanding an independent commission to look into the
look into the Covid vaccine deaths. 3) new and deadlier variants. Vaccine may not be able to protect 4) USFDA
approved mixing Covid-19 vaccines and booster doses. Indian authorities yet to take a call. 5) excess
production capacities and manpower recruited. After the entire population is vaccinated what to do with
them- problems of bank NPA & unemployment? (यद्यपि/हालाँकि सौ करोड़ कोरोना टिके लगाए तो गए: आगे की चुनौतियां: 😰इसका
मतलब ये नहीं सौ करोड़ व्यक्तियों को टिके लगाये गई है। अभी भी क़रीब ३२ करोड़ वस्यको के बाक़ी है. 😰टीकाकरण के दौरान जिनकी मृत्यु हुई उनकी निष्पक्ष
जाँच की माँग। 😰वायरस के नए विकृ त स्वरूप के सामने टीकाकरण शायद बेअसर रहे। 😰अमेरिका में अलग अलग कं पनियों के इन टीकों को मिश्रित किया जा
सकता है, एक दो खुराक के बाद तीसरा बूस्टर डोज देने की भी अनुमति है- भारत ने अभी इस पर निर्णय नहीं लिया। 😰फार्मास्युटिकल कं पनियों ने जल्द से जल्द
ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा टिकी बनवाने के लिए ढेर सारी मशीनरी ख़रीदी है और लोगों को नौकरी पर रखा है लेकिन जब ये लक्ष्यअंक हासिल हो जाएंगे तो फिर उन मशीनों
का और उन लोगों का क्या उपयोग रहेगा बैंकों में अनर्जक परिसंपत्तियां और बेरोज़गारी का डर)

right to movement: Noida single mother filed PIL in SC that her right to movement was affected because of
the farmers protest/barricades. SC observed that it was not against people’s right to protest, even on matters
that are sub judice, but such protesters cannot block public roads indefinitely. Supreme Court ordered the
farmers to respond within three weeks. ( भले ही कोई मामला अदालत में चल रहा हूँ फिर भी लोग विरोध प्रदर्शन कर सकते हैं वो उनका
अधिकार है लेकिन ऐसा विरोध प्रदर्शन अन्य लोगों के यातायात के अधिकार पर आक्रमण नहीं करना चाहिए।)
* ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Journalist GAURI LANKESH MURDER (2017) SC restrored Karnataka Control of Organised Crimes
Act (KCOCA), 2000 against an accused
Indian protectionism: 1] average taxes on the imported items increased from 9% (2011) to 14% (2014) 2] India
is imposing anti-dumping duties on more and more number of imported products 3] General Agreements on
Tariffs and Trade (GATT) allows the nations to impose a ban on silver and gold import/exports (presumably to
address the problems in balance of trade/CAD). Nations can also put restrictions on import of any
good/service to prevent the damage to local industry. But, India recently amended Customs Act of 1962,
giving the government the power to ban the import or export of any good (not just gold and silver) if it is
necessary to prevent injury to the “economy”. This is against the spirit of GATT. 😰3) PM Modi’s call to be
“vocal for local” (giving preference to domestically made goods) is creating an ecosystem where imports are
looked at with disdain. (भारत और संरक्षणवाद: पिछले कु छ वर्षों में आयातित सामान पर टेक्ष/कराधान को बहु बढ़ाया गया है। 😰जीएटीटी समझौते के
अनुसार किसी देश की स्थानिक उद्योग को बचाने के लिए आयातित सामान पर बाधाएँ लगाए जा सकते हैं। सोने चाँदी के आयात पर संपूर्ण प्रतिबंध लगाए जा सकते
हैं। लेकिन भारत ने सीमा शुल्क क़ानून में कु छ ऐसे सुधार किए की किसी भी चीज़ पर सम्पूर्ण प्रतिबंध लगाया जा सकता है भारत के अर्थतंत्र को नुक़सान होने से
रोकने के लिए। ऐसा क़ानूनी संशोधन GATT समझौते के मूल सिद्धांतों के विपरीत है। 😰 प्रधानमंत्री के स्थानिक सामान ख़रीदने के आग्रह के चलते आयातित
सामान को घृणा की नज़र से देखा जाता है।)

Self-study Column for CSAT Paper2: Gurnah and the sea of stories. It is highlighting the themes of author
Abdulrazak Gurnah, the Britain-based Tanzanian author who received the 2021 Nobel Prize in literature.

GSM4/Ethics: KARNATAKA BJP MP Hegde wrote this letter to Ceat Tyre Company. “ your recent advertisement
shows actor Aamir Khan advising people against bursting firecrackers on the streets. Yes, this ad is giving a
very good message. Your concern for public issues needs applause. In this regard, I request you to address one
more problem faced by people on roads, i.e., blocking roads in the name of Namaz on Fridays and other
important festive days by Muslims.” 1] As the CEO of the company how will you address this letter? 2]
suppose your PR Manager advises you that a company should not engage in preaching civic behaviour in the
presently chat atmosphere of social media, better to remove the ad and in future avoid social messaging
through ads. Will you (CEO) agree? 3] suppose this advertisement was published in newspapers and then MP
wrote a letter to Press Council of India stating that Ceat would be required to publish another advertisement
about Namaz, then as the chairman of press Council of India how will you address this? (पहिया/टायर कं पनी के एक
विज्ञापन में आमिर ख़ान ने कहा कि सड़कों पर पटाखे न जलाएं! सांसद ने कं पनी को विरोध में पत्र लिखा है कि हालाँकि सड़क सुरक्षा के लिए पटाखे न जलाएं जाए
ऐसा आपका विज्ञापन सराहनीय है किन्तु आप ऐसा भी विज्ञापन क्यों नहीं बना रहे कि मुसलमान नमाज़ पढ़ने के नाम पर सड़कों पर यातायात में बाधा न खड़ी
करें? 🤔१) कं पनी के CEO के रूप में आप इस पत्र को कै से संबोधित करेंगे 🤔२) मान लीजिए कम्पनी का जन संबंध मैनेजर यह सलाह देता है कि कं पनी ने ऐसे
सामाजिक उपदेशों से बचना चाहिए क्योंकि सोशल मीडिया में हंगामा हो सकता है, आमिर ख़ान का विज्ञापन हटाकर हमने सिर्फ़ अपनी कं पनी के प्रोडक्ट के बारे में
जानकारी देनी चाहिए। क्या कं पनी के CEO के रूप में आप इस बात से सहमत होंगे? 🤔३) यदि इस प्रकार का विज्ञापन अख़बार पत्रों में दिया जाए और सांसद
द्वारा प्रेस काउंसिल ऑफ़ इंडिया के अध्यक्ष को फ़रियाद की जाए तो आप अध्यक्ष के रूप में उसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे)
* GSM4: Religion, Superstition and Morality: Bihar earthquake of 1934: Gandhi “Droughts, floods,
earthquakes and the like, though they seem to have only physical origins, are, for me, somehow connected
with man’s morals. Therefore, I feel that the earthquake is a divine chastisement for the great sin we have
committed against those whom we describe as Harijans”. Tagore took offence, “I find it difficult to believe it. It
is all the more unfortunate, because this kind of unscientific view of things is too readily accepted by a large
section of our countrymen. We should not associate ethical principles with cosmic phenomena. Our own sins
and errors, however enormous, have not enough force to drag down the structure of creation to ruins.”
According to you, 1) whose view is correct? And why? (2) Gandhiji wanted people to stop the practice of
untouchability. So even if he's taking a scientifically debatable argument about earthquakes…. is it not justified
because his ‘end goal’ is pure? (19,34 में बिहार में आए भूकं प के बारे में गांधी जी ने ये लिखा है कि अकाल सूखा भूकं प ये सब इंसान की नैतिकता
से उत्पन्न होते हैं मुझे लगता है कि भूकं प एक दैवीय प्रकोप है जो हरिजन समाज के ख़िलाफ़ किए गए अत्याचार की सजा के रूप में भेजा गया है। रवींद्रनाथ टैगोर को
ने इसका विरोध किया, “मुझे दुख है कि इस प्रकार की अवास्तविक और अवैज्ञानिक चीज़ें गांधी जी बता रहे हैं और देश के कई लोग उसका स्वीकार भी कर रहे।
चाहे हमारे अपराध और गलतियाँ कितनी ही बड़ी क्यों न हों लेकिन वो पूरी पृथ्वी को नहीं हिला सकती। हमें नैतिक सिद्धांतों को ब्रह्मांडीय घटनाओं से नहीं जोड़ना
चाहिए”। 🤔१) गांधीजी और टागोर में किसकी राय आपको सही लगती है? 🤔२) गांधीजी की भूकं प और नैतिकता की बात वैज्ञानिक रूप से बहसपूर्ण हो सकती
है, किन्तु उनका इरादा तो नेक था कि लोग दैवीय प्रकोप के डर से भी ग़लत कार्यों से डरे क्या उनका तरीक़ा न्यायोचित नहीं है?
FATF ‘Grey List’- Mauritius removed, Pak remains.

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋BharatNet PPP: Post objections on bid criteria, DoT to issue revised tender. Let them finalise it
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Amazon moves SC against NCLT nod to Future Retail shareholders’. Corporate legal disputes not
important until some really great exam worthy judgement comes
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Bombay HC asks ZEEL to hold EGM as proposed by Invesco. Corporate legal disputes not
important until some really great exam worthy judgement comes
Gati Shakti, or the national master plan for multimodal connectivity: Monitering to be done by empowered
group of secretaries (EGoS) headed by headed by Cabinet Secretary

GM-Rice: in India cultivation of genetically modified rice is prohibited yet the Indian shipment was exported to
European Union which found GM rice. EU authorities extremely sensitive about GM-rice so now calling for
banning the India's rice exports to EU! Possibilities 😰1) five years ago GM-rice trials were going on in Punjab,
Andhra Pradesh, and Maharashtra. Someone may have mixed up the produce / cross pollination and cross
breeding. 2) someone (Business rival enemy nation) deliberately playing mischief of mixing up GM rice to
unsettle India from number#1: rice exporter position. ( भारत में आनुवंशिक रूप से बदलाव किए गए चावल की खेती बाड़ी की अनुमति
नहीं है। भारत से सामान्य क़िस्म का चावल यूरोपीय संघ में निर्यात किया गया था लेकिन परीक्षण से पता चला कि वो तो असल में GM था। यूरोपीय संघ के
सत्ताधीश जिन्हें GM उत्पादों से डर, एतराज़, आशंका हैवे भारतीय चावल पर प्रतिबंध के बारे में सोच रहे हैं। १) भारत सरकार ने बताया कि हमारे देश में GM
चावल उगाया ही नहीं जाता! शायद संभावना ये है कि पाँच वर्ष पहले जो परीक्षण हो रहे थे उसके चलते आकस्मिक रूप से कु छ पैदावार हुई हो। २) जानबूझकर
व्यापारिक प्रतिस्पर्धी या दुश्मन देश ने ऐसी मिलावट की साज़िश की है ताकि भारत को चावल के नंबर वन निर्यातक के रूप में गिराया जा सके ।)

- IBPS PO Recruitment. Last Date 10th Nov. one should prepare as per the requirement of the exam. (Maths,
reasoning, English,…) **No dearth of resources** (complete playlists on YouTube covering the entire
course/syllabus). But speed / accuracy in Maths/Reasoning CANNOT be developed reading solved sums.
You’ve to PRACTICE IT. + Keep **“DIARY OF MISTAKES”. **

**"conscious possession”: **SRK Son Aryan Khan was arrested but drug was not found in his position however
Narco drugs found in possession of his friend Arbaaz Merchant. And from WhatsApp chats it is evident that
Aryan was aware about this. This amounts to conscious position and therefore he cannot be given bail. ( सचेत
भंडारण: हालाँकि शाहरुख़ सूपुत्र आर्यन ख़ान के क़ब्ज़े से नशीले द्रव्य नहीं लेकिन उसके दोस्त के पास नशीले द्रव्य बरामद हुए. वॉट्सऐप चैट से ही प्रतीत होता है
कि आर्यन को ये सब पता था इसलिए वो उसके सचेत कब्ज़े में माना जाएगा और ज़मानत नहीं मिली)
* ** innocent until proven guilty / Burden of Proof/ presumption of innocence: **Such concept not applicable
in NDPS Act / some money laundering / some Terrorism related Acts. Here the accused person has to prove
that he was not going to commit the crime / did not commit the crime. e.g. aryan Khan Whatsapp chat reveal
that he was a drug addict. So he has to prove that he did not have the intention to consume drugs in the
October Cruiz party. (सबूत का बोझ / बेगुनाही का अनुमान: सामान्य रूप से अपराधी पर पुलिस/सरकारी वक़ील अदालत में अपराध साबित न कर पाएँ
तब तक उसे निर्दोष माना जाता है। लेकिन मादक द्रव्य, धनशोधन और आतंकवाद के कु छ क़ानून ऐसे हैं जहाँ पर अपराधी ने साबित करना होता है कि वह निर्दोष है
या उसका अपराध का कोई इरादा नहीं था। शाहरुख़ सूपुत्र आर्यन ख़ान वॉट्सऐप चैट से प्रतीत होता है कि उसे नशा करने की पहले से आदत थी और वो ऐसे
नशेड़ियों की सोबत में था तो आर्यन ने स्वयं साबित करना होगा कि जहाज़ पर पार्टी में नशा करने का उसका कोई इरादा नहीं था।)

GSM4/SRT: Vadodara Municipal Corporation (VMC): govt housing scheme for poor people → Application form
issued. Token system. Daily 100 forms given to token holders. Large crowd gathered 1) social distancing
violated 2) in a rush to get tokens → stampede, many people injured. As municipal commissioner (IAS) how
will you address this? (Points: 😰A] “I will create a app or web portal”- that is already present but every poor
man doesn’t have PC/Smartphone. 😰B] I will encourage rental housing system so everyone does not have to
buy a home! - that is long-term solution what will be your immediate priority?) ( बड़ौदा नगर निगम द्वारा सस्ते आवास योजना
के लिए गरीबों में फ़ॉर्म बाँटे जा रहे थे लेकिन भीड़ इतनी ज़्यादा अधिक भगदड़ में लोग घायल हुए थे। म्यूनिसिपल कमिश्नर के रूप में आप ऐसी दुर्घटनाओं का
पुनरावर्तन कै से रोकें गे? अब ये मत बोलना कि मैं उसका मोबाइल ऐप बना दूँगा - ये काम सलीम काका पहले भी १४ बार कर चुका था, लेकिन सब लोगों के पास
स्मार्टफ़ोन नहीं होता। मैं किराये के मकानों को प्रोत्साहन दूँगा ताकि सब लोग मकान ख़रीदना है लेकिन वो तो दीर्घावधि का उपाय है, तुरंत आपकी प्राथमिकता क्या
होगी?)
October 29: World Stroke Day. Health ministry to release “stroke registry” showing demographic data related
to stroke patients.
October 21 is observed as the Police Commemoration Day to pay homage to 10 CRPF Personnel who died in
1959 at Hot Springs, Ladakh, during an ambush by Chinese soldiers. ( पुलिस स्मृति दिवस - लद्दाख में चीनी सेना द्वारा मारे गए
CRPF जवानों की याद में मनाया जाता है)

Congress giving 40 % tickets in UP to women. Welcome step provided that ordinary grassroot level women
leaders are given the ticket and not those belonging to the elite families. Under SDG Goals India aims to have
50% of the Parliament and Vidhan Sabha seats occupied by women. ( सतत् विकास लक्ष्य में भारत सरकार चाहती है कि संसद और
विधानसभा में आधी संख्या महिलाओं की हो। उत्तर प्रदेश चुनाव में कांग्रेस ने ऐलान किया कि 40% टिकट महिलाओं में बाँटे जाएंगे हालाँकि एक सामान्य महिलाओं
को टिकट मिले तो वास्तविक सशक्तिकरण होगा। ये नहीं कि अमीर और राजनैतिक घराने की महिलाओं को टिकट मिले)
India’s Foreign Aid: On average, India gives foreign aid/development assistance of $6.48 billion and receives
foreign aid of $6.09 billion annually. 2005: Indian Development and Economic Assistance Scheme (IDEAS) was
launched, implemented through the Department of Economic Affairs (DEA) in the Ministry of Finance. India's
foreign aid to other nations has five modalities — capacity building, concessional finance, technology sharing,
grant, duty-free quota-free access to the Indian market. Additionally, we support partner countries in
combating natural disasters (Nepal), political and humanitarian crises (Maldives, Afghanistan), and in building
social infrastructure/schools hospitals (Kenya, Madagascar). Way forward? 1) Project exports (give loans to
poor countries to develop Metrorail but with condition that they have to buy the engine and technology from
India similar to what Japan is doing with Bullet Train) 2) require the poor countries to implement system
similar to Jan Dhan- Aadhar - Mobile (JAM) to ensure that India's money received by real beneficiary, not
siphoned off by corrupt officials. . (प्रति वर्ष भारत को छः बिलियन डॉलर की विदेशी सहायता मिलती है और भारत स्वयं भी ग़रीब देशों को छः
बिलियन डॉलर की विदेशी सहायता देता है। इस योजना का अमल वित् विभाग का आर्थिक मामलों का विभाग करता है। भारत ग़रीब देशों को जो विदेशी सहायता देता
है उसके पाँच स्तंभ हैं- क्षमता निर्माण, रियायती ब्याज पर लोन देना, प्रौद्योगिकी साझा करना, अनुदान देना, आयात पर टैक्स नहीं लगाना। इसके अलावा हम प्राकृ तिक
आपदा राजनीतिक आपदा और सामाजिक बुनियादी अवसंरचना निर्माण के लिए भी ढेर सारा पैसा और मदद देते हैं।🤩 हमने जापान की तरह प्रोजेक्ट निर्यात करना
चाहिए यानी कि किसी देश को रेलवे बनाने के लिए लोन दो इस शर्त के साथ ही एंजिन के डिब्बे भारत से ख़रीदने होंगे।) २) जनधन आधार व मोबाइल जैसी प्रणाली
बनवाई जाए ताकि ग़रीब देश में भी असल लाभार्थी को पैसा मिले भ्रष्टाचार में भारतीय पैसा बर्बाद न हो

Mysuru-born Gita Gopinath was the first-ever woman Chief Economist of the IMF. She will leave her job in
2022 to return to Harvard University teaching profession । (अगले साल आइएमएफ के मुख्य अर्थशास्त्री गीता गोपीनाथ की नौकरी ख़त्म)

GSM4/Leadership: whenever Prime Minister Modi receives a gift in his position as Prime Minister → he
deposits it to gift depository (Toshakhana). Then such gifts are auctioned and money is used for welfare
schemes/girl education etc. But, Pak PM Imran Khan accused of selling gifts he received including a watch
worth $1 million. Points to reflect when the leader himself his petty/greedy the same value system also
percolate down to lower leadership and lower bureaucracy. That there is nothing wrong in accepting the gifts/
using office resources for personal use. ( सामान्य रूप से प्रधानमंत्री या राष्ट्रपति को जो भेंट तोहफ़े दिए जाते हैं उसे सरकारी तोषखाने में जमा
करवाया जाता है बाद में उन तोहफों की नीलामी कर पैसा ग़रीब कल्याण और बेटी पढ़ाओ योजना में इस्तेमाल किया जाता है। लेकिन पाकिस्तानी प्रधानमंत्री इमरान
ख़ान पर आरोप कि उन्हें प्रधानमंत्री के रूप में, किसी विदेशी नेता ने उन्हें एक मिलियन डॉलर की घड़ी तोहफ़े में दी थी, उसे ख़ुद बेच के पैसा खा गए हैं। जब वरिष्ठ
नेता स्वयं ही ऐसा छोटा आचरण करें तो वही सारे मूल्योका अनुसरण नीचे के नेता/अफ़सर करते है।)

European Union’ human rights prize: given to IMPRISONED RUSSIAN opposition leader Alexei Navalny, who is
Russian President Vladimir Putin’s main critic । (रशिया के विपक्षी नेता को यूरोपीय संघ द्वारा मानव अधिकार पारितोषिक दिया गया)

LONG BEFORE Columbus crossed the Atlantic, the Vikings had done it in longboats. They had settlement at the
northern tip of Canada’s island of Newfoundland. Scientists have proved it with analysis of the wood
fragments with new type of Carbon dating technique using a long-ago solar storm as a reference point.
(एटलांटिक समंदर पार कर उत्तर अमेरिकी खंड में पहुँचने वाला कोलंबस फ़ै सला नहीं था उसे पहले भी वाइकिं ग समुदाय के लोग वहाँ पहुँच चुके थे, और कनाडा के
न्यू फ़ाउंडलेंड टापू पर उन्होंने अपना निवास भी जमाया था)

🎓Self Study Explained Series: Buddhist tourism circuit, new Airport at Kushinagar, UP.
[https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/kushinagar-buddhist-pilgrimage-town-and-site-of-big-infra-
push-7582449/]

* 🎓Self Study Explained Series: Election of Dy Speaker- no exact time limit prescribed in the Constitution.
[https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/uttar-pradesh-assembly-deputy-speaker-election-nitin-agrawal-
7582446/]
* ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Army’s counter-terror op in Poonch recalls strike in Hilkaka 18 years ago, Operation Sarp Vinas.

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Uttarakhand landslides cut off Nainital. The Kerala floods, landslides, State government has
opened the doors of the Idukki dam as the state’s largest reservoir is rapidly filling up with heavy rainfall. You
should prepare the entire disaster management segment at once and not as a ** ✋**reactionary approach to
daily answer writing challenges**. (आपदा प्रबंधन का पूरा मुद्दा एक साथ ख़त्म करो.)

- GSM4/SRT: Clothing brand FabIndia launchd new clothes series “Jashn-e-Riwaaz” (celebration of tradition)
saying “As we welcome the festival of love and light, Jashn-e-Riwaaz by Fabindia is a collection that beautifully
pays homage to Indian culture”. Right wing groups have started social media campaign #BoycottFabindia that
“Company is ‘defacing’ the Hindu festival of Deepavali by giving Urdu names. Company is unnecessarily
uplifting secularism and Muslim ideologies in a Hindu festival.” As the company marketing vice president how
will you address this controversy? (✋hint: IAS/IPS role to promote secularism, but Company marketing
managers first role is positive brand image and profitability.) ( कपड़ा कं पनी ने दीवाली के पर्व पर जश्न रिवाज़ नामक मार्के टिंग अभियान
शुरू किया है कु छ हिंदू संगठन ट्विटर पर आपत्ति जता रहे हैं कि दिवाली को उर्दू रंग क्यों दिया जा रहा है, ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा धर्मनिरपेक्षता क्यों दिखाई जा रही है?
मुस्लिम तुष्टिकरण क्यों हो रहा है इत्यादि। कं पनी के मार्के टिंग VP के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)

- zomato food delivery customer asked the customer care executive to refund the money because customer
did not get the food items. Customer care executive refused to help citing language barrier and saying that
“Hindi is our language so you should know little bit of Hindi.” Tamil customer started Twitter trend Zomato HR
Manager fired the employee to calm the twitter mob. Then counter twitter-trend started that “customer care
executive is a young person. His mistake is not so grave that he should be removed from the job! Company
should not become hostage to twitter trends.” As Zomato CEO how will you address this? ( Zomato के तमिल ग्राहक
की कस्टमर के यर प्रतिनिधि ने मदद नहीं की क्योंकि ग्राहक हिन्दी नहीं आती थी। ट्विटर पर हंगामा हुआ तो कं पनी के HR विभाग ने कस्टोमर के यर एक्जिक्यूटिव को
नौकरी से निकाल दिया। तो फिर वापस विवाद हुआ कि वो तो नया लड़का है उसकी गलती इतनी गंभीर नहीं है कि उसे नौकरी से निकाल दिया जाए! और सिर्फ़
ट्विटर पर कोई चीज़ ट्रेंड हो जाएगी तो क्या उसी हिसाब से ग्राहकों का तुष्टिकरण होगा? कं पनी के CEO के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)

GSM4/SRT: Ahmedabad municipal Corporation offering cooking to get poor people vaccinated. Instances in
Raipur-Khadiya area wherein Poor people take the vaccine get the cooking oil and then barter it with the
illegal liquor dens for alcohol. As Municiple commissioner (IAS) how will you address this? Angles 1) if you say
E-Rupi se cooking oil dedo → and also bartering is possible from cooking oil to liquor. 2) IEC ki pipudi ✋ why
do you always expect that giving the roses will result in change of heart? ( अहमदाबाद म्युनिसिपल है निगम द्वारा कोरोना
टीकाकरण के लिए गरीबों को लुभाने के लिए खाद्य तेल दिया जा रहा है लेकिन पाया गया कु छ ग़रीब टीकाकरण के बाद खाद्य तेल कि थेलिया लेकर देशी दारू के
ठेके पर उसकी एवज़ में शराब की थेलिया लिए ख़रीद रहे हैं। म्युनिसिपल कमिशनर के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे)
Vadodara Mayor and MP got into a verbal fight / altercation with a police inspector at a public event, after
the inspector asked the mayor to vacate a chair to maintain social distancing for Covid-19. The police
inspector was recently transferred to Vadodara and did not know the faces of Mayor and MP. Complain has
reached the State Home Minister, who has directed that all the police inspectors and get transferred to new
area must go for introductory/courtesy visit to all the important persons in the city to prevent re-occurrence
of such incidents. Social Media activists has now Twitter-tagged the DGP (IPS) that rules apply to everyone and
Home Minister's present order is insinuating that “important persons of the city” may be exempted from
social distancing rules, traffic rules, loudspeaker rules etc! This is violation of article 14. How will you address
this? (एक सार्वजनिक कार्यक्रम में मेयर और सांसद को दूर दूर कु र्सियों में बैठने के लिए पुलिस अफ़सर ने कहा ताकि कोरोना में सोशल डिस्टस का पालन हो
सके हालाँकि, नेताओं का ये कहना है पुलिस अफ़सर ने हमारे साथ बदतमीज़ी की और हमारा सम्मान नहीं किया। शायद पुलिस अफ़सर कि नया नया तबादला हुआ
था इसलिए वो चेहरे से नेताओं को नहीं पहचानता था इसलिए ज़्यादा सख़्ती से पेश आया। शिकायत राज्य के गृह मंत्री तक पहुँची और गृह मंत्री ने आदेश दिया है कि
तबादले के बाद नए स्थान पर पुलिस इंस्पेक्टर ने शहर के सभी नामी क़द्दावर मशहूर महत्वपूर्ण लोगों की शुभेच्छा मुलाक़ात लेनी चाहिए, कि भविष्य में ऐसी
गलतफहमियां न हो। हालाँकि सोशल मीडिया पर लोग एतराज़ जता रहे हैं कि ऐसा करने पर शहर के बड़े लोगों को ट्राफ़िक, लाउडस्पीकर, कोरोना इत्यादि नियमों में
अलग से छू ट दी जाएगी जबकि क़ानून सबके लिए एक समान होना चाहिए! डीजीपी के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे)
GSM4/SRT: migrants are running away from Jammu Kashmir after terrorist begin killing non-Muslim outsiders.
This is also affecting the social distancing at bus stations, local businessmen are suffering due to lack of
workers. As IAS/IPS how will you address this? आतंकवादियों के डर से जम्मू कश्मीर से पलायन कर रहे प्रवासी मज़दूरों का पलायन रोकने के
लिए अफ़सर के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे?

“EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo-Pacific” document. 1) French View: India must be seen as an
important partner in this. India can also help us in maritime security, pharmaceutical etc. 2) Germany view:
Japan, ASEAN more important because they can provide us electronic chips for our auto mobile industry etc.
Overall, German view has prevailed. And In terms of partnerships, India does not figure very prominently in
this EU vision document. By and large, the Indo-Pacific strategy of the EU remains driven by economic
considerations and India, whose main asset is geopolitical and even geostrategic, does not figure prominently
in it. (यूरोपियन संघ/यूनियन की हिंद-प्रशांत में सहकार के लिए रणनीति: फ़्रान्स का मानना है कि भारत इसमें काफ़ी मदद कर सकता है हालाँकि जर्मनी का मानना
है कि भारत से ज़्यादा जापान ताइवान और आसियान समूह के अन्य देश अधिक महत्वपूर्ण है क्योंकि वे हमें इलेक्ट्रॉनिक चिप और दूसरा ज़रूरी सामान निर्यात कर
सकते हैं। अंततः इस दस्तावेज़ में जर्मनी का रवैया ज़्यादा पाया गया यानी की भारत को यूरोपीय संघ ने हिंद-प्रशांत इलाक़े में अपना महत्वपूर्ण साथी नहीं बताया है।
शायद इसलिए क्योंकि यूरोपीय संघ ने अपनी रणनीति आर्थिक उद्देश्य से बनायी है और भारत की सेना तो मज़बूत है लेकिन अर्थतंत्र इतना मज़बूत नहीं)

- gender inequality in Lawyer profession: 1) there is no law/rules/regulation the minimum fees. clients choose
female lawyers so that they can pay lesser amounts in fees. 2) while there is reservation for women in many
State PSC jobs, but there is no such Women reservation for the positions for a public prosecutor, thereby
rendering women government pleaders extremely rare. 3) unusable restrooms, lack of creches in courts,
non-recognition of maternity leaves. 4) Most women practising in the courtroom are pigeonholed into
practising family law, divorce/ domestic violence cases or women’s rights law. Rarely making a big name in the
criminal prosecution or commercial disputes. 5) lack of role models from grassroot: because the
magazines/blogs tend to spotlight female lawyers from corporate sector (usually daughters/wives of some
rich/big father/husband.) 😰IMPACT? To become HC/SC judge, person requires experience/exposure/fame
but female lawyers deprived of it. ( वकालत व्यवसाय में लैंगिक असमानता के विविध कारण । जिसके चलते महिला वक़ील पुरुषों के मुक़ाबले अनुभव
और शोहरत कम हासिल कर पाती है जिसके चलते महिला जजों की संख्या भी बढ़ नहीं पाती)
Goa Bhumipurta Bill: passed in Vidhan Sabha to give House ownership right to disputed/illegal occupants but
lot of negative sentiments in local public/opposition that non-Goan migrants will occupy all homes etc so
state government decided not to send it to the Governor so it will be allowed to lapse. CM: Bhumiputra Bill
won’t be sent to Governor (यदि कोई व्यक्ति 30 सालों से किसी विवादित मकान में रह रहा है जिसकी मालिकी का विवाद चल रहा है तो वह दंड की
कु छ रक़म सरकार में जमा कर उसका क़ानूनन मालिक बन सकता है गोवा सरकार ऐसा भूमिपुत्र विधेयक लायी थी विधानसभा में पास भी हो गया लेकिन स्थानीय
जनता नाराज़ है कि प्रवासी मज़दूर इसकी मदद से मकानों पर क़ब्ज़ा कर लेंगे अंततः सरकार ने तय किया कि राज्यपाल गवर्नर को ये पास हुआ भी नहीं भेजा
जाएगा. ताकि वह व्यपगत/ख़ारिज हो जाए )

IMF unveiled its 2nd World Economic Outlook (WEO). The IMF comes out with the report twice every year —
April and October. ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋We will not waste time studying it because we should focus only on the data
that is published in the economic survey 2022 from exam point of view.
Self-Study: Explained series on NIHANG.
PIN: USA Rapper KANYE West renamed “YE”
Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania has a glaciar but it will be lost to climate change

RUSSIA on Afghanistan: 1) while we will provide foreign aid to the country but we will not recognise Taliban
yet. 2) TALIBAN have promised plots of land to relatives of suicide bombers who attacked US and Afghan
soldiers. Such gestures are unlikely to win the international support.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Kidnappers in Haiti demand $17 mn to free US missionary group
presently RBI invests its forex reserves mostly in Government securities of foreign countries and Gold. But RBI
put suggest that it should be invested in shares/equities for better profit/return. ( रिज़र्व बैंक ने आरक्षित विदेशी मुद्रा
निधि/कोष का पैसा विदेशी सरकारों के बांड की जगह शेयर बाज़ार में निवेश करना चाहिए ताकि उसे ज़्यादा मुनाफ़ा हो सके ।)
ProShares Bitcoin Strategy ETF- first Bitcoin-linked exchange-traded fund in the US. What is Bitcoin? Explained
in Pillar1A1 lecture. how ETFs work- Explained in Pillar1C lecture

- Global Food Security Ranking: Index was designed by London-based Economist Impact and is sponsored by
Corteva Agriscience. 🤩 Indicators: measures the factors of affordability, availability, quality and safety, and
natural resources and resilience.🤩 Rank#1: Ireland, Australia, the UK, Finland, Switzerland, the Netherlands,
Canada, Japan, France and the US. 😰India: 71st position among 113 nations. Pakistan Sri Lanka Nepal and
Bangladesh behind India while China is ahead of India. ( ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ low profile report not greatly important. )
- Mercer CFA Institute Global Pension Index for 2021: Rank#1- Iceland. India #40 among 47 nations. (⚾️📻⚾️🎓
✋ low profile report not greatly important. )
Vaccine compulsion: Australian government said unvaccinated players will NOT get visas to enter for
Australian Open tournament. This affects Tennis star NOVAK DJOKOVIC.

prime minister 60 point action plan 1) Single environment Act, 2) birth certificate will have citizenship info, 3)
jobs clause in FTAs. 4) ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy mechanism 5) Strengthen NCC in border 6) Adopt Odisha
model for promotion of sports nationally. But, ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ not important first of all let them actually start
implementation (प्रधानमंत्री का 60 बिंदु का कार्यक्रम-जन्म प्रमाण पत्र में ही नागरिकता का भी ज़िक्र हो, मुक्त व्यापार समझौते में रोज़गार का ज़िक्र हो, खेल
को प्रोत्साहन के लिए ओडिशा मॉडल को पूरे भारत में अपनाया जाए सरहदी इलाकों में NCC को प्रोत्साहन दिया जाए इत्यादि लेकिन असल में उन्हें ये सब
आधिकारिक रूप से घोषणा करने दो, बाद में पढ़ेंगे।)
WORLD Health Organisation (WHO) wants more data from Bharat Biotech on its Covid-19 vaccine Covaxin,
before grant of Emergency Use Listing (EUL). Benefits of getting EUL? 1) company’s vaccine takers will be valid
for international travel. 2) company’s vaccine can be procured for the COVAX network. ( विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन ने
कोवैक्सीन को भी आपातकालीन इस्तेमाल की अनुमति से पहले ज़्यादा डेटा देने का आदेश दिया .)
Prasar Bharati (statutory body under Ministry of information broadcasting) has large archive of historically
significant footage, such as the constituent assembly debates etc. It wants to sell all these videos and photos
to satellite TV channels and OTT platforms (Netflix Amazon prime Disney Hotstar) for “monetisation”. 😰
Criticism? Sad that monetisation has gone to the level of marketing historical treasures. 2) OTT platforms may
use such footage to rewrite history to suit the narrow political gains and create distortions are there on
international agenda. (प्रसार भारती के पास ऐतिहासिक मूल्य वाली कई फोटोग्राफ और वीडियो है जो कि वह निजी चैनलों को बेचकर पैसा बटोरना
चाहता है। विपक्ष निंदा कर रहा है कि पैसा कमाने के दाम पर हर एक सरकारी चीज़ को क्यों बेचा जा रहा है?-भले वो ऐतिहासिक धरोहर क्यों न हो? २) निजी
चैनलों द्वारा उन ही ऐतिहासिक वीडियो क्लिप को तोड़ मरोड़कर विकृ त रूप से इतिहास को दर्शाया जाए, राजनीतिक लाभ के लिए धार्मिक वैमनस्य पैदा किया जाए
इत्यादि।)

GSM4/SRT: A MAN attempted self-immolation on the Vadodara district court. His reasoning: “My brother had
been arrested in a case but the lawyers had not been paying heed to his questions. The lawyers have been
telling me to approach the Supreme Court. Not a single lawyer is answering my questions or explaining the
case. While celebrity kids like Aryan Khan getting a team of lawyers working day and night to get him bailed
out. What is a poor man supposed to do for his brother?” If he is your neighbour, then what advice or
counselling when you give to this man? ( बड़ौदा की जिला अदालत में एक व्यक्ति ने आत्मदाह की कोशिश की। उसने कारण दिया दिया कि उसका
भाई काफ़ी समय से जेल में है लेकिन कोई वक़ील उसको सही तरीक़े से मदद/सलाह नहीं दे रहा, और सीधा सुप्रीम कोर्ट जाने की सलाह देता है। एक तरफ़ आर्यन
ख़ान की ज़मानत के लिए वकीलों की फ़ौज खड़ी है लेकिन ग़रीब आदमी की क़ानूनन मदद के लिए कोई नहीं है। तो इस व्यक्ति के पड़ोसी के रूप में आप उसे क्या
सलाह देंगे?) 250 words. Hint- 1) NALSA, SALSA, TELELAW App. 2) Case Study abt self-immolation in court premise:
possible mistake in the answer writing could be candidate focusing too much on the constitutional provisions /
government schemes available for free legal aid to poor. But not writing the ethical aspect that trying to
commit suicide is wrong. (गरीबों का मुफ़्त में क़ानूनी सहायता के लिए संविधान और कौन सी सरकारी योजनाएँ उस पर तो लोग लंबी चौड़ी जवाब
लिखेंगे लेकिन इंसाफ़ के लिए आत्महत्या करना क्यों ग़लत है उसकी भी ज़िक्र करना ज़रूरी)
GSM4: religious gurus- Dera Sacha Sauda chief Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh to life in prison for murdering
employee. A fine of Rs 31 lakh for compensation to victim family. ( धर्मगुरु राम रहीम को हत्या के मामले में आजीवन कारावास।
किसी जवाब के उदाहरण के लिए उपयोगी, क्योंकि जुर्म क़ानूनन रूप से साबित हो चुका है।)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋BANGLADESH Temples attacked → Protest in Assam’s Barak Valley
India Afghanistan: India has invited the national security advisers of Afghanistan’s neighbours — Pakistan,
Iran, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China, and Russia — to join the consultations on regional security ( अफ़ग़ानिस्तान की
सुरक्षा समीक्षा के लिए भारत ने अफ़ग़ानिस्तान के पड़ोसी देशों के राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा सलाहकारों की परिषद का आयोजन किया है)

Middle Eastern Quad: FIRST-EVER MEETING between the foreign ministers of India, Israel, the United Arab
Emirates, and the United States. 2020: Donald trump’s Abraham Accords to mediate peace between Israel and
its neighbouring countries. US wants to downsize its expansive role in the Middle East developed since the
1970s. While USA is unlikely to quit the region due to its oil interests, but it wants to reduce some of its
regional burdens and strengthen its local partnerships. India should take this opportunity for improving
economic and strategic ties with middle Eastern nations. This can help India building a new QUAD similar to
Australia, India, Japan and the United States. ( मध्यपूर्व में भारत इज़राइल UAE तथा अमरीका के विदेश मंत्रियों की साझा बैठक। अमेरिका
मध्यपूर्व में संपूर्ण रूप से हटना तो नहीं चाहता लेकिन अपनी ज़िम्मेदारियों को थोड़ा कम करना चाहता है भारत के लिए यह अच्छा मौक़ा है देशों के साथ अपने
आर्थिक और सामरिक रिश्तों को मज़बूत करने का)
Coal Shortage: While India has the world’s fifth-largest coal reserves. Theoretically, therefore, there is no
physical shortage as we can mine as much as we want to. But Govt company Coal India's capacity is limited
because 1) does not have the technology to continue mining in the rainy season 2) its profits are not
reinvested in expansion of the mining activities/research but rather to give as dividend (so as to help
government in its welfare schemes and Fiscal deficit management) 3) so we have to rely on imports but China
and Australia coal mining activities have facing problems by the environment lobby. → those foreign coal
mining company is required to invest in the green technology which is increasing their cost of production →
expensive coal import for India. (वैसे तो भारत में कोयले के आरक्षित भंडार विपुल मात्रा में है लेकिन सरकारी कं पनी कोल इंडिया के पास बारिश में
खनन करने की अच्छी टेक्नोलॉजी नहीं है सरकारी कम्पनी को जो भी मुनाफ़ा होता है ज़्यादातर पैसा लाभांश डिविडेंड के रूप में सरकार को दे दी है जबकि उसने
मुनाफ़े की रक़म से खनन की नई नई टेक्नोलॉजी और मशीनरी ख़रीदी चाहिए। जिसके चलते घरेलू उत्पाद में कमी विदेशी आयात में बढ़ोतरी। इसके अलावा चीन और
ऑस्ट्रेलिया में भी कोयला खनन पर विविध पर्यावरण नियमों के चलते कोयला महँगा हुआ है/ आपूर्ति में कटौती हुई है)

Coal Mining is a necessary evil: Australia ki Greta Thurnberg- Anjali Sharma filed PIL to stop coal mining
activities in New South Wales. But the court rejected the plea (due to possible job losses and economic loss
after burning coal mining) however court directed the government to be more conscious about environment
and future generations. In India to previous economic surveys have observed that we cannot stop coal mining
completely despite attempts of Carbon imperialism by 1st World. ऑस्ट्रेलिया में जनहित याचिका की कोयला खनन पर प्रतिबंध लगे
लेकिन अदालत ने प्रतिबंध नहीं लगाया क्योंकि आर्थिक वृद्धि और रोज़गार के लिए कोयला खनन को संपूर्ण रूप से प्रतिबंध नहीं कर सकते हालाँकि अदालत ने
सरकार को आदेश दिया कि भविष्य की पीढ़ियों के लिए पर्यावरण का ख्याल रखा जाए। भारत में भी आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण इसी प्रकार की बातें पहले कर चुका है

- China's GDP growth falling because 1) real estate evergrande company crisis is that we learned yesterday 2)
Chinese government becoming more strict on private sector companies like JackMa’s Ali-baba and even
banned paid coaching/e-learning sites. This is discouraging foreign investors. 3) Young population declining →
ageing workers → ⏫higher wages affecting the profitability and making certain foreign companies to shift
production in other nations. 4) China wants to conclude foreign trade deals with USA and European Union and
so far show-baazi trying to become strict on on environment/coal mining/emission reforms → it also
affecting the manufacturing and energy sector. चीन की आर्थिक वृद्धि दर में गिरावट आ रही है क्योंकि मकान विनिर्माण कं पनियों में आर्थिक
संकट। निजी क्षेत्र की कं पनियों पर सरकार की सख़्ती के चलते विदेशी निवेश पर ख़राब असर। अमेरिका और यूरोप के साथ व्यापारिक समझौते के लिए चीनी सरकार
पर्यावरण के नियमों को सख़्त कर रही है जिसे स्थानीय उत्पादन और ऊर्जा क्षेत्र को ख़राब असर।
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋India, Israel to renew negotiations on FTA. LET THEM COMPLETE.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Explained: Why October’s been so rainy. अक्टू बर महीने में ज़्यादा बारिश क्यों हो रही है इस पर लंबी चौड़ी एक्सप्लेन सीरीज़
बनायी तो है लेकिन मुझे एक ख़ास मज़ा नहीं आया परीक्षा के लिए
If carbon emissions continue at current levels, then polar ice will disappear by 2100 — and, along with it,
creatures such as seals and polar bears यदि कार्बन उत्सर्जन को क़ाबू में नहीं रखा तो वर्ष २१००में सारी बर्फ़ पिघल जाएगी और ध्रुवीय भालू
विलुप्त हो जाएंगे
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Russia shuts down mission to NATO in spy row retaliation

GSM4/ role of parents: There are many reasons for adolescents to misbehave, and the lack of or inappropriate
family education is the major cause, China’s parliament will consider legislation to punish parents if their
young children exhibit “very bad behaviour” or commit crimes. Previously, Chinese government also imposed
regulations to 1) ⏬online game addiction 2) ⏬“blind” worship of internet celebrities. यदि बच्चे किशोर नाबालिग अपराधी
करें बतमीजी करें दुर्व्यवहार करें तो कहीं न कहीं उसके माँ बाप की भी ज़िम्मेदारी है कि सही से परवरिश नहीं की है संस्कार सिंचन नहीं किया। इसके लिए चीनी
सांसद ऐसा क़ानून बनाने जा रही है जहाँ बद्तमीज़ आपराधिक बच्चों के लिए उनके माँ बाप को भी सजा हो सकती है। इससे पहले भी चीनी सरकार ऑनलाइन गेमिंग
की लत बंद करवाने के लिए सख़्त नियम बना चुकी है उसी तरह कु छ इंटरनेट सेलिब्रिटी की अंधी भक्ति से किशोरों को बचाने के लिए भी कु छ सख़्त नियम बना चुकी
है।
Facebook plans to build “the metaverse,” a futuristic notion for connecting online users via augmented and
virtual reality.
M1 Pro and M1 Max - new computer CPU chips designed by Apple company for its MacBook laptops.
Microsoft's also planning to build its own CPU chips for the surface laptops. Lesson? Competition brings
innovation, duopoly of Intel-AMD in CPU market Will be affected. अपने लैपटॉप के लिए स्वयं की CPU कि बना रहा है Apple
कं पनी। माइक्रोसॉफ्ट भी कु छ ऐसा इरादा रखता है। प्रतिस्पर्धा नवाचार को जन्म देती है।

Hypersonic missiles - travel at a **speed five times that of sound. **But they are slower than ballistic missiles,
they are harder to intercept and can be manoeuvred. **Scramjets technology** is used for hypersonic
missiles. Scramjet are a category of engines designed to handle airflows of speeds in multiples of the speed of
sound. US, Russia India, and China are developing. China secretly developing this. India testing** Hypersonic
Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV),** with a capability to travel at six times the speed of sound. ( आवाज़
से भी तेज चलने वाले मिसाइल जो उस स्क्रे मजेट टेक्नोलॉजी/प्रौद्योगिकी का इस्तेमाल करते हैं। भारत चीन सहित अलग अलग देश इसका परीक्षण कर रहे हैं)

GSM4/SRT: Saurashtra University (SU) recruitment of 88 faculty members. NSUI (Congress Student outfit) has
alleged that a secret WhatsApp group has been formed for the favourite candidates who’ve paid bribes/close
to BJP. Thus the entire recruitment process has been maligned and needs to be cancelled. Although the
candidates named in such Whatsapp screenshot deny involvement. Academic work is not going out the full
pace due to shortage of teachers. As the Vice Chancellor how will you address this crisis? ( यूनिवर्सिटी में अध्यापकों की
नियुक्ति प्रक्रिया में धाँधली के आरोप वाट्सएप स्क्रीन शॉट जारी किए गए जहाँ पर भी एक ऐसा वॉट्सएप ग्रुप बनाया गया है जिसमें ऐसे उम्मीदवारों की चैटिंग चल रही
है जिन्होंने या तो बहाली के लिए पैसा दिया है या सत्ता पक्ष से सिफ़ारिश लेकर आए हैं। सोशल मीडिया में बवाल चल रहा है, आरोपी उम्मीदवार कह रहे हैं ये सब
फ़र्ज़ी स्क्रीन शॉट हैं। अध्यापकों की क़िल्लत के चलते पढ़ाई की प्रक्रिया भी रुकी हुई है। उप कु लपति के रूप में आप इस समस्या को कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)

Tax Avoidance: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Two-Pillar Solution to
Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. Pillar1- Applies to about 100 of the
biggest and most profitable MNEs. They need to re-allocates part of their profit to the countries where they
sell their products and provide their services. This will help countering the base erosion and profit shifting.
Pillar2: Any company with over 750 million EURO annual revenue would now be subject to an effective
minimum rate of 15 per cent. 🤩BENEFIT? 1] developing countries will get more tax revenue. 2] tax heavens like
Mauritius will loose their charm for tax avoidance/tax evasion. ( अर्थतंत्र के डिजिटल करण के चलते कर चुनौतियां: OECD संगठन ने
द्वि-स्तंभिय प्रस्ताव दिया: स्तंभ#१: सबसे बड़ी सौ बहुराष्ट्रीय कं पनियों ने अपने मुनाफ़े का कु छ हिस्सा उन देशों को देना होगा जहाँ पर वे अपनी वस्तु और सेवा ही
बेचते हैं। स्तंभ#२: ऐसी कं पनी जिनकी वार्षिक आय ७५० मिलियन यूरो सेज़्यादा है उन्होंने 15% न्यूनतम कर देना होगा। इन सबसे कर परिहार में कटौती होगी
विकासशील देशों को ज़्यादा पैसा मिलेगा और कर स्वर्ग तबाह हो जाएंगे। )
History self-study columns on: Gandhi, Savarkar
Space film “Challenge” shot on International Space Station (ISS). Starring Cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy, Russian
actress Yulia Peresild and film director Klim Shipenko. अंतरराष्ट्रीय अवकाश कें द्र. पर बनी यह फ़िल्म. रशियन अभिनेत्री ने लिया हिस्सा-
करंट ऑफ़िस वाले इसको इतनी ज़्यादा फ़ु टेज क्यों दे रहे हैं? और बाबू सोने क्यों इस ग़लतफ़हमी में है कि ये ही भारतीय परीक्षाओं के लिए सबसे ज़रूरी समाचार
है? इस तरह के सामूहिक पागलपन से बचिए
Spain → Canary Islands → isle of La Palma volcanic eruption. ये टापू पर काफ़ी समय से ज्वालामुखी फ़ट रहा है
IMF Quota REFORMS: after IMF chief Kristalina Georgia was accused to manipulating World Bank Ease of
Doing Business reports…. Now the critics are demanding further reforms in the IMF system. IMF-SDR system
quota is allotted based on the size of economy. So 😾Demand1] China should be given equal or higher quota
than USA because its GDP is large. 😾 Demand2] quota share of BRICS countries need to be increased
significantly,” 😾 Demand3] India and other countries are now capable of arranging the foreign currency on
their own from the market and from allied nations through currency swap agreements so IMF should focus
more on helping lower income countries. ( कु ल मिलाकर बात यह है कि अंतरराष्ट्रीय मौद्रिक कोष के संगठन में सुधार की माँग चल रही है कि
वहाँ पर चीन का कोटा भी अमेरिका के बराबर हो, ब्रिक्स देशों का कोटा भी बढ़ाया जाए। IMF ने ग़रीब देशों की मदद के लिए ज़्यादा ध्यान देना चाहिए क्योंकि भारत
जैसे देश देश मुद्रा संकट के दौरान बाज़ार से भी लोन का इंतज़ाम कर सकते हैं। ) **More in Mrunal’s Win22 Series.**

AI-Limitations: to reduce the worker salary burden, Facebook uses more and more of artificial intelligence (AI)
to flag/remove inappropriate content but 😰Limitation1] its AI not fully trained on foreign languages. They
were unable to remove the hate speech in Assam is language because they neither have artificial intelligence
or human workers knowing Assamese language. 😰Limitation 2] Facebook’s AI cannot consistently identify
shooting videos, racist rants, sometimes difference between cockfighting and car crashes”. 😰Limitation3]
Facebook only removes “a low single-digit percent” of hate speech content, ( फ़े सबुक की कृ त्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता आपत्तिजनक पोस्ट
हटाने में प्रभावी नहीं है। असम जैसे प्रदेशों की स्थानीय भाषाओं में लिखे गए आपत्तिजनक पोस्ट हटाने के लिए न तो फ़े सबुक के पास कृ त्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता है और न ही
कर्मचारी। )

Indian Space Association - Launched in 2021. Members: Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and private
telecom companies such as Bharti Airtel’s One Web, Tata Group’s Nelco, L&T, MapMyIndia. 🤩Benefit: Like
NASSCOM, ASSOCHAM this space-industry lobby group will be able to put forward their demands to govt
more effectively, and will be able to coordinate internal for better business expansion. ( भारतीय अवकाश संगठन बनाया
गया है 2021 में जिसमें इसरो और निजी क्षेत्र की कं पनियां शामिल हैं. लोग आपस में ज़्यादा समन्वय कर पाएंगे और सरकार के समक्ष अपनी बातों को ज़्यादा
मज़बूती से रख पाएंगे)
projects for providing internet connectivity to inaccessible areas As well- SpaceX’s StarLink, Airtel Sunil Bharti
Mittal’s OneWeb, Amazon’s Project Kuiper. ( दुर्गम प्रदेशों में सस्ते इंटरनेट के लिए ये अलग अलग प्रॉजेक्ट चल रहे हैं)

☯️GSM4/Case Study: “Blue LIE to find missing Son?” 2018: 20 years old Latesh Patel runaway from home after
filling in the engineering college exam fearing that his father will reprimand him. 2021: parents come to know
that he is working in Bangaluru. So they go to Corona vaccination camp and request the government doctor to
check Aadhar number of son. Government doctor finds that indeed son had taken vaccine few days back.
Now the parents request the doctor, “1) please tell us the new mobile number of our son.” Doctor says that
will be a breach of the privacy of COWIN/Aadhar. Then parents say, “please call him from your (doctor’s)
mobile phone, tell him some Blue lie that you were the person who received 100 croreth injection so
CM/PM/Bollywood hero wants to take photo with you.” So that we can meet him. Doctor asked them to
approach the police to find the missing son but parents say they have already lodged a complaint since 2018,
and police has not bother to check anything till 2021! What should Dr. do? (20 साल का एक लड़का कॉलेज की परीक्षा में फ़े ल
होने के बाद घर से भाग गया 2018 में. 2021: परिवार वाले ढूंढते ढूंढते बेंगलुरु पहुँचे और कोरोना टीकाकरण के कैं प में उन्होंने अपने बेटे का आधार नंबर डॉक्टर
को दिखाया डॉक्टर ने COWIN डेटाबेस से पाया कि वाक़ई में वो बेटा कु छ दिन पहले ही यहाँ पर टीका लगवाकर गया था. माँ बाप ने डॉक्टर से बिनती की हमें
इसका मोबाइल नंबर दीजिए लेकिन डॉक्टर ने मना कर दिया कि COWIN/Aadhar निजता का उल्लंघन होगा. तो माँ बाप ने वापस बिनती की कि डॉक्टर साब
आप ख़ुद उसे फ़ोन करके यहाँ बुलवाइए कोई बहाना बनाकर कि “बेटा तुम ही वो व्यक्ति हो जिसे सौ करोडवाँ टीका लगवाया गया इसलिए तुम इधर अस्पताल वापस
आ जाओ मोदीजी/मुख्यमंत्री बॉलीवुड स्टार तुम्हारे साथ फ़ोटो खिंचवाना चाहते हैं!” ताकि हम (माँबाप) उसे मिल सके और घर आने के लिए मना सके . डॉक्टर ने
कहा ✋आप पहले पुलिस मैं जायिए!”. लेकिन माँ बाप रोने लगे कि पिछले चार साल से पुलिस वालों ने कु छ नहीं किया तो अब क्या मदद करेंगे हमारी!!? आप ही
मदद कीजिए!” 🤔प्रश्न: डॉक्टर के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे?- क्या आप मानवतावादी रवैया अपनाएंगे या सरकारी नियमों की पीपूडी बजाएंगे)
Electric vehicles: Gujarat Govt’s Go Green scheme for providing subsidy for purchase of electric vehicle for
workers up to 30 per cent of the vehicle's cost or Rs 30000, whichever is less. Rationale? 1) because of Corona
social distancing and lock downs workers are using individual vehicles rather than public transport 2) Price of
the fossil fuel is increasing. 3) Electric vehicles are more environment friendly. 😥Counter argument: 😥1)
Government should encourage public transport and not in individual vehicles 😥2) Electric vehicles are not
necessarily environment friendly if the electricity is generated through coal. 😥3) RBI has already reduced the
loan rates to a great extent and giving further subsidies only increases the deficit for populism. ( गुजरात राज्य सरकार
मज़दूरों को इलेक्ट्रिक वाहन ख़रीदने के लिए 30, हज़ार रुपया तक की सब्सिडी देगी इसके पक्ष और विपक्ष में तर्क )

* GSM4/ Corruption: corporate houses and businessmen, who are connected with the government for
business interests, give gifts in Diwali such expensive articles, gift vouchers, air travel to a foreign country and
stay in expensive hotels. In many cases, officials accept Such gifts are nothing but kickbacks paid by the
people to get work done. So, it is also a form of bribery and government employees will be booked under the
Prevention of Corruption Act. -said THE GUJARAT Anti Corruption Bureau (ACB). ( दिवाली के दौरान उद्योगपतियों से उपहार
स्वीकारना भी सरकारी अफ़सर द्वारा भ्रष्टाचार माना जाएगा और उसकी भ्रष्टाचार विरोधी क़ानून में गिरफ़्तारी हो सकती है)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋no column is worth reading. 1) Pratap Bhanu Mehta: defending SRK son 2) dyscalculia: not
affecting population at large to become a 250 words question 3) C Raja Mohan on Pakistan problem but
microscopic and nothing new 4) some column on 100 cr crore vaccination 5) ‘Jim Crow Hindutva’. ( कोलम के नाम
पे टाइम पास ही है)

Freedom of speech: Prakash Jha making web-series Aashram-3 in Bhopal- Bobby Deol, who plays a charlatan
posing as a religious leader. Bajrang Dal activists threw ink on Prakash Jha. Madhya Pradesh State home
Minister has issued directive: “if there are any objectionable scenes that offend the religious sentiments of
anyone, you will be required to submit your story to the district administration and seek prior permission, and
only then shoot that scene.” → stay tuned for columns related to excess censorship ( मध्य प्रदेश राज्य सरकार ने आदेश
जारी किया कि फ़िल्म की शूटिंग से पहले जिला प्रशासन को उसकी स्क्रिप्ट देनी होगी यदि उसने धार्मिक आपत्तिजनक चीज़ें दिखाई जा रही है। प्रकाश झा की वेब
सीरीज़ आश्रम की शूटिंग के दौरान बजरंग दल की तोड़फोड़ के बाद सरकार ने ये आदेश जारी किया)

* GSM4/ Marketing Syllabus Change! : Dabur beauty cream advertisements showing this be in couple
celebrating Karva Chauth. Social media outraged for two reasons: 1) unnecessarily adding LGBT-ism into
religious festivals 2) promoting skin fairness products in the name of festival. It only creates negative
atmosphere for the non-fair skinned brides. Madhya Pradesh Home Minister orders inquiry, Dabur removes
ad. Previously 1) FabIndia Jash-e-Riwaaz 2) Ceat tires Aamir Khan advising not to use firecrackers on street.
Suppose you are the dean of Marketing Department in a reputed MBA institute & receive a complaint from a
religious group that “MBA marketing courses have become unnecessarily “WOKE”. They need to add a module
on sensitising the students on religious and cultural sentiments! India is not America. Tell your students to
remain in “LIMIT” when they do jobs as marketing managers otherwise we will have to start a protest outside
your premises!” how will you address this? ( समलैंगिक महिला युगल द्वारा गोरेपन की क्रीम लगाकर करवा-चौथ मनाई जा रही है ऐसी विज्ञापन
डाबर कं पनी ने दी जिस पर सोशल मीडिया भड़क गयी है दो कारणों से १) धार्मिक त्योहारों में ज़बरदस्ती समलैंगिकता क्यों थोपी जा रही है हमारी धार्मिक भावनाएँ
आहत हो रही है २) गोरेपन क्रीम का प्रचार प्रसार असल में साँवली महिलाओं के ख़िलाफ़ भेदभाव पैदा करता है). मान लीजिए आप famous MBA institute
में मार्के टिंग विभाग के डीन हैं और आपको किसी धार्मिक संगठन द्वारा शिकायत पत्र भेजा जाता है “MBA मार्के टिंग के कोर्स का पाठ्यक्रम/सिलेबस में भारतीय धर्म
और संस्कृ ति के प्रति संवेदनशीलता का भी पाठ पढ़ाया जाना चाहिए. अभी आप जो babushone कं पनियों में भेज रहे हो वो हमारी धार्मिक भावनाओं को आहत
कर रहे. तो अपने कॉलेज के छात्रों को बोलो ki कं पनियों में जाकर विज्ञापन बनाते वक़्त थोड़ा लिमिट में रहे, भारत अमेरिका नहीं है! वरना हम आपकी कॉलेज के
बाहर प्रदर्शन शुरू करेंगे!” डीन के रूप में आप इसको कै से संबोधित करेंगे?
online Sumit: 1) 18th ASEAN-India Summit, 2) 16th East Asia Summit. Both to be held in the month of October
and Prime Minister Modi will attend both of them virtually

Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities Act), 1989. enacted to deter acts of
indignity, humiliation and harassment against members of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Aims to
protect Articles 15, 17 and 21 of the Constitution. SC ordered: Court can quash the proceedings under SC/ST
Act if the offence is 1) primarily private or civil in nature 2) alleged offence has not been committed on
account of the caste of the victim 3) victim has entered into the compromise on the volition of his/ her free
will and not on account of any duress 4) continuation of the legal proceedings would be an abuse of the
process of law. Supreme Court gets this power under Article 142 of the Constitution and High Court under
Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure can be invoked to quash proceedings. (SC/ST अत्याचार प्रतिबंध क़ानून मैं
सर्वोच्च न्यायालय सुप्रीम कोर्ट का नया आदेश- अगर सुप्रीम कोर्ट या हाई कोर्ट चाहे तो ऐसे के स की कार्रवाई को रद्द/ बंद करवा सकता है यदि १) मामला
फौजदारी/आपराधिक नहीं दीवानी और निजी क़िस्म का हो। २) जो अपराध किया गया वो पीड़ित की जाति के कारण न हुआ हो ३) पीड़ित ने आरोपी व्यक्ति के साथ
कोर्ट के बाहर समझौता कर दिया हो बिना किसी दबाव के । ४) मामले को आगे चलाने में असल में क़ानूनी प्रक्रिया का शोषण हो रहा हो।

Assam pollution control board stated that bursting of firecrackers “releases copious amounts of harmful
chemicals”, and such pollutants can “further aggravate health conditions of COVID-19 positive persons”. So
they will be banned in the Diwali. But green crackers — can be burst for two hours during Diwali and Chatth
Puja, and 35 minutes during Christmas and New Year’s Eve. Assam chief minister says state government is not
consulted before this directive they will review this matter keeping “people’s sentiments in mind”. Assam
pollution control board defends, “we are merely following the guidelines of national Green Tribunal (NGT)”
(आसाम प्रदूषण नियंत्रण बोर्ड ने आदेश जारी किया कि दिवाली में पटाखे नहीं जला सकते हैं हालाँकि हरित पटाखे दो घंटे तक जला सकते हैं)

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Centre’s NIPUN Bharat mission, aimed at equipping every child till class 3 with basic
comprehension and mathematical skills. It's steering committee will be headed by the education minister.
(already covered in Win21 FREE Series handout pillar6. )

PIN: VICE PRESIDENT M Venkaiah Naiduconferred Rajinikanth with the prestigious Dadasaheb Phalke Award.
Rajnikanth’s son-in-law Dhanush, awarded best actor for his performance in ‘Asuran’, Manoj Bajpayee won
best actor for ‘Bhosle’. Kangana Ranaut (best actress) for her performances in ‘Manikarnika’ and ‘Panga’.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Explained Series: Climate targets set, missed
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋What Nomura’s equity downgrade signals

Queen Heo Hwang-ok: Original name Princess Suriratna of Ayodhya, daughter of King Padmasen and
Indumati. Padmasen ruled the ancient kingdom of Kausala, a region that extended from present-day UP to
Odisha. In 48 BC, the princess, then 16, travelled to Korea from the ancient land of ‘Ayuta’ and married King,
then she was named Queen Heo Hwang-ok. 2019 Indian government released postal stamp on this. South
Korean tourist visit Ayodhya to pay homage to her. ( दक्षिण कोरिया की महारानी असल में अयोध्या की राजकु मारी थी)
Hurricane Rick: attacked Mexico’s southern Pacific coast.
GSM4/ Abuse of Technology for human trafficking: Facebook was originally meant for connecting the friends
and family members but many Asian and African human trafficking gangs use it for selling women. Even
today, a quick search for “khadima” (-maid in Arabic) give search result of women with or “maids” in Arabic,
will bring up accounts featuring posed photographs of Africans / South Asians women with age and price.
They are usually purchased by middle-east men who abuse them financially and sexually. Facebook was not
taking this matter seriously then Apple company had threatened to remove Facebook app from the Apple
Store. (फ़े सबुक बनाया गया था मित्रों और रिश्तेदारों को मिलाने के लिए लेकिन ये पाया गया कि एशिया और अफ़्रीका में मानव तस्करी/वैश्याव्रूती/देह व्यापार से
जुड़े हुए अपराधी गैंग फ़े सबुक में “खादीमा” यानी कि अरबी भाषा में काम वाली बाई बेचते हैं। मध्यपूर्व के आमिरजादे इन महिलाओं को ख़रीद के यौन शोषण करते
हैं। काफ़ी वर्षों तक फ़े सबुक इस मामले को गंभीरता से नहीं ले रहा था एक बार तो Apple कं पनी ने धमकी दी थी कि आपकी फ़े सबुक App हमारी ऐप स्टोर से
हटवा देंगे।)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Airtel & Vodafone opts for 4-yr AGR dues moratorium to pay dues. Fully covered in Mrunal’s
Win21 Series Pillar5. (Mrunal.org/download)
Solar electricity to become expensive. Because 1) Government has increased the GST on solar components
from 5% to 12% 2) customs duty on imported solar modules increased to 40% ( सौर ऊर्जा के सामान पर सरकार दे टैक्स
बढ़ाया है तो सौर ऊर्जा महँगी हो सकती है)

* Pragati OS - it is an android-based mobile operating system to be used in the upcoming reliance Jio phones

* GSM4/ Racism Sports Ad-Revenue & PR Disasters: 2020: After White American policemen murdered an
African American person George Floyd in the US. → American sports stars started taking the knee before
matches to show their support against racism and discrimination, “Black lives matter (BLM)”. International
Cricket Council (ICC) doesn’t allow players to display messages “relating to political, religious or racial
activities”, but on the BLM movement, ICC offered all teams the opportunity to do so if they wished. Suppose
you are the BCCI Secretary and the PR manager has advised you following: 1) we should instruct Indian
cricketers to take a knee before the T20 World Cup match against Pakistan in UAE. Because if we do not do it
but if the teams of Pakistan or England are doing it then it will create controversy on Twitter that Indian team
is not against racism! Which may affect our viewership and ad-revenue and branding. 2) on the other hand if
we order the Indian cricketers to take the name some of the indian groups may feel outraged why cricketers
never showed similar support for **Kashmiri Hindus, Godhra Muslims, Delhi Sikhs, Bhopal Gas Victims, Rohit
Vemula, Disha Ravi **etc. As the BCCI Secretary what order will you give to the cricketers? ( अमेरिका में अश्वेतों के
ख़िलाफ़ वंशीय हिंसा हो रही है उस विरोध में अमेरिकी खिलाड़ी प्रतियोगिता शुरू होने से पहले घुटनों पर बैठकर अपनी समर्थन जताते हैं। क्रिके ट बोर्ड हालाँकि कोई
भी राजनीतिक धार्मिक या वंशीय आंदोलनो को खेलकू द के मैदान में नहीं करने देता लेकिन उन्होंने सभी क्रिके ट टीमों को वैकल्पिक छू ट दी कि यदि वे चाहें तो घुटनों
पे बैठ सकते हैं, ऐसा करना कोई ज़बरदस्ती नहीं है। मान लीजिए अब BCCI के सचिव और PR मैनेजर ने आपको निम्न राय दी, “अगर इंग्लैंड और पाकिस्तानी
क्रिके ट खिलाड़ी टू र्नामेंट के दौरान घुटनों पे बैठते हैं और भारतीय टीम ऐसा नहीं करती तो ट्विटर पे हंगामा होगा कि हम अश्वेतों के ख़िलाफ़ हो रहे अत्याचार के बारे
में संवेदनशील नहीं है! लेकिन यदि खिलाड़ियों को घुटनों पे बिठाया वो भी ट्विटर पर कु छ लोग नाराज़ हो जाएँगे की भारत में जो दंगों में हिंदू मुस्लिम और सिख मारे
गए उसके संवेदनशीलता के लिए कभी क्यूँ ऐसा नहीं किया?” तो इस मामले में BCCI सचिव के रूप में आप क्रिके टरों को क्या आदेश देंगे?)

* GSM4/ Nationalism & religious hatred role of celebrities: after India was defeated by Pakistan in the T20
World Cup match. Some persons started writing abusive things about Indian cricketer Mohammed Shami,
accusing him of not playing properly because he is a muslim and wanted Pakistan to win. Sachin Tendulkar
tweeted to support Shami: “When we support #TeamIndia, we support every person who represents Team
India. Shami is a committed, worldclass bowler. He had an off day like any other sportsperson can have. I
stand behind Shami & Team India.” 🤔Points to reflect: Celebrity shd speak openly to combat hatred on social
media. (सचिन तेंदुलकर ने कहा कि पाकिस्तान के ख़िलाफ़ भारत की हार में भारतीय क्रिके टर मोहम्मद शमी पर जानबूझकर अच्छे से न खेलने का इल्ज़ाम
लगाना ग़लत)
GSM4/Case Study: Police Hartal: Gujarat police constable was detained for staging a sit-in protest outside the
Gujarat Vidhansabha in Gandhinagar demanding 1) an increase in salary 2) Allowing the formation of police
employee union 3) ending political interference in transfers 4) priority given to women police personnel in
allotment of housing quarters. Then Gandhinagar police detained him and dropped him at his home but in
social media it was widely circulated. Result? Some other policemen and their families also joined for protests
across multiple cities. Opposition parties are also using the opportunity. If the strike/hartal by police
constable spreads it could have serious implications on the maintenance of law and order. As DGP (IPS) how
will you address it? Points to reflect 1) DGP cannot increase the salary / build more Government Quarters
without funding from State finance department. And the finance department may not agree due to Corona
fund constrains. Besides Gujarat has liquor prohibition so state government does not earn much from State
excise on liquor. Some Babushona may argue that liquor ban should be lifted to increase tax income and then
use it for giving salary to police man but then increase the consumption of liquor will also create more crime &
need of more police personnel for law and order administration so it is not a sustainable solution! In the
written exam you may not have to drag the argument this long, but in the interview you have to be ready for
the line of grilling based on how you are presenting their arguments! 2) it is illegal for the police personnel to
go on strike. But as DGP if you order their arrest or removal from the job it will aggravate with the situation.
(गुजरात विधानसभा के बाहर एक पुलिस कांस्टेबल धरने पर बैठा की तनख़्वाह बढ़ायी जाए पुलिस कर्मियों का यूनियन संगठन बनाने दिया जाए तो तबादलों में
राजनीतिक दख़ल बंद हो और सरकारी मकानों के आवंटन में महिला पुलिस कर्मियों को प्राथमिकता दी जाए. कु छ अन्य पुलिस अफ़सरों ने उसे पकड़ के घर भेज
दिया जिसके बाद कु छ शहरों में पुलिस कांस्टेबल और उनके परिजनों ने प्रदर्शन /हड़ताल शुरू किए. DGP के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)

GSM4/Case Study: As per University Grants Commission (UGC), a college can have 10 weeks of vacations and
30 weeks of teaching and learning process, another 10 weeks for admissions, examinations and preparations,
and two weeks of public holidays. Gujarat govt had decided to keep 13 days of Diwali vacation (from 1st to
13th November.) in colleges. But, Certain groups demanding that Diwali is the biggest Hindu festival, the
vacation should be 21 days instead of 13 days!” But some educationists argue that Diwali vacation should be
kept short to compensate for the loss of academic days because of Corona lock downs/syllabus completion. As
the education secretary (IAS) how will you address this? Points to reflect: 1) what are the vacation practices
followed in other states? 2) whether there is a possibility for conducting classes online during day time in
vacation to complete syllabus? (पहले गुजरात राज्य सरकार ने दिवाली के दौरान कॉलेजों में 13 दिन का वेके शन तय किया था लेकिन कु छ संगठन
माँग कर रहे हैं कि दिवाली हिन्दुओं का सबसे बड़ा त्योहार है इसलिए 13 नहीं 21 दिन की छु ट्टी होनी चाहिए. जबकि कु छ शिक्षाविद् ये कह रहे हैं ज़्यादा छु ट्टियां नहीं
देनी चाहिए क्योंकि कोरोना तालाबंदी के चलते वैसे भी पाठ्यक्रम से वक़्त पे ख़त्म नहीं हो पा रहा. शिक्षा सचिव यानी कि IAS ऑफ़िसर के रूप में आप इसे कै से
संबोधित करेंगे?)

Farm Law/APMC reforms Fully covered in Mrunal’s Win20 Series Pillar#4A. (https://Mrunal.org/download): it
allows farmer to sell his produce anywhere in India. A Positive Case Study- Surat APMC to buy apples directly
from Kashmir farmers. Previously Surat APMC bought apples indirectly through agents/traders of Delhi. So
apples became expensive for customer, while farmer didn’t benefit- go to the commission of the middlemen.
But now, 🤩 Surat APMC to directly purchase it from Kashmir farmers → It’ll bring down the cost of apples sold
locally and would give better prices to Kashmir farmers. 🤩 It will also help exporting them to US, UK, thru ports
of Gujarat and Mumbai. etc. (सरकार द्वारा किसान कानूनों के सुधार के बाद अब किसान पूरे देश में किसी भी व्यक्ति या संस्था को अपना कृ षि उपज
बेच सकता है. पहले सूरत की APMC मंदी के व्यापारी कश्मीरी सेब ख़रीदने के लिए दिल्ली के बिचौलियों का इस्तेमाल करते थे जिसके चलते न कश्मीरी किसानों को
अच्छी रक़म मिलती और सूरत के ग्राहकों को से महंगे मिलते. अब सूरत मंडी सीधा ही कश्मीर किसानों से सेब ख़रीदेगी.)
Potatoes originated in South America by the Incas as early as 1,800 years ago. Then invading Spaniards
introduced them into Europe. 2021: A Swedish plant-based company “Veg of Lund” has developed world’s
first plant-based “milk” made from potatoes. It is 56 times more water-efficient than almond milk and twice as
efficient in land use as compared to oat milk. Benefits: 1) cattle milk production → ⏫ greenhouse gas
emission due to digestion/dung. 2) some animal rights activists are opposed to idea of artificial insemination
of cattle for commercial milk production. So, they welcomed the plant-based milk. ( आलू का जन्म दक्षिण अमेरिका में हुआ
था जिसे स्पेनिश लोग यूरोप में लेके आए थे. स्वीडन की एक कं पनी ने आलू से दुध बनाया है जो कि बादाम और ओट ट से बनाए गए वनस्पति आधारित दूध से
ज़्यादा बेहतर है। मवेशियों से दूध उत्पादन में पाचन फ़सल जुगाली गोबर के चलते ग्रीन हाउस गैस की उत्सर्जन बढ़ता है। तथा कु छ पशु प्रेमी दूध उत्पादन के लिए
मवेशियों का बार बार कृ त्रिम प्रजनन असल में पशुऑ के प्रति अत्याचार है ऐसा मानते हैं)

* “Climate vulnerability index - A District-level Assessment” by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water
(CEEW) & a few other orgs. Finding? 1) India’s most climate vulnerable districts are Dhemaji and Nagaon in
Assam, Khammam in Telangana, Gajapati in Odisha, Vizianagaram in Andhra Pradesh, Sangli in Maharashtra,
and Chennai in Tamil Nadu. 2) WEST BENGAL and Kerala model is a bahut mahaan. Because these state
governments created the infrastructure to combat extreme weather events. Point to reflect for interview:
Then why is Odisha Model not in top list despite that fact that in 1999, a super cyclone killed nearly 10,000
people in Odisha but in 2020-21’s cyclones they made greatly reduced the deaths. ( जलवायु भेद्यता सूचकांक- हालाँकि कोई
बहूत बढ़ी मान्यता प्राप्त संस्था ने नहीं बनाया तो मैं इसे इतना महत्वपूर्ण नहीं समज रहा परीक्षा के लिए।)

secularism- pilgrim subsidy: Delhi CM Kejriwal says free pilgrimage for Delhi’s senior citizens to Ram
Janmabhoomi. (previously we had learned about similar subsidies by Gujarat to ST persons visiting Ayothya &
Tamilnadu for Christians visiting Jerusalem) (दिल्ली की के जरीवाल सरकार बुजुर्गों को अयोध्या यात्रा के लिए सब्सिडी देगी)
VIRANGANA AVANTIBAI a freedom fighter, and Queen of Ramgarh in Madhya Pradesh. In the region
surrounding Etah, where Lodhi Rajputs are dominant. Modi named MEDICAL COLLEGE, ETAH after her. ( उत्तर
प्रदेश में अलग अलग मेडिकल कॉलेजों के नाम स्थानिक स्वतंत्रता सेनानी और सामाजिक कार्यकर्ताओं पर रखे गये है। )

JODHA SINGH AND DARIYAO SINGH. two Thakur warriors from FATEHPUR region UP. who were sentenced to
death for their role in the 1857 revolution. In news because of Modi named a medical college after them.
MAA VINDHYAVASINI Temple in Mirzapur, UP is a revered pilgrimage site, one of the Shakti peeths across
India. The region is also known as Vindhyachal.

MAHARISHI VISHWAMITRA Originally a Kshatriya king, Maharishi Vishwamitra was not born a Brahmin but
earned the title of Maharishi through meditation and devotion. Apart from his contribution to the Vedas, he is
also known for his contribution to the Ramayana by giving the knowledge of Devastras and weaponry to Lord
Ram and his brother Lakshman. MEDICAL COLLEGE, GHAZIPUR named after him.

* Comparing Constitution → Judiciary: 1) Nepal SUPREME Court mein Prachand Dhamaal. Some judges
boycotting their Benches & calling for the resignation of Chief Justice Cholendra Shumsher Rana, accusing him
of making deals with political parties, and even securing a ministerial berth for one of his relatives. 2) Indian
Supreme Court also there had been similar development. In 2018, four senior-most judges of the Indian
Supreme Court called the press conference & aired their grievances over the then chief justice Dipak Misra’s
style of functioning. (नेपाल की सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश हड़ताल पर चले गए क्योंकि उन्हें मुख्य न्यायाधीश की कार्यरीति पर एतराज़ है। सब कु छ
एक बार भारत में भी हो चुका है जब सुप्रीम कोर्ट के चार बड़े जजों ने एक पत्रकार परिषद भी संबोधित कर उस ज़माने के चीफ़ जस्टिस के काम करने के तरीक़े पर
नाराज़गी जतायी थी)
⚾️⚾️✋ 1) Pakistan’s InterServices Intelligence (ISI) new Chief Lt Gen Nadeem Anjum 2) Sudan top general
says military ousted govt to avoid civil war. 3) BRITAIN’S SPY agencies have given a contract to Amazon Web
Services (AWS)
* GSM2/IR/Diaspora: Indian-origin Anita Anand is Canada’s new Defence Minister. In UK too women of Indian
origin have secured ministerial positions. USA’s Vice President Kamala Harris also has Indian roots. Shows the
power of diaspora- including FEMALEs of Indian origin in the politics of those countries ( भारतीय मूल की महिलाएँ विदेशों
में मंत्री और उप राष्ट्रपति बन रही है)

China’s President Xi Jinping unlikely to attend UNFCCC’s COP26 climate summit at Glasgow. China will be
represented by its environment minister but critics argue this means China will not give some great
commitments! However, President Xi had announced in 2020-21 that 1) China would reach carbon neutrality
by 2060. 2) China would start reducing coal consumption by 2026, 3) China will end overseas coal financing.
(चीनी राष्ट्रपति स्वयं जलवायु परिवर्तन परिषद में हाज़िरी देने नहीं आएगी इसलिए आलोचकों को लगता है कि चीन की तरफ़ से कोई बड़ी घोषणा / समझौता नहीं
होगी)
Facebook did not delete the anti-vaccine comments in a timely fashion because “Trolling/Mis-information also
drives attention and attention equals eyeballs and eyeballs equal ad revenue.”

GSM4: Attitude towards Female Princess- Under the Japanese Imperial Household Law, women are not
allowed to reign on the throne. Princess Mako marrying a commoner so she must relinquish her royal title,
and she will become a commoner herself. Any children she has will not be in line to the throne. 2) on the
other hand British Prince William married a commoner Kate Middleton → their Son & Daughters eligible for
the Throne. (राजकु मारीयो के प्रति रवैया: जापान में राजकु मारी तख़्त / राजगद्दी पर नहीं बैठ सकती और यदि सामान्य परिवार के पुरुष से शादी करें तो उनके
बच्चों की राजगद्दी की दावेदारी ख़त्म हो जाती है हालाँकि ब्रिटेन में ऐसा नहीं होता. )
Drone deliveries: beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) drone operations ke liye Ministry of Civil Aviation has
notified a traffic management framework for drones. Related online portal: DigitalSky ( दृष्टि रेखा से भी दूर तक सामान
पहुँचाने के लिए ड्रोन का उपयोग किया जा सकें इसलिए नागरिक उड्डयन मंत्रालय की कु छ नई मार्गदर्शिका)
India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) cannot give loans because it is a payment bank but it has signed a deal with
HDFC to give home loans. (भुगतान बैंक स्वयं कर्ज़ नहीं दे सकता है हालाँकि भारतीय डाक भुगतान बैंक HDFC के दलाल के रूप में ऐसा कर सकता
है)

Skill Impact Bond: By National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) with help of global partners from UK,
Dubai etc. $14.4 million fund that will make 50,000 youth job ready. Impact Bonds - issued to impact investors
who are not looking for very high profit and want invest money for some social service. ( कौशल र्के लिए प्रभाव ऋणपत्र।)

- Economic policy uncertainty (EPU): Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC)’s revenue pe
Govt demanded 50% share as ‘Convenience Fee’→ Stock price crashed by almost 30% →Govt “undo” order.
Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DI- PAM) under the Ministry of Finance as advised
the government organisations to do due diligence before making such decisions can affect the ordinary
investors of government companies. (otherwise if such a random decisions result in falling of the share price
then when Govt starts disinvestment or privatisation then government will not on a good amount of money by
selling its share holding.) Previously similar drama in reducing the interest rate for small savings schemes and
then un-doing it go to West Bengal election. ( रेल मंत्रालय ने कहा कि सोने का अंडा देने वाली मुर्ग़ी का पीठ ही चिर देना है यानी कि IRCTC
नामक सरकारी कं पनी ने अपनी कमाई का आधा हिस्सा हमको बस दे देना है ये समाचार सुनते ही कं पनी के शेयरधारकों ने शेयर बेचकर भागना शुरू किया तो शेयर
का दाम क़रीब 30% गिरने लगा. सरकारी कं पनियों के शेयर की ऐसी गिरावट अच्छी नहीं क्योंकि भविष्य में विनिवेश के दौरान सरकार जब अपना शेयर बाज़ार में
बेचने जाए तो उसको अच्छी रक़म नहीं मिलेगी। तो फिर रेल मंत्रालय के पसीने छू ट गए और अपने निर्णय को वापस ले लिया यानी कि आर्थिक नीतियों में अनिश्चिता
दिखाई। इसलिए अब वित् मंत्रालय ने सभी मंत्रालयों को आदेश दिया कि ऐसी नीतिया घोषित करने से पहले ज़रा सोच विचार करे। )
- UNION Government → Appointments Committee of the Cabinet extended the tenure of Reserve Bank of
India Governor Shaktikanta Das for another three years till December 2024, thus giving him a tenure of six
years. He had joined on December, 2018 ( शक्तिकांत दास को तीन साल के लिए रिज़र्व बैंक के गवर्नर के रूप में पुनः नियुक्ति)

- Anand Municipal Corporation has received a proposal to establish a slaughterhouse. Defenders argue that
1) Location for the slaughterhouse is not near any religious places. 2) freedom of food and business. 4)
farmers can sell unproductive cattle. 5) even if slaughter houses are not allowed to open some merchants will
do it informally without municipal inspection then health and hygiene standards will not be maintained! But,
Jain Community leaders have opposed this proposal citing 1) religious doctrine of Ahimsa 2) fundamental duty
to stop animal cruelty. As municipal Commissioner (IAS) how will you address this? ( आनंद नगर निगम में एक प्रस्ताव आया
है कत्लखाने को अनुमति देने के लिए- इन दलीलों के साथ की धार्मिक स्थानों से ये दूर है लोगों को खाने का और व्यवसाय का अधिकार है किसान अपनी बूढ़ी हो
चुकी मवेशियों को बेच पाएंगे और यदि कत्लखाने को अनुमति नहीं दी तो भी अनाधिकृ त रूप से पशुओं को काटा जाएगा जिसमें साफ़ सफ़ाई का ख्याल नहीं होगा।
हालाँकि जैन समुदाय के प्रतिनिधियों ने इसका विरोध किया है क्योंकि ये अहिंसा की भावना से विपरीत है बुनियादी कर्तव्यों के हिसाब से भी हमें पशुओं के प्रति
अत्याचार रोकना है तो अब म्यूनिसिपल कमिश्नर यानी थी IAS के रूप में आप क्या निर्णय लेंगे?)

- Pollution: SC court’s 2018 order banned the production and sale of all crackers except the green ones and
those with reduced emissions (improved crackers). The court also banned manufacture and sale of joined
crackers, and prohibited the use of Barium salts in fireworks. The court also banned their sale online. 2021- if
the order is not implemented properly then officers like Chief secretary, home secretary SP DM etc. will be
held responsible (पटाखों पर प्रतिबंध के अपने आदेश का अनुपालन के बारे में सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने और सख़्ती दिखाई)
- PIN: KANNADA ACTOR Puneeth Rajkumar (46) died in Bengaluru after suffering a heart attack.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Union Housing and Urban Affairs Ministry → awarded Surat the city with the best public
transport system and Kochi for the most sustainable transport system. ( मुझे कॉस्ट बेनेफिट ठीक नहीं लगता क्योंकि ऐसे तो 25
दर्जन अवार्ड दिए जाते हैं)

- NITI Aayog suggests extending PMJAY ₹5 lakh ka health insurance coverage to ‘missing middle class’.
Because reach people can buy their own health insurance poor people are covered but certain lower middle
class people or not yet covered and they cannot afford health insurance from their own pocket due to low
income especially after Corona and health insurance company that increasing the premium. ( प्रधानमंत्री जन आरोग्य
योजना के अंतर्गत गरीबों को पाँच लाख रुपये का सालाना स्वास्थ्य बीमा मुफ़्त में दिया जाता है। और अमीर लोग तो ख़ुद के पैसों से स्वास्थ्य बीमा ख़रीद सकते हैं।
लेकिन बहुत से निम्न मध्यम वर्ग के लोग ना तो अपने पैसों से स्वास्थ्य बीमा ख़रीद सकते हैं न उन्हें सरकारी योजनाओं से मुफ़्त में लाभ मिल रहा है। तो नीति
आयोग ने सरकार को सिफ़ारिश की कि इन्हें भी लाभ दिया जाए)

- TamilNadu govt had asked a law to ban online gambling but then defenders went to Madras High Court ke
rummy and poker are games of skill and not gambling, we have a right to profession to run this website. So,
Madras high court struck down the law as ultra vires. Now Karnataka government also passing similar law and
it could also face similar problem (कु ल मिलाकर हाईकोर्ट का ये कहना है कि पोकर और रमी जैसी खेल जुआ नहीं है बल्कि कौशल्य का खेल है,
ऐसी ऑनलाइन वेबसाइट चलाने वालों को व्यवसाय का अधिकार है। इसलिए तो तमिलनाडु सरकार का ऐसा ऑनलाइन जुआ प्रतिबंध क़ानून रद्द किया गया अब
कर्नाटक सरकार भी कु छ ऐसा सोच रही है लेकिन उनके क़ानून को भी हाईकोर्ट में ऐसी दिक़्क़त आ सकती है)

- Facebook metaverse: In Greek, meta is ‘after’ or ‘beyond’. Facebook is trying to build it using augmented
reality virtual reality etc. but problems 1) devices are expensive 2) interoperability. virtual T-shirt — you buy in
the metaverse should technically work everywhere. This is currently not possible — for instance, digital guns
bought in PUBG game cannot be used in Fortnite game.
secularism and child marriage: Pakistani group filed a PIL in PAKISTAN’S Court ke Pakistan is an Islamic state
and therefore Government cannot pass a law on fixing minimum age limit for girls’ marriage. but Court ruled
that passing a law against child marriage was not against the teachings of Islam. ( हालाँकि पाकिस्तान इस्लामिक देश है लेकिन
सरकार अगर बाल विवाह प्रतिबंध क़ानून बनाएँ तो वो इस्लाम के ख़िलाफ़ नहीं हैं ऐसा उनके कोर्ट ने कहा)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ RBI eases current a/c rules for exposures below ₹5 cr
- Polity: Rights issue sedition-> UTTAR PRADESH Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath announced that the charge of
sedition will be invoked against those celebrating Pakistan's victory against India at the recent T20 World Cup
match. उत्तर प्रदेश में पाकिस्तान की क्रिके ट जीत का जश्न मना रहे लोगों पर देशद्रोह का के स चलाया जाएगा

- new National Water Policy (NWP). The earlier NWPs of 1987, 2002 and 2012. Then 2019: Ministry of Jal
Shakti had set up a committee to draft the new National Water Policy (NWP). Salient features: 1) instead of
endlessly increasing water supply, try to reduce demand. 2) Irrigation consumes 80-90 per cent of India’s
water, most of which is used by rice, wheat and sugarcane. So change the minimum support price policy to
encourage less water intensive crops. 3) Reduce-Recycle-Reuse for integrated urban water supply and
wastewater management, 4) eco-restoration of urban river stretches, bio-remediation, “blue-green
infrastructure” such as rain gardens and bio-swales, restored rivers with wet meadows, wetlands constructed
for urban parks, permeable pavements, green roofs 5) All non-potable use, such as flushing, fire protection,
vehicle washing must mandatorily shift to treated wastewater. 6) Use very low cost Technologies for helping
dam water reach the farmers 7) sustainable and equitable management of groundwater. Participatory
groundwater management is the key 8) draft a Rights of Rivers Act, including their right to flow, to meander
and to meet the sea. 9) Discourage the use of reverse osmosis (RO) plants if the total dissolved solids count in
water is less than 500mg/L. 10) Government departments should not working silos looking at irrigation and
drinking water, surface and groundwater, as also water and wastewater as binary options. 11) creation of a
unified multi-disciplinary, multi-stakeholder National Water Commission (NWC) with experts on water
management not just engineers. नई राष्ट्रीय जल नीति - पानी की सप्लाई आपूर्ति बढ़ाने की जगह उसकी माँग को कम करने की कोशिश होगी। चावल
गन्ना इत्यादि ज़्यादा सिंचाई पानी खाने वाली फसलों पर न्यूनतम समर्थन मूल्य भी कम प्रोत्साहन दिया जाए। पेय जल के अलावा वाले उपयोग जैसे शौचालय
अग्निशमन वाहन प्रक्षालन के लिए अपशिष्ट जल का उपयोग हो। नदी को समंदर तक गिनने का अधिकार है ऐसा क़ानून बने। सरकारी विभाग अलग अलग सूबों के
स्वरूप चलते हे जो सिंचाई का पानी बनाम पीने का पानी, स्तरीय जल बनाम भूजल- ऐसा द्विचर/binary विकल्प के रूप में ही सोचते हैं कि दोनों में से के वल एक
ही चीज़ एक समय पर हो सकती है- ऐसी मानसिकता बंद हो और एकीकृ त तरीक़े से जल प्रबंधन हो। एक नया राष्ट्रीय ज्ञान आयोग बनाया जाएगा जिसमें के वल
इंजीनियर न हो इसके अलावा वाले अन्य जल विशेषज्ञ भी हो!

the new draft rules for JJ Act: BEFORE : Courts were responsible for processing adoption application but they
were already burdened with so many cases it took long time. AFTER: gives powers to DMs and additional DMs
to cut down the time for adoptions. ( किशोर न्याय अधिनियम मैं पहले ही बच्चा गोद लेने की अर्जियां अदालतों द्वारा नहीं बतायी जाती थी लेकिन
अदालतों में पहले से ही काम का बोझ बहु ज़्यादा होने के चलते ऐसे ही अर्जियों का निपटारा काफ़ी विलंब से होता था इसलिए अब से यह काम जिला मैजिस्ट्रेट और
अधिक जिला मैजिस्ट्रेट को दिया गया)
- Right to Bail: SC gave BAIL to a Kerala youth arrested under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967, in
2019, for alleged Maoist links. SC gave bail because“mere association with” or “mere support” to “a terrorist
organisation is not sufficient” to prove the offence under the UAPA Act. “The association and support have to
be with intention of furthering the activities of a terrorist organisation,” “At a formative young age, the
accused... might have been fascinated by what is propagated by CPI(Maoist). Therefore, they may be in
possession of various documents/ books but there is no material in the chargesheet to project active
participation of the accused. (सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने पाया कि जवानी के जोश/उत्सुकता में कभी कभी नौजवान माओवादी/आतंकी/ अलगाववादी संगठनों
के प्रति आकर्षित होते हैं और उनकी किताब भी विडियो वग़ैरह दिखते हैं लेकिन ऐसा जोड़ मात्र काफ़ी नहीं है किसी को गैरकानूनी गतिविधियां (रोकथाम) अधिनियम
मैं दोषी साबित करने के लिए। पुलिस ने ये अदालत में साबित करना होगा कि वास्तव में उस नौजवान ने उसे आतंकी संगठन की प्रवृत्तियों को बढ़ोतरी देने के लिए
सक्रिय रूप से कोई काम किया। इस आधार पर सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने एक नौजवान को ज़मानत दी है।
- Konkan Shakti 21, the maiden bilateral tri-service exercise between the armed forces of India and the UK in
culminated in the Arabian Sea

- AGNI 5 tested by the Strategic Forces Command, a joint tri-services command that is responsible for the
country's nuclear weapons. has a range of at least 5,000 km. But to get classified as Intercontinental Ballistic
Missile (ICBM)range must be minimum 5500 kms. So, Agni 6 (8000 kms may get ICBM tag after successful
trials). The nuclear capable Agni 5 has a launch weight of 50,000 kg, and can carry a warhead of around 1,500
kg. Canisterisation — which means the missile is stored and launched from an encapsulated system —
protects it from harsh climatic conditions and gives it a longer shelf life. Agni 5 is a “canisterised” missile,
which means it can be launched from road and rail platforms, making it easier for it to be deployed and
launched quickly. अग्नि मिसाइल प्रक्षेपास्त्र के बारे में कु छ जनरल नॉलेज
Explained: Mullaperiyar dam: old dispute between TN & Kerala
- Russia 40,000 Covid cases and 1,159 deaths reported in a day→lockdown. Many Russians have not taken
vaccine because they mistrust of government or have safety concerns.
- ASSOCIATION of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) agreed with China & Australia to upgrade their
relationship to a comprehensive strategic partnership. आसियान समूह ने चीन और ऑस्ट्रेलिया के साथ बृहद सामरिक भागीदारी के लिए
समझौता किया।
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Valuation concerns trigger slump in Sensex: What next? Economic Survey
- PIN: Edelgive Hurun India Philanthropy List 2021. Wipro founder chairman Azim Premji donated over 9k cr
in 2020-21. Adani is Second richest man but in the dollar list he's on the eighth.
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ Sebi revises investment norms for trustees, employees of AMCs
power ministry’s National Committee on Transmission (NCT under the Chairman of Central Electricity
Authority) to fast-track planning and approval of power Transmission projects. Its powers increased for faster
approval of the interstate renewable energy projects. बिजली प्रोजेक्ट को त्वरित मंज़ूरी देने के लिए

- Polity: Judicial Review- Indian government accused of illegally spying on opposition leaders / critiques using
is Pegasus spyware from Israeli company. Matter went to SC, Govt’s argument, “this is a matter of national
security, so no scrutiny is warranted”. But, Supreme Court has setup three-member technical committee
headed by Retd. Justice R V Raveendran, because “State cannot get a free pass every time the spectre of
‘national security’ is raised. The mere invocation of national security by the State does not render the Court a
mute spectator or prohibit Judicial review.” West Bengal government had set up a Commission of Inquiry
comprising former Supreme Court Justice Madan B Lokur but he has voluntarily paused his enquiry until
Supreme Court committee finishes the work. ( पेग़ासिस मामले मे सुप्रीम कोर्ट की समिति द्वारा जाँच होगी सरकार ऐसा आपके के बच नहीं
सकती कि यह राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा का मामला है तो न्यायिक समीक्षा नहीं होनी चाहिए।)
- Environmental ethics: sewage treatment plants (STP) collect the waste water from households and
industries → they treat them and release the treated water in river. Sometimes such plants are run in public
private partnership (PPP) / outsourcing basis, wherein private company is running the plant and municipal
corporation pays recollecting the sewage fees from householders/factories. 😥 1) private company is not
doing the processing properly to save their own electricity/energy cost 2) municipal corporations officials not
checking the things properly perhaps out of laziness/bribes paid by company. ( मलजल शोधन इकाइयां है जिसमें कु छ निजी
कं पनियां गटर के पानी का उपचार कर उसे नदी में छोड़ती है लेकिन आरोप है कि वो असल में बिना कु छ प्रक्रिया की ये सीधा ही पानी नदियों में छोड़ रही है और
नगर पालिका से पैसा ले रही है।)
- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ NITI Aayog to conduct a study on facial recognition technology. Basics already covered in one
of the old month’s EXCEL at mrunal.org/current

- GSM4: minister civil servant relationship: 😥 1) cliched case study of Rajiv Gandhi versus some Secretary
(IAS) from public administration books 😥 2) Rajsthan Bhilwara ‘model’ of Corona containment. When media
started highlighting IAS too much, the politicians made some negative comments about it ke “there is no
Bhilwara model there is only Rajasthan model under our honourable chief minister. So, IAS should refrain
from taking credit.” 😥3) Ahmedabad municipal Commissioner Vijay Nehra when he received too much praise
for strict traffic management & Corona management he was transferred to some other post. Critics argue that
his good work was making the politicians look bad, so they wanted to portray him as the scapegoat for
mishandling the corona crisis. 😥4) narcotics control Bureau Officer Sameer Wankhede IRS vs Maharashtra
state government minister Nawab Malik. Minister Malik accuses NCB officer of bribe, fake caste certificate
whereas officer’s support accuse that minister is making the remarks because his own son-in-law is accused in
a narcotic case. Journalists take daily interviews of the officers parents/wife. 🤔 Points to reflect: 1) the
traditional notion that civil servant should work behind the curtain without praise or blame while minister
should receive the praise or blame- But in the modern age of social media these roles getting blurred. 2) when
officers are held as champions it starts to make the minister appear ineffective or incompetent. Then some
counter reaction follows. 3) public washing of dirty laundry actually diminishes the dignity of the office both
for minister & the officer, and public confidence in the Police investigation (of Aryan). If minister/officer have
problems with each other they should send their complaints to the concerned authorities/courts/CAT
tribunal/DoPT/CM/PM etc. (ऐसे कई मामले जहाँ मंत्री और अफसर के बीच तनाव हुआ। पारंपरिक रूप से यह माना जाता था कि अफ़सर ने पर्दे के
पीछे रहकर काम करना है और उसकी जो भी प्रशंसा या निंदा है वो मंत्री ने मंच पर सहनी होगी। लेकिन सोशल मीडिया के ज़माने में ऐसा नहीं है या तो अफ़सर ख़ुद
या उसके प्रशंसक ख़ुद ही सोशल मीडिया में उसके कार्यों की सराहना न करें तो मंत्रियों को पसंद नहीं आता क्योंकि 1 प्रकार से मंत्री ठीक से काम नहीं कर रहे ऐसा
चित्र बनता है- और उसकी प्रतिक्रिया के रूप में मंत्री या तो अफ़सर का तबादला करते हैं या भ्रष्टाचार के आरोप लगाते हैं। यदि मंत्री और अफ़सर में आपसी तनाव है
तो उन्होंने अपने ये गंदे कपड़े जनमंच पर नहीं धोनी चाहिए क्योंकि इससे दोनों की ही पदों की गरिमा कम होती है और लोगों का सरकारी कामकाज पुलिस छानबीन
में विश्वास कम होता है)
- GSM4/Case Study: Indian teacher celebrating Pak Victory- A Muslim teacher in a private school made a
WhatsApp status after the victory of Pakistan against India in T20 World Cup with caption: “ “Jeeeet gayeeee...
We wonnn”. Some of her colleague teachers, acquaintances felt offended and circulated screenshots in social
media. Some parents/organisations have now called up the private school owner that 1) This teacher must be
removed from the job. Otherwise we will not send our kids to be taught “anti-Indian” / “unpatriotic” things by
this teacher. And whatever money you are minting in school fees, it will stop. 2) Twitter and right-wing groups
began online and off-line protests demanding removal of teacher. Teacher’s defence 😥 1) it was just a light-
hearted joke. 😥2) celebrating the victory of a cricket team (Pakistan) does not necessarily mean I am
unpatriotic or anti-Indian. We should celebrate the cricket teams for their merit/excellence in Sports, and not
nationality. 😥3) I am not celebrating Pak victory in classroom. My personal support of the team has nothing
to do with my professional work as a teacher. I am teaching subject as per the syllabus. As private school
owner what will you do? Points to reflect: 1) in the age of social media, everything posted scrutinised by
multiple people who may not share your taste. Every adult should act sensibly especially those in job/business
that deals with public/customer/masses at large. 2) Punishment should not be disproportionate to the
crime/error/mistake. (पाकिस्तान की क्रिके ट मैच में जीत के बाद एक निजी स्कू ल की शिक्षिका ने वॉट्सऐप पर प्रशंसा का स्टेटस डाला लोगों ने स्क्रीनशॉट
वायरल किए जिसके बाद माँ बाप स्कू ल के मालिक को बोल रहे हैं इसे नौकरी से निकालो क्योंकि ये तो देशद्रोह के पाठ हमारे बच्चों को पढ़ाएगी। शिक्षिका का ये कहना
है कि मैंने तो मज़ाक में स्टेटस डाला था और वैसे भी जो टीम अच्छा खेली उसकी प्रशंसा की जाय इसका मतलब ये नहीं कि मैं देश द्रोही हूँ! ग़ौर करने के मुद्दे-
जैसा माहौल चलता है तो व्यक्ति ने ख़ुद भी थोड़ा सँभल के पेश आना चाहिए।)

- Women Property Rights: Khasis are a matrilineal society. Inheritance passes through mother's clan.
Youngest daughter of the family is gets the full share of parental property as ‘Custodian’. Custom dictates she
can’t sell property without permission of her maternal uncle. Problems 😥 1) eldest girl siblings do not get
their share. 😥 2) Brother/Son will not get property share, then banks refused to give him loans because he
does not have any collateral. Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council (KHADC), an autonomous body under the
Sixth Schedule of the Constitution, is scheduled to introduce the Khasi Hills Autonomous District Khasi
Inheritance of Property Bill, 2021, for “equitable distribution” of parental property among siblings – both male
and female. although even if the KHADC does pass it, Paragraph 12 A of the Sixth Schedule says the right of
passing a district council law rests with the state legislature. ( खासी समुदाय में पारंपरिक रूप से तो माँ बाप की संपत्ति को सबसे छोटी
बेटी को दिया जाता है लेकिन इसके चलते बड़ी बेटी को कु छ नहीं मिलता और बेटे को भी बैंक से कर्ज़ लेना हो तो नहीं मिलता क्योंकि उसके पास गिरवी रखने के
लिए कोई संपत्ति नहीं होती। इसलिए तो उनकी स्वायत्त जिला परिषद कु छ क़ानून बनाने जा रही है हालाँकि इन राज्यों के विधानसभा में भी उसे पास करवाना होगा)

- GSM4/ethics in international relations: 1995-96: Denmark citizen Kim Davy allegedly Airdropped weapons
and ammunition over Purulia to help the ‘Anti-communist citizens’ to defend themselves against West
Bengal's Left Front government’s brutal oppression. Government demanded his extradition from Denmark.
Denmark’s demand 1) No death penalty 2) if he is convicted allow him to stay in Denmark prison. For many
years India Denmark relations have frozen because of this. 2021: it seems Indian government has decided to
give up on this matter two divide the economic and strategic ties with Denmark. Sometimes, Great powers
absorb the loss of lives and even accept the humiliation of military defeat, as the US has done in Afghanistan
& Vietnam. Corona crisis requires that India need to improve its exports to create jobs and therefore need to
improve the economic ties with every country । (पुरुलिया ज़िले में हवाई जहाज़ द्वारा हथियार फें कने के मामले में डेनमार्क के नागरिक किम
डेवी के प्रत्यर्पण की लड़ाई में भारत और डेनमार्क के रिश्ते ख़राब हुए थे हालाँकि अब ऐसा प्रतीत होता है कि भारत सरकार ने इस मामले को बुला दिया है ताकि
डेनमार्क सरकार के साथ आर्थिक और सामरिक रिश्ते बनाए जा सके । कभी कभी अंतरराष्ट्रीय रिश्तों में नीतिमत्ता की पीपूडी ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा नहीं बजानी चाहिए, एक
पुरानी मामले के चक्कर में वो पूरे देश के साथ व्यापारिक रिश्ते न सुधारना लोक कल्याण नहीं है क्योंकि कोरोना में हमारी प्राथमिकता निर्यात बढ़ाकर रोज़गार निर्माण
की होनी चाहिए। )
- SC reservation and religion: Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950: 15% SC reservation IF ONLY
person belongs to Hindu/Sikh/Buddhists. The original order under which only Hindus were classified as SCs,
was amended to include Sikhs in 1956, and in 1990. 2) this religion restriction does not apply to ST
reservation. 3) if SC/ST woman marriage to non-SC/ST husband then by default child will carry the non-SC/ST
caste but if mother alone had raised the child (e.g. born without marrying, divorcee, widow etc) then Child
may get the reservation benefit. 😥 controversy? A Maharashtra minister alleged that IRS officer Sameer
Wankhede (presently in narcotics bureau, handling the SRK son arrest)…Sameer’s father was Muslim, Sameer
married in Muslim ceremony. Yet he claimed SC reservation in UPSC. So this is wrong because Muslim person
cannot claim SC reservation. (अनुसूचित जाति और जनजाति में आरक्षण के लिए धर्म की अनिवार्यता। एससी आरक्षण सिर्फ़ उन्हें मिल सकता है जो
हिंदू सिख या बौद्ध धर्म से। जिसने मुस्लिम धर्म में परिवर्तन किया हो उसे SC आरक्षण नहीं मिल सकता समीर वानखेड़े मामले में सब चर्चा)

- World Inequality Report 2022 co-authored by economist Thomas Piketty(and many other such reports)
Mrunal’s Win22 series next year. THE BOTTOM 50 per cent of the global population owns just 2 per cent of
wealth and 8 per cent of income, while the top 10 per cent of population owns 76 per cent of total household
wealth and captured 52 per cent of total income in 2021. ( वैश्विक समानता के अलग अलग रिपोर्ट एक साथ हम देखेंगे बाद में)

- Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM): neither statutory Nor constitutional.
Reconstituted for a period of two years. Chairman- Bibek Debroy. seven-member body. Newspaper has given
big article on the previous recommendations made by the committee but we will not spend much time in it
because main focus of UPSC of tends be on the recommendations given by economic survey by the chief
economic adviser (प्रधानमंत्री की आर्थिक सलाहकार परिषद के बारे में हम बहूत झंडा ले के नहीं घुस जाएंगे क्योंकि UPSC की मुख्य परीक्षा में प्रश्नों का
झुकाव आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण में दिए गए मामलों पर होता है)
- National Bank for Financing Infrastructureand Development (NaBFID) → Chairman K V Kamath. What is this
body? Fully covered in Mrunal’s Win21 Series Pillar#1B . (https://Mrunal.org/download)
Daily Current Oct 31: Nothing significant.

- India and Vatican - establishment of diplomatic relations in 1948. “India is home to the second largest
Catholic population in Asia. And within India, Christians are the third largest religious community in India
(2.3%) after Hindus (79.8%) and Muslims (14.2%). 2021: prime Minister Modi met with the Pope, talked about
climate change and vaccination. (प्रधानमंत्री मोदी की वेटिकन में पोप से मुलाक़ात जहाँ जलवायु परिवर्तन और टीकाकरण पर चर्चा हुई)

- Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act→ if cities that don’t meet with acceptable levels of the National
Ambient Air Quality standards as prescribed under the Air Act then pollution control board can be in use of
certain fuels e.g. petcoke / furnace oil are banned in Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot. PIL in Guj HC to
ban the use of coal in this cities as well. But, Challenges? 1) natural gas network not present everywhere so
coal required 2) natural gas more expensive than coal. ( यदि राष्ट्रीय वायु गुणवत्ता मानकों के हिसाब से किसी शहर में वायु गुणवत्ता ठीक
नहीं है तो प्रदूषण नियंत्रण बोर्ड वहाँ कु छ ईंधनो पर प्रतिबंध लगा सकता है जैसे की गुजरात के कु छ शहरों में पिटकोक/फरनेस तेल के इस्तेमाल की मनाही है अब
हाईकोर्ट में याचिका दायर की कोयला भी बंद करवा देना चाहिए लेकिन अब बिना कोयले के कु छ उद्योगों में उत्पादन असंभव क्योंकि प्राकृ तिक गैस या तो उपलब्ध
नहीं, या बोहोत महेंगी ही है)
- Rashtriya Ekta Diwas, celebrated on 31st October, commemorates the contributions of freedom fighter and
country’s first Union Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
- GSM4/Ethics: forgiveness: MOHAMMAD Ganai’s son is arrested in Uttar Pradesh for celebrating the victory
of Pakistan in cricket match. Father Ganai says, “I don't know whether he committed a mistake. I seek
forgiveness for him. Even if he has not done anything, we still seek forgiveness. Please forgive him and free
him from jail” said Ganai. Whereas SRK’s son arrested in narco case, but father SRK not made any public
statement about narco usage, instead, SRK deployed an army of expensive lawyers to help him. Points to
reflect: Poor father seeks forgiveness even if crime not committed, because difficult to hire expensive lawyers
and go through the lengthy process in court. ( पाकिस्तान की जीत का जश्न मनाने के लिए उत्तर प्रदेश में गिरफ़्तार हुए एक कश्मीरी लड़के के
बाप ने मीडिया में कहा कि “मेरे बेटे ने गुनाह ना भी किया हो तो भी, मैं माफ़ी माँगता हूँ उसे माफ़ कीजिए और जेल से रिहा कीजिए।” जबकि कु छ फ़िल्म सितारों के
बच्चे को नशीली द्रव्यों के सेवन के लिए जेल में फ़िट भी हो जाते हैं तो भी बाप मीडिया में कु छ भी नहीं बोलते क्योंकि शायद उन्हें यक़ीन है कि महेंगे वक़ील द्वारा बेटे
को ज़मानत पर रिहाई मिल जाएगी, जबकि शायद ग़रीब बाप के लिए यह संभव न हो इसलिए वो कह रहा है कि “मेरे बेटे ने गुनाह ना भी किया हो तो भी, मैं माफ़ी
माँगता हूँ”)

- GSM4/Case Study: vaccination of teachers: Over 2,000 school teachers yet to get vaccine in Kerala citing
health reasons, religious reasons, safety reasons. Education department ordered the unvaccinated children
not to conduct physical class but conduct online classes. Critics argue that online classes are not as effective as
offline classes and so this government school teachers must be told to vaccinate compulsorily and conduct
offline classes for the benefit of students otherwise remove them job because such teachers are wasting
taxpayers money by not conducting classes offline. As education secretary (IAS) how are you address this?
(के रेला में 2000 शिक्षकों ने अभी तक टिका नहीं लगवाया क्योंकि उन्हें स्वास्थ्य और धार्मिक कारणों से टिका लेने से एतराज़ है। शिक्षा मंत्रालय ने उन सभी शिक्षकों
को कहा कि आप ऑफ़लाइन क्लास नहीं ले सकते है ऑनलाइन पढ़ाई करवाए। लेकिन आलोचकों का ये कहना है कि जब तनख़्वाह दी जा रही है तो ऑफ़लाइन पढ़ने
में ही विद्यार्थी को ज़्यादा फ़ायदा होगा, इसलिए उन सभी शिक्षकों को कहा जाए कि टीका लगवाओ और ऑफ़लाइन क्लास लेने आओ, वरना नौकरी से निकाल देंगे।”
आलोचकों की इस बात पर शिक्षा सचिव के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे?)
- POWER Ministry has proposed amendments to the Energy Conservation Act, 2001, (EC Act) to encourage
use of clean energy→ let newspapers write more detailed articles on this fir dekhenge.
- G20 leaders Rome Summit 2021:1) minimum corporate tax deal to start from 2023 2) vaccination for 70% of
the world population and focus on poor countries. 3) Mild pledges related to climate change

- GSM4/Ethics in IR: In Bible, Jesus said ““Put your sword back in its place because all who take up a sword will
perish by a sword.” Modern Example: For years Pakistani ISI/ military establishment trained terrorist against
India. It resulted in flourishing of many religious extremist groups. 2021: banned Tehreek-i-Labbaik Pakistan
(TLP) party used sub-machine guns (SMGs) against policemen during anti-government protests in Pakistan.
Even the Pakistani military/police establishment is shocked on how this happened! ( बाइबल में ईसा मसीह ने कहा है कि
अपनी तलवार वापस उसकी जगह पे रख दो क्योंकि जो लोग तलवार उठाते हैं वो अंत में तलवार से ही मरते हैं। आधुनिक विश्व में उदाहरण: इतने सालों तक
पाकिस्तानी सरकार ने आतंकवादियों को प्रशिक्षण दिया भारत के ख़िलाफ़ आतंक मचाने के लिए अब वही कट्टर संगठन पाकिस्तान सरकार के ख़िलाफ़ प्रदर्शन कर रहे
हैं और प्रदर्शन के दौरान इन पाकिस्तानी आंदोलनकारीयोने मशीन गन से पाकिस्तानी पुलिसवालों पर गोलियाँ चलाईं। इस घटना से पाकिस्तानी सैन्य और पुलिस
प्रशासन के उच्च अधिकारी भी सदमे में है, कि हमने साँप को दूध पिलाया और साँप हमको ही डसने आ गया है।)

European Union’ human rights prize: given to IMPRISONED RUSSIAN opposition leader Alexei Navalny, who is
Russian President Vladimir Putin’s main critic। (रशिया के विपक्षी नेता को यूरोपीय संघ द्वारा मानव अधिकार पारितोषिक दिया गया)

- "conscious possession”: SRK Son Aryan Khan was arrested but drug was not found in his position however
Narco drugs found in possession of his friend Arbaaz Merchant. And from WhatsApp chats it is evident that
Aryan was aware about this. This amounts to conscious position and therefore he cannot be given bail. ( सचेत
भंडारण: हालाँकि शाहरुख़ सूपुत्र आर्यन ख़ान के क़ब्ज़े से नशीले द्रव्य नहीं लेकिन उसके दोस्त के पास नशीले द्रव्य बरामद हुए. वॉट्सऐप चैट से ही प्रतीत होता है कि आर्यन को ये
सब पता था इसलिए वो उसके सचेत कब्ज़े में माना जाएगा और ज़मानत नहीं मिली)
- 🎓Self Study Explained Series: Buddhist tourism circuit, new Airport at Kushinagar, UP.
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/kushinagar-buddhist-pilgrimage-town-and-site-of-big-infra-
push-7582449/ (https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/kushinagar-buddhist-pilgrimage-town-and-site-
of-big-infra-push-7582449/)

- innocent until proven guilty / Burden of Proof/ presumption of innocence: Such concept not applicable in
NDPS Act / some money laundering / some Terrorism related Acts. Here the accused person has to prove that
he was not going to commit the crime / did not commit the crime. e.g. aryan Khan Whatsapp chat reveal
that he was a drug addict. So he has to prove that he did not have the intention to consume drugs in the
October Cruiz party. (सबूत का बोझ / बेगुनाही का अनुमान: सामान्य रूप से अपराधी पर पुलिस/सरकारी वक़ील अदालत में अपराध साबित न कर पाएँ तब तक
उसे निर्दोष माना जाता है। लेकिन मादक द्रव्य, धनशोधन और आतंकवाद के कु छ क़ानून ऐसे हैं जहाँ पर अपराधी ने साबित करना होता है कि वह निर्दोष है या उसका अपराध का
कोई इरादा नहीं था। शाहरुख़ सूपुत्र आर्यन ख़ान वॉट्सऐप चैट से प्रतीत होता है कि उसे नशा करने की पहले से आदत थी और वो ऐसे नशेड़ियों की सोबत में था तो आर्यन ने स्वयं
साबित करना होगा कि जहाज़ पर पार्टी में नशा करने का उसका कोई इरादा नहीं था।)

- ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Army’s counter-terror op in Poonch recalls strike in Hilkaka 18 years ago, Operation Sarp Vinas.

- 🎓Self Study Explained Series: Election of Dy Speaker- no exact time limit prescribed in the Constitution.
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/uttar-pradesh-assembly-deputy-speaker-election-nitin-
agrawal-7582446/ (https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/uttar-pradesh-assembly-deputy-speaker-
election-nitin-agrawal-7582446/)

- China's GDP growth falling because 1) real estate evergrande company crisis is that we learned yesterday 2)
Chinese government becoming more strict on private sector companies like JackMa’s Ali-baba and even
banned paid coaching/e-learning sites. This is discouraging foreign investors. 3) Young population declining
→ ageing workers → ⏫higher wages affecting the profitability and making certain foreign companies to shift
production in other nations. 4) China wants to conclude foreign trade deals with USA and European Union
and so far show-baazi trying to become strict on on environment/coal mining/emission reforms → it also
affecting the manufacturing and energy sector. चीन की आर्थिक वृद्धि दर में गिरावट आ रही है क्योंकि मकान विनिर्माण कं पनियों में आर्थिक संकट।
निजी क्षेत्र की कं पनियों पर सरकार की सख़्ती के चलते विदेशी निवेश पर ख़राब असर। अमेरिका और यूरोप के साथ व्यापारिक समझौते के लिए चीनी सरकार पर्यावरण के नियमों को
सख़्त कर रही है जिसे स्थानीय उत्पादन और ऊर्जा क्षेत्र को ख़राब असर।

- IBPS PO Recruitment. Last Date 10th Nov. one should prepare as per the requirement of the exam. (Maths,
reasoning, English,…) No dearth of resources (complete playlists on YouTube covering the entire
course/syllabus). But speed / accuracy in Maths/Reasoning CANNOT be developed reading solved sums.
You’ve to PRACTICE IT. + Keep “DIARY OF MISTAKES”.

- projects for providing internet connectivity to inaccessible areas as well- SpaceX’s StarLink, Airtel Sunil
Bharti Mittal’s OneWeb, Amazon’s Project Kuiper. (दुर्गम प्रदेशों में सस्ते इंटरनेट के लिए ये अलग अलग प्रॉजेक्ट चल रहे हैं)
“EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo-Pacific” document. 1) French View: India must be seen as an
important partner in this. India can also help us in maritime security, pharmaceutical etc. 2) Germany view:
Japan, ASEAN more important because they can provide us electronic chips for our auto mobile industry etc.
Overall, German view has prevailed. And In terms of partnerships, India does not figure very prominently in
this EU vision document. By and large, the Indo-Pacific strategy of the EU remains driven by economic
considerations and India, whose main asset is geopolitical and even geostrategic, does not figure prominently
in it. (यूरोपियन संघ/यूनियन की हिंद-प्रशांत में सहकार के लिए रणनीति: फ़्रान्स का मानना है कि भारत इसमें काफ़ी मदद कर सकता है हालाँकि जर्मनी का मानना है कि
भारत से ज़्यादा जापान ताइवान और आसियान समूह के अन्य देश अधिक महत्वपूर्ण है क्योंकि वे हमें इलेक्ट्रॉनिक चिप और दूसरा ज़रूरी सामान निर्यात कर सकते हैं। अंततः इस
दस्तावेज़ में जर्मनी का रवैया ज़्यादा पाया गया यानी की भारत को यूरोपीय संघ ने हिंद-प्रशांत इलाक़े में अपना महत्वपूर्ण साथी नहीं बताया है। शायद इसलिए क्योंकि यूरोपीय संघ ने
अपनी रणनीति आर्थिक उद्देश्य से बनायी है और भारत की सेना तो मज़बूत है लेकिन अर्थतंत्र इतना मज़बूत नहीं)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋BANGLADESH Temples attacked → Protest in Assam’s Barak Valley
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Explained: Why October’s been so rainy. अक्टू बर महीने में ज़्यादा बारिश क्यों हो रही है इस पर लंबी चौड़ी एक्सप्लेन सीरीज़ बनायी तो
है लेकिन मुझे एक ख़ास मज़ा नहीं आया परीक्षा के लिए
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋India, Israel to renew negotiations on FTA. LET THEM COMPLETE.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Kidnappers in Haiti demand $17 mn to free US missionary group
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Russia shuts down mission to NATO in spy row retaliation

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Uttarakhand landslides cut off Nainital. The Kerala floods, landslides, State government has
opened the doors of the Idukki dam as the state’s largest reservoir is rapidly filling up with heavy rainfall.
You should prepare the entire disaster management segment at once and not as a ✋reactionary approach to
daily answer writing challenges. (आपदा प्रबंधन का पूरा मुद्दा एक साथ ख़त्म करो.)

AI-Limitations: to reduce the worker salary burden, Facebook uses more and more of artificial intelligence
(AI) to flag/remove inappropriate content but 😰Limitation1] its AI not fully trained on foreign languages.
They were unable to remove the hate speech in Assam is language because they neither have artificial
intelligence or human workers knowing Assamese language. 😰Limitation 2] Facebook’s AI cannot consistently
identify shooting videos, racist rants, sometimes difference between cockfighting and car crashes”. 😰
Limitation3] Facebook only removes “a low single-digit percent” of hate speech content, ( फ़े सबुक की कृ त्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता
आपत्तिजनक पोस्ट हटाने में प्रभावी नहीं है। असम जैसे प्रदेशों की स्थानीय भाषाओं में लिखे गए आपत्तिजनक पोस्ट हटाने के लिए न तो फ़े सबुक के पास कृ त्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता है और न
ही कर्मचारी। )

Coal Mining is a necessary evil: Australia ki Greta Thurnberg- Anjali Sharma filed PIL to stop coal mining
activities in New South Wales. But the court rejected the plea (due to possible job losses and economic loss
after burning coal mining) however court directed the government to be more conscious about environment
and future generations. In India to previous economic surveys have observed that we cannot stop coal mining
completely despite attempts of Carbon imperialism by 1st World. ऑस्ट् रेलिया में जनहित याचिका की कोयला खनन पर
प्रतिबंध लगे लेकिन अदालत ने प्रतिबंध नहीं लगाया क्योंकि आर्थिक वृद्धि और रोज़गार के लिए कोयला खनन को संपूर्ण रूप से प्रतिबंध नहीं कर सकते हालाँकि अदालत ने सरकार
को आदेश दिया कि भविष्य की पीढ़ियों के लिए पर्यावरण का ख्याल रखा जाए। भारत में भी आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण इसी प्रकार की बातें पहले कर चुका है
Coal Shortage: While India has the world’s fifth-largest coal reserves. Theoretically, therefore, there is no
physical shortage as we can mine as much as we want to. But Govt company Coal India's capacity is limited
because 1) does not have the technology to continue mining in the rainy season 2) its profits are not
reinvested in expansion of the mining activities/research but rather to give as dividend (so as to help
government in its welfare schemes and Fiscal deficit management) 3) so we have to rely on imports but
China and Australia coal mining activities have facing problems by the environment lobby. → those foreign
coal mining company is required to invest in the green technology which is increasing their cost of
production → expensive coal import for India. (वैसे तो भारत में कोयले के आरक्षित भंडार विपुल मात्रा में है लेकिन सरकारी कं पनी कोल इंडिया के
पास बारिश में खनन करने की अच्छी टेक्नोलॉजी नहीं है सरकारी कम्पनी को जो भी मुनाफ़ा होता है ज़्यादातर पैसा लाभांश डिविडेंड के रूप में सरकार को दे दी है जबकि उसने
मुनाफ़े की रक़म से खनन की नई नई टेक्नोलॉजी और मशीनरी ख़रीदी चाहिए। जिसके चलते घरेलू उत्पाद में कमी विदेशी आयात में बढ़ोतरी। इसके अलावा चीन और ऑस्ट्रेलिया में
भी कोयला खनन पर विविध पर्यावरण नियमों के चलते कोयला महँगा हुआ है/ आपूर्ति में कटौती हुई है)

Congress giving 40 % tickets in UP to women. Welcome step provided that ordinary grassroot level women
leaders are given the ticket and not those belonging to the elite families. Under SDG Goals India aims to have
50% of the Parliament and Vidhan Sabha seats occupied by women. (सतत् विकास लक्ष्य में भारत सरकार चाहती है कि संसद और
विधानसभा में आधी संख्या महिलाओं की हो। उत्तर प्रदेश चुनाव में कांग्रेस ने ऐलान किया कि 40% टिकट महिलाओं में बाँटे जाएंगे हालाँकि एक सामान्य महिलाओं को टिकट मिले
तो वास्तविक सशक्तिकरण होगा। ये नहीं कि अमीर और राजनैतिक घराने की महिलाओं को टिकट मिले)
Facebook plans to build “the metaverse,” a futuristic notion for connecting online users via augmented and
virtual reality.
Foxconn is a contract manufacturer for Apple and Xiaomi etc. Has large factories in China. Now launched its
electric vehicles.

gender inequality in Lawyer profession: 1) there is no law/rules/regulation the minimum fees. clients choose
female lawyers so that they can pay lesser amounts in fees. 2) while there is reservation for women in many
State PSC jobs, but there is no such Women reservation for the positions for a public prosecutor, thereby
rendering women government pleaders extremely rare. 3) unusable restrooms, lack of creches in courts, non-
recognition of maternity leaves. 4) Most women practising in the courtroom are pigeonholed into practising
family law, divorce/ domestic violence cases or women’s rights law. Rarely making a big name in the
criminal prosecution or commercial disputes. 5) lack of role models from grassroot: because the
magazines/blogs tend to spotlight female lawyers from corporate sector (usually daughters/wives of some
rich/big father/husband.) 😰IMPACT? To become HC/SC judge, person requires experience/exposure/fame
but female lawyers deprived of it. (वकालत व्यवसाय में लैंगिक असमानता के विविध कारण । जिसके चलते महिला वक़ील पुरुषों के मुक़ाबले अनुभव और
शोहरत कम हासिल कर पाती है जिसके चलते महिला जजों की संख्या भी बढ़ नहीं पाती)

Global Food Security Ranking: Index was designed by London-based Economist Impact and is sponsored by
Corteva Agriscience. 🤩 Indicators: measures the factors of affordability, availability, quality and safety, and
natural resources and resilience.🤩 Rank#1: Ireland, Australia, the UK, Finland, Switzerland, the Netherlands,
Canada, Japan, France and the US. 😰India: 71st position among 113 nations. Pakistan Sri Lanka Nepal and
Bangladesh behind India while China is ahead of India. (⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ low profile report not greatly
important. )
Goa Bhumipurta Bill: passed in Vidhan Sabha to give House ownership right to disputed/illegal occupants but
lot of negative sentiments in local public/opposition that non-Goan migrants will occupy all homes etc so
state government decided not to send it to the Governor so it will be allowed to lapse. CM: Bhumiputra Bill
won’t be sent to Governor (यदि कोई व्यक्ति 30 सालों से किसी विवादित मकान में रह रहा है जिसकी मालिकी का विवाद चल रहा है तो वह दंड की कु छ रक़म
सरकार में जमा कर उसका क़ानूनन मालिक बन सकता है गोवा सरकार ऐसा भूमिपुत्र विधेयक लायी थी विधानसभा में पास भी हो गया लेकिन स्थानीय जनता नाराज़ है कि प्रवासी
मज़दूर इसकी मदद से मकानों पर क़ब्ज़ा कर लेंगे अंततः सरकार ने तय किया कि राज्यपाल गवर्नर को ये पास हुआ भी नहीं भेजा जाएगा. ताकि वह व्यपगत/ख़ारिज हो जाए )

GSM4: religious gurus- Dera Sacha Sauda chief Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh to life in prison for murdering
employee. A fine of Rs 31 lakh for compensation to victim family. (धर्मगुरु राम रहीम को हत्या के मामले में आजीवन कारावास। किसी
जवाब के उदाहरण के लिए उपयोगी, क्योंकि जुर्म क़ानूनन रूप से साबित हो चुका है।)

GSM4/ role of parents: There are many reasons for adolescents to misbehave, and the lack of or
inappropriate family education is the major cause, China’s parliament will consider legislation to punish
parents if their young children exhibit “very bad behaviour” or commit crimes. Previously, Chinese
government also imposed regulations to 1) ⏬online game addiction 2) ⏬“blind” worship of internet
celebrities. यदि बच्चे किशोर नाबालिग अपराधी करें बतमीजी करें दुर्व्यवहार करें तो कहीं न कहीं उसके माँ बाप की भी ज़िम्मेदारी है कि सही से परवरिश नहीं की है संस्कार
सिंचन नहीं किया। इसके लिए चीनी सांसद ऐसा क़ानून बनाने जा रही है जहाँ बद्तमीज़ आपराधिक बच्चों के लिए उनके माँ बाप को भी सजा हो सकती है। इससे पहले भी चीनी
सरकार ऑनलाइन गेमिंग की लत बंद करवाने के लिए सख़्त नियम बना चुकी है उसी तरह कु छ इंटरनेट सेलिब्रिटी की अंधी भक्ति से किशोरों को बचाने के लिए भी कु छ सख़्त नियम
बना चुकी है।

GSM4/Leadership: whenever Prime Minister Modi receives a gift in his position as Prime Minister → he
deposits it to gift depository (Toshakhana). Then such gifts are auctioned and money is used for welfare
schemes/girl education etc. But, Pak PM Imran Khan accused of selling gifts he received including a watch
worth $1 million. Points to reflect when the leader himself his petty/greedy the same value system also
percolate down to lower leadership and lower bureaucracy. That there is nothing wrong in accepting the
gifts/ using office resources for personal use. (सामान्य रूप से प्रधानमंत्री या राष्ट्रपति को जो भेंट तोहफ़े दिए जाते हैं उसे सरकारी तोषखाने में जमा
करवाया जाता है बाद में उन तोहफों की नीलामी कर पैसा ग़रीब कल्याण और बेटी पढ़ाओ योजना में इस्तेमाल किया जाता है। लेकिन पाकिस्तानी प्रधानमंत्री इमरान ख़ान पर आरोप
कि उन्हें प्रधानमंत्री के रूप में, किसी विदेशी नेता ने उन्हें एक मिलियन डॉलर की घड़ी तोहफ़े में दी थी, उसे ख़ुद बेच के पैसा खा गए हैं। जब वरिष्ठ नेता स्वयं ही ऐसा छोटा
आचरण करें तो वही सारे मूल्योका अनुसरण नीचे के नेता/अफ़सर करते है।)

GSM4/SRT: A MAN attempted self-immolation on the Vadodara district court. His reasoning: “My brother had
been arrested in a case but the lawyers had not been paying heed to his questions. The lawyers have been
telling me to approach the Supreme Court. Not a single lawyer is answering my questions or explaining the
case. While celebrity kids like Aryan Khan getting a team of lawyers working day and night to get him bailed
out. What is a poor man supposed to do for his brother?” If he is your neighbour, then what advice or
counselling when you give to this man? (बड़ौदा की जिला अदालत में एक व्यक्ति ने आत्मदाह की कोशिश की। उसने कारण दिया दिया कि उसका भाई
काफ़ी समय से जेल में है लेकिन कोई वक़ील उसको सही तरीक़े से मदद/सलाह नहीं दे रहा, और सीधा सुप्रीम कोर्ट जाने की सलाह देता है। एक तरफ़ आर्यन ख़ान की ज़मानत के
लिए वकीलों की फ़ौज खड़ी है लेकिन ग़रीब आदमी की क़ानूनन मदद के लिए कोई नहीं है। तो इस व्यक्ति के पड़ोसी के रूप में आप उसे क्या सलाह देंगे?) 250 words.
Hint- 1) NALSA, SALSA, TELELAW App. 2) Case Study abt self-immolation in court premise: possible mistake in
the answer writing could be candidate focusing too much on the constitutional provisions / government
schemes available for free legal aid to poor. But not writing the ethical aspect that trying to commit suicide
is wrong. (गरीबों का मुफ़्त में क़ानूनी सहायता के लिए संविधान और कौन सी सरकारी योजनाएँ उस पर तो लोग लंबी चौड़ी जवाब लिखेंगे लेकिन इंसाफ़ के लिए आत्महत्या
करना क्यों ग़लत है उसकी भी ज़िक्र करना ज़रूरी)
GSM4/SRT: Ahmedabad municipal Corporation offering cooking to get poor people vaccinated. Instances in
Raipur-Khadiya area wherein Poor people take the vaccine get the cooking oil and then barter it with the
illegal liquor dens for alcohol. As Municiple commissioner (IAS) how will you address this? Angles 1) if you say
E-Rupi se cooking oil dedo → and also bartering is possible from cooking oil to liquor. 2) IEC ki pipudi ✋ why
do you always expect that giving the roses will result in change of heart? (अहमदाबाद म्युनिसिपल है निगम द्वारा कोरोना टीकाकरण
के लिए गरीबों को लुभाने के लिए खाद्य तेल दिया जा रहा है लेकिन पाया गया कु छ ग़रीब टीकाकरण के बाद खाद्य तेल कि थेलिया लेकर देशी दारू के ठेके पर उसकी एवज़ में
शराब की थेलिया लिए ख़रीद रहे हैं। म्युनिसिपल कमिशनर के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे)

GSM4/SRT: Clothing brand FabIndia launchd new clothes series “Jashn-e-Riwaaz” (celebration of tradition)
saying “As we welcome the festival of love and light, Jashn-e-Riwaaz by Fabindia is a collection that
beautifully pays homage to Indian culture”. Right wing groups have started social media campaign
#BoycottFabindia that “Company is ‘defacing’ the Hindu festival of Deepavali by giving Urdu names.
Company is unnecessarily uplifting secularism and Muslim ideologies in a Hindu festival.” As the company
marketing vice president how will you address this controversy? (✋hint: IAS/IPS role to promote secularism,
but Company marketing managers first role is positive brand image and profitability.) ( कपड़ा कं पनी ने दीवाली के पर्व पर
जश्न रिवाज़ नामक मार्के टिंग अभियान शुरू किया है कु छ हिंदू संगठन ट्विटर पर आपत्ति जता रहे हैं कि दिवाली को उर्दू रंग क्यों दिया जा रहा है, ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा धर्मनिरपेक्षता
क्यों दिखाई जा रही है? मुस्लिम तुष्टिकरण क्यों हो रहा है इत्यादि। कं पनी के मार्के टिंग VP के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)

GSM4/SRT: migrants are running away from Jammu Kashmir after terrorist begin killing non-Muslim outsiders.
This is also affecting the social distancing at bus stations, local businessmen are suffering due to lack of
workers. As IAS/IPS how will you address this? आतंकवादियों के डर से जम्मू कश्मीर से पलायन कर रहे प्रवासी मज़दूरों का पलायन रोकने के लिए
अफ़सर के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे?

GSM4/SRT: Saurashtra University (SU) recruitment of 88 faculty members. NSUI (Congress Student outfit) has
alleged that a secret WhatsApp group has been formed for the favourite candidates who’ve paid bribes/close
to BJP. Thus the entire recruitment process has been maligned and needs to be cancelled. Although the
candidates named in such Whatsapp screenshot deny involvement. Academic work is not going out the full
pace due to shortage of teachers. As the Vice Chancellor how will you address this crisis? ( यूनिवर्सिटी में अध्यापकों की
नियुक्ति प्रक्रिया में धाँधली के आरोप वाट्सएप स्क्रीन शॉट जारी किए गए जहाँ पर भी एक ऐसा वॉट्सएप ग्रुप बनाया गया है जिसमें ऐसे उम्मीदवारों की चैटिंग चल रही है जिन्होंने या
तो बहाली के लिए पैसा दिया है या सत्ता पक्ष से सिफ़ारिश लेकर आए हैं। सोशल मीडिया में बवाल चल रहा है, आरोपी उम्मीदवार कह रहे हैं ये सब फ़र्ज़ी स्क्रीन शॉट हैं। अध्यापकों
की क़िल्लत के चलते पढ़ाई की प्रक्रिया भी रुकी हुई है। उप कु लपति के रूप में आप इस समस्या को कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)

GSM4/SRT: Vadodara Municipal Corporation (VMC): govt housing scheme for poor people → Application form
issued. Token system. Daily 100 forms given to token holders. Large crowd gathered 1) social distancing
violated 2) in a rush to get tokens → stampede, many people injured. As municipal commissioner (IAS) how
will you address this? (Points: 😰A] “I will create a app or web portal”- that is already present but every poor
man doesn’t have PC/Smartphone. 😰B] I will encourage rental housing system so everyone does not have to
buy a home! - that is long-term solution what will be your immediate priority?) ( बड़ौदा नगर निगम द्वारा सस्ते आवास योजना के
लिए गरीबों में फ़ॉर्म बाँटे जा रहे थे लेकिन भीड़ इतनी ज़्यादा अधिक भगदड़ में लोग घायल हुए थे। म्यूनिसिपल कमिश्नर के रूप में आप ऐसी दुर्घटनाओं का पुनरावर्तन कै से रोकें गे?
अब ये मत बोलना कि मैं उसका मोबाइल ऐप बना दूँगा - ये काम सलीम काका पहले भी १४ बार कर चुका था, लेकिन सब लोगों के पास स्मार्टफ़ोन नहीं होता। मैं किराये के
मकानों को प्रोत्साहन दूँगा ताकि सब लोग मकान ख़रीदना है लेकिन वो तो दीर्घावधि का उपाय है, तुरंत आपकी प्राथमिकता क्या होगी?)
History self-study columns on: Gandhi, Savarkar
Hypersonic missiles - travel at a **speed five times that of sound. **But they are slower than ballistic
missiles, they are harder to intercept and can be manoeuvred. **Scramjets technolog**y is used for
hypersonic missiles. Scramjet are a category of engines designed to handle airflows of speeds in multiples of
the speed of sound. US, Russia India, and China are developing. China secretly developing this. India testing**
Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV),** with a capability to travel at six times the speed of
sound. (आवाज़ से भी तेज चलने वाले मिसाइल जो उस स्क्रे मजेट टेक्नोलॉजी/प्रौद्योगिकी का इस्तेमाल करते हैं। भारत चीन सहित अलग अलग देश इसका परीक्षण कर रहे हैं)

If carbon emissions continue at current levels, then polar ice will disappear by 2100 — and, along with it,
creatures such as seals and polar bears यदि कार्बन उत्सर्जन को क़ाबू में नहीं रखा तो वर्ष २१००में सारी बर्फ़ पिघल जाएगी और ध्रुवीय भालू विलुप्त हो
जाएंगे

IMF Quota REFORMS: after IMF chief Kristalina Georgia was accused to manipulating World Bank Ease of Doing
Business reports…. Now the critics are demanding further reforms in the IMF system. IMF-SDR system quota is
allotted based on the size of economy. So 😾Demand1] China should be given equal or higher quota than USA
because its GDP is large. 😾 Demand2] quota share of BRICS countries need to be increased significantly,” 😾
Demand3] India and other countries are now capable of arranging the foreign currency on their own from the
market and from allied nations through currency swap agreements so IMF should focus more on helping lower
income countries. (कु ल मिलाकर बात यह है कि अंतरराष्ट्रीय मौद्रिक कोष के संगठन में सुधार की माँग चल रही है कि वहाँ पर चीन का कोटा भी अमेरिका के बराबर
हो, ब्रिक्स देशों का कोटा भी बढ़ाया जाए। IMF ने ग़रीब देशों की मदद के लिए ज़्यादा ध्यान देना चाहिए क्योंकि भारत जैसे देश देश मुद्रा संकट के दौरान बाज़ार से भी लोन का
इंतज़ाम कर सकते हैं। ) **More in Mrunal’s Win22 Series.**

IMF unveiled its 2nd World Economic Outlook (WEO). The IMF comes out with the report twice every year —
April and October. ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋We will not waste time studying it because we should focus only on the data
that is published in the economic survey 2022 from exam point of view.

India Afghanistan: India has invited the national security advisers of Afghanistan’s neighbours — Pakistan,
Iran, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China, and Russia — to join the consultations on regional security ( अफ़ग़ानिस्तान की
सुरक्षा समीक्षा के लिए भारत ने अफ़ग़ानिस्तान के पड़ोसी देशों के राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा सलाहकारों की परिषद का आयोजन किया है)

India’s Foreign Aid: On average, India gives foreign aid/development assistance of $6.48 billion and receives
foreign aid of $6.09 billion annually. 2005: Indian Development and Economic Assistance Scheme (IDEAS) was
launched, implemented through the Department of Economic Affairs (DEA) in the Ministry of Finance. India's
foreign aid to other nations has five modalities — capacity building, concessional finance, technology
sharing, grant, duty-free quota-free access to the Indian market. Additionally, we support partner countries
in combating natural disasters (Nepal), political and humanitarian crises (Maldives, Afghanistan), and in
building social infrastructure/schools hospitals (Kenya, Madagascar). Way forward? 1) Project exports (give
loans to poor countries to develop Metrorail but with condition that they have to buy the engine and
technology from India similar to what Japan is doing with Bullet Train) 2) require the poor countries to
implement system similar to Jan Dhan- Aadhar - Mobile (JAM) to ensure that India's money received by real
beneficiary, not siphoned off by corrupt officials. . ( प्रति वर्ष भारत को छः बिलियन डॉलर की विदेशी सहायता मिलती है और भारत स्वयं भी
ग़रीब देशों को छः बिलियन डॉलर की विदेशी सहायता देता है। इस योजना का अमल वित् विभाग का आर्थिक मामलों का विभाग करता है। भारत ग़रीब देशों को जो विदेशी सहायता
देता है उसके पाँच स्तंभ हैं- क्षमता निर्माण, रियायती ब्याज पर लोन देना, प्रौद्योगिकी साझा करना, अनुदान देना, आयात पर टैक्स नहीं लगाना। इसके अलावा हम प्राकृ तिक
आपदा राजनीतिक आपदा और सामाजिक बुनियादी अवसंरचना निर्माण के लिए भी ढेर सारा पैसा और मदद देते हैं।🤩 हमने जापान की तरह प्रोजेक्ट निर्यात करना चाहिए यानी कि
किसी देश को रेलवे बनाने के लिए लोन दो इस शर्त के साथ ही एंजिन के डिब्बे भारत से ख़रीदने होंगे।) २) जनधन आधार व मोबाइल जैसी प्रणाली बनवाई जाए ताकि ग़रीब देश में
भी असल लाभार्थी को पैसा मिले भ्रष्टाचार में भारतीय पैसा बर्बाद न हो
Indian Space Association - Launched in 2021. Members: Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and
private telecom companies such as Bharti Airtel’s One Web, Tata Group’s Nelco, L&T, MapMyIndia. 🤩Benefit:
Like NASSCOM, ASSOCHAM this space-industry lobby group will be able to put forward their demands to govt
more effectively, and will be able to coordinate internal for better business expansion. ( भारतीय अवकाश संगठन बनाया
गया है 2021 में जिसमें इसरो और निजी क्षेत्र की कं पनियां शामिल हैं. लोग आपस में ज़्यादा समन्वय कर पाएंगे और सरकार के समक्ष अपनी बातों को ज़्यादा मज़बूती से रख
पाएंगे)

LONG BEFORE Columbus crossed the Atlantic, the Vikings had done it in longboats. They had settlement at the
northern tip of Canada’s island of Newfoundland. Scientists have proved it with analysis of the wood
fragments with new type of Carbon dating technique using a long-ago solar storm as a reference point.
(एटलांटिक समंदर पार कर उत्तर अमेरिकी खंड में पहुँचने वाला कोलंबस फ़ै सला नहीं था उसे पहले भी वाइकिं ग समुदाय के लोग वहाँ पहुँच चुके थे, और कनाडा के
न्यू फ़ाउंडलेंड टापू पर उन्होंने अपना निवास भी जमाया था)
M1 Pro and M1 Max - new computer CPU chips designed by Apple company for its MacBook laptops.
Microsoft's also planning to build its own CPU chips for the surface laptops. Lesson? Competition brings
innovation, duopoly of Intel-AMD in CPU market Will be affected. अपने लैपटॉप के लिए स्वयं की CPU कि बना रहा है Apple
कं पनी। माइक्रोसॉफ्ट भी कु छ ऐसा इरादा रखता है। प्रतिस्पर्धा नवाचार को जन्म देती है।
Mercer CFA Institute Global Pension Index for 2021: Rank#1Iceland. India #40 among 47 nations. ( ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋
low profile report not greatly important. )

Middle Eastern Quad: FIRST-EVER MEETING between the foreign ministers of India, Israel, the United Arab
Emirates, and the United States. 2020: Donald trump’s Abraham Accords to mediate peace between Israel and
its neighbouring countries. US wants to downsize its expansive role in the Middle East developed since the
1970s. While USA is unlikely to quit the region due to its oil interests, but it wants to reduce some of its
regional burdens and strengthen its local partnerships. India should take this opportunity for improving
economic and strategic ties with middle Eastern nations. This can help India building a new QUAD similar to
Australia, India, Japan and the United States. ( मध्यपूर्व में भारत इज़राइल UAE तथा अमरीका के विदेश मंत्रियों की साझा बैठक। अमेरिका
मध्यपूर्व में संपूर्ण रूप से हटना तो नहीं चाहता लेकिन अपनी ज़िम्मेदारियों को थोड़ा कम करना चाहता है भारत के लिए यह अच्छा मौक़ा है देशों के साथ अपने
आर्थिक और सामरिक रिश्तों को मज़बूत करने का)
Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania has a glaciar but it will be lost to climate change

Mysuru-born Gita Gopinath was the first-ever woman Chief Economist of the IMF. She will leave her job in
2022 to return to Harvard University teaching profession । (अगले साल आइएमएफ के मुख्य अर्थशास्त्री गीता गोपीनाथ की नौकरी ख़त्म)
October 21 is observed as the Police Commemoration Day to pay homage to 10 CRPF Personnel who died in
1959 at Hot Springs, Ladakh, during an ambush by Chinese soldiers. ( पुलिस स्मृति दिवस - लद्दाख में चीनी सेना द्वारा मारे गए
CRPF जवानों की याद में मनाया जाता है)
October 29: World Stroke Day. Health ministry to release “stroke registry” showing demographic data related
to stroke patients.
PIN: USA Rapper KANYE West renamed “YE”

Prasar Bharati (statutory body under Ministry of information broadcasting) has large archive of historically
significant footage, such as the constituent assembly debates etc. It wants to sell all these videos and photos
to satellite TV channels and OTT platforms (Netflix Amazon prime Disney Hotstar) for “monetisation”. 😰
Criticism? Sad that monetisation has gone to the level of marketing historical treasures. 2) OTT platforms may
use such footage to rewrite history to suit the narrow political gains and create distortions are there on
international agenda. (प्रसार भारती के पास ऐतिहासिक मूल्य वाली कई फोटोग्राफ और वीडियो है जो कि वह निजी चैनलों को बेचकर पैसा बटोरना
चाहता है। विपक्ष निंदा कर रहा है कि पैसा कमाने के दाम पर हर एक सरकारी चीज़ को क्यों बेचा जा रहा है?-भले वो ऐतिहासिक धरोहर क्यों न हो? २) निजी
चैनलों द्वारा उन ही ऐतिहासिक वीडियो क्लिप को तोड़ मरोड़कर विकृ त रूप से इतिहास को दर्शाया जाए, राजनीतिक लाभ के लिए धार्मिक वैमनस्य पैदा किया जाए
इत्यादि।)
presently RBI invests its forex reserves mostly in Government securities of foreign countries and Gold. But RBI
put suggest that it should be invested in shares/equities for better profit/return. ( रिज़र्व बैंक ने आरक्षित विदेशी मुद्रा
निधि/कोष का पैसा विदेशी सरकारों के बांड की जगह शेयर बाज़ार में निवेश करना चाहिए ताकि उसे ज़्यादा मुनाफ़ा हो सके ।)

prime minister 60 point action plan 1) Single environment Act, 2) birth certificate will have citizenship info, 3)
jobs clause in FTAs. 4) ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy mechanism 5) Strengthen NCC in border 6) Adopt Odisha
model for promotion of sports nationally. But, ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ not important first of all let them actually start
implementation (प्रधानमंत्री का 60 बिंदु का कार्यक्रम-जन्म प्रमाण पत्र में ही नागरिकता का भी ज़िक्र हो, मुक्त व्यापार समझौते में रोज़गार का ज़िक्र हो, खेल
को प्रोत्साहन के लिए ओडिशा मॉडल को पूरे भारत में अपनाया जाए सरहदी इलाकों में NCC को प्रोत्साहन दिया जाए इत्यादि लेकिन असल में उन्हें ये सब
आधिकारिक रूप से घोषणा करने दो, बाद में पढ़ेंगे।)
ProShares Bitcoin Strategy ETF- first Bitcoin-linked exchange-traded fund in the US. What is Bitcoin? Explained
in Pillar1A1 lecture. How ETFs workexplained in Pillar1C lecture

RUSSIA on Afghanistan: 1) while we will provide foreign aid to the country but we will not recognise Taliban
yet. 2) TALIBAN have promised plots of land to relatives of suicide bombers who attacked US and Afghan
soldiers. Such gestures are unlikely to win the international support.
Self-Study: Explained series on NIHANG.
Space film “Challenge” shot on International Space Station (ISS). Starring Cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy, Russian
actress Yulia Peresild and film director Klim Shipenko. अंतरराष्ट्रीय अवकाश कें द्र. पर बनी यह फ़िल्म. रशियन अभिनेत्री ने लिया हिस्सा-
करंट ऑफ़िस वाले इसको इतनी ज़्यादा फ़ु टेज क्यों दे रहे हैं? और बाबू सोने क्यों इस ग़लतफ़हमी में है कि ये ही भारतीय परीक्षाओं के लिए सबसे ज़रूरी समाचार
है? इस तरह के सामूहिक पागलपन से बचिए
Spain → Canary Islands → isle of La Palma volcanic eruption. ये टापू पर काफ़ी समय से ज्वालामुखी फ़ट रहा है

Tax Avoidance: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Two-Pillar Solution to
Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. Pillar1- Applies to about 100 of the
biggest and most profitable MNEs. They need to re-allocates part of their profit to the countries where they
sell their products and provide their services. This will help countering the base erosion and profit shifting.
Pillar2: Any company with over 750 million EURO annual revenue would now be subject to an effective
minimum rate of 15 per cent. 🤩BENEFIT? 1] developing countries will get more tax revenue. 2] tax heavens like
Mauritius will loose their charm for tax avoidance/tax evasion. ( अर्थतंत्र के डिजिटल करण के चलते कर चुनौतियां: OECD संगठन ने
द्वि-स्तंभिय प्रस्ताव दिया: स्तंभ#१: सबसे बड़ी सौ बहुराष्ट्रीय कं पनियों ने अपने मुनाफ़े का कु छ हिस्सा उन देशों को देना होगा जहाँ पर वे अपनी वस्तु और सेवा ही
बेचते हैं। स्तंभ#२: ऐसी कं पनी जिनकी वार्षिक आय ७५० मिलियन यूरो सेज़्यादा है उन्होंने 15% न्यूनतम कर देना होगा। इन सबसे कर परिहार में कटौती होगी
विकासशील देशों को ज़्यादा पैसा मिलेगा और कर स्वर्ग तबाह हो जाएंगे। )
Vaccine compulsion: Australian government said unvaccinated players will NOT get visas to enter for
Australian Open tournament. This affects Tennis star NOVAK DJOKOVIC.
Vadodara Mayor and MP got into a verbal fight / altercation with a police inspector at a public event, after the
inspector asked the mayor to vacate a chair to maintain social distancing for Covid-19. The police inspector
was recently transferred to Vadodara and did not know the faces of Mayor and MP. Complain has reached the
State Home Minister, who has directed that all the police inspectors and get transferred to new area must go
for introductory/courtesy visit to all the important persons in the city to prevent re-occurrence of such
incidents. Social Media activists has now Twitter-tagged the DGP (IPS) that rules apply to everyone and Home
Minister's present order is insinuating that “important persons of the city” may be exempted from social
distancing rules, traffic rules, loudspeaker rules etc! This is violation of article 14. How will you address this?
(एक सार्वजनिक कार्यक्रम में मेयर और सांसद को दूर दूर कु र्सियों में बैठने के लिए पुलिस अफ़सर ने कहा ताकि कोरोना में सोशल डिस्टस का पालन हो सके
हालाँकि, नेताओं का ये कहना है पुलिस अफ़सर ने हमारे साथ बदतमीज़ी की और हमारा सम्मान नहीं किया। शायद पुलिस अफ़सर कि नया नया तबादला हुआ था
इसलिए वो चेहरे से नेताओं को नहीं पहचानता था इसलिए ज़्यादा सख़्ती से पेश आया। शिकायत राज्य के गृह मंत्री तक पहुँची और गृह मंत्री ने आदेश दिया है कि
तबादले के बाद नए स्थान पर पुलिस इंस्पेक्टर ने शहर के सभी नामी क़द्दावर मशहूर महत्वपूर्ण लोगों की शुभेच्छा मुलाक़ात लेनी चाहिए, कि भविष्य में ऐसी
गलतफहमियां न हो। हालाँकि सोशल मीडिया पर लोग एतराज़ जता रहे हैं कि ऐसा करने पर शहर के बड़े लोगों को ट्राफ़िक, लाउडस्पीकर, कोरोना इत्यादि नियमों में
अलग से छू ट दी जाएगी जबकि क़ानून सबके लिए एक समान होना चाहिए! डीजीपी के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे)
WORLD Health Organisation (WHO) wants more data from Bharat Biotech on its Covid-19 vaccine Covaxin,
before grant of Emergency Use Listing (EUL). Benefits of getting EUL? 1) company’s vaccine takers will be valid
for international travel. 2) company’s vaccine can be procured for the COVAX network. ( विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन ने
कोवैक्सीन को भी आपातकालीन इस्तेमाल की अनुमति से पहले ज़्यादा डेटा देने का आदेश दिया .)

zomato food delivery customer asked the customer care executive to refund the money because customer did
not get the food items. Customer care executive refused to help citing language barrier and saying that “Hindi
is our language so you should know little bit of Hindi.” Tamil customer started Twitter trend Zomato HR
Manager fired the employee to calm the twitter mob. Then counter twitter-trend started that “customer care
executive is a young person. His mistake is not so grave that he should be removed from the job! Company
should not become hostage to twitter trends.” As Zomato CEO how will you address this? ( Zomato के तमिल ग्राहक
की कस्टमर के यर प्रतिनिधि ने मदद नहीं की क्योंकि ग्राहक हिन्दी नहीं आती थी। ट्विटर पर हंगामा हुआ तो कं पनी के HR विभाग ने कस्टोमर के यर एक्जिक्यूटिव को
नौकरी से निकाल दिया। तो फिर वापस विवाद हुआ कि वो तो नया लड़का है उसकी गलती इतनी गंभीर नहीं है कि उसे नौकरी से निकाल दिया जाए! और सिर्फ़
ट्विटर पर कोई चीज़ ट्रेंड हो जाएगी तो क्या उसी हिसाब से ग्राहकों का तुष्टिकरण होगा? कं पनी के CEO के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे?)
PANDORA Tax Chori PAPERS – Daily Commentary -NOTIMP. सरकारी सुप्रीम कोर्ट को इसका संज्ञान ले के कोई बोहोत बड़ा निर्णय लेने
दो
ZEE-Investco controversy. Zee founder says that FDI investor Investco trying hostile takeover. Whereas
Investco demanding that boardof director need to be replaced to improve profitability- NOTIMP. Zee कं पनी ठीक
से नहीं चल रही ऐसे आरोप से विदेशी निवेशक उसकी बोर्ड सदस्यों को बदलना चाहता है इस पर डेली कॉमेंट से चलती रहती है.
industrial-use CNG, LPG under NOT GST, so industrialists cannot claim input tax credit on this they are
demanding reform. Win22
Sela tunnel in Arunachal Pradesh passing thru Sela Pass. It’ll cut down the distance to China border through
Tawang by 10 km. It is being constructed at a height of over 13,000 feet. अरुणाचल में सेला टनल सुरंग का निर्माण ताकि चीनी
सरहद पर सेना को जल्दी से भेजा जा सके
Global Hunger Index: India slips to rank 101, behind Pak, Bangladesh. The report, prepared jointly by Irish aid
agency Concern Worldwide and German organisation Welt Hunger Hilfe. GHI score is calculated on four
indicators — undernourishment; child wasting (the share of children under the age of five who are wasted i.e;
who have low weight for their height, reflecting acute undernutrition); child stunting (children under the age
of five who have low height for their age, reflecting chronic undernutrition) and child mortality (the mortality
rate of children under the age of five). विश्व खाद्य सूचकांक में भारत का प्रदर्शन अच्छा नहीं
inflation in edible oils: government has decided to waive customs duty on import of crude sunflower, palm
and soyabean oil, a move aimed at controlling their prices. More in Mrunal’s Win22 Series next year [ खाद्य तेल में
महँगाई के चलते सरकार ने चुनिंदा तेलों के आयात पर सीमा शुल्क को हटा दिया है]

Indian coal plants using imported coal but imported coal become very expensive so they have reduced
electricity production resulting into energy crisis. Ball by Ball commentary NOTIMP. Wait till Mrunal’s Win22
Series. [भारत की तापीय बिजली बनाने वाली कं पनियों को समस्या आ रही है क्योंकि आयातित कोयला विश्व बाज़ार में बहूत महँगा हो गया है.]
RBI Dy Guv: Banks will have to prepare for capital account convertibility. Wait till they notify it/ govt amends
the FRBM Act, Mrunal’s Win22 Series. [ पूंजी खाते पर ₹₹ की पूर्ण परिवर्तनशीलता के लिए बैंकर तैयार रहें ऐसा रिज़र्व बैंक के डिप्टी गवर्नर का
बयान हालाँकि अभी से हमको PHD करने की ज़रूरत नहीं है.]
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋PANDORA PAPERS. DHFL Wadhawans. Let govt /SC take some big action then we study.

PSUs: Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) restructured into 7 defence public sector undertakings (DPSU) Munitions
India Limited (MIL); Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited (AVANI); Advanced Weapons and Equipment India
Limited (AWE India); Troop Comforts Limited (TCL) (Troop Comfort Items); Yantra India Limited (YIL); India
Optel Limited (IOL) and Gliders India Limited (GIL). 🤩Benefits? Defence exports, professionalism, profitability.
Covered in Win21 Series last lecture.

“PM GatiShakti — National Master Plan” digital portal to connect 16 ministries — Roads and Highways,
Railways, Shipping, Petroleum and Gas, Power, Telecom, Shipping, and Aviation etc for coordination, project
approval. 🤩 Benefit? 1) if new railway line is to be constructed environment ministry can give faster clearance
and power ministry can lay down electricity cables for the railway in a faster manner. 2) GatiShakti portal
would help reduce the human intervention required as ministries will be in constant touch, and projects will
be reviewed by the project monitoring group in real time. 🤩NODAL? Department for Promotion of Industry
and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under Commerce Ministry. 🤩Portal developed by? Bhaskaracharya Institute for
Space Applications and Geoinformatics (BISAG-N). [ गति शक्ति वेब पोर्टल जहाँ पर अलग अलग 16 मंत्रालय के बीच समन्वय जैसे कि रेलवे
की पटरी बिछाते वक़्त तुरंत ही पर्यावरण मंत्रालय से अनुमति मिले और ऊर्जा मंत्रालय तुरंत ही बिजली की लाइनें बिछा दें इत्यादि.]

BARTER System in Modern Economy: 1) Air India used to give tickets to painters like M.F.Hussain in exchange
of their paintings. 2) Artist Salvador Dali designed Ashtrays for Air India, in exchange of a baby elephant. After
privatisation Tata group has become the owner of Air India but this type of museum artefacts and paintings
will stay with government. [वस्तु विनिमय प्रणाली]

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Sitharaman, Yellen for ‘supportive policies’, Fuel supply from captive mines, Motor cover: Public
general insurers lose 30% biz since FY18’, Will remain accommodative in monetary policy, says RBI Guv,
Second straight hike takes petrol, diesel, Evergrande’s $1.7 bn Hong Kong HQ sale flops. Everyday ball by ball
commentary is are not important to go through the economy McQ asked in Prelims 2021

SECURITIES and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) has constituted a Justice Vijay C Daga committee on settlement
orders and compounding of offences- every expert committee is not important unless you are preparing for
SEBI officer exam⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋
Fertiliser Subsidy: shortage of diammonium phosphate: government allowed more subsidy on imported DAP
but 😰problems 1) because of the logistical challenges it will take long time for the cargo to arrive and the
sowing season will be over. → Advance planning necessary 2) stocking hoarding cornering by big farmers near
to cities. → small farmers Suffer, surveillance monitoring rationing necessary. वापस उर्वरक की तंगी क़िल्लत. विदेश से मंगवाएंगे
और ज़्यादा सब्सिडी देंगे लेकिन उससे पहले तो फ़सल बोने की ऋतु भी शायद चली जाए। पूर्व आयोजन की कमी। बड़े किसानों / व्यपरीयो द्वारा संग्रह खोरी रोकना
ज़रूरी

2008: Post US-Subprime crisis, 1] Chinese government launched infrastructure projects to revive the Chinese
economy. 2] Chinese government launched a campaign to help the common man invest in share market. 3]
Chinese families purchase more than one house for the purpose of investment. 😰Consequence? 1)
oversupply of houses but, not enough demand and original owners unable to repay the loans. 2) Chinese
government/ Central bank started credit rationing/loan caps i.e. maximum limit on how much home loan can
be taken by one person this is to discourage from buying too many houses. But now - real estate company
struggling to find buyers/finish the project. 3) Chinese real estate company Evergrande agreeing to repay
Dollar 300 million worth of loans/supplier dues. 4) sharemarket also crashing due to problem in real estate
companies. 😰 Points for India to consider: Indian government is also providing housing loan subsidies under
Pradhan Mantri Was Yojana (urban), SWAMIH funds to help the builders (Win21 Series Pillar5 Urban Infra).
but we also need to take precaution about such future problems. ( अमेरिकी आर्थिक मंदी के बाद 2008 में चीनी सरकार ने निर्माण
बुनियादी अवसंरचना के ढेर सारे प्रोजेक्ट शुरू किए थे चीन की जनता को शेयर बाज़ार में निवेश के लिए प्रोत्साहित किया था तथा चीन की जनता भी निवेश के लिए
1 ज़्यादा मकान ख़रीद रही थी। लेकिन मुसीबत यह है कि लोगों ने लोन कर्ज़ा लेकर ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा मकान ख़रीद रखे हैं लेकिन आगे उसे ख़रीदने वाला कोई
अंतिम ग्राहक मिल नहीं रहा। चीनी सरकार/ कें द्रीय बैंकने ऋण पर रेशनिंग यानी एक व्यक्ति मकान ख़रीदने के लिए कितनी लोन ले सकता है उसकी महत्तम सीमा तय
की है जिसके चलते गृह निर्माण बाज़ार में और मंदी और समस्या। एवरग्रांडे जैसी बड़ी रियल एस्टेट कं पनियों को भी कर्ज़ा चुकाने में क़िल्लत आ रही है। भारत सरकार
भी शहरों में प्रधानमंत्री आवास योजना के नाम पर जो सब्सिडी बाँट रही है और अब बिल्डरों को अलग अलग निवेश फं ड बनाकर पैसा दिया जा रहा है तो इन सब
समस्याओं का पूर्वानुमान लगाना ज़रूरी)

Migration: US - native-born American lower-middle class dislike doing outdoor agricultural work. They prefer
to work in.in the supermarket, fast food stores → Mexican workers necessary for American food security. 2)
Goa: native-born Goans are reluctant to do gardening, masonry or waitor-giri. So, migrants required from
Bengal, Chhattisgarh and Odisha. 3) UK: Nativists thought that after Brexit, British people would rush to take
the jobs that migrants once held. But not happened. And despite 1-2-3: Some political leaders fuel anti-
migrant sentiment for vote-bank. Nobel economics 2021: David Card, Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens did
natural experiments & found: 1) minimum wage does not necessarily lead to fewer jobs. 2) immigration
increases the income for the local public as well. 3) one year extra in education can help students education
and career greatly. (अमेरिका गोवा और ब्रिटेन में स्थानीय लोग कु छ प्रकार की मज़दूरी का काम पसंद नहीं करते इसलिए प्रवासी मज़दूरों की ज़रूरत होती है
हालाँकि बाद में उन्हीं के नेता अपने चुनावी फ़ायदे के लिए प्रवासी मज़दूरों के ख़िलाफ़ आंदोलन चलाते हैं। २०२१ अर्थशास्त्र में नोबल पुरस्कार श्रमिक अर्थतंत्र पर
संशोधन के लिए दिया गया यहाँ पर अर्थशास्त्रियों ने पाया कि न्यूनतम वेतन में बढ़ोतरी करने से रोज़गार में कभी नहीं आती। प्रवासी मज़दूरों के चलते स्थानीय लोगों
की आमदनी भी बढ़ती है। और एक साल और ज़्यादा पढ़ाई की जाए तो व्यक्ति की आमदनी और करियर में मदद मिलती है)

Hunger nutrition: World Food Day: 16th Oct1945- United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation founded
on 16th Oct. So, World Food Day is observed. Later this organisation became Food and Agriculture
Organisation’s (FAO’s). 2020: World Food Programme (WFP) given 2020 Nobel Peace Prize for its work to
combat hunger in conflict zones. Theme-2020: “Develop, nourish and sustain together.” Theme-2021: **Safe
food now for a healthy tomorrow*
Data: our planet produces enough food to feed every person. However, each year, 1.3 billion tonnes of food
are wasted (approximately 20 per cent of total food production). [ विश्व क्षुधा/भूख दिवस]
climate change: Queen Elizabeth criticised world leaders because when it comes to climate change, “they talk,
but they don’t do. Many of them have not even given consent to come for the COP-26 summit in Glasgow on
31st Oct”. Her grandson Prince William has expressed displeasure at billionaires like Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos
for putting their efforts into space tourism instead of focusing on the environmental crisis on earth. However,
So, before pointing out the inertia of others, British Royal family should donate a part of their inherited wealth
— the money from taxpayers and colonisation — to help combat climate change! [ ब्रिटेन की महारानी ने आपत्ति जतायी कि
विश्व के अमीर और रसूखदार लोग जलवायु परिवर्तन के बारे में गंभीर नहीं है। उसके पोते राजकु मार विलियम ने भी आरोप लगाए कि ईलोन मस्क जैसे अरबपति
अपनी संपत्ति और संसाधन अवकाश पर्यटन में ख़र्च कर रहे हैं, पर्यावरण के लिए नहीं। ग़ौर करने वाली बात ये है कि अंग्रेज़ शाही परिवार ने ख़ुद जो अरबों रुपये
भारत से लूटे थे उसको पर्यावरण के लिए क्यों नहीं ख़र्च कर रहे?]

Forest Conservation Act,1980: permission required from government before diverting the forest area into
nonforest purpose. 2021: environment ministry trying to amend the act to give exemption for oil-gas
exploration. 2) draft amendment uploaded on website but it is not available in vernacular language and
people/experts are asked to submit their feedback within 15 days. This is a tactic of limiting citizen
participation prevents citizen oversight on these anti-environmental decisions. [ वन परिवर्तन क़ानून जहाँ जंगल विस्तार को
ग़ैर वन विस्तार में परिवर्तित करने से पहले सरकार की अनुमति ज़रूरी. हालाँकि अब मोदी सरकार क़ानून में कु छ ऐसा संशोधन करना चाहती है ताकि कच्चे तेल और
गैस खनन मैं यह सब अनुमतियां आसानी से मिल जाए/ अनिवार्य न हो. इस क़ानून संशोधन पर जनता की राय जानने के लिए वेबसाइट पर दस्तावेज़ अपलोड तो
किया लेकिन वो प्रादेशिक भाषाओं में उपलब्ध नहीं और सिर्फ़ 15 दिन की मियाद ही दी गई है इतने कम समय में सब लोगों के लिए अपनी राय रखना शायद
मुमकिन नहीं यानी क़ानून बनाने की प्रक्रिया में जनभागीदारी के वल एक कागज़ी दिखावा है. ]
Flora-Fauna: AUSTRALIA KOALAS Bears to be GIVEN CHLAMYDIA VACCINE to protect them from Chlamydia, a
sexually transmitted disease which also found in humans. ऑस्ट्रेलिया के कोआला भालुओं को क्लै मिडिया नामक गुप्त रोग से बचाने के
लिए टीकाकरण किया जाएगा

Superman shown as bi-sexual in latest comix. LGBT community welcomes, critiques say this is just publishers
clickbaiting to get more sales and not genuine acceptance of homosexuality. The list of queer heroes in DC
alone includes Wonder Woman, Harley Quinn, Batwoman and Robin. नई कॉमिक में सुपरमैन को समलैंगिक के रुप में दिखाया गया
है। हालाँकि समलैंगिक समुदाय ने इसका स्वागत किया है किं तु कु छ आलोचकों का मानना है कि सिर्फ़ कॉमिक्स की बिक्री बढ़ाने के लिए प्रकाशक ये तमाशे कर रहे।
LAKHIMPUR KHERI DEATHS -ball by ball commentary not imp.
Jammu/Kashmir staff member seeking transfer because they are afraid that terrorists will kill them. union
territory government has ordered them to get back to work. IAS/IPS officer how will you address this demand.
“आतंकवादियों हमको को मार देंगे, इसलिए हमारा दूसरी जगह तबादला कर दो” ऐसी माँग जम्मू कश्मीर के कु छ सरकारी कर्मी कर रहे हैं। IAS/IPS अफ़सर के रूप
में आप इसका क्या समाधान निकालेंगे?
SRT: Rajkot: Witch doctors torture woman to death for being possessed by evil spirit. She was a family but our
from community with low literacy and high poverty. As IAS/IPS what will u do? “ ये एक चुड़ैल है इस पर पिशाची आत्मा का
साया है” ऐसा बोलकर एक खेत मज़दूर महिला की पीट पीटकर हत्या. ये महिला और उसके हत्यारे एक ऐसी जाति से आते हैं जहाँ पर शिक्षा की कमी है और ग़रीबी
बहुत ज़्यादा. अफ़सर के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे

SRT: Surat police detained ABVP leaders from the Navratri venue claiming permission was not taken for the
event and Covid protocols were not followed. ABVP workers start Dharna, blocking roads and shutting down
college classes, alleging that police tortured their leader. As DCP how will you address this? सूरत में ABVP के विद्यार्थी
नेताओं ने बिना पुलिस अनुमति और कोरोना शिष्टाचार का उल्लंघन करते हुए नवरात्री के आयोजन किया पुलिस ने पकड़ लिया, तो विद्यार्थीसमूह धरना प्रदर्शन, कॉलेजों
को बंद करवाना, रास्ता रोको आंदोलन ये सब कर रहा है. पुलिस अफ़सर के रूप में आप इसे कै से संबोधित करेंगे
Civil Service Reforms: 1] 364 government servants for every 1,00,000 residents, with 45 per cent in the
railways alone. About 60 per cent and 30 per cent are in Groups C and D, respectively- not enough officers to
man the civil and police services - Poor delivery of public service and public safety. → judicial overreach,
privatisation (water-garbage, school, hospital) 3] media activism and judicial activism → civil servants afraid of
taking decisions → officers engage in inaction and ensuring audit-proof file work. 3] Need to expand Lateral
entry to up to 15 per cent of Joint/Additional and Secretary-level positions in GOI. 5] need for specialist in bad
bank, IBC, renewable energy, electric vehicles, climate change, global trade negotiations and information
technology 6] Changes in recruitment procedures, like the interview group spending considerable time with
the candidates and not deciding based on a half-hour interview, along with psychometric tests, will improve
the incoming pool of civil servants. 7] After 15 years of service, all officers must undergo a thorough evaluation
to enable them to move further 8] realign incentives institutionally, to move those who are honest yet don’t
perform, send home those who steal/are non-performers and imbue more technology throughout the system.
[सनदी / प्रशासनिक सेवाओं में सुधार- ज़्यादा अफ़सरों की नियुक्ति हो, उन्हें ईमानदार निर्णयों के लिए सुरक्षा दी जाए ताकि वे अदालत और पत्रकारों से डरे नहीं।
पार्श्विय प्रवेश को बढ़ाने भी ज़रूरत। कई क्षेत्र ऐसे हैं जहाँ जनरलिस्ट नहीं पेशेवर की ज़रूरत- जैसे बैंकिं ग व्यवस्थापन नवीनीकरण ऊर्जा कम्प्यूटर टैक्नोलॉजी इत्यादि।
सरकारी परीक्षाओं चयन प्रक्रिया में सुधार हो। 15 साल की नौकरी के बाद अफ़सर की समीक्षा हो कि उसे निकालना चाहिए यह आगे पदोन्नति देना चाहिए।]

Moral Policing/Vigilantism: KARNATAKA CHIEF Minister Basavaraj Bommai has triggered a controversy by
seeming to justify acts of moral policing carried out by vigilante groups. He said, “The responsibility of the
government, apart from maintaining law and order, is to preserve social harmony. Everyone must cooperate.
Some youths need to ensure that the sentiments of their society are not hurt. This is a social issue and we
need morality in society. We cannot live without morality” but the critics argue that in the name of moral
policing the women wearing short clothes and going to beer bars are being harassed । [कर्नाटक मुख्यमंत्री का मानना है कि
समाज में मूल्यों का संरक्षण करना के वल पुलिस और सरकार का काम नहीं। नौजवानों ने भी अगर नैतिक दरोगाबाज़ी कर दी तो कु छ ग़लत नहीं। ताकि आलोचकों का
विरोध की नैतिक दरोंगाबाज़ी के नाम पर छोटे कपड़े पहनने वाली महिलाओं, और शराब के अड्डे पे जाने वाली महिलाओं को परेशान किया जाता है।]
Bow-and-arrow attack that killed 5 in Norway being treated as act of terror. Points to reflect: 1) Firearm
prohibition alone can’t stop terrorism. [ नॉर्वे में तीर कमान से आतंकी हमला यानी कि के वल बंदूकों का प्रतिबंध करने पर आतंकवाद बंद हो
जाएगा ऐसा मानना ग़लत]

(GSM4) pressure of competitive exams: If you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life
believing that it is stupid. political philosopher Nancy Fraser: “parity of participation”: Parity refers to the
condition of being a peer, on a par with others, with an equal footing in a given activity. But due to socio-
economic inequalities School education is not sufficient to clear competitive exams creating a “market for
coaching”, which is not affordable by most. Chinese government trying to ban coaching industry [ अगर मछली पेड़ पर
नहीं चढ़ सके तो उसकी ज़िंदगी असफल है- “किसी चुनाव परीक्षा स्पर्धा में हिस्सा लेने में समानता का सिद्धांत”- यदि प्रतिस्पर्धी एक समान शारीरिक सामाजिक और
आर्थिक स्तर से नहीं आते तो स्पर्धा में समता नहीं है. विभिन्न सरकारी व परीक्षा और कॉलेज प्रवेश परीक्षाओं में कोचिंग बाज़ार के चलते इस सिद्धांत का उल्लंघन]

(GSM4) Attitude towards women in army: 1) Indonesia's decision to stop abusive “virginity tests” on female
army recruits 2) South Korea air Force female soldier committed suicide after sexual assault by colleague & no
help from seniors National outrage/protests 3) India: for long women were denied permanent commission in
army, fighter pilot role, appearing in NDA recruitment exam. [ सेना में महिलाओं के प्रति रवैया-यौन उत्पीड़न और भेदभाव से भरा
हुआ- इंडोनेशिया में महिलाओं सेनाभर्ती से पहेले कोमार्य परीक्षण देना होता था, दक्षिण कोरिया में महिला सैनिक की आत्महत्या के बाद देश व्यापी आंदोलन, भारतीय
सेना ने भी पदोन्नति और प्रवेश में महिलाओं के साथ भेदभाव लंबे समय तक रहा है।]
(GSM4) Attitude towards women in sports / Domestic Violence: Kenya ke Kabir Singhs identify potential
athletes and befriend them as coach/fan/supporter. Once the female athlete starts progressing, the men who
masquerade as coaches and spouses control/loot their finances and property Kenya's Female Athlete Agnes
Jebet Tirop by husband Emmanuel Rotich in such circumstances. Points to consider? Financial freedom /
Professional success will protect the women from domestic violence? Not necessarily until 1) she steps up to
fight against violence. 2) Examplary punishment given to husband/BFs/Kabir Singhs. [ के न्या में कु छ पुरुष महिला-खिलाड़ियों
पर नज़र रखते हैं जो भविष्य में सफल होने का दम रखती है। पुरुष बहला फु सलाकर उनके कोच प्रेमी या पति बन जाते हैं और फिर सारी संपत्ति हड़प कर लेते हैं।
ऐसा एक नवीनतम मामला जहाँ टोक्यो ओलंपिक से हिस्सा लिए घर वापस आयी के न्या महिला खिलाड़ी की हत्या हुई। ग़ौर करने का विषय ये कि महिला को
नोकरी/रोज़गार/सफलता मिल जाए क्तो ये अपने आप गारंटी नहीं है कि उसके साथ घरेलू हिंसा नहीं होगी। ज़रूरी यह है कि उस महिला ने घरेलू हिंसा के ख़िलाफ़
आवाज़ उठानी होगी और ऐसे बदमाशों को जल्द से जल्द सख़्त से सख़्त सजा दी जाए ताकि बाक़ी कबीर सिंघो के हौसले बुलंद ना हो। ]

Secularism: 2018- modi government ended Haj subsidy and decided to use the money for the welfare of
minorities- as per the directive of Supreme Court. 2021: GUJARAT government will give Rs 5,000 as financial
aid to each tribal person who undertook a pilgrimage to Ram Janambhoomi in Ayodhya, because tribals were
“descendants of ‘Shabari Mata’ who had met Lord Ram during his 14 year-long exile”. Gujarat government
also provides religious pilgrimage subsidy for Kailash Mansarovar Yatra, Sindhu Darshan and Shravan Tirth
Yatra. Gujarat is not the only state- Tamil Nadu state government gives Rs.37,000 to Christian pilgrims to visit
Jerusalem. (धर्मनिरपेक्षता: सुप्रीम कोर्ट के आदेश पर सरकार ने मुसलमानों को हज सब्सिडी देना बंद किया था और वो पैसा अल्पसंख्यकों की कल्याणकारी
योजनाओं में इस्तेमाल किया जाएगा। 2021 में गुजरात राज्य सरकार ने आदिवासी व्यक्तियों को अयोध्या यात्रा के लिए पाँच पाँच हज़ार रुपये सब्सिडी देने की घोषणा
की। ऐसी धार्मिक सब्सिडी देने वाला गुजरात अके ला राज्य नहीं है तमिलनाडु राज्य सरकार भी ईसाईयों को जेरूसलेम यात्रा के लिए सब्सिडी देती है।)

SRT/GSM4: Indonesia school was doing clean river campaign. But, 11 STUDENTS drowned. Those children who
drowned were holding each others’ hands. One of them slipped and the others followed. The weather was
good and there was no flash flood.” But now the parents are outraged and want to stop the participation of
schoolchildren in any activities related to cleanliness, traffic awareness. Further more parents want that
school authorities should focus more on Indonesian NEET/IIT coaching preparation rather than utilising school
children for political projects. As the district education officer how will address this? ( इंडोनेशिया में स्कू ल द्वारा नदी सफ़ाई
अभियान चल रहा था जिसमें 11 बच्चे डू ब कर मर गए। परिजन आक्रोश में की बच्चों से पढ़ाई करवाइए सरकारी योजनाओं का काम नहीं इसलिए अब से ट्राफिक
अभियान वृक्षारोपण साफ़ सफ़ाई कोई भी चीज़ में बच्चों को शामिल न किया जाए। शिक्षा अधिकारी के रूप में आप इस समस्या को कै से संबोधित करेंगे)

(GSM4) religion and ethics: Baptism is the process of entering a child/person in Christian religion. Godfather is
the person/relative/family friend who stands during this ceremony and is responsible for the religious
teaching of the Christian child. 🤩Benefits: 1) stronger family ties social security during financial stress, death of
parents. 😰Challenges? 1) misused for a networking opportunity for families looking to improve their fortunes
2) Greed to get gold necklaces as gift 3) Mafias networking in family. So, Roman Catholic Church authorities
banned Godfather system in Italy. Because it has lost all spiritual significance. Points to reflect? Every religion
polluted with sinful practices for materialistic gains.
Freedom Struggle: Manipuri Freedom Fighters Yuvraj Tikendrajit and General Thangal were publicly hanged in
Fida, Imphal by the British. 2) Maharaja Kulchandra Dhwaja Singh and 22 freedom fighters were sent to Kala
Pani and they were kept here on Mount Harriet. 3) modi government and rename Mount Harriet as Mount
Manipur. It is the third highest peak in Andaman Nicobar. It also has national park with Andaman wild pigs (an
endangered species), saltwater crocodiles, turtles and robber crabs. 2018: Ross Island, Neil Island and
Havelock Island were renamed as Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Island, Shaheed Dweep and Swaraj Dweep
respectively.(भारत की आज़ादी आंदोलन में मणिपुर के स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों का योगदान उसकी सराहना के लिए अंडमान निकोबार के हैरियट पर्वत का नाम
मणिपुर पर्वत किया जाएगा। इसके पहले भी अंडमान निकोबार के कु छ टापुओं का नाम बदला गया था)

China-Taiwan explained series. Main focus should be on how it affects India । चीनी सेना कु छ प्रशिक्षण अभ्यास कर रही है जिसे
ताइवान को एतराज़ है अब इस पर जो लंबी चौड़ी एक्सप्लेन सीरीज़ चल रही है उसमें सिर्फ़ इतना आपको जानना है कि भारत को क्या असर हो रहा है

India accepts Russia’s invite for talks with the Taliban next week. ✋Let them talk first then let IE come with
Explained series. भारत तालिबान के साथ अगले हफ़्ते बात करेगा तो उसको पहली बात ख़त्म करने दो अभी से इसकी PHD करने मत बैठ जाओ.
(GSM3: Security Challenges) Adani Ports SEZ announced it’ll not accept cargo from Iran, Afghanistan and
Pakistan after 3000 kg heroin was captured. Iran has criticised this. गुजरात के अदानी पोर्ट पर ईरान अफ़ग़ानिस्तान और पाकिस्तान
से आने वाला सामान स्वीकार नहीं किया जाएगा क्योंकि ईरान से talc powder के नाम पे 3 हज़ार किलो हेरोइन भेजा गया था
Bhutan, China sign pact on border talks, India takes note । हालाँकि यह सिर्फ़ एक लाइन का मुद्दा है कि अगर भूटान और चीन के बीच
सीमा विवाद सुलझ गया तो भूटान चीन की गोद में बैठ जाएगा तो भारत को अच्छा नहीं लगेगा। हालाँकि चीन कभी कोई सीमा विवाद ख़त्म होने नहीं देगा इसकी
भूटान चीन की गोद में नहीं बैठेगा
UNHRC: 1) Trump exited citing Anti-Israel bias but Biden-US re-joins. 2) India gets re-elected to UNHRC for
2022-24 term संयुक्त राष्ट्र मानवाधिकार परिषद में अमरीका की पुनः वापसी, पर भारत की पुनः नियुक्ति

Border security (GSM3) and federalism (GSM2): BSF powers and jurisdiction: 1) ⏫ from 15km to 50 km in
punjab, West Bengal, Assam. 2) Its jurisdiction has been ⏬ from 80kms to 50kms in Gujarat. 3] The BSF’s
powers — which include arrest, search and seizure — extended only in respect of the powers it enjoys under
Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC), Passport (Entry into India) Act, 1920 and the Passport Act, 1967. 4] This
powers not increase for NDPS Act, Arms Act, Customs Act and certain other laws. These will continue to be
only up to 15 km inside the border. 5] this will help arresting the cattle smugglers and illegal migrants in
W.Bengal/Assam, and Narco smugglers in Punjab. [ सीमा सुरक्षा बल के अधिकार क्षेत्र पंजाब पश्चिम बंगाल और असम में 15 किलोमीटर से
बढ़ाकर 50 किलोमीटर किया गया है, ताकि वो अवैध घुसपैठ को ज़्यादा प्रभावी रूप से रोक सकें । हालाँकि नशीले द्रव्य ग़ैरक़ानूनी हथियार और तस्करी के कानूनों ने
सीमा क्षेत्र को बढ़ाया नहीं गया वो पहले जितना ही यानी कि 15 किलोमीटर रहेगा]

Indo-Bangladesh: 10% BANGLADESHI are Hindus. TEMPLE ATTACKED during Durga Puja. Extremist elements
trying to create tension between Hindu and Muslims . Indian government called Hasina and Hasina advised
India should prevent any reaction, otherwise there will be counter-reaction in Bangladesh! बांग्लादेश में हिंदू मंदिरों पर
तोड़फोड़ और हिंसा. भारत सरकार ने जतायी चिंता तो शेख़ हसीना ने कहा भारत में इसकी प्रतिक्रिया को रोका जाए, वरना उसके प्रत्यघाट बांग्लादेश में और भी हो
सकते हैं।
Secularism in Afghanistan: Islamic State group (IS) and Taliban is made up of Sunni Muslims, views Shia
Muslims as apostates deserving of death. 2021-Oct: SUICIDE BOMBERS attacked a Shia mosque in
Afghanistan, killing at least 47. [ अफ़ग़ानिस्तान में शिया सुन्नी तनाव. आत्मघाती विस्फोटकर्ता द्वारा शिया मस्जिद में हमला. यानी धर्मनिरपेक्षता /
कट्टरवाद के वल हिन्दू-मुस्लिम या मुस्लिम-ईसाई तक सीमित नहीं है एक ही धर्म के विभिन्न संप्रदायों के बीच भी ये मौजूद है]
UK Terrorism: member of Parliament David Amess knife stabbed to death, allegedly by Islamic extremist.
आतंकवादियों ने चाक़ू गोदकर ब्रिटिश सांसद की हत्या की।
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN, HQ: Jakarta, Indonesia) regional summit- Myanmar military
leader not invited. ASEAN to invite a non-political person from Myanmar. ASEAN traditionally favoured a
policy of engagement and non-interference. But allegedly due to American and european pressure they have
decided to boycott Myanmar military rulers. ( आसियान समूह की क्षेत्रीय परिषद ने म्यान्मार के सैन्य नेता को निमंत्रण नहीं उसकी जगह किसी
ग़ैर राजनीतिक व्यक्ति को म्यांमार के प्रतिनिधि के रूप में बुलाया जाएगा वैसे तो आसियान समूह इस प्रकार की दख़ल से बचता है लेकिन शायद अमेरिकी और
यूरोपीय दबाव में ये किया जा रहा है)
Space Tourism: Star Trek movie Canadian hero William Shatner (Screenname: Captain James Tiberius Kirk) left
the planet, flew for 11 minutes on New Shepard, the rocket run by Jeff Bezos’s Blue Origin. फ़िल्म हीरो गया अवकाश
यात्रा पर
Navrang Saini replaces MS Sahoo as new Chairman of Insolvency Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) after a five-
year tenure of Sahoo ended. [ दिवालियापन और शोधन अक्षमता संहिता के नए अध्यक्ष की नियुक्ति]
South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) India beat Nepal to win 8th SAFF title, Chhetri equals Messi with 80
goals.

Modhera Sun Temple, (Mehsana district, Gujarat) Built in 1026-27 CE by Bhimadev Solanki I of the Chaulukya
dynasty, the Modhera sun temple was constructed to commemorate the efforts of the 20,000 Chaulukya
soldiers against Mahmud of Ghazni’s invasion of 1024-25 CE. Structure is made using sandstone and has
intricate carvings, both inside and outside. The temple represents the golden age of the Chaulukyan rule from
942 to 1244 CE. PM Modi had set a solar power plant.
Abortion allowed till 24 weeks in special cases. GOVERNMENT has notified new rules under which the
gestational limit for termination of a pregnancy has been increased from 20 to 24 weeks for certain categories
of women. The new rules come under the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act, 2021. सात क़िस्म
के अलग अलग चुनिंदा मामलों में 24 हफ़्ते तक के गर्भपात को मंज़ूरी

Farmer protest ugly turns: 1] Incident at Lakhimpur Kheri violence 2] SC Labourer lynched at Singhu border for
allegedly desecrating sacred religious books. Points to reflect? 1] Any protest that continues for a long period
of time, can turn violent if the protest leaders are not serious- CAA Delhi. 2] when union and state
government do not take strict actions due to political calculations, it has serious negative consequences on the
law and order management. किसान आंदोलन स्थल पर दलित मज़दूर द्वारा धार्मिक ग्रंथों की बेअदबी हुई- ऐसा इल्ज़ाम लगाकर भिड़ द्वारा वध। सोचने
के विषय कोई भी आंदोलन लंबे समय तक चलेगा और उसके नेता की भीड़ पर क़ाबू नहीं रखेंगे तो हिंसा होगी ही। २) राजनीतिक कारणों से जब कें द्र और राज्य
सरकारें सख़्ती से आंदोलनकारियों पर क़दम नहीं उठाती तो उनके हौसले और बुलंद हो जाते - ऐसे क़ानून व्यवस्था में और ज़्यादा दिक़्क़त।

Secularism: Karnataka Vidhan Sabha committee on backward classes and minorities to order a survey on
Christian missionary work in the state to identify “unauthorised” people involved in the work. Later on this
maybe used as a case for introducing anti-conversion Bill. Points to reflect 1] Love-Jihad Bills, 2] anti-
conversion bills 3] Disturbed area act. 4] Cow Slaughter Bill. कर्नाटक विधानसभा की समिति द्वारा “अनधिकृ त व्यक्तियों द्वारा लोगों का
ईसाई धर्म परिवर्तन” के बारे में सर्वेक्षण होगा भविष्य में शायद इसे मुद्दा बनाकर धर्मांतरण विरोधी क़ानून बनाया जाए।

Federalism / Social Justice: TN state government appointed Justice A K Rajan committee on NEET Findings:
NEET tends to give an advantage to students from privileged backgrounds. It also observed that NEET, in
terms of orientation, is biased towards the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)/English
Medium/Non-Poors who can afford long duration coaching. Tamil Nadu government has passed an Act
seeking an exemption from treating NEET as the sole requirement for medical admission in the state. But this
Act, is yet to get approval from the President. [ सहकारी संघवाद/ सामाजिक न्याय: तमिलनाडु सरकार एक समिति ने पाया कि नीट परीक्षा मैं
अंग्रेज़ी माध्यम और अमीरों को फ़ायदा होता है क्योंकि वो लंबी अवधि का कोचिंग क्लास ज्वाइन कर सकते हैं. तमिलनाडु राज्य सरकार ऐसा क़ानून बना रही है कि
मेडिकल कॉलेजों में प्रवेश के लिए नीट परीक्षा अनिवार्य न हो, हालाँकि ऐसा क़ानून पास करने के लिए राष्ट्रपति की अनुमति ज़रूरी]
Women Rights: USA's Texas state has passed a law prohibiting abortion beyond 6 weeks. Union government
requested Supreme Court to stop this law. [ अमेरिका के टेक्सस राज्य में छह हफ़्ते के गर्भाधान के बाद गर्भपात ग़ैर क़ानूनी। कें द्र सरकार ने
सर्वोच्च न्यायालय को अपील की इस क़ानून को रोका जाए]

Article 311(2) (C) of the Constitution that gives the administration the power to terminate the services of a
government employee without constituting an inquiry against them, he is a threat to national or state
security. 2021: grandson of separatist ideologue Syed Ali Shah Geelani terminated from Jammu Kashmir
government job. (राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के लिए किसी सरकारी कर्मचारी को नौकरी से बेदख़ल किया जा सकता है बिना कोई जाँच या तफ़्तीश किए। सईद गीलानी के
पोते के साथ भी यही हुआ)

UN human rights related to prisoners (1990): Article 5: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel,
inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Article 9: No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest,
detention or exile. Article 10: Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an
independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal
charge against him. Article 11: Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent
until proved guilty according to law in a public trial । (संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा कै दियों की मानवाधिकार - जेल में पीड़ा यातना नहीं देनी चाहिए, और
निष्पक्ष जाँच होनी चाहिए, जब तक आरोप साबित न हो उसे निर्दोष माना जाए।)

NHRC is a statutory body that was constituted on 12 October, 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act
for the promotion and protection of human rights. 2021: 28th Birthday. Modi Speech: 1) It is dangerous for
democracy when human rights are ‘selectively targeted’. Human rights mattered only to people who already
had the basics of life. 2) Government scheme related to LPG cylinder, housing, toilets, Triple Talaq ban - all are
helping human rights. 3) Essay Topic: Poverty is the worst violation of human right. ( ग़रीबी ही सबसे बड़ा मानवाधिकार हनन
है और सरकार कि गरीबों की कल्याणकारी योजनाएं मानवाधिकारों को मदद करती है)
Earlier US government organisation said Aspiring can be taken to prevent heart attack but now they are saying
it is not helpful। एस्पिरिन दवाई लेने से हृदय रोग मैं फ़ायदा नहीं होता
- NASA spacecraft Lucy to study Jupiter’s Trojan asteroids. ( नासा का नया अंतरिक्ष यान गुरु ग्रह के क्षुद्रग्रहो छानबीन के लिए)
vaccine compulsion: Some American police officers refusing to get vaccinated and going on hartal/strike.
Chicago’s mayor filed a complaint in court against such police unions. ( अमेरिका में कु छ पुलिस अफ़सर ही कोरोना टीकाकरण नहीं
करवा रहे और हड़ताल पर जा रहे हैं)
NOT DONE/Backlog😰
NO plans of updating this, due to workload
Also no plans of updating October Week1 due to workload
DATE Subject Subtopic (if any)

2021-08-Week2 Economy 💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-08-Week2 Economy 💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-08-Week2 Economy 💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-08-Week2 Economy 💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-08-Week2 Economy 💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-08-Week2 Environment 🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-08-Week2 Environment 🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week2 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week2 History/Culture🗿 Death

2021-08-Week2 IR/Defense 🔫 Defence

2021-08-Week2 IR/Defense 🔫 Diaspora


2021-08-Week2 PIN-GK 🏋 Death

2021-08-Week2 PIN-GK 🏋 Sports🏏

2021-08-Week2 Polity ⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-08-Week2 Polity ⚖️ Election

2021-08-Week2 Polity ⚖️ Federalism

2021-08-Week2 Polity ⚖️ Legislature

2021-08-Week2 Polity ⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-08-Week2 Science 🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-08-Week2 Science 🧪 Pollution🛺

2021-08-Week2 Science 🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-08-Week2 Science 🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-08-Week2 Science 🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-08-Week1 ECONOMY💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-08-Week1 ECONOMY💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-08-Week1 ECONOMY💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-


2021-08-Week1 ECONOMY💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-08-Week1 ECONOMY💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-08-Week1 ECONOMY💳 4b-mfg👷‍


2021-08-Week1 ECONOMY💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️
2021-08-Week1 ETHICS(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-08-Week1 IR/DEFENSE🔫 Defence

2021-08-Week1 IR/DEFENSE🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilater

2021-08-Week1 IR/DEFENSE🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-08-Week1 IR/DEFENSE🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-08-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-08-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-08-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-08-Week1 POLITY⚖️ Laws


2021-08-Week1 SCIENCE🧪 5-Infra-Communication
News Item (Page Numbers correspond to Ahmedabad Edition)
crypto currency: Footballer LIONEL MESSI’s fee at Paris St Germain club includes some NFT (non-fungible token) of the clubs
decisions such as deciding the colour combination of team uniform etc. Football fans can also purchase such NFT (using fiat m
Lionel Messi to improve the appeal of this crypto currency among football fans. NFT covered in Win21 Series of Mrunal. [ फ़ु टबॉलर
फ़ं जीबल टोकन के स्वरूप में दिया जाएगा]
GM-food: Union Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) and the Food Safety and Standard Authority o
genetically modified (GM) soyameal due to the demand from the country’s poultry industry. This is the 1st time government clea
के लिए gm-सोयाबीन के आयात को पर्यावरण मंत्रालय ने मंज़ूरी दी है
DEPARTMENT for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) has setup committee for its Open Network for Digital Comm
monopolies”. This is covered in Mrunal’s Free Lecture Pillar4B in Win21 series https://mrunal.org/download ये हम लोग वीडियो लेक्चर में प
LPG Subsidy: Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) 2.0 launched in Uttar Pradesh. Migrant workers to get a free gas connec
required to submit additional documents as proof of address. प्रधानमंत्री उज्जवला योजना का दूसरा चरण जिसमें प्रवासी मज़दूरों को मुफ़्त में सिलेंडर कनेक्शन दिया जाएगा
सिर्फ़ स्वयं को स्व प्रमाणित करना होगा कि मैं 1 प्रवासी मज़दूर हूँ।

The Inland Vessels Bill, 2021: To replace the Inland Vessels Act, 1917. 1) bring all inland vessels & waterways in India under a
help emergency distress signal and yet nearby vessels do not respond then they will be punished. 3) maximum weight capacity
educational qualification of the shipping crew etc. All this will be decided by union government 😰 controversy? Opposition parti
of the states and vests them with the Centre. आंतरिक जलमार्ग जहाज़ के बारे में नया विधेयक- यदि पानी में फँ सी तनावग्रस्त जहाज़ मदद के लिए संदेश भेजें तो आस पास में जा र
आंतरिक जलमार्ग जहाज़ कितना प्रदूषण फै ला सकते हैं? कितने आदमियों का वज़न ढो सकते हैं? जहाज़ कर्मियों की न्यूनतम शैक्षणिक योग्यता क्या होनी चाहिए? इत्यादि चीज़ें कें द्र सरकार तय करेगी हालाँकि
सत्ता हमारे पास होनी चाहिए

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report - made up of the reports of three working groups:
Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability in February 2022 3) Mitigation of climate change in March 2022- and finally a Synthesis R
Plastic Ban: Polythene bags with thickness less than 50 microns are already banned in the country. From 2021-Sept: polythene
December: polythene bags under 120 microns will be banned. From 2022-Jul: Single use plastic to be banned Examples: cutle
(thermocol) for decoration, plastic plates, cups, glasses, cutlery such as forks, spoons and knives, straw, trays, wrapping films a
packets, plastic or PVC banners less than 100-microns and stirrers. [विभिन्न प्रकार के प्लास्टिक पदार्थों पर चरणबद्ध रूप से आने वाली कु छ समय में प्रतिबंध लगने वा

Attitude towards female virginity: Indonesian Army has decided to stop the practice of “virginity tests” on female army recruits -
female candidates to check whether the hymen was intact. World Health Organisation declared such virginity test had no scien
to such practices because 1) sexual relationship in private life has no bearing with professional job 2) if a female was sexually a
job 3) Male recruits are not subjected to such tests 4) such attitude towards women emboldens the rapists/philanders as ‘loss o
be ‘ashamed of’, then the victim feels ashamed of complaining about it. [ इंडोनेशिया सेना में महिला उम्मीदवारों को नौकरी पर रखने से पहले उनकी योनि में उँगली
बताया कि ऐसे परीक्षाओं का कोई वैज्ञानिक आधार नहीं है। इंडोनेशिया सेना ने इसको बंद किया है। महिला अधिकार समूह काफ़ी समय से ऐसे कौमार्य परीक्षण का विरोध करते थे क्योंकि निजी जीवन के यौन रि
बचपन में यौन शोषण हुआ था तो भी उसे नौकरी पर नहीं रखा जाएगा ३) पुरुष उम्मीदवारों के कौमार्य परीक्षण नहि कीए जाते 4) एक महिला के लिए उसकी कौमार्य का हनन उसके लिए शर्मिंदगी की बात होनी
है, क्योंकि फिर वो महिला बदनामी के डर से शिकायत नहीं करती है]

Attitude towards rape victims: The Twitter account of Congress leader Rahul Gandhi was ‘temporarily’ locked on after a photog
old Dalit rape victim. Because National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) issued a notice to Twitter India to re
rape victim. Indian laws provide for keeping the identity of the rape victims confidential. But in modern day politics and modern
something in a photograph for the purpose of social media. Then it becomes difficult to keep the rape victim’s identity hidden. रा
थे। राष्ट्रीय बाल अधिकार सुरक्षा आयोग ने ट्विटर को आदेश दिया कि फ़ोटो हटायी जाए क्योंकि उससे पीड़ित की पहेचान ज्ञात होती है, जो कि क़ानून के ख़िलाफ़ है। आज कल नेताओं / अफ़सरों द्वारा हर एक
है।
Award winning is not a certificate for honesty/ethics 1) Olympic medallist wrestler Sushil Kumar arrested in murder. 2) Gujarat S
for handloom - arrested for taking bribes from a company 3) Uttar Pradesh police inspector Bijendra Pal Rana won Police Meda
named in a bribery case. [किसी व्यक्ति को कोई मेडल / पदक मिल जाए वो उसके चरित्र का प्रमाण पत्र नहीं है]
Civil service neutrality: W.Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee alleged the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC),was a
(Central Armed Police Forces) examination. Her remarks came after the CAPF-2021 paper listed Essay Topics like 1) Farmers
West Bengal. [UPSC द्वारा के न्द्रीय सशस्त्र पुलिस बल के अफ़सरों की परीक्षा में कु छ विवादास्पद निबंध पूछे गए जैसे की- किसान आंदोलन राजनीति से प्रेरित है तथा पश्चिम बंगाल में चुनाव के दौ
भाजपा द्वारा बनाए गए प्रश्नों को पूछ रहा है यानी कि संवैधानिक संस्था स्वतंत्र रूप से काम नहीं कर रही है]

compassion for the weaker section & animals: Aspak Hanifbhai Panja was detained under Gujarat Prevention of Anti-Social Ac
collector (IAS) Gir Somnath based on FIRs against Panja which claim that Panja had kept cows tied up making it difficult for the
“The government’s measure to ensure no trouble in Cow is appreciated but the care taken for animals, is the same care taken f
collector’s jurisdiction. Whether the collector is as proactive in extending care to women and children under its jurisdiction as he
सोमनाथ ज़िले के एक व्यक्ति पर पुलिस शिकायत दर्ज हुई थी कि उसने गाय को इस तरह से बाँध रखा था कि वो पानी नहीं पी सकती थी। पशु क्रू रता कि इस मामले को देखते हुए जिला कलेक्टर ने उस व्यक्ति
पर प्रश्न किया है कि “जिला कलेक्टर गायों के अधिकार के बारे में जितनी चिंता कर रहे हैं अपने ज़िले के महिला और बालकों के बारे में भी उतनी ही स्फू र्ति से काम करते हैं कि नहीं?”]
Corruption in statutory corporations: Parliamentary Standing Committee observed that a large number of corruption cases have
Corporation of India (FCI). This corruption in FCI may “spiral out of control” if strict action is not taken. committee suggested 1)
avoid creation of vested interests. 2) Faster disposal of pending cases as delay in disposal of corrption cases to discourage cor
कर्मचारियों के ख़िलाफ़ काफ़ी सारे भ्रष्टाचार के मुक़दमे दायर है। जल्द से जल्द उनका निपटान करना ज़रूरी और नियमित समय पर कर्मचारियों का एक जगह से दूसरी जगह तबादला होते रहना चाहिए ताकि वे

Leadership /centralisation / delegation / communication: Previous Education Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal had habit of making all
from his Twitter account- even the smallest of decisions, such as examination dates, exam result etc, were announced by him o
and subscribers, project a “Education-ka-Sonu Sood” type hero image). But the new education minister Dharmendra Pradhan h
free to announce exam notification result etc from their twitter accounts. New Minister only tweeted a congratulatory message f
the delegation of authority to the subordinates so that they feel more involved/motivated to do their own work. नेतृत्व/ सत्ता अति कें द्रीकरण
परीक्षाओं की हर छोटी चीज़ अपने ट्विटर अकाउंट से ख़ुद जारी करते थे (शायद ट्विटर पर जयादा लाइक्स बटोरने के लिए)। हालाँकि नई शिक्षा मंत्री ने इन तीनों संस्थाओं को छू ट दी है कि आप अपनी ख़ुद की
महेकमे के कर्मचारियों का मनोबल बढ़ता है।
Leadership: Independence day and ministerial absenteeism: usually ministers of Haryana do the flag hoisting in various district
protests ministers ordered Deputy Commissioners will unfurl the Tricolour in Kaithal, Rohtak, Sirsa, Kurukshetra, Jind, Jhajjar a
absenteeism in such national events increase the morale of the pressure groups and lobbyists ke dekho how we manage to ev
से स्वतंत्रता दिवस का ध्वजवंदन राज्य सरकार के मंत्रियों द्वारा होता था लेकिन किसान बहूत बड़ी मात्रा में आंदोलन करेंगे इस डर से भीड़ से बचने के लिए मंत्रियों ने ध्वजवंदन नहीं किया और ये काम डिप्टी क
की देखो मंत्री तो डर गए अब हम डबल ज़ोर से प्रदर्शन करेंगे]

sexual harassment in Chinese companies: Chinese Companies have “ice-breaking ceremony” for the fresh recruits. During suc
personal questions by senior (male) workers about their first loves, their first kiss and their first sexual encounters. Male-domina
victims and normalised sexual violence. Women who dare to speak out about sexual harassment and violence are called troub
companies even invite Japanese porn stars to their annual event. Recently Alibaba e-commerce company also in controversy f
Chinese families preference for male child / female infanticide gets more augmented when daughters don’t get treated with resp
boast about removing the poverty and improving the GDP at a very rapid rate but has failed to address the safety of women at
within economically developed states like Punjab-Haryana the level of gender violence is more compare to economically backw
is not an automatic antidote to women development. [चीन की कं पनियों में नवनियुक्त महिला कर्मियों को अभद्र क़िस्म के प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं, यौन उत्पीड़न किया जाता, यदि वे
जलसे में अश्लील फ़िल्म अभिनेत्रियों को बुलाया जाए इत्यादि ज़हरीला वातावरण। जेक मा कि अलीबाबा कं पनी में एक महिला कर्मी द्वारा लगाए बलात्कार के आरोप के बाद ये सब चीज़ें चर्चा में. चीनी परिवारों में
लगेगी बेटी समाज में सुरक्षित नहीं रहेगी. हालाँकि चीन सरकार यह गुमान कर सकती है कि उन्होंने ग़रीबी को हटाया और आर्थिक वृद्धि दर में काफ़ी बढ़ोतरी की है किं तु महिला कर्मियों की सुरक्षा के बारे में उनकी
विकसित राज्यों में लैंगिक हिंसा ज़्यादा है जबकि आर्थिक रूप से पिछड़े राज्यों में लैंगिक हिस्सा कम है. यानी कि आर्थिक वृद्धि महिला विकास अपने आप नहीं ला पाती.]

Sport Administration: 1) Female Wrestler VINESH PHOGAT couldn’t bring her physiotherapist at Tokyo Olympics and she was
category, who didn’t know much about the dieting practices of wrestlers. Later she was accused of not practising with other Ind
accused of not being friendly to other Indian wrestlers. Wrestling Federation then threatened to ban her, but the later on less str
malfunctioned she did not get proper repair/help in time and as a result could not win the Tokyo Olympics. Ball by ball commen
these controversies highlight lack of preparedness / internal communication coordination vision camaraderie among the Sports
money for training / showering the winners with crores of rupees- alone is not sufficient. The grievances need to be redressed i
और निशानेबाज़ मनु भाकर के साथ जुड़ी कु छ विवादास्पद घटनाओं से प्रतीत होता है कि खेल कू द प्रशासन में के वल खिलाड़ियों की तालीम के लिए पैसा फें कने से या फिर मेडल जीतने के बाद उनको करोड़ों
खिलाड़ियों के बीच तालमेल सौहार्द त्वरित शिकायत निवारण इत्यादि चीज़ों पर भी ग़ौर करना चाहिए]
Freedom Struggle: Sir Chettur Sankaran Nair (1957-1934), a Madras High Court lawyer and judge best known for a courtroom
defendant — against Michael O’Dwyer, Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab at the time of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. FILMMAK
produce a biopic on him.
Modi and maritime security: 1) In 2015, Modi had put forward the vision of SAGAR — an acronym for “Security and Growth for
level open debate on the topic “Enhancing Maritime Security — A Case for International Cooperation” on via video conferencing
Security Council (UNSC) member states. Modi would be the first Indian Prime Minister to preside over a UN Security Council O
हालाँकि नया जानने के लिए कु छ बोहोत नहीं था तो भले ही इसमें काफ़ी सारी कॉलम लिखे गए लेकिन मैं इधर कु छ लिख नहीं रहा।
Role of Diaspora in nation building: Gujarat government’s Maadar-e-Vatan scheme launched in the 2020 to encourage non-res
for village-level project at cost sharing of 60% (NRI) + 40% (State Govt). ग़ैर निवासी भारतीय किसी गाँव को गोद लेकर उसमें विविध विकास के कार्यों के लिए चंदा
Death: Delia ‘Didi’ Contractor — self-taught architect, Himachal Pradesh
Football: Lionel Messi leaves Barcelona Club after scoring 672 goals. He claimed he wanted to stay at the club and had even a
contract. But as it turned out, Barcelona couldn’t even afford a cut-price Messi. Now Messi joined Paris Saint Germain (PSG)- w
Kylian Mbappe. मशहूर फ़ु टबॉलर लियोनल मैसी जोकि बार्सिलोना क्लब में था किन्तु क्लब वाले पर्याप्त तनखाह नहीं दे पा रहे थे इसलिए अब वो पेरिस म क्लब में खेलेगा
Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Amendment) Bill 2021: It seeks amending nomenclature/names of certain tri
Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950. अरुणाचल प्रदेश के कु छ आदिवासी समुदायों के नाम की सूची में कु छ सुधार के लिए नया संवैधानिक संशोधन विधेय
criminalisation of politics: supreme Court bench found nine political parties – Congress, BJP, JD(U), RJD, LJP, CPI(
not following in letter and spirit its 2020 direction to publish details of criminal cases against candidates fielded in Lo
Karnataka government decided to drop charges in 61 criminal cases against its ministers. although four months late
government from acting on that order. हालाँकि सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने विभिन्न राजनीतिक पक्षों को आदेश दिया था कि उन्होंने लोकसभा और विधानसभा चुनावों में हिस्सा ले
जानकारी सार्वजनिक करनी होगी। किं तु कु छ पक्षों ने अभी तक ये नहीं किया सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने पाया कि वे कोर्ट की अवमानना कर रहे हैं। इसके अलावा कर्नाटक राज्य सरकार ने भी अपने कई मं
इस विवादास्पद फ़ै सले को कर्नाटक हाईकोर्ट ने रद्द करवाया था

CONSTITUTION (127th Amendment) Bill, 2021: restores the states’ powers to make their own OBC lists by identifyi
backward classes (SEBCs) for the grant of quota in jobs and admissions. These powers had come into some proble
पहले सुप्रीम कोर्ट के एक फ़ै सले के बाद राज्य सरकारों की OBC सूची बनाने की सत्ता पर कु छ समस्याएं आयी थी उन्हें ठीक करने के लिए १२७वाँ संवैधानिक संशोधन विधेयक।
Parliament’s Monsoon Session ended two days ahead of schedule. The houses were continuously disrupted by the
Pegasus snooping scandal, the farmers’ protests, fuel prices. संसद के वर्षा सत्र में काफ़ी हंगामा हुआ था।

privacy versus child porn: APPLE is rolling out a mechanism “neuralMatch” that scans photographs on its iPhone/tab
classified as Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM). neuralMatch will compare the pictures with a database of child a
staff will manually review the images. While the move is being welcomed by child protection agencies, advocates of
red-flags suggesting the technology could have violate user privacy. Apple कं पनी ने न्यूरल मैच नामक नया सॉफ़्टवेयर बनाया है जो कि उपभो
पॉर्नोग्राफी तो नहीं है। यदि होगी तो Apple के कर्मचारियों को सूचित किया जाएगा जो आगे की कार्रवाई करेंगे। हालाँकि बच्चों के यौन शोषण को रोकने के लिए एक प्रशंसनीय क़दम है किं तु कु
क्योंकि बिना उसकी अनुमति के उनके फ़ोन में किस क़िस्म के फोटोग्राफ्स है उसकी जाँच होगी।

Vaccine Nationalism / FakeNews: Russian Cyber groups targeted audiences in India, Latin America and US to sprea
developed by British AstraZeneca and American Pfizer on Facebook. [रशियन हैकर्स द्वारा अमेरिकी और ब्रिटिश कोरोना वेकसिन असुरक्षित है इस
‘reversible rusting’ — new type of battery by american startup that uses oxygen from the air and converts iron metal
size and weight very large. So, its application impractical in E-vehicles. लोह धातु को ज़ंग लगता है उस रासायनिक प्रक्रिया की मदद से बिजली ब
आकार और वज़न ने ये बैटरी ज़्यादा बड़ी हैं इसलिए, वास्तविक रूप से विद्युत वाहनों में इसका इस्तेमाल व्यावहारिक नहीं है।
2023- NASA and ISRO planning a joint mission “NISAR” to send earth-observation satellite with two synthetic apertu
12-day cycle. The satellite is supposed to use GSLV rocket. [2023 में नासा और इसरो मिलकर निसार उपग्रह छोड़ेंगे जिससे पृथ्वी का सर्वेक्षण किया
Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) instrument aboard Chandrayan-2 detected the presence of hydroxyl a
पर पानी के अवशेष पाए
ISRO’s EOS-03 — a new generation of earth observation satellites. It is capable of imaging the entire country four to
be used for monitoring water bodies, crops, vegetation, forest cover, and natural disasters such as floods and cyclon
place it to a geostationary orbit, 36,000 km from earth’s surface. However this satellite mission malfunctioned about
the GSLV rocket. इसरो का पृथ्वी सर्वेक्षण उपग्रह EOS-०३ जिसे GSLV प्रक्षेपास्त्र द्वारा अवकाश में भेजना था किन्तु रॉके ट(प्रक्षेपास्त्र) में ख़राबी के चलते वो असफल रहा।

e-RUPI: A cashless and contactless voucher based digital payments medium by NPCi. E.g. Education ministry sends SMS/QR
(Sr.NoXXX-XXX-XXX) to Bata Shoes Shop and they will give your child ₹600 worth shoes & socks. So, essentially a prepaid gi
debit card, a mobile app or Internet banking. Helps in a leak-proof delivery of welfare schemes. This E-Rupi is not a separate vi
ministry (or any other government ministry or department) will first deposit cash money into a partner bank (e.g SBI), then partn
This can also be used by private sector companies for giving e-RUPI coupons to employees for meals, education, travel and gy
कोड भेजा जाएगा. वो जाकर उसे दुकान में अस्पताल में दिखाएगा और वहाँ से उसे सेवा मुहैया की जाएगी. NPCI द्वारा विकसित की गयी यह प्रणाली की सब्सिडी में ग़बन रिसाव को कम करेगी हालाँकि ये को
कोड है. जैसा कि अमेजॉन का गिफ़्ट कार्ड कू पन कोड होता है)
Monetary policy bi-monthly update (August): no changes in the repo Rate @4%. More in Mrunal’s Win21 Series free lectures. [

1972: General insurance nationalisation act - five Insurance co under Govt control 1) General Insurance Corporation of India (G
(4) Oriental Insurance, and (5) United India Insurance. Government wants to facilitate the privatisation of general insurance com
features 1) minimum 51% government shareholding rule removed. 2) These companies’ employees’ service conditions (salary,
be decided by the board of directors (and not by Government)- so in future if a particular government insurance company is priv
Adani/Ambani) will decide. 3) technical changse related to definitions & board of directors liabilities of insurance etc. but NOTIM
government insurance companies 2) competition innovation etc. [सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र की सामान्य बीमा कं पनियों के निजीकरण की में आसानी लाने के लिए/ क़ानूनी उलझ
Tax Terrorism: Earlier, Vodafone had purchased majority shares of Hutch India company and Indian income tax department wa
(CGT) on the profit of that share sale. But Vodafone contended that the entire transaction occurred outside India and therefore
amended the income tax act to demand tax with retrospective effect on those overseas transactions. 2021: Government propos
Act, 2012 to “UNDO” that. i.e. No tax will be demanded on such share/asset transfer that took place before 2012-May Month. 🤩
business 3) already in another case involving Tax-terrorism on Cairn Energy company , Indian government is facing a very larg
tribunal. So perhaps Indian government does not want same outcome in the Vodafone case. More in Mrunal’s Win21 Series fre
वोडाफ़ोन से समाधान की कोशिश की है। इसके बारे में ज़्यादा Win21 Series देखेंगे]
Foreign exchange reserves of 150 nations- internal composition is: 55% US dollars, 30% euros, 2% Yuan (Renminbi, Chinese
shows majority of the nations keep large % of their forex reserve in US dollar. Thus US dollar is presently the “Global Reserve C
currency? In a very long future yes if, India adopts full capital account convertibility, keeps inflation, fiscal deficit, currency excha
exporter and global economic superpower. [विश्व के ज़्यादातर देशों के विदेशी आरक्षित निधि कोष मैं बहुतायत रूप से डॉलर मुद्रा में इन पैसों को रखा जाता है। इसी कारण से अमरी
ऐसा दर्जा हासिल कर सकता है यदि कै पिटल खाते में संपूर्ण रूप से परिवर्तनीयता दी जाए, महँगाई क़ाबू में रहे, राजकोषीय घाटा क़ाबू में रहे, मुद्रा विनिमय दर क़ाबू में रहे, और भारत एक बड़ा निर्यातक और आ
Presently government is in process of restructuring the ordinance factories ownership structure, outsourcing their repair and ma
ordinance factory workers threatened to go on strike. Essential Defence Services Bill 2021: To prohibit employees of ordnance
सरकारी कम्पनियों के कर्मचारी हड़ताल पर न जा सकें इसलिए सरकार आवश्यक रक्षा सेवा विधेयक ला रही है.]
Akasa: ultra low-cost airline company by renowned share investor Rakesh Jhunjhunwala (राके श झुनझुनवाला आकाश नाम की एक सस्ती विमान उड्डय
Quote: Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. — William Butler Yeats [ शिक्षा देने का मतलब बाल्टी में पानी भरना नहीं लेकिन एक
INS Vikrant —Indian Navy’s first aircraft carrier. It was decommissioned in 1997. 2021: a new India-made aircraft carrier starts t
have total two aircraft carriers i) INS Vikramaditya (Russian origin) ii) INS Vikrant (Indian origin) भारत में स्वदेशी रूप से बना विमानवाहक युद्धपोत
The presidency of the Council is held by each of the members in turn for one month, following the English alphabetical order of
the Presidency of the UN Security Council (UNSC) on August 2021. एक महीने के लिए भारत को मिली संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद की अध्यक्षता
India China border tension: both sides agreed to withdraw troops from 1) Pangong Tso 2) Gogra Post in eastern Ladakh. [पश्चिमी
का निर्णय लिया है]
Pakistan has four provinces Balochistan, Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Pakistan has two illegally occupied regions 1) G
Now Pakistan government working on a bill to give provincial status to Gilgit Baltistan. India has opposed this because this enti
गिलगित बाल्टिस्तान के कु छ इलाकों को ग़ैर क़ानूनी रूप से अपने क़ब्ज़े में किया है. अब तक पाकिस्तान सरकार उन्हें एक तरह से कें द्र शासित प्रदेशों की तरह चला रहा था. और अब पाकिस्तान उन्हें अलग “
कड़ी शब्दों में निंदा की है)
Actor Kabir Bedi’s autobiography: Stories I Must Tell: The Emotional Life of an Actor
Book: The Long Game: How the Chinese Negotiate with India. Author: former Foreign Secretary Vijay Gokhale.
Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award - henceforth will be known as Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna award. [राजीव खेल रत्न पुरस्कार को ध्
Goa Bhumiputra Adhikarini Bill, 2021: If anyone living in the Goa state for 30 years or more - labelled as a ‘Bhumipu
house whose ownership is still undetermined/disputed then he can pay “X Rupees” to State government to obtain Bh
house), provided that no other party is disputing his ownership play within “Y” number of days. (गोवा भूमिपुत्र विधेयक यदि कोई व्
जाएगा. यदि वो ऐसे कोई मकान झोपड़े में रह रहा है, जिसमें अभी भी मालिकी का विवाद है, तो सरकार को एक निश्चित रक़म देने के बाद वह मकान की मालिकी उस भूमिपुत्र की हो जाएगी.
Tensor - name of the CPU/Processor designed by Google for its Pixel 6 mobile phones.
DATE Subject Subtopic (if any)

2021-07-Week4 Economy 💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-07-Week4 Economy 💳 1B-Bank Classification & L

2021-07-Week4 Economy 💳 1B-Bank Classification & L


2021-07-Week4 Economy 💳 1B-Bank Classification & L

2021-07-Week4 Economy 💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-

2021-07-Week4 Economy 💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-07-Week4 Economy 💳 6-Corona😷

2021-07-Week4 Economy 💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-07-Week4 Environment 🌿 Bio-Diversity


2021-07-Week4 Environment 🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-07-Week4 Environment 🌿 Bio-Diversity


2021-07-Week4 Environment 🌿 Disaster

2021-07-Week4 Environment 🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-07-Week4 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-07-Week4 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week4 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week4 Ethics(GSM4) ☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-07-Week4 PIN-GK 🏋 ️ Appointment

2021-07-Week4 PIN-GK 🏋 ️ Books-Authors


2021-07-Week4 PIN-GK 🏋 ️ Death

2021-07-Week4 PIN-GK 🏋 ️ Death

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ Defence


2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ Federalism

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ Federalism

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ Federalism

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ Legislature

2021-07-Week4 Polity ⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-07-Week4 PIN-GK 🏋 ️ Places-in-News


2021-07-Week4 PIN-GK 🏋 ️ Places-in-News

2021-07-Week4 PIN-GK 🏋 ️ Places-in-News

2021-07-Week4 Science 🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification &

2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarke

2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-07-Week3 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication


2021-07-Week3 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Transport⚓️
2021-07-Week3 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-07-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-07-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-07-Week3 History History-Medieval


2021-07-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-07-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilat

2021-07-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Indi


2021-07-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-07-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-07-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-07-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-07-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-07-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-07-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-07-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-07-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Corona😷

2021-07-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-07-Week3 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-07-Week3 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-07-Week3 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-07-Week3 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups


2021-07-Week3 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-07-Week3 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-07-Week3 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾


2021-07-Week3 Science🧪 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-07-Week3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-07-Week3 Science🧪 Disaster

2021-07-Week3 Science🧪 Social Media📣

2021-07-Week3 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-07-Week3 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-07-Week3 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-07-Week2 ECONOMY💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-07-Week2 ENVIRONMENT🌿Bio-Diversity
2021-07-Week2 ETHICS(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week2 ETHICS(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week2 ETHICS(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week2 ETHICS(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-07-Week2 ETHICS(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-07-Week2 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-07-Week2 IR/DEFENSE🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝
2021-07-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-07-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-07-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-07-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-07-Week2 POLITY⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-07-Week2 POLITY⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-07-Week2 POLITY⚖️ Federalism

2021-07-Week2 POLITY⚖️ Judiciary

2021-07-Week2 POLITY⚖️ Legislature

2021-07-Week2 POLITY⚖️ Legislature


2021-07-Week2 SCIENCE🧪 6-Corona😷
2021-07-Week2 SCIENCE🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-07-Week2 SCIENCE🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-07-Week2 SCIENCE🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-07-Week2 SCIENCE🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


2021-07-Week2 SCIENCE🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-07-Week1 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & L

2021-07-Week1 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-07-Week1 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-07-Week1 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-07-Week1 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2021-07-Week1 Environment🌿 Disaster

2021-07-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-07-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-07-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-07-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-07-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-07-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-07-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-07-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-07-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-07-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-07-Week1 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-07-Week1 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-07-Week1 History/Culture🗿 Death

2021-07-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-07-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-07-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-07-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-07-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-07-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-07-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilater

2021-07-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilater

2021-07-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multila


2021-07-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-07-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏
2021-07-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-07-Week1 Polity⚖️ 6-Corona😷

2021-07-Week1 Polity⚖️ Executive


2021-07-Week1 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾

2021-07-Week1 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communication

2021-07-Week1 Science🧪 6-Corona😷


2021-07-Week1 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾
News Item (Page Numbers correspond to Ahmedabad Edition)
RESERVE Bank of India (RBI) has decided to allow non-bank payment system providers (PSPs), prepaid payment instruments (PPI) issuers li
operators to participate in the Centralised Processing System (CPS - NEFT + RTGS) as direct members. For this purpose they (non-banks/mo
Indian Financial System Code (IFSC) to non-and opening a current account with the RBI’s E-Kuber core banking system [ ग़ैर बैंक कम्पनियां मोबाइल वॉ
मज़ा ले पाएँगी। पहले इन कं पनियों ने किसी बैंक में खाता खोलना होता था और फिर बैंक द्वारा वे NEFT/RTGS की सेवाएँ परोक्ष रूप से ग्राहकों को दे दी थी। ]
Deposit Insurance & Credit Guarantee Corporation (Amendment) Bill 2021 to increase the deposit insurance cover to 5 lakh rupees - cover
https://mrunal.org/download
Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) regime - so far lenders taken cumulative haircut of Rs 3.22 lakh crore — or 61.2 per cent of their ad
recover only 40% of the due amount from borrowers. [ शोधन अक्षमता और दिवालियापन संहिता में जितने के स दायर हुए थे उसमें मात्र 40 प्रतिशत रक़म ही वसूल हो पाई है]
Pre-packaged Insolvency Resolution Process (PIRP) Bill - covered in Mrunal’s Win21 Free Lecture Series Pillar1B https://mrunal.org/downl

General insurance companies nationalisation Amendment Bill: facilitate the privatisation of public sector general insurance companies- co
The government released the latest annual report of the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS). The data was for the 12 months between Ju
unemployment rate (UER) had declined over this period. 2) Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) had increased. [ आवधिक श्रम बल सर्वेक्षण के हिसा
और दूध की नदियां बह रही है। covered in Mrunal’s Win21 Free Lecture Series Pillar4C https://mrunal.org/download]
Gujarat Mukhya Mantri Bal Sewa Yojna (MMBSY)- Gujarat govt to give ₹4,000 per month support to children who lost both parents in Coro
माता और पिता दोनों का देहांत हुआ ऐसे बच्चों को गुजरात राज्य सरकार द्वारा हर महीने 4 हज़ार रुपये की सहायता दी जाएगी, “मुख्यमंत्री बाल सेवा योजना” के अंतर्गत]
HRD Education - Mushrooming of engineering colleges: Latest data from All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) shows engineerin
despite the significant drop, engineering still accounts for 80 per cent of the total seats in the technical education space (i.e. engineering, a
pharmacy, etc.) [नवीनतम आंकड़ों के हिसाब से भारत में इंजीनियरिंग कॉलेज की सीटों में क़रीब डेढ़ लाख की गिरावट आयी है यानी कि इंजीनियरिंग कॉलेजों में लोग पहले से कम एडमिशन ले रहे
नौकरी की परीक्षा ही देनी पड़ती है) ]
Great Indian Bustards (GIBs): There are four bustard species in India- i) MacQueen’s bustard, ii) lesser florican iii) Bengal florican, (iv) Great
to other three varieties. GIB prefer grasslands as their habitat and spend most of their time on ground, occasionally flying from one part of
grass seeds etc. GIBs are considered barometers of the health of grassland ecosystems. 😰 Government informed Rajya Sabha that there w
Sanctuary (KBS) in Gujarat. Possible reason? huge renewable energy infrastructure over the last two decades, GIBs after hitting powerlines
घास के मैदान का स्वास्थ्य और जैव विविधता कितनी अच्छी है। सरकार ने राज्यसभा में सूचित किया कि गुजरात के कच्छ अभयारण्य में इस पक्षी की मौजूदगी नहीं पाई गई है। कच्छ में नवीनीकरण ऊर्जा के
बार ये पक्षी उसे टकराके मर जाते हैं
July 28 celebrated as World Nature Conservation Day (विश्व प्रकृ ति संरक्षण दिवस). 2021’s theme is "Forests and Livelihoods: Sustaining People and
UNESCO had recommended that its World Heritage Committee Australia's Great Barrier Reef ecosystem to the World Heritage in Danger
Australian government gathered enough votes to prevent this categorisation. यूनेस्को चाहता था कि ऑस्ट्रेलिया कि ग्रेट बैरियर रीफ़ को विश्व धरोहर की “जोखिम ग्रस्
नुक़सान हो रहा है। हालाँकि ऑस्ट्रेलियाई सरकार ने विदेशों से मत हासिल करके फ़िलहाल इस प्रस्ताव को रुकवा दिया है।
TYPHOON IN-FA - Near China’s Shanghai [चीन में नया चक्रवात नाम है जिसका ‘इन-फा’]

Fit for 55: New Law in European Union (EU) to cut its GHG emissions by 55 per cent by 2030 and to net zero by 2050. it also introduces a
(CBAM). CBAM will require foreign producers to pay for the carbon emitted while manufacturing their products. 🤩Benefit? Adding the pric
buying carbon-intensive products and encourage producers to invest in cleaner technologies. This will be applied to energy-intensive prod
steel, aluminium, cement, fertiliser, and electricity. CBAM to be imposed in 2026. 😰 Challenge? CBAM will create problems for the Indian
in the clean energy / sustainable manufacturing practises right now. [ यूरोपीय संघ में 2030 तक ग्रीनहाउस वादियों का उत्सर्जन ५५% काटने के लिए एक नया क़ानून बना
यदि किसी चीज़ के उत्पादन में बहुत ज़्यादा प्रदूषण हुआ है तो उस पर ज़्यादा टैक्स लगेगा ताकि ग्राहक ऐसी चीज़ों को ख़रीदें जिसकी उत्पादन में कमी प्रदूषण हुआ है. भारत के लिए यह चिंता का विषय हो
करेंगे तो फिर हमारा सामान यूरोप में महँगा हो जाएगा और उसे फ़िरंगी लोग कम ख़रीदेंगे।]

Attitude towards post-midnight party karnewale underage rape victims: GOA Chief Minister Pramod Sawant’s controversial remarks over t
people went to a party on the beach of which six went home and four stayed back all night -two boys and two girls. They are 14-year-old c
those underage girls. Parents in Goa should also think about this. You cannot blame only the government and police. If 14-15 year-olds sta
also responsible. It is the responsibility of parents also. Parent should take responsibility while sending minor children out.” Although Mod
chief Minister ke “EVEN if underage children are roaming after midnight (despite Corona outbreak), it is the responsibility of police to ensu
Age, but the world has moved on. By harbouring such revolting notions in this day and age, he has proven that his government is prejudice
responsibility come hand-in-hand. But some of the persons/parents want to blame everything on government. As IPS officer how will you
तट पर दस लोगों की एक पार्टी चलती थी। बाद में ६ लोग घर वापस आ गए और ४ नाबालिक लड़के -लड़कियाँ पूरी रात में और भी ज़्यादा पार्टी करने के लिए रुक गए। इसमें 2 नाबालिग लड़कियों पर बला
रात्रि तक उनके नाबालिग बच्चे समंदर किनारे पे पार्टी क्यों कर रहे है?“ हालाँकि कु छ आधुनिकतावादियों आंदोलनजीवीयो ने विरोध किया के “युवा मुख्यमंत्री का बयान अशोभनीय है वे रुढ़िवादी पितृ सत्तात्
किनारे पार्टी करते हों, उनकी सुरक्षा सुनिश्चित करना पुलिस की ज़िम्मेदारी है!” एक IPS अफ़सर के रूप में आप भविष्य में इस प्रकार के मामलों का पुनरावर्तन रोकने के लिए क्या करेंगे?]
Attitude towards women gymnast: German gymnast Sarah Voss wore a full body suit / unitards that covered their arms and legs for the To
against “sexualisation” of women in sports. Traditionally the sports gymnastic federations have insisted women gymnasts wear short outf
Administrator how will you approch this issue? महिला खिलाड़ियों के प्रति रवैया: टोक्यो जिम्नास्टिक में जर्मनी की महिला खिलाड़ियों ने छोटे/तंग वस्त्रों की जगह हाथ और पैरो को पू
नहीं आता क्योंकि उन्हें लगता है महिला खिलाड़ी छोटे कपड़े नहि पहेने तो कामुक पुरुष प्रेक्षक प्रतियोगिता को कम देखेंगे और हमारी विज्ञापन आमदनी में कमी होगी]

Attitude Towards Women/Period Holidays: Women teachers association in UP has launched a campaign seeking three-day ‘period leave’ e
government schools across the state. In most schools, teachers share the toilet with over 200 to 400 students. There’s hardly any cleaning
suffer from urinary infections because they don’t drink water to avoid using the washroom. Often, the choice is between using the unhygie
difficult, especially when we have our periods, because some of us have to travel 30-40 km to reach schools in farflung villages. In big priva
also want it.” As Education Secretary(IAS), how will you address this demand by the teachers? [ मासिक धर्म के दौरान हमें ३ दिन की छु ट्टी दी जाए ऐसी माँग उत्त
गंदे होते हैं, और वहाँ से मूत्रमार्ग संक्रमण का जोखिम रहेता महिला शिक्षक को है। निजी क्षेत्र की बड़ी कं पनीयो में एसी छु ट्टी दी जाती है। शिक्षा विभाग के सचिव के रूप में आपकी याचिका पर कै से जवाब देंगे?

Mental Health/Competition/Trolling: SIMONE BILES- American female gymnastics decided not to play in the Tokyo Olympics for her menta
previously a female tennis player Naomi Osaka also refused to participate in postmatch press conference is to protect her mental well-bein
fans defended that mental well-being is more important than success in competition. But, IF an Indian athlete said the same thing he/she
weak/fattu character unable to answer journalists, & wasting parents/government money spent on his/her training. When a child is raised
when he/she grows up to become parent- he/she will also put same pressure on the children. अमरीकी महिला जिमनास्ट सिमोन बाइल्स ने कहा कि वह अपनी
इससे पहले महिला टेनिस खिलाड़ी नाओमी ओसाका ने भी खेल के बाद होने वाली पत्रकार परिषद में हिस्सा लेने से मना है कि क्योंकि वहाँ पर पत्रकारों के अपमानजनक प्रश्नों से नाओमी के मानसिक स्वास्
उन्होंने बहुत बहादुरी का काम किया है. यदि भारतीय खिलाड़ी ऐसा करता, तो भारत के कई लोग उसका उपहास/निंदा करते है कि तुम्हारे स्थानविशेष में दम नहीं है इसलिए तुम प्रतियोगिता में हिस्सा लेने
का पैसा बर्बाद किया है. जब इस प्रकार के ज़हरीले स्पर्धात्मक माहौल में बच्चा बड़ा होता है तो वो भी भविष्य में अपने बच्चों पर इसी प्रकार का दबाव डालता है
Appointment: Karnataka new chief Minister Basavaraj Bommai replaces B S Yediyurappa.

Books: Indian-Origin British novelist Sunjeev Sahota is among 13 authors longlisted for this year's Booker Prize for fiction for China Room. [
Death: NANDU NATEKAR, Indian badminton player, Pune
Jhaverchand Meghani: was conferred the title of Rashtriya Shayar (national poet) by Mahatma Gandhi. Gujarat government to build a mus
writer Jhaverchand Meghani in Chotila of Surendranagar district, as part of celebrations to mark his 125th birth anniversary. [ गुजराती कवि जवेर
जयंती पर गुजरात राज्य सरकार उनके जन्मस्थान पर संग्रहालय बनाएगी]

Caste census: every Census until 1931 had data on caste. However, in 1941, caste-based data was collected but not published. Then every
published data on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, but not on other castes. 2021: Govt replied in Lok Sabha: “The Government of
population other than SCs and STs in Census.” Controversy? 1) In the absence of such a (OBC Caste) census, there is no proper estimate fo
estimated the OBC population at 52%, some other estimates have been based on National Sample Survey data, and political parties make
Assembly seats during election. 2) Socio Economic Caste Census (SECC) was conducted by the Ministry of Rural Development in rural areas
in urban areas. The SECC data excluding caste data was finalised and published by the two ministries in 2016. The raw caste data was hand
Empowerment, which formed an Expert Group under former NITI Aayog ViceChairperson Arvind Pangaria for classification and categorisati
report; no such report has been made public. 3) so in the absence of a proper official data about the level of education and economic deve
better quality of government schemes and policies to help them. [ अंग्रेजों के ज़माने में जनगणना के दौरान जाति आधारित डेटा भी जारी किया जाता था हालाँकि बाद के वर्षों
में बताया कि हम जनगणना में SC तथा ST के अलावा अन्य किसी भी जाति का डेटा नहीं देंगे (यानी की OBC का डेटा नहीं देंगे). विशेषज्ञों तथा कु छ राजनीतिक पक्षों का ये मानना है कि सभी जातियों का
योजनाओं की बेहतर नीतियां बन सके . 2011 के SECC जनगणना में हालाँकि इस प्रकार का सर्वेक्षण किया तो था सरकार ने, और उसे डेटा के विश्लेषण के लिए एक अरविंद पनगरिया समिति भी बनायी थी
Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Bill, 2021- 1) gives increased powers and responsibilities to District Magistra
more teeth in monitoring children’s homes. 2) It defines various categories of juvenile offences more clearly, in an attempt to keep juvenil
नाबालिग अवयस्क बच्चों के न्याय के लिए क़ानून में संशोधन- जिला मैजिस्ट्रेट की सत्ताओं को बढ़ाया गया ताकि वो बच्चा गोद लेने के बारे में आदेश जारी कर सके , बाल सुरक्षा कें द्रों की ज़्यादा सख़्ती से निग
में कोर्ट-के स/सजा होगी उसके बारे में और स्पष्टता की गई।
reservation: Govt announces quota in all-India seats of medical and dental colleges- 27% FOR OBCS, 10% FOR EWS IN UG, PG COURSES. Un
India Quota for medical admission. On January 31, 2007, in Abhay Nath v University of Delhi and Others, the Supreme Court directed that
Scheduled Tribes. कें द्रीय मेडिकल और डेंटल कॉलेजों में OBC तथा आर्थिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्ग के लिए आरक्षण के नियम कें द्र सरकार ने जारी की
secularism and minority welfare: Ex-Prime Minister Mohan Singh in 2005 constituting the Sachar committee to enquire into the social, eco
in SC: 1) Manmohan did not consult the cabinet for setting up this committee. On his own whims issued the direction appointing the comm
community can be treated separately. 3) So, PIL seeks Supreme Court to stop Union government from acting on any of the recommendatio
2005 में तत्कालीन प्रधानमंत्री मनमोहन सिंह ने मुसलमानों की आर्थिक और शिक्षा स्थिति को जानने के लिए सच्चर समिति का गठन किया था. सुप्रीम कोर्ट में एक जनहित याचिका दायर हुई है कि भविष्य
की सिफ़ारिशों का अमल करने से रोका जाए, क्योंकि मनमोहन सिंह ने बिना कै बिनेट से पूछें इस समिति का गठन किया था और किसी एक धर्म विशेष के लिए समिति का गठन असंवैधानिक है।
Secularism in Pakistan: Pakistan's Parliament in 1974 had declared the Ahmadi community as non-Muslims. They are banned from calling t
Mecca, Saudi Arabia for pilgrimage पाकिस्तान में क़ानूनन रूप से अहमदी समुदाय को ग़ैर मुस्लिम माना जाता है उन्हें हज के लिए मक्का जाने की मनाही है
Pegasus spyware developed by Israeli company NSO: News reports indicate that it was mis-used for spying on opposition leaders across th
जासूसी की थी- ऐसे आरोप
Assam Mizoram border dispute five police man killed. During the British era, Mizoram was a district of Assam and known as Lushai Hills. 19
not accept this demarcation on the ground that their chiefs were not consulted this time. 1972: Mizoram became a Union Territory. 1980s
states signed an agreement that status quo should be maintained at no-man’s land set up in the boundaries. But every once in a while som
border tensions are also a legacy of colonial times when British commercial interests dictated map-making and state-building. In the proce
either ignored or suppressed. [असम और मिज़ोरम के बीच सीमा विवाद में पुलिसकर्मियों की हत्या। अंग्रेजों के ज़माने से इस इलाक़े में सीमांकन के बारे में विवाद चल रहा है]
Combative Federalism: Delhi Assembly adopted a private member resolution opposing the appointment of Rakesh Asthana as the Commis
“create a reign of terror” by going after the Aam Aadmi party. लड़ाकू संघवाद: दिल्ली विधानसभाने प्रस्ताव पारित किया कि कें द्र सरकार द्वारा राके श अस्थाना को दिल्ली पुलिस
नियुक्ति हुई है!

Combative Federalism: Commissions of Inquiry Act, 1952: a Commission set up by the government shall have the powers of a civil court, u
Commission has powers to summon and enforce the attendance of any person from any part of India and examine her on oath, and receiv
record or documents. 2) While both central and state governments can set up such Commissions of Inquiry, states are restricted by subjec
the central government set up the commission first, then states cannot set up a parallel commission on the same subject matter without t
a Commission, then the Centre can appoint another on the same subject if it is of the opinion that the scope of the inquiry should be exten
commissions created political controversies e.g. 2002: post-Godhra train burning riots - A) Gujarat chief Minister Narendra Modi has set u
its report. B) parallelly railway minister Lalu Yadav also set up a commission. 2021: West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee announce
judge Justice Madan B Lokur to look into alleged phone spying by (Modi Govt) using Pegasus spyware developed by Israeli company NSO
सकता है। ऐसे आयोग के पास दीवानी अदालत जैसे सत्ताएँ होती है। यदि किसी मामले पर कें द्र सरकार आयोग का गठन कर दें तो फिर उसी मामले पर राज्य सरकार ने आयोग का गठन करना हो उससे पह
गठन होता है जैसे गोधरा ट्रेन में आग और उसके बाद हुए गुजरात दंगोमें उस ज़माने की रेल मंत्री लालू यादव ने भी आयोग बनाया था, और गुजरात के मुख्यमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी ने भी आयोग बनाया था। वर्तमान
जासूसी की थी- ऐसे आरोप की जाँच के लिए पश्चिम बंगाल मुख्यमंत्री ममता बनर्जी ने भी आयोग का गठन किया है।]
Executive vs Legislature/ Parliamentary privilege breach - After Pegasus spyware issue the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Informati
Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Ministry of Home Affairs, and Department of Telecommunication on the subject ‘Citizens
So, panel chairman, Shashi Tharoor, has written to Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla complainting “breach of Parliamentary privilege” and “con
विपक्षी नेताओं की जासूसी की थी- ऐसे आरोप की जाँच के लिए संसदीय स्थायी समिति ने कु छ सरकारी अफ़सरों को तलब किया था लेकिन वे अफ़सर मीटिंग में हाज़िरी देने नहीं आए. तो समिति के अध्यक्ष
संसद के विशेषाधिकारों का हनन है/ संसद की अवमानना है.

Freedom of Press: BOMBAY High Court refused to pass any blanket “gag” order against media organisations uploading “ allegedly defama
Kundra arrested in Porn-App case. Because such blanket gag order on the media against reporting anything against Shetty will effect on th
censorship”. Judge observed, “Your (Shetty’s) case that Google,YouTube, Twitter, etc, shall exercise control over editorial content is dange
nice things about me, do not say anything at all. You choose a life in the public eye, part of it will come under the scrunity. Your life will com
can have a chilling effect on freedom of the press. However journalists shd not discuss/drag her children/private family life into that becau
हाईकोर्ट में याचिका दायर की की “मेरा पति (जो कि नंगी/अश्लील एप बनाने के मामले में गिरफ़्तार हुआ है) उसके और मेरे के बारे में इंटरनेट पर जो न्यूज़/विडियो बन रहे है उसके रोकने/हटाने के लिए
कर दिया कि “जब आप एक पब्लिक सेलिब्रिटी है तो आपके बारे में अख़बारों में ऑनलाइन माध्यमों में चर्चा होगी ही, उसे रोकना पत्रकारिता की आज़ादी के ख़िलाफ़ है। हालाँकि पत्रकारों ने इस मामले में अना
Dholavira- 3000 BCE (Before Common Era): added on the UNESCO list of world heritage sites. This is the first * first site of Indus Valley Civ
Location? Khadir island in the Great Rann of Kutch (GRK), Gujarat. Area? 22+ hectares, fifth largest archaeological site of the Indus Valley C
BC. Alternate Name? Locally known as Kotda Timba (the fort mound). Discovered in the 1960s by archaeologist Jagat Pati Joshi - the DG of
गया. ये भारत की सबसे पहला हड़प्पा स्थान है जिसे यूनेस्को विश्व धरोहर सूची में शामिल किया गया है। धोलावीरा गुजरात के कच्छ ज़िले में स्थित है।]
List of UNESCO heritage sites from Gujarat: 1) Champaner, 2) Rani ki Vav 3) the walled city area of Ahmedabad, 4) (Latest) Dholavira.
UNESCO World Heritage site status to India’s Rudreswara Temple, also known as the Ramappa Temple, at Palampet in Mulugu district of T
the reign of the Kakatiya empire and dedicated to Lord Shiva.[ तेलंगाना के रुद्रश्वर मंदिर को यूनेस्को की विश्व धरोहर सूची में शामिल किया गया, शंकर भगवान के इस मंदिर को
NASA is set to launch the large infrared James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). It’ll be the successor of the Hubble Space Telescope, JWST w
from the formation of solar systems to the evolution of our own Solar System. 😰 controversy? James Webb was an anti-homosexual when
टेलीस्कोप जोकि भविष्य में हबल टेलीस्कोप का स्थान लेगा। हालाँकि इस टेलिस्कोप को जेम्स वेब नामक एक नासा प्रशासक के नाम पर रखा गया है जो कि समलैंगिकों के ख़िलाफ़ भेदभाव के लिए विवादों

Cashaa company launched Unicas, the world’s first crypto friendly financial institution with physical branches in India. It allow
a single savings account. It plans to extend loans to buy cryptocurrencies and open savings accounts for customers. It is a multi
“registered and works under the Registrar of Societies”. Owner says we give services to members only, we do not need the RB
हुई है जो की वैधानिक मुद्रा और क्रिप्टॉन मुद्रा दोनों को ही बचत खाते में जमा कर सकती है इस संस्था को स्थापित करने वाले लोगों का यह कहना है कि वो के वल अपनी संस्था के सदस्
है]
MasterCard is a payment gateway operator running credit card debit card network in India for various banks. But despite RBI d
Indian servers so RBI has prohibited him from onboarding (-issuing new cards) to Indians । मास्टर कार्ड भारतीय ग्राहकों का डाटा भारतीय सर्वर में
कार्ड जारी करने से मना किया
Bad bank - National Asset Reconstruction Company Ltd (NARCL). Its ownership will include eight public sector banks-SBI, Union
National Bank, Bank of India and Bank of Maharashtra. Bad Bank will eventually take over non-performing assets (NPAs) wort
fixed the present IBC resolution mechanism. Basics of bad bank already covered in Mrunal’s Win21 free lecture series. [mruna
Reserve Bank of India allows retail investors to directly participate in the government securities market. By opening ‘Retail Dir
through a portal. G-Secs don’t attract capital gains tax if held till maturity.
Dearness Allowance (DA) - it is an allowance given by government to central government employees to protect them against t
allowance, but for central government pensioners. In 2020- Union government had frozen because Govt was struggling with m
⏫DA&DR. Before 17% After: 28%. Consequently government will have to pay annually >34,000 cr extra. पिछले साल कोरोना में सरकार
ही पैसों की क़िल्लत थी, लेकिन अब वापस शुरू कर रही है
COUNTRY’S foreign exchange reserves a record high of $611.895 billion.
PUNJAB State Govt announced farm loan/debt waiver of Rs 590 crore. It was a promise made by the Congress party during in
therefore populist schemes being announced. Economic surveys have criticised this practice of farm loan waivers. पंजाब राज्य सरका
नीतियों पर एतराज़ जताया था

Consumer Protection Act → Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules, 2020 1) fall-back liability clause- e-commerce entities
platform fail to deliver the goods to consumers, causing customer a loss. 2) Amazon need to identify goods based on their cou
the store, amazon need to provide suggestions to customers (about the product listed by domestic sellers) to ensure “fair opp
misuse its dominant position to dictate the present commission rates else consumer protection authority will punish. 5) Amaz
with third party without the approval of customer. 😰 criticism: 1) foreign manufacturers are angry that government is pushin
Consumer Protection Act. if domestic manufacturers are competitive, consumers will automatically gravitate towards them. I
should be at the core of the consumer protection framework. 2) consumer protection authority trying to encroach upon the d
sharing related rules need to be covered under the the Personal Data Protection Bill and not the Consumer Protection Act. ग्राह
पर कु छ नए नियम बनाए हैं -यदि ग्राहक को सामान नहीं मिला तो मुआवज़ा देना होगा, जब ग्राहक वेबसाइट देख रहा है तो एमेजों ने भारतीय निर्माताओं द्वारा बनायी गई वस्तुओं के सुझाव
तीसरे पार्टी को साझा नहीं करना चाहिए इत्यादि।
National AYUSH Mission: the centrally sponsored scheme has been extended till 2026-March. What exactly is the scheme? An
economy. आयुष योजना की समयावधि बढ़ायी गई
Union government forms a new ministry of cooperation. The entire matter is sufficiently covered in Mrunal's Win21 Pillar4A fr
(https://mrunal.org/download) कें द्र सरकार ने बनाया सहकार मंत्रालय इसके बारे में हम लोग पिछले लेक्चर में देख चुके
E-Governance: FASTER: Fast and Secure Transmission of Electronic Records - A swift and secure electronic transmission to sen
have been granted bail/release need not wait long for a certified order copy in order to be released. [ न्यायालय द्वारा किसी क़ै दी की रिहाई
सके ऐसी प्रणाली बनायी जा रही]
Rules for vintage vehicles. I think it is covered sufficiently in the previous months excel spreadsheet. ये चीज़ कु छ महीनों पहले हम पढ़ चुके
European unions ‘Fit for 55’ legislation- to cut emissions of the gases that cause global warming by 55 per cent over this decad

Compassion towards weaker section: Rajkot District Collector Arun Mahesh Babu certified one Chirag Makwana alias Charmi a
presence of her father. This will entitle her to change her name and gender in all the official documents under provisions of Tr
Such actions by the IAS officers when highlighted by media helps reducing the stereotyping among people and create sensitisa
समुदाय के एक व्यक्ति को जिला कलेक्टर ने ट्रांसजेंडर के रूप में प्रमाणित किया और उसे सरकारी दस्तावेज़, दिए ताकि विविध योजनाओं का लाभ उसे मिल सके । जब IAS अफ़सर द्वारा
ट्रांसजेंडर समुदाय के प्रति भेदभाव की भावना कम होती है]
Greed for Money: Bollywood actress Shilpa Shetty's husband RAJ Kundra arrested for running a Pornographic Mobile App. Po
greed for more money that is driving these rich people towards unethical business ventures. [ बॉलीवुड अदाकारा शिल्पा शेट्टी के पति राज कुं द्रा
की तंगी नहीं किन्तु ज़्यादा पैसों की लालच अमीर लोगों को दूरित/अनैतिक आचरण की तरफ़ ले जाती है]
insolvency and ethics: Mr.Rana from Surat decided to sell one of his kidneys to repay the loans. After searching on the interne
in Bangalore city. She told Rana that he will get Rs 4 crore if he sells his kidney. But first Dr. Shilpa ordered Rana to deposit 14
bribes. Rana (who was already under loan burden) borrowed again from his friends & paid ₹14 lakhs → Then lady doctor sto
Consider: 1) doing illegal things (selling kidney) out of desperation - led the the man into further desperation (defrauded by do
deviate from the ethical path. 2) a person should always ensure that he does not become insolvent. Insolvency is the reason b
person cannot think clearly and ethically. 3) it is for this reason even our Constitution prohibits insolvent people from holding
ऑनलाइन वेबसाइट पर देखा कि चार करोड़ रुपये में अपनी किडनी बेचो- लेकिन ऑनलाइन जालसाज़ी में उल्टा वो खुद 14 लाख रुपये और गंवा चुका। यानी की जब व्यक्ति कर्ज़ में डू बा
शिकार बन सकता है इसलिए अपने संविधान में भी विभिन्न सांविधानिक पदों पर बैठने वाले व्यक्ति के लिए यह न्यूनतम योग्यता बतायी गई है कि वो दिवालिया नहीं होना चाहिए।]

Sebi settlement regulations, a defendant can settle an issue with the regulator by paying money without admitting or denying
Sharemarket investor- settled an alleged insider trading case in Sebi by agreeing to pay Rs 37 crore. Points to consider: 1) You
Jhujhunwala is & and how he made crores of rupees by doing share market trades. so many novice Babu-Shona type investors
success derived from his business acumen or did he also cross some grey /unethical areas? 3) Youtube/Sharemarket tends to
and not so much for his ethical conduct. [ यूट्यूब पर राके श झुनझुनवाला नाम के एक शेयर निवेशक का बोहोत महिमा मंडन होता है किन्तु हाल ही में उसने “भेदिया लेन
क्या वास्तव में उसने शेयर निवेशक के रूप में जो शोहरत कमाई वो अपनी मेहनत और दिमाग़ से या फिर कु छ अनैतिक तरीक़ों से? हालाँकि यूट्यूब ट्राफ़िक उसे सलाम करता है जिसने धन

Superstition: Dipping one’s hands in boiling oil to prove one’s innocence was a practice prevalent in some pockets of Gujarat’s
with low literacy levels. Recently, A WOMAN suffered burns after she was compelled by neighbours to dip her hands in boiling
affair. She was married at the age of 13. Her husband is also illiterate, drives salt trucks- said “I did not want my wife to put he
the majority of the neighbours. This is the custom of our community to prove innocence”. As SP/IPS how will you address this
जातियों में किसी व्यक्ति का सच या झूठ पकड़ने के लिए उसे गर्म तेल में हाथ डलवाए जाते हैं। एक ग़रीब अनपढ़ महिला, जिसका बाल विवाह हुआ था, उसपर उसके पड़ोसियों ने ग़ैर मर्दों के
तेल में हाथ डलवाए। उसका पति कहेता है, “मैं नहीं चाहता था मेरी पत्नी अपनी निर्दोषता साबित करने के लिए गर्म तेल में हाथ डाले लेकिन सामाजिक दबाव में मुझे मूक-प्रेक्षक बन कर ये
कु रिवाजो/कु रूढ़ियों से कै से लड़ेंगे]

Statistical Apathy: Health minister replied in Rajya Sabha, “During Corona- NO DEATH due to lack of oxygen have been specific
Points to Consider: when the hospital administration send a report/email/pdf/death certificate to the government authorities
oxygen cylinder”. At maximum the report will save person died because of Corona related complications. So when such statisti
is inevitable that there will be no mention of “Died due to lack of oxygen cylinder”. Thus, statistical data cannot reveal the true
are designed with proper logical reasoning, and compassion for the victims instead of as a mechanical /manual /mathematica
ऑक्सीजन सिलेंडर की तंगी/ क़िल्लत के चलते किसी की मौत हुई हूँ ऐसा कोई आंकड़ा राज्य सरकारों से हमें नहीं मिला!” वॉर करने वाली बात है कि जब अस्पतालों द्वारा सरकार को मृत
जहाँ ये लिखा जा सके गी “ऑक्सीजन सिलेंडर की क़िल्लत में मौत हुई थी”। डॉक्टर ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा मृत्यु प्रमाण पत्र में लिख देंगे की “ कोरोना के चलती आयी स्वास्थ्य समस्या में व्यक्ति की
अनुकं पा को ध्यान में नहीं रखा जाए और के वल मशीनी रूप से डेटा एकत्रित करने के लिए फ़ॉर्म बनायी जाए तो हमें कई समस्याओं का पता नहीं चल सकता।]
Medieval history: ARCHAEOLOGICAL Survey of India (ASI) has removed plaques in Rajsamand district’s Rakta Talai that said Ra
battle with Mughal emperor Akbar in 1576. Rajput community had claimed the plaques contained “historically wrong” inform
हटा दिया जिसमें ये लिखा था मुग़ल बादशाह अक़बर के ख़िलाफ़ युद्ध में महाराणा प्रताप की फ़ौज ने पीछे हट की थी।]
G-7 LEADERS proposed Build Back Better World (B3W). To counter China’s rising influence across 100-plus countries through B
THE US Senate passed law to ban the import of products from China's Xinjiang region, to punish China for its ongoing genocid
जीन जियांग प्रांत से आने वाले सामान की आयात पर अमेरिकी सेनेट ने लगाया प्रतिबंध क्योंकि वहाँ मुसलमानों का नरसंहार को रहा है

India’s Afghanistan investment / Soft Diplomacy: 1) SALMA DAM: in Herat province (2016). Also known as the Afghan-India F
Zaranj is located close to Afghanistan’s border with Iran. This highway is meant to provide access to Indian exports in Afghanis
Chabahar port. 3) Afghan Parliament in Kabul was built by India at $90 million. 4) STOR PALACE building for offices of minister
mines, are fitted with India-made Jaipur Foot. अफ़ग़ानिस्तान में भारत ने ये सब चीज़ों में निवेश किया है ताकि उनके लोगों का विश्वास संपादन और सके
Appointment Rajya Sabha: १) BJP leader Piyush Goyal appointed the Leader of the House in the Rajya Sabha. He replaced Tha
Governor of Karnataka। २) Union Minister Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi appointed as Deputy Leader of the House in the Rajya Sabha
Leader of the House in Rajya Sabha. [ राज्यसभा में सदन के नेता के रूप में पीयूष गोयल की नियुक्ति]
Appointment: NEPAL- new PRIME Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba. क्या नेपाल में राजनीतिक प्रचंड धमाल का अंत हो गया?
Book: Economist Kaushik Basu’s Policymaker’s Journal: From New Delhi to Washington DC
Book: Journalist Vir Sanghvi his biography: A Rude Life.
Death: Actress Surekha Sikri: Famous for Govind Nihalani’s Tamas and Shyam Benegal’s Mammo, which won her National Film
Death: DANISH SIDDIQUI, a Pulitzer Prize-winning Indian photojournalist for news agency Reuters, was killed while covering cl
Taliban.
Death: Gautam Benegal - Filmmaker, designer and artist .
Death: GIRA SARABHAI, architect, designer, founder of the National Institute of Design (NID) and creator of the Calico Museum

Corona Right to life versus religious freedom: १) THE SUPREME Court asked the Uttar Pradesh government to reconsider even
fear of a third Covid-19 wave. Health of the citizenry of India and their right to ‘life’ are paramount. All other sentiments, albei
fundamental right”. २) Uttarakhand has also stopped Kanwar Yatra. ३) Although high Covid-19 cases in Kerala, CM Pinarayi Vij
three days for celebration of Bakrid, which falls on July 21. The Indian Medical Association criticised the government decision
medical emergency. When many northern states like J&K, Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal have stopped, with a constructive se
yatras, it is unfortunate that the learned state of Kerala has taken these retrograde decisions," ४) SC also CRITICISED -“THE Ke
the citizenry… is laid bare to a nationwide pandemic discloses a sorry state of affairs. Kerala government needs to give heed to
Constitution. Pressure groups of all kinds, religious or otherwise, cannot in any manner, interfere with this most precious fund
Pradesh is at 0.02% (test positivity rate) and yet they have put restrictions. They (Kerala) are at 10%, yet allowing religious gath
राज्य सरकार ने ईद के दौरान सार्वजनिक स्थानों पर लॉकडाउन में से मुक्ति दी, सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने इसकी निंदा की है क्योंकि उत्तराखंड में कोरोना के चलते कावडयात्रा को रोका गया है]

Conjugal rights - right of the husband or the wife to the society of the other spouse. It is given in Hindu personal law, Muslim
spouse refuses cohabitation, the other spouse can move the family court seeking a decree for cohabitation. If the order of the
property. Normally, when a spouse files for divorce unilaterally, the other spouse files for restitution of conjugal rights if he or
being challenged now on the main grounds that it violative of the fundamental right to privacy and dignity. [ वैवाहिक अधिकार: यदि की
इनकार करे तो पीड़ित पक्ष अदालत में जाकर अपनी वैवाहिक अधिकारों की माँग कर सकता है। और दोषित पक्ष पर जुर्माने के रूप में अदालत संपत्ति ज़ब्ती का आदेश भी दे सकती है। भार
क़ानूनी प्रावधानों के ख़िलाफ़ शिकायत की गई है कि इससे व्यक्ति की निजता और सम्मान का उल्लंघन होता है। कि कोई व्यक्ति अपने पति या पत्नी के साथ वैवाहिक सम्बंध नहीं बनाना चाह

Filmstar in South Indian politics: 1970s: film star M G Ramachandran had used his fan base to launch the AIADMK. 2) TAMIL su
stops his political platform Tamil Makkal Mandram (because of old age and fatigue) 3) Kamal Haasan also started a political pla
भारत में फ़िल्म स्टार राजनीति में काफ़ी सफलता हासिल कर लेते है, न्रजनीकांत ने एक राजनीतिक संगठन तो बनाया था लेकिन उम्र और थकावट के चलते राजनीति से निकल जाने का फ़ै
National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)’s committee remarked- “WEST Bengal has “law of ruler” rather than "rule of law”
subjecting "thousands of its citizens to murder, rape, displacement and intimidation, etc. in the last couple of months" राष्ट्रीय मान
शासक का शासन है

Animal Welfare Board of India send a letter to Government officials in UT of JK to Stop illegal killing/sacrifices of cows/calves, c
Eid festival scheduled from 21-23 July 2021. Some Muslim leaders unhappy that such directive infringe upon their religious fre
anguish” [पशु कल्याण बोर्ड ने ई जम्मू कश्मीर के सरकारी महकमें को सूचित किया है कि बकर ईद के दौरान पशुओं के वध को रोका जाए। हालाँकि कु छ मुस्लिम नेताओं ने इस पर आ

Secularism in European Union: EU court rules that “COMPANIES MAY ban Muslim employees from wearing a headscarf. Beca
the wish to project a neutral to customers is more important than secularism. A prohibition on wearing any visible form of exp
in the workplace may be justified by the employer's need to present a neutral image towards customers or to prevent social d
पहनने से रोक सकता है अगर दुकानदार को डर लगता हो कि अन्यथा ग्राहकों में मेरी छवि निष्पक्ष नहीं रहेगी/ ग्राहक इस प्रकार के धार्मिक कर्मचारियों को देखकर दुकान से चले जाएंगे। यूरो
यूरोप में दुकानदार का धंधा/व्यवसाय का अधिकार, उसके कर्मचारी के धार्मिक स्वातंत्र्य के अधिकार से ज़्यादा महत्वपूर्ण है
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ economist Jene Dreze was running some column about “if Aadhaar card is lost then it is very difficult to get a new
about how it is possible to retrieve it / get new copy. poor cost benefit.So I am taking the risk of ignoring it.

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Kerala High Court judgement about Christian Convent Laws in Sister Lucy case. From exam point of view, poor cos
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Supreme Court on struck down certain provisions of the Tribunals Reforms (Rationalisation and Conditions of Serv
requirement of 50 for appointment as Chairperson or Members and fixing their tenure at four years. But microscopic GS deve
ignoring it. परीक्षा की तैयारी में फ़ायदे-नुक़सान के नज़रिए से मुझे ये कु छ ख़ास जम नहीं रहा इसलिए मैं इसको नज़रअंदाज़ कर रहा हूँ
China unveiled a maglev train capable of a top speed of 600 kmph - the fastest ground vehicle globally. [ चीन की मैग्लेव ट्रेन विश्व का स

Human visible light ranges from 380–700 nanometres (1 nm is a billionth part of a metre). UV radiation covers a wavelength r
UV-C (100-280 nm), UV-B (280-315 nm) and UV-A (315-400 nm). UV-A and UV-B rays from the Sun are transmitted through th
layer. UV-B rays can only reach the outer layer of our skin, can cause sunburn, and are also associated with skin cancer. UV-A r
can cause ageing of cells and indirect damage to cells’ DNA. UV-C radiation from man-made sources has been known to cause
(wavelength around 254 nm) has been used for decades to disinfect the air in hospitals, laboratories, and water treatment. Bu
they can cause health problems. IIT-Kanpur, who developed a portable disinfectant device that used UV-C radiation (222-254
developed to disinfect non-living things. UV-C radiation used in this device could be harmful to the skin and eyes of the living b
मशीन ईजाद की है IIT कानपुर ने]

Mausam, Umang, Damini, Meghdoot - name of the applications and software used by IMD for forecasting weather. An Indian
March to May (heat waves and cyclones); 2) June to September (rain and floods); 3) October to December (cyclones and rain);
Dangers of AI: voice-cloning technology - allows the computer to mimic the voice of a person. A documentary filmmaker used
has drawn criticism amid ethical concerns about use of the powerful technology that can transform text into realistic-sounding
misinformation and political conflict and riots. [ कं प्यूटर की मदद से मृत व्यक्ति के आवाज़ की नक़ल बनायी जा रही है और उसे फ़िल्म में डबिंग के लिए इस्तेमाल हो
प्रोपगेंडा/ दंगे फै लाने में दुरुपयोग हो सकता]
Dutch citizen Oliver Daemen - TO BE YOUNGEST PERSON IN SPACE. He’ll fly in BLUE ORIGIN SPACEFLIGHT with Jeff Bezos (Am
cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin (1961) [ अंतरिक्ष में जाने वाला सबसे पहला व्यक्ति और सबसे नौजवान व्यक्ति]

Hubble Space Telescope: 1) 1990- launched and Named after the astronomer Edwin Hubble. 2) Developed out more than 15 l
around 18,000 research papers. 2) captures images of deep space 3) NASA also allows anyone from the public to search the H
captured. 4) was put into ‘safe mode’, because technical problems with the Power Control Unit (PCU) [ हबल अंतरिक्ष टेलीस्कोप तकनीकी
Space tourism: Amazon Founder Jeff Bezo’s Blue Origin’s New Shepard rocket for space travel. Unlike virgin Galactic companie
pilot. But Jeff Bezos’ rocket is completely automated and required no official staff on board for the up-and-down flight, It reac
than Branson’s plane. [अंतरिक्ष पर्यटन के लिए जेफ़ बिजोस का नया यान, जिसमें पायलट की ज़रूरत नहीं होती वह अपने आप उड़ता है और उतरता है]
RBI allows retail investors to open ‘Retail Direct Gilt Account’ (RDG Account) with the RBI they can directly purchase the G-sec
without requiring an intermediary Mutual fund. 🤩 this will help deepening the G-Sec market with greater participation of retai
प्रतिभूतियों को ख़रीद सके इस प्रकार का RDG अकाउंट/ खाता खोलने की रिज़र्व बैंक ने अनुमति दी है।]
Elephant reserves in Chhattisgarh: 1) Lemru is a planned elephant reserves in Chhattisgarh to prevent human-animal conflict in
Chhattisgarh from Odisha and Jharkhand. Its area was then proposed to be 450 sq km. 2) Badalkhol Tamorpingla, the other ele
हाथियों के संरक्षण के लिए कु छ आरक्षित विस्तार]
Judicial ethics: West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee challenged the Assembly poll result in Nandigram in Calcutta Hig
Chanda, who was previously a lawyer associated with BJP. So, Mamta Banerjee filed a plea seeking his recusal and pointing to
himself but he also imposed a penalty of five lakh rupees on Mamta for “calculated psychological offensives and vilification ad
that a Judge having a past association with a political party as a lawyer should not receive a case involving the said political pa
Judge with a political party by itself cannot form apprehension of bias. It would be destructive to the long-lived and deep-root
delivery system and lead to the unfair practice of Bench hunting to resist a fair adjudication by an unscrupulous litigant” ( नंदीग्राम
बारे में कलकत्ता हाई कोर्ट में अर्ज़ी डाली थी जिसकी सुनवाई न्यायाधीश कौशिक चंदा करने वाले थे। किं तु बाद में ममता बनर्जी ने एक और अर्ज़ी डाली की कौशिक चंदा हाइ कोर्ट के न्याया
उन्होंने इस के स से अपने को दूर कर देना चाहिए। हालाँकि न्यायाधीश कौशिक जनता ने ख़ुद को इस के स से दूर तो किया, लेकिन ममता बनर्जी पर पाँच लाख रुपये का जुर्माना लगाया है क्
थे इसकी बुनियाद पर उसकी निष्पक्षता के बारे में संदेह खड़े करना अयोग्य है।)
Racism in sports: British football fans start a riot, defaced a mural of footballer Marcus Rashford (A non-White footballer) after
Championship against Italy. However, British football fan is not the first to cross over the line from fandom to nuisance, nor w
just victory and loss, or billions of ad revenues — but also identity and partisanship, narratives of nationalism and racism. ( फ़ु टबॉ
फ़ु टबॉल टीम के अश्वेत खिलाड़ी की दिवार चित्रों पर काली स्याही/गालियाँ लिख दी, दंगे फ़साद कीये। खेल कू द में इस प्रकार की वंशीय-हिंसा चिंता का विषय।)

Social media- damaging reputations: Activist Saket Gokhale posted a series of tweets about property purchased by Ex-Diploma
Minister Nirmala Sitaraman in the tweets while seeking an enforcement directorate (ED) inquiry. Delhi High Court ordered him
diplomat had disclosed the property purchases to the higher authority so that is no impropriety, 2) desecration of the reputati
age of social media. “All that is needed is the opening of a social media account and, thereafter, the posting of messages on th
thousands of times and in the process, reputation of the man who is targeted becomes mud. 3) Tagging the Finance Minister i
cannot be used to serve as notice to the minister regarding issues. ( ट्विटर पर एक आंदोलनकारी ने भूतपूर्व राजदूत के स्विट्ज़रलैंड में मकान ख़रीदने के बारे
माँग की। दिल्ली हाईकोर्ट ने पाया कि प्रथम दृष्ट्या इस मामले में राजदूत ने कु छ ग़लत किया ऐसा लगता नहीं, इसलिए दिल्ली हाईकोर्ट ने आदेश दिया है- १) आंदोलनकारी को अपने ट्वीट डिली
नागरिक की शिकायत का संज्ञान लेने के लिए बाध्य नहीं है। क़ानून रूप से नागरिक ने पत्राचार / ईमेल द्वारा औपचारिक रूप से मंत्री को शिकायत करनी चाहिए।)

Police Ethics: Police Officers face two kinds of accusations — A) they’re not doing any action; and B) they’re doing extreme acti
(extrajudicial killings) etc. Desirable- professiona, just, natural action. Therefore instead of applying 3rd degree torture on the
officer should gather Scientific evidence of crime e.g. call records, GPS location, CCTV footage, thumb impression, specimen sig
20(3) of the Constitution guarantees the right against self-incrimination, which means that no person accused of any offence s
But, Supreme Court has held in several rulings that while collection of thumb impression, specimen signature, blood, hair, sem
However, accused cannot be subject to involuntary administration of forensic techniques for improving investigation efforts in
detector tests, truth serum or narco-analysis. ( पुलिस अफ़सरों पर दो प्रकार के लिए जाम लगाए जाते हैं नागरिकों द्वारा किया तो पुलिस कु छ काम नहीं कर रही है या
का नक़ली एनकाउंटर कर दिया जाए अपराधी को थर्ड डिग्री टॉर्चर/यातना देकर ज़बरन उसे बयान लिया जाए। असल में पुलिस ने पेशेवर तरीक़े से वैज्ञानिक जाँच तकनीक को जैसे CCTV
चाहिए। संविधान में हरेक अभियुक्त मौलिक अधिकार है कि उसे अपराध के स्वयं स्वीकार लिए बयान देने के लिए मजबूर नहीं किया जा सकता। अभियुक्त पर फॉरेंसिक तकनीकों जैसे लाई डि
सहमति के , एसे टेस्ट नहि कीए जा सकते।)

School value inculcation: Pakistan Authorities have confiscated copies of a school textbook in Punjab province for printing the
list of important personalities. Pakistan government is apparently unhappy with Malala over her comments regarding many is
perhaps to appease the hardliner political allies. Points to consider? When the government itself is hellbent to modify the scho
population will be full of intolerance and hatred towards liberal values, respect for women, respect for dissenting views. ( नोबेल
मामलों पर कु छ बयानों से पाकिस्तान के नेताओं तथा कट्टर वादियों को आपत्ति है। पाकिस्तान के पंजाब प्रांत में स्कू ल की किताबों में मलाला युसूफजई का नाम महत्वपूर्ण व्यक्तियों की सूची
वादियों का तुष्टिकरण करने के लिए स्कू ली किताबों/ इतिहास लेखन इत्यादि में छेड़-छाड़ भविष्य की पीढ़ी को कट्टरवादी बनाता है- और यह चीज़ सामाजिक सहिष्णुता, महिला सम्मान इत्यादि
Port: Jawaharlal Nehru Port or JNPT in Mumbai is facing problems of congestion. So, the Gujarat government has been plannin
address the problem of shipping infrastructure deficit in the region.
SCO vs Taliban: Shanghai cooperation Organisation: members - China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, P
— Iran, Afghanistan, Mongolia and Belarus. SCO position in Afghanistan 1) China-Russia did not oppose US intervention in Afg
America’s immediate goal of ousting al Qaeda. 2) Presently China and Russia happy with America humiliation in Afghanistan. 3
retreat from Afghanistan - negative security implications for China and Russia as well because Taliban may support the terror g
have given verbal assurance that they will respect the borders and internal matters of the neighbouring countries but their pre
leaders not always in cordial terms with Pakistan, have some border disputes etc. So, enemies-enemy-is-my friend logic pe the
शंघाई सहयोग संस्थान के बड़े सदस्य चीन और रूस वैसे तो 2001 में अमरीका के अफ़ग़ानिस्तान आक्रमण से ख़ुश थे क्योंकि वे भी तालिबान का ख़ात्मा चाहते थे. किं तु जब 2021 में अ
चीन के लिए भविष्य में समस्या है क्योंकि उनके स्थानीय आतंकी समूह को तालिबान मदद कर सकता है।
Amartya Sen’s new book: “Home in the World". He won Nobel Prize in Economics in 1998. He teaches at Harvard University.
Death: Dr Panayambally Krishnakutty Warrier – renowned Ayurveda practitioner from Kerala
Death: Cricketer Yashpal Sharma from 1983 World Cup. ( पूर्व क्रिके टर यशपाल शर्मा का निधन)
Novak Djokovic won the Australian Open in February, the French Open in June. Finally won Wimbledon title for a sixth time in
विजेता जोकोविच]
Cow slaughter ban: A NEW Bill to protect cattle tabled in the Assam Legislative Assembly. It prohibits beef-trade in areas “pred
non beef-eating communities”, or “within a radius of 5 km of any temple or sattra (Vaishnavite monasteries). [ असम में नया गौ-हत्या
बिक्री पर प्रतिबंध। इसी प्रकार से मंदिर के पाँच किलोमीटर विस्तार में भी कत्लखाने/ गौ मांस बिक्री पर प्रतिबंध]

Population control: Uttar Pradesh Population (Control, Stabilisation and Welfare) Bill, 2021, proposes that any citizen who “vio
contesting local bodies polls , applying for government jobs, getting promotion in government jobs, and even receiving govern
Uttar Pradesh has been falling to 2.7 in a decade, even before taking such coercive measures. 2) critics argue that coercive me
instigating political religious colors. 3) shortage of health infrastructure. Vasectomy/tubectomy conducted in unhygienic condi
आबादी नियंत्रण विधेयक जिसमें दो से अधिक बच्चों वाले नागरिकों को स्थानीय चुनाव नहीं लड़ने दिए जाएंगे, सरकारी नौकरी में भर्ती /बहाली /पदोन्नति में मनाई, सरकारी योजनाओं में सब्सि
किसी प्रकार की दंडात्मक कदमों के बावजूद भी उत्तर प्रदेश में धीरे धीरे आबादी नियंत्रण में आ रही है लेकिन अनावश्यक रूप से धार्मिक राजनीति खेलने के लिए इस प्रकार के कानूनों को

Small states demand: ‘Kongu Nadu’, the informal name for western part of the Tamilnadu. Although ‘Kongu Nadu’ is neither a
any region. It is a commonly used name for part of western Tamil Nadu. In Tamil literature, it was referred to as one of the five
mentions of ‘Kongu Nadu’ in Sangam literature as a separate territory. New political controversy / allegation that BJP may be t
We need not apply too much brain here unless you are a candidate from Tamil Nadu and going to appear for the UPSC intervie
शब्द प्रयोग होता है। यह अलग राज्य बनाने के मामले में राजनीतिक पक्षों में विवाद चल रहा है। हालाँकि इसमें बहूत दिमाग़ ख़र्च करने का फ़ायदा नहीं है सिवाय कि आप इस इलाक़े के निवा

Sedition: “criminal law, including anti-terror legislation, should not be misused for quelling dissent or for the harassment of citi
majoritarian institution to protect the rights of socio-economic minorities. While it is important that prisons are de-congested
hotspots for the virus, it is equally important to examine why prisons are congested in the first place. The criminal law, includi
quelling dissent or for the harassment of citizens,” - SUPREME COURT Judge Justice D Y Chandrachud ( भारतीय जेलों में अपराधियों की ज़्या
विषय यह भी है कि जेल में अपराधियों की संख्या इतनी ज़्यादा क्यूँ है? क्योंकि कई बार सरकार विरोधी आंदोलनकारियों को भी राजद्रोह के मामले में गिरफ़्तार करके जेल भरी जाती है। राज
ऐसी सब बातें सुप्रीम कोर्ट के न्यायाधीश चंद्र्चूड ने कही)

Speaker in Vidhan Sabha: MAHARASHTRA Legislative Assembly has been without a Speaker for most of this year. 2021: it conc
a Speaker. The Maharashtra Chief Minister has responded that A) election to the Speaker’s post would be held at an appropria
Article 93 for Lok Sabha and Article 178 for state Assemblies state that these Houses “shall, as soon as may be”, choose two of
But, Constitution and the Assembly rules do not specify a time-frame for filling a vacancy in the post of Speaker. [ महाराष्ट्र विधानसभा
दिया है कि संविधान में कोई समय सीमा तय नहीं है कि कब तक स्पीकर का स्थान भरा जाये।]
Deputy Speaker: The tradition for the post of the Deputy Speaker going to the Opposition party started during the term of Prim
years, Deputy Speaker position has been given to ruling party allies rather than to opposition party.[ प्रधानमंत्री मोरारजी देसाई के समय से
वर्तमान वर्षों में शासक पक्ष के साथी पक्षों को ये पद दिया जा रहा है।]
Guillain–Barré syndrome - rare neuro-logical disease. Johnson & Johnson’s coronavirus vaccine can lead to an increased risk of
India Patient Zero - A 21-YEAR-OLD from Kerala's Thrissur district, who was India's first recorded case of Covid-19, has again te
Lesson? Corona antibodies are not permanent ( भारत में जिसे सबसे पहली बार कोरोना हुआ था वह के रल की लड़की को वापस कोरोना हो गया है क्योंकि उसने अ
Ultraviolet UV-C Disinfection Technology, developed by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). It is essentially
auditoriums, large conference rooms, class-rooms, malls etc. It will be installed in the Parliament building. ( पराबैंगनी किरणो द्वारा हवा को
में संसद भवन में लगाया जाएगा)
Indian female astronaut: Sirisha Bandla, vice president of Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic, became the third woman of Indian
and Sunita Williams — to fly to space. [ अवकाश यात्रा करने वाली तीसरी भारतीय महिला]

Space tourism / suborbital flight: Virgin Group founder Richard Branson and five others undertook a brief trip to the “edge of s
altitude of 85 km from Earth before returning. Such a trip is called a “suborbital flight”. Amazon’s Jeff Bezos also planned simil
allows space travellers to experience a few minutes of “weightlessness”. At Branson’s Virgin Galactic, around 600 people have
to $250,000 (Rs 1.86 crore).[अवकाश के छोर तक/ पृथ्वी से क़रीब 85 किलोमीटर के अंतर पर हवाईयात्रा को ‘उपकक्षीय यात्रा’ कहा जाता है। अरबपति रिचर्ड ब्रैनसन तथा जे
हैं।]
Robotics: Italian Companies using robots such as ABB2, Quantek2 etc for carving sculptures from Marbles.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has said unpaid and matured fixed deposits should be offered savings bank rates. E.g.
accounts, while one year FD rates carry a rate of 5 per cent. This means an unclaimed matured one year fixed deposit will get
MSME Ministry announced inclusion of retail and wholesale trader under MSMEs definition. So now such 2.5 crore traders wil
RBI guidelines. खुदरा व्यापारी और थोक व्यापारियों को भी MSME की व्याख्या में गिना जाएगा ताकि उन्हें भी प्राथमिक क्षेत्र के ऋण मानक कोटे में लोन मिल सके

Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC): it will be a set of rules guidelines/protocols based on which e-commerce compan
on boarding sellers on the marketplace, how much commission to charge from sellers on the marketplace, product catalogue
handling etc. Commerce ministry’s Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) set up a committee to sug
monopolies” by amazon etc 2) protect the vendors and customers on marketplace platforms like Amazon. “ डिजिटल वाणिज्य के लिए
का पंजीकरण, विक्रे ताओं पर लगने वाली फ़ीस, वस्तुओं की क़ीमतें तथा वर्णन, ग्राहक सुरक्षा इत्यादि के लिए सरकार नियम बनाने जा रही है ताकि विक्रे ता और ग्राहक दोनों के हितों की रक्षा

National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority allowed a one-time increase of 50% in the prices of three drugs — carbamazepine, r
availability. Excessive price control discourages the pharmaceutical companies from manufacturing the drug because they fee
economic survey had also found that sometimes government intervention in the free market causes more harm than benefit.
बिक्री मूल्य क़ानूनी रूप से तय कर करती थी किन्तु इसे फार्मास्युटिकल कं पनियों के मुनाफ़े पर असर होता था और कु छ बार दवाई बनाने वाली कम्पनियां उस दवाई का उत्पादन ही बंद क
इस NPPA संस्था ने तीन दवाइयों के दामों में 50 प्रतिशत दाम बढ़ोतरी की अनुमति दी है
Bengal Monitor Lizard under the Wildlife Protection Act 1972 of India comes under Schedule 1 protected species . But illegal p
meat/oil can increase sexual power. बंगाल मॉनिटर छिपकली वन्यजीव संरक्षण अधिनियम क़ानून के अंतर्गत एक संरक्षित प्रजाति है।
TROPICAL STORM ELSA @Cuba.
GHG: EU plans to impose higher tax rate for polluting aviation fuels to meet a target to reduce EU greenhouse gas emissions b
और ज़्यादा टैक्स लगाएगा यूरोपियन यूनियन ताकि वायु प्रदूषण, तथा जलवायु परिवर्तन से लड़ा जा सके
Climate change impact on USA: Few months back people died because of heavy snowfall and electricity outage (so they could
again people dying because of severe heat waves. If a developed nation such as USA unable to protect the lives one can only i
countries during the severe climatic events. ( अमेरिका में पहले शीत लहर में लोग मर गये और अब ग्रीष्म लहर में लोग मर रहे हैं)
GHG: Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) institute has developed an anti-methanogenic feed supplement, called ‘Ha
methane emissions by 17-20 per cent, but also results in higher milk production and bodyweight gain. 2) Methane is produced
stomachs, where the plant material they eat- gets fermented / broken down by microorganisms prior to further digestion and
leads to production of CO2 and hydrogen. These are used by archaea – microbes in the rumen to produce methane 4) animals
Harit Dhara feed acts by decreasing the population of protozoa microbes in the rumen. It is made up of Tropical plants contain
compounds – are known to suppress or remove protozoa from the rumen. 6) CATTLE, BUFFALOES, sheep and goats in India em
methane annually – a sizable proportion of the around 90 mt methane emitted by livestock across the world. This is a cause fo
potent greenhouse gas. जुगाली करने वाले जानवर की पाचन क्रिया से बोहोत ज़्यादा मिथेन गैस उत्सर्जित होता है. जिससे जलवायु परिवर्तन की समस्या और गंभीर बनती है. IC
पर पशुओं के पाचन क्रिया से मीथेन का उत्सर्जन कम होता है, और साथ ही साथ दूध उत्पादन में भी बढ़ोतरी होती है.

Naxalism: in Chhattisgarh, State government created Pota Cabin Schools (named so because they are made of pota or bamboo
because of the corona they went back to families and due to lack of Internet, E-learning is not accessible. 😰 Government is af
recruits Child soldiers/human shields for the Naxalite propaganda. As IAS/IPS how will you address this challenge? छत्तीसगढ़ राज्य
वापस परिवार के पास चले गए। वहाँ इंटरनेट की सुविधा नहीं तो पढ़ाई लिखाई कु छ हो नहीं रही। और नक्सलवादियों के समूह में वे जुड़ जाएंगे ऐसा डर है। IAS IPS के रूप में आप इसका

Journalistic ethics: Surendra Chakraborty was facing evication from rental home in Lucknow. Local journalist instigated him to
Vidhan Sabha so that matter will be sensationalise in news and he will get justice. Police arrested the journalist and Allahabad
because “journalist is not expected to dramatise a “sensational and horrifying incident” and create news by putting the life of
the anticipated or sudden events happening in the society and brings them to the information of all the people through variou
same time he should not become an instigator or remain silent spectator when human life is in danger. लखनऊ में एक किरायेदार को घ
सामने आत्मदाह करो मैं TV पर दिखाऊं गा और फिर तुम्हें इंसाफ़ मिलेगा। पुलिस ने पत्रकार को गिरफ़्तार किया पर हाईकोर्ट ने भी उस पत्रकार को ज़मानत देने से इनकार किया है कि तुमने

Greed at the cost of human life: POLICE arrested nine people from Uttar Pradesh for supplying chalk powder in place of parace
of Diu-Daman. Previously to scamsters in Uttar Pradesh have been found preparing synthetic milk from urea. The problem of m
prevented if adulteration of medicines and food products continue unabatedly. उत्तर प्रदेश के मिलावटखोर गिरफ़्तार क्योंकि वे की दवाई की जगह
जीत सकते यदि दवाई और खाद्य पदार्थों में ऐसी मिलावटखोरी अनियंत्रित रूप से चलती रहे। यानी कि मानव विकास में बाधाए सरकारी योजना के भ्रष्टाचार और सब्सिडी ग़बन से तो आती
डालती है।

Civil service Values / neutrality / bias: In the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)-the chairperson
Central or State governments or any company in the insurance sector for a period of two years after tenure. However Indian e
joined insurance company boards. This type of relationship and post retirement perks are a matter of concern because then th
insurance companies with soft glove approach hoping for post-retirement job opportunities. नियमों के हिसाब से बीमा क्षेत्र नियंत्रक IRDAI के
सरकार या बीमा कं पनियों में नौकरी नहीं स्वीकार करनी चाहिए किन्तु कु छ ऐसा कर रहे हैं। अगर इस प्रणाली को नज़रअंदाज़ किया गया तो डर है कि भविष्य में बीमा नियंत्रक के उच्च अफ़स
बीमा कं पनियों के साथ पेश नहीं आएंगे उन बीमा कं पनियों को नियमों का उल्लंघन करने देंगे।

Civil service anonymity: HOME MINISTER Amit Shah advised Indian Police Service probationers to avoid social media and not c
urge to seek publicity hinders work... Although it is difficult to stay away from social media in the present times, police officers
सिविल सेवाओं की अनामिता- “एक अफ़सर ने अख़बार या सोशल मीडिया में वाहवाही लूटने की चाहत के बिना पर्दे के पीछे काम करना चाहिए।“ एसी गृह मंत्री ने नई IPS अफ़सरों को सला
Civil service neutrality: ENFORCEMENT Directorate has claimed former Maharashtra home minister Anil Deshmukh had “a role
He held informal meetings and prepared an “unofficial list”. When the minister starts transferring police officers based on favo
police officer to work in an honest and impartial manner. प्रवर्तन निदेशालय ने पाया कि महाराष्ट्र के भूतपूर्व गृह मंत्री ने पुलिस अफ़सरों के साथ गुप्त वार्तालाप के
भतीजावाद के आधार पर पुलिस के तबादले किए जाए तो फिर भी वे ईमानदारी और बिना पक्षपात के काम करेंगे ऐसा मानना मुश्किल।
International ethics: US and the EU have accused China of committing genocide against Uighurs Muslims in Xinjiang. However
country accepts the “Chinese version” of events regarding the Uighurs (i.e. China has not committed any genocide or human r
skill development” of the Muslims). Points to consider: 1) Pakistan authorities repeatedly accused India for alleged atrocities a
of funding/ money/ loans from China, the Pakistani Prime Minister has chosen to turn blind eye to the plight of minorities in C
choose to become vocal or mute under human rights violations in Myanmar, Tibet, Syria, SriLanka, Crimea, Iraq etc. 3) Thus, in
rights” is driven less by the actual compassion for weaker section and more so depending on how it is suiting the strategic inte
हैं कि वो अल्पसंख्यक मुसलमान वो का जीन जियांग प्रांत में शोषण करते हैं मानवाधिकारों का उल्लंघन करते हैं किन्तु पाकिस्तान के प्रधानमंत्री ने कहा है कि “ हम पश्चिमी देशों की इन बातो
करते हैं।” (क्योंकि पाकिस्तान को चीन से पैसों की मदद चाहिए) यानी कि अंतरराष्ट्रीय रिश्तों में मानवाधिकार की बात वास्तव में लोगों के प्रति करुणा से नहीं, किन्तु अन्य देश के साथ अच्
रही है।

Drug Addiction: American athlete Richardson started smoking weed to forget the pain of her grandmother’s death. She failed
She is trying to justify herself on twitter, “I am human. news of my grandmother’s death, put me in a ‘state of emotional panic
in some states of USA marijuana weed legalised as a recreational drug. 2) weed smoking weed is shown to be a normal funny
in USA. Tech Entrepreneurs like Elon Musk also glorify it by smoking weed in live-web programs. 3) When American Society is
youngsters will fall prey to drug addiction. 4) there are many healthy ways to cope up with the death of a loved one- including
philosophical books etc. 5) Yet person with weak willpower/weak-character look out for excuses to use alcohol and drugs sayi
in business/ sharemarket/PubG, so it is normal for me to take alcohol and drugs because I am just a human." “ मेरी दादी मर गई उसके
ओलंपिक मेडिकल डोपिंग टेस्ट में मुझे बर्खास्त किया गया है, किं तु मैं के वल एक मनुष्य ही हूँ इसलिए मुझसे ये गलती हुई है”- ऐसी चिकनी चुपड़ी सफ़ाई अमेरिका की एक महिला खिलाड़ी
गांजा फूं कना अमेरिकी फ़िल्मों में एक सामान्य वस्तु के रूप में दिखाया जाता है। इलोंन मस्क जैसे मशहूर उधोगपति भी खुद के गंजेड़ी होने पर गौरवान्वित महसूस करते हैं और इसका महिमा
तो नशेड़ी बनना आम बात है. किसी प्रियजन के निधन का दुःख/शोक स्वस्थ-रूप से मनाने के कई तरीक़े हैं जैसे प्रार्थना, प्रभु भक्ति, समाज सेवा, ध्यान चिंतन, मनन, पठन इत्यादि। किन्तु
इसलिए मैं दुखी हूँ इसलिए मैं नशा करूँ गा" इस प्रकार के तरीक़े के वल कमज़ोर इच्छाशक्ति और कमज़ोर चरित्र के लोग ही इस्तेमाल करते हैं। 

Compassion for the weaker section: Malaysia- white flag campaign #benderaputih campaign. Rising number of suicides becau
Social media celebrities/ activists urged distressed persons to hoist a white flag on their window, to signal they needed immed
embarrassed.” Then volunteers will go to their house to provide food and other necessities. ग़रीब/कमज़ोर वर्ग के लिए अनुकं पा: मलेशिया में को
की। तो सोशल मीडिया में ऐसी मुहिम चली - ज़रूरत मंद व्यक्ति अपने घर की खिड़की पर सफ़े द कपड़ा यह झंडा लगा दें कि “मुझे मदद की आवश्यकता है”, तो फिर अलग अलग सेवाभावी
“Phuket sandbox” programme- foreign tourist in Thailand’s Phuket island will be allowed to roam the entire island, instead of
विश्व भर में स्थल के रूप में याद रखना है तो
Taal volcano: Philippines: one of the world’s smallest active volcanoes. ज्वालामुखी
Sir Chettur Sankaran Nair (1957-1934), a Madras High Court lawyer and judge best known for a courtroom battle he fought in
Michael O’Dwyer, Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab at the time of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. Karan Johar making biopic mo
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Taliban capture more districts after the withdrawal of American troops. UPSC Mains-2021 exam is scheduled in Ja
developments will occur. So, we need not do Ball-by-ball commentary at the present time.

Drones as security challenge 1) 2020: Irani General assassinated by US drone attack, Houthi Rebels attached oil-fields of Saudi
drones for smuggling weapons, ammunition and narcotic drugs on Indian border. 3) 2021-June: Drone used for improvised exp
Types of drones: 1) Quadhexacopter drones can carry payloads over 15 kg. so much explosives can cause extensive damage. 2
surveillanceSolution? 1) Shoot down the drones with rifles. but it is easier said than done. Requires expert marksmanship, and
during night. 2) DRDO anti-drone system (2019) has has capabilities for hardkill (destroying a drone with lasers) and softkill (ja
आक्रमण: 2020 में ईरान के जनरल कि ड्रोन आक्रमण में हत्या तथा सऊदी अरब के कच्चे तेल की खदानों पर हमला. 2021 मैं जम्मू में भारतीय वायु सेना के ठिकाने पर ड्रोन से हमला.
PAKISTAN Army has formally inducted the first batch of the China-made VT-4 battle tanks into its armoury. चीनी टैंक/बख्तर-गाड़ियां पा
General Bipin Rawat, Chief of Defence Staff, described the Air Force as a “support arm” but IAF chief Air Chief Marshal RKS Bh
जनरल बिपिन रावत ने कहा कि वायुसेना वो सिर्फ़ एक “सहायक अंग” है, जिस पर वायु सेना के चीफ़ मार्शल ने असहमति जतायी कि वायुसेना की अपनी एक बहुत बड़ी प्रमुख भूमिका है
US Child Soldiers Prevention Act requires publication in the annual list of foreign governments that have recruited or used chil
Myanmar, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Mali, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, Syria, Venezuela and Yeme
equipments to such nations. अमरीका का बाल सैनिक प्रतिबंध क़ानून जिसके अंतर्गत यदि कोई देश की सरकार ‘बाल सैनिकों’ का उपयोग करती है तो अमरीकी सरकार उसे
भी सूची में आ गया है।
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Pak accuses India of carrying out blast near home of Jamaat-udDawa chief Hafiz Saeed as “Indiasponsored terroris
important for the scope of exam

“Tit-for-Tat/Vaccine imperialism/ racial prejudice”: European Union (EU) Digital Covid Certificate framework (Vaccine passport
approved by the EU—Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca, and Janssen. Then he will be allowed to move freely. Indian vaccines such
Indian government threatened that European nationals’ firangi vaccine certificates will not be accepted while allowing them e
arrogance of European union ⏬ and then they agreed to accept Indian vaccines in the passport list. यूरोपियन यूनियन भारत द्वारा बनायी ग
भारत सरकार ने भी अनौपचारिक रूप से धमकी दी कि फिरंगी वैक्सीन लिए यूरोपीय लोगों को भारत में प्रवेश नहीं देंगे। तो अब यूरोपियन यूनियन की हेकड़ी/घमंड चला गया है और अब वो

India-Turkey relations: 1) Turkey had joined the NATO military mission in Afghanistan but Turkey avoided any combat role. It c
police forces. 2) Turkey’s good relations with both Afghanistan and Pakistan have also given space for Turkey to present itself
3) Turkey’s Islamist internationalism under Recep Tayyip Erdogan has led to Turkey’s deeper alliance with Pakistan- India not h
like the Muslim Brotherhood that seek to overthrow moderate governments in the Middle East. India is having good relations
exercise with Greece in the Mediterranean to give little indirect warning to Turkey ki “tum limit raho otherwise we can also co
सैनिक भेजे किन्तु वे तालिबान से सीधी लड़ाई नहीं करते तुर्की सैनिक के वल अफ़ग़ानी सैनिकों को प्रशिक्षण तालीम देते। तुर्की पाकिस्तान तथा अफ़ग़ानिस्तान के बीच मध्यस्थ की भूमिका भी
मैत्रीपूर्ण रिश्तों से भारत ख़ुश नहीं है। भारतीय नौसेना ने ग्रीस के साथ नौसेना युद्धाभ्यास किया ताकि तुर्की को पता चले कि उसके पड़ोस में भारत भी आ सकता है यदि वह (तुर्की) भारत के
को ही नमस्कार करते हैं गुलाब का फू ल देके हदय परिवर्तन नहीं हो सकता
Imperialism: Canada- 1,000 unmarked graves of children found at former Catholic Church schools during the colonial times. Pe
genocide/ sexual abuse etc. Dave also called for cancelling the Canada Day celebrations. Canada tries to present a very moder
there are dirty skeletons in its cupboard as well. ( कनाडा में 1000 से ज़्यादा मूलनिवासी बच्चों की क़ब्र पाई गई। क्या उपनिवेशीकरण वाले अंग्रेजों के ज़माने में उन
रहे हैं। अंतरराष्ट्रीय रिश्तों में Canada काफ़ी शांतिप्रिय होने का दिखावा तो करता है किन्तु उसका भी भूतकाल मलीन है.)
Death: Delia ‘Didi’ Contractor —self-taught architect, associated with Himachal Pradesh
Sania Mirza- only Indian woman tennis player to participate in four Olympics.
Olympic: Indian flag bearers for the opening ceremony- 1) Boxer M C Mary Kom and mens hockey team skipper Manpreet Sing
Vaccine compulsion: Manipur state government had prohibited unvaccinated people from going out of their homes. Vaccinate
purchasing groceries etc. GAUHATI High Court has termed this as "unreasonable", "arbitrary" । टीकाकरण अनिवार्यता/जबरन टीकाकरण: मणिपु
बाहर नहीं निकल सकता” हाईकोर्ट ने इसे अतार्कि क बताया है।

Small states political instability: Uttarakhand CM Rawat resigns. Pushkar Singh Dhami on was sworn in as 11th Chief Minister o
in jut last four months! Frequent change in the chief minister hampers the public administration development administration
experts kept saying smaller the state-better the administration. उत्तराखंड में पिछले चार महीनों में तीसरा मुख्यमंत्री बदला गया इस प्रकार की राजनीतिक अ
एक ज़माने में कु छ विशेषज्ञ बड़े राज्यों को छोटे छोटे राज्यों में बाँट देना चाहिए ताकि प्रशासन अच्छे से काम कर सके किन्तु उत्तराखंड की राजनीतिक अस्थिरता उनकी इस थियरी को ग़ल
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ 1) Death of Father Stan Swamy in judicial 2) Congress party toolkit case pe daily 500 jaat ke columns
ICT Technology and demographic dividend: PM Modi said, “This decade will be India’s ‘techade’. Data and demographic divide
द्वारा एक और जुमला- वर्तमान दशक ‘डेके ड’ भारत के लिए ‘टेके ड’ साबित होगा 
Zydus Cadila company’s ZyCov-D - world’s first DNA COVID vaccine. It is a vaccine that uses a genetically engineered, non-repli
a ‘plasmid’. 2) Vaccination gives the code to cells in the recipient’s body, so they can begin making the spike protein. 3) will be
between each pair of shots. 4) No needle is used — instead, a spring-powered device delivers the shot as a narrow, precise str
DNA तकनीक पर आधारित विश्व की सबसे पहली कोरोना वैक्सीन बनायी गई इसे इंजेक्शन से नहीं लेकिन स्प्रिंग आधारित ख़ास साधन से दिया जाएगा
DiDi App: Chinese app similar to Uber taxi hiring. Chinese government suspends Didi app downloads over personal data violati
DATE Subject Subtopic (if any)

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification


2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarke

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 2-Deficit/FRBM

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 2-Deficit/FRBM

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 2-Disinvestment/PSU

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 2-Disinvestment/PSU


2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽


2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 Appointment
2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-06-Week4 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-06-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-06-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multil

2021-06-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multil

2021-06-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multil

2021-06-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multil

2021-06-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multil

2021-06-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-06-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-06-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-06-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏


2021-06-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏
2021-06-Week4 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports🏏

2021-06-Week4 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ Election

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2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ Federalism


2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ Federalism

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2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ Places-in-News

2021-06-Week4 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-06-Week4 science🧪 5-Infra-Communication

2021-06-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week4 science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week4 science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week4 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week4 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-06-Week4 Science🧪 6-Health
2021-06-Week4 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-06-Week4 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-06-Week4 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-06-Week4 Science🧪 Places-in-News

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification &


2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fi


2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 6-Health🩺


2021-06-Week3 Economy💳 Appointment

2021-06-Week3 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-06-Week3 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-06-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-06-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-06-Week3 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-06-Week3 History/Culture🗿 Culture
2021-06-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Appointment

2021-06-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilate

2021-06-Week3 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multil


2021-06-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-06-Week3 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️


2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ Places-in-News

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-06-Week3 Polity⚖️ Summit/Agreement-Multil


2021-06-Week3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week3 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week3 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-06-Week3 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-06-Week3 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fi

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍


2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 6-Health🩺

2021-06-Week2 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽

2021-06-Week2 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-06-Week2 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Appointment


2021-06-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Defence
2021-06-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2021-06-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-06-Week2 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multil


2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News


2021-06-Week2 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports

2021-06-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-06-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-06-Week2 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-06-Week2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-06-Week2 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-06-Week2 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-06-Week2 Science🧪 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-06-Week2 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week2 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week2 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week2 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week2 Science🧪 6-Corona😷


2021-06-Week2 Science🧪 6-Health🩺
2021-06-Week2 Science🧪 Social Media📣

2021-06-Week1 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝


2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅


2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-06-Week1 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷


2021-06-Week1 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-06-Week1 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-06-Week1 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2021-06-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-06-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-06-Week1 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-06-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-06-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-06-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-06-Week1 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-06-Week1 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News


2021-06-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-06-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-06-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-06-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-06-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multil

2021-06-Week1 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multil


2021-06-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-06-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports


2021-06-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports
2021-06-Week1 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports

2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ 5-Infra-Housing


2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ 6-Corona😷
2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ Defence


2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ Election
2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-06-Week1 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-06-Week1 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-06-Week1 Science🧪 6-Corona😷


News Item (Page Numbers correspond to Ahmedabad Edition)

El-Salvador: Legal tenders 1) US Dollars. 2) Additionally, Bitcoin (from 2021). Thus, El-Salvador became 1st nation in the world
features 1) US Dollar will continue as legal tender. So, it's not compulsory to use Bitcoin only. 2) Buying-selling, tax payment m
rate between bitcoin and US dollar will be decided by market forces. 4) foreign investors bringing bitcoins to E-Salvador will be
etc. Why El-Salvador allowed Bitcoin? 1) billions of dollars as inward-remittance but Banking penetration is poor. So, Bitcoin ca
corruption and economic slowdown. So President wants to attract the foreign investors by giving Bitcoin lollipop. so, Some evi
stored in Bitcoin, may get attracted by this proposal for money laundering / tax avoidance in parent country. 3) Their presiden
Supreme Court / Opposition Parties so in order to divert the media-attention from that political-drama, this bitcoin-drama is b
are not preparing for EAS/EPS/EPSC. We're preparing for IAS/IPS/UPSC. अल-साल्वाडोर नामक देश में दो वैधानिक निविदा हैं अमेरिकी डॉलर या बिटकोईं
बिटकॉइन का इस्तेमाल ख़रीदारी में तथा कर भुगतान में हो सके गा। बिटकॉइन तथा अमेरिकी डॉलर के बीच मुद्रा विनिमय दर बाज़ार शक्तियाँ तय करेगी। विदेशी निवेशक यदि बीटकोईंन के स्
रियायतें/छू ट/माफ़ी दी जाएगी। अल-साल्वाडोर ये तमाशा क्यों कर रहा है उसके कारण मैंने अंग्रेज़ी में लिखें हिंदी अनुवाद में करूँ गा नहीं क्योंकि परीक्षा के लिए वो पंचात काम की नहि, फ़ाल
ख़राब आदतों के चलते बार बार वे UPSC में असफल भी हो रहे है।
⚾️📻⚾️✋IDBI Bank privatisation: Present ownership: LIC 49% Union Government: 45% now union government in process of s
हिस्सेदारी को बेच देगी।
⚾️📻⚾️✋SEBI ruling on PNB Housing Finance company investment by Carlyle

Countercyclical Fiscal policy: basically requires government of India to spend more money during the economic slowdown per
solutions from columns 1) Confederation of Indian industries (CII): suggestsRBI to “expand its balance-sheet. In simpler words
print Rs 3 lakh crore worth of new cash and give it to the government to spend. 😢Printing money can lead to inflation. India a
companies should compress ‘pay-ratios’ e.g. if the difference between factory worker vs CEO salary is 1:23x then perhaps com
reduce the salary of the top officials and use that money to give more salary to the workers. 🤩 this will not require RBI to print
to borrow more money. 3) Impose Wealth Tax on rich people. 😢But it is difficult to collect and people tend to hide/undervalu
when property/shares received from dead person to beneficiaries / nominees / sons-daughters. Previously there was estate d
er, Technology was not available to continuously monitor property and dead persons. But in 2021- with the linking of Aadhaar
demat account - IT’S possible. प्रति चक्रीय राजकोषीय नीति में ये कहा जाता है कि मंदी के दौरान सरकार ने ज़्यादा पैसा ख़र्च करना चाहिए ताकि लोगों को रोज़गार मिले. हालाँ
रिज़र्व बैंक को कहा जाए दे दनादन नोट छाप कर दिया तो लेकिन उसे मुद्रास्फीति महँगाई बढ़ सकती है 2) निजी कं पनियों में CEO और फ़ै क्ट्री के मज़दूर के वेतन के बीच का अंतर कम
तनख़्वाह में थोड़ी बढ़ोतरी हो, तो अपने आप मज़दूर पहले से ज़्यादा ख़रीदारी शुरु करेंगे और अर्थतंत्र पटरी पर आ जाएगा [3) जब वारिसों को अपने बाप दादाओं से ज़मीन,शेयर जेसी संप

Corona 4-lakh ex gratia dedo Yojana not possible? Disaster Management Act’s Section 12: requires National disaster managem
of relief to person affected in a disaster. Home Ministry has notified Corona as a disaster. So, PIL in SC asking Govt to pay ₹4 la
Nearly 4 lakh dead x ₹4 lakh each - approx. 16kcr required. Which is is the beyond the fiscal capacity/ fiscal affordability of uni
case in Supreme Court. Even if such money is given from the disaster management funds then there will be no money left for
12 में ये लिखा है कि राष्ट्रीय आपदा प्रबंधन प्राधिकरण ने आपदा से प्रभावित लोगों के लिए न्यूनतम सहायता घोषित करनी होगी। गृह -मंत्रालय पहले ही कोरोना महामारी को आपदा घोषित
कोरोना में मरे सभी लोगों के परिजनों को ४- लाख रुपया दिए जाए, हालाँकि सरकार के लिए लाखों परिवारों को देने के लिए इतनी मोटी राशि जमा करना असंभव है।
Deficit indicators: RBI proposes 1) RD-GDF (revenue deficit in the gross fiscal deficit) should not be more than 40% (Union+Sta
outlay (RECO) shouldnot be more than 5. [3)Design Quantifiable Metrics For Quality Of Public Expenditure to check how much
although for for GS it is less important. For PubAd/Economics Optional-you may think further. बजट घाटे नियंत्रण के बारे में रिज़र्व बैंक ने कु छ
प्रशासन/ अर्थशास्त्र वैकल्पिक विषय के लिए सोच सकते हैं
⚾️📻⚾️✋ foreign investors in the start-up Devas Multimedia file a case in American court to attach/auction Air-India aeroplan
damages because ISRO’s Antrix Company’s mismanagement of 2005 satellite deal.
PSU inefficiency: IndianExpress files RTI to reveal that in many public sector undertakings- the board members happen to be p
in the good relationship with BJP. Difficult to expect efficiency in government companies when board of directors are appointe
सूचना अधिकार से मालूम हुआ कि ज़्यादातर सरकारी निगमों में बोर्ड ऑफ़ डायरेक्टर की सदस्य के रूप में भाजपा के नेता या एसे निवृत्त आइएएस अफ़सर नियुक्त हैं जो की सत्ता पक्ष के च
आश्रय के स्वरूप में ये पद बाँटे जाएं तो सरकारी कम्पनियों में पेशेवर तरीक़े से कार्य/मुनाफ़े की उम्मिद मुश्किल
⚾️📻⚾️✋Draft e-commerce rules under the Consumer Protection Act- why e-commerce companies are unhappy? Ans. Our m
matter develop further then we will do PHD. 2) COMMERCE MINISTER Piyush Goyal accused Amazon and Walmart of arroganc
predatory pricing practices. इस मामले को ज़रा और आगे बढ़ने दो फिर पढ़ेंगे।
Inflation in edible oil: Government reduced customs duty on imported palm oil to 10 per cent, which will help bring down the
is not going to help because of high demand by customers and profiteering by sellers. आयात होने वाले पाम ऑयल पर सरकार ने सीमा शुल्क क
आलोचकों का मानना है कि व्यापारियों की मुनाफ़ाख़ोरी तथा ग्राहकों की बढ़ती माँग के चलते खाद्य तेलों में महँगाई को क़ाबू में नहीं हो सकती।
International MSMEs Day observed globally on 27th June every year since 2017, to raise public awareness on the contribution
global economy. अंतरराष्ट्रीय लघु उद्यम दिवस
⚾️📻⚾️✋Competition Commission of India (CCI) case about, Google vs TV manufacturers. Google’s Television App Distribution
install an entire suite of Google applications on their devices and not just any single application- unfair condition, harms the co
कं पनी tv निर्माता कं पनियों पर कु छ बदमाशियां कर रही है जिसकी पंचात हमारे लिए काम की नहीं है आगे बढ़ो.
Tamil Nadu government Economic Advisory Council to the Chief Minister: Members 1) Raghuram Rajan 2) Nobel laureate Esth
Subramanian, 4) economist Jean Dreze
⚾️📻⚾️✋Department of Telecommunications (DoT) eased norms for other service providers (OSP), such as voice-based busin
have to submit less number of documents to the department regarding their server location, Data management etc. Because
Coronavirus so it is not possible for such BPO companies to regularly submit all the data and accounts. BPO कं पनी चलाने वालों ने दूरसं
के चलते उसमें रियायतें.
Bharatnet/National Optical Fibre Network: it was launched in 2011 to provide broadband connectivity to to all 2.5 lakh gram p
target is not yet achieved by Govt companies. So now Niti Aayog has proposed to opt for public private partnership (PPP) mod
भारत ने प्रोजेक्ट के अंतर्गत भारत के ढाई लाख ग्राम पंचायतों तक ब्रॉडबैंड इंटरनेट पहुँचाने का कार्यक्रम 2011 से शुरू तो हुआ, लेकिन अभी तक लक्ष्य हासिल नहीं हो पाए। इसलिए नीति
इसको आगे बढ़ाया जाए।

Electric vehicle updates 1) FAME scheme (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles) by Ministry of Heavy Indust
till March 31, 2024. More information about this scheme available in Win20 series lecture 2) GERMAN CARMAKER Volkswagen
by 2035 as it shifts to electric vehicles. बिजली द्वारा संचालित वाहनों को प्रोत्साहन देने के लिए फ़े म-योजना की अवधि को सरकार ने दो साल के लिए बढ़ाया है।
Urbanisation:-Ranking: Data Maturity Assessment Framework by MOHUA (Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs). Ranking for
governance through big data analytics. Latest Ranking #1: Gujarat's Surat, #2: Maharashtra’s Pimpri Chinchwad, #3: MP’s Bhop
है कि कौन से शहर की नगरपालिका डेटा द्वारा सुशासन ला रही है?

E-learning Cross-subsidization: Corona→ online education ⏫→ many private sector companies are selling digital content / pow
charge 30,000-40,000 per child per year from parents/school. So, Gujarat government has formed Gujarat Education Technolo
to pvt schools & use the such profit for ‘cross subsidisation’ providing the same content free to government schools. रेलवे में तो क्रॉ
जाता है ताकि गरीबों को टिकटें सस्ती दी जा सके और रेलवे के नुक़सान की भरपाई हो। गुजरात राज्य सरकार की एक सरकारी कम्पनी इ-लर्निंग के पावर पॉइंट, वीडियो, माक-टेस्ट सीरीज़
सारा पढ़ाई का माल सरकारी स्कू लों में मुफ़्त में बाँटा जाएगा।

One Nation, One Ration Card (ONORC) system: generally ration card is made in the name of a family and it is location specific.
Mumbai he cannot use it for buying cheap grains at Lucknow. ONORC aims to provide inter-state and intra- state portability of
security act (NFSA) entitlement. It functions using two portals: 1) Integrated Management of Public Distribution System (IM-PD
which host all the relevant data. ONORC was launched in 2019. But Four states are yet to join the scheme — Assam, Chhattisg
1) Ordered read governments to implement this by a deadline July 31 2) Ordered Union Govt to create a national database of
स्थानधारित होती है, यानी मुंबई में बनाया गया राशन कार्ड लखनऊ में सस्ता अनाज ख़रीदने के लिए इस्तेमाल नहीं कर सकते। एक राष्ट्र एक राशन कार्ड प्रणाली की जहाँ प्रवासी मज़दूर को
तो नाराज़ सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने उन्हें 31 जुलाई तक का समय दिया है।
NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant (IAS) given one-year extension till June 2022
Communication / Vaccine compulsion: Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte said he was frustrated with people refusing to va
inject the vaccine in their butt himself. 🤔 points to consider: while the frustration of the President is understandable, but the
person sitting in such a high position. Otherwise such high-handed obscene language also influences the lower staff to speak a
centric responsive administration harmed ⏬😢. फिलीपींस के राष्ट्रपति को कोरोना टीकाकरण न लेनेवाले देशवासियों से इतने परेशान हो गए हैं कि उन्होंने आवेश में
उसकी ### (स्थानविशेष/तशरीफ़) में खुद में इंजेक्शन भोंक दूँगा”। संवैधानिक पद पर आसीन व्यक्ति को इस प्रकार की भाषा शोभा नहीं देती। जब राष्ट्रपति/मंत्री ख़ुद ऐसी अभद्र भाषा का
बदतमीज़ी से पेश आते हैं, और अंत में लोकभिमुख प्रशासन को नुक़सान होता है।
‘Peter Pan Syndrome’- people who do not want unable to grow up & responsibilities. people with the body of an adult but the
considered a psychopathology. However, an increasingly larger number of adults are presenting emotionally immature behavi
about MAN raping/refusing to marry girlfriend & he is using this as defense ke “I suffer from Peter Pan syndrome I am unable
जहाँ व्यक्ति वयस्क होने पर भी वयस्क को जैसे ज़िम्मेदारी लेने से बचता है। उसके लिए हर चीज़ नाबालिग को जैसा एक खेल बराबर है।
Gender Bias: Japan constitution: requires that after marriage couples should take only one surname (either of husband or of w
husband, due to social pressure. PIL in Japanese Supreme Court but Supreme Court says the Constitution is valid. जापानी संविधान के
ही रखना होगा, “ऐश्वर्या राय बच्चन” नहि लिखवा सकते, या तो ऐश्वर्या राय लिखो, या ऐश्वर्या बच्चन। सामान्य रूप से सामाजिक दबाव के चलते जापानी महिलाएँ पति का सरनेम अपना लेती
सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने भी कहा संविधान में जो लिखा है वही बराबर है।
Mission Karmayogi: Ministry of personnel new initiative for training of civil servants. Infosys ex-CEO S D Shibu Lal appointed as
सरकारी कर्मियों को सुशासन के लिए तालीम दी जाएगी

Corruption: GOA Lokayukta sent report to Governor Koshyari that CM Pramod Sawant’s government refused to act on Lokayu
minister Madkaikar for disproportionate assets. 🤔 Points to consider: 1) if the recommendations of Lokpal/ Lokayukta not acte
combat against corruption. 2) if such attitude continues then the office of Lokpal/ Lokayukta will become paper tiger/white ele
सिफ़ारिश राज्य सरकारों की थी लेकिन राज्य सरकार ने कोई क़दम नहीं उठाया इससे यह डर लगता है कि लोकायुक्त के वल एक काग़ज़ी शेर बनके ना रह जाए।

Civil Service values- Bureaucratic apathy: Major Raman Dada martyred while combating terrorist. Punjab government announ
state government condition this allowance will continue IF 1) as long as she doesn’t remarry 2) sif he marries brother of the de
not the brother of the dead Major, then allowance will stop. Social media outcry→ Punjab government says we will undo this
मासिक भत्ता देती है, बशर्त की विधवा पुनर्विवाह न करे, यदि पुनर्विवाह करे, तो भी के वल मृत पति के भाई के साथ ही विवाह करे। सोशल मीडिया ने इसकी आलोचना के बाद राज्य सरकार

Power of IAS in ecological conservation: Gujarat’s DANG district has dense forest / jungle cover. Tourists engage in 1) fishing in
waterfalls. Solution? Indian penal code (IPC) Section 188: collector issued notification prohibiting the tourist from engaging in
पर्यटकों द्वारा मछली पकड़ना, नदीयो के पास सेल्फ़ी लेते लेते डू ब कर मर जाना इत्यादि समस्याओं को देखते हुए ज़िला कलेक्टर द्वारा IPC धारा १८८ के तहत प्रतिबंध-आदेश जारी किया

Attitude formation - role of advertisements: 1 in every 3 British primary school children as overweight. So, Britain will ban junk
सकारात्मक या नकारात्मक दृष्टिकोण बनाने में विज्ञापनों की भूमिका अहम होती है। पाया गया कि ब्रिटिश प्राथमिक विद्यालयों में हर तीन में से एक बच्चा मोटापे से पीड़ित है इसलिए दिन में फ़ा
Attitude towards women: Dowry deaths in Kerala ⏫: 1) Social Values: Girls’ families also take pride in their ability to get their
economic status meets up to their expectations, even if it leads them into a debt trap in giving large dowry. 2) Men proudly bo
dowry they managed to extract from bride. So, it’s a matter of pride for them. 3) Labour force participation rate of women ⏬
family decision making is very limited compared to husband. 4) within the marriage market higher demand for female-teacher
career growth opportunities so groom family prefer female-teacher-bride who is more likely to be an ‘obedient wife’- cause of
takeup B.Ed type courses. 3) Kerala reported Over 50 dowry deaths in the past five years, as per police data. But critiques argu
since families and policemen prefer to negotiate a resolution outside the law. 4) Kerala Vidhan Sabha has less than 10% seats
शिक्षा-स्वास्थ्य में तो काफ़ी आगे है, किन्तु दहेज़ के मामलों में महिलाओं की मृत्यु बढ़ रही है- जिस पर आज कल बहुत सारे कॉलम लिखे गए। कु ल मिलाकर-बेटी के परिजन ख़ुद होशियारी
उन्हें कर्ज़ लेना पड़े! दूल्हे राजा भी अपने रिश्तेदार और सहकर्मियों के सामने दम भर की कहते हैं कि उन्होंने कितना ज़्यादा दहेज लिया यानी कि के रल के समाज में दहेज को दूषण नहीं कि
दर कम हो रहा है यदि वे नौकरी करती भी हूँ तो भी घर के मामलों में पति का ही दबदबा रहता है। हाल के वर्षों में के रल के शादी बाज़ार में शिक्षिकाओं की माँग ज़्यादा है, क्योंकि उनकी नौ
पति और ससुरालवालों के सामने हमेशा आज्ञाकित भूमिका में रहेगी ऐसा माना जाता है। इस चक्कर में बेटियों की माँ बाप ज़बरन बीएड का कोर्स करवाते है, और बेटियां अन्य किसी क्षेत्र में नौ
वर्षों में मात्र 50 महिलाओं की ही दहेज के मामलों में मोत हुई, किं तु आलोचकों का मानना है कि वास्तव में कई सारे मामले कोर्ट और पुलिस थाने के बाहर ही दबा दिए जाते हैं। के रल के वि
के ख़िलाफ़ कोई सख़्त क़ानून बने इसकी अपेक्षा मुश्किल
Quote: “the best judge is one who is less known and seen in the media”- CHIEF JUSTICE of India NV Ramana । सर्वश्रेष्ठ न्यायाधीश वही है
Terror finance: Pak minister admits “When PTI (Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf) came to power, Pakistan had already gone into the F
terror funding.” – As of July-2021 Pakistan continues to be in the grey list. पाकिस्तान के मंत्री ने एक इंटरव्यू में ख़ुद कहा इमरान ख़ान की सरकार आने
चक्कर में हम लोग FATF की ग्रे-लिस्ट में है।
Soft power - ability to persuade other nations without using military force or economic sanctions. Soft power is acquired throu
connect, cultural and political influence. Soft power is difficult to measure. According to an international research the soft pow
शक्ति यानी बिना सेना बल या आर्थिक प्रतिबंध का उपयोग किए अन्य देशों को अपनी बातों के लिए मनाना। चलचित्र खेल कू द लोगों से लोगों का सम्पर्क सांस्कृ तिक और राजनैतिक प्रभाव के
गया है कि चीन की नरम शक्ति भारत से काफ़ी अधिक है।

Middle East updates 1) Historic visit of EGYPT’S PRESIDENT Abdel Fattah al-Sisi to Iraq (Baghdad). Egypt Iraq relationship had s
Kuwait in 1990. 2) Iran refuses to give images from nuclear sites to IAEA, saying IAEA-monitoring agreement’s date has expired

Diplomacy: party-to-party diplomacy: CHINESE Communist Party (CCP) sends letters/agreements/pamphlets to 400 political pa
campaigning is 1) Chinese model is great 2) one belt one Road policy is not bad 3) Western media as propaganda against China
financial funding to such politicians / social media influencers to create a pro-China narrative across the world. राजनीतिक पक्ष से पक्ष
राजनीतिक पक्षों को पत्र व्यवहार द्वारा सूचित किया जाता है की कै से चीन का मॉडल महान है तथा पश्चिमी मीडिया द्वारा चीन के ख़िलाफ़ ग़लत ख़बरों को फै लाया जा रहा है। कई बार चीनी
व्यक्तियों को रिश्वत देकर भी चीन की तरफ़दारी करवाता है। इस प्रकार से विश्व में चीन के पक्ष में माहौल बनाने की कोशिश।
G-20 summit 2021 @Italy in October. 2022@India. G- 20 member countries are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Fra
Mexico, Russia, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Uni
होगी। वैसे तो ये हम पहले भी पढ़ चुके हैं लेकिन बार बार पुनरावर्तन करने से याद रखने में सुविधा रहेती है।
UNITED NATIONS peace- keeping missions: Nations unable to agree for the $6 billion budget to Corona led financial constraint
shut down in Africa and the Middle East. अफ़्रीका मध्यपूर्व तथा अन्य इलाक़े जहाँ गृह युद्ध/ नरसंहार हो रहा है, संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा शांति सेना भेजी जाती है। लेकिन कोरोना
लिए पैसा नहीं दे पा रहे।
Jamshedji Tata - biggest philanthropist globally in the last century by donating $102 billion- in “top-50 givers “list by says Huru
महानतम दानवीर थे
Cricket : New Zealand defeated India to become World Test champions. Venue: England. क्रिके ट विश्व टेस्ट मैच में न्यूज़ीलैंड ने भारत को हराया
एसा ही UPSC देने वाली कई बाबू-शोनो में भी पाया जाता है बिना परीक्षा के लिए ख़ुद को कलेक्टर समजकर हवा में उड़ते रहेते हैं, फिर असफल होने पर अपनी गलती का विश्लेषण करने
चलाने का यही फ़ायदा है मुझे जो बकवास करनी हो मैं कर सकता हूँ।
Death: John David McAfee, the founder of the antivirus software died in a prison in Spain. He was a fugitive in USA for tax frau

Chess: Indian-origin American Abhimanyu Mishra has become the youngest-ever chess Grandmaster in the world. शतरंज का सबसे
ISSF Shooting World Cup at Osijek: Manu Bhaker, Yashaswini Singh Deswal and Rahi Sarnobat claimed the bronze medal in the
एयर-पिस्टल निशानेबाज़ी में कांस्य पदक मिला
Cricket: T20 World Cup venue UAE. Final Match in November।
America’s Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998 (DMCA) is outcome of World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) mem
recognises intellectual property on internet. So if any website is hosting pirated content then the victim can file legal complain
Prasad Twitter account was blocked for uploading some content violating DMCA. अमरीका के इस क़ानून के अंतर्गत डिजिटल पायरसी करने वालों को
जाता है। भूतपूर्व मंत्री रविशंकर प्रसाद की एक पुरानी ट्वीट में कु छ ऐसा माल डाला गया था जिसे इस क़ानून का उल्लंघन हो रहा था इसलिए चर्चा में

Vaccine compulsion: Indian Air Force (IAF) Corporal refused to get vaccinated saying 1) I believe in Ayurveda 2) News of peopl
officer sent him a notice to terminate from job because by not taking vaccine, 1) he is endangering the lives of other air force p
insubordination by refusing the orders of commanding officer to take vaccine. Corporal approaches Gujarat High Court that an
right to decide the medical treatment for themselves. भारतीय वायुसेना के एक कॉरपोरल ने कोरोना टीका लगवाने से साफ़ साफ़ मना कर दिया कि मैं के वल आ
मैं ये टीका नहीं लगवाऊं गा, मुझे कौन सी चिकित्सा करवानी चाहिए उसका मौलिक अधिकार संविधान ने मुझे दिया है!। उसके कमांडिंग ऑफ़िसर ने उसे नोटिस जारी की कि “तुमको नौकरी
और टीका न लगवा के अपने साथी सैनिकों की जान भी जोखिम में डाल रहे हो?” ये मामला अब गुजरात हाई कोर्ट में चल रहा है।

Vaccine Compulsion/Right to Refuse?: Madras HC observed: “ unvaccinated people can be silent / asymptomatic carriers of th
re- fuse to take the vaccine can be exercised in such circumstances". तो क्या कोई व्यक्ति “टीकाकरण नही लूंगा, अपनी स्वास्थ्य चिकित्सा का चयन खुद क
कोर्ट को इस बात में संशय है क्योंकि यदि कोई व्यक्ति कोरोना का टीका नहीं लगवाता तो वो दूसरों की जान भी जोखिम में डालता है। संवैधानिक अधिकार तभी तक वैध हैं जब तक वे दूस
LGBT Parenthood: France’s Lok Sabha passes a law to allow single women and lesbians access to IVF/medically assisted reprod
गर्भाधान से जुड़ी स्वास्थ्य चिकित्साओं का इस्तिमाल कर सके ऐसा फ़्रान्स की लोक सभा में क़ानून बन रहा है।

370: Delimitation in JK. AFTER CENSUS-2001: no Delimitation Commission was set up by the state government & J&K Assembl
delimitation of seats until 2026. 2019: article 370 was removed. Jammu Kashmir becomes a union territory with legislature & N
from 107 to 114. Union government wants to do delimitation before the state Vidhan Sabha election. so 2020: Union governm
retired Supreme Court judge Ranjana Prakash Desai. अनुच्छेद ३७० हटाने के बाद जम्मू कश्मीर विधानसभा वाला कें द्र शासित प्रदेश बन चुका है। वहाँ विधानसभा
लिए रंजना प्रकाश देसाई के सीमांकन आयोग का गठन।

GSM2: Comparing Constitution- Nepali leader Pushpa Kamal ‘Prachanda’ Dahal -says s “Nepal’s image was better under the m
Maoist insurgency to remove monarchy and established democracy/republic and yet he’s also disillusioned with the democrac
वर्षों पहले नेपाल से राजतंत्र/राजशाही हटाकर गणतंत्र/लोकतंत्र स्थापित करने के लिए पुष्पकमल प्रचण्ड दहाल नामक नेता ने माओवादी मुहिम चलायी थी। तो वर्तमान नेपाल में राजनीतिक
कि “जब राजतंत्र था तो दुनिया में नेपाल की छवि ज़्यादा बेहतर थी।" इस पर निबंध और इंटरव्यू के लिए सोच विचार कीजिए क्या लोकतंत्र सच में अच्छी चीज़ है?- नेपाल के बारे में भी औ
Lakshadweep Administrator Praful K Patel -his decisions are in controversy already covered in the previous months excel sprea
and chicken from midday meal in the school 2) he has ordered closure of the government and dairy farms in Lakshadweep. Ac
High Court has temporarily stayed the two orders । लक्षद्वीप कें द्र शासित प्रदेश के प्रशासक प्रफु ल्ल पटेल के कु छ सुधार पहले ही विवादों में थे और ये मुद्दा हम पहले
भोजन में मांस-निषेध २) सरकार द्वारा चलाए जाने वाले डेयरी खेतों को बंद किया जाएगा। के रल हाई कोर्ट में हुई शिकायत
Anniversary of emergency proclamation: 1) June 12, 1975: Allahabad HC found Gandhi guilty of corrupt electoral practices and
years. 2) Midnight of June 25-26: the President of India on the advice of Indira Gandhi and without the approval of her Cabine
emergency exists whereby the security of India is threatened by internal disturbances”. 1975 के जून महीने में इलाहाबाद हाईकोर्ट ने इंदिरा गां
राष्ट्रपति से राष्ट्रीय आपातकाल घोषित करवाया था।

Birth Cenetanry: Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao (June 28) -10th PM of India. Some political scientists opine that Narsimh
India. Because after Rajiv Gandhi's assassination- , N D Tiwari, Arjun Singh and Sharad Pawar all were vying for the PM post bu
faction-ridden Congress. The role of Narsimha Rao in post-independent India (GSM1) and Ethics (GSM4) covered in Mrunal’s y
https://www.youtube.com/c/TheMrunalPatel/search?query-rao नरसिम्हा राव की जन्म शताब्दी. उन्हें आज़ाद भारत का सबसे पहला आकस्मिक प्रधानमंत्री
370: People’s Alliance for Gupkar Declaration (PAGD) meets PM . Basically the demands include restoration of article 370 and
प्रधानमंत्री को मिलने गई कु ल मिलाकर वे जम्मू कश्मीर को पूर्ण राज्य का दर्जा दिलवाना चाहते है।
Demand for separate state from West Bengal 1) Jangalmahal 2) Greater Cooch Behar from North Bengal 3) Gorkhaland 3) Kam
community, a Scheduled Caste in West Bengal. पश्चिम बंगाल से बँटवारा करके नई छोटे छोटे राज्यों को बनाने की माँग हो रही है हालाँकि इंटरव्यू के लिए ग़ौर करने
क्या वाक़ई ने छोटे आकार के राज्य- सुशासन के लिए उपयुक्त है? सोचिए!

ARTICLE 1(1) OF the Constitution of India says “India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.” In common parlance, the term
are used interchangeably in India. Tamilnadu’s DMK government using the word ‘union government’ (ondriya arasu) instead o
some verbal infighting between BJP vs DMK leaders But it’s mostly pedanticism/ shadow boxing. संविधान के हिसाब से भारत के राज्यों का
उपयुक्त है या “संघीय सरकार” शब्द उपयुक्त है? इस पर तमिलनाडु के नेताओं में जो बहस चल रही है वो छाया मुक्के बाज़ी/पांडित्य कु छ ख़ास काम का नहि है। आगे बढ़ो।
Judge Recusal: When there is a conflict of interest, a judge can withdraw from hearing a case to prevent creating a perception
can be in many ways —e.g. Judge having shareholding in the company, judge knowing the accused person / relatives etc. जब आ
सुनवाई हो या २) ऐसी कं पनी के मामले की सुनवाई हो जहाँ पर जज साहब ने ख़ुद भी शेयर ख़रीद के रखे हैं -तो इन स्थितियों में जज उस के स की सुनवाई से अपने आप को हटा देता है

Liquor prohibition in privacy: PIL in GujHC that “right to privacy also involves the right to consume food as per your choice. So,
Gujarat!” Advocate General defends, “a right to eat non-veg within the four walls of your home can never be equated with rig
such drunkard men also engage in domestic violence. Tomorrow somebody may say that donot harass me if I’m taking narcoti
concept of privacy right is not like a bull in a China shop... it may also be subjected to reasonable restrictions, depending upon
interest. संविधान में जो निजता का अधिकार दिया गया है वह अपने घर के बंद दरवाज़े में नागरिकों को अपनी मनमर्ज़ी का खानपान करने की निजता/छू ट है। किं तु गुजरात में शराब वि
तर्क देखर शराब-बंधी हटाने के लिए हाईकोर्ट में जनहित याचिका। हालाँकि एडवोके ट जनरल ने हाई कोर्ट में दलील दी है की “घर की बंद दरवाज़े में मांसाहार करना और घर की बंद दरवाज़े
बेटियों की पिटाई करते हैं. चीनी मिट्टी से बनी प्यालियों की दुकान में अगर सांढ को खड़ा कर दिया जाए तो वो सब प्याली/बरतनो को चकना चूर कर देगा, लेकिन निजता का अधिकार ऐसा
दें।”

Class action suit / Representative litigation - a legal action or claim that allows group of people with similar interests to file cas
job-promotions to women employees in the same speed as male employees 2) pesticide factory vs people living in the area wh
take up such cases because they can sign a charge contingency fees / profit sharing contract wherein victim will give X% of com
Council of India does not allow this so lawyers are less enthusiastic in taking up such class action suits. Some famous cases 1) 1
government filed a case on behalf victims. The accused company Union carbide paid compensation but not very large amount
got justice / compensation but Indian shareholders did not get justice. “ प्रतिनिधि मुकदमेबाजी/क़ानूनी दावे”: एक समान रूप से नुक़सान हुआ हूँ ऐसे लोग
फ़ै क्ट्री के पड़ोस में रहने वाले लोग जिनको कैं सर हुआ है। अमेरिका में इस प्रकार की मुक़दमेंबाज़ी का चलन ज़्यादा है क्योंकि वहाँ वक़ील ऐसे पीड़ितों से ‘ मुआवज़े में हिस्सेदारी’ माँग सकता
हिस्सेदारी का अनुबंध करने की इजाज़त नहीं है इसलिए वक़ील इस प्रकार की प्रतिनिधि मुकदमेबाजी के स में कम रुचि दिलचस्पी दिखाते हैं. भोपाल गैस दुर्घटना के बाद प्रतिनिधि मुकदमेबाजी
कं पनी के सामने दावा ठोका था लेकिन मुआवज़े में पर्याप्त रक़म अभी तक नहीं मिली है.

Media Trials: “Mere right to change the ruler, every 5 years, by itself need not be a guarantee against tyranny so day-to-day po
are integral to the democratic process. But at the same time day to day noise on social media doesn’t mean a large majority o
Sometimes, voice of a small group getting amplified by social media-it is not always/necessarily reflective of what is right and w
trials cannot be a guiding factor in deciding cases. While Judges cannot stay in ivory castles- impervious to public opinion but j
noise, between right and wrong, good and bad, and the real and fake- Chief Justice of India NV Ramana. पाँच साल के बाद चुनाव में सरका
तानाशाही सहते रहे। स्वाभाविक है यदि वे सरकार की नीतियों से नाराज़ है तो धरना प्रदर्शन शोरगुल करेंगे। किन्तु सोशियल मीडिया में चंद नाखुश लोगों का सरकार-विरोधी शोरगुल हमेशा स
सहमत ही है ऐसा मानना नहीं चाहिए। हालाँकि न्यायाधीश हाथीदाँत से बनी ऊँ चे महलों में नहीं रह सकते है कि जनमत से बिलकु ल अनजान होकर फ़ै सला सुनाए, किन्तु साथ ही साथ सोश
नहीं चाहिए- सुप्रीम कोर्ट के मुख्य न्यायाधीश NV रमन्ना का बयान।

Media Trial: Many media trials in which accused persons ‘convicted’ in noisy television studios have subsequently been let off
(2020) observed that by producing the victims and suspects before the media, the police violates the fundamental rights of th
Constitution of India (right to life-liberty-privacy) & also encourages the media trials. While it is true that a general public is en
investigation, but producing the suspects or victims before the media has no foundation under any statutory provision of law
हाईकोर्ट ने पाया कि पुलिस द्वारा जब पीड़ित व्यक्ति और संदिग्ध-अपराधी को मीडिया के सामने पेश किया जाता है और मीडिया ट्रायल शुरू होता है तो उनके जीवन स्वतंत्रता और निजता के
अधिकार है किं तु संदिग्ध-अपराधी या पीड़ित व्यक्ति को मीडिया में दर्शाने का कोई क़ानूनी प्रावधान नहीं है.
Internet Afterlife / Right to be Forgotten: ASSOCIATED Press (AP) is a 175-year-old American non-profit news agency that prov
AP has announced that it will no longer name suspects or publish their photographs in minor crime stories. Because sometime
freed by the court. But for every such small crime story it is not possible for the journalist to track it till the end judgement. Ye
news website, it remains in the google search /web-afterlife forever. Then even innocent person finds difficulty in getting jobs
searching his name on internet. Parallel debate in EU- about “right to be forgotten” कई बार वह संदिग्ध व्यक्ति निर्दोष होता है कोर्ट द्वारा उसे बाइज़्
फ़े सले तक की जानकारी प्रकाशित नहि करते है, क्योंकि तब तक पत्रकार अन्य समाचारों में बिज़ी हो जाता है। परिणामस्वरूप वेबसाइटों पर व्यक्ति का नाम फोटोग्राफ हमेशा “संदिग्ध आरोपी
उसे बहिष्कृ त कर देते हैं। इसलिए अमेरिकी समाचार संस्थान “एसोसिएटेड प्रेस” ने फ़े सला लिया है कि अब से छोटे अपराधों में संदिग्ध व्यक्ति का नाम और फोटोग्राफ समाचार में नहीं दर्शा
Largest city of Maharashtra - Mumbai nahi Pune. Because State government has expanded the limits of Pune municipal Corpo
सबसे बड़ा शहर मुंबई नहीं पुणे है क्योंकि राज्य सरकार ने 23 गाँव को पुणे के नगर निगम की सीमा/कार्यक्षेत्र में डाल दिया है

Censorship in Cinema: draft Cinematograph (Amendment) Bill 2021. Gist: 1) certificate categories before: 1) ‘U’ - unrestricted
children under 12; 3) ‘A’ for adult films. The new draft proposes categories: 1) U/A 7+, U/A 13+ and U/A 16+. 2) even if the cen
can still re-examine it. 😢Criticism? this type of super censorship will harm the artistic freedom because BJP ministers may blo
movies- aisa-bolke 500 daily columns going on. चलचित्र क़ानून में संशोधन का प्रस्ताव १) विभिन्न आयु के लिए उपयुक्त चलचित्रों के सर्टिफ़िके ट का लेबल/नामकरण
बाद भी कें द्र सरकार वापसी पुनः समीक्षा कर सकती है। आलोचकों को डर है भाजपा के मंत्री इसका दुरुपयोग करेंगे और सरकार विरोधी फ़िल्म-निर्माताओं की फ़िल्मों को रद्द कर दिया जाए
Windows 11- Name of the upcoming new operating system by MICROSOFT. वैसे तो यह बहुत सामान्य जनरल नोलेज की चीज़ है, लेकिन कु छ छोटे गाँ
कु छ परीक्षाओं में एसी कं प्यूटर जनरल नॉलेज पूछी जाती है कि नवीनतम ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम कौनसा है।

Soft Diplomacy: Co-WIN online vaccine registration website / App: new updates 1) PM Modi says the COWIN vaccine registrati
technology will be shared with all the countries so that poor countries like Rwanda who cannot separately develop such webs
foreign country, sometimes you have to prove that you have taken vaccine. So now it is possible to link your passport with CoW
that particular passport number owner is vaccinated । कोरोना टीकाकरण में अपना पंजीकरण/ स्लॉट बुक करवाने के लिए बनाए गये कोविन वेबसाइट तथा ऐप की
कराएगा ताकि ग़रीब देश को वापस ऐसे ही वेबसाइट बनाने के लिए ढेर सारा पैसा ख़र्च न करना पड़े।
Corona unlockdown: “Save Our Scene”, a UK organisation demanding unlockdown to protect music and hospitality sectors in t
country. इंग्लैंड में संगीत और रेस्टोरेंट उद्योग को वापस पुनर्जीवित करने के लिए तालाबंदी को ख़त्म किया जाए ऐसा आंदोलन कु छ समूह कर रहे हैं
⚾️📻⚾️✋Corona data privacy: Sprinklr customer data management firm. Kerala State government had given a contract to trac
controversy because of data privacy issues, and how the contact was given without due procedure. Recently launched IPO @
के रल सरकार ने एक निजी स्टार्टअप कं पनी को ठेका दिया था उसका डेटा-निजता के मामले में विवाद, हालाँकि बहुत ज़्यादा काम का नहि
Molnupiravir: oral antiviral drug for mild Covid treatment. Dr Reddy’s Laboratories, Cipla, Emcure Pharmaceuticals, Sun Pharm
for clinical trial of this medicine. कोरोना संक्रमण के इलाज के लिए एक और नई दवाई

Vaccine Deprivation: under the latest vaccination policy of the union government- out of 100 doses produced by a pharma com
25%. But, in backward (-aspirational) states like Jharkhand- very few private hospitals in city areas, and many citizens are so po
private hospitals. So even if private hospitals are in possession of 25% of the doses, they’ll remain unused. So, Jharkhand State
that 75-25 policy needs to be recalibrated for poor States. कें द्र सरकार की कोरोना टीकाकरण की नवीनतम नीति के अंतर्गत यदि कोई फ़ार्मा कं पनी १०० डोज़
चौथाई जत्था निजी क्षेत्र के अस्पताल ख़रीदेंगे हालाँकि झारखंड जैसे पिछड़े (-आकांशी) राज्यों में निजी अस्पताल बहूत कम हैं और वे ज़्यादातर शहरी इलाकों तक सीमित है। झारखण्ड की
पैसा देकर टीका ख़रीद नहीं सकते। यानी कि झारखंड जैसे राज्यों में निजी अस्पतालों को २५% जत्था दिया भी जाए तो उसका इस्तेमाल नहीं होगा। इसलिए झारखंड राज्य सरकार ने कें द्र

Corona vaccine permission: Indian Govt gave American Company Moderna emergency use for its mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. This
granted a waiver from conducting trials in India. अमेरिकी कम्पनी मोडेरना के कोरोना टिके को बिना भारत में मानव परीक्षण किए सीधे ही अनुमति दे दी गई है। यह
Yoga: Nepal PM K P Sharma Oli has stoked a controversy that India was not even “born” as a separate country when Yoga orig
प्रधानमंत्री सस्ता नशा करके बक रहे हैं कि “भारत तो पैदा भी नहीं हुआ था जब योगा का जन्म नेपाल में हुआ था!”
Hyperandrogenism - High level of androgen in female athletes, it increases their strength and stamina compare to normal fem
in Sex Development (DSD). DSD cannot compete in international competition unless they reduce the testeron level below “X”%
authorities to conduct this test on certain female athletes, because she fears some female athletes suddenly increased their p
शारीरिक अवस्था जहाँ महिला खिलाड़ीऑ में टेस्टोंस्टेरोंन की मात्रा सामान्य महिला से ज़्यादा हो। इसके चलते यह खिलाड़ी सामान्य महिलाओं से बेहतर प्रदर्शन कर पाते हैं हालाँकि अंतररा
वे (दवाईऑ के ज़रिए) अपने टेस्टोस्टेरॉन का स्तर सामान्य नहीं कर लेते।
Doctors Day: 1st July 2021.
Malaria free country: Countries have 0% local cases of Malaria in 3 consecutive -can apply for WHO certification of malaria-fre
Algeria, Argentina, El Salvador (2021), China (2021) यदि तीन वर्षों तक स्वतंत्र रूप से आपके देश में मलेरिया के कोई भी स्थानीय/आंतरिक मामले नहीं दिखते, तो
जाता है जून महीने में चीन को ये उपलब्धि हासिल हुई है।

Cybersecurity report by International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS): 1) INDIA’S OFFENSIVE cyber capability is “Pakistan-fo
cybersecurity not tuned towards China. 3) India’s reform in cyber governance has been slow. It should better harness its digita
security- TIER 1: United States, TIER 3: India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, North Korea, Vietnam भारत की साइबर सुरक्षा प्रणाली के पूरा
लेकिन वैश्विक स्तर के भयावह आक्रमणों से लड़ने के लिए अभी काफ़ी कमज़ोर है। यदि अमेरिका को यदि प्रथम श्रेणी में रखा जाए, तो भारत की साइबर सुरक्षा प्रणाली तृतीय श्रेणी/थर्ड क्ला
Fossil: Dragon Man -fossil of this ancient human found from Dragon River region of northeast China, at least 140,000 years old
इसलिए उसकी हड्डियों को “ड्रैगन मानव” उपनाम दिया गया है।
RBI gave small finance bank (SFB) license to Centrum Financial Services Ltd. In future, Centrum+ BharatPe may take control/ow
operative Bank (PMC). लघु वित् बैंक के लिए लाइसेंस दिया
⚾️📻⚾️✋Adani Group stock falls to 25 % after some rumours about money laundering investigation. शेयर बाज़ार की ऐसी ख़बरें अपने लिए काम
⚾️📻⚾️✋Indian Accounting Standards (IndAS) Rules amended. Such technical things not important for the scope of IAS exam.
Microfinance loans - Small loans to households with annual household income of ₹1.25l (rural area) and ₹2 lakh (urban area). R
so high that >50% of household’s monthly income is going into loan repayment. सूक्ष्म वित् के लिए RBI के नए प्रस्ताव: क़र्ज़े की किश्तें इतनी बड़ी नहीं
⚾️📻⚾️✋Service Tax case of Cloudtail Company. It’s a seller company co-founded by Amazon & Infosys walla NR Narayana.
Personnel Management: BSNL+MTNL merger→ over 30k employees opted for the voluntary retirement scheme (VRS). But com
shortage. So, those retired/VRS employees could be “rehired as consultants”. 🤔Points to consider? 1) VRS ke naam pe these em
for retiring early. 2) Now, at what salary will they be rehired? It could result in unnecessarily large expenditure. 3) personal /ma
done in a more calibrated and systematic manner. सरकारी कं पनियों के विलीनीकरण के बाद कई अफ़सरों को स्वैच्छिक सेवानिवृति दी जाती है। किं तु बाद में पता चला की महे
रही है। तो उन निवृत्त अफ़सरों को वापस कं सल्टेंट के रूप में नियुक्ति दी जाएगी। इससे प्रतीत होता है कि सरकारी कम्पनियां/विभागों में कार्मिक प्रशासन में दूरंदेशीता की कमी है।
Black money in Switzerland account? 2019: Indian clients parked 6000+cr while 2020: 20,000+cr in Switzerland. These are the
India. It is not necessary that each and every rupee per day in Switzerland bank is black money. स्विजरलैंड कि बैंकों में भारतीयों द्वारा जमा की ग
हालाँकि यह आंकड़े आधिकारिक रूप से स्विट्ज़रलैंड द्वारा भारत सरकार को साझा किए गए हैं और ये ज़रूरी नहीं है कि ये 20हज़ार करोड़ से ज़्यादा रक़म संपूर्ण रूप से काला धन हीं है।
0% GST of a company supplying food to mid-day meal schools-says CBIC .
⚾️📻⚾️✋Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) will be dissolved, and re-placed by seven new Defence Public Sector Undertakings / go
factories. Benefit? autonomy, accountability and efficiency. While such developments important for public administration option
और गोला बारूद बोर्ड को विलीन कर कु छ सरकारी हथियार कं पनियां बनायी जाएगी-ताकि उनकी कार्यक्षमता में बढ़ोतरी हो। हालाँकि ये पूरा मुद्दा सामान्य अध्ययन के लिए इतना काम का नहीं जितना लोक
Taper tantrum: When American RBI- US Federal Reserve ⏫repo rate, FIIs pull out money from third world countries - third wor
2013. Some columnist worried that it will happen again. Faded technical topic. Not worth applying too much brain. ये घिसापिटा मुद्दा बो
Foodgrain procurement: due to government’s populist MSP policy for rice procurement - FCI overflood with rice not enough sto
20 per kg to distilleries for ethanol production. Criticism? The rice was purchased at MSP of 18-19/kg add the operational costs,
cost of rice is over Rs.30/kg. So then selling it to distilleries at Rs.20 - one type of subsidies being given to the ethanol industry.
cultivation consumes lot of groundwater so it is not really beneficial. किसानों के लोक लुभावन के चक्कर में भारत सरकार अत्याधिक मात्रा में चावल न्यूनतम समर्थन
यही चावल सस्ते दामों पर इथेनॉल बनाने वाली कं पनियों को बेचा जा रहा है। भविष्य में ऐसा इथेनॉल पेट्रोल में मिश्रित किया जाए और वायु प्रदूषण से राहत मिले, लेकिन फिर भी चावल की खेती बाड़ी में जि
India’s largest agriculture export #1: rice (>8 bn), #2: marine products ($6 billion), spices ($4 billion), bovine (buffalo) meat ($
Australia, Brazil and Thailand registered case against India at the WTO for our export subsidies. 2) environmental sustainability
requires 2,000 litres of water. 1 kg rice, needs 3,000 to 5,000 litres of . 3) Govt heavily subsidised them thru cheap fertiliser, fre
contributes > 18 % GHG 4) Rice procured in PDS - leaked & exported due to corrupt officials. भारत से कृ षि निर्यात में सबसे ज़्यादा चावल निर्यात
एक्सप्रेस हर दो दिन पर घिसेपिटे कॉलम क्यों लिख रहा है?
hallmarking - guarantee of purity of precious metal articles. Government notified two categories — gold and silver. For gold, are
gold — 22 carat, 18 carat and 14 carats. Rules for gold hallmarking: 1) Jewellers with annual turnover upto Rs. 40 lac will be ex
can continue to buy back old gold jewellery without hallmark from consumer. स्वर्ण हॉलमार्किं ग के लिए नियम। छोटे जौहरियों पर ये नियम अनिवार्य नहि। यदि
होगी।
World Competitiveness Report by the Institute for Management Development (IMD). Rank#1 Switzerland. Rank#43: India. Sam
स्विट्ज़रलैंड को मिला पहला नंबर
GDP fails to capture some aspects of the economy such as Quality of life, environment sustainability etc. so Germany Japan Aus
IndianClass12
CBSE expressexam wrotecancelled
very longstudents
explained willseries on it,marks
be given but not many new
according points to gaininfrom
to performance it. लंबी
Class12 चौड़ी बोल school
(internal बच्चन तो कीexams)
थी लेकिन +
परीक्षा
Classके
components will be given 40:30:30 weightage. If any students not satisfied with assessment formula, they’ll have the option of
कोरोना महामारी के चलते रद्द किया गया है इसलिए विद्यार्थियों को बारहवी के प्रमाण पत्र में गुण, उसकी बारहवीं कक्षा के आंतरिक परिणाम तथा १० और ११ वी कक्षा के गुणो के एक निश्चित अनुपात में दि
सकता है।
Population control: Assam 1) People with >2 children barred from government jobs and from contesting local elections 2) New
given only to families that have not more than two children. e.g. Chief Minister Awas Yojana middle-class family. जिन लोगों के दो से अ
नियम तो असम सरकार पहले ही बना चुकी है. अब असम सरकार सोच रही है कि मुख्यमंत्री आवास योजना इत्यादि राज्य सरकार की योजनाओं में भी उन लोगों को लाभ नहीं मिलेगा जिनके 2 अधिक बच्चे
Appointment: MICROSOFT CEO Satya Nadella now appointed as its new chairman.
Odisha only state to have all the three species of the reptile —1) freshwater gharials, 2) muggers and 3) saltwater crocodiles. G
don’t survive a fight between them. Gharials is a critically endangered species in Schedule 1 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 197
(GSM2: Comparing Constitution) Nepal Govt decided to export sand and crushed stones to India to reduce trade deficit. But, Ne
a long-term impact on natural resources and security in Nepal then 2/3 majority in the House required. But this was not done s
सरकार का विदेश के साथ समझौता/संधि कर rhi हो, जिससे नेपाल कि प्राकृ तिक संसाधन /सुरक्षा पर दीर्घावधि में असर करने वाला हो। तो ऐसे समझौते को सदन में बहुमत से पारित करवाना ज़रूरी। 2
किन्तु सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने उस पर रोक लगायी है कि पहले सदन में इस समझौते को बहुमत से पास करो।
Cancel culture/Woke culture: US budget document: used the word “birthing people” instead of the word “mothers”. Because 1)
IVF 2) sometimes mother gave birth to a child and then Mother underwent sex-change operation. Critics argue this much over-
healthy development for society. अमरीकी बजट के दस्तावेजों में ‘माता’ की जगह ‘जन्म देने वाले व्यक्ति’ शब्द का प्रयोग- आलोचकों का ये मानना है कि समलैंगिकों का तुष्टिकरण ज़रूरत
से देखने माहोल। ये समाज के लिए एक अच्छी निशानी नहीं है।
VIP Culture / crowd control: Kutch district’s celebrity Folk Singer Geeta Rabari telephoned primary health care Centre (PHC) , “I
will gather for selfies, and social distancing norms will be violated so send the govt-nurse to give me vaccine at my home.” Nurs
singer. Later social media outcry. As Kutch District collector (IAS) how will you address this controversy? 🤔 points to consider 1
They should inform the police in advance so that crowd control can be done. 2) VIP culture / privileged persons complete the q
equally precious 3). Such VIP treatment / queue-jumping encouraged by the Government officials - ordinary people feel demoti
to get rich / famous quickly to enjoy such VIP life. 4) such VIP treatment may also results in siphoning of the government resou
bullying and physical assault in public places. 5) Celebrity could have waited for a few more days to get vaccinated at expensive
home-vaccination was the right course of action she should have taken permission of the higher authorities. Conclusion? the go
punishment. कच्छ ज़िले की मशहूर लोकगायिका ने सरकारी नर्स को कहा कि मैं टीका लगवाने अस्पताल आऊँ गी तो मेरे साथ सेल्फ़ी के चक्कर में बोहोत ज़्यादा भीड़ जमा हो जाएगी जो कोरोना संक्र
लगवाया। बाद में सोशल मीडिया ने विरोध। डिस्ट्रिक्ट कलेक्टर के रूप में आप क्या क़दम उठाएंगे? क्या हर ज़िंदगी एक समान रूप से क़ीमती नहीं है? क्या कु छ लोगों को इस प्रकार की वीआईपी सहूलियत
VIP Culture in Vaccination/Brain-Drain: foreign govt/foreign universities insist that students coming from India must get vaccina
that local authorities should organise special vaccination camps for them so they can leave India on time, their flights are alread
Corporation organised etc organised such special drive. Critics argue these students are doing brain drain. So what is the benef
the municipal commissioner (IAS) how will you address this controversy? भारत के विद्यार्थियों ने विदेशी कॉलेजों में दाख़िला तो लिया किं तु विदेशी सरकारी उन्हें
विद्यार्थियों की मदद के लिए सूरत महानगर पालिका द्वारा ख़ास टीकाकरण मुहिम- जिसका सोशल मीडिया में विरोध कि “वैसे भी वैक्सीन की क़िल्लत है तो ये विदेश गमन करने वाले को वरीयता क्यों दी जा
कमिशनर के रूप में आप इस शिकायत को कै से संबोधित करेंगे?
VIP Cheaters: Zerodha is a share market related start-up company. Its founder Nikhil Kamath participated in a friendly online ch
defeated Anand. Later the online chess website’s algorithm / internal supervisors found that Nikhil must have cheated because
moves by himself so they & banned Nikhil account. Lateron Nikhil also accepted and apologise that during the online match he
software to cheat against Anand. Although Nikhil’s supporters/Bhakts feels there is nothing really unethical/wrong in it because
donations, and in fact this controversy helped a gathering more page views and more donations and more ad revenue! 🤔Points
trial match every participant must show sportsmanship 2) if start-up company founder is engaging in such activity it also influen
shortcuts. 3) particularly share market trading owner should behave in a more responsible manner because financial markets ar
discourages ordinary investors from parking money in the share market. 4) Some start up founders with easy access to billions
arrogant that money can buy everything as per their liking so they have no qualms about doing unethical things. they expresse
कं पनी के मालिक निखिल और विश्वनाथ आनंद के बीच शतरंज के ओनलाइन मुक़ाबला। प्रेक्षकों द्वारा दान में मिली रक़म चंदे में दी जाएगी। किन्तु निखिल ने ऑनलाइन प्रतियोगिता के दौरान धोखा धड़ी वाले
आनंद को भी हरा दिया। हालाँकि बाद में विशेषज्ञों ने उसकी धोखा धड़ी पकड़ ली तो निखिल ने अफ़सोस जताया, और वो चिकनी चुपड़ी बातें करने लगा कि “ये तो असली प्रतियोगिता नहि थी ये तो के वल
की हो वो कोई बहुत बुरी बात नहीं. मैं तो बस ऐसे ही मस्ती कर रहाँ था।” 🤔बिना कठोर परिश्रम के कु छ स्टार्टअप कं पनी के संस्थापकों को अरबों रुपये जो मिल गए हैं तो वे सोचते हैं पैसों से कु छ भी ख़
दिखाते जब तक सोशल मीडिया में हंगामा न हो.
Garibo-ka-Masiha-giri: MLA Zeeshan Siddique and actor Sonu Sood were supplying Covid drugs to people based on requests on
distributed only by order/permission of discretion of the Central government. Bombay HC observed these people (celebrities an
messiahs without verifying if the drugs were spurious or if the supply was illegal. If such celebrities engage in running parallel d
negative against the government even if government is honestly trying to supply the medicines. Such disaffection - not good fo
bhakts of farzi-babas / babubali elements. So, Bombay High Court directed the Maharashtra government to conduct a detailed i
कोरोना में ग़रीबों का मसीहा बनने के चक्कर में ऐसी दवाइयों को बाँट रहे हैं जो बिना कें द्र सरकार की अनुमति के नहि बाँटी जा सकती। तथा उनके द्वारा बाँटी जा रही दवाइयां वास्तव में असली है या नक़ली
जूझ रही है, अब ऐसे बड़े लोगों द्वारा (मसीहा बनने के चक्कर में) एक समांतर ग़ैर-सरकारी आपूर्ति शृंखलाप्रबंधन हो रहा है, जो लोगों का सरकार में विश्वास कम करता है। जो भागीदारीयुक्त लोकतंत्र के लिए
के पास अपनी हर एक समस्या के निदान के लिए जाते हैं, और अंत में ख़ुद ठगे/शोषित हो जाते हैं।
Political corruption: Gambler Gaurav Sharma started calling Punjab Congress leaders pretending/impersonating to be political ca
Congress politicians to give him lakhs of rupees then he will project positive image to high-command & then get election tickets
complain to police because it will bring them more defamation / negative public perception that they were paying money to get
Emboldened by this hesitation of victims, Gambler Gaurav Sharma also duped politicians in Bihar, Rajasthan, Haryana and West
himself is taking shortcut and gets duped- becomes difficult for him to approach others for justice. 2) however even innocent vi
scams also fear defamation and therefore do not approach the police. 3) so police needs to constantly engage in citizen trust bu
कि “मैं प्रशांत किशोर बोल रहा हूँ। यदि आप मुझे लाखों रूपए देंगे तो मैं आला-कमान मैं आपकी सकारात्मक छवि पेश करूँ गा तो आपको भविष्य में चुनावी टिकट मिल पाएगा” इस लालच में कई नेता ठगे ग
जब आप जीत हासिल करने के लिए अनैतिक तरीक़ों का इस्तेमाल करते हैं, उसका यह नुक़सान है कि यदि आप ठगे गए तो- आप पुलिस में शिकायत नहीं कर पाएंगे! क्योंकि आपका ख़ुद का तरीक़ा अनैति
Celebrity endorsements: Footballer Cristiano Ronaldo pushed aside Coca Cola what else during a press conference and advise t
price from $56 to $55 (because the investors felt that after celebrity snub the sales of Coca-Cola may decline so better to exit fr
expensive gym trainers and personal dieticians. They avoid junk food and soft drinks to control their weight and look attractive
money, they peddle harmful products including VIMAL Gutkha. So ,basically SRK shd take an ethics lesson from Ronaldo. मशहूर फ़ु
को हटा दिया और प्रेक्षकों को बताया कि वे पानी पिए। रोनाल्डो की इस कार्य से कोला कं पनी की बिक्री में गिरावट होगी इस डर से निवेशकों भागने लगे जिससे कोकाकोला कम्पनी के शेयर के दामों में गिराव
भारत में कई सेलिब्रिटी ख़ुद तो तंदुरुस्त और स्वस्थ रहने के लिए खानपान में काफ़ी परहेज़ रखते हैं किं तु विज्ञापनों में पैसा कमाने के चक्कर में विमल गुटका और बाबा इलयाचि के विज्ञापन करते रहते हैं तो
Quote: If all you’re doing is casting stones, you’re probably not going to get that far.— BARACK OBAMA (यदि आप फिर पत्थर ही फें कते/बोते
International Day of Yoga- 21 June. UN General Assembly passed a resolution about this in 2014. 2021’s theme: "Yoga for well
Appointment: Iran New President Ebrahim Raisi wins.
US – Russia Presidential summit @Geneva Switzerland. Outcome? 1) joint statement not released. Presidents conducted separa
neither president invited other president to visit their country. 3) Biden said he discussed arms control, cyber attack, etc. And o
meeting for Diplomacy. 4) Biden warned Putin of devastating consequences if jailed opposition leader Alexei Navalny died. अमेरिका
मुलाक़ात, क्योंकि बिडेन का मानना है कि वीडियो कॉन्फ्रें सिंग से कू टनीति प्रभावी रूप से नहीं हो पाती। प्रत्यक्ष मुलाक़ात ज़रूरी है। हालाँकि इस मुलाक़ात के बाद दोनों राष्ट्रपतियों ने साझा पत्रकार मंत्रणा नहीं
में सौहार्द बनना बाक़ी है।
UNGA resolution against Myanmar generals for human rights violation, usurping democracy, called for arms embargo. Myanmar
Although, Myanmar military generals have ordered him to resign. Belarus voted no because it is in the similar controversy of su
resolution because 1) India’s views have not been reflected in the draft. 2) India believes resolution drafted hastily. Since end o
against Myanmar for four times. 3) perhaps India requires cooperation of Myanmar military to combat the ULFA, drug trafficking
पारित- की म्यांमार में सैन्य जनरलों द्वारा मानवाधिकारों का हनन, लोकतंत्र का हनन निंदनीय है, तथा सदस्य राष्ट्रों को म्यान्मार को हथियार बेचने से मनाई। भारत इस प्रस्ताव की मतदान-प्रक्रिया में ग़ैर हाज़ि
लिखा गया जल्दबाज़ी में मसौदा बनाया गया। हालाँकि आलोचकों का यह भी मानना है कि उल्फ़ा इत्यादि उग्रवादी समूह के ख़िलाफ़ म्यांमार सेना की मदद के लिए भारत सरकार ने एसा कर rhi है।
Appointment: Mahmud Jamal- first Indian origin person to become a judge in to the Supreme Court of Canada.
Death: Runner/Athlete Milkha Singh. moniker “Flying Sikh”. 1958 won 400m and 200m gold medals in Tokyo Asian Games. his
in Indian Army. His Son Jeev Milkha Singh is golfer. Wife Nirmal was Volleyball captain. प्रसिद्ध धावक मिल्खा सिंह का निधन
Minority education institutes: TMA Pai Foundation case (2002) - rules will apply equally for minority and majority educational ins
government mandates that in the minority educational institutes no teacher can be appointed without clearing Teachers’ Aptitud
institutes in Gujarat- religious (muslim, Christian, Parsi, Jew, Sikh) linguistic (Sindhi, Marathi, Urdu etc). So the minority institute
rule violates the minority Institutes’ rights under Article 30 (1) of the Constitution of India.” हालाँकि अल्पसंख्यक शिक्षा संस्थानों को अपनी प्रशासनिक
था कि राष्ट्रहित में बहुसंख्यक और अल्पसंख्यक दोनों ही प्रकार के शैक्षणिक शिक्षा संस्थानों पर एक समान नियम लागू हो सकते हैं। गुजरात राज्य सरकार का नया नियम की अल्पसंख्यक शिक्षा संस्थानों में भी
हाई कोर्ट में गए कि हमारे संवैधानिक अधिकारों का हनन हो रहा है। हमारे अल्पसंख्यक शिक्षा संस्थानों की शिक्षक भर्ती/चयन प्रक्रिया में सरकारी दख़ल नहीं होनी चाहिए।
CBSE/ College admission does not recognise School certificates of Ramdev’s Acharyakulam; RSS’s Vidya Bharati schools, and Ar
set up Bharatiya Shiksha Board (BSB), a national school board on Vedic education. 😢 controversy? The administration of BSB g
argue this is done without due diligence / given favouritism to Baba Ramdev. भारत सरकार ने भारतीय शिक्षा बोर्ड की स्थापना की थी ताकि बाबा रामदेव के
और नौकरी के लिए वैद्य बन सके
Slavery: Juneteenth / emancipation day - 19th June 1866: this day marks the end of slavery in USA. 2021- US PRESIDENT Bide
में ग़ुलाम प्रणाली को बंद किया गया था
Election symbol after internal rebellion / split in a party: e.g. 1978: Congress (Indira) and Congress (Tiwari). Then who gets to
Election commission of India will start quasi-judicial proceedings under Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 19
to support their claim over the symbol. Factors to consider 1) Number of supporters in each faction 2) majority among elected M
property to be divided between co-owners. Only 1 faction can keep it.”. 2021: it is in news again because internal rebellion/spli
एक राजनीतिक पक्ष में बँटवारा होता है तो चुनाव चिन्ह किस पक्ष को मिलेगा ये चुनाव आयोग तय करता है। ऐसे मामलों में दोनों ही गुटों ने अपने समर्थकों की संख्या, अपने विधायक सांसदों की संख्या – चु
चुनाव चिन्ह कोई संपत्ति नहीं जिसका दो लोगों में बँटवारा हो सके वह किसी एक को ही मिल सकता है। मामला वापस चर्चा में आया क्योंकि राम विलास पासवान के पक्ष में बग़ावत और बँटवारा हो रहा है
Representation of peoples act Section 100: election petition can be filed to declare a result void IF 1) winning candidate was no
winning candidate has indulged in a corrupt practice e.g. bribery, coercion e.g. Examples Allahabad High Court verdict of 1975
held void on grounds of corrupt practice because SP/DM etc. Helped in arranging her election tours. 2021In News because Mam
she has filed similar appeal against the winner Suvendhu Adhikari। जन प्रतिनिधित्व क़ानून के अंतर्गत किसी चुनाव के नतीजे को रद्द करने के लिए याचिका दायर हो
(उदाहरण के रूप में नागरिकतव/आयु) यदि उम्मीदवार चुनाव जीतने के लिए एक भ्रष्ट तरीक़ों का इस्तेमाल कर रहा था. मामला चर्चा में क्योंकि नंदीग्राम से चुनाव हारने के बाद ममता बैनर्जी ने विजेता सवेंदु
Sedition: Delhi Police booked 3 students under Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act for terror charges. Delhi HC granted them ba
State, 1) line between the constitutionally guaranteed right to protest vs terrorist activity is getting blurred. 2) Phrase ‘terrorist a
criminal acts. 3) protests against Governmental and Parliamentary actions are legitimate 4) Government may even prohibit pub
traffic. But the Government cannot close all streets for public meetings. दिल्ली पुलिस ने तीन विद्यार्थियों को आतंकवाद राजद्रोह के मामले में गिरफ़्तार किया था। हि
प्रदर्शन करने का भी अधिकार है उसमें और आतंकवाद में भेद रेखा है। किं तु के वल कोई व्यक्ति सरकार का विरोध कर रहा है तो बिना सबूतों की गंभीरता देखे, एसे प्रदर्शनकारी पर आतंकवाद का आरोप लगा
(GSM2) Comparing constitution: 2020 Saudi Arabia govt said they’ll no longer give death sentence to people who committed cri
man for his crimes committed while under the age of 18.🤔 situation in India: Juvenile Justice Act of 2000 was amended in 201
they committed a heinous offence e.g. rape / murder. But whether they can be given death penalty for it? Expert opinion varies
जाएगा किन्तु 2021 में एक ऐसे आदमी को मृत्युदंड दिया गया जिसने अपराध वास्तव में नाबालिग उम्र में किया था। भारत में भी 16-18 वर्ष के किशोर यदि जघन्य अपराध जैसे हत्या बलात्कार में पकड़े
है। हालाँकि क्या ऐसे नाबालिगों को मृत्युदंड दिया जा सकता है इस पर विशेषज्ञ एकमत नहि है।
Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985: it prohibits the selling or financing of narcotic drugs. it was amended in
for hospitals. As a result the modified some sections and the word of finance was deleted. So because of this clerical drafting er
narcotic operation – cannot be punished because the word was deleted. Even if government again amends the act criminal laws
तस्करी या ऐसे तस्करों का वित् पोषण करने वाले लोगों को क़ानूनन सजा हो सकती है हालाँकि 214 में जब इस क़ानून में संशोधन हुआ तो कारकू न/अफ़सरों की गलती के चलते “वित् पोषण” शब्द डिली
मामला ग़ैर क़ानूनी है ही नहीं! हालाँकि कें द्र सरकार वापस क़ानून में संशोधन कर आप इस शब्द को वापस ला सकती है लेकिन आपराधिक मामलों में क़ानूनी संशोधन पुरानी तारीख़ से वैध नहि होते।
⚾️📻⚾️✋ controversy abt the purchase of land in Ayodhya for the temple project.
social media intermediary guidelines / safe harbour rules: any intermediary (YouTube Facebook Twitter) shall not be held legall
point A to point B, without interfering. But they have to appoint grievance officers. Twitter is not eligible for this protection as it
guidelines. यदि ट्विटर फ़े सबुक जैसी सोशल मीडिया मध्यस्थ शिकायत निवारण अधिकारी की नियुक्ति करते हैं और क़ानून में दिए गए दायित्वों को ज़िम्मेदारी से निभाते हैं तो फिर उनके मंच पर जो कि
लिए वे (ट्विटर फ़े सबुक) क़ानूनन ज़िम्मेदार नहीं मानी जाएंगे। । हालाँकि ट्विटर मैं इस प्रकार के शिकायत निवारण अधिकारी की तय समय में नियुक्ति नहीं हुई थी। बाद में जिसे नियुक्त किया, वह आदमी भी नौ
की क़ानूनन सुरक्षा नहीं मिलेगी।
Censorship: Indian Broadcasting Foundation (IBF) self-regulatory body for television channels. Now, over the top of platforms (
come under the purview of it. So, IBF be renamed as Indian Broadcasting and Digital Foundation (IBDF). It’ll be a self-regulator
amend the Cable Television Network Rules, 1994 to give legal recognition to this organisation. टेलिविज़न तथा वेब सीरीज़ निर्माता हूँ की स्व-नियंत्र
Enrica Lexie case: 2012- two Italian marine soldiers on this ship killed Kerala fishermen thinking they are pirates. the United Na
1982→ India is a signatory party of this treaty. UNCLOS Arbitral tribunal ruled 1) Italian government to pay more than 10cr rup
investigation against the Italian marines will stop in India and continue in Italy. End result? Supreme Court closed all proceeding
कु छ वर्षों पहले इटली के मरीन सैनिकों ने के रेला के मछु आरों को समुद्री लुटेरा समझती गोली मार दी थी। समुद्री कानूनों की अंतरराष्ट्रीय संधि के अंतर्गत बने मध्यस्थता ट्रिब्युनल ने यह आदेश दिया कि के रल
के ख़िलाफ़ मुक़दमे बंद किए जाएंगे और बाक़ी की आपराधिक जाँच/कार्रवाई इटली में होगी। इस समझौते के पश्चात भारत के सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने यह मामला भारत में बंद कर दिया है।
Vaccine compulsion: Pakistan’s Sindh province government announced 1) if government employee is not taking vaccine then hi
vaccine their SIM cards will be blocked. 🤔 points to consider: 1) India has more number of mobile phones than toilets so sim ca
vaccinated -provided that we have enough supply of vaccines!!
Vaccine Hoax / Rumor: 100 years ago Horses injected with diphtheria bacteria: they could develop antibodies→ extract the anti
also be used for vaccine related components e.g. Milk (sugars such as galactose), cow bones (gelatin) etc. 2021: social media h
company’s Covaxin vaccine contains serum of a newborn calf. But government issued clarification -it is a fake news. सोशल मीडिया में
होता है। हालाँकि सरकार ने सफ़ाई दी कि ये अफ़वाह है।
PM launches crash course to train 1 lakh ‘Covid warriors’ in six customised job roles — Home Care Support, Basic Care Support,
Sample Collection Support, and Medical Equipment Support. कोरोना के दौरान लोगों की चिकित्सा, देखभाल, स्वास्थ्य उपकरणों की मरम्मत इत्यादि के लिए एक लाख

Antibodies are protein is created by body to fight a viral infection. Monoclonal antibodies are artificial antibodies created using t
designed to target a virus or part of virus. Swiss drug giant Roche’s REGEN-COV2 is a cocktail of two monoclonal antibodies dev
of this medicine: Rs 1.20 lakh per pack. वायरस संक्रमण से लड़ने के लिए शरीर एंटीबॉडी बनाता है। प्रयोगशाला में कृ त्रिम रूप से ऐसी एंटीबॉडी बनाए जाए तो उसे मोनोक्लोनल एंटीबॉ
Women in science: NATIONAL SCIENCE Day 2020 dedicated to “women scientists”. While the number of PhD science scholars f
managed to become head of department (HoD) universities, Director generals of scientific institutions / ICAR / ICMR / ISRO / C
publications because of childbirth and family responsibilities 2) male-biasedness / patriarchal attitude by the interview selection
scientist are not as frequently invited to international conferences, seminars, journal review work compared to male scientist. 4
university then wife-even if meritorious-may not be given appointment in the same university fearing nepotism. She cannot find
family responsibilities. she may have to give up the career. हालाँकि राष्ट्रीय विज्ञान दिवस 2020 को महिला वैज्ञानिकों को समर्पित किया गया था किन्तु बड़े आधिकारि
ज़िम्मेदारी तथा पुरुष प्रधान रवैये के चलते वे अपने करियर में आगे नहीं बढ़ पाती।
Satellite based Internet Services- 1) Bharti group backed-OneWeb 2) Elon Musk’s SpaceX. But, the cost of satellite-based intern
fibre/broadban so, due to which it has not been widely adopted by end users. Department of Telecommunications (DoT): till da
to start their satellite internet service. सैटेलाइट द्वारा इंटरनेट प्रक्षेपित करना हालाँकि बहुत महँगा है इसके लिए भी ज़्यादा लोग इसका उपयोग नहीं करते
Shenzhou-12/“Divine Vessel” - Chinese spacecraft related to China’s space station. Tianhe the name of module in China’s space
में अपना के न्द्र स्थापित करेगा और वहाँ चीनी अवकाश यात्री तीन महीने रुकें गे
RBI increased ATM money withdrawal fees. Such BankingGK not greatly important for IAS. Arguments in favour of increasing th
ATM/CCTV/ security guards 2) if ATM transaction fees are increased then people will prefer to do Digital payment using UPI/BH
scope for black money, tax evasion, counterfeit currency. ATM में कार्ड डालकर अपना पैसा उठाओगे तो उस पर कितनी फ़ीस लगेगी इसके नियमों में कु छ सख़्ती/बढ़ोत
ATM से पैसा निकालने पर फ़ीस बढ़ाने की आवश्यकता है क्योंकि बैंकों को भी ATM नेटवर्क चलाने के लिए लागत ख़र्च आता है। लोग खुद ही समझ कर पैसा नक़दी में निकालने की वजह डिजिटल भुग
⚾️📻⚾️✋ SEBI judgement on Franklin Templeton Asset Management Company (AMC)’s mutual fund / debt fund schemes. News
how this scam happened and then some inexperienced private quiz masters are setting up technical MCQ abt high-level financia
the scope of exam. अपनी परीक्षा के लिए बहुत काम का नहीं है
⚾️📻⚾️✋US regulators asks Banks/NBFCs to stop using LIBOR. Matter already taught in Win21 Lecture series.
Maharashtra is pushing for Beed model of crop insurance- This much technical reform thing is not important for the scope of ex
from the crop insurance topic. for example how it can help saving farmer distress etc. इस प्रकार की तकनीकी चीज़ें बहुत काम की नहि, क्योंकि मुख्य प
और क्या सुधार कर सकते हैं। महाराष्ट्र का बिड मॉडेल क्या है वो तकनीकी चीजें समझाने भी बैठे तो आपकी १५०-२५० शब्दसीमा था उससे पहले ही ख़त्म हो जाएगी
Fiscal prudence / austerity measures: finance Ministry has ordered all the other ministries and departments to reduce 20% expe
allowance, staff rewards, travel expenses, minor building maintenance/repair work. Reason? ⏬tax income post-corona so can’t
मंत्रालयों और विभागों को आदेश दिया है कि अपने विज्ञापन ख़र्च यात्रा ख़र्च में 20 प्रतिशत की कटौती करे क्योंकि कोरोना के बाद सरकार के कर राजस्व/आमदनी में कटौती हुई है तो सभी फ़िज़ूल खर्ची स
GST rates on Corona related goods: vaccines unchanged at 5%. Covid-related medicine Tocilizumab 5%→ 0%, Black Fungus m
12% to 5%. Hand sanitisers: 18% to 5%. Covid-testing kits 12% to 5%. Vaccine GST not ⏬0% because then pharma manufac
will increase the burden on the end user. वैक्सीन के अलावा वाली कोरोना की दवाइयाँ, इस चिकित्सा दोनों पर GST की दरें कम की गई है। वैक्सीन पर GST को शून्य नहीं कि
अदा किया गया GST माफ़ी भी नहीं मिलेगा तो ग्राहक पर क़ीमतों का बोझ बढ़ता है
G7 Summit-2021: theme is ‘Build Back Better’. Venue: Cornwall, England. Members: US, UK, France, Germany, Italy, Canada an
vaccines to poor nations 2) criticised China for human right violation in Xinjiang and Hong Kong 3) demanded investigation into
minimum tax framework of 15% - This Will be covered in Mrunal’s Win21 Series। “फिर से अच्छा बनाएंगे” इस थीम के साथ जी सेवन समूह सम्मेलन हुआ
दिलवाए जाएंगे। कोण संक्रमण कहाँ से फै ला उसकी जाँच की माँग होगी। चीन के मानव अधिकार हनन की निंदा की गयी। बहुराष्ट्रीय कम्पनियों पर न्यूनतम 15 प्रतिशत कर/टेक्स की माँग।
MSP Criticism: Modi government has raised the minimum support price (MSP) of the 2021-22 paddy crop by Rs 72 per quintal.
(FCI) overflowing 2) India’s rice exports are increasing and some critics believe that lot of these subsidised rice has been divert
cultivation requires lot of water - we are ‘exporting water’. वैसे ये मुद्दा अखबारो में काफ़ी बार पहले भी रिपीट हो चुका है कि भारत सरकार चावल पर न्यूनतम समर्थन मू
के चलते भूजल का दुरुपयोग बढ़ता है। सरकारी गोदामों से ये अनाज- भ्रष्ट अफ़सरों और माफ़ियाओं द्वारा चुराकर विदेशों में निर्यात किया जा रहा है।
RAMP programme - by World Bank’s International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) for helping MSME performa
लिए विश्व बैंक का ramp प्रोग्राम
Performance Grading Index (PGI) by EDUCATION Ministry for 2019-20. To monitor performance of school. It collects data from
Plus (UDISE), 2) National Achievement Survey (NAS), 3) Mid-Day Meal. Ranking: It has 10 levels. Level 1 indicates top-notch pe
achieved highest score and Meghalaya lowest score. विद्यालय गुणवत्ता परीक्षण के लिए शिक्षा मंत्रालय का PGI सूचकांक जिसमें पंजाब को सबसे ज़्यादा और मेघालय को स
Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World University Rankings (WUR): only four institutes of India managed to get into Top-200 positio
Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bengaluru. Additionally, IISc Bengaluru ranked as number one research Institute. विश्वविद्यालयों
दोसौ की श्रेणी में आ पाए हैं। यानी की संशोधन और विकास तथा उच्च शिक्षा में अभी और ज़्यादा निवेश की आवश्यकता है
POSHAN 2.0 Prime Minister’s Scheme for Holistic Nourishment (POSHAN): guidelines 1) Focus is on the 1,000 days between a m
2) take-home rations 3) “Poshan Tracker” portal to moniter — pregnant women, lactating mothers, children and adolescents. 4)
मिशन पोषण के द्वितीय चरण के दिशा निर्देश जारी किए गए। कु ल मिलाकर माता, बच्चों और किशोरीओ के कु पोषण से लड़ने के लिए कदम उठाए जाएँगे।
Atmanirbhar Bharat: Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana 3.0 phase: Entitlement? 5 kg of wheat or rice. Given free of cost to ar
Security Act (NFSA). Duration: May to November 2021. प्रधानमंत्री ग़रीब कल्याण योजना- तीसरा चरण: ग़रीबों को पाँच किलो के क या चावल मुफ़्त में हर महीने दिया जाएगा
Cicadas insects live underground typically 13-17 years. They come out of ground for reproduction. They do not bite or sting but
protein. USA President flight delayed because of such swarm / brood. सिकाड़ा एक क़िस्म के किटक होते हैं जो इतिहास और ज़मीन के नीचे रहते हैं और के वल प्र
हैं अमेरिका में किटक उपद्रव के चलते चर्चा में
Heritage trees: if a tree is 50 years or older then more strict rules before allowing it to be cut down for road building and other
concept by amending Maharashtra (Urban Areas) Protection and Preservation of Trees Act, 1975. In every PRI/ULB there will be
approvals. How to determine the age of a tree? Ans. Its science/ technique is known as “dendrochronology” i.e. —dating of tree
ज़्यादा उम्र के हैं। सड़क मकान निर्माण इत्यादि के दौरान उन्हें काटने के नियमों को और सख़्त बनाने के लिए महाराष्ट्र सरकार क़ानून में संशोधन करेगी। हर स्थानीय इकाई में वृक्ष अधिकरण संस्था बनायी जा
Creating new Officers’ Cadre: Scams in Banks (Yes Bank, PMC-Punjab Maharashtra cooperative bank, PNB-NiravModi, ICICI-Vid
suggested a Officer cadre called “specialised supervisory and regulatory cadre (SSRC)” in 2019. Original idea was to depute the
association is opposed to this idea alleging it was prepared without detailed study, lacked clarity, vision and experience. Points t
promotion and transfer will be affected by this parallel hierarchy 2) Will it not be possible to increase the powers of the existing
cadre? 3) will It not result in interagency-conflict is similar to CBI VS NIA vs Local Police? 4) increase the cost of recruitment an
you have or if you think this is the right decision how will you get it implemented? विभिन्न बैंकिं ग और ग़ैर बैंकिं ग कं पनियों में धांधलियों के बाद रिज़र्व बैंक ने
था किं तु रिज़र्व बैंक के खुर के अफ़सर इसका विरोध कर रहे हैं कि यह बिना गम्भीर जाँच सर्वेक्षण किए एसे ही हवाबाज़ी मीडिया की सुर्खियां बटोरने के लिए रखा गया है। क्योंकि रिज़र्व बैंक तथा सेबी के वर्त
रोका जा सकता है अलग 1 नया ऑफ़िसर कै डर बनाने पर तनख़्वाह का बोझ बढ़ेगा और विभिन्न संस्थाओं के बीच आपसी संघर्ष में बढ़ोतरी होगी जैसा कि CBI और स्थानीय पुलिस के बीच होता है। रिज़
Fake caste certificate: Amravati MP Navneet Kaur-Rana contested election using fake SC caste certificate. Bombay HC confiscat
consider? 1) Victory through any means – in competitive exams, job selection, elections, business - difficult to expect corruption
government job/ political victory through fake certificate then- he would engage in corrupt practices to recover his investment i
want to do corruption and he may be blackmailed by the other persons who helps him acquire the fake certificate. 4) it deprive
community to get selected. लोकसभा चुनाव में दलित समाज के लिए आरक्षित सीट से चुनाव लड़ने के लिए एक सांसद ने फ़र्ज़ी जातिप्रमाण पत्र निकलवाया। बॉम्बे हाईकोर्ट ने उसके प्रमाणप
जीत हासिल करने की मनोकामना हमें भ्रष्टाचार मुक्त समाज का निर्माण नहीं करने देगी। जो व्यक्ति ख़ुद नक़ली प्रमाण पत्र के द्वारा सरकारी नौकरी या से चुनाव जीता है वो नक़ली प्रमाण पत्र ख़रीदने में हुए पैसों
न अभी करना चाहे तो जिन लोगों ने उसे नक़ली प्रमाण पत्र बनवा के लिया है वे लोग भी उसे ब्लैकमेल करके अपने ग़लत काम करवाएँगे। इस प्रकार की धाँधली से जिन्हें वास्तविक रूप से आरक्षण मिलना चा
England fast bowler Ollie Robinson suspended from cricket matches for old racist and sexist posts. E.g. “My new Muslim friend
like this ¦)”, “The guy next to me on the train definitely has Ebola.” However, British PM Boris Johnson believes that “England cr
he had written those comments he was a youngster. After 10 years his emotional maturity has increased and he has since apol
Counterview: 1) Ollie was 18 years old when he had tweeted those offensive messages. An 18-year-old person who is eligible t
supposed to behave in a responsible and respectful manner on a public platform 2) if cricketers are allowed to go scot-free then
will also think it is okay to write such offensive messages, say sorry- all will be forgiven. इंग्लैंड के क्रिके ट बॉलर रॉबिंसन ने आज से 10 साल पहले अ
ट्विटर पर उन गले मुर्दों को निकाल कर हंगामा किया गया, तो इंग्लैंड क्रिके ट बोर्ड ने रॉबिंसन को सस्पेंड किया है। हालाँकि ब्रिटिश प्रधानमंत्री बोरिस जॉनसन का मानना है कि आवश्यक रूप से क्रिके टर पर ज़
भावनात्मक परिपक्वता पता नहीं। अब तो उसने माफ़ी भी माँग ली है तो उसे सस्पेंड नहीं करना चाहिए।विरोध में तर्क ? आज से 10 साल पहले भी वो क्रिके टर अठारह साल का था, दूध पीता बच्चा नहि था,
जाएगा
Racism तो उनके भक्त समर्थक
in injury यह सोचेंगे कि ट्विटर AMERICAN
compensation: पर अश्वेतों के ख़िलाफ़, एशियाई Football
National मूल के व्यक्तियों के ख़िलाफ़,
League अल्पसंख्यकों
(NFL) players के ख़िलाफ़,
open महिलाओं के ख़िलाफ़
get head कु छ भीduring
injuries आपत्तिजनक
theबयान रखनाplay
game कोई
The sporting federation will pay them compensation but they have to prove that indeed their mental capacity has decreased. Bu
are low then he may be denied compensation on the grounds that such low result are “normal” for their race. Social Media/ Pub
अमरीकी फ़ु टबॉल में सर पर चोट लगने से खिलाड़ी की मानसिक क्षमता कम होती है तब उसे मुआवज़े के रूप में पैसा दिया जाता है, किन्तु खिलाड़ी ने यह साबित करना होता है कि वास्तव में उसकी मानसि
खिलाड़ियों की सर-चोट-मुआवज़ा-अर्ज़ी सामान्य रूप से ख़ारिज कर दी जाती है की तुम अश्वेत लोग तो वैसे भी कम मानसिक क्श्म्त वाले हो, इसलिए स्तर पर चोट लगने से तुम्हारी मानसिक क्षमता कम
ख़िलाफ़ हंगामा हो रहा है
Vaccine Compulsion: Madhya Pradesh's Niwari district policemen conducting checks on roads. Those who not vaccinated are ma
rahein, maine abhi corona ka tika nahi lagwaya (Stay away from me, I haven't got vaccinated for Covid) and also made to take
days. Whereas those who are vaccinated - they are given national flag and badge: “Mein saccha deshbhakt hoon kyunki maine
because I have been vaccinated).” Points to consider 1) there is still a shortage of vaccine in many parts of India so without inv
simply humiliating him with a poster/blackface - injustice. 2) if check posts were created to detain the non-vaccinated person, t
vaccine to such people on the spot! मध्य प्रदेश में पुलिस वाले के रास्ते पर नाकाबंदी कर लोगों को रोक कर पूछताछ करते हैं जिन लोगों ने वैक्सीन लिया है उनको राष्ट्रध्वज और स्टिक
वैक्सीन नहीं लिया उनके गले पर पोस्टर डाल दिया जाता है कि “मुझसे दूर रहे”. ग़ौर करने के विषय- जब वैसे भी वैक्सीन की क़िल्लत है तो बिना जाँच पड़ताल कीये किसी व्यक्ति को जलील/बेज्जत करना
नहीं, उसके गाँव में टीकाकरण ही नहीं हो रहा है इसलिए वो टीका नहीं लगवा पाए। और यदि पुलिस इतने ही उत्साह में है तो नाकाबंदी में डॉक्टर और नर्स को भी साथ में खड़ा रखा जाए ताकि जिन लोगों
जाए।
Choice of words: 1) Gujarat Edu Board directive: class 10 students who are passed without exam due to Corona - write phrase
certificate. Later public protests that such phrase is humiliating, it may result in ostracization of the student in the future years i
Board replaced the phrase with “secondary education complete”. शब्दों का अनुचित प्रयोग- गुजरात में दसवीं कक्षा में बिना परीक्षा दिए जिन बच्चों को पास किया गया
था लोगों ने विरोध किया कि ये तो एक प्रकार से लांछन रूप शब्द है- भविष्य में इन विद्यार्थियों को कॉलेज दाख़िले में नौकरी पाने में दिक़्क़त आ सकती है इसलिए अब गुजरात शिक्षा बोर्ड ने तय किया कि
SHRI PARAS Hospital a “mock drill” viral video where doctor suggested cutting oxygen supply. Later it turned out that no such m
explained series is required on this matter! पूरे मामले में कोई दम ही नहीं। फ़ालतू में बहूत लंबी लंबी समाचार लिखे जा रही है। के सस्टडी बनाने के लिए और भी हज़ार ग़म है दुनि
Absenteeism: 2 Mumbai Police Constables stopped reporting to work since 2012. They were put on suspension. Suspended offi
without going for work, they continue to receive salary till 2021. Points to Consider: [1) biometric attendance system [2) Online
such absentee constable teachers clerks. [3) if they were working in a private sector company they would have been removed v
security / too many layers of immunity and appeals in suspension/dismissal matters- encourages absenteeism- harms good gov
लगा रहे थे. उन्हें सस्पेंड किया गया किन्तु सस्पेंड होने पर भी सरकारी कर्मचारी को अपनी मूल तनख्वा था 50-75प्रतिशत हिस्सा हर महीने दिया जाता है। तो ये दो पुलिसकर्मी पिछले दस सालों से इसी
इस्तेमाल से इस प्रकार के मुफ़्तख़ोर और गैरहाज़िर रहने वाले सरकारी कर्मियों पर सख़्ती की जाए। यदि पुलिस कर्मी शिक्षक डॉक्टर और नर्स ही गैरहाज़िर रहेंगे तो तहसील जिला स्तर पर सुरक्षा और सुशास
तुरंत निकाल दिया जाता है। सरकारी नौकरी में अनावश्यक रूप से कार्मिक-प्रशासन/ वेतन/ बर्खास्तगी के ख़िलाफ़ बोहोत ज़्यादा सुरक्षा के प्रावधान होते है। जिसके तहत आलसी और भ्रष्ट सरकारी कर्मचारि
Case Study: Chennai’s Stanley Medical College under probe because MBBS students forced to arrange money/accommodation/5
exams- otherwise veiled threat that student may be failed if he doesn’t pay Rs.10,000k minimum. Even if Student makes compl
viva exams are discretionary in nature. External evaluator may ask very easy question to those who have paid money but tough
secretary [IAS] how will you address this complain? छात्रों को चेन्नई के कॉलेज का आदेश आपकी लेब/प्रायोगिक/ मौखिक परीक्षा के लिए जो बाहर से परीक्षक आ रहे हैं- उन
ऐसा नहीं करेंगे तो आपको परीक्षा में फ़े ल भी किया जा सकता है. हालाँकि छात्र ऐसी शिकायत भी करें तो साबित करना काफ़ी मुश्किल होता है क्योंकि मौखिक परीक्षा में कितने आसान या कठिन प्रश्न पूछने
शिकायत को कै से संबोधित करेंगे?
Education management: in Gujarat’s Chhota Udaipur District, Number of students passing from class 10 to 11 less than 50% so
private sector schools are present for class 11-12. Now,2021: due to Corona mass-promotion all class 10 students have been pa
accommodate 15,000 extra students (who would have failed otherwise in an ordinary year if exam was conducted). But there a
Many students from poor /lower middle classes families can’t afford to reside in other districts’ hostels. As education secretary (
1) running schools in two shifts. Morning and noon but then how will you address the shortage of teachers? Government does n
- even formula in physical class versus online class. E.g. On Monday only roll number 1-3-5-7 Will come in the classroom while
since this is a backward (-aspirantion) district, so most of the families are poor and cannot afford Internet laptop electricity. गुजरा
परीक्षाओं में असफल रहते हैं, तो उसी अंदाज़े से वहाँ पर मर्यादित संख्या में ग्यारहवीं कक्षा के विद्यालय और शिक्षक नियुक्त है. हालाँकि अब कोरोना महामारी के चलते वर्ष 2021 में बिना परीक्षा दिए दसवी
कक्षा में दाख़िला लेना चाहते हैं किन्तु इतने तो विद्यालय और शिक्षक ही मौजूद नहीं है. के शिक्षा सचिव के रूप में आप इस समस्या को कै से संबोधित करेंगे? ज़्यादा शिक्षकों की नियुक्ति हो नहीं सकती क्यों
को अलग अलग दिनो पर बुलाया जाए कु छ बच्चों को प्रत्यक्ष शिक्षा और कु छ बच्चों को ऑन लाइन शिक्षा दी जाए लेकिन उन सब में भी इंटरनेट लैपटॉप की उपलब्धता इत्यादि समस्याएं हैं।
Freedom to make Movies: Film ‘Nyay: The Justice’ based on the death of Bollywood actor Sushant Singh Rajput (SSR). Some pe
because they feel it unnecessarily villifies certain people merely based on media trials and speculative conjectures. Even though
fictional work, still audience will draw conjectures. This will do real damage to reputation of real people associated with the SSR
petition by such people. बॉलीवुड फ़िल्म स्टार सुशांत सिंह राजपूत की मृत्यु पर बना चलचित्र। कु छ लोग इसके प्रसारण का विरोध कर रहे हैं कि बिना न्यायालय के फ़ै सले आए, सिर्फ़ मीडिया-
के रूप में दिखाकर जीवित व्यक्तीयो का चरित्र हनन हो रहा है। अब चाहे फ़िल्म की शुरुआत में ऐसे ही वैधानिक सूचना जारी की जाएगी इस कहानी के सारे पात्र काल्पनिक है फिर भी प्रेक्षक तो अंदाज़ा लगा
चाहिए ऐसी माँग/अर्जी को सेंसस अध्यक्ष के रूप में आप के से संबोधित करेंगे?
Superstition: Pratapgarh (UP): People built a “corona mata” temple, seeking divine grace to stay clear of the infection. However
people claimed the land belonged to them, and the temple construction was done to illegally occupied the land. Points to Consid
literacy rate (Census-2011) - Scientific temper needs to be inculcated in the public. Otherwise religious monuments constructed
encroachment then rioting by mob. Such superstitious people will even avoid taking vaccination → endangering themselves and
कोरोना माता का मंदिर बनाया यहाँ पर पूजा करने से कोरोना माता आपको महामारी से बचाएगी! हालाँकि उन्होंने जिस ज़मीन पर यह मंदिर बनाया था वहाँ कु छ और लोग भी अपना अधिकार बता रहे थे औ
दिया। विचारार्थ विषय: वैसे लोगों में साक्षरता तो है किं तु फिर भी अंधविश्वास है यानी विज्ञान का प्रसार बढ़ाना और ज़रूरी। अंधविश्वास का फ़ायदा उठाकर ढोंगी लोग ग़ैर क़ानूनी रूप से ज़मीनों पर क़ब्ज़ा
आइएएस/आइपीएस की समस्या बढ़ाते हैं।
United Nations General assembly (UNGA): UN SECRETARY General Antonio Guterres reappointed for second term of five years
unanimously adopted a resolution recommending his name. India also supported his re-election. संयुक्त राष्ट्र की सामान्य सभा के सचिव की पून:नि
Transparency in war history: 1962 Sino India war→ Henderson Brooks-Bhagat report but even after six decades it has not been
ordinary circumstances such records should be declassified after 25 years. भारत चीन युद्ध के बाद बनीं हेंडरसन ब्रूक्स भगत जाँच समिति के दस्तावेजों को अभी
निर्णय की युद्ध के साथ जुड़ी हुई जानकारी/ दस्तावेज़/ समिति की रिपोर्ट सामान्य रूप से 25 साल बाद सार्वजनिक किया जाएगा ऐसा सरकार का निर्णय.
Tigray region: Ethiopia civil war going on. इथियोपिया के टिगरे इलाक़े में गृह युद्ध छिड़ा है। नकशे में पड़ोसी देशों/समंदरो का स्थान देख लेना
Nationalism: Previously, Chinese company Li Ning provided Sports uniform to Indian athletes for the Olympics. But given the ⏫
Olympic Association (IOA) announced that our athletes would wear unbranded sports apparel. Similar scene in 2020: BCCI drop
2021: again resumed Vivo as IPL sponser.
China passes new law to counter sanctions against officials. Basically it is tit-for-tat so if American authorities attach the assets
will do the same against American officials. चीन द्वारा मानवाधिकार हनन इत्यादि आरोपों में अमेरिका और यूरोप चीनी अफ़सरों पर प्रतिबंध लगाते थे, उनकी संपत्तियों को ज़ब्त क
यूरोपीय अफ़सरों पर प्रतिबंध लगाएंगे। यानी की जैसे के साथ तैसा।
Israel new prime minister NAFTALI Bennett to replace Benjamin Netanyahu – who is Israel’s longest-serving prime minister. इज़रा
Awards: Amul MD R S Sodhi received Asian Productivity Organization (APO), Tokyo, Japan regional award. He is the 1st India to
PULITZER PRIZES 1) “public service organisation”- given to New York Times for corona coverage. 2) International Reporting pri
journalist for Chinese govt atrocities on Muslims in Xinjiang. उत्कृ ष्ट पत्रकारिता के लिए पुलित्जर पारितोषिक
Award: Amika George (Kerala Origin) given an MBE (Member of the Order of the British Empire) in education for her campaign
ranking Order of the British Empire award. मासिकधर्म के चलते ग़रीबी के बारे में अभियान चलाने पर भारतीय मूल की एक लड़की को ब्रिटिश हुकू मत के द्वारा तीसरा सबसे बड़ा ना
Book: “The Light of Asia: The Poem that Defined The Buddha.” By Congress leader and former environment minister Jairam Ra
Sports: Asian Games 1998 gold medalist boxer Ngangom Dingko Singh died in cancer. Born in Imphal. Served Indian Navy. Pad
Death: Indian Bengali poet and filmmaker Buddhadeb Dasgupta.He has won the National Film Award many times. Notable mov
Uttara, Kaalpurush.
Death: Nirmal Milkha Singh - Former Indian Volleyball Captain, wife of Athete Milkha Singh.
Death: ZION-A CHANA, known as the patriarch of the “world’s largest family”- for having 38 wives, 89 children and 36 grandchi
बीवियाँ थी
Death: Indira Hridayesh- Leader of Opposition in the Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha (Congress) for StatePSC exams.
Khuda Baksh Oriental Library, Bihar: opened in 1891 by Khan Bahadur Maulvi Khuda Baksh, a Siwan landlord. In 1905, Viceroy
controversy about demolishing it for construction activity but finally government said we will not destroy it. बिहार सरकार अंग्रेजों के ज़माने
French Open Tennis: Novak Djokovic defeated S. Tsitsipas टेनिस प्रतियोगिता
LGBT Rights: conversion therapy - pseudo-medical therapy wherein LGBT person given physical and emotional abuse so he/she
High Court has ordered a complete ban on such practices. समलैंगिक व्यक्ति की ‘बीमारी’ दूर करने के लिए कु छ फ़र्ज़ी निमहकिमों द्वारा ‘रूपांतरण चिकित्सा’ दी जाती है-
“समलैंगिकता की बीमारी” ठीक किया जाता है। मद्रास हाईकोर्ट ने इस प्रकार की प्रवृत्तियों पर सख़्ती से रोकथाम के लिए पुलिस को निर्देश दिए ।
(GSM2) Comparing Constitution: Freedom of hairstyle: dictator of North Korea Kim Jong-Un has ordered all the North Korean m
North Korean women to keep hairstyle like his wife. Reason? Dictator Kim believes that North Korean youth is copying the hairs
stars which is corrupting the pristine culture of North Korea and spreading like cancer. Food for thought? Indian Constitution do
hairstyles, speech, behaviours, food- as long as it is within the public health and morality. although some restriction on armed f
cannibalism i.e. eating human flesh, freedom of hairstyle not allowed for armymen to ensure uniformity/discipline etc. ) उत्तर कोरिया
का स्टाइल उसके जैसा ही रखना होगा और सभी युवतियों ने अपने बालों का स्टाइल किम जोंग उन की बीवी के समान ही रखना होगा क्योंकि आज कल ये नौजवान दक्षिण कोरिया के पॉप स्टार की देखा
को नुक़सान होता है। भारत का संविधान/सरकार द्वारा लोगों को अपनी मनपसंद हेयर स्टाइल की छू ट है किन्तु सेना में अनुशासन के लिए हेयर स्टाइल के नियम अलग हो सकते हैं।
Religious freedom vs gender equality: ‘Agama Sastra’ - manual for worship in South Indian temples. Tamil Nadu govt to allow W
they have studied Agama Sastra. आगम शास्त्र दक्षिण भारत के मंदिरों में पूजा की विधि के साथ जुड़ा शास्त्र है। तमिलनाडु सरकार ने घोषित किया कि जिन महिलाओं ने इस शास्त्र का अ
⚾️📻⚾️✋ SC panel releases draft rules for livestreaming court proceedings. Wait for the topic to develop further. सर्वोच्च न्यायालय की का
प्रारूप तैयार हो रहा है.
Judicial vacancies: 25 high courts across the country: 40 % judges posts are vacant. Patna High Court highest vacancy 62%. Su
judicial delays & case pendency - no ease of doing business. हाई कोर्ट का था सुप्रीम कोर्ट में बोहोत सारी जजों की जगह ख़ाली /रिक्त है। समय पर नियुक्ति नहीं हो रही
कोर्ट में जजों के सबसे ज़्यादा स्थान ख़ाली।
Social Media-information disorder: Information disorder occurs when false information disseminated intentionally to cause serio
harmful because 1) hinders people from meaningfully exercising their rights to freedom of opinion and expression 2) destroys p
between races/castes/ communities 3) genuine journalists’ majority of time is wasted in debunking lies/fakenews → unable to ex
countries like Russia, China and Iran capitalised on disinformation to persecute the opposition leaders. 5) civil right activists are
harassment”. सूचना की बीमारी- तब होती है जब सामाजिक दर्शन और राजनैतिक ध्रुवीकरण बढ़ाने के लिए फ़र्ज़ी सूचना/जानकारी वो जानबूझकर इलेक्ट्रॉनिक माध्यम से फै लाया जाता है। इसके पश्
क्योंकि उनके पास जानकारी ही ग़लत है। ऐसे ही फ़र्ज़ी ख़बरों से सरकार के प्रति विश्वास कम होता है, लोगों में आपसी सौहार्द कम होता है, घर्षण बढ़ता है। ईमानदार पत्रकारों का ज़्यादातर समय और संसा
जाता है तो वे अन्य बड़े भ्रष्टाचार और कु शासन के मुद्दे उठा नहि पाते। तानाशाह सरकारों द्वारा जानबूझकर फ़र्ज़ी ख़बरें फै लाकर विपक्ष के नेता तथा अल्पसंख्यकों को परेशान किया जाता है. आंदोलनकारियों
Artificial insemination: subtopic: sex- sorted semen - Y chromosome walle sperms removed in lab. Then such of sex- sorted sem
female offsprings - beneficial to dairy sector. However such vials cost Rs.1200/- But Maharashtra government decided to sell it
यदि साँढ के वीर्य को प्रयोगशाला में छाँटकर उसमें से वाय-रणसूत्र हटा दिया जाए तो नर-बछड़ा नहि मादा-बछड़ा ही पैदा होगा जो कि डेयरी उद्योग के लिए बहूत ज़रूरी उपयोगी जाता है। हालाँकि इस प्रका
बेचेगी।
Corona vulnerability of animals: ferrets, cats and civets also venerable to Coronavirus because their ACE2 receptor protein is ha
to bind / infect in these animal cells as well. So authorities have banned entry in the tiger reserves to protect the tigers from Co
stopped- livelihood endangered for the local public - then villagers will cut more trees engaging liquor and drug trade and poach
Government should require mandatory vaccination everyone wishing to visit tiger parks. इन्सानों के अलावा गिलहरी बिल्ली और सिवेट बिल्लियों को भी को
किन्तु इससे पर्यटन में कमी आएगी तो स्थानीय लोगों का रोज़गार चला जाएगा और वे ख़ुद ही जंगल काटना मादक द्रव्यों की तस्करी तथा जंगली जानवरों के शिकार में लिप्त हो जाएंगे। इसलिए जंगल पर्यटन
प्रवेश मिलेगा,
India’s Corona vaccine procurement policy: 😢May-2021: Union took responsibility to buy vaccines for 45+ age group. States re
most of the states did not have enough money/ International pharma companies were not agreeing to engage with state-level g
policy: 1) Pharma Companies’ 75% of vaccine supply/production will be bought by Union. Remaining 25% by pvt hospitals. Stat
Every citizen above the age of 18 will be vaccinated free at centres run by the Centre or a state government. 2) if you want to g
@pvt hospital- Rs 780 for Covishield, Rs 1,410 for Covaxin; and is Rs 1,145 for Sputnik V. ADD EXTRA Rs. 150 service charge. 3
governments. Which state will receive how much doses? Ans. Depends on 1) population, 2) disease burden 3) progress of vacc
number more vaccine doses will be given to state] 4) wastage of vaccines- if more wastage in a State then union will give less d
सरकारों ने भी अपने पैसों से कु छ वैक्सीन ख़रीदनी थी किं तु- ज़्यादातर राज्य सरकारों के पास इतना पैसा नहीं था या फिर अंतरराष्ट्रीय कम्पनियां बेचने से ही मना कर देती थी। अब संशोधित/सुधार की हुई
उसमें से तीन चौथाई स्टॉक कें द्र सरकार ख़रीदेगी, बाक़ी एक चौथाई स्टोक/जत्था निजी अस्पताल ख़रीदेंगे। राज्यों की वैक्सीन ख़रीदने कोई ज़िम्मेदारी नहीं होगी, सिर्फ़ वितरण में भूमिका होगी। नागरिकों को
चाहे तो निजी अस्पतालों में भी पैसा देकर टीका लगवा सकते हैं।
Vaccine “mix and match” strategy. For example get dose#1-Pfizer but dose#2-Sputnik. It is likely to cause side-effects /adverse
government of India planning such research. वैक्सीन में दो टिके लगवाने हो तो दो अलग अलग कं पनियों के लगवाई जाए ऐसे संशोधन पर भारत सरकार गौर कर रही है।

DuroKea - sanitizer / anti-bacterial product by IIT Hyderabad researchers. kills 99.99% of germs instantly. Leaves behind the lo
Vaccination & digital privacy: to get online registration for vaccination person needs to submit his mobile number and Aadhaar c
database has been hacked and put on sale in Dark web. MEITY ordered CERT-In to investigate. MEITY- Ministry of Electronics a
Emergency Response Team. कोरोना टीकाकरण के लिए लोगों ने जो ऑनलाइन पंजीकरण करवाया था उसका सारा डेटा लीक होकर इंटरनेट पर बिक रहा है
⚾️📻⚾️✋ USFDA has approved the first new drug for Alzheimer’s disease in two decades. This much MedicalGK is not required.
Social Media: Koo - Twitter like App by Indian Company. Recently, Nigerian Government joined Koo, after banning Twitter.
FAO (Food & Agriculture Organization, HQ- Rome, Italy) started celebrating international milk day on June 1 since 2001. Now 2
'Sustainability in the dairy sector.’ अंतरराष्ट्रीय दूध दिवस हर साल जून में मनाया जाता है हालाँकि मुझे ये वाला जनरल नॉलेज आइएस परीक्षा के लिए बहु ज़्यादा काम का नहीं लग रहा
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋What is the RBIs latest circular on crytos? Ans. Basically saying that banks should not harass virtual currency compa
2018’s RBI’s bitcoin ban in 2020 after certain news reports of RBI allegedly pressurising banks to cut relations with crypto/virtua
in Mrunal’s Win20 Series Pillar1 Lectures last year. (Ref: https://mrunal.org/download) पूरा मुद्दा पहले देख चुके कि कै से सुप्रीम कोर्ट की फटकार से बच
से नाता तोड़ने के लिए नहीं कहा।
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Banks can’t cite 2018 RBI circular to caution clients on virtual currencies. Core matter already covered in last year's
बोला था कि आप क्रिप्टोमुद्रा कं पनियों के साथ कोई भी बैंकिं ग लेन देन नहीं रख सकते हालाँकि फिर वे कं पनी वाले ही सुप्रीम कोर्ट में गए थे कि हमें भी संविधान में व्यवसाय का हक़ है! और सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने
आ रही हैं कि रिज़र्व बैंक के अफ़सरों द्वारा अनौपचारिक रूप से बैंकों पर दबाव डाला जा रहा है कि वे क्रिप्टो मुद्रा कम्पनियों के साथ कोई भी बैंकिं ग विनिमय न रखें। तो वापस सुप्रीम कोर्ट में रिज़र्व बैंक के
है कि हमने किसी को तम्बूरा मुँह से बजाने की लिए नहि कहा । भई परीक्षा के रूप में कु छ काम का नहीं है तो फ़ालतू में दिमाग़ मत ख़र्च करो। कल परसो हो सकता इंडियन एक्सप्रेस वाला इसकी लंबी चौड़ी
आम पिछले साल ही win२० सीरिज़ में में फ़्री लेक्चर में पढ़ा चुका हूँ । नहीं देखा है तो देख लेना।
RBI June monetary policy: 1) Repo rate unchanged @4%. 2) contact-intensive sectors like hotels-tourism, aviation, car repair, b
window 3) MSME loans ke liye SIDBI given 16kcr. रिज़र्व बैंक की नई मौद्रिक नीति में रेपो दरों में कोई बदलाव नहीं किया गया हालाँकि स्पर्श संवेदनशील उद्योग क्षेत्र जैसे प्रवास
के लिए SIDBI को 16, हज़ार का कर्ज़ा दिया जाएगा
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋EPFO Members can avail second Covid advance from their corpus/savings. EPF में मज़दूर की तनख़्वाह का कु छ पैसा जमा होता है उसकी
ब्याज बनते जाता है. इस रक़म को नियत वर्षों से पहले मज़दूर उठा नहीं सकता सिवाय के बच्चों की शादी, मकान की मरम्मत इत्यादि ख़ास उद्देश्य। हालाँकि पिछले साल कोरोना संक्रमण के चलते कई मज़दू
साल📻वापस
⚾️ ⚾️🎓 भी✋G7ऐसा कु छset
बताया
to गया
backहै। लेकिन बहुत ज़्यादा
minimum दिमाग़ ख़र्च
global करने का फ़ायदा
corporate tax नहीं
thisये week.
2 लाइनें मालूम
Okay होनाthen
चाहिएlet
मुद्दा them
क्या था?actually
फिर आगे बढ़ो.
finalise it next week. Our exam
कितना निगम कर होना चाहिए? इस पर जी-सेवन समूह अगले हफ़्ते नियम बनाएगा। हाँ तो उनको बनाने दो ना! अपनी प्रलिम परीक्षा अक्टू बर महीने में और मुख्य परीक्षा (संभवतः) जनवरी महीने में हो सक
विश्लेषण करेंगे।
G7 Nations’ Deal: multinational companies [MNCs] will be subjected to global minimum corporate tax rate of 15%. no member
will help reducing the tax avoidance, base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) by MNCs. जी-सेवन राष्ट्रों ने तय किया है कि बहुराष्ट्रीय कम्पनियों के मुनाफ़े
US Trade Representative (USTR, a body under USA administration) had suggested President Biden to ⏫ tax on imported Indian
25% to teach India a lesson, because India has imposed equalization levy/digital service tax on Google Facebook Netflix etc. in
postponed this decision for the time being. भारत ने गूगल फ़े सबुक जैसी डिजिटल विज्ञापन कं पनियां तथा जेटली जैसी डिजिटल सेवा कं पनियों पर भी उनकी बिक्री पर 2% डिजि
भारत से आयात होने वाले झींगा मछली बासमती हीरा मोती इत्यादि चीज़ों पर 25% अतिरिक्त कर लगाए जाएंगे ताकि भारत सरकार ने अमेरिकी कं पनियों पर जितने कर लगाए हैं उसका बदला/ इस परोक्ष
रखा है/ क्रियान्वित नहीं किया है।
crude price ₹19 per barrel in early 2020 but now climbed to 2-year high to $71 per barrel. Reasons? 1) economic recovery → ⏫
तेल की क़ीमतें जून के महीने में देखी जा रही है जिसके प्रमुख रूप से दो कारण हैं १) प्रथम विश्व में आर्थिक पुनर्जीवन के चलते ऊर्जा संसाधनों की माँग में बढ़ोतरी २) सऊदी अरब और दूसरे ओपेक राष्ट्रों

zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️: Petrol is now above Rs 100 per litre mark in six states and Union Territories — Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Ma
IndianExpress explained series: Can rural be the saviour of GDP again? Ans. We’ll see in Mrunal’s Win21 series lectures in Pillar
Minimum Wages: earlier labour ministry had set up Anoop Satpathy Committee for fixing national minimum wage. He suggeste
9,750 a month. (Previous minimum wage was Rs.176 per day fixed in 2017). But his recommendations were not acceptable to
businessmen lobby not to increase the minimum wages so much) so now labour ministry has set up a new committee under Aj
पति समिति बनाई थी लेकिन उसकी सिफारिशें सरकार को पसंद नहीं आई इसलिए अब नई अजीत मिश्रा समिति का गठन हुआ है
MINISTRY of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)’s policy paper to replace the current linear system of ‘take-make-d
⏫ recycling, promote a repair and re-sale of second hand goods etc. Benefit? ⏬ requirement of importing lithium, cobalt, rare
3) ⏬e-waste → environment benefits. चक्रीय परिक्रामी अर्थतंत्र जहाँ पर हम किसी उत्पाद को बनाएंगे बेचेंगे और उसका पुनर्नवीनीकरण भी करेंगे ताकि पर्यावरण में कचरे और प्रदूषण
में एक दस्तावेज़ जारी किया है हालाँकि यह पहली बार नहीं हुआ है इससे पहले भी नीति आयोग इसमें एक दस्तावेज़ बना चुका है.
Chinese demography – 1980s One child Policy to control the population growth- Government forced the people to undergo ster
total fertility rate of Chinese women decline to 1.3 (replacement level is 2.1 so any TFR less than 2.1- e.g 1.3- population will st
married couples to have two children. Still population continues to decline so 2021- Government allows married couple to have
workers in future generations! But Chinese couples is not producing more children because 1) High cost of living & exam coach
working hours in factories ३) daycare child facilities not easily available for working mothers. ४) if woman leaves job for pregnan
की जनसांख्यिकी- १९८० के दशक में एक बालक नीति के चलते सरकार द्वारा लोगों की ज़बरन नसबंदी और गर्भपात कराए गए → जिसके चलते चीनी महिलाओं का कु ल प्रजनन दर में भारी ⏬गिरावट आ
करने के लिए मज़दूरों की बड़ी क़िल्लत होगी। अतः २०१६ में चीनी सरकार ने शादीशुदा जोड़ों को दो बच्चे पैदा करने की अनुमति दी, लेकिन फिर भी आबादी में ⏬⏬गिरावट जारी है → 2021 में न
उसकी संभावना कम ही है क्योंकि चीन में जीवन निर्वाह ख़र्च बहूत बढ़ रहा है बच्चों की शिक्षा अप्रत्याशित रूप से महँगी हो चुकी है। लोगों से ऑफिसों में लंबे घंटों तक काम करवाया जाता है इसलिए शादी ब्
आसान व्यवस्था नहीं। गर्भवती महिला अगर छु ट्टी पे जाए तो की एवज़ में किसी और को नौकरी दे दी जाती है और फिर माता के लिए वापस नौकरी ढूँढना मुश्किल होता है, प्रमोशन/पदोन्नति कम मिलती है।
Trade Marks Act, 1999→ disputes heard by controller general of patents under DPIIT under Commerce ministry. Kerala wins tra
service against Karnataka. Kerala bus-service nickname “Anavandi’, which means elephant vehicle. This case went on for seven
trademarks. के रला और कर्नाटक की सरकारी बस सेवा- दोनों ही KSRTC के ट्रेडमार्क पर अपना दावा पेश कर रही थी। हालाँकि सात साल लंबे के स के बाद, वाणिज्य मंत्रालय के कं ट्रोलर जनरल
“व्यापार में सुगमता” नहीं है। क्योंकि के स निपटान में विलंब बोहोत ज़्यादा है।
NSO releases GDP estimates : January- March-21 (Q4 of FY2020-21) produced 1.6% more compared to January- March-2020.
usual lot of ball by ball commentary about the sector fell in that sector went up. We will see the important aspects in Win21 Lec
किए गए जिसमें 2020’s वार्षिक आर्थिक वृद्धि दर में 7% ज़्यादा गिरावट देखी गई.
zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️ HC rejects Juhi Chawla’s petition against 5G as frivolous case for publicity, imposes Rs 20 lakh fine.
Central Board of School Education (CBSE) cancels the Class12 board exams. Question- then how will students get admission in
devise “objective criteria” e.g. School internal exams marks may be used. So now experts are writing all type of speculative arti
prepare all the arguments in favour and against collectively. Our UPSC exam is not tomorrow morning that we have to prepare
रद्द। तो फिर बच्चों को कॉलेज में दाख़िला कै से मिलेगा? उसके लिए CBSE बोर्ड द्वारा आंतरिक मूल्यांकन के कु छ दिशा निर्देश दिए जाएंगे। इसके पक्ष विपक्ष में रोज़ाना जो कॉलम चल रहे हैं हमने दिमाग़ ख़र्च
परिस्थिति कितनी अच्छी या बुरी है उसे 1 बार में पढ़ेंगे।
NITI’s Sustainable goals index: Kerala retains top slot, Bihar at bottom. More in Mrunal’s Win21 Series Pillar6C: SDG नीती आयोग के स
Corona & poverty- >1cr Indians have lost their job and 97% households income has fallen in the coronavirus wave 2.0, unemp
Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) कोरोना वायरस की दूसरी लहर में एक करोड़ से अधिक भारतीयों का रोज़गार चला गया है और बहुत सारे परिवारों की आमदनी में भी गिरावट आयी
UN Assembly has declared 2021-2030 as the “UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration”. संयुक्त राष्ट्र का पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र को पुनर्स्थापित करने का दशक
World environment Day observed on fifth June with the theme of “Reimagine. Recreate. Restore.” – which is a a poem penned
करना, बहलाना, पुनर्स्थापित करना
zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️ African Giant pouch rat magawa. Land Mine-Sniffing rat in Combodia. Now it has been Retired. Although this ty
knowledge not usually asked in UPSC-IAS so poor cost benefit in preparing the names of such rats/ elephant/turtles etc. सोशल मीडि
बैठे तो कु छ ख़ास काम का नहीं क्योंकि UPSC में इस प्रकार की जनरल नॉलेज नहीं पूछे जा रही।
Ethanol blending target: 1) 2020’s target was 10% in Petrol by 2022, 20% in petrol by 2025 & 10% in diesel by 2030. 2) 2021’
production of sugarcane, rice and their waste-material can be diverted into ethanol. 😢Challenges? 1) Cost of ethanol productio
sugar cane and rice consume large amount of water so even if ‘ethnaol blending’ -⏬GHG emission but ⏫ groundwater exploita
गए- 2030 तक पेट्रोल में 20% इथेनॉल मिश्रित किया जाएगा। वर्तमान समय में भारत में गन्ना चावल के अप्रत्याशित रूप से अधिक उत्पादन की समस्या है तो इन संसाधनों से एथनॉल बनाकर हम पर्या
में भारत में इथेनॉल उत्पादन का ख़र्च बहुत ज़्यादा है। गन्ना और चावल की खेती में भूजल का बोहोत ज़्यादा दुरुपयोग होता है तो यदि उसमें से इथेनॉल बनाकर हमने वायु प्रदूषण को कम भी कर दिया तो पा
Gujarat’s KANDLA SPECIAL Economic Zone (KASEZ): 1) oldest export zone in the country, 2) Now it has become the “first green
under Green Cities Rating of Indian Green Building Council (IGBC- a non-govt body under Confederation of Indian Industry : CI
पहले हरित औद्योगिक शहर का पारितोषिक मिला है
India’s first “electric vehicles-only area” @ Kevadia, Narmada district, Gujarat by Statue of Unity Area Development and Tourism
ऑफ़ यूनिटी प्रतिमा से क़रीब केवड़िया नगर को भारत का सबसे पहला ‘मात्र बिजली-वाहनइलाक़ा’ बनाया जाएगा यानी कि वहाँ पर सिर्फ़ बिजली आधारित वाहन ही चलेंगे। पेट्रोल डीज़
Elitism/Nepotism: after an IPS officer is transferred he has to vacate the government house within three months, otherwise Gov
Maharashtra Kedar not vacated the houses and owe >3.5cr to Govt, but state government either not collecting it / forgiving the
wrongdoings - 1) encourages them for doing extra judicial / illegal activities / flouting rules. 2) ministers may also be shielding s
⏫culture of politician-police nexus. 3) even honest officer feel demotivated to vacate govt house. जब एक IPS अफ़सर का तबादला तबादला हो
जाना होता है. यदि वो वक़्त पर मकान ख़ाली नहीं करेगा तो सरकार उस पर दंड/जुर्माने के रूप में बहूत अधिक किराया माँगेगी। इस प्रकार महाराष्ट्र में करोड़ों रुपया का जुर्माना IPS अफ़सरों पर लगा है किं
दी जाती है। इस यदि पुलिस अफ़सरों पर नियमों का उल्लंघन करने पर भी सख़्ती नहीं दिखाई जाएगी तो ग़ैर क़ानूनी काम करने में उनके हौसले बुलंद हो जाते हैं कि सरकार हमेशा हमें बचा ही लेगी। या फिर
करेंगे। ईमानदार अफ़सरों भी सरकारी मकान वक्त पर ख़ाली करने के लिए उदासीन हो जाते है।
Elitism/Nepotism: Rich people’s housing society in UP's Gautam Buddh Nagar district received free Covid vaccines. After investig
misappropriated an Urban Primary Health Centre (UPHC) in Aligarh's Naurangabad nearly 120 km away. This culture of giving p
people is bad for good governance. नोएडा के अमीरों को कोरोना वैक्सीन मिली। पता चला कि असल में अलीगढ़ के किसी प्राथमिक स्वास्थ्य कें द्र से घोटाला करके उन वैक्सीन को अ
वरीयता देने का यह चलन भारत में विकास और सुशासन के लिए चिंता का विषय है।
Expressing Dissent/ frustration: Bhavanidas Bavaji- a tea- seller from Rajkot district sentenced to 18 months of imprisonment fo
was impounded by municipality officers but the court did not help me despite very lengthy trial. This tea-stall was my only sour
the shoe. I am sole bread winner of my family. I am jailed for 18 months then and my family will suffer greatly.” Points to cons
options for poor people - regrettable but throwing shoes at judge amounts to contempt of the court. Even If a person is poor /
throwers are allowed to go scot-free then judges may not be able to deliver verdicts impartially, if they are under constant fear/
एक टपरी/ठेले/गल्ले को अतिक्रमण के लिए ज़ब्त किया गया इस मामले में कई वर्षों तक के स चलने के बाद कोर्ट ने उस चाय वाले की मदद नहीं की तो ग़ुस्साए चायवाले ने जज पर जूता फें का। कोर्ट की अव
कि मैं आक्रोश में आ गया था क्योंकि मेरी रोज़ी रोटी का एकमात्र साधन चला गया इसलिए मैं अपना मानसिक संतुलन गंवा चुका था, इसलिए जुता फें का। यदि मुझे 18 साल की क़ै द दी जाएगी तो मेरा परि
विलम्ब तथा ग़रीबों के लिए रोज़गार के अवसरों की कमी – ये सब दुखद और चिंता का विषय है किन्तु, “अनपढ़ और ग़रीब लोगों से भी इतनी तो अपेक्षा की जाती है कि वे न्यायालय का सम्मान करें।“ अग
बुलंद हो जाएंगे और फिर जज/न्यायाधीश निष्पक्ष रूप से फ़ै सला नहीं सुना पाएंगे, डर में रहेंगे की जूता नही फें के ।
IAS officer’s protocol duty during PM vs CM tussle: Suppose you are the chief secretary (topmost IAS officer in the state cadre),
relief work and has instructed you to remain present and brief him. But your chief minister belongs to another political party an
remain absent in the meeting. Then what will you do? Ans. 1) As per the order of precedence Constitution of India- #1 Presiden
prime minister is also the X officio chairman of the national disaster management authority. 2) if the prime minister is coming fo
remain present, irrespective of instructions from any person. 3) if senior officers start taking such decisions with consideration /
even the younger cadre of IAS officers will become politicised→ this will undermine cooperative federalism as well as good gove
interest of the nation. शिष्टाचार के हिसाब से यदि प्रधानमंत्री चक्रवात समीक्षा मीटिंग में आ रहे हैं तो मुख्य सचिव ने हाज़िरी देनी चाहिए उन्हें चक्रवात समस्या के बारे में बताना चाहिए। यदि आ
क्या करेंगे? जवाब- आधिकारिक वरीयता क्रम में प्रधानमंत्री भारत के राष्ट्रपति उपराष्ट्रपति के बाद तीसरे स्थान पर है इसलिए शिष्टाचार के हिसाब से राज्य के मुख्य सचिव ने प्रधानमंत्री की यात्रा के दौरान हा
राष्ट्रीय आपदा प्रबंधन प्राधिकरण के अध्यक्ष प्रधानमंत्री स्वयं होते हैं इसलिए चक्रवात की मीटिंग में मुख्य सचिव का उन्हें मिलना आवश्यक। अगर कोई आइएएस अफ़सर सेवानिवृति के बाद मुझे किसी राजनीति
क़ानून शिष्टाचार का उल्लंघन करेगा तो युवा अफ़सर भी अपना हर कार्य ऐसी राजनीतिक गिनती नफ़े नुक़सान से करना शुरू करेंगे जोकि अंत में सुशासन तथा सहकारी संघवाद के लिए ख़तरा।
Who should get the lifesaving medicine first- old or young person? With the rising number of black fungus cases versus shortag
has stated that Younger person should be given first preference because the old people have already lived their life- except for
related to national security governance etc. जानलेवा रोग में यदि दवाई की क़िल्लत हो तो किसे वरीयता प्राथमिकता दी जानी चाहिए बुजुर्गों को या नौजवान? ब्लैक फं गस बीमारी में
जवानों को दी जाए क्योंकि वे ही देश को आगे ले जा सकते हैं यदि कोई भी ज़ोर 80 वर्ष का है तो वो अपना जीवन बिता चुका है- हम ये नहीं कह रहे हैं कि उसकी जान नौजवान से कम क़ीमती है किन्तु
ऊँ चे स्थान पर है जैसे मंत्री वरिष्ठ नौकरशाह वरिष्ठ सेनाअधिकारी इत्यादि तो उनके लिए अपवाद किया जा सकता है यानी ऊँ चे पदों पर स्थित बुजुर्गों को दवाई में वरीयता दी जा सकती है
Educational Burden / E-Learning: Viral social media video of a five-year-old girl from Kashmir about excessive number of daily o
put a ceiling of 90 minutes x 2 classes per day for Class1-8, because young students also need to play games, spend time with
से शिकायत की थी कि सुबह से लेकर दोपहर 2 बजे तक उसकी ऑनलाइन क्लासेज होती है जो उसे थका देती है. इसका संज्ञान लेते हुए कश्मीर प्रशासन ने आदेश जारी किया है कि कक्षा 1-8 तक बच्चों
के अलावा बच्चों को खेलकू द और परिवार के साथ समय बिताने के लिए भी बिताना भी उतना ही ज़रूरी है.
Trirashmi or Pandav Leni Buddhist caves are a group of 25 caves made Trirashmi Hill in Nashik, Maharashtra- between the 2nd
discovered by Captain James Delamaine 1823. Now 2021- An ASI staffer found two more caves. Experts believe these new foun
रश्मि पांडव-लेनी बौद्ध गुफाएँ महाराष्ट्र में नासिक के क़रीब। हालाँकि 25 गुफाएँ तो अंग्रेजों के ज़माने में ही ढूँढ ली थी किं तु २०२१ में पुरातत्व विभाग के एक कर्मचारी को दो और नई गुफाएं मिली है।
India’s nuclear submarines 1) INS Arihant - it is still available with India. 2) INS Chakra- it was rented/leased from Russia. Now
to Russia.
Strategic partnership model - local company (e.g. Larsen & Toubro) will tie-up with a foreign company e.g. (ThyssenKrupp of G
Ministry approved this for Project 75 India or P75I to build new submarines. This is a one-liner information. Further PHD not req
कम्पनी के साथ गठबंधन मैं नए हथियारों का निर्माण करेगी। भारतीय नौसेना के लिए नई पनडु ब्बियां बनाने के लिए रक्षा मंत्रालय ने इस प्रकार के मॉडेल की अनुमति दी है। हालाँकि इसे विशेष इसकी तकनीकी
बारीकी से प्रश्न नहीं पूछे जाते परीक्षा में।
UN Human Rights Council resolution to inquire Israeli violence in Gaza-patti. India abstained from voting to avoid displeasing ei
criticised- “India should help advancing the human rights of all people including the people of Palestine”. Homework- go to exce
solution on Sri Lanka / LTTE human right violation. संयुक्त राष्ट्र मानव अधिकार परिषद में एक प्रस्ताव की इज़राइल द्वारा फ़िलिस्तीन गाजा मैं मानव अधिकार हनन की जाँच हो
फिलीस्तीन दोनों से ही रिश्ते बिगड़े नहीं। हालाँकि फ़िलिस्तीनी नेता इससे नाराज़ है कि भारत ने अपना रुख़ स्पष्ट करना चाहिए और फिलीस्तीनियों के मानव अधिकारों के बारे में सकारात्मक रूप से मतदान
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Bangladesh cabinet ministers mobile phone stolen / snnached by a thief in broad daylight in the streets of Dhaka. बांग्
लिया। हालाँकि IAS परीक्षा के लिए काम का नहीं लेकिन मेरा प्रश्न _ _ _ newspaper के सस्ते व नौसिखिए interns को है कि “आपके हिसाब से प्रति व्यक्ति GDP राशि के अनुसार बांग्लादेश
चुका है….. ऐसा हर दूसरे हफ्तें आप राग अलापते रहते हैं, तो फिर दिनदहाड़े बांग्लादेश में कै बिनेट मंत्री का मोबाइल फ़ोन ढाका की सड़कों पे चोरी क्यों हो जाता है?”
Nepal receives 800,000 Corona vaccine doses from China. Nepal President has also requested India to supply vaccine. चाइना की वैक्
है कि कोरोना वैक्सीन मुहैया/ उपलब्ध की जाए किन्तु हमारे ख़ुद के वांधे चल रहे हैं, इसलिए विश्वगुरु बनने का काम थोड़े दिनों के लिए स्थगित है।

China’s President Xi Jinping has urged Chinese officials, media persons and diplomats to avoid “wolf warrior” tone, and adopt m
corona / lab virus theory- International support for China has waned / China is getting isolated in the international community.
कु छ दिनों पहले समाचार आए थे की चीनी राजदूतों की “भेड़िया योद्धा” विदेश नीति जहाँ पर वे हमेशा मेज़बान देश में आक्रामक रूप से पेश आते थे- और चीन के राष्ट्रपति ने अब उन राजदूतों को कहा है
Appointment: chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)- supreme Court retired Justice Arun Mishra is app
Tennis French Open- WORLD NO 2 Naomi Osaka has declared to withdraw from the tournament because she does not want to
her mental health but the tennis organisers are imposing $15,000 penalty on her for not attending the press conference. ये मुद्दा व
Global Chess League: Similar to IPL. Promoted by Tech Mahindra + Viswanathan Anand
JAMAICAN Runner Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce. She has become second-fastest woman of all time (100m race). 1st fastest is Flore
Union Government asked States to adopt its Model Tenancy Act (MTA). 1) covers urban and rural areas. 2) States will set up a
disputes. 3) digital platform to upload rent agreements. Houses cannot be rented on Verbal agreements. 4) TENANT can’t do st
consent of the landlord. 5) Norms for security deposit, penalties, eviction 6) If tenant refuses to vacate after expiry of agreeme
double the monthly rent for two months, and four times the monthly rent thereafter. 7) In case of a force majeure event, tenan
tenant to continue in possession until 1 month after disaster/pandemic etc ends. कें द्र सरकार ने आदर्श किराएदारी अधिनियम अपनाने के लिए राज्य सरकारों
और मकान मालिक ऊपर लागू होगा. के वल लिखित करारनामे पर ही मकान किराये पर दिया जा सकता है मौखिक बातों पर नहीं. मकान में मरम्मत किरायेदार बिना मकान मालिक की लिखित अनुमति के न
को घर से नहीं निकाल सकता चाहे वह किराया देने में असमर्थ हो. हालांकि ऐसी महामारी खत्म होने के एक महीने बाद मकान मालिक उसे निकाल सकता है.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ SC asks govt for a vaccine roadmap. Let this entire matter be over Final judgement be delivered. Fir hum dekhenge
Bihar government has proposed to reserve 33 % seats to girls in medical and engineering colleges. लड़कियों के लिए मेडिकल और इंजीनियरिंग
Freedom of speech versus national security: Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT)→ Central Civil Services (Pension) Am
Bureau, Research and Analysis Wing, CBI, Enforcement Directorate, Narcotics Control Bureau, DRDO and all Central Armed Poli
about their work experience after retirement- then they must obtain clearance from the head of the department otherwise their
national security and keeping friendly relations with other countries, some retired officers are making sensational claims in their
views. Anti? Critics unhappy that it will prevent honest officers from highlighting any misgivings/ misconduct by the department
prevent the younger officers from learning from their ‘insightsonpakistan’. कार्मिक प्रशासन और तालीम विभाग द्वारा के न्द्रीय सिविल सेवा पेंशन नियमों में सुधार
अनुभवों के बारे में सेवानिवृति के पश्चात किताबें लिखते वक़्त विभाग के बड़े बाबू से अनुमति लेनी होगी वरना उनका पेंशन बंद कर दिया जाएगा। आज कल मशहूर होने के चक्कर में राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा की गुप्त बातें
आलोचकों का कहना है यदि निवृत अफ़सरों को अपने अच्छे बुरे अनुभव नहीं लिखनी दिए जाएंगे, तो वाणी स्वतंत्र को हनन। और विभाग में चल रही धाँधली भ्रष्टाचार सामने नहीं आ पाएगी। नए अफ़सर ऐसी
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋What Sasikala’s return could mean for AIADMK and Tamil Nadu. It may matter a lot of things for them, but nothing
one nation one election: Arguments in favour of 1) Financial costs of conducting elections, deploying police forces for security⏬
parties also need to spend lot of money on campaigning marketing - their hunger for money increases- Black money builder ma
work frozen. Highway building etc tenders cannot be launched. 4] ministers get busy campaigning- leadership vacuum at Secre
etc occupied in conducting election, counting votes- their a routine administrative / teaching work suffers 6] CRPF / BSF / CISF
another - border security anti-naxal operations Suffer. 7] Corona second wave maybe less serious if there was no state assemb
the voters are unhappy with BJP (at national level) they can express their displeasure by defeating it in the Vidhan Sabha panch
the union government to be more responsive to the demands of people- even if the election is five years away. If there is one n
can do nothing for the five years to express their displeasure. एक राष्ट्र एक चुनाव- जहाँ पर लोकसभा और विधानसभा के चुनाव एक ही साथ कर दिए जाएं और अगले
वित्तीय बोझ कम हो। राजनीतिक पक्षों को भी पूरे वर्ष इधर उधर हो रहे चुनाव में प्रचार के लिए ढेर सारे पैसों की आवश्यकता ना हों वरना वे भी बिल्डर माफ़िया के अधीन हो जाते हैं। पाँच साल तक चुनाव
घूमते नहीं रहेंगे और वे प्रशासनिक ज़िम्मेदारी अच्छे से निभा पाएँगे। सुरक्षा बलों को बार बार चुनावी ज़िम्मेदारी में बेचना नहीं होगा तो वे भी आतंकवाद और नक्सलवाद के ख़िलाफ़ अच्छे से ऑपरेशन कर पा
होते तो कोरोना संक्रमण की दूसरी लहर में अपनी हवा टाइट नहि हो जाती। 😢विपक्ष में तर्क : यदि के न्द्र में बैठी सरकार बहूत घमंडी हो जाए तो फिर दूसरे वर्ष विधानसभा तथा पंचायत चुनावों में सामान्य
तीसरे वर्ष में कें द्र सरकार की घमंड थोड़ी कम हो जाए और वे जन कल्याण के कार्यों पर ध्यान दे। लेकिन यदि सभी स्तरों की सरकारों को पाँच साल टिकने का ‘अधिकार पत्र’ मिल गया तो लोकाभिमुख प्रशा
हमारा पाँच साल तक कु छ नहीं उखाड़ सकता।
Cooperative federalism and GST: GST Council has formed a group of ministers to Study the feasibility of removal in GST on Cor
ministers are not included in this GOM i.e. West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu etc. so they’re unhappy d
bipartisanship. कोरोना चिकित्सा से जुड़े हुए दवाई और चिकित्सा सामान पर GST हटाने के लिए GST परिषद द्वारा एक मंत्री समूह का गठन किन्तु उसमें ग़ैर BJP राज्य के मंत्रियों को शामिल
1962 Kedar Nath Singh case: Supreme Court ruled that Indian Penal Code’s Section 124A about sedition is constitutionally valid
sedition cannot be applied. Citizens / journalists can criticise govt, can’t incite violence. 2021- Supreme Court quashed case of s
criticising PM Modi’s corona handling. के दारनाथ के स में उच्चतम न्यायालय ने फै सला सुनाया था की भारतीय दण्ड संहिता मैं राजद्रोह के प्रावधान असंवैधानिक नहीं है. हालाँकि यदि को
दे रहा तो उस पर राजद्रोह का मुकदमा नहीं चला सकते. एनडीटीवी के भूतपूर्व पत्रकार विनोद दुआ पर प्रधानमंत्री मोदी कि कोरोना संक्रमण नीतियों की निंदा के चलते राजद्रोह का के स दर्ज हुआ था सुप्रीम
Fugitive jeweller Mehul Choksi accepted citizenship of Antigua. So, as per the Indian laws an Indian citizen cannot have dual cit
removed. He’s arrested from Dominica, allegedly after being honeytrapped by a woman. Indian government wants his custody.
citizen of Antigua, and can’t be deported to India. They are even planning to write a petition to the British Queen who is the he
has acquired the citizenship of foreign country only for the purpose of escaping Indian laws and there is already an interpol not
चोकसी ने पंजाब नेशनल बैंक से 13, हज़ार करोड़ का लोन का घपला किया था वह भारत से भागकर एंटीगुआ देश की नागरिकता प्राप्त की. उसके पश्चात एक महिला ने चौकसी के साथ दोस्ती बनाए और
का अपहरण कर उसे भारत ले जाने का प्रयत्न किया. मेहुल चोकसी के वकीलों का दावा के लिए भारत में प्रत्यार्पण नहीं हो सकता क्योंकि वह एंटीगुआ देश का नागरिक है और वह भारत की नागरिकता छो
देश की नागरिकता ग्रहण करता है तो अपने आप ही वह भारत की नागरिकता का त्याग करता है उसके लिए अलग से कोई अर्ज़ी डालने की आवश्यकता नहीं होती. अगर इस दलील को माना जाए तो मेहुल
रहेगी कि मेहुल का एंटीगुआ देश ने नागरिक बनने का सिर्फ़ और सिर्फ़ 1 मक़सद था भारत मैं जेल यात्रा से बचना।
Central Vista project aims to build new Parliament building Rashtrapati Bhavan et cetera. Supreme Court has already said proje
the Delhi High Court that construction should be stopped otherwise workers will get Corona/ project money is better spent for C
projects of national importance 2) there are many other construction projects going on in Delhi but PIL/petition is only are getti
So, High Court has imposed a fine of one lakh rupees on the petitioner for faaltu mein wasting court’s time. सेंट्रल विस्टा प्रोजेक्ट के अंतर्गत
ने भी इसे अनुमति दी है लेकिन फिर भी कु छ याचिकाकर्ताओंने वापस दिल्ली हाई कोर्ट में याचिका दायर की थी कि इस प्रोजेक्ट का निर्माण तुरंत रोक देना चाहिए वरना यहाँ काम कर रहे मज़दूरों को कोरोना
कार्य में लगानी चाहिए. हालाँकि दिल्ली हाईकोर्ट ने ये फ़ै सला दिया है कि सेंटर विस्टा प्रोजेक्ट राष्ट्रीय रूप से बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है, तथा दिल्ली में तो इसके अलावा भी अनेक सरकारी प्रोजेक्ट में इमारत में अभी
शिकायत की है जो दिखाता है कि ये याचिका (किसी छु पी नकारात्मक उद्देश्य से) “प्रेरित याचिका है”. याचिकाकर्ताओं पर 1 लाख रुपये का जुर्माना भी लगाया है.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Prisoner rights / Prisoners dilemma / intelligent prisoners? Maharashtra Prisoners are given temporary bail / parole b
/ fear of becoming a burden to family during Corona pandemic. High Court ruled that no prisoner can be compelled go tempora
रूप से ज़मानत/ पैरोल दी गई है किन्तु वे ख़ुद जेल से बाहर नहीं निकलना चाहते क्योंकि उन्हें कोरोना से डर लगता है! हाईकोर्ट ने भी कहा है कि यदि कोई क़ै दी पैरोल पे नहीं जाना चाहता है तो उसे ज़ब
WHO renames Virus variants of concern (VOC) with Greek alphabets such as ALPHA: VOC B.1.1.7, first documented in UK BETA
GAMMA: VOC P.1, first documented in Brazil DELTA: B.1.617.2, first documented in India. Reason? “easy to pronounce” and “n
देशों के नाम से अख़बार वाले जोड़ देते थे जिसके चलते विश्व में उस देश की बदनामी / फ़ज़ीहत/ दोषारोपण होती थी, इसलिए विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन ने अब ग्रीक अक्षरों के साथ इन्हे जोड़ दिया है जैसे की
वायरस वेरिएंट की संज्ञा दी गई है.
Corbevax: new vaccine by Hyderabad-based company Biological E. Corbevax. Mechanism: “recombinant protein sub- unit made
was used for creating hepatitis B vaccines. Indian government has placed advance order to buy 300 million doses. This is the fi
before the vaccine is given approval. बाज़ार में एक और कोरोना वैक्सीन आने वाली है
DATE (YY-MM-
DD) Subject Subtopic (if any)

2021-May-31 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-May-31 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-31 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-May-31 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-May-31 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports

2021-May-31 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-May-30 Economy💳 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-May-30 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-May-30 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-May-30 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-May-30 Environment🌿 Disaster


2021-May-30 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-30 Polity⚖️ Constitution


2021-May-30 Polity⚖️ Constitution
2021-May-30 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-May-30 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-May-29 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-May-29 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-29 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-May-29 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝


2021-May-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-May-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-29 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-May-29 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports

2021-May-29 Polity⚖️ Disaster

2021-May-29 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-May-29 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-May-29 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-May-29 Polity⚖️ 6-Corona😷

2021-May-29 Polity⚖️ Constitution

2021-May-29 Science🧪 6-Health🩺


2021-May-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-29 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-29 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-May-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-28 Geo🗺 1A1-Money-💳

2021-May-28 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-May-28 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-May-28 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-May-28 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-May-28 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-May-28 Polity⚖️ E-Gov👩‍💻


2021-May-27 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-May-27 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-May-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports

2021-May-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-May-27 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-May-27 IR/Defense🔫 6-Corona😷

2021-May-27 Science🧪 6-Corona😷

2021-May-26 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-May-26 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-May-26 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-May-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports

2021-May-26 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-May-26 Polity⚖️ Judiciary⚖️

2021-May-25 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-May-25 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-May-25 Polity⚖️ Judiciary
2021-May-25 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports
2021-May-25 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports

2021-May-25 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News


2021-May-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈
2021-May-25 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-May-25 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳
2021-May-25 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪
2021-May-25 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪
2021-May-25 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍
2021-May-24 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪
2021-May-24 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-May-24 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-May-24 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-24 Geo🗺 Disaster

2021-May-24 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-May-24 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-May-24 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-May-24 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-May-24 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-May-24 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-24 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-23 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-May-23 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-May-23 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-May-23 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-May-23 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-May-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-May-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-May-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports


2021-May-22 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-May-22 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-22 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-May-22 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-May-22 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-May-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-22 Geo🗺 Disaster

2021-May-22 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-May-22 IR/Defense🔫 Disaster


2021-May-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-May-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-May-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports
2021-May-22 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-May-22 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-May-22 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-22 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-21 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-21 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-21 Science🧪 Social Media📣
2021-May-21 Polity⚖️ Judiciary
2021-May-21 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-May-21 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-21 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-21 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-May-20 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-20 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-20 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-May-20 Polity⚖️ Secularism

2021-May-20 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-May-20 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-20 IR/Defense🔫 Social Media📣


2021-May-20 Geo🗺 Disaster
2021-May-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-20 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-20 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-May-20 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-19 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-19 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-May-19 Polity⚖️ Constitution

2021-May-19 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-19 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-May-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-18 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-May-18 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-May-18 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-May-18 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-May-18 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-May-18 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-18 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-18 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-18 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-18 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-17 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-17 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-May-17 Science🧪 E-Gov👩‍💻


2021-May-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-May-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-17 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-17 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-May-17 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-May-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-May-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-17 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-May-17 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-May-16 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-16 Polity⚖️ 6-Health
2021-May-16 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-May-16 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-16 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-May-16 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-May-16 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-16 Environment🌿 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-May-16 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-May-16 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-May-15 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-15 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-15 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-15 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


2021-May-15 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-May-15 Polity⚖️ Polity⚖️

2021-May-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-15 IR/Defense🔫 E-Gov👩‍💻


2021-May-15 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-May-15 Geo🗺 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-May-15 Geo🗺 Disaster

2021-May-14 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-14 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-May-14 Polity⚖️ E-Gov👩‍💻


2021-May-14 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-May-14 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-14 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2021-May-14 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-14 History/Culture🗿 Medieval

2021-May-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-14 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-May-14 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-May-14 Economy💳 5-Infra-Housing

2021-May-14 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷


2021-May-14 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-May-14 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-May-14 Economy💳 6-Health


2021-May-14 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-May-14 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-May-14 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-May-14 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-May-13 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-13 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-13 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-13 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-May-13 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-May-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-May-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-13 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-13 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-May-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-May-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-May-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-May-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-May-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-May-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-May-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-May-13 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-May-13 Geo🗺 Disaster


2021-May-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-13 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍


2021-May-13 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-May-13 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-May-13 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-May-13 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-May-13 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-May-13 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-May-12 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-May-12 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-May-12 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-12 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-May-12 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-May-12 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-May-12 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅


2021-May-12 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-May-12 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2021-May-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2021-May-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2021-May-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-May-12 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral
2021-May-12 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-May-12 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-12 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-12 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-May-12 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-May-12 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-11 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-May-11 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-11 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-11 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-11 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-11 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-11 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-11 PIN-GK🏋️ Sport


2021-May-11 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-May-11 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-11 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-May-11 Geo🗺 Defence

2021-May-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-11 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-May-11 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-May-10 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-May-10 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-May-10 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-May-10 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-May-10 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-May-10 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-May-10 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora

2021-May-10 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-May-10 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-May-10 Governance🧔 E-Gov👩‍💻

2021-May-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-May-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-10 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-May-10 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-10 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-May-10 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-May-09 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-09 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-09 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-09 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-09 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-09 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-09 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors


2021-May-09 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-May-09 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-09 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-May-09 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-09 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-09 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-09 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-May-09 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-May-08 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-08 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-08 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-08 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-08 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-08 Polity⚖️ secularism

2021-May-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-May-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-May-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-08 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-07 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-07 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-May-07 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-May-07 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-May-07 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-May-07 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-May-07 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-May-07 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-May-07 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-07 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-07 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-May-07 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-May-07 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-May-07 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-May-07 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-May-06 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-06 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-06 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-06 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-06 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-May-06 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-06 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-06 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-May-06 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-May-06 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-May-06 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-May-05 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-05 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-05 Science🧪 Disaster


2021-May-05 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-May-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports


2021-May-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-May-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-May-05 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-May-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-May-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2021-May-05 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-May-05 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-May-05 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-May-05 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-May-04 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-04 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-04 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-04 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-04 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-04 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-May-04 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-May-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-May-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-May-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-May-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-May-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports

2021-May-04 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-May-03 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-May-03 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-May-03 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-May-03 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-May-02 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-May-02 Economy💳 6-Health
2021-May-02 Economy💳 Appointment

2021-May-02 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2021-May-02 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-May-02 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-May-02 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-May-02 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-02 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-May-01 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-May-01 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-May-01 Polity⚖️ Death
2021-May-01 Polity⚖️ Federalism
2021-May-01 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-May-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-May-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-May-01 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-May-01 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-May-01 Economy💳 6-Health


News Item (Page Numbers correspond to Ahmedabad Edition)
Shashi Tharoor’s column in Indian express about the benefits of crypto currency and block chain technology. This is already lea
can reduce the transaction cost in digital payments, database management in e-governance, judicial, election rolls etc. To incre
accountability efficiency and cost saving। शशि थरूर ने क्रिप्टो मुद्रा के पक्ष में/ तरफ़दारी करते हुए कॉलम लिखा है लेकिन वो सारे मुद्दे हमें पहले भी कई बार इस टॉपिक में पढ़ चुके
US PRESIDENT Joe Biden’s first Budget (2021) has 50% higher expenditure than Pre-Corona era budgets of Donald Trump. Wh
increased the budgetary expenditure to revive the economy but it is not this big. But then you have to take into consideration t
hardly 4% voting age population pays income tax whereas in USA that number is much higher. इस अमरीकी राष्ट्रपति जो बाइडन ने इस बजट ख़र्च
दिया है ताकि करोना संक्रमण के बाद अर्थतंत्र को पुनर्जीवित किया जा सके । हालाँकि भारत सरकार ने भी अपने बजट में किन्हीं कारणों से बढ़ोतरी तो की है लेकिन इतनी ज़्यादा मात्रा में बढ़ोतरी नहीं की है-
की राजकोषीय संसाधन क्षमता भारत से बहुत अधिक/ज़्यादा है क्योंकि भारत में मतदान करने वाली आबादी के के वल 4% लोग ही आयकर भरते हैं जबकि अमेरिका में यह संख्या 50% से भी अधिक है
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋EPFO, govt bodies can’t revise claims once resolution plan approved: NCLAT. Technical loans related to insolvency b
important for exam.
Book: LANGUAGES OF TRUTH: Essays 2003-2020 Author: Salman Rushdie
Football: Chelsea defeat Manchester City to win Champions League title after 9-year.
Central Deputation of all India services officers (IAS,IPS,IForestServices)- every year State governments of submit list of IAS/IP
interested to go for central deputation. Union government from the list. But union government could also select among the not
government disagrees then union’s decision will be final. In News because Union government ordered IAS/IPS from the West B
punishment posting in training centres etc) for favoring TMC/Mamata over Modi/ not properly looking after the security of BJP l
whole matter was already covered previously in Excel file, when IPS officers were transferred, and again in news because chief
there is nothing much new to know in this. No matter how many times Indian express presents the explain a series on the sam
IPS और भारतीय वन सेवा के अधिकारी सामान्य रूप से तो राज्य कै डर में नौकरी करते हैं किन्तु समयांतर वे उन्हें कें द्र सरकार के मंत्रालय विभागों में प्रतिनियुक्ति में भी भेजा जाता है। इसके लिए दिलचस्पी
द्वारा राज्यों से मंगवायी जाती है। हालाँकि कभी कभी किसी अफ़सर को दंडित करने के लिए, कें द्र सरकार उसे ज़बरन भी प्रतिनियुक्ति के लिए बुला सकती है- और उसे कें द्र सरकार की किसी तालीम संस्था
दिया जाता है। इन प्रतिनियुक्ति में राज्य सरकार की सहमति न हों फिर भी कें द्र सरकार का निर्णय सर्वोपरि होगा। बार बार चर्चा में इसलिए आता है क्योंकि पश्चिम बंगाल के IAS/IPS अफ़सर ममता बैनर्जी
इसके शिकार हो रहे है।
Corona Orphans in India: Abt 500+ children became orphans in Corona wave 2.0. 1) PM-CARES will contribute Rs 10 lakh in wh
for each orphant → when orphan reaches 18 years of age-stipend to cover higher education from this FD. When orphan turns 2
entire amount from FD. 2) If orphan takes loan for higher education than interest will be paid from PM cares fund 3) Orphans Y
be given free admission in Kendriya Vidyalaya, Sainik School, Navodaya Vidyalaya etc. 4) all Covid-19 orphans will get Ayushma
with a health insurance cover of Rs 5 lakh (irrespective of whether they are rich or poor). This Insurance premium amount to b
age. कोरोना में यतीम/अनाथ बच्चे १) 18 साल से कम होंगे तो कें द्रीय विद्यालय, सैनिक विद्यालय इत्यादि मेरे सरकार दाख़िला करवाएगी तथा २) 18 साल की उम्र में अनाथ बच्चे के बैंक खाते में 10
साल की उम्र तक स्टाइपेंड/ छात्रवृत्ति मिलेगी। उसके बाद वह पूरी रक़म बैंक से निकाल पाएगा। इसके अलावा अनाथ बच्चों को उच्च शिक्षा लोन का ब्याज सरकार अपनी तरफ़ से देगी। और ये सारी रक़म पीए
Employees State insurance Corporation (ESIC) applies to all workplaces with 10 or more workers and is applicable on employee
21,000 per month (Rs 25,000 for PH). Corona-2020-21→ if worker died of Corona, family member to be given pension. (origina
given for workers death in factory employment related accident, and not for corona illness.) कर्मचारी राज्य बीमा निगम द्वारा करोना मृतक मज़दूर के
मज़दूर नौकरी करते वक़्त/ फ़ै क्ट्री में मर जाए तो ये पेंशन मिलता था
Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) applies to all workplaces with 10 or more workers. Among them monthly salary
benefits. EPFO → Employees’ Deposit-Linked Insurance (EDLI) scheme → Corona 2020-21 → if worker died of Corona family me
(min 2.5 lakh to max 7 lakh). कर्मचारी भविष्य निधि संगठन द्वारा कोरोना मृतक श्रमिक के परिजनो को बीमा राशि
Acid rain: Singapuri Ship MVX-Press Pearl caught fire near Colombo → emission of nitrogen dioxide → chances of acid rain in Sr
आग, नाइट्रोजन डाइऑक्साइड का रिसाव जिसे श्रीलंका में एसिड वर्षा का ख़तरा
Disaster management and dignity of women: State government notified that in the flood relief material- sanitary napkins Will be
item.
Death4StatePSC: Gujarat ARVIND SANGHVI- former Gujarat finance and education minister(Cong).
Comparing constitution - Iran: free and fair election not possible. Because supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei cancelled the
in the upcoming presidential elections citing 1) candidate is not sufficiently loyal to the Islamic revolution! 2) candidate is very s
western powers! 3) ultimately the only strong candidate left is SC Judge Ebrahim Raisi, who is very loyal to the supreme leader
candidates are either unknown to Public/ have a very small base of supporters. So none of them is likely to win! Whereas in Ind
the constitution and in RPA act are much more rational and unbiased- nobody is disqualified for his political views/ not being in
Supreme leader”. #75-years-Independence। ईरान के सर्वोच्च नेता आयतुल्लाह ख़ामेनि ने राष्ट्रपति चुनाव में बहुत सारे उम्मीदवार का नामांकन रद्द कर दिया – इन आरोपों में की वे
या अमरीका/पश्चिमी ताक़तों के प्रति नरम रवैया रखते हैं। इस प्रकार से विविध मज़बूत उम्मीदवारों के नामांकन रद्द करवा कर अंत में आयतुल्लाह का चाहिता न्यायाधीश ही राष्ट्रपति चुनाव जीत सके , ऐसी श
75 वर्ष पर अपने संविधान/ लोकतंत्र पर गौरव होना चाहिए की इस प्रकार के अतरंगी कारण दिखाकर किसी का चुनावी नामांकन नहीं रोका जाता, मुक्त और निष्पक्ष रूप से चुनाव प्रक्रिया होती।
Comparing constitution: Slavery / bonded labour. Reports of North Korea sending the 700 Corona orphans / teenagers to work
factories and mines (forcibly / without even minimum wages), although officially North Korean government says they have “volu
in India- High Court, Supreme Court, union government, state government all have taken a sympathetic stand to help Corona o
prohibited under fundamental rights. DPSP require the state to look after the weak and needy persons. #75-years-Independenc
किशोरों को सरकारी फै क्ट्रियां और खदानों में मज़दूरी के लिए भेजा गया। हालाँकि सरकार ये बता रही है कि वे स्वैच्छिक रूप से गयी है किन्तु मानवाधिकार समूह का आरोप है कि तानाशाह किम जोंग उन इ
हमें भारत की आज़ादी के 75 वर्ष पर अपने संविधान/ लोकतंत्र पर गौरव होना चाहिए की हालाँकि भारत में भी कोरोना के चलते बच्चे अनाथ हुए हैं किं तु उनकी देखभाल के लिए न्यायालय और सरकार द्वारा
कोल इंडिया कम्पनी की खदानों में बंधुआ मज़दूरी के लिए नहीं भेजा जा रहा
China’s spacetech- The Tianzhou-2: unmanned cargo resupply spacecraft for its permanent space station.
Corona-2020: Union government had formed 11 empowered group of officers (EG) to deal with the corona crisis. These groups
reconstituted/reduced to 10 groups- each headed by Niti member/ secretary rank officers (IAS). E.g. EG on vaccination-Dr VK P
partnership to dealwith NGOs and private sector - Amitabh Kant (IAS, NITI CEO) etc. But memorizing the names and Chairmen
will be poor cost benefit। कोरोना संक्रमण से निपटने के लिए सरकार द्वारा विभिन्न अधिकारियों का सशक्त समूह
Whether to conduct class 12 board exams or not? Uske 500 types of permutations combinations alternatives leke jo Indian expr
day- a sensible UPSC aspirant should know that our Prelim exam is postponed to Oct-2021 [in that case mains exam may be co
whatever is the final development about class12 board exam will be known before that so no point in applying mind over this b
pros/cons/debate. बारहवीं कक्षा की परीक्षा होनी चाहिए कि नहीं होनी चाहिए इस पर जो रोज़ कॉलम लिखे जा रहे हैं भाई अपनी UPSC परीक्षा आने से पहले ही उसका कोई न कोई निर्णय तो
चर्चा हो रही है वो कु छ मायने नहीं रखता क्योंकि जो अंतिम निर्णय आए उसके बाद समीक्षा बेहतर होगी.
Fiscal prudence – previously Parliament had abolished the subsidy on food canteen. So member of Parliament will no longer get
the Parliament secretariat has started vaccination facility for the family members of the MPs but with a condition that MP must p
MPs are unhappy. राजकोषीय मितव्ययता/ फ़िज़ूल खर्ची कम करना- संसद कार्यालय द्वारा कैं टीन सब्सिडी बंद की गई थी. अब संसद कार्यालय द्वारा सांसदों के परिवार वालों को भी टीकाकरण क
ने इसके लिए पैसे देने होंगे. तो कु छ नेता लोग नाराज़ है. असल में उन्हें भगवान का शुक्र मनाना चाहिए कि कम से कम पैसा देकर भी तो वेकसिन मिल रही है! वरना हम तो रोज़ COWIN App पे लगे
Data- Previously Uttarakhand government officially announced / bragged that on April-2021 Kumbh was attended by 49 lakh de
reprimanded by Uttarakhand High Court because of the corona outbreak. So now state government revises the figures and says
Similar accusations also made about the GDP data of India by international analysts that Indian GDP is overestimated or inflated
सीना ठोककर कहा था कि 49 लाख श्रद्धालुओं ने कुं भ मेले में हिस्सा लिया लेकिन जब हाइ कोर्ट ने संक्रमण के बारे में डांट लगायी, अब राज्य सरकार कह रही है नहीं गलती से mistake हो गया सिर्फ़
घटनाओं से लोगों का विश्वास सरकारी आंकड़ों में कम होता है. भारत की GDP वृद्धि दर के बारे में भी अंतरराष्ट्रीय विशेषज्ञ कु छ ऐसी ही आलोचना करते हैं कि वास्तविक आंकड़ों से बढ़ा चढ़ाकर GDP
Currency swap agreement - usually signed between two countries to provide each other dollars$$ from their forex reserve in th
payment crisis. Borrower country will later on the repair dollars with interest (in $, or any other currency as per the agreement)
central bank) has approved a $200-million currency swap facility to Sri Lankan RBI. 1) previously Sri Lankan government had re
agreement but India did not sign it due to unhappiness over SriLanka cancelling India-Japan’s Colombo port project 2) call to B
developed country (LDC) but now their economic power is rising, so, this may be the first time that Bangladesh has signed such
समझौता जहाँ पर दो देश की कें द्रीय बैंक आपस में भुगतान संतुलन की समस्या में डॉलर मुहैया कराएगी जो कि सामने वाला देश है भविष्य में वापस भी लोटाएगा। बांग्लादेश और श्रीलंका ने ऐसा समझौता पा
भी ऐसी मदद माँगी थी लेकिन क्योंकि श्रीलंका की सरकार ने भारत को कोलंबो बंदरगाह प्रोजेक्ट से बेदख़ल किया (क्योंकि उन्हें चीन की गोद में बैठना था/ मतदाताओं को राज़ी करना था) था इस नाराज़गी
बांग्लादेश जो कि स्वयं एक अति पिछड़ा देश है लेकिन हाल के वर्षों में उनका अर्थतंत्र मज़बूत हो रहा है, तो उन्होंने श्रीलंका से मुद्रा अदला बदली समझौता किया है। यानी के बांग्लादेश “विश्वगुरु” बन रहा
Quote- Writing laws is easy, but governing is difficult. — Leo Tolstoy. क़ानून लिखना तो आसान है लेकिन शासन करना मुश्किल- लियो टॉलस्टॉय
Education / role of teacher- Blended teaching- University Grants Commission has proposed to the universities to encourage “ble
teaching 30% courses online → then increase it up to 70%! Anti arguments 1) Top down, celebrity teacher-centric, one-size-fits
of students 2) teachers will no longer remain mentors but become knowledge providers. The personal touch to bright students,
inculcation etc. will be harmed. 3) Every society needs teachers. They are not merely knowledge providers and students shd no
They do have a responsibility to introduce students to all sources of knowledge. But they are also knowledge creators. 4) Fresh
different generations of students and professors, then he learns to think and accept diversity. Thinking does not happen in isola
towns and villages going to college in bigger cities - they get exposed to the more liberal ideas/ practices regarding casteism pa
return back to their home towns they can help reforming the society. This is difficult in the online method. 5) universities also s
the future political leaders through student political movement. UGC ने प्रस्ताव दिया है कि कॉलेजों में 30% अभ्यास क्रम ऑनलाइन ज़रिये से पढ़ाया जाए और
70% इस अभ्यास क्रम ऑनलाइन ज़रिए ही पढ़ाया जाए। इसके विपक्ष में तर्क / चुनौतियां/ नुक़सान? अगर प्रत्यक्ष रूबरू मुलाक़ात नहीं होगी, सभी अध्यापक यदि ओनलाइन पढ़ाएँगे तो शिक्षक विद्यार्थियों
कॉलेज यूनिवर्सिटी में बच्चे अन्य धर्म समुदाय और उम्र के लोगों से घुलते मिलते हैं तो उन्हें बंधुत्व और सहिष्णुता की भावना बढ़ती है। छोटी गाँव शहर से बड़ी यूनिवर्सिटी में जब कु छ विद्यार्थी पढ़ते हैं दुनिया
गाँव शहर में जो जातिवाद और पितृ सत्तात्मक रवैया है वो ग़लत है। सब ऐसी सीख लेकर अपने वतन वापस जाएँ तो समाज सुधार हो सकता है।
AI-dangers / racial stereotyping– 1) Facebook artificial intelligence algorithm deleted the historic cultural photographs of Papua
‘Nudity’ – even the photos were the males were performing religious rituals without shirt were flagged /deleted as nudity. Howe
the photographs of celebrities without shirts/ scantily clad/minimal clothes. 2) 2021 Facebook and Instagram accused of deletin
posts even though there was no evidence of incitement to violence. Lesson? We can’t rely 100% on technology for governance
इंटेलिजेंस अलगोरिदम द्वारा न्यू गिनी के कु छ ऐतिहासिक सांस्कृ तिक चित्रों को अश्लीलता/ नग्नता आरोप में हटाया गया. हालाँकि उसमें कु छ पुरुष के वल बिना कमीज़ के कु छ धार्मिक विधि कर रहे थे. इसी प्र
इनमें हालाँकि हिंसा का समर्थन नहीं किया गया था, फिर भी फ़े सबुक द्वारा उन्हें हटाया गया। इन सब से सबक़ ये मिलता है कि प्रशासन में हम संपूर्ण तरह विज्ञान प्रौद्योगिकी और कं प्यूटर कृ त्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता के
United Nations General Assembly president Volkan Bozkir (Turkish politician, 1 year term) said “Pakistan is duty-bound to raise
more strongly.” Indian government has strongly opposed the statement ki Kashmir is integral part of India. Point to consider? I
shooting from his shoulder because of India’s friendship with Saudi Arabia? संयुक्त राष्ट्र सामान्य सभा के तुर्की अध्यक्ष वोलकन बोजकिर ने आपत्तिजनक बयान
कश्मीर का मुद्दा जोर शोर से संयुक्त राष्ट्र में उठाना चाहिए.” भारत सरकार ने इसका विरोध किया, कश्मीर भारत का अभिन्न हिस्सा है. पाकिस्तान का चूँ करने का भी कोई कर्तव्य बनता ही नहीं है. हालाँकि
सऊदी अरब का अच्छा मित्र है इसलिए कही तुर्की राष्ट्रपति अर्डोगान इस दो कोड़ी के वोलकन बोजकिर के कं धे पे रख के खुद तो बंदूक नहि फोड़ रहे है? अगर हाँ तो फिर उसका भाड़ा डबल करना पड़ेगा।
Arthur Muir, 75, became the oldest American to climb Mount Everest.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋West Bengal- Mamata skips PM cyclone Yaas meeting because West Bengal Leader of opposition Suvendu Adhikari w
government orders the chief secretary of West Bengal to serve in the union government. Narada case TMC leaders arrested rele
commentary. इनकी रोज़ की तू तू मैं मैं परीक्षा के लिए काम की नहीं.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ TARUN Tejpal, Tehelka magazine’s boss, acquitted in a rape case. Judge made some observations abt character of
running daily commentary on it.
Secularism- previously Kerala state government’s student scholarship scheme distributed the scholarship budget money in 80:2
Christians, even without conducting any population surveys to identify their social economic status. Kerala High Court observed
quota” is unconstitutional. Every minority community has equal right to get the scholarship money. All the notified minority com
equally. के रल राज्य सरकार की छात्रवृत्ति बजट की कु ल रक़म को मुसलमान और ईसाइयों में ८०-२० के अनुपात में राज्य सरकार बाँट रही थी। के रला हाईकोर्ट ने इसे असंवैधानिक बताया है, सभी अ
मिलनी चाहिए, यहाँ पर कोई आंतरिक कोटा नहीं होना चाहिए
Refugee/Alien rights- Rajasthan state government informed the High Court ke 25,000 Pakistani minority migrants are at presen
RAJASTHAN High Court directed the state government to ensure that ration and food is available to them. And even if they do n
prescribed by the union government they should be given Corona vaccination। राजस्थान ने 25 हज़ार पाकिस्तानी लोग स्थित है। हाईकोर्ट ने राज्य सरकार को
वैक्सीन मुहैया कि जाय।
Children- National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Bal Swaraj portal for children in need of care and protecti
helping children who lost both their parents in Corona. Supreme Court ordered district authorities to immediately take charge o
Corona. Union and state governments have also come up with schemes/ packages to have such orphans। राष्ट्रीय बाल अधिकार सुरक्षा आयोग
लिए बाल स्वराज वेबसाइट बनायी गई है। इसी वेबसाइट में कोरोना में यतीम/अनाथ की भी मदद की जाएगी। सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने भी जिला प्रशासन को आदेश दिया है कि ऐसी अनाथ बच्चों को मदद की जाए
अलग योजना लेकर आ रही है
Comparing Constitution- If Nepal Madhesi woman marries a foreign husband (usually Indian man across the border because of
ties) , then their children is denied the citizenship of Nepal. Later on to win the votebank of Madhesi community, ex-PM KP Oli r
now again there are talks of undoing it, to win some other vote bank / to pressurize the Madhesi leaders to support him etc. An
stand at present is not important, the point to consider is- both in Nepal and Myanmar, women marrying foreigners- them or th
political/civil/citizenship rights. E.g. Suu Ki prohibited from becoming the president of Myanmar because her husband and childr
the Constitution of Myanmar prohibits. The Constitution of India is much more liberal in this regard. / 75 years of independence
महिला किसी विदेशी पुरुष से शादी करें तो उसके बच्चों को नेपाल की नागरिकता नहीं दी जाती थी. किं तु बाद में भूतपूर्व प्रधानमंत्री KP ओली ने संविधान में संशोधन कर इस प्रावधान को रद्द करवाया हालाँ
चुनाव जीतने के लिए/ मधेशी समर्थकों को दबाने के लिए ये प्रावधान वापस लाएंगे /नहीं लाएंगे ऐसी सब राजनीति चल रही है. म्यांमार में भी आंग सांग सू की को राष्ट्रपति इसलिए नहीं बनने दिया क्योंकि उ
शादी करने पर आप राष्ट्रपति नहीं बन सकते. इन सब मामलों में भारतीय संविधान ज़्यादा उदार मत वाली है इसलिए आज़ादी के 75 सालों पर हमें गर्व होना चाहिए - परीक्षा में लिखने के लिए.
Stem cell research - it can help curing genetical disease cancer et cetera but requires studying human embryos & usually such e
testing process. but some activists are opposed that human embryos have the moral / legal status of persons and Life must be
not be used for research. Previously, INTERNATIONAL Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) prohibited use of embryos older
2021- they have removed this time limit. So even older embryos can be used for research. स्टेम सेल रिसर्च संशोधन से कैं सर तथा विविध जनीनिक बी
किन्तु यहाँ भ्रूण पर विविध प्रयोग संशोधन किए जाते हैं, जिसमें सामान्य रूप से वो भ्रूण ख़त्म हो जाता है। कु छ लोग विरोध करते हैं कि भ्रूण भी एक इंसान है इसलिए उस पर कोई परीक्षण नहीं होना चाहिए
की अंतरराष्ट्रीय संस्था ने पहले तो 14 दिनों से ज़्यादा उम्र के भ्रूण पर इस प्रकार के प्रयोगों की पाबंदी लगायी थी हालाँकि अब वो पाबंदी हटा दी है
Sports Ethics- Brazilian soccer superstar Neymar a) previously accused of raping a model b) Now, Nike Company dropped him f
of Neymar allegedly tried to rape/sexually assult a Nike employee, and he is not cooperating in the investigation. Separately, In
Kumar arrested for murder. Points to consider? 1) Sports credentials are not certificates for good character. 2) Sports coaches m
winning athletes, but failed to inculcate moral / ethical values in them. 3) Culture of Hero-worshipping sportsmen/ movie star /
crimes against humans and animals, tax evasions, etc. ब्राज़ील के फ़ु टबॉल खिलाड़ी नेमार पर बलात्कार / यौन हिंसा के आरोप लगे। नाईकी कं पनीने भी विज्ञापन समझौता
कु मार हत्या के आरोप में हुए गिरफ़्तार। यानी कि खेल कू द में मिले मेडल किसी व्यक्ति के चरित्र की उपाधि नहीं है। खेलकू द प्रशिक्षक अच्छी तालीम देकर व्यक्ति को मेडल जीतना तो सिखा पाईं लेकिन उसके
रहे। लोगों में भी खिलाड़ी और फ़िल्म अभिनेता को भगवान की तरह पूँजने की भावना-बड़े वे किसी भी प्रकार के अपराध में लिप्त हो।
GST Council usually meet every three months. But Corona- not done. 2020-Oct meeting, the next meeting in 2021-May. This 43
Committee/ Group of ministers (GoM) formed to study the GST rates Corona vaccines, medical supplies etc 2) reduce the penal
filling of GST documents/data. वस्तु एवं सेवाकर परिषद सामान्य रूप से तीन तीन महीने पर मिलती है किं तु कोरोना संक्रमण के चलते पिछले साल अक्टू बर के बाद सीधा इस साल मई के
निर्णय नहीं लिया गया किन्तु 1) मंत्रियों का एक समूह बनाया है जो वैक्सीन इत्यादि चीज़ों पर GST दरें कितनी लगायी जाए समीक्षा करेगा 2) GST के दस्तावेज़ देरी से जमा करने पर लगने वाले जुर्माने
Corona- China lab virus? US president Joe Biden has ordered FBI/CIA to investigate the origin of coronavirus / that it was devel
country (-China). India has also supported the call demanding “world health organization (WHO) investigate this and all the cou
cooperate to it” अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति ने अपनी जासूसी संस्थाओं को आदेश दिया है कि पता लगाइए कोरोना वायरस का जन्म कै से हुआ था भारत सरकार ने भी विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन में कु छ ऐसी ही
की जाए और सभी देश उसमें सहयोग दे।
Mental health- NAOMI OSAKA, a four-time Grand Slam singles champion, announced she will not participate in any news confer
because the reporters keep asking offensive / negative toned questions repeatedly, especially to the defeated player-which can
mental health. Previously Williams sisters had also skip the news conference for similar reasons, they were fined by the tennis o
organisers believe that if tennis star does not appear in the press conference after the match then it will affect their sports popu
advertisement revenue. मानसिक स्वास्थ्य- इस टेनिस महिला खिलाड़ी नाओमी ओसाका ने टेनिस मैच पश्चात की पत्रकार परिषद में शामिल होने से किया इनकार. क्योंकि हारे हुए खिलाड़ी
प्रश्न बार बार पत्रकारों से पूछे जाते हैं, “आपको हारने के बाद कै सा लग रहा है आप से क्या गलतियां हुई थी?” … बार बार ऐसे घटिया प्रश्नों का सामना करके खिलाड़ी की मानसिक स्वास्थ्य बिगड़ जाए.
टेनिस स्टार ने ऐसी प्रेस कॉन्फ़्रे न्स/ पत्रकार परिषद में हिस्सा लेना, वरना उन्हें दंडित किया जाएगा क्योंकि प्रेस कॉन्फ़्रे न्स होगी तभी तो उसके अख़बारी लेख/ वीडियो देखकर लोगों में टेनिस देखने का माहौ
विज्ञापन से आमदनी में बढ़ोतरी हो.
RBI ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2020-21. Circulation of fake currency notes of ₹500 has increased by 30%. RBI has printed no new
financial year 2020-2021. 500 रुपये के जाली नोटों का चलन बढ़ा.
Lakshadweep GEOGRAPHY: 36 islands across 12 atolls, closest to Kerala. Only 10 of the islands are inhabited. Lakshadweep wa
the Madras Presidency, Lakshadweep was given Union Territory status following Kerala state’s formation in 1956. Lakshadweep
Territory population wise. Population composition- Mainly Muslims and Scheduled Tribes. Language - Malayalam and Dhivehi.
Congo Country- volcanic eruption by Mount Nyiragongo. कांगो देश में ज्वालामुखी
Death- Eric Carle German American author of children’s books known for “the very hungry caterpillar”.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Hong Kong changes electoral law, reduces direct public vote. हांगकांग के चुनावी क़ानून में क्या सुधार किए गए बोहोत दिमाग़ लगाने का फ़ायदा नहीं है
UT Reforms- Lakshadweep’s new administrator is trying to implement following reforms but met with opposition from local lead
liquor prohibition in Lakshadweep except on uninhabited island of Bangaram’s hotels. But he wants liquor to be served to the to
can also attract more tourist just like Mauritius- although liquor will not be sold to the local public. But local public thinks it will i
bootlegging/smuggling/alcoholism in local population. 2) he wants to connect anti-Goonda Act because previously narcotic drug
from some youth. But local activists think that such act will be used for silencing the critics of the government / environmentalis
politicians with more than two children from contesting dweep-panchayat elections, [but this rule will become effective only from
not in retrospective manner] but this too is opposed by some local leaders. 4) law to ban cow buffalo slaughter and beef. Locals
administration had a relax with the corona testing and quarantine norms in order to encourage the tourism but consequently nu
deaths have increased. कें द्र शासित प्रदेश लक्षद्वीप में नई प्रशासक के क़ानूनी और प्रशासनिक सुधार–1) लक्षद्वीप में शराब बंदी थी लेकिन प्रवासन पर्यटन को बढ़ोतरी देने के लिए प्रवासियों को
आपराधिक गतिविधियों को क़ाबू में रखने के लिए गुंडा विरोधी क़ानून बनाया 3) दो से ज़्यादा बच्चे हैं ऐसे नेताओं को पंचायत चुनाव न लड़ने दिया जाए 4) इस गाय भैस की हत्या पर प्रतिबंध 5) कोरोना
उद्योग को प्रोत्साहन मिले. – लक्षद्वीप के स्थानीय लोग और नेता इन सब का विरोध कर रहे हैं

E-governance in judiciary- SC e-committee under Justice Chandrachud. Committee suggested an interoperable digital architectu
sharing among all pillars of the criminal justice system — the police, prosecutors, prisons and courts. 2019- Interoperable Crimi
launched to integrate existing centralised data systems such as Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS),e-pris
/challenge? 1) Vagueness in the data protection laws. Privacy of citizens may be violated / Data maybe misused for harassing a
maintain hard copy of “habitual offenders” (HOs). Usually, persons belonging to certain castes / religion feature prominently in
persons/relatives associated with HO due to police prejudice, also get added into it eventually if all of that is fed into the system
rehabilitation of the prisoners. Because even after finishing the jail sentence if person is settling in another district or state, whe
track on him due to “digital” habitual offender list and then he may get ostracized by the neighbours, employers etc. पुलिस, सरकारी
साझा करने के लिए ICGS प्रोजेक्ट. किन्तु कु छ आलोचक विरोध कर रहे हैं कि नागरिकों की निजता का हनन होगा तथा स्थानीय पुलिस द्वारा जो “आदतन अपराधी” का रजिस्टर बनाया जाता है और व
समुदायों के लोगों का नाम ज़्यादा लिखा जाता है उनके साथ और जादा नाइंसाफी होगी क्योंकि पूरे भारत में सभी पुलिस थानों में उनका नाम पहुँच जाएगा तो वे कहीं पर भी नौकरी रोज़गार की तलाश में जा
FUGITIVE DIAMANTAIRE Mehul Choksi fled from Antigua and Barbuda, was captured again in Dominica.
Edible oil import sources for India - Argentina and Brazil for soyabeen oil (but dry weather- production declined.). 2) Malaysia a
China is buying more quantity, Labour supply issues in the Corona). 3) edible oils are being used for generating biofuels by USA
affecting the crop production.
Simone Biles-Artistic Gymnastics of USA. She became the only woman gymnast to perform Yurchenko double pike vault landing
जो उससे पहले के वल पुरुषों ने ही किया था किसी महिला ने नहीं
Death - Harohalli Srinivasaiah (HS) Doreswamy- GANDHIAN freedom fighter H S Doreswamy from Karnataka. Participated in the
Vinoba Bhave’s Bhoodan movement. A physics and maths teacher. हिन्द-छोड़ो आंदोलन के साथ जुड़े गांधीवादी स्वतंत्रता सेनानी एच एस दूरीस्वामी का निधन
BizGK4NonIAS- Amazon company purchases Metro-Goldwyn- Mayer (MGM), Hollywood studio associated with James Bond and
founder Jeff Bezos to retire from CEO post, Andy Jassy will replace him.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋WHATSAPP MOVES COURT AGAINST GOVT. Social media and safe harbour rules (Already covered in past months’ N
against Indian government, Indian government stands Police to Twitter office. कु छ अंतिम चीज़ निकल के आने दो आज कल लगता है इंडियन एक्सप्रेस के
का पुनरावर्तन कर रहा है.
Vaccine Diplomacy: NEPAL PRESIDENT Bidya Devi Bhandari sends letter to President Ram Nath Kovind for 20 lakh Covid-19 vac
से विनती की है कि उन्हें 20 लाख कोरोना वेक्सीन दिए जाएं! इधर हमारे ख़ुद के वान्धे चल रहे.
Corona Vaccine wastage- Highest Jharkhand (37.3%), Chhattisgarh (30.2%), Tamil Nadu (15.5%), Jammu and Kashmir (10.8%
are reporting much higher wastage than the national average (6.3%). Although Jharkhand state government denies these alleg
citing the COWIN Database. करोना वैक्सीन की सबसे ज़्यादा बर्बादी झारखंड राज्य में हो रही है ऐसा कें द्र का दावा किन्तु राज्य का इनकार
National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) would offer 1,500 km — 32 projects — under the Toll- Operate-Transfer (TOT) mo
chalks out a fresh monetisation plan. Although many states have been in and out of lockdowns, toll collections haven’t suffered
generating traffic is the freight segment, which hasn’t been affected. Besides the TOT model, the NHAI is also exploring the Inv
The authority has firmed up a pipeline of 19 projects worth ~35,000 crore under the InvIT model. भारत के राष्ट्रीय राजमार्ग स्प्ब अधिकरण ने तय
राजमार्ग टोल/पथकर-संचालन-हस्तांतरण प्रणाली में निजी क्षेत्र को दिए जाएंगे. ताकि निजी क्षेत्र के ठेके दार सरकार को पैसा दे और उन राजमार्ग पर टोल/पथकर वसूले. हालाँकि स्प्ब कोरोना वायरस महामा
आई है किं तु माल सामान के आवागमन जारी है, इसलिए सरकार को लगता है कि इन सब राज़मार्गों से गुज़रने वाले ट्रकों पर टोल से भी अच्छी खासी कमाई हो सकती.
Iran banned the mining of cryptocurrencies because crypto mining computers - electricity consumption ⏫ → power outages. क्रि
बहुत सारे कं प्यूटर को चलना पड़ता है जिसके चलते इलाके की बिजली भी गुल हो जाती है इसलिए ईरान ने क्रिप्टो मुद्रा ऊपर प्रतिबंध घोषित किया है
FDI largest recipient states of India in 2020-21- Gujarat 37% Maharashtra (27 per cent) and Karnataka (13 per cent). इन प्रत्यक्ष विदे
Mental health: Nadia Whittome (Indian origin) youngest member of Parliament in Britain announced she will be keeping holiday
for mental health reasons, advice of the doctors. Points to consider? Mental health issues are considered to be a taboo in many
suffering they will hide it fearing job loss/ social ostracization, but british MP open disclosure will help reducing the feeling of tab
issues. मानसिक स्वास्थ्य के चलते ब्रिटेन की सांसद ने कु छ दिनों की छु ट्टी ली है. प्रायः मानसिक स्वास्थ्य बीमारियों को लोग छु पाते हैं क्योंकि वे डरते हैं कि समाज द्वारा उनका बहिष्कार होगा उनके नौ
जाएंगे हालाँकि ब्रिटिश सांसद के खुले एकरार के चलते धीरे धीरे इस प्रकार के निषेध कम होंगे
Hobby: tennis – French Open remains the only major that does not use the electronic/digital ball-tracking / line-calling system,
make final decisions based on marks left by the ball on the red clay. Because the organiser feel that human element and human
keeping the passion alive in the sport otherwise tennis will also become like e-sports.
Secularism / stereotyping- 2018 British Prime Minister Boris Johnson said, “women wearing burqas as looking like letterboxes”.
महिलाओं के ख़िलाफ़ की गई एक टिप्पणी पर ब्रिटिश प्रधानमंत्री ने खेद जताया है
SC 2019 guidelines after Prakash Singh’s complaint – if only six months are left to be for retirement of an IPS officer then he ca
DGP. 2021- SC CJI uses this guideline to reject the applications of IPS officers near the retirement aspiring to become CBI chief
also apply to chiefs for the IB and R&AW. यदि किसी पुलिस अफ़सर की नौकरी अवधि में के वल छह महीने ही बाक़ी हो तो उसे DGP नहीं बना सकते ऐसे सुप्रीम कोर्ट की निर्देशि
को CBI चीफ़ बनने से रोका गया है
Elections in healthy democracy: SAMOA Country - First time a woman Fiame Naomi Mata’afa was elected as prime minister. But
willing to accept victory. He got the parliament house locked so the lady couldn't not take oath as prime minister. Lesson? Why
Constitution/democracy/75 years of independence? Ans. nobody is locking down the doors to prevent winner from taking the oa
Previously WhatsApp had threatened to disable the App's features for users who do not accept privacy policy but now it has sai
to work.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Abortion rights: USA's Roe v Wade brews case.
India to send women national team to 2027 FIFA World Cup.
Phil Mickelson: Oldest golfer to win PGA Championship at age of 50.
Belarus used fighter plane to intercept & force a Commercial aeroplane to land so that Belarusian police could arrest a dissident
have termed this act as “state piracy”. Belarus may face sanctions.
Sports Ethics: Olympic medals can be no character certificates / ethics certificate. Sushil Kumar had won wrestling Olympic med
and a silver in London 2012 - And get arrested for a murder case by Delhi Police. Dark side of Wrestling: Those who cannot win
bodyguards/goondas of politicians, ganglords and night club owners. They engage in property grabbing, drug trafficking etc. Ak
between top wrestlers Are not confined to the sports areana. They engage in violence outside as well.
MCA21 V3.0: Updated website of Ministry of Corporate Affairs companies can upload various compliance reports with respect to
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ US central bank’s cryptocurrency plan. Let them actually announce something concrete.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ DHFL administrator, lenders appeal against Wadhawan offer order.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Yes Bank AT-1 bond case: SAT stays Sebi order of 25-cr fine [AT1 bond already Explain ine last years Win20 Series
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ gold jewellery hallmarking deferred from 1 June to June 15. [I have changed the original cell of 14th April in the ex
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋NBFCs seek relaxation in RBI's strict auditor norms. Technical rules related to nbfc sector - not imp.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋What is SC ruling on creditors invoking personal guarantees? Technical judgements related to bankruptcy - not imp.
Life Insurance Corporation(LIC) ⏫ retirement age of LIC chairman from 60 to 62 years. After this change, the present Chairma
to get an extension for two more years. Plus many other technical changes regarding who can apply for the chairmanship post
UPSC exam. if you are preparing for insurance officer exam, you may prepare it from Indian Express explained series. जीवन बीमा नि
गया है. अध्यक्ष की नियुक्ति के बारे में और भी कु छ तकनीकी सुधार किए गए लेकिन शिवाय के आप इंश्योरेंस ऑफिसर की परीक्षा की तैयारी कर रहे हैं वह सब में दिमाग खर्च करने का बहुत फायदा नहीं है
Malfeasance / Abuse of authority: Viral video of Chhattisgarh COLLECTOR/DM (IAS) for slapping a man and throwing his mobile
Covid-19 restrictions. Chief minister ordered his transfer and told the district officials to buy a new mobile phone for the victim.
person has violated the Corona lockdown norms then a fine should be imposed on him. Physical torture and damaging mobile p
overuse of authority. 2) IAS officer need to behave In a professional manner To set example for his subordinates. If he himself
mobiles → then the lower staff/policemen will also think "this is the right way to handle pandemic/crisis." → ⏫ scope for harass
का दुरुपयोग- छत्तीसगढ़ के कलेक्टर ने कोरोनावायरस का उल्लंघन कर रहे एक युवक को थप्पड़ मारा और उसका मोबाइल तोड़ दिया. मुख्यमंत्री ने कलेक्टर के तबादले किया और युवक को नया फोन दिल
यदि कोई व्यक्ति लॉकडाउन के नियमों का उल्लंघन कर रहा है तो उस पर जुर्माना लगाना चाहिए मारपीट और मोबाइल तोड़ना अवैध है. सार्वजनिक स्थानों पर आईएएस ऑफिसर का बर्ताव बहुत ही शालीन
मारपीट वाली हरकतों को देखकर उसकी स्टाफ तथा पुलिसकर्मी भी प्रेरित होते हैं इसी तरह का आचरण करने में. जिसमें अंततः सामान्य नागरिक को ही परेशानी होती है
Cyclone Yaas, named by Oman. Yaas means a tree bearing fragrant flowers. It is likely to hit West Bengal and Orissa in East Co
storm.
Maharashtra government has nominated the 17th century's 14 Forts of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj for UNESCO grants World H
includes- 1) RAJGAD FORT in Pune district, capital of the Maratha Empire under Chhatrapati Shivaji for almost 26 years. Then c
Raigad Fort. 2) RAIGAD FORT in Sahyadris Hills 3) SHIVNERI FORT Near Junnar in Pune district. Shivaji’s birthplace, example o
architecture. Other Forts: Torna Fort, Lohagad, Salher Fort, Mulher Fort, Rangana Fort, Ankai Tankai Forts, Kasa Fort, Khanderi
Fort Popularly known as Kulaba Fort - a naval base by Chhatrapati Shivaji, SUVARNADURG Built on an island. महाराष्ट्र सरकार ने 17वीं स
को यूनेस्को द्वारा "विश्व धरोहर स्थल" के लिए नामित किया है।
Quote: Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far. — USA President Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt. (लोगों से) बात नरमी से करनी चाहि
तो आप दूर तक जा सकते हैं.
Former national security advisor (NSA) Shiv Shankar Menon’s new book, "India and Asian Geopolitics". According to Shiv Shank
"vishwa guru" yet because 1) "Vishva Guru" narrative is domestic image projection for Political purpose, India being a global po
much more realistic. The world measures a country's success on material power, hard power, economy, military strength, and a
affairs properly. India has much to improve in those fronts 2) In the present modern age we are not a great generator of know
are actually an importer of knowledge, of technology, of ideas. 3) Vishwa Guru doesn’t necessarily mean that Indians have bett
secure lives - which should be the first priority of govt. anyways this negativism not very important for the scope of mains exam
may ask something so you need to have arguments/counter argument ready. भूतपूर्व राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा सलाहकार शिवशंकर मेनन ने कहा है कि भारत अभी एक
कहानी घरेलू राजनीति के उद्देश्य से बनाई गई है कि (मोदी सरकार आने से) भारत एक वैश्विक सत्ता बन चुका है. हालांकि विश्व- किसी देश का मूल्यांकन ज्यादा वास्तविक मानदंडों पर करता है जैसी जीडी
से संभाला जा रहा है इत्यादि. वर्तमान सदी में भारत विज्ञान प्रौद्योगिकी और विचार बाहर से आयात कर रहा है, अपनी विज्ञान प्रौद्योगिकी और विचार निर्यात कम कर रहा है. भारत "विश्वगुरू" बन गया है
ज्यादा बेहतर, ज्यादा खुशहाल, ज्यादा सुरक्षित जीवन है- जोकि वर्तमान समय में सरकार की सबसे बड़ी प्राथमिकता होनी चाहिए. खैर यह सब नकारात्मक चर्चा मुख्य परीक्षा के लिए उपयोगी नहीं किं तु इंट
आपके पास संतुलित जवाब तैयार होने चाहिए
book "India and Asian Geopolitics" by Former national security advisor (NSA) Shiv Shankar Menon
NAVDEEP BHATIA: Became the first Superfan to be inducted into the Hall of Fame National Basketball Association’s (NBA, North
of Toronto Raptors team, and has rarely missed a game since 1995.
Vaccine: PUNJAB asked Moderna Company to sell vaccines but Moderna refused, "we do not supply directly to states. We engag
government." Delhi State Government also suffered similar set back with other Global companies. पंजाब राज्य सरकार ने मॉडर्ना जैसी विदेशी कं प
लेकिन उन विदेशी कं पनियों ने मना कर दिया कि हम राज्यों सरकारों को नहीं बेचते हम सिर्फ कें द्र पर सरकार को बेचते
Allopathy Versus Ayurved Points to consider for Essay / Interview: Yoga guru Baba Ramdev socia media video where he saying
Corona as tamasha (farce), bekaar (worthless), and diwaliya (lame duck) 2) lakhs of corona deaths have occurred due to allopa
allopathy doctors disrespect ayurveda and yoga, by calling it pseudoscience. Health Minister writes to Baba Ramdev 1) Your rem
Today lakhs of people are recovering and going home. The country’s fatality rate is only 1.13 percent and recovery rate is 88 pe
smallpox, polio, ebola, SARS, and tuberculosis has been offered by only allopathy. 4) Your comments are disrespectful for the D
गुरु बाबा रामदेव ने एक वीडियो में कोरोना महामारी में एलोपैथी चिकित्सा को तमाशा बेकार और दिवालिया बताया था. स्वास्थ्य मंत्री ने इसका विरोध किया है कि लाखों लोगों की जान एलोपैथी से बची है औ
एलोपैथी से ही संभव है.
Sportsman and cryptocurrency: FTX Crypto Cup. Online chess tournament with highest prize $320,000. It will be paid in cryptoc
acceptance of Cryptocurrency). World Chess champion Magnus Carlsen etc are participating. क्रिप्टो मुद्रा की लोकप्रियता व स्वीकृ ति बढ़ाने के लिए कै
जा रही है जहां इनाम की रकम क्रिप्टो मुद्रा के स्वरूप में दी जाएगी
Karnataka's Kolar APMC market Is the second largest tomato market in Asia. tomato produce has been nearly four times more t
there is demand uncertainty because of Corona lockdown in other states. So APMC traders are Unwilling to buy /Offering very li
thrown the potatoes on the roadside. Points to consider? 1) IMD predicted good monsoon → agriculture production is improving
uncertainties we can not double the income of farmers (Even though tomato production is 4x times⏫. 2) Recall Adam Smith's D
paradox- anything that is available in large supply will become very cheap and ultimately farmers will be ruined 3) Cobweb Phen
production of tomatoes → prices ⏬ so next year unhappy farmers will avoid cultivating tomatoes → supply ⏬ → tomato inflatio
एशिया की दूसरी सबसे बड़ी मंडी है, किं तु अभी यहां के व्यापारी या तो किसान से टमाटर खरीदने से मना कर रहे हैं या बहुत ही कम कीमतें दे रहे हैं क्योंकि विभिन्न राज्यों में कोरोना लॉकडाउन के चलते
अनिश्चितता है. परेशान होकर किसान अपने टमाटर सड़क पर फें क के गांव वापस चले गए. गौर करने की बात यह है कि टमाटर का उत्पादन पिछले साल की अपेक्षा 4 गुना बढ़ गया है, किं तु इन अनिश्चि
कर पाएंगे. अर्थशास्त्र के पितामह एडम स्मिथ ने भी " वैल्यू पैराडॉक्स" सिद्धांत में भी कु छ ऐसी बातें की थी कि जो भी चीज विपुल मात्रा में उपलब्ध हो जाती है उसका अवमूल्यन हो जाता है- जैसे पानी ब
हुआ "कोबवेब/ मकड़ी का जाला" सिद्धांत- क्योंकि इस वर्ष टमाटर की अत्याधिक आपूर्ति के चलते दाम गिर गए हैं तो अगले वर्ष किसान टमाटर नहीं उगाएंगे कि इसमें अच्छी कमाई नहीं → बाजार में टमा
वर्ष टमाटर में बहुत ज्यादा खाद्य महंगाई हो सकती है.
INTERNATIONAL Monetary Fund Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva proposed a $50 billion global vaccination plan to cover
global population by the end of 2021 and at least 60 percent by 2022. अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मुद्रा कोष ने विश्व की कम से कम 60% आबादी का टीकाकरण करने के लिए
Corona vs State Fiscal Resources: “Hamara toh vaccine kharidne mein diwaliya nikal jayega (If we have to buy all the vaccines
Government will be bankrupt)” says Jharkhand Chief Minister Hemant Soren.
Ambergris/ ‘whale puke’- substance formed by a sperm whale's vomit or faeces. When it is released in the sea waters → becom
smell. 5kg sells for more than 5cr. Used in making expensive perfumes, aphrodisiac etc esp in Arab nations. Sperm whale - an e
So, sale / possession of ambergris is punishable under the Wildlife Protection Act. व्हेल मछली के उल्टी, विष्टा/मल से निकलने वाला पदार्थ जब पानी में ठो
अंबरग्रीस काफी सुगंधित/खुशबूदार होता है → खासकर अरबी देशो में महंगे वाले इत्र, कामोद्दीपक दवाइयां बनाने में इस्तेमाल. हालाकी व्हेल मछली भारत के वन्य जीव सुरक्षा कानून के अंतर्गत एक लुप्तप्राय
बिक्री गैरकानूनी.
Teachers' unethical conduct: Gujarat CID is probing 70 teachers of government Primary schools, who submitted fake medical ce
kidney problems, cancer, and diabetes among others to seek Inter district transfer - preferably in city areas for their "disease tr
1) When teachers submit fake medical certificates to avoid posting in remote/rural/tribal areas - it is difficult to expect educatio
regions. 2) When teachers themselves are engaged in Producing fake certificates for transfers, it shows ethical degradation in s
has found that teachers absenteeism is higher in the areas with electricity problems, So Government needs to improve the sala
safety, housing, electricity Broadband and other amenities to encourage teachers to stay in remote rural areas. शहरी इलाकों में तबादला
करने वाले सरकारी शिक्षकों पर गुजरात सीआईडी जांच कर रही है. ऐसे शिक्षक यह झूठा दावा करते हैं कि उन्हें कैं सर/ह्रदयरोग इत्यादि गंभीर बीमारी है जिसका इलाज सिर्फ शहरों में हो सकता है इसलिए व
विषय- जब दूर दराज के इलाकों में/ दुर्गम प्रदेशों में/ गांव/ आदिवासी विस्तार में नौकरी ना करनी पड़े इसलिए शिक्षक ही झूठी बीमारी के प्रमाण पत्र पेश करेंगे तो कै से उन पिछड़े इलाकों में शिक्षा का स्तर
अनैतिक प्रवृत्तियों में लिप्त है तो वह समाज का प्रतिबिंब है. आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण ने यह पाया कि जिन इलाकों में बिजली की किल्लत होती है वहां शिक्षकों की गैर हाजिरी ज्यादा होती है क्योंकि वह गांव की जगह
सरकार की भी जिम्मेदारी बनती है कि शिक्षकों को अच्छी तनख्वाह, सुरक्षा, मकान, बिजली ब्रॉडबैंड और दूसरी सुविधाएं मिलें ताकि वह गांव में भी खुशी से और सुकू न से नौकरी कर पाएं.
Dante Alighieri: 700th anniversary of death of Italy's poet and philosopher, Famous for his book ‘Divine Comedy’- where he wro
Purgatory, and Paradise. His goal is to reach spiritual maturity and an understanding of God's love. He gave a vivid description a
punishments given in hell (e.g. Thieves use hands to steal valuables, so in hell their hands are cut/burned)- motivates/scares th
sins. पापियों को नर्क में किस प्रकार की सजाएं मिलती है उसका वर्णन दांते ने अपनी किताब में किया था.
Death: Vijay Patil, also known as (aka) Raam Laxman- Music composer associated with Sooraj barjatya Rajshri Productions- Hum
and Hum Saath Saath Hain (1999), Maine Pyaar Kiya (1989) etc.
Book: The Battle of Belonging: On Nationalism, Patriotism And What It Means To Be Indian By Shashi Tharoor
FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association, HQ Paris). FIFA Football World Cup started SINCE 1930. It is organised
Qatar. but now there is a proposal to organise it every two years- to generate more advertisement revenue. Anti argument: it w
the event if it is organised every two years. फीफा फु टबॉल प्रतियोगिता वैसे तो हर 4 साल पर आयोजित होती है,किं तु विज्ञापन से मोटी कमाई करने के लिए ऐसा प्रस्ताव रखा ग
जाए. हालांकि आलोचकों का मानना है कि जल्दी जल्दी प्रतियोगिता आयोजित होती रही तो इस वर्ल्डकप के बारे में परीक्षा को के दिलों में श्रेष्ठता/गरिमा/गंभीरता/उत्सुकता कम हो जाएगी. जिस प्रकार से आ
कोर्स" लॉन्च किया जाता है.
2021-May- Cash in the hands of the public reaches an all time high of Rs 28.39 lakh crore. Meaning people have withdrawn Lar
from the banks. Reason: 1) Corona wave 2.0 - over 1 lakh new patients vs loot bazaar/Black marketing of Oxygen, Remdesivir
government imposing lockdowns. People get panic and prefer to keep cash in hand for emergency For their daily needs 4) Coro
Even for day to day purchase person is forced to take out savings from the bank. लोगों के हाथ में नगदी मुद्रा की मात्रा अप्रत्याशित रूप से बढ़ चुकी है क्यों
में निकाल रहे हैं कोरोनावायरस के चलते. क्योंकि इलाज का खर्चा, लॉकडाउन के दौरान रोजाना चीजें खरीदने का खर्चा, बेरोजगारी और धंधे में मंदी के चलते जीवन निर्वाह के लिए भी बचत का पैसा नगदी
India's total vaccination cost at Rs 3.7 lakh crore. If the states continue the lockdown till June-2021-Its economic loss is going t
vaccination is much cheaper-says SBI report भारत के सभी लोगों का टीकाकरण करने का खर्चा लॉकडाउन में हो रहे आर्थिक नुकसान के खर्चे से कम है -ऐसा स्टेट बैंक ऑफ इं
RBI requires the Reserve Bank of India to set aside some ₹₹ for various Emergency funds/ buffers. Afterwards if any ₹₹ left →
Government of India. RBI gave Rs 99,122 crore Dividend. Associated committee on dividend formula -Bimal Jalan committee. रि
लाभांश के रूप में 99 हजार करोड़ से ज्यादा रकम दी है

Fertilizer subsidy computation- 1) Urea Maximum retail price (MRP) is statutorily fixed by the Ministry of fertilizer at Rs 242 for a
required to sell at this price only. If their cost price is than this MRP/selling price then the Government will pay subsidy. So exac
uniform but it is variable e.g. if cost price 250 - MRP 242- ₹8 subsidy.. If cost price ₹252- MRP 242- ₹10 subsidy. Thus, if the in
amount will automatically increase. 2) In the non urea Fertilizer the amount of subsidy is fixed under the nutrient-based subsidy
Nitrogen, Rs 14/kg for Phosphorus, Rs 10/kg for Potassium(K) and Rs 2/kg for Sulphur. It doesn't matter What is factory's inpu
material. Subsidy depends on above fixed prices. in proportion of the chemical elements used e.g. Single Super Phosphate (SSP
(S). muriate of potash (MOP) - Nitrogen 46% and potassium (K) 60%. di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) - 46% phosphorus (P) a
Controversy? ⏫⏫Imported Raw material prices for DAP. But the subsidy still fixed at Rs 18/kg for Nitrogen, Rs 14/kg for Phosp
increased the selling price of DAP to keep Share profit margin unchanged. DAP's MRP⏫ from Rs1,200 to Rs1,900/bag. Farmers
Solution- Government has increased with the per kilogram Nutrient based subsidy price for DAP e.g. Phosphorus subsidy per kg
etc. But these rates are applicable only in case of DAP, and not for other non urea fertilizers. यूरिया उर्वरक के बाजार बिक्री दाम कें द्र सरकार कानूनन
प्रति बैग चल रहे हैं. यदि किसी कं पनी का उत्पादन खर्च इससे ज्यादा है तो उस अनुपात में भारत सरकार उसे सब्सिडी देगी. यानी कि प्रत्येक कं पनी को किलोग्राम के हिसाब से कितनी सब्सिडी मिलेगी वह
कि उनका उत्पादन खर्च कम है कि ज्यादा. हालांकि यूरिया के अलावा वाले उर्वरकों में पोषक तत्व आधारित सब्सिडी प्रणाली है जहां पर नाइट्रोजन फास्फोरस पोटाशियम सल्फर - आपने अपने फर्टिलाइजर
किलोग्राम के आधार पर निश्चित सब्सिडी दी जाएगी. बाजार मूल्य सरकार तय नहीं करेगी. DAP फर्टिलाइजर उत्पादन के लिए काफी कच्चा माल हमने विदेशों से आयात करना होता है और पिछले कु छ मही
बहुत ज्यादा बढ़ चुकी है जिसके चलते भारत की फर्टिलाइजर कं पनियां भी DAP के दाम बढ़ा रही हैं और किसान विरोध प्रदर्शन कर रहे हैं इसलिए भारत सरकार दे इस फर्टिलाइजर में सब्सिडी की मात्रा को
Death- Sunderlal Bahuguna (1927 - 2021)- He belonged to Tehri district in Uttarakhand. He had participated in 1) Vinoba Bhave
Chipko movement 1970s- to stop the cutting of trees 3) protests against the building of the Tehri dam from the 1980s to 2004.
Temple entry for Dalits. Awards? 1) 1981- he had refused to accept the Padma Shri To protest against the Tehri Dam 2) 2009-
Vibhushan. चिपको आंदोलन से जुड़े सुंदरलाल बहुगुणा का देहांत
Vaccine priority- Q) IIT directors requested that IIT staff & Students should be given Corona vaccination on priority basis so tha
Education Minister/health minister, how will you address this demand? Ans. 1) Given the shortage of vaccines, present policy is
higher age group, Frontline health worker etc. IIT-walla don't fall in this category. 2) In 18-44 age group- vaccines given based
online registration. 3) Giving vaccine to to IIT students before other university students (e.g. JNU) and occupational groups (e.g
new set of demands/protests, after all, the constitution provides for right to life and equality for everyone Irrespective of their e
छात्रों को अग्रता क्रम से कोरोनावायरस का टीकाकरण दिया जाए ताकि उनके पढ़ाई कक्षाएं त्वरित रूप से वापस शुरू की जा सके ऐसी अर्जी आईआईटी के निर्देशकों ने सरकार में डाली है. शिक्षा मंत्री या स्वा
जवाब देंगे? सबसे पहली प्राथमिकता बुजुर्गों को और फ्रं टलाइन कर्मियों को देने की जरूरत। नौजवानों में किसे टीकाकरण मिलेगा वह तो वैक्सीन की उपलब्धता पर निर्भर है और ऑनलाइन पंजीकरण पर निर्भ
यूनिवर्सिटी के छात्रों से पहले अग्रता क्रम से टिका दिया जाएगा तो इसका विरोध होगा क्योंकि संविधान के हिसाब से तो सभी को जीने का अधिकार एक समान रूप से दिया गया है. हालांकि आज की इंडिय
मुझे लगता है कल-परसों में इस कॉलम के विरोध में किसी आईआईटी प्रोफे सर या विद्यार्थी द्वारा कॉलम लिखी जाएगी कि हमने ऐसी मांग कभी नहीं की कि दूसरों की जिंदगी आईआईटी के छात्रों से कम कीम
चलती रहेगी।
Notable cyclones between 2010 to 2021- a) BAY OF Bengal- Amphan Nivar Burevi Fani Bulbul Titli Ockhi Vardha Hudhud Phailin
SEA- Tauktae Nisarga Hikka Mekanu Luban Chapala Megh Keila Phet
Chinese government stand on the Dalai Lama- The successor of Dalai Lama will be selected by 1) drawing lots/names from the
candidate would be subject to approval by the central government of China. Chinese government has said that this has been th
(1644-1911). And we will continue the same. वर्तमान दलाई लामा के बाद दूसरा दलाई लामा कौन बनेगा उसमें चीन सरकार की अनुमति आवश्यक होगी
INS Makar- Navy ship equipped with side scan sonars,to search for the missing ONGC crew members after Cyclone Tauktae. Tr
conducting hydrographic surveys by the Navy.
Death-Dinesh Mohan- RENOWNED ROAD safety expert and Honorary Professor at the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi,
Book- Restless As Mercury: My Life As A Young Man: Mohanda Karamchand Gandhi. Editor: Gopalkrishna Gandhi
2023 Women’s Cricket World Cup will be held in Australia and New Zealand
Parsis lay out Dead bodies in a secluded place known as Dakhmas (the tower of silence) → The dead body will be eaten by vult
the Sun. 2020-Union government corona Guidelines only provide for 1) cremation and 2) burial practices. No mention of the Pa
community complained to the Gujarat High Court - "Government authorities are forcing us to cremate Those who died in Coron
rituals. Violates the constitutional right of freedom of religion. पारसी मृतकों को जलाया या दफनाया नहीं जाता उन्हें मौन की मीनार में रखा जाता है, जहां पर गीध पक्षी
कें द्र सरकार ने कोरोना से मरे लोगों को सिर्फ दाह संस्कार और दफनाने के बारे में दिशा निर्देश दिए हैं पारसियों की इस विधि के बारे में कु छ भी जिक्र नहीं। सूरत के पारसी समाज ने गुजरात हाईकोर्ट में फरि
कोरोना में मरे हुए पारसी मृतकों को दाह संस्कार का दबाव डाल रहा है जो कि उनके धार्मिक स्वतंत्र के खिलाफ है.
Doctrine of impossibility- If order given by an authority is “unrealistic” and incapable of being performed in the timelines, then t
And this is applicable even on the orders that are made by the court. Allahabad high court gave up to the State Government an
ambulances having ICU facility and manpower. Uttar Pradesh high court appealed to the Supreme Court and the Supreme Cour
of impossibility. यदि सत्ताधीश द्वारा ऐसा आदेश दिया जाए जो जिसका अनुपालन करना ही असंभव हो तो कोर्ट/अदालत उसे असंभव सिद्धांत के अनुसार उस आदेश को रद्द/स्थगित कर सकती है
दिया था कि कोरोना महामारी को देखते हुए, 200000 से अधिक एंबुलेंस का इंतजाम किया जाए. उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य सरकार ने इसके खिलाफ सुप्रीम कोर्ट में अपील की कि यह असंभव है और सुप्रीम को
हाईकोर्ट के इस आदेश को स्थगित किया है
Corona Self Diagnostic kit DIPCOVAN. It is developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation's Defence Institute o
Sciences (DIPAS) laboratory. It can give the result in 75 minutes and will cost Rs 75. This will be commercially launched Delhi-b
company. डीआरडीओ द्वारा कोरोनावायरस का घर पे ही स्व-परीक्षण के लिए नई कीट का निर्माण. ₹75 में मिलेगी पर 75 मिनट में नतीजा देगी
PM Modi's new mantra for Corona- “Jahan Bimar Wahin Upchar(Treatment Where The Patient is)” - doorstep treatment using m
services. Because hospitals are already overburdened and there is a shortage of beds. मोदी जी का नया मंत्र - "जहां बीमार वहीं उपचार" यानी कि घर
हॉस्पिटल में तो वैसे भी बिस्तर कम है
2020: Corona self-test kit was first approved in the US, Europe, S. Korea. 2021: CoviSelf- India's first home-based, self-use rapi
MyLab Discovery Solutions company. Approved by INDIAN Council of Medical Research (ICMR). Can be bought without a prescr
online. Test will require the user to download an app on their mobile phone, but will not need a healthcare professional to colle
taken using a nasal swab (not the deep nasopharyngeal swab) to reduce the discomfort. CoviSelf will provide results in 15 minu
testing kit cost Rs 250. Much cheaper than RT-PCR test costs (Rs 400 to Rs 1,500), rapid antigen test in laboratory (Rs 300- 90
Testing. Presently the labs are burdened with so many samples they are unable to give the result in time. 😰Challenges/criticism
reliable. Because inexperienced persons may collect the sample incorrectly. If the low viral load in the body at the time of the s
negative. 2) Rapid antigen tests sometimes give false negatives. 3) If a Covid-infected person is asymptomatic and tests negati
of security, will not wear mask and infect other people. 4) If person gives wrong address in the mobile app then health workers
tracing. घर बैठे स्वयं जान सके कि आपको कोरोना संक्रमण हुआ है कि नहीं -उसके लिए कोविसेल्फ़ नामक कीट-आईसीएमआर ने मंजूरी/अनुमति दी है. परंपरागत टेस्ट से यह ज्यादा सस्ता है. जल्दी
तरीके से सैंपल नहीं लेता तो भले वो कोरोनावायरस लेकिन टेस्ट से पता नहीं चलेगा. यदि वह झूठा नाम पता मोबाइल ऐप में लिखेगा तो स्वास्थ्य कर्मी उसे ढूंढ नहीं पाएंगे- इत्यादि चुनौतियां.
Corona transmission: Indian government advisory 1) Droplets coming from the nose/mouth of Infected person can travel up to
Could travel up to 10 metres. 3) Surface transmission: Touching objects touched by infected person- Less chances of transmiss
droplet/aerosol. 4) people should keep their indoor spaces well- ventilated,by keeping doors and windows open. Otherwise the
Concentrated in in small space and increase the chances of infection. कोरोना संक्रमित मरीज के मुंह और नाक से निकली बूंदे 2 मीटर तक फै लती है जबकि हवा
तक फै लता है. किसी सतह पर छू ने से वायरस फै लने का डर पहले ज्यादा था हालांकि बाद में विविध परीक्षणों से यह कम पाया गया है. घर की बंद हवा में वायरस की मात्रा को बढ़ने से रोकने के लिए खिड़
है The Health Ministry declared Mucormycosis (black fungus infection) as a "notified disease' under Epidemic Diseases Act. Impli
states to report Each and every case to the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP). 2) Other examples of notified d
plague, TB and AIDS. अधिसूचित रोग- यदि कें द्र सरकार किसी बीमारी को "अधिसूचित" घोषित करता है तो फिर राज्य सरकारों के लिए अनिवार्य होगा कि ऐसे हर एक के स का डाटा कें द्र के
Microsoft will stop the Internet Explorer browser from 2022. It'll be replaced by Microsoft's "Edge" browser
(GSM2) Role of civil society: Citizen fact-finding committees. 1) They were set up even before the the Independence example-
volunteers recorded the statement of Champaran Indigo farmers (1917) and their expectations by the European cultivators → s
Governor of Bihar, Sir Edward Gait → he set up a formal enquiry committee with Gandhi as one of its members. 2) After the Jal
(1919): British government setup William Hunter Commission. But Indians were dissatisfied with his report so Congress set up i
committee. 3) After independence, Citizens from their fact-finding committee to expose the fake-encounter killings during the n
emergency (1970s), Mumbai riots after the Babri Masjid demolition (90s). Benefits? 1) citizen groups conducting enquiries and
democratic and legal consciousness. Helps bringing the truth. 2) They are not taking the law into their hands or encouraging vig
effective, rapidly mobilised, and encouraged civic participation. Challenges? 1) Sometimes they are conducted with vested inter
campaign → Joint politics. 2) They do not have the the training like police officers for judges to investigate and analyse the evid
scientific manner 3) They are self-constituted without any backing of government /law/regulations. So it is an extra constitution
They may not contain voices of all the people in the region / affected by the issue. 4) Anti-CAA riots in Delhi (2020): Various fac
by citizen groups. But, the Solicitor-General of India Opposed their reports in the Delhi High Court. Victims should go to compet
to seek justice, and not to such informal "Fact finding committees". नागरिकों द्वारा बिना संविधान या कानून अनुमति के बनाई गई अनौपचारिक तथ्य खोज समितियां
गांधीजी की समिति, जलियांवाला बाग के बाद कांग्रेस की समिति, आजादी के बाद भी नक्सलवाद, फर्जी एनकाउंटर, बाबरी मस्जिद के बाद हुए मुंबई दंगे, इत्यादि पर ऐसी तथ्य खुद समितियां बनी है. फाय
सामने आती है, शांतिपूर्वक वे अपनी समस्याएं सरकार मीडिया व अदालतों के समक्ष पेश कर सकते हैं. जनभागीदारी बढ़ती है. नुकसान/चुनौतियां/विपक्ष में तर्क : तथ्य को समिति सदस्यों को पुलिस और न्या
होती कि कै से तथ्यों/सबूतों को देखा जाए जांच आ जाए. यह जरूरी नहीं कि उस इलाके के सभी लोगों की आवाज/ प्रतिनिधित्व ऐसी समिति में हो. सॉलिसिटर जनरल ने भी दिल्ली हाईकोर्ट में नागरिकता सं
इस प्रकार की समितियों के विरोध में मंतव्य पेश किया है.
Death: Former Rajasthan Chief Minister Jagannath Pahadia, the first Dalit CM of Rajasthan.
Gender stereotypes: Lego Toy company has announced it will produce 11 new toys with individual hairstyle and has no specific
decide who they want the toy to be - male/female/LGBTQ. otherwise, Children are pushed into strictly-gendered categories — g
pink and play with dolls, boys should love race cars and the colour blue. No one’s allowed to cross over from one category to th
subjected to ridicule by people e.g. boy playing with dolls. लिंग संबंधी रूढ़ियां कम करने के लिए तथा समलैंगिकों की समाज में स्वीकृ ति बढ़ाने के लिए लीगो खिलौना कं प
नहीं दिया गया. यह खेलने वाले बच्चे पर निर्भर करेगा कि वह किस प्रकार की कल्पना के साथ उसे खेलना चाहता है.
Cancel Culture: Cecil Rhodes was an 18th century British mining tycoon and politician. He had mining operations in South Africa
after him. he vigorously supported imperialism and colonisation. He provided funds for Rhodes scholarship in Oxford University.
placed in the Oxford University. Now activists are demanding its removal. Oxford University said 1) Removal Of the statue will c
We will prefer to focus our time and energy one more important issues. सेसिल रोड्स नामक एक ब्रिटिश उद्योगपति जो हमेशा ब्रिटिश हुकू मत की साम्राज्यवाद औ
करता था. ऑक्सफोर्ड यूनिवर्सिटी/विश्वविद्यालय में छात्रवृत्ति भी देता था. विश्वविद्यालय में स्थित उसकी मूर्ति को हटाने की मांग कु छ आंदोलनकारी कर रहे थे किं तु विश्वविद्यालय ने बताया मूर्ति को ह
विश्वविद्यालय प्रशासन अपना समय और ऊर्जा इससे ज्यादा महत्वपूर्ण चीजों में इस्तेमाल करना पसंद करेगा.
Income Tax existing website www.incometaxindiaefiling. gov.in to be replaced with new www.incometax.gov.in
Central Board of Direct taxes extends the deadline to file income tax returns (ITR) till September 30, due to a Corona second w
आयकर फॉर्म भरने की तारीख को पीछे धके ला गया है
Thatcherism: British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (1980s) Started selling various Government companies under British Rail
Minister John Major (1990s) privatised the British Railways. 2021: British government now plans to Put the railway network und
Great British Railways organization will own All the railway tracks and infrastructure. It will run a single website for booking of t
table. Private companies can continue to operate the Railways but under the aegis/directives of this Government organisation. 8
रेलवे का निजीकरण किया गया हालांकि अब वापस भी सोच रहे हैं कि एक सरकारी संस्था बनाकर रेलवे की पटरिया/समय तालिका/टिकट बिक्री की प्रक्रिया सरकार के नियंत्रण में रहे. हालांकि सरकारी रेल
जाएगा.
Health Ministry Vaccine policy updates A) Covid-19 vaccination is recommended for all lactating women. There is no danger to n
Vaccination need to be postponed in following cases 1) Postpone by 3 months for those who're Corona positive 2) Postpone by
received plasma therapy 3) Postpone by 3 months For those who taken the first dose and then became coroner positive. Earlier
8 weeks gap. यदि आपको कोरोनावायरस का संक्रमण हुआ था, तो पहले 4 से 8 हफ्ते बाद ही वैक्सीन लेनी थी हालांकि अब स्वास्थ्य मंत्रालय ने इस दूरी को बढ़ाकर 3 महीने कर दिया है. तथा
देना सुरक्षित है.
CoWin platform- Indians are required to get themselves registered on this portal/app For Corona vaccination however many crit
people do not have mobile internet technical knowledge, So they are left out of the vaccination drive. Counter arguments: 1) Th
phone / computer Can directly walk to the vaccination centre and the government staff will Do their "on-site" registration. 2) If
online appointment then randomly many people will gather at the vaccination Centre it will create more chances of infection as
issues /rioting If the large crowd becomes unruly/Impatient. 3) When registration for age 18-44 Was opened up then within 8 h
people registered. Show that shows a positive sign how Indians are adapting to technology. 4) Persons can also use driving lice
getting vaccinated, so lack of 'aadhar card' for Online registration-Invalid argument. 5) CoWin Does not collect personally sensit
individual privacy. So those criticism also invalid. कोरोना की का करण के लिए व्यक्ति ने CoWin नामक सरकारी वेबसाइट/ मोबाइल एप पंजीकरण करवाना होता है. हालांकि
सब सुविधाएं नहीं है इसलिए वह टीकाकरण से वंचित रह जाएंगे इसके विपक्ष में तर्क - यदि ऑनलाइन पंजीकरण की कोई व्यवस्था ही नहीं होगी और अचानक से सारे लोगों की भीड़ अस्पताल के सामने खड़ी
और संक्रमण का भय भी बढ़ेगा. जब नौजवानों के लिए ऑनलाइन पंजीकरण शुरू करवाया गया तो 8 घंटों के भीतर ही 1 करोड़ से अधिक भारतीयों ने पंजीकरण करवाया यानी कि जिनके पास सुविधा है उ
जिनके पास मोबाइल इंटरनेट की सुविधा नहीं वह स्वयं से अस्पताल में जा सकते हैं और वहां सरकारी कर्मी उनका पंजीकरण करवाकर टीका दे देते हैं (यदि टीका उपलब्ध हो तो).
Corporate/marketing/consultancy firm culture in election campaigning: Prashant Kishor runs a political /election campaign consu
worked with BJP, Congress, Aam aadmi, Trinamool Congress etc. Anti-argument against such 'Election campaign companies': 1
party leaders. His Election strategies are similar to USA presidential candidate election Campaigning models i.e. Focus/brand/pr
and not around the party. 2) He also provides consultancy on which MP/MLA Should be given a ticket by the party. 3) This deci
on the data collected by MBA-types/young Professionals of his company-Usually they do not belong to the particular state wher
it is not necessary they always have the best idea about the state politics and priority of the people at grassroot (Unlike the trad
undermines the party system, internal democracy within the party, it strengthens the leader (Modi, Kejriwal, Amrinder, Mamta e
weakening the party. Political parties are platforms for collaboration for a shared ideological agenda. If the same commercial co
campaign strategy to all the political parties [BJP, Congress, Aam aadami, Trinamool] - Then ultimately their ideologies will beco
advice by one single individual (Prashant Kishor)- Not a healthy development for the democracy. Representative Democracy Re
and not Chikni-Chupdi-baatein karne wale Corporate companies Deciding the election strategies for money. those with political
more on this आजकल चुनाव प्रचार का कार्य राजनीतिक पक्ष और उसके जमीन से जुड़े कार्यकर्ताओं की जगह चिकनी चुपड़ी बातें करने वाली कॉरपोरेट की कं सल्टेंसी कं पनियों ने अपने हाथ में ले लि
ऐसी कं पनियों द्वारा बनाए गए चुनाव प्रचार अभियान में राजनीतिक पक्ष की विचारधारा नहीं बल्कि उसके नेता को बढ़ा चढ़ा कर दिखाया जाता है जैसे मोदी, कै प्टन अमरिंदर सिंह, के जरीवाल, ममता बनर्जी।
लेकिन राजनीतिक पक्ष के अंदर आंतरिक लोकतंत्र कमजोर होता है. और क्योंकि एक ही कं पनी सभी राजनीतिक पक्षों की प्रचार अभियान नीति बना रही है तो राजनीतिक पक्षों ने जो स्वयं की विचारधारा है
किशोर) जो ठीक समझे उस हिसाब से एक ही ग्रुप होती जाएगी जो असल में लोकतंत्र के लिए अच्छा संके त नहीं है. खासकर जिन लोगों ने पॉलीटिकल साइंस ऑप्शनल विषय लिया हो इन्होंने इन सब पर
Tamilnadu's State department for Hindu Religious Endowments - Will digitise the records related to properties and assets owne
Tamilnadu. Benefit? 1) Temple administration will become more transfer and ordinary people will be able to know their income,
2) All temple assets and land records would be registered in the name of deities- to prevent individuals from usurping them. तमि
मंदिर तथा उसकी संपत्तियों का पंजीकरण और ऑनलाइन डेटाबेस बनाएगी.ताकि उन पर गैरकानूनी कब्जा, प्रबंधन में धांधली इत्यादि कम हो और पारदर्शिता बढ़े

Vidhan Parishad ( Legislative Council / upper house in State legislature): 1935: Government of India Act provided for bicameral
provinces. 1937: Legislative Council first started functioning in Bengal. 1969: West Bengal Legislative Council Abolished by the S
Bengal Trinamool Congress government approved setting up of a Legislative Council in the state. As per article 169: State vidha
resolution by a majority of the total membership of the Assembly and by a majority of not less than two thirds of the members
voting → Parliament bill will pass law To create the Vidhan Parishad. (Similar process for Abolition of Vidhan Parishad). Situation
Nadu: AIADMK-led government in 1986 abolished the LC, DMK wants to recreate. 2) Assam and Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha passe
However the bills are pending in Parliament. Currently,six states—Bihar,UttarPradesh, Maharashtra, AndhraPradesh,Telangana a
Legislative Council. पश्चिम बंगाल की राज्य सरकार विधान परिषद की स्थापना करना चाहती है उस पर कु छ जानकारी। Vidhan Parishad ( Legislative Council / upper
1935: Government of India Act provided for bicameral legislatures in Indian provinces. 1937: Legislative Council first started fun
West Bengal Legislative Council Abolished by the State government. 2021: West Bengal Trinamool Congress government appro
Council in the state. As per article 169: State vidhansabha will have to pass this resolution by a majority of the total membershi
majority of not less than two thirds of the members of the Assembly present and voting → Parliament bill will pass law To creat
(Similar process for Abolition of Vidhan Parishad). Situation in other states? 1) Tamil Nadu: AIADMK-led government in 1986 ab
recreate. 2) Assam and Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha passed resolution to set up LC- However the bills are pending in Parliament. Cu
Bihar,UttarPradesh, Maharashtra, AndhraPradesh,Telangana and Karnataka — have a Legislative Council. पश्चिम बंगाल की राज्य सरकार वि
कु छ जानकारी।
Delhi CM Kejriwal had said that a Covid Singapore variant could start a third wave in India, this variant is especially dangerous f
to the Union government to halt air services from Singapore. 2) Singapore Government Snapdeal this statement- “politicians sh
is no Singapore variant” 3) Indian External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar said “Delhi CM does not speak for India. His comments
solid partner of Singapore in fight against the foreigner pandemic." के जरीवाल ने कें द्र सरकार को कहा कि सिंगापुर कि कोरोनावायरस वेरिएंट से भारत को खतरा है
भारत सरकार ने सिंगापुर से आने वाले हवाई यात्रा पर प्रतिबंध लगाना चाहिए. इस पर सिंगापुर सरकार ने एतराज जताया है, "सिंगापुर वैरीअंट नाम की कोई चीज नहीं है. बिना तथ्यों के भय फै लाया जा रहा
के जरीवाल के इस बयान को गैर जिम्मेदार ठहराया है. और सिंगापुर को भारत का एक अच्छा साथी/दोस्त बताया है.
Prasar Bharati (national public broadcaster, Statutory body under Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, It consists of Doord
Radio). It has invited applications from consultancy firms to prepare plan to launch "DD International" For international presenc
Broadcasting Corporation, Established by Royal charter) and Al Jazeera (Qatari government-funded international Arabic news),
television/youtube channel). Benefit? It will help in soft diplomacy, countering the anti-India propaganda, give more clarity abou
by government of India for International audience (e.g. Article 370, Farm Reform laws, etc.) प्रसार भारती संस्था अंतर्राष्ट्रीय दूरदर्शन चैनल शुरू करना
चल रहे प्रोपेगेंडा से लड़ा जा सके , तथा रिहाना और ग्रेटा थनबर्ग को किसान कानूनों के बारे में ज्यादा पता चल सके
ONGC barge P305: it was stuck in the Arabian Sea during the cyclone Cyclone Tauktae. Many workers dead and missing.
Racial stereotype /fair-skin bias: Nowadays smartphone cameras automatically erase all skin flaws and brightening skin tone. It
that their fair/white skin persons are better / Beautiful. Google announced in I/O 2021 event- That its future mobile camera pho
skin tones /They will capture the skin tones more accurately and naturally. celebrities Instagram influencers advertisement mak
approach towards non white skin- to reduce the the racial bias लोगों के गोरी चमड़ी के मोह के चलते- मोबाइल कै मरा में भी इस प्रकार की तकनीकी उपलब्ध की जाती
धब्बे और सांवलापन हट जाए हालांकि गूगल कं पनी ने कहा है कि भविष्य में वह अपने स्मार्टफोन कै मरा तकनीक में इस प्रकार की सुधार करेगी जिससे चमड़ी का प्राकृ तिक रंग छवि में अंकित किया जा सके
सेलिब्रिटी, विज्ञापन निर्माता भी इस प्रकार का रवैया अपनाएं तो वंशवाद और गोरी चमड़ी के प्रति मोह को कम किया जा सकता है
Idea of happiness: 1) The Vedas, Upanishads and the Gita -Real Happiness is an eternal bliss when the soul is freed from mund
Vivekananda and Gandhiji: Happiness is freedom from misery and exercising goodness. do-good and be-good philosophy 3) De
mental state; 4) Aristotle: happiness is not a condition of the soul but a virtuous act. Purpose of life is attaining happiness throu
Happiness,he used the term eudaimonia — activity expressing virtue. So, the citizen or the ruler is happy if s/he is a good perso
included in the US Declaration of Independence. 6) Jeremy Bentham: utilitarian approach of the greatest happiness for the grea
policies can bring happiness if their benefits reach the last person.7 ) Covid has compelled us to be physically distant. But, it ha
time with ourselves. We need to nurture life physically, emotionally, mentally and spiritually. खुशी क्या है? वेद उपनिषद गीता में जब आत्मा सामान्य
खुशीहै। स्वामी विवेकानंद, गांधीजी, एरिस्टोटल, इत्यादि के हिसाब से दूसरों की भलाई ही सच्ची खुशी दे सकती है
Corruption: CENTRAL Bureau of Investigation has booked CEO of Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (IFFCO) Ltd, & his two s
importing fertilizer raw material at inflated prices. Point to consider? CEO gets a very big salary. Yet, engaging in such activity -
but the greed for more money and more lavish lifestyle and weakness of character- that encourages a person to engage in corr
arrested- Instead of teaching honesty and ethics, when father himself is taking help of sons, in corruption- Difficult to expect et
society. इफको उर्वरक कं पनी के सीईओ को विदेशों से उर्वरक आयात ने भ्रष्टाचार के मामले में सीबीआई ने किया गिरफ्तार. कं पनी के सीईओ को अच्छी खासी तनख्वाह मिलती है फिर भी भ्रष्टाचार में
बल्कि ज्यादा पैसों की लालच व्यक्ति को भ्रष्टाचार के लिए प्रेरित करती है.सीईओ के दो बेटों को भी इसी मामले में गिरफ्तार किया गया है यानी कि उनका पिता बच्चों को अच्छी सीख देने की जगह उनसे भी
खुद ही बच्चों को अच्छी सीख नहीं देंगे तो क्या ही नैतिक आचरण की उम्मीद रखी जा सकती है?
Leadership / Bragging /Pride comes before a fall: LEBANON’S foreign minister Charbel Wehbe bragged in a TV interview that LE
/Support to the ISIS Terrorist organisation. Saudi Arabia, UAE and Kuwait Expressed great displeasure and demanded an explan
Government. Finally the foreign minister was forced to resign. Lessons? 1) Foreign minister must be very careful in his choices
So please tell Pakistani PM Imran Khan's foreign minister to be careful in his choice of words. लेबनान के विदेश मंत्री ने एक टेलीविजन साक्षात्कार/
आईएसआईएस को हमारी लेबनान सरकार ने मदद की थी!", अन्य पड़ोसी देशों ने इस पर सफाई मांगी- तो विदेश मंत्री ने इस्तीफा देना पड़ा. यानी कि एक विदेश मंत्री ने अपनी भाषा पर संयम रखना चाहि
आता है और उसके बाद उसका पतन आता है.
ICT for curbing Tax evasion: 1) Under the GST Regime whenever non-gold goods above ₹50000 A Transporter beyond "X" kms
generate an E-way bill. 2) FASTag and RFID- Digital /online system associated with payment of toll-fees on highways. GST auth
1+2 - They will be able Monitor the movement of commercial vehicles more accurately andm this will help in detect cases of tax
Shona candidates will Start doing Google search: "HOW exactly It will help in detecting tax evasion?" Ans. Bhai, When you get s
teach you everything in the training academy ke how to Do such forensic analysis/data mining. But looking at your habit of doin
non-exam oriented things, I highly doubt that you will Reach up to the training academy! जीएसटी प्रणाली में यदि 50,000 से ज्यादा कीमत का स्व
जगह पर भेजा जा रहा है तो उसका ई वे बिल बनाना पड़ता है.अलग से राजमार्ग/ हाईवे पर टोल/चुंगी डिजिटल ऑनलाइन तरीके से भरने के लिए फास्टैग प्रणाली भी विकसित की गई है. जीएसटी अक्सर
निगरानी भविष्य में रखने वाले
Chinese government prohibits the banks and nbfcs from providing services related to any type of cryptocurrency- Buying selling
“virtual currencies are not supported by any real value”. Afterwards bitcoin, ethereum Prices crashed by up to 30% [Previously
also issued similar directive however it was cancelled by the Supreme Court.] चीनी सरकार ने देश की सभी वित्तीय संस्था को आदेश दिया है कि क्रिप्टो मुद्रा
बाद विश्व बाजार में बिटकॉइन इत्यादि क्रिप्टो मुद्राओं का दाम पहले से करीब करीब 30% गिर गया है. क्या गंजेड़ी को यह बात गुप्तचरो द्वारा पहले से ही पता थी इसलिए वह अपनी बात से कु छ दिन पहले
पर्यावरण की नहीं, चीन सरकार के निर्णय की चिंता थी?
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ BRITISH OIL company Cairn Energy Plc is suing Air India in New York to seize its assets to enforce an $1.2-billion a
against the Indian government in a tax Harassment/terrorism case in Netherlands.
Brain Drain in healthcare sector: 1] For several decades, India has been a major exporter of healthcare workers to developed n
Cooperation Council countries, Europe and other English-speaking countries. 2] on the other hand within India there is a grim s
for example, India has 1.7 nurses per 1,000 population [WHO suggests 3 nurses]. Doctor to patient ratio of 1:1404 [WHO sugg
Human Development Report: India has five hospital beds per 10,000 people — one of the lowest in the world. Way forward? 1)
education cheaper 2) decent salaries so as to prevent talented persons from leaving India 3) safe work conditions 4] “brain-sha
sending and receiving countries i.e. destination countries (Example UK) would be obliged to supply healthcare workers to their
times of need. भारत में वैसे भी डॉक्टर और नर्सों की कमी है-जो विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन की आंखों से प्रतीत होता है. और बहुत सारे भारतीय डॉक्टर नर्स विदेश गमन कर जाते हैं. इस परिस्थिति
जाए, अच्छी तनख्वाह मिले, सुरक्षित तरीके से अस्पताल में काम करने की परिस्थिति का निर्माण हो. आपदा के समय विदेश से उन्हें वापस वतन बुलाया जा सके , इस प्रकार के समझौते विदेशी सरकारों के
Ministerial berth: 1) Kerala Chief Minister Vijayan / CPI(M) policy: If a party leader has been MLA for 2 consecutive terms then h
fight 2021's Vidhan Sabha Election. 2) No second term to any Minister. (Except CM himself!) Consequently Health Minister K K S
berth after 2021's Vidhan Sabha Election. So lot of controversy that she had done good work during Corona why not make her
The controversy itself is not important the important part for governance/ethics/Democratic politics -If same person is made Mi
⏫chances of Corruption and nepotism stagnation of Idea, While the other leaders in the party will feel demotivation, They will s
defection etc. Considering these angles -All the political parties should impose term limits on MLA/MP and term limit on minister
यह नीति बनाई है कि किसी भी विधायक को सतत रूप से तीसरी बार टिकट नहीं दिया जाएगा, तथा यदि कोई विधायक पिछली सरकार में मिनिस्टर/मंत्री था तो उसको वापस मंत्री नहीं बनाया जाएगा. विवा
पिछली सरकार में स्वास्थ्य मंत्री शैलजा को वापस विधानसभा चुनाव जीतने के बाद स्वास्थ्य मंत्री नहीं बनाया गया हालांकि कोरोनावायरस में उन्होंने अच्छा काम किया था ऐसा उनके समर्थकों का कहना है.
नहीं समझना यह है कि यदि राजनीतिक पक्ष में इस प्रकार से विधायक और मंत्रियों के कार्यकाल अवधि /सीमा तय की जाए तो उसे नए लोगों को भी राजनीति में आगे बढ़ने का मौका मिलता है, एक ही आ
भ्रष्टाचार, भाई भतीजावाद, प्रशासन में नवाचार में कमी -इत्यादि समस्याएं देखने मिलती है.
Freedom of speech in Qatar: A Kenyan security guard Malcolm Bidali posted Message in social media about the plight of migran
wages, Have to live in very cramped /small spaces, Long working hours etc. Qatar Government arrested him. Lesson? Why we
Indian /75 years of independence - Ans. If (wrongly) arrested for anti government post, you can get bail from court. कतर देश में नौक
मीडिया में लिखा कि कै से प्रवासी मजदूरों का शोषण हो रहा है, बहुत कम तनख्वाह मिलती है-बहुत ज्यादा काम करवाया जाता है, बहुत छोटे-छोटे संकरी जगहों में असुविधा के साथ रहना पड़ता है, इत्यादि
लिया और अब उसका कोई अता-पता नहीं है. भारत के आजादी के 75 साल के निबंध में यह सब सोचने के विषय की कै से भारत में अभिव्यक्ति वाणी स्वतंत्र दिया गया है.
India-Israel-Palestine: 1950: India recognised Israel as a separate country but started full diplomatic relations only in 1992, Afte
USSR/Soviet Union, and massive shifts in the geopolitics of West Asia after the first Gulf War in 1990. 1975: India became the f
recognise the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO) as the sole representative of the Palestinian people, and gave it a diplom
India Supported UN General Assembly resolution That criticized Israel's construction of a separation wall. 2011: India voted for
member of UNESCO. 2012: India voted for allowing Palestine to become a “nonmember” observer state at the UN General asse
Presently India-Israel relationship Improving in defence science technology and Agriculture. 2021: International Criminal Court
human right violation / war crimes in Palestine. Israel wanted India to openly criticize this. But India didn't do it. India has been
relations with both Israel and Palestine. हालांकि 1950 में ही भारत ने इजरायल को एक देश के रूप में स्वीकार किया था किं तु इजराइल के साथ कू टनीतिक रिश्तो की शुरुआत 1
होने के बाद भारत ने मध्य पूर्व के प्रति अपनी नीतियों को बदलना पड़ा. उसके बाद भारत ने फिलिस्तीन को संयुक्त राष्ट्र का गैर-सदस्य पर्यवेक्षक बनाने में मदद की. वर्तमान में भारत ने इजरायल के साथ रक्षा
बनाया है. हालांकि 2021 में अंतरराष्ट्रीय क्रिमिनल कोर्ट में इजराइल के खिलाफ फिलिस्तीन में मानव अधिकार हनन का मुकदमा चल रहा है इजराइल चाहता था कि भारत उसके समर्थन में कोई सार्वजनिक
फिलिस्तीन नाराज ना हो जाए. कु ल मिलाकर इजरायल और फिलिस्तीन दोनों के साथ दोस्ती बनाए रखने की चुनौती का सामना भारत बार-बार कर रहा है.
SriLanka: Colombo Port City Economic Commission Bill: China will develop this region. local laws will not apply to it etc. So, opp
groups and labour unions were criticizing it. Finally the Sri Lanka Supreme Court said this bill has some provisions which are aga
चीन गोटाबाया राजापक्शा ने शी जिनपिंग की भक्ति में लीन होकर "कोलंबो बंदरगाह आर्थिक आयोग विधेयक" पेश किया. जिसके अंतर्गत चीन इस इलाके में भरपूर निवेश और बुनियादी अवसंरचना निर्माण क
कानून लागू नहीं होंगे. श्रीलंका की सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा है कि यह सब संविधान के खिलाफ है.

Sports ethics: 2018- "SANDPAPER GATE"- Name of the scandal where Australian bowlers were caught tampering with the ball.
the news because 4 bowers Defended themselves through a public statement "we did nothing wrong and there was no evidenc
cricketer Fanie de Villiers commented: 1) entire team and the coaching staff would have known about the ball tempering plan. 2
everybody knows in a system, because you don’t hide these things in team firstly, and secondly, it’s impossible for a bowler not
the difference Between normal ball and a tempered ball. Points to consider? A) To win a cricket match, all ethical and unethical
colleagues turn blind eye to it - after all, match victory assures them the price as well as the advertisement contacts. as long a
keep mum against the wrong doing for their personal benefits, we cannot expect ethical behaviour in the organisation. B) When
bureaucrats are arrested/accused for corruption cases, their colleagues and seniors distance themselves ki "We did not know an
wrongdoing!"- are they saying truth every time? ऑस्ट् रेलिया के गेंदबाज बोल/गेंद के साथ छेड़खानी करते हुए पकड़े गए थे हालांकि अब उन्होंने सार्वजनिक बयान जारी
नहीं पाया गया इत्यादि -जिस पर दक्षिण अफ्रीका के क्रिके टर का कहना है कि ऐसे मामलों में कोच कप्तान पूरी क्रिके ट टीम सबको मालूम होता है कि क्या कांड हो रहा है. लेकिन क्रिके ट मैच जीतने पर इनाम
कमाने को मिलता है इसलिए टीम से जुड़े हुए सभी लोग चुपचाप यह अनैतिक काम होने देते हैं- क्योंकि नैतिक या अनैतिक तरीके से मिली जीत के चलते उन सभी को लाभ होता है- जब तक किसी संस्था
नैतिकता का स्थापन मुश्किल. गौर करने वाली बात है कि जब भारत में कोई नेता या अफसर भ्रष्टाचार के के स में पकड़े जाते हैं और उनके साथी सहयोगी और उच्च अधिकारी/राजनीतिक पक्ष के बड़े नेता कि
कि हमारी जूनियर ऐसे कांड कर रहे थे?" -तो क्या वह हर बार सच बोल रहे हैं?
Electronic Gold Receipts (EGRs): stage1: Gold companies deposit their gold in the the vaults authorized by Warehousing Develo
Authority (WDRA) → Electronic Gold Receipts (EGRs) generated and listed on the SEBI regulated electronic gold exchanges. → B
electronically and be assured of the quality. Later he may even sell this EGR to another investor. Such receipt will be in the mul
kilogram. Benefits 1) Assured quality. 2) Tax evasion is difficult Due to online transactions monitored by SEBI. 3) India is the se
gold after China. Such EGRs and associated gold index can help India to send price signals for global imports. [Similar to how B
Considering this benefits: 💼Budget-2021 proposed 1) Sebi will be the regulator for gold exchange and the WDRA will regulated
स्वर्ण कं पनियां डब्लू डी आर ए नाम की वैधानिक संस्था द्वारा पंजीकृ त गोदामों में सोने की ईट/बिस्किट जमा करेंगे, जिसके एवज में इलेक्ट्रॉनिक स्वर्ण प्राप्तियां सेबी द्वारा पंजीकृ त इलेक्ट्रॉनिक गोल्ड एक्सचेंज
गुणवत्ता के बारे में सुनिश्चित होगी। भारत जो दुनिया में चीन के बाद दूसरा सबसे बड़ा स्वर्ण उपभोक्ता है, वह इस प्रकार के गोल्ड एक्सचेंज की कीमतों द्वारा सूचकांक बनाकर भारत विश्व बाजार में स्वर्ण की
तरह से यूरोप का ब्रेंट इंडेक्स कच्चे तेल की कीमतों की सिग्नल/संके त देता है.
WHOLESALE PRICE index (Prepared by OFFICE OF THE ECONOMIC ADVISER under DEPARTMENT FOR PROMOTION OF INDUS
(DIPP) under Commerce ministry). WPI hits 11-year high level of 10.49% in April-2021 (Compared to April-2020). Reasons 1) S
by Corona 2) Rising food commodity and oil prices. वाणिज्य मंत्रालय के नीचे के विभाग के आर्थिक सलाहकार द्वारा थोक मूल्य सूचकांक जारी किया जाता है. अप्रैल महीने में
पाया गया क्योंकि कोरोना के चलते आपूर्ति श्रृंखला प्रबंधन में समस्याएं आई है तथा खाद्य सामग्री, वस्तुएं तथा कच्चा तेल भी मांगा हुआ है
When WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX (WPI)⏫ → cost of raw material ⏫ → cost of road projects also ⏫increases. So, National High
India( Statutory body under Ministry of highways) Provides for linking Road contractors' payments WPI under 1) Engineering, p
(EPC) projects and 2) Hybrid Annuity Model. जब थोक मूल्य सूचकांक में बढ़ोतरी होती है तो वह चिन्हित करता है कि कच्चे माल की लागत में भी बढ़ोतरी हुई है तो राजमार्ग बनाने
संस्था सड़क ठेके दारों को अतिरिक्त रकम देती है
FOREIGN direct investment - More than 10% equity investment by a foreign entity into an Indian company. NET FDI - FDI com
investing in Flipkart) minus FDI going out of India (Example Ratan Tata investing Jaguar car company in England). Highest NET
$43 billion. Reasons 1) Corona → IT, pharma, telecom and digital economy sectors attracted a lot of FDI 2) 35 billion dollars wo
Google etc. in Reliance Group of Industries. 3) Production-linked incentive scheme Encouraging multinational companies to tie u
companies for manufacturing mobile, pharma etc in India. 4) 90% of this FDI went to Four states — Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karn
most of the notable Indian companies would have HQ in these regions). किसी भारतीय कं पनी में विदेशियों द्वारा 10% से ज्यादा शेयर निवेश को प्रत्यक्ष विदेशी
सालों का सबसे ज्यादा एफडीआई पाया गया.
Monopoly/Anti competitive practices: Epic Games company (Developer of a pubg like game known as fortnite) has sued Apple f
allow apps Data not downloaded from the Apple app store. So app developer has to compulsorily get his app listed on Apple Sto
charges 30% Commission on the app developers on App sales. आईफोन में एप्पल कं पनी के ऐप स्टोर के बाहर से कोई भी ऐप इंस्टॉल नहीं कर सकते ऐसा एकाधिकार
है, तथा ऐप बनाने वालों पर एप्पल कं पनी 30% कमीशन भी लेती है जिसके बारे में अमेरिका में मुकदमा चल रहा है.
Work life balance: World Health Organisation published a report- Long working hours are killing 745,000 people a year. 2) WHO
hours or more per week - a serious health hazard, Vulnerability to Heart Attack and other medical problems⏫. 3) people living
— were the most affected. 4) This problem is likely to increase in Corona work from home. Because 1) employees continue to d
entire day and night. 2) Employees cannot resist /say no to boss for Excessive workload, because employees fear job loss durin
जिंदगी के बीच संतुलन: विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन ने पाया कि यदि हफ्ते में 55 घंटे से ज्यादा काम किया जाए तो दिल का दौरा तथा अन्य बीमारियों के चलते सात लाख से ज्यादा लोग हर साल मर रहे हैं औ
home के चलते के ऐसे मृतकों की संख्या और भी बढ़ सकती है क्योंकि नौकरी गंवाने के डर से वह अपने बस द्वारा दिए गए अतिरिक्त काम को भी मना नहीं कर सकते.
China's "Wolf warrior diplomacy” - It is the label given to aggressive and confrontational style of diplomacy adopted by Chinese
regime. Features? 1) They confront any criticism of China in the public sphere. 2) They lecture/threaten host governments e.g.
Bangladesh that if Bangladesh joins quad it will be detrimental to the relationship 3) Chinese Diplomats don't always show up w
nation. While QUAD group has No short term goal of expanding the the membership, QUAD Has not even offered any formal in
membership yet Chinese diplomat are using search aggressive language because - Bangladeshi economy is improving. India an
with Bangladesh Economically and diplomatically. Bangladesh has joined China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). But, India did no
India-Myanmar (BCIM) Economic Corridor is no longer shown in Official Documents of BRI. In 2021, even Australia has cancelle
making China insecure. शी जिनपिंग के कार्यकाल में चीनी राजनयिकों की भेड़िया योद्धा कू टनीति: वे चीनी सरकार के खिलाफ यजमान देश की कोई भी निंदा बर्दाश्त नहीं करते और बहुत ही
कि अभी बांग्लादेश को क्वाड समूह में न जुड़ने की धमकी दी गई/खरी-खोटी सुनाई गई. हालांकि बांग्लादेश को ऐसी सदस्यता का कोई नहीं होता आधिकारिक रूप से अब तक नहीं मिला है किं तु अमेरिका औ
कू टनीतिक रिश्ते में बढ़ रही गहराई को देखते हुए शायद चीन बौखला गया है.
Farzad-B gas field: Iran cancelled ONGC Videsh Ltd deal. Now this gas field will be developed by a local Iranian company. Last y
from the Chabahar rail project, cites funding delay. ईरान ने फिर से भारत की दोस्ती का अपमान किया- पहले हमें रेलवे प्रोजेक्ट से हटा दिया और अब फरजाद गैस प्रोजेक्ट
स्त्रोत का पता ओएनजीसी ने ही लगाया था। लगता है ईरान का भाड़ा डबल करना पड़ेगा, यानी कि ईरान के परमाणु परीक्षणों के खिलाफ अमेरिकी प्रतिबंधों को समर्थन देना होगा, तो सारे ठेके भारत को दे
ह्रदय परिवर्तन होने से रहा.
Plasma is the clear liquid portion of the blood that remains after red and white blood cells, platelets, etc are taken from it. Conv
from the blood of patients recovering from an infection. Such plasma contains antibodies against the infection. ICMR study foun
ineffective in Preventing Corona deaths. So, Plasma therapy has been removed from the corona treatment guidelines. खून में से जब
दिया जाए उसके बाद जो साफ पारदर्शी तरल द्रव्य बचता है उसे प्लाज्मा कहते हैं. यदि किसी बीमारी से ठीक हुए मरीज से ऐसा प्लाज्मा निकाला जाए तो उसमें बीमारी के खिलाफ एंटीबॉडीज भी होती है उसे
महामारी के मरीजों को यह दिया जाता था किं तु आईसीएमआर संस्था ने अपने जांच/सर्वेक्षण से पाया कि इस इलाज से मरने वालों की संख्या में कोई कमी नहीं आती है इसलिए अब प्लाजमा-थेरापी को भारत
चलिए इस बहाने मरीजों के लिए प्लाज्मा का इंतजाम करने में सोनू सूद का भी थोड़ा कार्यबोझ कम हो जाएगा।
USA authorities have exempted vaccinated people from wearing masks. But with caveats such as 1) teachers and students Shou
in crowded areas, airplanes, at hospitals. India should not copy American model. Because if vaccinated people are exempted fro
will become vulnerable 2) Even non-vaccinated people will feel that others are going out without masks -coronavirus is under co
vaccinated I can engage in careless behaviour. हालांकि अमरीकी सरकार ने जिनका टीकाकरण हो चुका है उन व्यक्तियों को मास्क न पहनने की छू ट दी है. लेकिन वहां पर भी कु
शिक्षकों ने अनिवार्य रूप से मास्क पहनना होगा तथा भीड़भाड़ वाले इलाके , हवाई जहाजों में अस्पतालों में भी मांस पहनना अनिवार्य है भले आपने टीकाकरण करवाया है या नहीं करवाया. हालांकि भारत में
टीकाकरण किए व्यक्ति बिना मास्कके घूम सके , वरना उनको देखकर शायद बाकी सब लोग भी यह गलतफहमी में आ जाएंगे कि कोरोनावायरस समस्या खत्म हो गई है, और हमने भी मास्क पहनने की कोई
नहीं. बस हम अब डबल जोर से हवा में उड़ेंगे, और सोशल डिस्टेंसिंग की धज्जियां उड़ा देंगे.
Indian SARS-COV-2 Genomics Consortia (INSACOG) is a grouping of 10 National Laboratories established by Ministry of Health.
Corona genome sequencing work. Head of this body Virologist Shahid Jameel Has resigned. He was also critical of Supreme Cou
force to manage oxygen supplies. Because he believed that doctors only know about medicine, but they do not know about the
management and logistics.
China's Mars Mission: China became only the second nation after the US to have done a successful Mars landing. Tianwen-1 orb
powered Rover landed on Mars successfully. Its mission objectives: Collect Rock samples and find presence of water/ice. Landin
named Utopia Planitia. Utopia region is an impact crater caused by The largest meteor strike in the Solar System. Within that, U
contain vast amounts of subsurface water ice. Previously American Viking rover also landed here in the late 70s.
Application Programming Interface (API) provides web/app developers access to proprietary software application. e.g. Zomato A
API - It shows when the delivery boy will arrive at your house. NATIONAL Health Authority (NHA) has allowed API access to Co
however, To prevent misuse, NHA made following reforms: 1) limiting number of data requests from individual IP address. Othe
500000 requests, then portal may malfunction. For other users 2) geo-fencing - Not allowing for an IP addresses to access the
Distributed Denial Of Service (DDOS) attacks.
Death: SUNIL JAIN, Financial Express newspaper's Managing Editor.
Death: Rajeev Satav, Rajya Sabha MP, Congress leader from Maharashtra.
Indian government stand on present Gaza-Patti Vioence: 1) Need Immediate de-escalation in Israel-Gaza tensions: 2) India sup
cause 3) India supports two-state solution i.e. Israel -Separate country and Palestine -separate country.

Chemist shops not accepting unused corona medicines: Usually, If a customer has purchased Capsules tablets but not used the
return it back. Chemist shop will pay him some price. But, Ahmedabad chemist shops are not accepting Corona related unused
"These are infected by the Corona patient". Is the food and drug commissioner how will you address? Points to consider: 1) Ch
medicines back for technical reasons such as expiry date missing from tablet/capsule strip etc. But here the reason given by the
scientific 2) Presently there is a shortage of Corona medicine so they should accept it back. It could be useful to other patients,
also earn income, It will prevent wastage of unused medicine. 3) So, food and drug commissioner should accordingly issue the

Cyclones over India: Tropical cyclones require warm water and humid air for development .Usually more cyclones develop over
Arabian Sea because, Bay of Bengal is warmer than the Arabian Sea. However nowadays even in the Arabian Sea cyclones are
warming. Indian Cyclones usually develop during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon (October to December) periods. Cyclones
or Maharashtra coast 1) Cyclone Mekanu, 2018 2) Cyclone Vayu in 2019 3) Cyclone Nisarga, Maharashtra, 2020 4) Cyclone Tau
Bamuni Hill in Assam: 18 elephants died by lightning. Reason: 1) SIDE FLASH: When lightning strikes a tall object such as a tre
that can strike an animal standing underneath the tree / near another animal. “That's why people should stay at least 2 m away
vulnerable to be struck by lightning, If there are no other taller objects in the vicinity.
Secularism and police punishment: Madhya Pradesh Sub-inspector caught some people who are violating Corona lockdown norm
loitering in the public area. He told them to sit down for 30 to 45 minutes and write the name of Lord Ram Continuously. Super
District, MP) commented that Sub Inspector acted in the personal capacity. This type of punishment (Making the person write t
professional nor legal.
Quote: "The greatest patriotism is to tell your country when it is behaving dishonourably, foolishly, viciously." — JULIAN BARNE
Corruption and drug regulator: CBI arrested two officers of Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) for demandin
license to an orthopaedic implants manufacturer. Further upon raiding the homes of these CDSCO officers, 14 lakh rupees cash
of coronavirus, oxygen and medicine shortage - When the drug regulator themselves are engaging in corruption, it is difficult to
Chemist shops and others Not to engage in profiteering and black marketing. Because after paying bribes to get their medicine
will also want to recover the "bribe investment", By raising the prices. Ultimate victim is common man.
India's Rice and wheat Exports touched new heights (20MT) because 1) In the international market the price of Agricultural com
increasing. UN Food and Agricultural Organization’s global cereal price index is currently ruling at its highest since 2014. 2) Yet,
cheaper than other countries (Due to Massive production), so foreigners prefer to purchase it. 3) Possibility that grains leaked f
(PDS) by large scale corruption/nexus between PDS shopkeeper and exporters
BizGK-4-NonIAS: Credit Suisse is the Second largest bank of Switzerland, It is in controversy because of a financial scam worth
Swiss Parliamentary committee is Investigating it.
Plasma therapy for Corona treatment: Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)'s National Task Force for Covid-19 thinking to
corona treatment guidelines, citing ts ineffectiveness and inappropriate use in several cases. आईसीएमआर कि कोरोनावायरस टास्क फोर्स ने पाया कि
भी फायदा नहीं होता है. इसलिए कोरोना इलाज निर्देशिका से प्लाज्मा थेरेपी को हटाया जाएगा।
Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI, Statutory body Aadhar Act 2016, under the electronics ministry) said no one sh
medicine, hospitalisation treatment because they do not have an Aadhaar number. Aadhaar should not be misused as an excus
service. यदि कोई व्यक्ति आधार कार्ड न दिखा सके तो उसे कोरोना के दौरान टीकाकरण अस्पताल में भर्ती होना इत्यादि अनिवार्य/ आवश्यक सेवाओं से वंचित नहीं रखा जा सकता ऐसा आधार कार्ड का
वैधानिक संस्था ने कहा है
NEERA Tanden: INDIAN-AMERICAN appointed as senior adviser to US President Joe Biden.
India-Bhutan: Historically, India has acted as the big brother of Bhutan-And helped them in disaster management infrastructure
Wave 2.0: Tables have turned this time, Bhutan to supply 40 metric tonnes of oxygen every day to India. This is equivalent to 1
ऐतिहासिक रूप से तो हमेशा भारत ने ही भूटान का बड़ा भाई बंद कर आपदा प्रबंधन में भूटान की मदद की थी लेकिन आज ऐसा दिन आया है कि भूटान हर महीने भारत को 10000 सिलेंडर जितना ऑ
छोटा नहीं समझना
Mount Everest:चाहिएChina
और उससेcanceled
भी बड़ी बातthe
कि खुद ऐसी मुसीबत
permit में नहीं फंMount
to climb सना चाहिएEverest
कि अपने सेfrom
छोटों/its
गरीबside.
देशों कीReason?
मदद लेनी पड़े.
Possible mingling of Mountaineers clim
mingle with Nepali side and bringing Corona. चीन ने एवरेस्ट पर्वत पर चढ़ाई की मनाई कर दी है क्योंकि उसे डर लगता है कि वहां नेपाल की तरफ से आने वाले पर्वतारोहियों से
सकता है. अब गौर करने वाली बात यह है कि चीन ने खुद तो कोरोना को जन्म दिया है, तो अब क्या होशियारी मार रहे हैं कि "नेपाल से कोरोनावायरस चीन मैं नहीं आना चाहिए! इसलिए पर्वतारोहण पर
ऐसी बात हो गई.
Gaurela- Pendra-Marwahi: latest district of Chhattisgarh (carved in 2020).In news because of rising number of cases.
State Denialism of Corona / Transparency in Death Reporting: Gujarat local newspapers allege that March-to-May 2020: 58,000
March-to-May 2021-1.23 lakh death certificates issued. However, State government is claiming that only 4,218 Covid related de
number of Corona deaths are being under reported. Separately, PM urges states: report death numbers ‘transparently'. in other
five-stage "DANDA" behavioural pattern move from State#1 "Denial" to State#5: Acceptance. गुजरात राज्य में पिछले साल मार्च महीने मई के महीने
जबकि इस साल उसी समय काल के दौरान एक लाख से ज्यादा मृत्यु प्रमाण पत्र जारी किए गए यानी कि बहुत सारे लोग कोरोनावायरस होंगे लेकिन राज्य सरकार के वल 4,218 लोग कोरोना से मरे हैं, ऐसा
स्थानीय कांग्रेस वगैरह में हंगामा। इसके अलावा एक अलग समाचार में प्रधानमंत्री ने यह सब राज्यों को कहा है कि आप कोरोना से जुड़े संक्रमण, मृत्यु के आंकड़े पारदर्शी रूप से जाहिर कीजिए.
Bayer company's Herbicide brand name "Roundup" (chemical: "glyphosate"). It causes lymphoma and other type of cancers. Al
American Court imposed heavy penalty on the company. घास पूस हटाने वाली इस राउंड अप/ ग्लाइफॉसेट नाम के रसायन से कैं सर हो सकता है इसलिए अमेरिकी कोर्ट
रसायन पहले से ही प्रतिबंधित है
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋SEBI norms on Promoters versus persons in control. Not important for IAS exam don't waste time. इंडियन एक्सप्रेस के हर एक
आप काम की नहीं होती भाई आगे बढ़ो
Alphonso mangoes: Geographical indication tag with Konkan region, Maharashtra.
Reactogenicity: is the physical response to vaccination, and typically includes pain, soreness, redness or swelling at the site of t
headache. If two different type of Covid 19 vaccines are taken by patient e.g. Astrazeneca and Pfizer then it increases the chan
However mixing two different type of vaccines do not cause any other type of safety issues, except Reactogenicity. दो अलग अलग कं
जो ए दर्द बुखार या सर दर्द हो सकता है हालाँकि इसके अलावा और कोई गंभीर समस्या नहीं होती ऐसा रिसर्च में पाया गया
Covax: this global initiative was started by world health organisation, GAVI (originally Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisa
Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI). Objective: 1) Covax does collective buying of available vaccines for all countries tha
helps in development and production of vaccines. Methodology this organisation engages with the national or Central or union g
does not engage directly with state government or municipal bodies however Punjab state government has announced that it w
from this organisation. Although experts opine that the chances are very less that Covax organisation will directly engage a the
वैश्विक पहल है जिसके अंतर्गत अलग अलग देशों को कोरोना के लिए वैक्सीन मुहैया करने के प्रयत्न होते हैं हालाँकि यह संगठन के वल कें द्र सरकार के साथ भी काम करता है यह संगठन राज्य सरकारों के
जुड़ता है लेकिन फिर भी पंजाब राज्य सरकार ने ये तय किया है कि हम कोशिश करेंगे इस संगठन की मदद से वैश्विक स्तर से कोरोना वैक्सीन हासिल कर पाए
Sputnik V: COVID-19 vaccine: developed by: the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Russia. to be
~995 a dose (inclusive of 5% GST) for the imported version. Local Partner: Dr Reddy’s Laboratories (DRL). Russian exporter: R
Fund (RDIF). efficacy- 97.6% (As per RDIF) OR 92% (as per Lancelet Journal) . Sputnik V uses two different antigens in two do
two doses: 21 days apart. Type: two-dose vaccine. However in the later period there will also be a single dose vaccine named S
जल्द ही भारतीयों के लिए उपलब्ध होगी.
Chinese space projects: 1) Tianwen-1 (meaning,“Questions to Heaven”) : Mars. To land in 2021-May at a site named Utopia Pla
China became the first country to land a probe on the far side of the moon i.e. Moon’s part that perpetually faces away from Ea
rocks and soil near a volcanic feature called Mons Rümker on Moon, and brought them back to Earth. 3) The International Spac
by the US, Russia et al. will stop functioning in 2024. However, Chinese space station will be ready by the end of 2022. चीन का नया
वाला है
Cooperative federalism: Security of the MLAs- Responsibility of the state government/state police force. But the union governm
police forces / CRPF / CISF For the security of the 77 BJP MLA in West Bengal because of incidents of political violence. Counter
the spirit of cooperative federalism 2) What if state police doesnot corporate with central police forces in such scenario in Intelli
accommodation etc. 3) CRPF / CISF are not meant for the VIP security. They are trained to operate as a section (minimum seve
(three sections) or a company (three platoons). Assigning 2-3 jawans to an MLA- It will require Re-orientation in the training, B
to think as individuals. राज्य की विधानसभा के विधायकों की सुरक्षा की जिम्मेदारी राज्य पुलिस की है किं तु पश्चिम बंगाल में राजनैतिक हिंसा को देखते हुए, कें द्र की मोदी सरकार ने अपने बी
पुलिस बल पश्चिम बंगाल भेजा है हालांकि कु छ विशेषज्ञ इसका विरोध कर रहे हैं- यह चीज सहकारी संघवाद के खिलाफ है विधायक की सुरक्षा राज्य पुलिस ने करनी है. कें द्रीय सशस्त्र पुलिस बल की ताली
सेक्शन में, प्लाटू न में, कं पनी में एक समूह के रूप में कै से काम करें वह सिखाया जाता है. यदि ऐसे 1-2 जवानों को एक-एक विधायक के सुरक्षा में लगाया जाए तो उन्हें उस प्रकार की तालीम मिली नहीं है
RajyaSabha leader of opposition Mallikarjun Kharge wrote to Rajya Sabha Chairman M Venkaiah Naidu urging him to allow virtu
standing committees. But his request has been denied because rules committee has to 1st to make a rule to allow for virtual m
की है कि संसदीय स्थायी समितियों की मीटिंग ऑनलाइन तरीक़े से करवाई जाए हालाँकि राज्यसभा सचिवालय ने अभी तक इसे मंज़ूरी नहीं दी है कि उनकी नियम समिति ने इसको अभी तक अनुमति नहीं
Death: Pandit Rajan Mishra Covid Hospital opened in Banaras Hindu University’s Varanasi by DRDO. Pandit Rajan Mishra was a
in Corona.
Death: Jarnail Singh- journalist and FORMER AAM Aadmi Party MLA. Wrote book: “I Accuse… : The Anti-Sikh Violence of 1984”.
anti-Sikh riots of 1984
Cyber security of government org: Department of Telecommunications (DoT)'s new guidelines 1) Government employees must
classified information on private cloud services such as Google Drive, Dropbox, iCloud, etc. If government data is stored in such
stolen then government employee will be held responsible 2) any kind of classified work must be “strictly be carried out only in
is not connected to internet. 3) During official tours, Government Employees should avoid any mobile or internet based service
unless it is necessary for discharge of office duties. 4) Cyber security audit need to be done to check “data exfiltration” i.e. whe
unauthorised access to any computer connected to a network. टेलिकॉम विभाग ने सरकारी विभागों की साइबर सुरक्षा के लिए कु छ नए नियम बनाए हैं जहां पर सरकारी
गूगल ड्राइव इत्यादि पर सरकारी दस्तावेजों को नहीं रखना है. यदि कोई गुप्त किसम का काम हो रहा है तो वह ऐसे कं प्यूटर से करना है जो इंटरनेट से ना जुड़ा हुआ हो. जब सरकारी कर्मी सरकारी यात्रा पर
सेवाओं से बचना है जहां उनका लोके शन ट्रैक किया जाता है सिवाय के सरकारी काम के सिलसिले में ऐसा करना जरूरी हो
Malerkotla: It has become the 23rd district of Punjab after long pending demand of the Muslim community in the region. पंजाब में
Monsoon-2021: It'll hit Kerala on May 31. India's long period average for rainfall is 88cm. 2021's is estimated to be at pitched a
La Nina conditions have ended. El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) neutral phase started in April, 2021.
Cyclone ‘Tauktae’: name given by Myanmar which means ‘gecko’. This is going to be the first cyclonic storm of this year along t
severe cyclonic storm” with a wind speed of 150-160 kilometres per hour gusting up to 175 kmph. Target area: Kerala Karnatak
Maharashtra, Pakistan
Health ministry ⏫ gap between two doses of Covishield (AstraZeneca- Oxford University manufactured by Punebased Serum In
weeks. After? 12- 16 weeks. Reasoning? 1) real life experience of the UK showing More immunity if higher interval between sho
struggling with supply of vaccines. कोविशील्ड के दो इंजेक्शन के बीच पहले छह से आठ हफ्तों का अंतर रखा जाता है रखा जाता था किं तु अब स्वास्थ्य मंत्रालय ने सूचित किया है कि
क्योंकि उसे रोग प्रतिकारक शक्ति और बढ़ती है. वैसे भी सरकार के पास देने के लिए वैक्सीन आपूर्ति कम है
Astronaut in news: Yusaku Maezawa, JAPANESE FASHION Designer and billionaire, Planning to go on a trip to the moon in 2023
dearmoon mission. And before that he is also going to visit the International Space Station in 2020.
Judiciary and E-governance: 1) Chief Justice N V Ramana said he was “actively” considering the proposal to live telecast the pro
Court. Benefits: 1) Increased transparency and accountability in the courtroom proceedings 2) Law students can observe the pr
present cases From senior advocates, Especially in the time of coronavirus they cannot visit the courtroom in person. [This is al
Court and some other High Court through youtube] 2) Supreme court also introduced “Indicative Notes' Feature on its website
provides short/concise summaries of landmark judgments in an easy-to understand format. So journalists and general media ca
कोर्ट के मुख्य न्यायाधीश ने प्रस्ताव दिया है न्यायालय की कार्रवाई का जीवंत प्रसारण किया जाए ताकि पारदर्शिता और जवाबदेही बड़े तथा वकालत पढ़ने वाले विद्यार्थियों को भी वह सब देख कर सीखने का
जाती है. साथ ही साथ सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने अपनी वेबसाइट और मोबाइल ऐप पर 'परिचायक नोट्स' नामक नई सुविधा क्रियान्वित की है जहां पर न्यायालय के अति महत्वपूर्ण फै सलों का आसान भाषा में सारांश
Death: Sculptor Kanaka Murthy, Bengaluru.
Death: Times Group Chairman Indu Jain
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋4 days back Nepal PM K P Sharma Oli lost the vote of confidence in Nepali Lok Sabha. But, opposition parties failed
President Bidya Devi Bhandari is set to reappoint as K P Sharma Oli as Nepal Prime Minister for 50,000th TIME in the last 5 mon
राजनीतिक अस्थिरता) जारी है और इतने plot-twist आ रहे हैं जो कि सास-बहू सीरियल में भी नहीं होते हैं. अगर कोई घर में पति-पत्नी झगड़ा करे तो पडोशी छु ड़वाने के लिए आते है. लेकिन अगर
करते है. तो मेरा प्रश्न यह है कि नेपाल में रोज-रोज के राजनितिक झगड़ो को इतना कवरेज देने का ठेका भारतीय अखबारों ने क्यों ले कर रखा है?
Vaccine Maitri: arguments in favour 1) India's soft diplomacy improved by donating vaccines to other countries 2) Even though
within India but its raw material is procured from many other countries if we do not sell/donate some of the Indian vaccines To
good humour, then in future they may impose some export bans on raw material 3) two lakh doses sent to UN Peacekeeping F
Indian Soldiers as well. So vaccination was necessary even to protect our Indian soldiers. 4) Over 70% of Indian vaccine foreign
seven neighbouring countries. because That is also required to combat the influence of China. And if the neighbours are sick wi
the vulnerability of Indian population as well due to travel/biz relations. So neighbour vaccination is also required. 5) COVAX Ini
etc to pool global resources to speed up vaccine research, manufacturing, and supply around the world. India is a part of this in
guaranteed us a certain quantity of corona vaccines if we helped other countries. वैक्सीन मैत्री -के पक्ष में तर्क : ऐसा करने से भारत सरकार की नरम कू टनी
भारत में बनाएं लेकिन उसका बहुत सारा कच्चा माल विदेशों से आयात करना होता है तो यदि हम विदेशी सरकारों को मैत्री भाव में थोड़े बहुत वैक्सीन दान में नहीं देंगे तो भविष्य में वह कच्चे माल की आयात
संयुक्त राष्ट्र की शांति सेना को भी हमने वैक्सीन दान में दी है क्योंकि वहां पर भी बहुत सारे भारतीय सैनिक नियुक्त हैं. हमने ज्यादातर वैक्सीन तो अपने पड़ोसी देशों को ही दान में दी है ताकि वह चीन की
देशों में ही कोरोना संक्रमण अत्याधिक मात्रा में बढ़ गया तो भारत को भी खतरा रहता था.
Horse in the history: 1) The horse was possibly first domesticated on the Eurasian, especially Central Asian, steppes around 350
dealer /horse exporter. 3) earliest evidence of horse export through sea route - captured by a terracotta seal from Chandraketu
century CE) 4) 18th century Maratha army mostly relied on Deccanese horses from Godavari and the Bhima region. Other kingd
relied on Kathi/Kathiawadi horses from West Gujarat. 5) Arab and Iranian horses were expensive to import. yet, number of ann
Mughal kept ⏫ 30000 (16th century) to to 100,000 (17th century). 6) Sher Shah built a fine mausoleum for Ibrahim Khan, his
dealer. 7) Harappans did not know about the horses. As per UPSC Prelims-2017 Official answer key- घोड़ों के इतिहास के बारे में एक नई किताब
तथ्य।
Value of a human life: USA has “Crisis Standards of Care” guidelines to determine how doctors should allocate scarce resources
injection, ventilators during a catastrophic event. But in India we do not have such specific guidelines. So if there are two Coron
young children B) An elderly widow with no children & there is only one remdesivir injection or ventilator, then whom should th
depends on the discretion of the doctor. Epidemic Diseases Act, exempts legal-cases against doctors for their decisions taken in
hand the Constitution of India guarantees the right to equality and the right to life to every citizen. So who is responsible for th
guidelines are required. Case Study Q: as a doctor, how will you address this dilemma? अमेरिका में आपदा के दौरान स्वास्थ्य सेवा के मर्यादित संसाधन
इत्यादि पर सबसे पहला हक किसका होगा? तीन छोटे बच्चों के बाप का या एक बुजुर्ग निःसंतान विधवा का?- इसके बारे में स्पष्ट निर्देशिका अमेरिकी सरकार ने जारी की है. भारत में ऐसे कानून और निर्देशिका
कानून के अंतर्गत वैसे तो डॉक्टर ने नेक उद्देश से कोई भी निर्णय लिया हो तो उस पर आपराधिक मुकदमा नहीं होगा। हालांकि यदि ऑक्सीजन सिलेंडर या इंजेक्शन सिर्फ एक मरीज के लिए काफी हो तो,
बाप या एक बुजुर्ग निःसंतान विधवा को? इस पर एक डॉक्टर/चिकित्सक अपने विवेक से जो भी निर्णय लें...तो संविधान के हिसाब से तो सब को जीने का हक है तो ऐसे मामलों में जिसकी मौत होती है उ

RBI trying to outsmart judiciary to prevent money laundering: Previously Supreme Court judgement had cancelled RBI's directiv
from dealing with cryptocurrency companies. The Government of India is bringing a bill to make cryptocurrency illegal. But beca
it is difficult to predict when this bill will be passed. In the meantime RBI is afraid that Cryptocurrency will be misused for mone
informally urging/ moral suasion to bankers to cut ties with cryptocurrency companies. Consequently, ICICI Bank has already as
that ICICI is going to stop their bank transactions. Case study question: Even though the Supreme Court has said that cryptocu
to livelihood and right to business, But as RBI Governor you are afraid that it is going to be misused for money laundering, then
Bankers to stop the relations with cryptocurrency companies or not? What other decision alternatives do you have? एक जमाने में रिजर्व
क्रिप्टो मुद्रा के साथ जुड़ी हुई कं पनियों के बैंक खाते आप बंद कर दीजिए फिर ऐसे क्रिप्टो कं पनियां सुप्रीम कोर्ट में गई कि हमारे रोजगार/व्यवसाय का हक/अधिकार छीना गया है. तो सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा कि
कं पनियों को व्यवसाय का अधिकार है क्योंकि अभी तक भारत सरकार ने ऐसा कोई कानून नहीं बनाया जिसमें यह लिखा है कि क्रिप्टोकरंसी गैरकानूनी चीज है. हालांकि 2021 में रिजर्व बैंक को लगता है
सफे द बनाना तथा अन्य गैरकानूनी काम होने की संभावना। तथा भारत सरकार भी ऐसा विधेयक ला रही है जहां पर क्रिप्टो मुद्रा को गैरकानूनी घोषित किया जाएगा हालांकि कोरोनावायरस के चलते संसद ज्या
अभी पास नहीं हो पाया। इस बीच रिजर्व बैंक अनौपचारिक रूप से बैंकों पर दबाव डाल रही है कि आप क्रिप्टो मुद्रा वाली कं पनियों के बैंक खाते/ रिश्ते बंद कर दीजिए और आईसीआईसीआई बैंक ने इस की
का प्रश्न यह है, जब सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने बोला है की क्रिप्टो कं पनियों को व्यवसाय का अधिकार है लेकिन आरबीआई गवर्नर के रूप में आपको उनके काले कारनामों का डर है तो आप क्या करेंगे, क्या अनौपचारि
कोर्ट के फै सले के विपरीत जाकर काम करेंगे, या आपके पास कोई और भी विकल्प है इस समस्या से निपटने के लिए?
Fiscal Prudence: Chhattisgarh government cancelled the tenders for the construction of the new Vidhan Sabha building, new go
minister's house etc. Reason? Coronavirus / Conservation of public funds For purchasing vaccines and medical supplies. There i
critiques to union government to cancel the central Vista project. (राजकोषीय विवेक: छत्तीसगढ़ राज्य सरकार ने नई विधानसभा और राज्यपाल भवन निर्माण के ठेके
लिए बचाया जा सके )
RBI cancelled licence of United Co-operative Bank, Bagnan, West Bengal. Reason? it does not have adequate capital and earnin
Union government's Special Window for Affordable & Mid-Income Housing (SWAMIH-I) Fund. When? 2019. Fund Manager? SBI
Purpose? Gives loans / investment to builders for completing their affordable housing projects. SEBI classification Type? catego
fund (AIF). Why in news? Nirmala.S made some Statement appreciating it. (कें द्र सरकार का स्वामीह निधि/कोष/फं ड. जिस का संचालन एसबीआई कै प नामक
निर्माणाधीन मकानों को पूरा करने के लिए कर्जा दिया जाता है.)
Universal basic income (UBI): Azim Premji University's State of Working India 2021: proposes the government to do direct bene
3 months - ₹15,000. Beneficiary? each household registered under the public food distribution system (PDS) Reasoning? Poores
lost 15000 rupees of income in the last year because of Corona. (कोरोना महामारी के चलते, सबसे गरीब परिवारों की आय में ₹15000 की गिरावट आई है इसलि
₹15000 प्रत्यक्ष लाभ अंतरण/ सार्वत्रिक बुनियादी आय के रूप में जमा करने चाहिए ऐसा अजीम प्रेमजी यूनिवर्सिटी ने सुझाव दिया है)
2021-March: Elon Musk said that his Tesla company will accept Bitcoins for payment for Purchasing electric vehicles → bitcoin p
May: Elon Musk U-Turn on Bitcoin. Now he says, "We will not accept Bitcoins for purchase of Tesla car. Because, Bitcoin digital
number of computers 24/7-Electricity consumption⏫ → CO2 emission from coal/thermal power plants ⏫. We are very concerne
global warming so we will not encourage Bitcoin. However, we are also looking at other cryptocurrencies that use less than 1%
may accept such cryptocurrencies)." → Bitcoin price fell by 7% After Elon Musk's remark. एलोन मस्क एक गंजेड़ी तो था ही, लेकिन उसने आज साबित
आदमी भी है. क्योंकि मार्च के महीने में उसने कहा था कि, "मेरी टेस्ला कं पनी की गाड़ियां, ग्राहक बिटकॉइन में भुगतान करके भी खरीद सकते हैं". जबकि मई के महीने में वह अपनी बात से मुकर गया! अ
कं प्यूटर चलाए जाते हैं जिससे बिजली बर्बाद होती है और कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड उत्सर्जन बढ़ता है. इसलिए टेस्ला कं पनी की गाड़ियों को बिटकॉइन से खरीदने कि मैं अनुमति नहीं दूंगा। हालांकि कोई ऐसी क्रि
करती हो तो शायद उसको अनुमति दूंगा।"- इस टिप्पणी के बाद अचानक से बिटकॉइन के दाम गिर गए हैं. सोचने के विषय १) क्या गंजेड़ी एलोन मस्क थोड़े दिन बाद ऐसा बोलेगा कि Dogecoin मे क
सकता है- समझदार को इशारा काफी है अगर आप मेरे पिछले डेली करंट अफे यर्स पढ़ चुके है. २) क्या गंजेड़ी एलोन मस्क को ग्रेटा थनबर्ग ने ट्विटर पर जलील करने की धमकी दी है, इसलिए अचानक से
है? ३) ये गंजेड़ी डेली बैठकर कॉमेंट्री मारते रहता है, जिसके चलते क्रिप्टो मुद्राओं के दामों में भारी बढ़ोतरी और गिरावट आती है, भोले भाले निवेशक इस मायाजाल में अपनी जिंदगी की कमाई बर्बाद कर दे
और बाकी सब व्यक्तियों की "आजीविका सुरक्षा"- इन दोनों के बीच समन्वय कै से किया जाए? क्या इसके भी ट्विटर और फे सबुक अकाउंट को डॉनल्ड ट्रंप की तरह प्रतिबंधित कर देना चाहिए? सोचिए।
World Bank report "Migration and Development Brief: - Despite coronavirus, Not much⏬Observed in the remittances. Top recip
billion, hardly 0.2% ⏬ than 2019) 2) China ($59.5 billion), Mexico ($42.8 billion), the Philippines ($34.9 billion), Egypt ($29.6 b
France ($24.4 billion) and Bangladesh ($21 billion). विदेशों से अपने परिवार को पैसा भेजने के मामले में भारत दुनिया में नंबर वन है ऐसा विश्व बैंक का रिपोर्ट बोल रहा है
Centralised purchase of vaccine: Single buyer can always negotiate a lower price for a product with sellers, compared to a a ma
Therefore the experts are advising that instead of municipal corporations and state governments purchasing the vaccines from
Union government itself should purchase it from the international market and then sell/distribute them among the States/privat
competitive offers and cost saving. Whereas, If States are inviting their own bids to import vaccines then Every state will get a
unhealthy competition and end up profiting for foreign vaccine manufacturers. वर्तमान समय में नगर निगम और राज्य सरकारें अपनी अपनी तरफ से वैश्विक
विज्ञापन दे रहे हैं. लेकिन जब ग्राहकों की संख्या इस प्रकार से बहुत ज्यादा हो, तो विक्रे ताओं को फायदा होता है. इसलिए विशेषज्ञों का कहना है कि सिर्फ भारत की कें द्र सरकार ने ही ऐसा अंतरराष्ट्रीय विज्ञा
विक्रे ताओं से मोलभाव करके वैक्सीन खरीद कर कें द्र सरकार ने राज्यों को देने चाहिए।
GoAir Airline renamed/ rebranded as "Go First" ahead of its initial public offering (IPO) [Business GK for non IAS exam]
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Directive on sponsor investments in alternative investment funds (AIFs) set up in an ov
International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) /GIFT City. Not important
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ONGC waives marketing margin, refuses reserve price cut for KG basin gas. ✋This type of operational business tech
important for the scope of exam
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋TELECOM Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) consultation paper on Prepaid Mobile tariff plans. This type of things a
don't waste time.
COVAID (covaid.niti.gov.in) Portal by NITI Aayog to facilitate the import/Donation of Corona relief material into India by domest
e.g. Oxygen Cylinders, Oxygen Concentrators, Ventilators, Rapid Detection Kits, Remdesivir etc. नीति आयोग के इस COVAID पोर्टल से विदेशी
कोरोना के लिए
World Health Organisation (Founded 1948, HQ Geneva Switzerland). 2020 WHO panel with co-chairman 1) Ex-Liberian Presiden
Ex-New Zealand PM Helen Clark To examine WHO's Response to Corona. Committee recommendations? 1) Agreement: Require
Convention within six months to address gaps in international regulations 2) ⏫Power & Money of WHO 3) Setup an internation
4) WHO Director General should have a 7-year term With no reappointment. (Presently 5 years term and reappointment possib
general who served for four consecutive terms- 20 years then It is difficult to expect innovation, fresh ideas. Such person will M
with his own favourite people, and then administration will become stagnant). विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन की एक समिति ने से पाया है कि कोरोना जैसी महामारी
बने, विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन के पास धन और सत्ता को बढ़ाया जाए, महामारी वित्त पोषण के लिए अलग संगठन बने, विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन के डायरेक्टर जनरल को 7 साल का सिर्फ एक कार्यकाल मिले, पु
Health ministry: It is true that B.1.617 variant of coronavirus has been labelled as "a variant of concern" World Health Organiza
it "Indian variant". WHO Does not give country labels to any virus variant. The word “Indian” has not been used in its report on
reported in 44 other countries so in which country exactly did it start first well it depends on whether a country did the testing f
WHO. So, while within India, Vidarbha region of Maharashtra was first to report this B.1.617 variant but it is not necessary that
country. कोरोनोवायरस का B.1.617 प्रकार भारत से पैदा हुआ है ऐसा विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन ने नहीं कहा है. क्योंकि कोरोनावायरस का यह प्रकार, अन्य देशों में भी पाया गया है तो ऐसा जरूरी न
तो जिस देश ने सबसे पहले विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन को इसके सैंपल भेजे हो सूचित किया हो उस हिसाब से समय-क्रम में कोई देश आगे पीछे दिख सकता है.
Cooperative federalism: Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) Directly organised an online meeting with officials from 9 districts of Wes
coronavirus situation.West Bengal State government is angry because PMO Violated / bypassed the standard protocol A first inf
and their organising the meeting through the state government. प्रधानमंत्री कार्यालय ने पश्चिम बंगाल राज्य सरकार को सूचित किए बिना सीधा ही जिला स्तर के अधि
राज्य सरकार नाराज है, यह शिष्टाचार का भंग/उल्लंघन है-प्रधानमंत्री कार्यालय ने पहले राज्य सरकार को सूचित करना चाहिए।
Corona-Bombay High Court: If Central government had Started door-to-door vaccination policy Then many senior citizens and p
persons could have been vaccinated and their lives could have been saved. यदि सरकार ने घर-घर जाकर टीकाकरण किया होता तो बहुत सारे बुजुर्ग और अपा
Article 311: (1) says a government servant cannot remove anyone whose rank is lower than the authority that appointed the of
IAS IPS are appointed by the President of India that cannot be removed by governor of a state 2) Article 311 (2) no civil servan
removed or reduced in rank except after a Department enquiry in which s/he has been informed of the charges and given a rea
defend himself. Under Article 311(2)(a), if a government employee is convicted in a criminal case,s/he can be dismissed withou
Article 311(2)(b & C), “when authority is satisfied that for some reason, it is not reasonably practicable / Not in the interest of n
such enquiry, then government employee can be dismissed without inquiry. Why in News? ASSISTANT POLICE Inspector Sachin
National Investigation Agency (NIA) In connection with planting of vehicle bomb outside Mukesh Ambani house in Mumbai - is d
नौकरी से हटाने से पहले विभागीय जांच बिठाना जरूरी हालांकि यदि ऐसी परिस्थिति हो जहां राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा या किसी अन्य कारणों से इस प्रकार की विभागीय जांच बिठाना संभव ना हो तो बिना जांच के भी
मुके श अंबानी वसूली कांड में गिरफ्तार पुलिस कर्मी सचिन वज़े को बिना विभागीय जांच के हटाया गया है.
Death: Table tennis coach Venugopal Chandrasekar (Tamil Nadu), Recipient of Arjuna Award.
Death: Homen Borgohain. Renowned Assamese author and journalist, Sahitya Akademi awardee, A former president of the Asa
novels, editor- in-chief of Assamese dailies Amar Asom and Niyomiya Barta, among others.
Death: RETIRED CBI officer K Raghothaman,who was the chief investigation officer of theSpecial Investigation Team (SIT) that
assassination. Author of the book “Conspiracy to Kill Rajiv Gandhi”
Diplomatic language: BRIHAN MUMBAI Municipal Corporation (BMC) issued a global tender for procurement of one crore vaccin
advertisement specifically mentions that countries that share land borders with India will not be considered. Since it is not in th
Nepal etc. to mfg /sell 1cr vaccine to India So obviously the target is China. But, if they openly said China then ego of China wil
से कोरोनावायरस इन खरीदने के लिए विज्ञापन दिया है हालांकि उन्होंने विज्ञापन में साफ-साफ लिखा है कि भारत देश के साथ जमीनी सीमा रखने वाले पड़ोसी देश की कं पनियां इसमें शामिल नहीं हो पाएंगे
लेकिन अगर साफ-साफ लिखा होता कि चीनी कं पनियों का प्रवेश निषेध है तो चीनी सरकार ज्यादा बुरा मान जाती।
Chinese Vaccine Maitri: Bangladesh has received 500,000 doses of China's Sinopharm Covid-19 vaccine as a gift after Banglade
stopped due to shortage of India-made Vaccines. So China is applying a carrot and stick Policy to deal with Bangladesh. Just ye
if Bangladesh joins QUAD then there will be serious damage to relations, and today Chinese are giving free vaccine as a carrot/
किल्ल्त के चलते बांग्लादेश को कोरोना वेक्सीन देना बंद कर दिया तो बांग्लादेश में टीकाकरण की मुहिम भी बंद हो गई थी. अभी चीन ने उसे 5 लाख मुफत की वैक्सीन भेजी है तो क्या बांग्लादेश -चीन की
समूह का सदस्य बनेगा? इस पर 1 घंटे की देशभक्ति/PhD वीडियो देखने की कोई जरूरत नहीं है. 3 लाइन का मुद्दा था 3 लाइन में हमने पढ़ लिया है अभी आगे बढ़ो.
DRDO's Hypersonic Technology Demonstration Vehicle (HSTDV): Presently, Most cruise missiles fly at subsonic speeds of about
supersonic fighter jets Can intercept and destroy them. Whereas Hypersonic Technology Demonstration Vehicle helps carrying t
speed of faster than Mach 6 (7,500 kmph). Then no fighter jet can intercept it. 2020: India became the fourth country (after th
successfully fly a vehicle at hypersonic speed. ध्वनि से भी तेज गति से मिसाइल दागे जाए तो फिर ध्वनि से भी तेज गति से चलने वाले फाइटर विमान/हवाई जहाज उसे गिरा न
की है

DRDO's Anti tank guided missiles (ATGM): 1) Dhruvastra ATGM To be launched from helicopter 2) Laser Guided ATGM from DR
DRDO's Anti-Radiation Missile: (RUDRAM, 2020). It is launched from Sukhoi aircraft to destroy enemy radars. It targets the ene
radar signal emissions coming from them. रूद्रम रडार विरोधी प्रक्षेपास्त्र
DRDO's Supersonic Missile Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART): Most of the torpedoes have limited range and speed. DRDO's
range and speed to destroy submarines. सबमरीन/पनडु ब्बी के खिलाफ स्मार्ट प्रक्षेपास्त्र
DRDO's Uttam Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar. It can be put on Tejas and other aircrafts. हवाई जहाज में लगाया जा सके
Israeli Iron Dome air defence system (2011): It has 80 to 90% success in blocking the Rockets fired by Hamaz group from Gaz
system has radar To detect the incoming missiles and then it will launch a counter missile to destroy that incoming missile. 2) I
Iron Dome because it has short range. India Interested to buy Russian S-400 air defence system Because it has a longer range
incoming missiles from Pakistan and China. इजरायल की आयर्न डॉम / लौह-गुंबद वायु रक्षा प्रणाली जहां पर गाजा पट्टी से हमास के आतंकवादियों द्वारा दागी जाने वाली रॉके ट प्रक्षे
भारत सरकार यह प्रणाली इजराइल से नहीं खरीद रही है, क्योंकि हम रशिया की S-400 वायु रक्षा प्रणाली खरीदना चाहते हैं जो बहुत लंबी दूरी से आने वाले रॉके ट /मिसाइल /प्रक्षेपास्त्र को भी मार गिरा
और हमने दो लाइन में पढ़ लिया. #⏳📚थोड़ा-पढ़ो-आगे-बढ़ो इजराइल के हर आतंकवाद विरोधी कारनामे पर 1 घंटे का PHD/देशभक्ति/Ek-tha-Tiger/James-Bond वीडियो देखने आप
परीक्षा को अक्टू बर महीने तक पोस्टपोन किया है- उसकी जगह अगर, 2025 तक भी पोस्टपोन की जाए तो क्या बाबू शोने अपना सिलेबस खत्म कर- अगर वह पूरा दिन ऐसे ही वीडियो देखते बैठे रहे?
Agent Orange: Toxic herbicide used by American forces during Vietnam War To destroy the jungle /trees/tall-crop so the Vietco
hide in it. Why in New? A French Vietnamese woman has filed a case To see compensation for her Bad health because of this to
जहरीली तरुण मारक दवाई थी जो कि अमेरिकी सेना ने वियतनाम में इस्तेमाल की थी ताकि वियतनाम के जंगल फसलें पेड़ पौधे खाक हो जाएं और विएटकोंग/ साम्यवादी गोरिल्ला सैनिक उसके भीतर छु प न
Aishwariya Barmer Hills in Rajasthan: Vedanta-Cairn Oil & Gas to start oil production here.
Cyclone “Tauktae”: In southeast Arabian Sea. Will result in rainfall in Lakshadweep Kerala Tamilnadu Karnataka- says India Met
(IMD). अच्छा है कि साइक्लोन "टॉकताई" नाम रखा है, साइक्लोन "टुकड़े" नाम नहीं रखा, वरना अमित शाह और टुकड़े गैंग वालों के बीच नोकझोंक शुरू हो जाती।
Crisis management: five-stage "DANDA" behavioural pattern [Denial-anger-negotiation-depression-acceptance] can be seen in t
by Indian Governments and Public. Stage#1) denial about the onset of the disease. Not doing enough tests, Not wearing a mas
distance. New Year Party, Political Ralleys, Melas & Festivals, Not taking the vaccination. Stage#2) Anger arising from “Why me
Corona. Stage#3) negotiation — blaming others (China), and endless discussion about alternative solutions. Stage#4) Depressi
Options/solutions look bad/do not help (e.g. A: Giving remdesivir injections to patients who do not actually need it-Then resultin
and black marketing, B: Giving Ivermectin, an antiparasitic drug To all the residents of a state (Goa, Karnataka, Uttarakhand)- A
that Ivermectinis not proven to be effective in reducing mortality rate. C: smearing Cow dung on patient body to boost immunit
want that it will increase the chances of Mucormycosis). Stage#5) Acceptance of reality. Only Acceptance can lead to positive a
our action and coronavirus inevitable, And we should take all precautions from henceforth.". Regrettably, the first four stages co
before serious action begins (- Based on the research work of Renowned Swiss American Psychiatrist Dr Elizabeth Kubler on be
near-Death/terminally-ill patients). संकट प्रबंधन: के दौरान हमारा बर्ताव 5 चरणों में बदलता है. पहले चरण में हम उस संकट/ महामारी को अस्वीकार करते हैं. दूसरे चरण में हम गुस्सा
तीसरे चरण में हम समझौता/ जुगाड़ लगाने की कोशिश करते हैं. चौथे चरण में जब वह जुगाड़ काम नहीं आता तो हम मायूस हो जाते हैं. पर अंतिम पांचवें चरण में हम स्वीकार करते हैं कि वाकई यह संकट
बहुत ज्यादा समय और नुकसान हो जाता है जैसा कि हम कोरोनावायरस की दूसरी लहर में देख रहे हैं. जब तक हम यह स्वीकार नहीं करेंगे तब तक उसका सही इलाज/प्रबंधन हो नहीं पाएगा।
Ritual/Festival: AHEAD OF Eid and Bhagwan Parshuram Jayanti, the Gujarat DGP Issues order forbidding people from assemblin
ongoing coronavirus pandemic. So now we can say that Police is at the Stage#5 of Crisis management (Acceptance of reality).
धार्मिक स्थानों पर लोगों के मिलने पर प्रतिबंध घोषित किया है यानी कि अब जाकर संकट प्रबंधन के पांचवें चरण पर पुलिस पहुंची है जहां पर स्वीकार किया है कि हां कोरोनावायरस की दूसरी लहर बहुत वि

Teenage Depression / exploitation through social media: Anorexia is an psychological eating disorder characterized by an abnor
intense fear of gaining weight. such person avoids eating Bulimia Nervosa is a psychological eating disorder in which patient ha
urges of binge eating (consuming a large quantity of food in one sitting) then patient tries inappropriate ways to lose weight su
laxatives and diuretics, Compulsive exercising etc. 2) A glitch in Instagram’s search algorithm caused it to automatically recomm
and “appetite suppressants” to some people, including those recovering from Bulimia and other er eating disorders. 3) Thus Ins
a safe online space for vulnerable people. 4) Previously Facebook designed Messenger for kids- but it even allowed strangers to
Children could be lured/kidnapped by pedophiles 5) Yet Instagram's owner Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg Plants to create a v
children below the age of 13. 6) UK’s Royal Society for Public Health has labelled Instagram as being the “worst” for young peo
sleep quality, bullying and body image/ Self confidence issues.एनोरेक्सिया एक ऐसी मानसिक बीमारी जहां पर मरीज खाना नहीं खाता क्योंकि उसे डर लगता है कि मेरा
बीमारी/विकार है जहां पर मरीज अनियंत्रित रूप से खाना खाता है और बाद में उल्टियां करके बहुत अधिक मात्रा में कसरत करके , दस्त हो जाए ऐसी दवाइयां लेकर वजन घटाने की कोशिश करता है. इंस्टा
के मरीजों को भी वह ऐसे फोटोग्राफ्स और समाचार दिखाने लगा कि कै से वे उपवास कर सकते हैं और अपनी भूख को मिटा सकते हैं. फे सबुक ने बच्चों के लिए मैसेंजर एप बनाई लेकिन वहां पर भी अनजान
बच्चों को लुभा कर उनका अपहरण करना यौन शोषण करना उस की संभावना बढ़ जाती थी.फे सबुक कं पनी इंस्टाग्राम कं पनी के मालिक है और वह अब इंस्टाग्राम में भी ऐसा बच्चों के लिए अलग से ऐप बनाने
कहना है इंस्टाग्राम एप के चलते युवाओं का मानसिक स्वास्थ्य, नींद, आत्मविश्वास कम होता है.
Quacks - fraudulent Persons pretending to be doctors without Degree/licence. Jharkhand Jamtara district (Infamous for its cybe
administration is using Quacks (Fake doctors) to visit the villages and convince them to get vaccinated for Corona. Reason? Pre
administration used teachers for such awareness drive but villages tend to believe more in the quacks- As far as medical advice
has less than 30% of its 45-plus population vaccinated, Because of fake news like vaccination will make them infertile/dead. Co
NATIONAL MEDICAL COMMISSION ACT, 2019 - quackery - 1-year imprisonment and up to ₹5 lakhs fine. So basically criminals.
not rely on them Even for Noble objectives. Tomorrow should we use bootleggers/Illegal liquor makers to To arrange alcohol fo
Should we also use smugglers to arrange remdesivir injection and Oxygen cylinders from foreign countries? राष्ट्रीय स्वास्थ्य आयोग कानून
को 1 साल की सजा और 5 साल का जुर्माना हो सकता है. हालांकि झारखंड के साइबर गुनाह के लिए कु ख्यात जमतारा जिले में जिला प्रशासन द्वारा नीम हकीम की मदद ली जा रही है गांव वालों को यह
टीकाकरण ले. पहले जिला प्रशासन ने शिक्षकों को यह बात मनवाने के लिए भेजा था लेकिन वहां के गांव वाले शिक्षकों पर कम यकीन करते हैं नीम हकीमओ पर ज्यादा यकीन करते हैं.
Sports Ethics/Sportsmanship/Gratitude/: World No.3 shooter Petar Gorsa (Croatia) Came to Delhi for shooting World Cup but he
positive then Indian Olympian Shooter Ronjan Singh Sodhi And other Indians Looked after his Quarantine, Medicine And Well B
Coronavirus wave 2.0 in India: If Indian Shooter infected then it will ruin their chances for Tokyo Olympics. 2) Difficult to train i
temperature crossing 40 Degrees. So Indian shooters wanted to temporarily migrate to another country For training before the
Croatian Shooter Petar Gorsa arranges their visa paperwork and accommodation in Croatia, Even though these Indian Shooters
him in Tokyo. So, this shows sportsmanship. खेल भावना/कृ तज्ञता: क्रोएशिया का एक निशानेबाज भारत आया था लेकिन उसको कोरोनासंक्रमण हो गया तो भारतीय निशानेबाजों
कोरोना की दूसरी लहर के चलते भारतीय निशानेबाज जोखिम में आ गए कि टोक्यो ओलंपिक से पहले बीमार ना हो जाए, और दिल्ली की सख्त गर्मियों में निशानेबाजी का प्रशिक्षण कै से लें ..तब क्रोएशिया के
क्रोएशिया में ठहरने का प्रबंधन किया हालांकि टोक्यो ओलंपिक में वह उनका प्रतिस्पर्धी है.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Cabinet okays ~18K-cr PLI scheme for battery makers. Advanced ChemistryCell (ACC) Battery- used in consumer ele
and renewable energy- Matter underNITI Aayog and Department of Heavy Industries Production Linked Incentive Scheme (PLI)
of automobiles, pharma, mobiles, textile etc. sectors by giving them conditional 4-6% subsidy on incremental sales of goods ma
their production in base year (2019-20). उत्पादन आधारित प्रोत्साहन: वर्ष 2019 के अनुपात में, भारत में निर्मित कं पनी के उत्पादनो, की सालाना बिक्री, कितनी बढ़ी, उस हिसा
बार में तैयार करके खत्म करो. कै बिनेट और अखबार वालों के पास बहुत ज्यादा फ्री टाइम है तो हर दो-तीन दिन में अलग-अलग क्षेत्र के लिए यह योजना को घोषित करते हैं और फालतू में बॉल बाय बॉल
INDIA’S AGRICULTURAL exports : Have grown despite Corona. Notable Exports 1) Basmati rice and other rice. India continues
exporter of the world. 2) Other notable exports: All time high exports of Sugar, spices, fruit vegetable, cotton etc.
IDBI bank decided that it will not give more than ~500 crore loan to a single Business group, to avoid too much risk/exposure o
the banks decide like this, then it will be difficult for the Indian companies to expand their business / Engage in very large scale
debt finance because 1) RBI has imposed quantitative limits on external commercial borrowing 2) Indian, bond market is not fu
enough participation of the retail investors. आईडीबीआई बैंक ने तय किया है कि किसी एक उद्योगपति को 500 करोड़ से ज्यादा लोन नहीं देंगे सोचो अगर सभी बैंक वाले ऐसा
क्रियान्वित ही नहीं हो पाएगा क्योंकि भारत के उद्योगपति भी विदेशों से एक हद से ज्यादा वाणिज्य कर जले नहीं सकते ऐसे रिजर्व बैंक के नियम है और भारत में बांड बाजार इतना विकसित नहीं हुआ है कि
जाए.
Index of Industrial Production (IIP) is an indicator that measures the short-term changes in the volume of production. It is prep
statistics and programme implementation → National Statistics Office (NSO). IIP ⏫ by 22% (Comparing May-2021 to Feb 2020)
base effect.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋RBI Half-yearly Report On Forex Reserves. औद्योगिक उत्पादन का सूचकांक- क्योंकि पिछले साल अपना उत्पादन कोरोना के चलते कम था, इस कारण से प्रतिश
2021 के महीने में
Oil Refinery Run rate: It is the proportion of crude processed by a refinery relative to its total processing capacity. INDIAN OIL r
problems 1) Profit margin is low 2) Demand for Petroleum products decline⏬ in corona wave 2.0. esp. bitumen, sulphur, and d
reduced their run rate. भारत की तेल रिफाइनरी होने अपना उत्पादन स्तर कम किया है क्योंकि मांग कम हुई है और मुनाफे का मार्जिन भी कम है
Agriculture import: India's pulses and oilseed production is insufficient continuously we have to rely on imports. Indian middle c
since 2000: More demand for edible oil and fast food → Every demand increasing by 5%. Majority of edible oil (Palm Oil) impor
Indonesia and Malaysia. Any disruption in supplies from there, can prove disastrous. Government announces good MSP price fo
procurement is not done satisfactorily and frequently (Until the recently made PM-Aasha scheme), Consequently Indian farmers
oilseed production. भारत में खाद्य तेल की पैदावार बढ़ाने की जरूरत है क्योंकि हमारी खाद्य तेल आयात बहुत ज्यादा बढ़ रही है और वह भी सिर्फ 2 देशों से इंडोनेशिया और मलेशिया तो भगवा
बंद हो गई तो भारत में खाद्य तेल महंगाई का संकट हो सकता है
World food prize given by the world food Foundation (Des Moines, Iowa State, USA) Every year on UN World Food Day (Octobe
Nobel Prize for Food and Agriculture. 1970: Dr. Norman E. Borlaug won. 2021: Indian origin nutrition scientist DR SHAKUNTALA
(Trinidad born) wins for her research in aquaculture and food systems.
Bad Bank / National Asset Reconstruction Company (NARC): CEO is going to be Padmakumar M Nair, previously worked in State
Vaccine shortage: Maharashtra stops vaccination of persons in the 18-44 years age group and will use the available stock to pro
above 45 years. अभी नौजवानों को टीकाकरण नहीं करेंगे सारा स्टॉक/आपूर्ति बुजुर्गों के लिए इस्तेमाल करेंगे ऐसा महाराष्ट्र सरकार ने निर्णय लिया है
Lazy banking: 2020- RBI pursued easy dovish monetary policy wherein it ⏬⏬ CRR, Repo, opened New Special / targeted wind
overall picture is majority of the banks' money invested in G-Sec rather than in Loans. According to RBI data, banks invested ~7
bonds compared to ~5.8 trillion in loans in 2020-21. Such "Lazy Banking" trend is not seen in the last two decades except durin
Reasons? A) banks are reluctant to give loans to people fearing further rise in NPA/bad loans B) People are not coming to take
their future income and business. Lesson? Easy/Dovish monetary policy alone cannot help tackling Corona slowdown. कोरोनावायरस
बैंक ने विस्तारवादी/आसान मौद्रिक नीति अपनाई थी जहां पर जिसके चलते मुद्रा आपूर्ति तो बड़ी किं तु बैंकों ने यह सारा पैसा लोन में कम घुमाया है और ज्यादातर तो सरकारी प्रतिभूतियों में ही निवेश कर
बैंकवाले लोन देने से डर रहे हैं उन्हें लगता है कर्जदार पैसा वापस नहीं कर पाएंगे, और साथ ही साथ कर्जदार भी आर्थिक अनिश्चितता के चलते लोन लेने के लिए उत्साह से आगे नहीं आ रहे.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋SEBI new technical rules on 1) pre-IPO shareholder and ‘person control. 2)Dividend distribution policy for top 1,000
Technical things from share market are not important if someone is giving you more questions and you are solving them with g
कहता भी दीवाना और सुनता भी दीवाना.
World Economic Situation and Prospects Report (WESP) by United Nations/ says Indian economy / GDP would grow at 10.1% in
look at the base effect. If production in year1 -90 crore and in year2-100 crore then growth is [(100-90)/90-11%]. So here incr
Showing 11% growth whereas if year1 -100 crore and in year2-110 crore then growth is [(110-100)/100]-10% So here the incr
Showing 10% growth. Meaning the amount of production in the base year, Will affect the percentage. If Corona wave 2.0 in 20
definitely in 2022 percentage wise you could see 10% growth, But that does not mean rivers of milk and honey are flowing. पिछ
हिसाब से प्रतिशत में जवाब अलग-अलग आ सकते हैं. तो यदि 2022 में 10% जीडीपी वृद्धि दिखे तो जरूरी नहीं है कि की दूध की नदियां बह रही है. वह तो 2021 में अगर उत्पादन कम हो तो प्रति
दिखेगा.
China Census: population grew at just 5% compared to 2010. At this rate Chinese population will begin to decline next year. Th
on the Labour supply, Production in China. But a good opportunity for India as MNC companies will shift their factory production
force. चीन की आबादी में गिरावट आ रही है, जिसके चलते श्रमिकों की कमी. भारत को फायदा क्योंकि बहुराष्ट्रीय कं पनियां वह सब फै क्ट्रियां भारत में लगा सकती हैं.
Title insurance - insures against financial loss from title/ownership dispute to property. Builders are required to purchase this un
and Development) (RERA) Act, 2016. Type of title insurance products 1) Comprehensive Cover For Promoter and allottees And
Builder as well as home buyer as well as their successors) 2) Promoter Legal Expenses Policy- It protects the only the Builder (e
land from some third-party and later on there was some legal dispute) 3) Allottee Retail Policy: Protect the only the individual h
Type#2 and #3 Was not previously available but the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (Irdai) Committ
introduction in India. As such so much mind need not be applied to insurance related technical thing but after looking at Cyber-
2020, one should be aware. टाइटल बीमा आपको जमीन के अधिकार के साथ जुड़े हुए कानूनी मुकदमों में नुकसानी से बचाता है. वर्तमान समय में ऐसा सिर्फ एक किसम का बीमा उपलब्ध
ग्राहकों को वह बीमा सुरक्षित रखता है. बीमा नियामक अब सोच रहे हैं इसके अलावा दो और श्रेणियां होनी चाहिए जहां पर मात्र बिल्डर और मात्र मकान खरीदने वाले ग्राहक की सुरक्षा के लिए अलग-अलग
Cairn Energy company (Britain) had won a tax harassment case against Indian government in the Netherland Tribunal in 2020.
required to pay $1.7 billion (~12,600 crore) compensation. Now Company is planning to file cases in the foreign countries to ta
public sector banks' foreign branches. Indian Government and PSBs maintain that bankdeposit money is public money and not
illegal to attach such ₹₹. However Cairn Company maintains that under the international laws it is enforceable. के न-कं पनी भारत सरकार
की कोर्ट में जीती थी. जहां पर भारत सरकार को कोर्ट ने आदेश दिया कि इस कं पनी को $1.7 billion का मुआवजा दीजिए. हालांकि भारत सरकार यह मुआवजा दे नहीं रही. इसलिए कं पनी ने अब त
विदेशी शाखाओं में जो ग्राहकों का डिपाजिट में पैसा है, उसको जप्त करवा के , हमारा मुआवजा वसूल करेंगे!

Leadership & National Cadet Corps (NCC, Organisation under the defence ministry): University Grants Commission (UGC, Statut
Ministry) Send a proposal to all universities that NCC be given as an elective subject in curricula under the Choice-Based Credit
will receive academic credits for NCC training, And it will also help them getting jobs. 🤩Benefits? 1) Joining the NCC Transform
person- he/she becomes more disciplined and committed and cultivates leadership qualities. 2) Such cadets can help in Disaste
rural development, Women empowerment, Corona duty etc. social and developmental and public health projects. 😰Challenges
deployed randomly by the local administration as mascots at VIP events, for crowd and traffic management at festivals. They ne
2) Due to funding constrain many cadets do not receive Proper weapons training. Poor quality of food and facilities in the camp
not in the good books of their superiors / Physically unfit are given sideline/punishment posting in the NCC organisation. Instea
sent and they should be given further promotion based on the good work in NCC. 3) At the school/college level NCC training is
Associate National Cadet Corps Officers (ANOs). But they do not have much career progression prospects. 4) Often NCC cadets
/Poor families who will later join as "Jawan/soldiers". For them, it is a pathway to better economic opportunities. Youth from Mi
does not join NCC. except a few of them for the thrill of donning a uniform, participating in adventure activities, and undergoing
to address the shortage of officers in defence service, NCC needs to be made more attractive For students of all types of socio-
सभी विश्वविद्यालयों को पत्र लिखा है कि एनसीसी को एक वैकल्पिक-विषय के रूप में उपलब्ध करवाया जाए, ताकि मार्क शीट में भी उसके गुण अलग से दिखे और विद्यार्थियों को नौकरी रोजगार में सुविधा मि
शक्ति, अनुशासन, सेवा की भावना, राष्ट्रभक्ति उत्पन्न होती है. वह आपदा प्रबंधन महामारी प्रबंधन, भीड़ प्रबंधन, तथा अन्य सामाजिक और राष्ट्रीय सेवा के कार्य में जुड़ सकता है. हालांकि एनसीसी कु छ चुनौ
एनसीसी कै डेट्स को कहीं पर भी वीआईपी कार्यक्रमों में भीड़ नियंत्रण में लगा दिया जाता है जबकि कै डेट्स के रूप में उनकी असल तालीम पर कम ध्यान दिया जाता है, सरकारी फं ड की कमी के चलते कैं प
हथियार चलाने की पर्याप्त तालीम नहीं दी जाती। सेना के ऐसे अधिकारी जो अपने बड़े अफसरों के साथ रिश्ते बिगड़ चुके हैं उन्हें सजा के रूप में एनसीसी में तबादला किया जाता है. और फिर ऐसे नाखुश अ
एनसीसी में जुड़ने वाले ज्यादातर कै डेट्स गरीब परिवारों से आते हैं जो यह सोचते हैं कि एनसीसी सर्टिफिके ट की मदद से हमें सेना में जवान की नौकरी मिले तो हमारी आर्थिक स्थिति बेहतर होगी। मध्यम व
आकर्षित करने की जरूरत है ताकि सेना में अफसरों की कमी को भी संबोधित किया जा सके .

Fake news: ANDHRA Pradesh Police an FIR against former chief minister N Chandrababu Naidu for spreading “misinformation”
the coronavirus originated in Andhra Pradesh, and has a higher rate of spreading and is 10 to 15 times more dangerous than th
Fake news: People in semi-urban and rural areas of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Gujarat, Bihar and Punjab are trying to stop 5G tria
in the belief that the testing of 5G technology spreads coronavirus, Because Such rumours are spread through WhatsApp. The D
(Geneva, Switzerland), International Telecom Union (ITU, Geneva, Switzerland) and Global Radiation Commission said there is
spreading Covid- 19. "5G टावर के चलते कोरोनावायरस संक्रमण बढ़ता है" ऐसी अफवाह के चलते लोग 5G-परीक्षण का विरोध कर रहे हैं. जबकि राष्ट्रीय और अंतरराष्ट्रीय संस्थाएं बता चुकी
नहीं है.
Fake news: WhatsApp messages that smearing of cow dung on the body gives protection against coronavirus. So, some people
But, Doctors warn that such ‘cowdung therapy' may cause other infections including mucormycosis (Black fungus). गोबर का शरीर पर
रोगप्रतिकारक शक्ति बढ़ती है ऐसी अफवाह के चलते लोग ऐसे प्रयोग कर रहे हैं, जबकि डॉक्टरों ने चेतावनी दी है कि इससे तो आपको अनेक किस्म के और संक्रमण हो सकते हैं.
Rituals: Jal Samadhi or “Jal Pravah” - disposing the dead bodies in the river- such custom is prevalent in some communities. 96
floating in the Ganga in Uttar Pradesh in Bihar. Public afraid these are Corona victims. The associated river pollution will further
Corona. As DM/SP How will you address this? बहुत सारे शवों को गंगा नदी के पानी में विसर्जित किया गया है, प्रशासन को शक है कि यह कोरोना मरीज थे. ऐसे शवों को नदी के
तथा कोरोना संक्रमण फै लने की संभावनाएं संभावना बढ़ जाती है
Rituals: Gujarat HC observed that state government limit of allowing 50 and 20 persons’ limit for marriages and funerals respec
increases the speed of Corona. This many people need not be present. Case Study Q: if its a marriage in your own family, and
adamant in inviting 50 people, what will you do? कोरोना समय में शादी ब्याह में 50 लोगों को आमंत्रित करने की क्या जरूरत है, यह संख्या बहुत ज्यादा है- ऐसा गुजरात हाई
CHINA warned Bangladesh against joining the US-led Quad alliance, saying that Bangladesh participation in the anti-Beijing “clu
damage” to bilateral relations. चीन ने बांग्लादेश को धमकी दी है कि अगर QUAD समूह में जुड़े तो हमारे आपसी रिश्तो में भारी नुकसान के लिए तैयार रहना. लेकिन उससे भी ज्यादा
बड़ा 'विश्व गुरु' कै से हो गया कि उसे quad में शामिल होने का निमंत्रण मिला है!!? यह तो वही बात हो गई कि मिमोह चक्रवर्ती/आफताब शिवदासानी को Avenger चलचित्र मैं रॉबर्ट डाउनी जूनियर
G7 Summit 2021 at Cornwall, Britain in 2021-June. But, PM Modi will not travel to the summit in person/Physically because of th
Pak PRIME MINISTER Imran Khan says Pakistan would not hold talks with India until India reverses its 2019's decision of scrap
special status of Jammu and Kashmir. This is interesting. Just a few weeks back their army general was talking about peace and
some local election is coming so Pak PM has changed the tone of his pipudi. कु छ दिनों पहले तो पाकिस्तानी प्रधानमंत्री भारत के साथ शांति मंत्रणा की पीपुल ब
अलापना शुरू किया है- कि 2019 में भारत सरकार ने संवैधानिक रूप से जम्मू कश्मीर को दिए गए खास श्रेणी को हटा दिया जब तक उसे पुनः स्थापित नहीं करते तब तक हम शांति मंत्रणा के लिए नहीं
Death: K R Gouri Amma- female minister in the first democratically elected Communist government of 1957 in Kerala. Associate
Kerala Agrarian Relations Bill. Died at the age of 102, political Career of eighth decades. Associated with CPI(M) party.
Central Vista Avenue: Aims to build new Parliament building and other administrative buildings in Delhi. Second time PIL in SC t
spending during Corona pandemic wave 2.0. However, Union government has responded that the petition should be rejected a
on the activists. संसद भवन और अन्य सरकारी भवनों के निर्माण का सेंट्रल विस्टा प्रोजेक्ट रद्द करना चाहिए-क्योंकि वह कोरोना में वह पैसों की बर्बादी है और मजदूरों को भी कोरोना का जोखिम
के खिलाफ कें द्र सरकार ने कहा है कि यह प्रोजेक्ट हम बंद नहीं कर सकते, ऐसे आंदोलनकारियों पर कोर्ट ने मोटा दंड लगाना चाहिए.
ALLAHABAD High Court observed that “the Election Commission, the Higher Courts and the Government failed to foresee the di
permitting the elections in few States and the Panchayat elections in UP, which has aggravated the Corona situation. Now some
what is the point of preparing all this? Ans. for the essay or interview - there may be some questions where you will have to cri
coronavirus wave 2.0. At that time your arguments need to be rational that Madras High Court, Allahabad High Court and Delhi
निबंध और इंटरव्यू में कु छ ऐसे प्रश्न जहां पर सरकार की आलोचना करने की जरूरत हो तो अपने मुंह से निजी अनुभव नहीं बताना है कि "मेरे फ्रें ड के साथ ऐसा हुआ था इसलिए कें द्र सरकार या राज्य सर
है उस हिसाब से नकारात्मक पहलू बता देना है.
May 12, the birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale (Britain), is celebrated as World Nursing Day.
Geometric Energy Corporation is a startup company that created the DOGE-1 cubeset Mini satellite for moon voyage. Elon Musk
agreed to launch it with Falcon 9 rocket and accepted the payment from Startup, in the form of Dodgecoins- This is the first cas
payment is made with cryptocurrency. Dogecoin was invented as a joke by two software developers who passed the digital ima
dog on to the crypto currency they created. एक स्टार्टअप कं पनी का उपग्रह चांद पर भेजने के लिए, एलॉन मस्क कि स्पेसएक्स कं पनी ने भुगतान dogecoin नामक क्रिप्टो मुद्रा
बार हुआ है. कहीं ऐसा तो नहीं कि गंजेड़ी एलॉन मस्क ने कु छ दिन पहले सैटरडे नाइट लाइव टीवी कार्यक्रम में जानबूझकर अंट-शंट बकवास करके dogecoin की कीमतों को गिराया ताकि वह उसे सस्
space/satellite वाली न्यूज़ रिलीज करवा रहा है ताकि वापस dogecoin की कीमतें बढ़ जाए? और वह बड़े मुनाफे पर dogecoin बेच सकें ? लगता है कि कोचिंग माफियागिरी सस्ता धंधा है
Medicine-Baricitinib: Anti Corona drug by US pharma giant Eli Lilly. Company has issued royalty-free, voluntary licences to three
Sun Pharmaceuticals and Lupin — to manufacture this.
Medicine-Ivermectin: Goa state government announced that all aged 18/> will be given anthelmintic drug Ivermectin (oral med
coronavirus symptoms. Anthelmintic are a group of antiparasitic drugs that kill parasitic worms (helminths) and other internal p
Corona patients, this drug prevents the attachment of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike
membrane. Various studies in the US, UK Japan, Germany showed that if Ivermectin is administered in advance- Corona mortal
Health Organisation (WHO), have advised against the use of Ivermectin for Covid. (गोवा राज्य सरकार ने तय किया है कि इवरमेक्टिन नाम की कृ मि-मारक
करोना हो या ना हो ,क्योंकि इस दवाई को लेने पर कोरोना संक्रमण में मृत्यु की संभावना कम हो जाती है ऐसा कु छ विदेशी प्रयोगों से मालूम हुआ है.
B-1617 variant of coronavirus, first identified in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, India, has been classified as a “variant of conc
World Health Organisation (WHO).
Vaccine divide: OVER 40 per cent of Mumbai's 1.3 crore population lives in slums. Many of them do not have a smartphone or a
The government's insistence on registering and booking slots online through CoWIN App makes it especially difficult for these s
in short supply So even after getting a slot a person may have to revisit the same clinic multiple Times / Wait in long queues. S
can not afford to lose their daily wage to get vaccinated. मुंबई की झोपड़पट्टी में रहने वाले गरीबों के पास, ना तो कोरोनावायरस टीकाकरण का पंजीकरण करवाने के लिए मो
कर कतार में खड़ा रहने का समय।
Kerala model of Oxygen federalism: KERALA state government informed the Centre that it would not be able to provide oxygen
Kerala own cases will jump to 6 lakh by May 15. So, Kerala State government has asked the Centre to run ‘Oxygen Express’ tra
Nadu, Kerala and Telangana to provide the liquid medical oxygen (LMO) to these Southern states. के रल राज्य सरकार, जिसका "मॉडल" वैसे तो
राज्यों को ऑक्सीजन आपूर्ति नहीं कर पाएंगे क्योंकि हमारे राज्य में 6 लाख लोगों को कोरोना संक्रमण होने वाला है इसलिए हमारे खुद के वान्धे हो गए हैं, अभी के रल के इस "सहकारी संघवाद" पर _ _
का विषय है.
Death: Fortunato Franco - footballer from India's last Asian Games gold winning football team in 1962.
Bamboo cricket bat: Traditionally the cricket bats are made from English willow wood. Researchers develop bats from bamboo.
40% heavier and more robust than traditional english willow wood bats. So, batsmen will be able to hit the ball much harder. 2
6 years, While English willow takes 15 years to mature. 3) India is the second largest cultivator of bamboo after China. Great po
cricket bats across the globe. Challenge? However, cricket rules require that Bat must be made consist solely of wood, whereas
rules will have to be updated/Amended to permit this.
Book: The Premonition: A Pandemic Story Author: Michael Lewis, Financial journalist

India and Middle East: 1) As America steps back from the Middle East, most regional actors either need alternate patrons (Russ
weapons/funding. However neither Russian or China has the same level of money / weapons power like the USA, to help Middle
these countries are now looking to normalise relations with their neighbouring countries, disregarding the previous Shia/Sunni c
normalise relations with Saudi Arabia and Egypt. 2) Saudi Arabia Trying to normalise relations with Qatar and Iran. “Abraham A
President Donald Trump: Israel was recognized as a country by UAE, Bahrain, Morocco and Sudan. 3) Middle East nations can n
tropes like pan-Islamism, pan-Arabism, or anti- Americanism. Now they will have to to look towards Nationalism, economic inter
India kept good relations with all the middle Eastern countries and did not meddle with any of their internal/domestic/neighbou
Turkey under President Erdogan, continues to remain hostile/non-friendly against India. 5) On the other hand Pakistan couldno
the Middle East/Israel, So its relationships have suffered. 6) When Pakistani foreign minister criticized Saudi-led Organisation of
Opposing India's Constitutional changes on J&K, → Saudis Started asking Pakistan to repay the loans. अमेरिका मध्य पूर्व एशिया से अपने पैर पी
मसीहा ढूंढ रहे हैं, हालांकि रशिया और चीन मसीहा बनने का ख्वाब तो देखते हैं, लेकिन हथियार और पैसों के रूप में इन देशों की अमेरिका की तुलना में मदद नहीं कर सकते/ अंततः मध्य पूर्व एशिया के
भूलकर पड़ोसियों के साथ रिश्ते बेहतर करने की कोशिश कर रहे हैं. जैसे तुर्की -सऊदी अरब और इजिप्ट के साथ तथा सऊदी अरब - कतर और ईरान के साथ अपने रिश्ते सुधारने में लगे हैं. भारत ने इन
और उनके आंतरिक मसलों में या पड़ोसियों के साथ झगड़ों में हमने किसी का पक्ष नहीं लिया. इसके विपरीत पाकिस्तान अपनी विदेश नीति को ठीक से बना नहीं पाया, और मध्यपूर्व के साथ उसके रिश्ते ख
2018- Paris-based Financial Action Task Force (FATF, HQ Paris) put Pakistan on the grey list For money laundering and terror F
Demanded Pakistan to demonstrate that 1) Pakistani government has prosecuted criminals involved in Money laundering and te
sanctions against all designated terrorists. If Pakistan manages to prove this by June 2021 then it may be removed from the gre
towards Pakistan have already fallen because of the grey list + Corona, So Imran Khan government is under tremendous pressu
like Hafiz Saeed. धन शोधन और आतंकी वित्तपोषण से लड़ने के लिए पाकिस्तान पर अंतरराष्ट्रीय दबाव और बढ़ रहा है.
Al- Aqsa mosque: East Jerusalem. Israel police entered, after clashes between Jews and Muslims.

Sport ethics: Tokyo Olympics Sportsmen are having following doubts 1) False positives: What happens if an athlete tests positiv
is forced to sit out and it then emerges as a false positive case? 2) In team sports, if one player tests positive, Will the entire te
participating? 3) Safety: all athletes need to be given individual rooms with private bathrooms to avoid catching infection From
organisers should provide free medical-grade masks during the Games, But presently the organizers are requiring athletes to br
Britain has appointed naturalist Sir David Attenborough as "People’s Advocate" for UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) to b
Glasgow, Scotland. Role of people's advocate? 1) He will address world leaders at major international events over the next six m
Summit in Cornwall, Britain. 2) he will address world leaders and the public at the Glasgow Summit. स्कॉटलैंड में होने वाली संयुक्त राष्ट्र जलवायु
"जनता का वकील" नियुक्त किया गया है, और वह दुनिया के सब बड़े नेताओं को संबोधित करेंगे, यह जानकर ग्रेटा थनबर्ग को मजा आएगा, या फिर कि उसे बुरा लगा है कि मुझे 'जनता का वकील' क्यों न
रखनी होगी.
Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi): BEFORE Business Responsibility Report (BRR) rules. AFTER: Business Responsib
(BRSR) 2021. This role requires top 1000 listed companies to disclose ESG (environmental, social and governance) risks and op
नियम लगाया है कि उन्होंने "व्यवसाय जिम्मेदारी और स्थिरता रिपोर्ट" प्रकाशित करनी होगी जिसमें पर्यावरण सामाजिक और कॉरपोरेट्स शासन से जुड़े हुए जोखिम और अवसरों के बारे में जानकारी देनी हो

China's Long March 5B rocket was used to send a module to its Tianhe space station. When a rocket is launched, its discarded b
atmosphere and falls back to Earth, usually in an uninhabited area. But Chinese rocket / space debris fell in an uncontrolled ma
has criticized Chinese space agency for being irresponsible. चीनी रॉके ट के अवशेष मालदीव के करीब गिरे, नासा ने चीनी अवकाश संस्था के अवकाश कचरे के प्रबंधन के
(GSM2) Separation of powers: Union government's "Liberalized and Accelerated National Covid-19 Vaccination Strategy" came i
provides that 1) vaccine manufacturers would sell 50% of their monthly production to Union & sell remaining 50% to entities “o
i.e., state governments & private hospitals- Which will be given to 18-44-years age group. 2) Two set of different prices for Cen
government has made informal consultations with vaccine manufacturers to ensure that price remains the same for Union and S
Beneficiaries need not pay the price because state governments have declared that they will give it free of cost. Supreme Court
Policy. So, Union Government's stand: 1) Our vaccination policy had been framed to ensure equitable distribution, with the limit
policy was “just, equitable, non-discriminatory". 3) “policy conforms to mandate of Article 14 and Article 21 of the Constitution o
several rounds of consultation and discussion with experts, State Government and vaccine manufacturers 4) policy requires no
dealing with a pandemic of this magnitude, the Executive does have a room for free play in the joints, in larger public interest.
उत्पादित वैक्सीन का आधा हिस्सा कें द्र सरकार को बेचा जाएगा और बाकी का आधा हिस्सा राज्य सरकार तथा निजी अस्पतालों को बेचा जाएगा. राज्य सरकारी यह वैक्सीन मुफत में लाभार्थियों को देगी औ
वह निजी अस्पतालों में खुद से खरीद भी सकते हैं. यह टीकाकरण नीति समता के सिद्धांत पर बनाई गई है और कोर्ट ने इसमें दखल देने की जरूरत नहीं है ऐसा कें द्र सरकार का कहना है
If a person becomes minister but not yet elected to either upper/lower house of the respective Union or state Legislature then h
months. Such by-election to the vacancies in Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha must be held within a reasonable period of time- but
exact time is 'reasonable'. Representation of peoples act Section 153: By election must be held within six months from the vaca
/ compulsion to Election Commission of India such as 1) IF state government recommends to ECI to hold by-election earlier, th
cognizance. 2) if a person elected as leader of the biggest Legislature Party in the Assembly is yet to become an MLA, he or she
announcing his intention to contest from a vacant seat. A colleague can resign from a seat to facilitate the election. In this case
cognizance. 3) But by-election can be delayed if the electoral rolls are not updated. 4) Different court different orders: Kerala H
Sabha while Madras HC saying ECI should be charged with murder case. So it remains to be seen how Election Commission app
CM Mamta Banerjee's election within 6 months. यदि कोई व्यक्ति मंत्री बन जाता है लेकिन सदन में विधायक या सांसद के रूप में चुना नहीं गया तो 6 महीने में उसने चुनाव जी
उसकी स्पष्ट समयसीमा संविधान में तो नहीं लिखी गई किं तु जनप्रतिनिधित्व कानून में उपचुनाव 6 महीने के भीतर करने की बात है. यहां पर चुनाव आयोग संज्ञान में ले सकता है - यदि सदन की सबसे बड़ी
करवाने के लिए पत्र लिखें, राज्य सरकार की तरफ से यदि ऐसा कोई पत्र लिखा जाए. हालांकि कोरोनावायरस मैं जब मद्रास हाईकोर्ट ने चुनाव आयोग को फटकार लगाई है तो क्या उसी का इस्तेमाल करते
उपचुनाव न आयोजित कर, ममता बनर्जी का मुख्यमंत्री पद काटने की कोशिश होगी कि नहीं, इस पर विशेषज्ञ चिंतित.
Age of politicians: When a person became PM/President What was his age? USA-Barack Obama 47. UK David Cameron was 43.
Modi- 64 (2014, first term). So while India has median age of 26, but PM/CM is mostly above 60 age. For the last 20 years, the
MPs has always been above 50. According to Census 2011, around 11 per cent of the Indian population comes in the age brack
2019, hardly 1.5 per cent MPs came in 25-30 age group. Younger PM/CM/leaders required to bring about change in a faster ma
system of the younger generation - with respect to gender / women reservation, LGBT, caste, religion politics. विकसित देशों में प्रायः उन
होते हैं जबकि भारत में हालांकि ज्यादातर आबादी नौजवान है किं तु मुख्यमंत्री, प्रधानमंत्री, राष्ट्रपति की उम्र सामान्य रूप से 60 साल से ऊपर की होती है. ऐसे बुजुर्गों /पुरानी पीढ़ी के नेताओं की मूल्य व्यव
विविध मुद्दों पर राजनीति अलग किसम से चलती रहती है.
Appointment: BJP's Himanta Sarma to replace Sarbananda Sonowal as the Chief Minister of Assam.
Lewis Hamilton wins Spanish Grand Prix racing championship
Role of Diaspora: Bihar and Jharkhand Association of North America (BJANA)- these NRI doctors created ‘Pran Covid-19 Helplin
session, They provide 1) “general information” regarding Covid-19 2) special webinars on weekends 3) one-on-one online medi
telemedicine call to the patient directly, - all free of cost.
China has shown reluctance to clear a $6 billion loan for the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor's Mainline-I railway due to the gr
will not be able to repay the debt. सोचो चीन भी पाकिस्तान को लोन/कर्जा देने से डर रहा है, कि इमरान खान वापस कर पाएगा कि नहीं.
Bioterrorism/Bioweapons: news agency ANI released a research paper Authored by Chinese scientists. The document revealed
be fought on bioweapons 2) Chinese military scientists were discussing the weaponization of SARS coronaviruses five years bef
So now News Agency believes that Coronavirus was created for military use by Chinese Government and it was accidentally rele
pandemic. यानी कि चीनी सरकार द्वारा कोरोनावायरस को जैविक हथियार के रूप में 5 साल पहले से बनाना शुरू किया गया था, ऐसा अखबारी संस्था का दावा है.
Hacking ransomware: A ransomware attack is a cyberattack using malware that encrypts the victim’s files and requires users pa
files. USA's Energy Company Colonial Pipeline - forced to shutdown operation after hackers locked its computers with ransomwa
company was forced to pay a ransom of $5 million in Bitcoins to Eastern European/Russian hacker group known as 'Darkside' P
Technologies help in automation of the companies but also make them more vulnerable to such attacks. Such attack on energy
endangers the energy / economic security but also endangered the lives of Corona patients. अमेरिका में हैकर द्वारा ऊर्जा कं पनियों को हैक किया जा
जिससे ऊर्जा सुरक्षा और कोरोना मरीजों की जान जोखिम में है
NEPOTISM Gang: A CONTROVERSY in Uttarakhand over BJP MLA's 25- year-old son getting the anti coronavirus vaccine despite
people in his age group is yet to begin in the state. Although his MLA father maintains that my son is a Corona front line Warrio
Points to consider: News of favouritism / nepotism increases the cynicism of the public towards politicians and civil servants, An
towards engaging in corruption thinking that without corruption it is not possible to get anything done. विधायक के बेटे को भाई भतीजावाद के
ऐसी घटनाएं प्रकाश में आती हैं तो लोगों का नेताओं तथा सरकारी बाबू से विश्वास कम होता है, और जनता यह सोचने लगती है कि कोई भी काम बिना रिश्वत या सिफारिश के नहीं होता है, इसलिए वे बि
की फिराक में लगे रहते हैं.
Greed: British Queen Elizabeth's cousin, Prince Michael, has been caught offering Russian investors "Confidential information ab
At the price of 10,000 pounds a day. Lesson? Greed, corruption, sedition, and traitorous tendencies are not confined only to thi
Prince in a developed country involved in it. It is not the lack of money but the greed for more money that makes a rich and fam
such nefarious activities. महारानी एलिजाबेथ के चचेरे भाई ने रशियन जासूसों को कहा कि मुझे 1 दिन के 10000 पाउंड दोगे तो मैं अपने देश की गुप्त जानकारी आपको ऑनलाइन मीटिंग
देशद्रोह और गद्दारी में लिप्त हो, तो सामान्य जनता से क्या ही देशभक्ति की उम्मीद रखी जाए चाहे यूट्यूब पर देशभक्ति के कितने वीडियो बना लो.
Greed / Grave-robbers / Dignity of dead bodies: Uttar Pradesh Baghpat police arrests 7 people for stealing clothes and items fro
crematorium and reselling them. They were doing it for the last 10 years so it is not out of desperation for corona-business loss
so morally degraded, Where even dead bodies are not respected, it is difficult to expect ethical behaviour from the living- family
Government all not fulfilled their responsibilities. उत्तर प्रदेश में मृत व्यक्तियों के कपड़े कफन और चीज वस्तुओं को कब्रिस्तान में से हुई चोरी करके बेचा जा रहा था. जब किसी
हो की मृत शरीरों की भी गरिमा का सम्मान नहीं किया जाता तो, उधर क्या ही नीतिमत्ता और इमानदारी की उम्मीद रखी जाए- जब परिवार, शिक्षक, समाज, सरकार अपनी जिम्मेदारियां भूल गए हैं या चूक
State denialism: In corona wave 2.0: UP is witnessing oxygen / Ventilator/Hospital bed/Medicine shortage. However, chief minis
that there is no shortage of oxygen in any private or public COVID hospital in Uttar Pradesh. He asked officials to take action un
and the Gangsters Act against “anti-social elements” who spread “rumours” and propaganda on social media and try to “spoil th
Children had died in hospital due to oxygen shortage at that time to there was State Denialism. Lesson? Epidemic diseases are
societies capriciously and without warning. Every society produces its own specific vulnerabilities.To Study them, we need to un
Structure, its standard of living, and its political priorities. राज्य सरकार द्वारा कोरोनावायरस और ऑक्सीजन की आपूर्ति की कमी से ही इनकार. और यदि कोई इस प्रकार
कानून के अंतर्गत, समाज का माहौल बिगाड़ने के लिए गिरफ्तार किया जाएगा. महामारी कोई यादृच्छिक घटना नहीं है हर समाज ने स्वयं ही अपने को महामारी के प्रति भेद्य और कमजोर बनाया है- यदि समा
राजनीतिक प्राथमिकताओं का अध्ययन किया जाए - तो हम अपने आप समझ पाएंगे की महामारी का प्रकोप इतना ज्यादा क्यों है?
Recency bias: is a psychological phenomenon where we give more importance to recent events compared to what happened a
coronavirus 2.0 is being blamed on 1) political parties' mass ralleys/campaigns for vidhansabha elections in Tamilnadu Kerala W
mela. However since November-2020 many mass-events could be causing the spread of virus 1) Farmer agitation near Delhi bo
lakh people visited Goa to celebrate! 3) Makar Sankranti, Lohri, Pongal Celebrations In mid-January, Holi in March end. ताजी घटनाओं
हुई ताजी घटनाओं को ज्यादा महत्व देकर सारी समस्याएं / सारी सफलताओं का सेहरा उसी पर बांध दें- जैसे कि सिर्फ चुनाव प्रचार और कुं भ मेले को ही कोरोना महामारी की दूसरी लहर के लिए दोष आ
आंदोलन, नए वर्ष के पार्टी समारोह, और विविध त्योहारों में जमकर कोरोना नियमों की धज्जियां उड़ाई गई थी- यानी कि यह लहर काफी समय से धीरे-धीरे अपना स्वरूप धारण कर ही रही.
Compassion for Kids: Children feel everything intensely and go through a periodic see-saw of emotions esp in Corona Lockdown
depression, profound anxiety, intense sadness. lack of appetite,poor concentration, school/study avoidance, nightmares, irritabi
from activities and friendships. How do parents teachers relatives? 1) Children need to be told that all the emotions are normal.
through problem-solving, compassion, creativity and flexibility 3) address the emotions of children in an age-appropriate manne
negative emotion overload, 4) Ask them to create gratitude journals- Thanking everyone who has made their life happier. कोरोना
लगना, पढ़ाई में ध्यान न लगना, बुरे सपने, क्रोध/गुस्सा- इत्यादि का शिकार होते हैं तब मां-बाप और शिक्षकों की जिम्मेदारी बनती है कि बच्चों की इन संवेदनाओं को संबोधित करें उन्हें रचनात्मक प्रवृत्तियों
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋NATIONAL ASSET Reconstruction Company Ltd (NARCL) / bad bank announced in Budget 2021- 22,is expected to b
already covered in Win21 series Pillar1B.
GST on Vaccines: West Bengal CM Mamta Banerjee wrote to the Finance ministry To remove the GST on vaccines (5%) and cor
finance minister has rejected the demand saying if GST -0% then Vaccine manufacturer will not get input tax credit (ITC), Then
the final product and it will increase the price burden on the customer /Patient. वैक्सीन पर अगर वस्तु एवं सेवा कर को शून्य कर दिया गया तो वैक्सीन बना
मिलेगा तो असल में वह वैक्सीन को ग्राहकों के लिए महंगा कर देगी इसलिए वित्त मंत्रालय वैक्सीन पर से जीएसटी हटाने के हक में नहीं है
5G or fifth generation is the latest upgrade in the long-term evolution (LTE) mobile broadband networks. 5Gmainlyworks in 3 ba
high frequency spectrum. 1) The low band spectrum has a large coverage area but it has limited speed. 2) The mid-band spect
compared to the low band, but coverage area and penetration of signals is weak. 3) The high-band spectrum offers the highest
but has extremely limited coverage and signal penetration strength. 4) The Department of Telecom decided to defer the auction
presently telecom companies do not have enough money / profit to bid high amounts. So even if the spectrum is auctioned, the
good amount of money.
Cryptocurrency Mania & Social media: billionaire Elon Musk had been making tweets about Dogecoin Cryptocurrency. So many
and started purchasing it at very high prices resulting in price rise by 16,000% in 2020. Now 2021- billionaire Elon Musk, appea
comedy show” said "Dogecoin is a hustle" ["Hustling"' is a word associated with cheating and defrauding in sales through fake c
telecast of this comedy show, Price of Dogecoin (against dollar) fell by nearly 30%. Lesson? People are losing hard earned savin
craze for cryptocurrencies. Corona led job loss making them invest in such risky manner. Cryptocurrencies are not backed by an
Government regulation necessary. गंजेड़ी एलोन मस्क की ट्वीट के चलते डोजकॉइन नाम की क्रिप्टो मुद्रा का दाम आसमान छू रहा था किं तु उसी गंजेड़ी ने 'सैटरडे नाइट लाइव' नामक
तरकीब/धोखाधड़ी बताया- जिसके चलते वापस इस क्रिप्टो मुद्रा का दाम गिरने लगा है. तो कई बाबू शोनो की जीवन भर की कमाई इसमें डू बने के कगार पर है.
Mucormycosis: a black fungal infection occurring as a post-coronavirus complication. ultimately result in loss of vision if not trea
use of steroids in diabetes patients responsible for vulnerability to this disease. Antifungal injection Amphotericin-B required. Gu
Task force because of the severity of mucormycosis cases in the state. Myucomercosis is not contiguous; it does not spread thr
oxygenation. The fungus is present in a closed and open area and enters the respiratory system through air.
Union government new guidelines on Corona patient admission 1) positive test for Corona not required for admission to a Covid
will be refused services on any count. This includes medications such as oxygen or essential drugs even if the patient belongs t
admissions must be based on need and beds should not be occupied by persons who don't need hospitalization. यानी कि कु छ लोग जिन
लेकिन फालतू में ही "मेरी छाती में दर्द हो रहा है, मुझे ऑक्सीजन सिलेंडर दो" बोलकर हॉस्पिटल बेड पर कब्जा जमाए हुए हैं-तभी तो सरकार ने अपनी दिशा निर्देश में इसका जिक्र किया है. उसी तरह जि
करने की कै पेसिटी नहीं लेकिन फिर भी दशकों तक दिल्ली में अड्डा जमा कर बैठे रहते हैं कि "मैं यूपीएससी की तैयारी कर रहा हूं." और आजकल तो वेब सीरीज मैं यूपीएससी तैयारी का ग्लोरिफिके शन/महिमा
सकती है.
Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)'s new oral drug 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) drug can provide early rel
among the Corona patients. Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI) granted emergency use permission to it. कोरोना मरीज यह दवाई मुं
होगी.
SUPREME Court set up a 12-member National Task Force (NTF), including top experts and doctors for formulating a methodolo
of oxygen to states and UTs (Union Territories). Although the name of the chairman is not given in the news report, or may be,

VACCINE MAITRI: India gave 6.6 cr Vaccine doses to 93 countries. This enough to vaccinate all adults in Delhi and Mumbai- if t
earlier the corona wave 2.0 & oxygen/remdesivir shortage would be less severe. यानी कोई आदमी "विश्वगुरु" बनने निकले, लेकिन खुद के बच्चों को वजीरा
Government Data: 50,000 Covid patients in India are currently in intensive care units, 14,500 are on ventilator support, 1.37 lak
oxygen support. Parallelly on Twitter: 1.16 lakh tweets demanding release of Asaram Bapu.
Book: India’s Power Elite: Caste, Class And Cultural Revolution BY SANJAYA BARU. Earlier he had written a book "the accidenta
Manmohan Singh.
Book: Bengal and Partition: An Untold Story By Bhaswati Mukherjee
Death: KK Tiwari, a scorer with the Board of Control for Cricket in India, passed away because of Covid-19
Death: Hockey player and women hockey coach Maharaj Krishan Kaushik. Winner of 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Arjuna
He wrote book The Golden Boot.
Death: Hockey player Ravindra Pal Singh - Winner of 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.
IQ vs EQ: "businesses on spreadsheets has become a passé/useless, When Corona pandemic has caused new challenges like m
falling sick/dead, supply chain management disruptions, Work from home causing new set of emotional distress/Family dispute
combine emotional quotient (EQ) and intelligence quotient (IQ). IQ and EQ Should not be seen as two different binaries, but as
IIM-A chairperson Kumar Mangalam Birla Convocation speech, भावनात्मक गुणक और बौद्धिक गुणक को दो अलग-अलग एकम के रूप में ना देखते हुए, उनका एकीकर
सिर्फ एक्सेल फाइल में लीपापोती करने से धंधा नहीं चल सकता जब आपकी फै क्ट्री के मजदूर पलायन कर रहे हो, मर रहे हो, वर्क -फ्रॉम-होम वाले कर्मचारी भी मानसिक तनाव/पारिवारिक समस्याओं से पी

Lack of empathy while in a group: IIM-A Director Errol D’Souza Convocation speech- 1) Being a part of the group somehow low
accountability and de-individuated its members. e.g. In 2002 riots in Gujarat, prayer was held at Sabarmati Ashram but some h
journalist. Prof D’Souza asked the Gandhian who were sitting in prayer to fetch water for the wounded photographer But none
Gandhians in that meeting were relying on cues from the overt reactions of the others in the group to figure out what course of
(around) to understand how others are reacting. We become indifferent to others’ sufferings and intervene less when there are
not helping that person. That is disturbing, because it means even if we agree as to what constitutes wrongdoing or to what req
we may not act on that knowledge 2) Enron scandal of 2001, doping scandals in sports, Fake encounter/corruption by police pe
instances of group loyalty fostering cultures of crime by demanding members' silence to others’ crimes/transgression. 3) We are
(volatility,uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity) world. differences in perspectives, thoughts and insights that often enable dec
spots and find creative ways to address problems. But "group thinking" prevents difference of opinion in meetings/decision mak
others in the group. 4) During a road accident, if group of bystanders, then no one will help but if a single bystander he is more
"समूह/भीड़" का हिस्सा होते हैं तो व्यक्तिगत जिम्मेदारी/जवाबदेही कम हो जाती है, और हम कई बार गलत चीजों पर भी अपनी आवाज नहीं उठाते/ मौन / मुक प्रेक्षक बने रहते हैं, हैं क्योंकि उस समूह या

Unemployment in USA: 42% small businesses had job vacancies but could not fill in March 2021 while 80 lakh Americans are re
Allowance cheques from Government. Reason for this contrast: Many jobless/lazy/fearful people are preferring to stay at home
allowance cheque, instead of going out for work in the times of Corona. Lesson: Countercyclical fiscal policy ke naam pe Giving
may result in such a negative outcome. So Government money should be given conditionally for doing some work, and not for s
सरकार बेरोजगारी-भत्ता दे रही है तो बहुत सारे कामचोर/आलसी लोग नौकरी पर जा ही नहीं रहे हैं और बहुत सारी छोटे उद्योगों को श्रमिक/मजदूर मिल नहीं रहे हैं, जबकि वे छोटी उद्योगपति लोगों को नौक
BANKS Board Bureau (BBB, a non-constitutional non-statutory body under the department of financial services under Finance m
for selecting chairmen, CEOs and MDs of public sector banks and insurance companies—has chosen Mini Ipe and BC Patnaik as
Insurance Corporation (LIC). Inderjeet Singh for the position of CMD in United India Insurance Company and Suchita Gupta for
National Insurance Company. (BizGK for non-IAS Bank-Insurance exams)
Lockdown: KARNATAKA over 45,000 Covid cases daily in the past week, so the State government imposed a total lockdown from
the chain of Covid transmission. सोचो इस राज्य के इंटरव्यू कैं डिडेट यूपीएससी पैनल को क्या जवाब देंगे "हमारी राज्य सरकार और हमारे लोग, कोरोना के प्रति बहुत ही गंभीर और जिम्
ही बीमार हो रहे हैं." क्योंकि कोचिंग वाले हमेशा यही सिखाते हैं कि अपने राज्य के बारे में कु छ खराब नहीं बोलना है, सब कु छ सकारात्मक रूप से बोलना है.
Corona variant, called B.1.617, first found in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, has received a lot of attention because of its abilit
and, possibly, also to evade the immune response. HEALTH AUTHORITIES in England have labelled it as a variant of concern (V

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs( NSAIDs): these medicines are common treatments for acute pain and rheumatological d
arthritis. Previously it was thought that NSAIDs Will create dangerous side effects on Corona patients. But new research says th
Covid-19 vaccine manufactured by China’s Sinopharm: recieved emergency use authorisation from WHO. So, it may be Given to
countries free of cost under UN-backed COVAX programme.
CoWIN portal: If a person is registered but he does not get vaccination because of vaccine shortage / missing appointment, Stil
messages that "User has received vaccination." So, A NEW feature has been added to the CoWIN portal. Now, anyone who has
have to produce a four digit security code /OTP t the vaccination centre to verify themselves.
Secularism: Oil PSUs — IOC, ONGC, GAIL, BPCL and HPCL — have committed Rs 100 crore for the redevelopment of Badrinath
shrines of Hindus, as a spiritual smart hill town. Counter argument: Govt companies' money could have been used for fixing oxy
2.0 instead of developing religious sites. Counter-counter argument: Infrastructure development will boost tourism, Constructio
of jobs.
Death: Music composer Vanraj Bhatia (Mumbai) won National Award and Padma Shri. Associated with music of Bharat Ek khoj,
Waagle ki Duniya, Banegi Apni Baat and Tamas etc.
Death: Dhirubhai L Sheth, political scientist and philosopher. member of the National Commission for Backward Classes from 19
Appointment: AINRC leader N Rangasamy was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Puducherry. He will lead a coalition governmen
cabinet
Compassion for death row criminals: USA's South Carolina State government is unable to get lethal injections from pharmaceuti
criminals facing death penalty. So the state government is now enacting a bill/law that death-row criminals will face either A) el
when lethal injection is not possible. Human right activists are opposed that death should be painless (like in Lethal injection wi
electric chair and firing squad are very painful. And if People are killed through firing squad then what is the difference between
and a dictatorship like North Korea?” Question: As an MLA in South Carolina Vidhan Sabha Will you vote in favour of this bill or
फार्मास्यूटिकल कं पनियों से जहरीला इंजेक्शन नहीं मिल रहा जिससे कि वह मृत्युदंड वाले कै दियों को मार सके . इसलिए राज्य सरकार ऐसा विधेयक लेकर आई है कि जहरीला इंजेक्शन नहीं मिला तो विद्युत
देंगे. मानव-अधिकार आंदोलनजीवी इसका विरोध कर रहे हैं की कै दी को दयापूर्ण तरीके से और बिना दर्द के मारना चाहिए-जो के वल जहरीले इंजेक्शन में संभव है क्योंकि उसमें नींद की दवाई भी मिलाई हो
नींद में ही मर जाता है. विधायक के रुप में आप इस बिल/विधेयक पर कै से वोट करेंगे?
Money landing in Corona: MONEY lenders have submitted memorandum to the District Collector demanding that 1) they be incl
they can keep their money lending shops open in Corona, as they lend money to the needy on gold and silver ornaments. 2) M
no work. They want to borrow money and banks are not passing the loans for purchasing remdesivir and oxygen cylinder in bla
lending shops are not allowed to open, people have to suffer a lot. 3) We are small players catering to the middle class and low
shops are allowed to open, the poor with benefit. But the policeman are forcibly shutting down our shops in the name of Coron
Collector (IAS) will you permit this or not? ब्याज पर पैसा घुमाने वाले साहूकार बोल रहे हैं कि हमको भी "आवश्यक सेवा" में गिना जाए और कोरोना में हमारी दुकानों को खोलने खु
अपने सोने जवाहरात गिरवी रख के ब्लैक में रेमदेसीविर इंजेक्शन और ऑक्सीजन सिलेंडर खरीद पाएंगे. वरना बैंक वाले तो इसके लिए लोन में पैसा देंगे नहीं! तो डिस्ट्रिक्ट कलेक्टर के रूप में उनकी इस अ
Religious belief in Corona: A video has become viral on social media showing a large number of women devotees took out a rel
yatra) in Sanand of Ahmedabad district, amid a raging Covid-19 pandemic. The community believed that prayers to Lord Baliyad
diseases including Covid-19. As Superintendent of Police (IPS) What will you do? "कोरोना से हमारे गांव को बचाने के लिए हम एक धार्मिक कलश यात्रा निका
वायरल हुआ तो पुलिस एसपी के रूप में आप क्या करेंगे?
Greed /Lack of cyber-awareness: Cybercriminals create a fake website. It mentioned that the Gujarat government had launched
free tablet for students who just completed class 12.The website had demanded Rs. 500 for registration. 71 Students duped. सर
नौकरियों का फॉर्म भरने में- फर्जी वेबसाइट बनाकर लोगों को बेवकू फ बनाया जा रहा है.
Disguise/sting operation: Pune Police Commissioner Krishna Prakash takes disguise of a bearded man "Jamal Kamal Khan" wea
And visits various Police stations to find 1) Pimpri Police Station refused to write his complain about emergency Ambulance Serv
him to visit another police station in the middle of the night. Thus, they were not sensitive towards the complainants," 2) In the
arrested on different charges,crammed in one lock-up violating Covid protocol of social distancing. पुराने जमाने में राजा महाराजा वेश बदलकर लो
आज पुलिस कमिश्नर ऐसा कर रहे हैं.
Black money: To discourage cash intensive economy and black money earlier Central Board of Direct taxes banned cash transac
because of coronavirus wave 2.0, CBDT allowed hospitals, dispensaries and Covid care centres to accept cash payments in exce
or kin till May 31. Although hospitals will have to keep a record of PAN or Aadhaar. points to consider 1) why is corona treatmen
lakh!? instead of controlling prices/loot-bazaar/encouraging cashless health insurance for everyone, why is govt allowing cash p
business! कोरोना का इलाज के लिए ₹200000 से ज्यादा कै श/नगदी में भुगतान करने के बाद, चड्डी-बनियान के अलावा और कु छ बचेगा कि नहीं, - यह भी गौर करने का विषय है.
Drosera-30 is a homeopathy syrup with 91% alcohol content. 9 villagers in Chhattisgarh consumed it as a substitute for liquor &
मिल रही तो होम्योपैथी की सिरप पी जा रही है)
Earlier Madras High Court remarked that Election Commission of India should be put on murder charges for not stopping politic
protocol. ECI complained about this remark to the Supreme Court. SC ruling: 1) Madras High Court comments were harsh and i
exercise caution in the off-the-cuff remarks in open court. Judicial language must be sensitive to the constitutional ethos. Judge
before using strong and scathing language to criticize an individual or institution. 2) Madras HC remarks were made orally and t
judicial record therefore the Supreme Court cannot expunge them. And the media has freedom of speech and expression so the
remarks- Because our legal system allows open access to courts to safeguard the constitutional freedoms. 3) Citizens have the
in the "open court" proceedings- This also ensures that judges act in accordance with law and probity. 4) However, Citizens don
exactly transpired the "closed/in-camera" proceedings involving rape cases, child abuse, matrimonial/divorce cases etc Where p
important. ("कोरोनावायरस के दौरान राजनीतिक दलों के प्रचार पर नियंत्रण न रखने के लिए चुनाव आयोग के खिलाफ हत्या का मुकदमा चलाना चाहिए", उस भाषा पर मद्रास हाई कोर्ट ने थोड़ा संय
है. हालांकि मीडिया को इस मुद्दे पर रिपोर्टिंग करने से सुप्रीम कोर्ट रोक नहीं सकता क्योंकि खुले कोर्ट सत्र में यह टिप्पणियां की गई थी, इसलिए नागरिकों को जानने का हक है.)
Death: Ajit Singh, son of Chaudhary Charan Singh, Leader of Rashtriya Lok Dal (RLD). He was Industries minister in VP Singh g
& Civil Aviation Minister In Manmohan Singh UPA government
MK Stalin: chief of DMK party sworn as chief minister of Tamilnadu.
G7 foreign ministers London Summit declaration- "We condemn China for abuse of human rights and using coercive economic p
of Taiwan in World Health Organisation." (स्वाभाविक है चीन को मजा नहीं आएगा, और यह जानकर भारत को डबल मजा आ जाएगा.)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Sri Lanka Bans Travellers from India due to Corona. I Wonder What the immature babu-shona interns of _ _ _ _ new
this decision of their Rockstar Hero Gotabaya Rajapaksa. (उन्होंने अखबार के वाचको को से माफी मांगनी चाहिए कि हम जरूरत से ज्यादा fanboy बन गए थे.)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Bangladesh Government sends 10000 vials of remdesivir injection to India as "Medical assistance on behalf of peopl
"Pharmacy of the world" भारत के क्या स्वर्णिम दिन आ गए हैं कि उसको बांग्लादेश से खैरात में इंजेक्शन लेने पड़ रहे हैं. यानी कि अब बांग्लादेश "विश्वगुरु" बन चुका है.)
Island of Jersey (UK): After BREXIT, Britain wants restriction of the EU-countries fishing boats in this area. Now both France an
ships to flex their muscles in this region. (मच्छीमारी के हक पर भारत-पाकिस्तान, भारत-श्रीलंका तो लड़ते झगड़ते रहते हैं, अब ब्रिटेन और फ्रांस भी लड़ रहे हैं और अपनी अपनी

Sport ethics: "Pitch sliding"- sport team support staff using Mobile phone to communicate the information to the bookies. Usual
before an information (about goal, runout, etc) is aired on television and based on that sport Gamblers place their bets. So if th
in advance, he gets upper hand. However technically it is not match fixing and therefore it is not illegal in UK and New Zealand.
Sport ethics: Sushil Kumar two time Olympic medalist wrestler accused of being involved in a brawl that resulted in death of 23
junior champion was residing in a house linked to Sushil Kumar but he was not vacating the house so musclemen were sent →
people get involved with shady-characters in real-estate to make money, and use muscleman to get house vacated instead of s
inevitable they'll end up in some controversy.
Securities and Exchange Board of India’s (Sebi’s) Harsh Bhanwala (ex-chairman, Nabard) technical group on social stock exchan
highlights: 1) In the social Stock Exchange: Following type of biz/organization/social venture fund (SVP) can issue shares/bonds
investment instruments for eradicating hunger, malnutrition, poverty, gender equality,LGBTQIA+ communities, rural sports, slu
affordable housing. 2) Minimum investment size in SVP- Rs.2 lakh 3) SVP will fall under category-I alternative investment fund (
(FP) and not-for-profit organisations (NPO) can open such schemes. But, “Corporate foundations, political or religious organisat
professional or trade associations, infrastructure and housing companies (except affordable housing) will not be permitted on so

WTO: South Africa and India had proposed patent waivers in TRIPS agreement i.e. Third world country Pharma Companies can
which were originally patented by 1st world countries pharma companies, without any fear of lawsuits from original researcher
was Opposed to the idea in 2020, but in 2021 they have agreed for it. Challenges? 1) Even if the technology is transferred but
transferred then vaccine cannot be developed 2) Apprehensions that third world Pharma Companies do not have the adequate
mechanisms to produce such vaccines 3) Pfizer vaccine requires very low temperature-Which may not be available in third worl
World Pharma Companies invested billions of dollars in research and development of the vaccines. if they are to be produced by
adequate compensation or royalty share then First World Pharma Companies will be demotivated in future to research more vac
Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA, New Delhi) is a new statutory body set up under the consumer protection act 20
advertisement and misleading claims. It has received complaint about an international air conditioner brand that is claiming to p
"destroying" coronavirus.
Cooperative federalism: PM-KISAN scheme provides 6000 rupees per year to farmers. The scheme was launched with effect fro
government has not yet implemented it, So their farmers are yet to receive a total 18000 rupees. West Bengal Government wan
give the money to the State Government and then the state government will release it to farmers, Whereas union government
money into farmers bank account. (राज्य सरकार चाहती है कि कें द्र पहले हमको पैसा दे फिर हम किसानों को पैसा देंगे जबकि कें द्र चाहता है कि हम सीधा कि किसानों को पैसा दे देंगे
2007: India and European Union started talks for free trade agreement but by 2013 the talks had stopped because Both side se
tax structure (Indian idol-argument), data security for IT sector etc. 2021: After 8 years now both India-EU have resumed the t
has recommended India to shed its 'big but poor mentality'- otherwise difficult to get any FTA concluded with USA/EU. (भारत सरका
GDP की साइज 3 ट्रिलियन डॉलर है लेकिन कि हम बहुत गरीब है इसलिए हम तो यूरोप से आने वाली चीजों पर टैक्स कम नहीं कर सकते लेकिन भारत से यूरोप निर्यात पुणे वाली चीजों पर कोई भी टैक्
इसलिए हमको इंडियन आईडल बना दो - तो आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण ने भी कहा है कि इस गरीब इंडियन आइडलवाली मानसिकता से भारत सरकार ने बाहर निकलना होगा वरना कोई अमेरिका या यूरोप की सरका
हस्ताक्षर नहीं करेगी)
PRINCIPAL Scientific Advisor to the Prime Minister: 1) 3rd wave of corona will come. But it is not clear on what timescale Phase
mutant variant” of the Coronavirus (B.1.617) responsible for corona wave 2.0
Supreme Court stays Delhi High Court proceeding for contempt against union government officers for not supplying oxygen to D
not to haul up officers for contempt. Such action will not bring oxygen. exercising powers under contempt jurisdiction will not so
When the country is facing a humanitarian crisis, the High court must aim at problem solving”."
CENTRAL DRUGS Standards Control Organisation (CDSCO) has provided an emergency use authorisation (EUA) for Roche Pharm
cocktail of casirivimab and imdevimab for the treatment of mild to moderate Covid-19 in India.
Canada becomes 1st country to authorise Pfizer vaccine for children as young as 12.

Indra Sawhney judgement that reservation should not exceed 50% unless“extra- ordinary circumstances. Maharashtra State Re
Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC) Act, 2018 giving 13% reservation to Maratha in public education and government emplo
Indra Sawhney limit, Article14 and 16 of the Constitution. Public employment is not sufficient to cater the needs of all, after priv
the economy 2) “Providing reservation in Government jobs is not the only method for improving the welfare of the backward cla
measures including education, skill development to enable the backward classes to be self-reliant. 3) when more people aspire
forwardness - country itself stagnates. 4) Marathas were classified as a Socially and Educationally Backward Class based on Jus
Commission. But, SC found the report data clearly proves that Marathas are not socially and educationally backward class. Mara
forward class and are in the mainstream of national life. 5) ‘To change the 50% limit is to have society based not on equality bu
government will have their separate list of SEBCs for providing reservation in state government jobs and education, whereas Pa
central list of SEBCs for central government jobs/admission. However, final say in regard to inclusion or exclusion (or modificati
with the President and then with Parliament. National Backward Classes Commission must publish a fresh list of SEBCs, both fo
Napoleon laid the foundation for the modern French state — its bureaucracy, education system, secularism and modernity — an
But, in Modern Times, Napoleon became a controversial figure within French Politics- a leader who supported slavery, systemic
Right-wing Political parties try to claim the Legacy of Napoleon to woo rural and small-town right-wing voter. French people’s vi
become a barometer for their political allegiance. 2021: French president Macron laid a wreath on Napoleon Bonaparte’s grave
death anniversary. Lesson? History keeps getting reinterpreted. The heroes of the past are now seen as villains.
Truth triumphs: Earlier startup company Whitehat Junior had invented a fake character 13 years old Wolf Gupta who allegedly g
Google! Then white hat junior company marketing executive will try to convince parents to purchase the online computer codin
engineer Pradeep Poonia Had been making continuous post against this nonsense so to silence him, Whitehat junior company h
defamation lawsuit on Pradeep Poonia. But finally the company has decided to withdraw this defamation suit. Lesson? Had Prad
campaign then the fake-marketing would have continued and many parents would have been fooled. It’s not just our right but
our freedom of speech. Whether it is the education sector or any other sector, whether you are a student, consumer, or parent
concerned citizen, please remember the strength of your voice depends on your own perseverance- said Pradeep Poonia.
RBI measures against Corona wave 2.0: 1) ₹50,000 on-tap liquidity window to give loans upto 3 years. interest rate? - repo rat
giving loans to vaccine makers, vaccine importers, medical device makers, hospitals, oxygen suppliers etc. 2) Special Three-yea
(SLTRO) of ₹10,000 cr. interest rate? - repo rate. Who can borrow? small finance banks (SFBs) who want to give fresh loans of
borrower to micro and small industries, and other unorganised sector entities. 3) G-SAP (government securities acquisition prog
will buy ₹35,000 cr ki G-Sec. 4) loan resolution/ recast frameworks for individuals, home loan, edu loans and MSMEs. Their tenu
2 extra years. However, mostly technical guidelines, nothing MCQ worthy. 5) Overdraft (Borrowing) facilities for the State Gove
days to 50 days per quarter. Refer to WMA topic lecture in the Win21 series Pillar1C for more. 6) no punitive action on banks /
Your Customer (KYC) updation till December 31, 2021.
Inflation: In ordinary times, coconut sells for 30 rupees per unit, but there has been a steep increase in inflation -- In fruits like
papaya etc. They are selling for anything between 70-100-150 rupees. because 1) Corona 2.0 wave - increased demand of fruit
demand by pickle industry In summer season.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Companies Act requires large companies to spend at least 2 per cent of their average pro
years on public welfare activities. MINISTRY of Corporate Affairs (MCA) on notified that any expenditure made by a company to
infrastructure for Covid- 19 treatment will also be counted in CSR.
Privatisation/Strategic disinvestment: The government owns 45.48 per cent in IDBI Bank, while LIC holds 49.24 percent. LIC is
IDBI Bank while the government is co-promoter. Cabinet has approved Strategic disinvestment -Privatisation Of IDBI so the gov
shareholding & use the ₹₹ to Finance development activities.
Pulmonary hypertension is a rare type of high blood pressure when the pressure in blood vessel leading from heart to lungs get
caused by genetic mutation in family, overweight, Exposure to asbestos etc. 5th May is observed as world pulmonary hypertens
Corona- Allahabad HC: death of Covid patients just for non-supplying of oxygen to the hospitals is a criminal act and not less th
Hospital fire reasons 1) Air conditioners need to be shutdown after continuously running for 15 to 16 hours 2) Due to Corona: m
/electric equipments are added beyond the the current capacity of the electric system of the hospital so it results in overheating
fume - Highly inflammable material (ज्वलनशील पदार्थ). 4) Proper ventilation not available 5) Automatic sprinkler system not available
died in the last 9 months in hospital fires across India.
Women in politics: Assam Vidhan Sabha 2021: only 6 out of 126 MLA are women - less than 5% only.

IPL Matches put on hold after players test covid positive. They may hold the remaining 31 matches of the IPL after the World T
Death: Jagmohan Malhotra. Governor of J&K in mid-80s. Minister for Urban Development in Vajpayee Government
BILLIONAIRE PHILANTHROPISTS Bill Gates and wife Melinda Gates announce divorce after 27 years of marriage.
India UK: virtual bilateral summit between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and British PM Boris Johnson adopted 'Roadmap 2030
1) elevate bilateral ties to a “Comprehensive Strategic Partnership” 2) Enhanced Trade Partnership to negotiate a comprehensiv
(FTA) with an ambitious target of more than doubling India-UK trade by 2030 3) cooperation on Maritime Domain Awareness A
sharing 4) UK to join India’s Information Fusion Centre in Gurgaon 5) UK to help development of India’s indigenous Light Comb
trilateral defence exercises
Municipal corporation mis-management in A'bad: 1) State government mandated that negative RTPCR test required before entr
Municipal Corporation (AMC) not strictly enforcing this rule if a person happens to be a permanent resident of Ahmedabad and
2) Number of vacant hospital beds in Municipal corporation hospital -info not available on its website so patients have to go from
manually inquire about vacancy. 3) AMC mandated that only patients coming through 108 helpline ambulance Will be admitted
patient coming through private vehicle then not admitted. Result? Gujarat Highcourt expresses displeasure. Calls AMC a "undisc
fix these issues.
Twitter bans Bollywood actress Kangna Ranaut's account with 30 lakh followers permanently for repeated violation of the hate s
W.Bengal, Kangna had tweeted,"This is horrible... we need super gundai to kill gundai... She is like an unleashed monster... to
your Virat roop from early 2000's...#PresidentRuleInBengal"
used cooking oil (UCO): It will be used for extracting biodiesel. 7% biodiesel will be blended with regular diesel. benefit? ⏬oil im
pollution. Indian Oil Company starts the project
DEPARTMENT of Telecommunications( DoT) Allowed the three private telcos, Bharti Airtel, Reliance Jio Infocomm and Vi (forme
run Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) to start 5G trials in the country. Following frequencies will be tested for 5G: 3
millimeter waveband), 24.25GHz to 28.5 GHz band, 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and 2500 MHz

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India(Irdai) has proposed concept of model insurance villages to cover the
areas, with the financial support of various institutions like Nabard and CSR funds. Year1: 500 Villages will be covered. year2: 1
S&P Dow Jones has launched Indices to track the movement of cryptocurrency prices - S&P Bitcoin Index, S&P Ethereum Index
Index
National Health Authority (NHA) — the nodal agency managing the CoWin app—has opened up application programming interfa
appointments to the public. This opening up means that anyone can develop a tool that keeps an eye out for whenever a vaccin
CoWin platform and alerts users of the tool via an SMS, an e-Mail or a WhatsApp message.
R21/Matrix M: This vaccine is designed by Oxford University to stop the Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite from entering t
subsequent deadly blood stages.World Malaria Day is observed on April 25.
American experts believe Herd Immunity is not possible in USA because 1) vaccination rates are falling 2) many people are not
the virus will most likely become a manageable threat that will continue to circulate in the US for yearstocome,still causing hosp
much smaller numbers.
0% Integrated Goods andServicesTax(IGST) on the import of Covid-related relief material donated or received free of cost from
distribution.
WTO's Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement: India and S.Africa want 1st world countries to
TRIPS Agreement need to be modified for this purpose. There cannot be any vaccine nationalism- Nirmala.S
Corona Press Negativism: PIL in Delhi HC "news channels are airing “very negative” visuals and stories of the second wave of th
is causing a sense of insecurity towards life among people. The news article should be aired with the objective to incite positivit
public at large/viewers,". Delhi HC judgement "We see no reason to entertain the petition. Whenever news about death is publi
is negative news. It is a wrong notion in the mind of the petitioner. There can be no curbs on the media so long as the informa
correct."
Madras HC had said Election Commission should be put on murder charges for for “not stopping political parties from wanton ab
in election rallies. EC went to SC. SC observes- EC not to take criticism otherwise because discussions are in the public interest,
vital to democracy. High Courts were doing a very important job, and it (SC) could not demoralise them.

Death: daughter of Chhannulal Mishra died of Covid. Varanasi District administration setup inquiry panel about medical negligen
celebrated Hindustani classical singer and Padma Vibhushan awardee and proposer of Prime Minister Narendra Modi in the 2014
Death: Vinod Kumar Bansal, renowned teacher from Kota Coaching classes.
UAE Sheikh Zayed Book Award: GERMAN philosopher Juergen Habermas won but he refused to accept it.
Greg Abel will be the successor of WARREN BUFFETT in Berkshire Hathaway Inc.
Corona Sport Migration: To avoid Corona infection in India before Tokyo Olympics- weightlifter Mirabai Chanu leaves India and
base 2) Indian shooting team shifts base to Croatia.
India-UK: for many years, bitter legacies of the Partition and Britain’s perceived tilt to Pakistan have long complicated the engag
UK. 1997 Indian Prime Minister Inder Kumar Gujral, "Britain is a “third rate power”. Britain of created the Kashmir problem in th
India how to solve it." PM David Cameron and PM Theresa May also tried to improve relationship but nothing concrete. 2020-21
and Johnson cancelled by Corona but digital conference planned with 1) possible agreement on “migration and mobility” to faci
Indians into Britain. 2) climate change, 3) Enhanced trade partnership Agreement (ETP)
5-State Vidhansabha election result out: W.Bengal (Mamta), Kerala (CPM-led Left Democratic Front (LDF)), Assam (BJP), Tamiln
Mamata Banerjee defeated in Nandigram seat by Suvendu Adhikari. Mamta can still become CM as her party won a majority, bu
to get a seat in the State legislature within 6 months. Because Article 164(4) of the Constitution states: “A Minister who for any
months is not a member of the Legislature of the State shall at the expiration of that period cease to be a Minister.” In past, sim
Adityanath (UP, 2017), Goa CM Laxmikanth Parsekar (2017), Jharkhand CM Arjun Munda (2014).
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Israel bans travel to India because they are jealous of India's $5 trillion economy.
Quote: Leadership is not about the next election, it’s about the next generation - Simon Sinek (British Author).
ELECTION Commission (EC) has approached the Supreme Court challenging the Madras High Court’s observations that “EC sho
charges” for “not stopping political parties from wanton abuse of the Covid-19 protocol” in rallies. EC's defense: we are an indep
authority, the Madras High Court made "serious allegations of murder on another independent constitutional authority without a
ultimately dented both the institutions.
GST Before: oxygen concentrators pe IGST 28% AFTER 12%
T Rabi Sankar: Appointed as Dy.Governor of RBI for 3 years. He was executive director of RBI before.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Why has USA banned travel from India? Ans. Because India has become "Vishwaguru" and therefore USA is jealous
ban kiyaa hai. Why is IndianExpress even keeping such clickbait title "why has USA banned travel from India?"
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Nepal decides to close 22 entry points with India amid Corona surge. if Gajab Bejjati had a face.
Vaccine VIP culture/Dada-giri/Bullying: Adar Poonawalla, owner of Serum Institute of India (SII) runs away from India to UK wi
and other powerful men in India allegedly threaten him for not supplying vaccines instantly. The level of expectation and aggre
It’s overwhelming. Everyone feels they should get the vaccine. They can’t understand why anyone else should get it before the
the needs of X, Y or Z, I really don’t want to guess what they are going to do to me.”
Death: Bikramjeet Kanwarpal- a retired army officer who played supporting roles in many movies/serials died.
Death: Ronnie Govender. Indian-origin author and playwriter. Famous book Cato Manor Stories,won the1997 Commonwealth W
Death: Pt Devabrata "Debu" Chaudhuri was awarded the Padma Bhushan, Padma Shri and Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for h
music. Originally from Bangladesh, died in Delhi in Corona.
Corona: Defence Ministry grants emergency financial powers to armed forces to spend upto ₹50 lakh per case, to setup establis
hospitals.
Medicine from the Sky project: Telangana government, World Economic Forum and Apollo Hospital. To deliver medicines using
Government permission- that drones allowed to be operated within the visual line of sight (VLOS) range for a period of one yea
Death: former Attorney General Soli Sorabjee (1930-21)
1 May 1960: Gujarat was formed by splitting the erstwhile Bombay State into two halves- Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Lag BaOmer at Mount Meron, Israel: Jew Religious festival stampade kills 45.
Quote: A sick thought can devour the body's flesh more than fever or consumption.— Guy de Maupassant
Attitude towards LGBT: Justice N Anand Venkatesh of the Madras High Court declared his intention of undergoing a “psycho-ed
expert on LGBTQI+ matters so that he may deliver a better judgement in the case of a same-sex couple seeking protection from
Lebanon: Qaraoun lake on the river Litani. tonnes of dead fish because of water pollution.
Epicurious, one of the world’s most popular recipe websites, announced that it will no longer be publishing any beef related con
change. Raising ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats) has a massive impact on land resources & GHG Emission: for 119.49 sq m of l
kilocalories of beef, compared to 6.61 sq m for poultry, 4.35 sq m for eggs and 1.44 sqm for wheat and rye. Moreover, land use
for cattle feed. Bill Gates too has urged rich countries should make a 100% switch to plant-based meat to avert the climate cris
Rajasthan Cheeranjivi Yojana- Rs.5 lakh health insurance for everyone. 1) Govt pays premium for National Food security Act be
under Socio Economic Caste Census (SECC)-2011, Small marginal farmers, contract workers, destitute. 2) For remaining familie
premium of rupees 850 from their own pocket. 3) Scheme available only when admitted in hospital
DATE (YY-MM-DD) Subject Subtopic (if any)
2021-April-30 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-April-30 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-April-30 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2021-April-30 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-April-29 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


2021-April-29 jobs jobs

2021-April-29 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-29 Geo🗺 Disaster

2021-April-28 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-28 IR/Defense🔫 secularism

2021-April-28 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-April-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-27 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-April-27 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-27 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-27 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-April-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-April-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-April-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-27 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-April-26 Science🧪 6-Health
2021-April-26 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-April-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-April-25 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-April-25 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬
2021-April-25 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-April-25 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-April-25 History/Culture🗿 world history


2021-April-25 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-April-25 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-April-24 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽

2021-April-24 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-April-24 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-April-24 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-April-24 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-24 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-24 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-24 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-24 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-April-24 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-24 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-April-24 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-24 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-23 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-April-23 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-April-23 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-April-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-April-23 History/Culture🗿 World History

2021-April-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-23 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-23 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-April-22 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-April-22 Science🧪 Social Media📣

2021-April-22 Polity⚖️ Federalism


2021-April-22 Polity⚖️ Judiciary
2021-April-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-April-22 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-April-22 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral
2021-April-22 IR/Defense🔫 Defence
2021-April-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-April-22 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-April-22 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-April-22 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-April-22 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-April-21 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-21 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-April-21 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-April-21 Polity⚖️ Judiciary
2021-April-21 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-April-21 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-April-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-20 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-20 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-April-20 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-20 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-20 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-20 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-April-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-April-20 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-April-20 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-April-20 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-April-20 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-April-20 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-April-20 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-April-19 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-April-19 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-April-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-April-19 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-April-19 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-April-19 Polity⚖️ Legislature
2021-April-19 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-19 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-April-18 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈
2021-April-18 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-April-18 IR/Defense🔫 Appointment

2021-April-18 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-April-17 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-April-17 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion


2021-April-17 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝
2021-April-17 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪
2021-April-17 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪
2021-April-17 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-April-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-April-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-April-17 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-17 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-April-17 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-17 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-16 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-April-16 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-April-16 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-April-16 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-April-16 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-April-16 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍
2021-April-16 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-April-16 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2021-April-16 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-April-16 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-16 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-April-16 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-April-16 Polity⚖️ Diaspora

2021-April-16 Science🧪 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-April-16 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-April-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-April-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-15 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News


2021-April-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India
2021-April-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India
2021-April-15 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-April-15 Science🧪 Disaster


2021-April-14 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-April-14 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-April-14 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-April-14 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-April-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-14 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-14 Polity⚖️ Awards🏆

2021-April-14 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-April-14 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-April-14 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-14 Science🧪 Pollution🛺


2021-April-13 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-April-13 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-April-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-13 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-April-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-13 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-April-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-April-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-April-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-April-13 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-April-13 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-April-13 Polity⚖️ Appointment

2021-April-13 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-April-13 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-12 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-April-12 History/Culture🗿 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2021-April-12 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News
2021-April-12 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-April-12 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-April-12 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-April-12 Science🧪 Social Media📣

2021-April-12 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-11 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-April-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-11 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-April-11 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-April-10 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-April-10 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝
2021-April-10 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity
2021-April-10 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-April-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-10 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-April-10 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-April-10 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-April-10 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-April-10 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-April-10 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India
2021-April-10 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-April-10 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-April-10 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-09 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-April-09 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-April-09 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-April-09 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-April-09 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-April-09 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-April-09 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-April-09 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-April-09 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣
2021-April-09 Science🧪 6-Health
2021-April-09 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-April-09 Science🧪 Physics

2021-April-08 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-April-08 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-April-08 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2021-April-08 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-April-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-April-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2021-April-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-08 Governance🧔 E-Gov👩‍💻

2021-April-08 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-08 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-08 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-April-08 Polity⚖️ Appointment

2021-April-08 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-April-08 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-April-07 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-April-07 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-April-07 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-April-07 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-April-07 Economy💳 Appointment


2021-April-07 Economy💳 Awards🏆
2021-April-07 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-April-07 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-07 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-07 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2021-April-07 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-April-07 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2021-April-07 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-April-07 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-April-07 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-06 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-April-06 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-April-06 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-April-06 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-April-06 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-06 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-April-06 Geo🗺 Disaster
2021-April-06 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-April-06 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-06 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-06 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-06 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-April-05 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-April-05 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-April-05 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-April-05 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-April-05 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-April-05 Environment🌿 Death


2021-April-05 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-April-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-05 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-05 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora

2021-April-05 PIN-GK🏋️ 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-April-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-April-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-April-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-April-05 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-April-05 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-April-04 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication
2021-April-04 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy
2021-April-04 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-April-04 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-04 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-04 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-04 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-April-04 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-April-04 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora


2021-April-04 PIN-GK🏋️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-April-04 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-April-04 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-04 Science🧪 1A1-Money-💳

2021-April-03 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-April-03 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-April-03 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍


2021-April-03 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-April-03 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-April-03 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-03 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-03 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-April-03 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-April-03 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-April-03 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-April-03 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-April-03 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-April-03 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-April-03 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-03 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-April-02 Agri🌽 Water💦

2021-April-02 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅


2021-April-02 Economy💳 Ethics-Theory😈
2021-April-02 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-April-02 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-April-02 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-April-02 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-April-01 Economy💳 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-April-01 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-April-01 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-April-01 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2021-April-01 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-April-01 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-April-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-April-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-April-01 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-April-01 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-April-01 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-April-01 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-April-01 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-April-01 Science🧪 6-Health
News Item (Page Numbers correspond to Ahmedabad Edition)
The Tianhe, or “Heavenly Harmony,” - name of the module of China's permanent space station. It was launched in 2021-April w
USA will maintain a strong military presence in the Indo-Pacific just as we do with NATO in Europe, not to start conflict, but to p
100th day speech. China didnot like it- not one bit
Sports Ethics: Golf PGA Tour’s Player Impact Program - it pays golfers on their popularity and social media impact, regardless o
Tiger Woods was given $8 million. Counter? Such rewards go against the basic tenets of sport that is awarding merit and hardw
pictures on Instagram etc are not the 'sportsman skills' that need to be rewarded and Tiger Woods is already very rich. Money c
training other younger golfers. Counter-Counter? sportsmen need to be paid for their social media efforts because it helps bring
sponsors.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ New SEBI rule for fund manager compensation that 20% of their salary be paid in form of Mutual Fund Units so tha
investment / management work more seriously.
Death: APOLLO 11 ASTRONAUT Michael Collins, who piloted the ship from which Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin left to make th
moon in 1969, died.
SBI: 5121 junior associate (customer support & sales).
USA: India has signed 3 agreements with USA: 1) LEMOA (Logistic Exchange Memorandum of Agreement) in 2016, 2) COMCAS
Compatibility and Security Agreement)in2018 3) BECA (Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement) in 2020. These provideUS
facilities and have facilitated military sales to India. Yet USA 's reluctance to send vaccine raw material / aid to India in Corona w
over-dependent on USA in the times of emergency.

Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT) also known as the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT), is a geological fault along the boundary of the In
plates. The Kopili Fault is a 300-km northwest- southeast trending fault from the Bhutan Himalaya to the Burmese arc. In news
RT-PCR test detects the virus; Ct (cycle threshold) value sets a benchmark for whether a person is to be counted as positive. in
considered Covid-positive if the Ct value is below 35. Globally, the accepted cut-off for Ct value for Covid-19 ranges between 35
Medical Research (ICMR), NITI Aayog etc differ on what should be CT Value.
Sri Lanka Cabinet approves proposal to ban Burkha in public places because “All forms of face covers are a threat to national se
masks to combat Covid-19 is allowed."
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋NATIONAL SECURITY Adviser A K Doval and Pakistan’s Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) chief Lt. Gen Faiz Hameed h
meeting in the United Arab Emirates late last year.
Mask Rule: Thailand PM fined $190 for not wearing mask.

Attitude Towards Women: "Sofagate" incident- President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen and President of th
Michel went to Turkey to meet President Erdogan in April 2021 but there was no chair kept for the lady to sit. She was made to
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute: INDIA WAS the third largest military spender in the world in 2020, behind on
amount was instead invested in medical infrastructure, then the situation would be more comfortable in the second wave of Co
Vaccine Maitri: India gave/sold 66 million vaccine doses to other countries now struggling to acquire raw material from the USA
time has come to wear masks at home settings to break the chain of transmission.- says THE HEAD of India’s Covid-19 task for
मास्क पहने के बैठो.
Election Commission did not stop political parties from violating Covid protocols during their campaign rallies for Assembly polls
should probably be imposed on the ECI for being the only institution responsible for the situation that we are in today- says Ma
शायद हत्या का मुकदमा करना चाहिए

Oscar / 93rd Academy Awards: 1) best actor went to Anthony Hopkins for movie The Father 2) Best actress: Frances McDorman
3) Best Director Chloe Zhao for Nomadland. She becomes the second woman in the history to win Oscar for direction- Kathryn
was the only previous woman to win. 4) My Octopus Teacher- won the best documentary. It has Indian filmmaker Swati Thiyag
and production manager. 5) ‘In Memoriam segment to remember the Deceased actors - where actor IrrfanKhanandcostumedes
Archery World Cup, Guatemala: Husband-wife Atanu Das and Deepika Kumari men’s and women’s individual recurve gold meda
“If sport can continue and be one of those avenues to relieve stress or give a glimmer of hope that the world is OK. But, looking
view, how are these companies and franchises spending so much money, and the government, on the IPL when there’s people
accepted into hospital in Corona wave 2.0?"- Comment by Rajasthan Royals IPL Team bowler Andrew Tye who left for Australia
of COVID-19 wave 2.0 in India. लेकिन क्या भारत के क्रिके ट प्रेमी लंबी अवधि तक यह बात याद रखेंगे?
RBI fixed the tenure of the managing director (MD),chief executive officer(CEO) and whole-time director (WTD) in private secto
maximum age at 70 years.
Countries with highest percentage population vaccinated: Bhutan 75%, Israel 62%, UAE 51%, UK 79% USA 41%.., Brazil 12%
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋_ _ _ newspaper ke Babu-shone-interns ki "Bhutan Bhakti" ke How Bhutan managed to vaccinate majority of its 7-8
model is very 'Mahaan'....even though the population of Ahmedabad city alone is more than 10 times the population of Bhutan.
if their local movie got Housefull boards there, then If the same movie was released across 1500000 cinema halls across the wo
collection will be bigger than Avengers end-game- aisaa inka logic hai. भारत के लोग बिना दवाई और ऑक्सीजन के मर रहे हैं और सुबह सुबह ये बाबू शोने दिमा
explained सीरीज लिखके । इनको बोलिए भूटान से भारत के लिए दवाई, ऑक्सीजन और वै क्सीन लेकर आए, और जरूरत हो तो गोटाबाया राजाबक्शा को भी साथ ले जाएं पैरवी करने के लिए
Death: Delhi-based Hindustani classical vocalists Pt Rajan Mishra from Banaras Gharana.
oxygen concentrator- medical device that concentrates oxygen from ambient air. Atmospheric air has about 78% N2 and 21% O
release the nitrogen back into the air → gives 90-95% pure oxygen. 😰? Oxygen concentrators are the Easiest Alternatives to cy
10 litres of oxygen per minute(critical patients may need 40-50 litres per minute). excess demand and price rise in corona wave
Space-X Dragon Capsule: used for carrying four astronauts at the International SpaceStation (ISS)
Book: WHEREABOUTS: A NOVEL BY JHUMPA LAHIRI
Book: UNDERGROUND ASIA: BY TIM HARPER.
1915: 1.5 million Armenians were killed by Ottoman Empire forces, in the events known as Metz Yeghern. Previous American pr
genocide to prevent ego-hurting Turkey- who is a NATO ally. 2021: President Biden finally labels it as 'Genocide'.
Niti Valley in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand: GLACIER burst
India- poisonous snakes: 1) cobra 2) Russell’s viper, 3) saw-scaled viper and the 4) common krait. Snake venom is a mixture of
helps kill the prey and digest it. King cobras have Neurotoxic Venom that affects the neural system. Russell's Viper Venom has h
blood coagulation.

Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY-2020) was launched to provide free grains to beneficiaries of National Food
2020's Scheme gave 5 kg Food grains (Rice/Wheat) + 1 kilogram pulses each month free. 2021's version: Scheme is extended
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋RBI said the existing interim WMA (Ways and Means Advances) limit of Rs 51,560 crore for all states and UTs will co
Theory explained in Win21 Series Pillar1C (Ref: Mrunal.org/Download)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋RBI prohibits Card Companies 1) American Express Banking Corp (Amex) and 2) Diners Club International from on-b
customers on to their card networks from May 1, Because they are not compliant with RBI directions on storing payment system
French Energy Company EDF Send proposal to the government of India to build 9,900 mega watt (MW) nuclear power plant at
coastal districts of Maharashtra. This will be the world's largest nuclear power project. Although o protest by environment /nuke
company says it'll greatly reduce CO2 emission
Quote: There is a higher court than courts of justice and that is the court of conscience. — Mahatma Gandhi

Confidentiality/Breach of protocol: Virtual meeting of PM and CM on coronavirus second wave. CM Kejriwal was live-streaming s
was speaking about shortage of oxygen cylinders etc- PM expresses displeasure, "This meeting is meant to be internal, it should
public." CM Office expresses regret. Points to consider: If ministers or bureaucrats start live streaming confidential/Internal mee
gallery/ sensationalize/ show off to voters ... It sets a bad precedent because then other Meeting participants may also do it to
and then confidential / sensitive information could get leaked to the public causing more disruptions in economy / strategic rela
Sexualization of Sports: In artistic gymnastics usually women athletes are required to wear swimsuits/leotard/short dresses in th
beauty". But it passively perpetuates the objectification of women and sexualization of their bodies. So, a GERMAN GYMNAST S
full body suit. 2) 2019: Serena Williams broke the tennis skirt-dress stereotype by wearing a full body catsuit at the French Ope
C-17 and IL-76: transport/cargo aircrafts of Indian Air Force which are now being used for carrying trucks with oxygen containe
equipment for fighting Corona.
Denmark has become the first European country to start revoking the residency permits of some Syrian refugees, arguing that
neighbouring regions are safe so We can not grant you asylum anymore, You should leave Denmark. Earlier Denmark accepted
pressure on its resources, slowdown in Corona → adopting stricter positions on immigrants/refugees. Lessons for India? Europe
India what it should do with Rohingya Refugees / Myanmar refugees खासकर उन दिनों के जब India ke खुद के ऑक्सीजन और दवाइयों के वान्धे चल रहे हैं
हमारी मदद करने के लिए असमर्थ हैं.
Vaccine Euphoria: NITI Aayog Use this term in context of people who have got the vaccine and they are no longer adopting the
masks / social distance. और फिर खुद को भी और दूसरों को जोखिम में डालते हैं
breakthrough infections- Number of coronavirus vaccinated persons who get infected with Corona even after Vaccination. Becau
are 60 to 95% effective. 2) it typically takes about two weeks for the body to build immunity after being vaccinated. In the mea
exposed to coronavirus...
A pulse oximeter is a tiny device that usually slides over your fingertip or clips on your earlobe and uses infrared light refraction
is binding to your red blood cells. Oximeters report blood oxygen levels via an oxygen saturation measurement called periphera
or SpO2. It is also used for checking the health of Corona patients. Controversy? Hackers are creating fake mobile apps labelled
people to simply put their thumbnail on the screen and it will test the oxygen level but in reality, it is copying your fingerprint an
from your mobile phone for cyber frauds. यानी कि हर मुफ्त में मिलती ऐप डाउनलोड करना जरूरी नहीं है
Type I interferons are Polypeptides that help the body fight against viral infections. "Virafin"- Antiviral for treatment of hepatitis
Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) allows Zydus Cadila To use it for treatment of Corona.
NASA’s Perseverance Mars Rover → has a device called the Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment (MOXIE) → It
converters into oxygen and releases carbon monoxide as a byproduct. It successfully produced 5 grams of oxygen which is suff
breath for 10 minutes
Calcutta High Court censured the ECI for not doing enough to ensure that political parties were following appropriate Covid-19
Commission (EC) on banned roadshows, vehicle rallies,and public meetings of more than 500 people in West Bengal, noting tha
candidates were “still not adhering to the prescribed safety norms” during campaigning. यानी कि अब तक चुनाव आयोग सो रहा था. कोर्ट ने डांट दी
पर प्रतिबंध लगाना होगा
Article 311(2) - government employee shall be dismissed or removed or reduced in rank ONLY AFTER an inquiry. But this clause
the Governor is satisfied that in the it is not Practical to hold such inquiry due to state security interests-Then such government
without enquiry.Using this provision JAMMU and Kashmir administration has set up a Special Task Force (STF) to initiate action
employees suspected of doing such Anti National activities.
Death: Maulana Wahiduddin Khan, the noted Islamic scholar, spiritual leader and author from Uttar Pradesh (1925-2021). A rec
Rajiv Gandhi National Sadbhavna Award, He was editor of Jamiat Ulema Hind and Al-Risala.
Commonwealth Committee finds that 50,000 Indian soldiers who died fighting for the British Empire during World War I were n
way as others (white soldiers). UK Government apologizes now.
Vaccine hesitancy nahi ab Vaccine compulsion: Gujarat Technological University mandates that All the students who have attain
mandatorily to get Covid-19 vaccination before filling Winter 2021 exam forms. यानी कि अगर टीकाकरण नहीं करवाया तो गुलाब का फू ल तो नहीं देंगे....परी

Vaccine Black marketing: No honour among black marketeers: Divyesh promised to sell remdesivir injection in black market for
reality he was simply giving water vials with fake labels. Doctor became alert before giving the injection and notified the Surat p
Lesson? While family members of the patient may be reluctantly opting for the Black Market operators to save the patient -But
black market operators have no ethics. It is therefore necessary for officers to Create awareness about this and arrest such Blac
not only looking the the family members but also endangering the life of patients by giving water injection instead of Ramdesiv

Corona: China Model for containing virus spread: Each town has residential committees (RCs) Though officially not part of the s
institutions of self-governance, these committees are the instruments of the Communist party for effective governance and poli
local disputes, and assist government agencies with maintaining public surveillance, health and sanitation, carefor the elderly, e
they strictly enforced the lockdown norms, and ensured vaccination of a maximum number of people. In India too, we have suc
various apartment complexes - But all India level uniform policy required on how they can be utilised for coronavirus vaccinatio
Sports Ethics: International Olympic Committee upholds Rule 50 i.e. sportsmen Will not be allowed to do protests Tokyo Olymp
T-shirts with political slogans- (like Free Tibet) etc.
Corona 2020- RBI had ordered commercial banks not to pay dividends from their profits to the shareholders. This would help ke
losses arising out of coronavirus defaults. 2021: RBI relaxes the norms regarding dividend release.
Bharat Biotech's COVAXIN has potential to prevent even UK and Brazil variants. , It has interim clinical efficacy of 78 per cent, a
against severe Covid- 19 disease in phase 3 trials.
European Union draft regulation outlining Dangers of Artificial intelligence risky uses e.g.AI That is used for filter out School / jo
Cooperative federalism: Serum Institute sells Covishield to the Centre at Rs 150 a dose, and plans to sell it at Rs 400 per dose f
dose for private hospitals. Government of India and the state government being treated as "separate" during a pandemic. Critic
for remaining in the good books of the union government to get import/export clearances easily? Is the Union government pres
get a large quota of vaccines and cheaper prices and then distribute them in selected States for political games? Counter: “Cons
prices American vaccines (Rs 1,500/dose), Russian vaccines (Rs 750/dose) and Chinese vaccines (Rs 750/dose) - SII's Covishie
needs to make profit for expanding the factory capacity”
Supreme Court appointed judicial Commission gives clean chit to the police man involved in the encounter killings of gangster V
Death: Shankha Ghosh, BENGALI poet and Sahitya Akademi winner
USA: Annual report of the US Commission for International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) puts India under "‘countries of concern
is in danger. Indian government's stand, "we do not recognise this report. This organisation has no locus standi in matters relat
Australia cancels belt and Road initiative deal of China. Reason 1) China imposing trade sanctions / high level of taxes on Austra
loans for this project, are putting the the Nations into unsustainable debt levels - Especially in the times of Corona.
KRI Nanggala 402: Indonesian submarine that has gone missing during the Navy training exercise
“Government should Beg, borrow or steal Oxygen cylinders. It is a national emergency. ” says Delhi High Court
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson he exchanged text messages with a wealthy industrialist and promised PM would “fix” the t
that it is violation of ethics and Business lobbying rules
USA President Joe Biden announce to cut emissions around 50 percent from 2005 levels by 2030.
Death: FORMER RESERVE Bank of India Governor M Narasimham He was chairman of two banking sector Reform committees i
considered to be the father of Indian banking system reforms
BOMBAY OXYGEN Investments Ltd does not manufacture any oxygen It is a non-banking financial company, but the company’s
200 percent since December 2020 just because the company’s name has ‘oxygen in it. Its share price surged From Rs 8,511 in
by April, 2021!
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Exit window likely for crypto holders in India. It is not yet given in official press statement of the government or RBI
item based on "sources". Let it get officially announced first
Vaccine: Uttar Pradesh and Assam – announced that they would provide free Covid vaccination to those aged above 18 from M
Reporters Without Borders (RSF) not-for profit body in Paris → World Press Freedom Index-2021. Top-3: Norway, Finland and D
China@177, Bottom Most Eritrea@180. India's rank unchanged compared to last year- it continues to be counted among the co
journalism.
Memorandum of Procedure (MoP) for judicial appointment is based on three SC decisions – the First Judges Case (1981),Secon
Third Judges Case (1998). MOP: High Court Collegium headed by the Chief Justice of the HC initiates the process of appointme
recommendation is made, the opinion of state governments and the input from the Intelligence Bureau are sought → then reco
by the central government → sent to the Supreme Court Collegium. BEFORE: The MoP does not prescribe a timeline for the Cen
recommendations. But-2021: SC modifies the MoP judicial order that the government must act on the names recommended for
months.
SUPREME Court clears the way for appointment of retired judges as ad-hoc judges in High Courts under Article 224A to deal wi
Death: Sumitra Bhave. Marathi film maker. Her movie Kaasav had won prestigious President Golden Lotus National Award (201
Death: Baboolal Goverdhan Joshi: hockey statistician.
Nepotism controversy: Tanmay Fadnavis distance nephew of of former Maharashtra chief minister Devendra Fadnavis got coron
only 22 years whereas at present vaccine available only for those aged 45 years and above.
Teachers: Gujarat education department orders the teachers to remain 100% present in the respective schools on April 24 for t
address on Corona. controversy that it will result in further spread of Corona. Sadly, everywhere success of events is measured
crowd/pageviews.
Corona: All people above the age of 18 can get vaccinated in the month of May. States allowed to buy directly from manufactur
permitted. 2) In USA too - All adults and eligible to get vaccinated
Nasa’s experimental helicopter Ingenuity Becomes the first aircraft to fly in another world or planet (Mars). It was controlled by
on Mars is nearly impossible because there is not much air to push against. At the surface of Mars, the atmosphere is just 1/100
to generate enough lift for helicopter the blades had to spin in opposite directions at more than 2,500 revolutions a minute
Vaccine raw material: 1) BIOREACTOR BAG- A plastic, disposable bag used in the process of artificially growing large quantities
MEDIA: gel or liquid that helps in the growth of cells in the lab by supplying them with various compounds and nutrients. 3) LIP
mRNA vaccines for encapsulating the drug substance for delivering it to target site 4) MICROCARRIER BEADS: Tiny spheres ma
they are used to grow protein-producing or virusgenerating cells
Driverless cars: Tesla cars have autopilot function that assist the driver In a long drive and parking. Elon Musk says this feature
accident by 10 times compared to normal vehicle But in USA report of Two people dead by using this function in the car.
mobile signal repeaters usually installed by telecom companies at certain low connectivity places where it is not easy to install m
work by drawing in all the available mobile signals in the area with low connectivity. However many traders are illegal is selling
website but such illegal devices deplete the network strength and result in call drops and poor audio quality for other subscribe
orders e-commerce sites to be more vigilant in preventing sale of such illegal devices
Allahabad high court orders week-long lock down in 5 cities of UP but State refuses 'There will be no complete lock down in the
saving lives is important but saving livelihood is even more important.'
Louis Mountbatten was assassinated by the Irish Republican army in 1979. IRA Now issued apology
Boris Johnson cancels visit to India because of the corona crisis.
ALH (Advanced Light Helicopter) Mk III aircraft- This is the first indigenously built Helicopter with an all glass cockpit and will be
special operations and coastal surveillance
European Union release is 10 pages document to increase its influence in the indo-pacific region and engage more with the cou
Australia. Although it clarifies that the plan is not Anti-China.
RBI Sudarshan Sen Committee for comprehensive review Asset Reconstruction Companies (ARCs) - a type of NBFC that buys b
To extract maximum value out of it
British finance minister says Planning to launch Britcoin /A digital currency backed by Central bank of England To reduce the the
genetically modified crops in India Arguments for allowing it: 1) Bangladesh Farmer adopted BT brinjal in 2018- The brinjal prod
pesticide consumption reduced by 60% 2) GM mustard should be allowed because India imports over 65% of the edible oil req
GM canola grown all over America.
Discrepancy in the number of farmers: Agriculture ministry (2016, 150 million), NABARD All India Rural Financial Inclusion Surv
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PMKisan) Beneficiaries getting ₹6k/per year (2021:111 million enrolled). Unless there is a
statistics- Difficult make appropriate policies and targeted interventions to help the "Serious full time" farmers.
MSP & Adam Smith Value Paradox: diamond is very expensive even though it is non-essential to human survival whereas water
essential for human survival. reason- If something is available in abundant supply then the marginal utility / satisfaction from "o
one extra bottle of water) Than an item which is in short supply (e.g. extra biscuit of gold). Modern Similarities- 1) 1970: Price
of diesel now you require 4kg. 2) 1970: price of 200 kg of wheat - price of 10 gm of gold. Today Farmer will have to sell 2000 k
10gm gold. [After the green revolution, the production of wheat greatly increased but the same was not true for Diesel / Gold p
middleman, inefficiency in APMC market etc. Way forward? 1) Instead of growing ONLY wheat the farmers should diversify- to
veggies, milk, honey, silk, eggs, duck meat etc. 2) Instead of guaranteeing a minimum support price (MSP) government should
income to full time farmers.
Religious Acrimony: Vadodara (Hindu) crematorium overburdened with dead bodies in Corona. Large quantities of cow dung an
youth/contractor volunteered to supply it & place it on the pyre. Local political leader complaints, "Muslim should not enter Hind
pyre." As the municipal commissioner (IAS) how will you address this complaint? *] Stakeholder analysis se Answer wordlimit fi
performed by the Hindu priest but other logistic help if provided by other religious communities need to be welcomed in the tim
migrant workers are leaving for their home states, so there is a shortage of workers everywhere in cities. *] Mixing religious ide
worldwide crisis should be avoided. *] Talk with the religious leaders and sort out the issue amicably.
Public communication: Corona second wave- While the Union / State governments are planning/implementing lockdown but the
word "lock down"so as to 1) stop the migrant workers from panicking - else They will flock the bus stations & railway stations c
FPIs flying the share market creating new set of financial crisis.

Attitude towards transgender sportsperson: International Olympic Committee and World athletics rules allowed the transgender
women's sports provided that their testosterone levels is below "X%" for 6/12 months. However in many of the American state
MLAs are pushing for laws That completely ban the transgender persons from competing in the school level sports tournament
Death: USA - Charles Geschke: Adobe co-founder, helped develop the Portable Document Format technology, or PDFs
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Electoral bonds : Jharkhand Mukti morcha discloses that Hindalco company donated ₹1 cr through electoral bonds.
operations in Jharkhand
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Goa Uniform Civil Code -Many technical details where it is not so uniform -You may read the explain series if law as
National Empowered Group on Vaccine Administration - Chairman RS Sharma. National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Bhutan Model MAHAAN Hai because 60% population vaccinated, The vaccination rate is 7 times more than India - W
size of population and population density geography etc.
Doctor shortage rural area: Gujarat State Rs.20 lakh bond penalty If Govt college MBBS pass out does not serve for minimum o
the last two years 83% of Graduates refused to serve & only 12% of them paid bonds. Others are not even paying the bond pe
Govt not doing regular recruitment of (permanent) nurses and doctors. So usually the district and Municipal authorities hire the
contractual basis. But Corona → work/ jobs increased within Private sector hospitals in urban areas. so in rural / tribal areas no
for less than Rs.45,000 per month & no MBBS doctor under Rs.3 lakh a month. Because they want to live in city areas. As Narm
of What will you do? #] Write a letter to the health department for stricter enforcement of bond penalties, regular recruitment o
DoPT@Union for Creation of all India services for doctors similar to IAS/IPS/IFS(Forest) suggested by 15 FC #] Suggest State g
loans for car/home/clinic to doctors who serve in rural areas for minimum "X" Years. Send suggestion to RBI/MCA ministry that
PSL shortfalls/CSR. #] Use other funding available example 15 finance commission grants for Healthcare sector, Pradhan Mantr
to offer an attractive salary to the contractual doctors. #] Increase the amenities /fully furnished home/ AC/Fridge, Smart TV w
Vehicle facility to take them/family to near by city area for weekly shopping/restaurant #] Police patrolling @hospital to prevent
Residential areas Control the nuisance of Bahubali/Rowdy elements in rural areas for safety of women doctors & nurses. #] If a
for 7 days a week in a rural area, see if 2 doctors can be hired for serving 3-3- days a week, While on remaining days They can
area. Challenge? They may focus more on their private practice in urban areas and then ask the patient to come to City for mor
Telemedicine remote diagnosis etc. #] regular public bus/Public ambulance facility to take the the sick villagers to nearby City h
doing good work in a rural area his fame will not help him when he starts private practice in urban areas for getting customers
he can "carry away" his fame later on. #] If nothing helps then Rose-flower & Hriday Parivartan.
China refused to pull back its troops from Hot Springs and Gogra Post

Raul Castro-the brother of Fidel Castro to retire as the chief of Cuban Communist Party. Cuban president Miguel Diaz Canel may
Elon Musk Space-X company: 1) Developing Starship Rocket to take people to Mars 2) Won the NASA contract to use the Starsh
astronauts to moon at nearly 3 billion dollar. Jeff Bezos Amazon-Has also created a "blue origin" company but they did not win
IMD (India Meteorological Department under Ministry of Earth Sciences) and Skymet (Private weather forecast company) predic
third consecutive year
⚾️📻⚾️🎓Emergency Credit Line Guarantee Scheme (ECLGS) allows a company with loan outstanding above Rs 50 crore and be
to raise fresh credit without providing any additional collateral. Which companies are eligible? Ans Government keeps expanding
commentary not important. We have covered the topic under Mrunal's Win21 Free economy lecture series available at Mrunal.o
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋United States placed 11 countries, including India, China, Japan, South Korea, Germany and Italy in the currency pra
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Nirav Modi extradition
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Insurance FDI draft rules about 180% Solvency margin/Dividend /General reserve.
Turkey's Central Bank bans use of cryptocurrency- Bitcoin can cause irreparable damage to the economy, and transaction crisis

Villagers Tapi District magistrate / collector (IAS) "Tehsildar sahib has Threatened to demolish our shops if we do not get the va
"Villagers are Exaggerating/Embellishing the story. I did not threaten to demolish the shops. I told them I will "shut down" your
vaccines because the coronavirus is spreading fast, And we need to to get more number of people immunised As per governme
you address this complaint received from villages? Ans. 1) Threatening to demolish the shops (Even if they are illegally construc
Unnecessarily puts everyone at risk because of the dharna Pradarshan / gharo / Loss of livelihood- Further violation of social dis
unnecessary increase in police duty ⏫ Therefore, Tahsildar should be advised to avoid such coercive steps. 2) Village elders ne
"tact" how it is beneficial for them And how the vaccines are safe, And also how people are dying fast and there is shortage of R
Oxygen cylinders. It is much cheaper to get vaccines - Then go through the ordeal of corona / expenses. But, without the tone
fearmongering that person will commit suicide after getting Corona positive! 3) Villagers may be reluctant to get vaccines becau
the shop / travel and wait in line for 3-4-5 hours it may result in loss of livelihood. So a vaccine camp may be open near to thei
time / public -bus as mobile vaccine site 4) Chinese government is offering free eggs, store coupons and discounts coupons to P
vaccination. In the past many African countries have also offered three bags of rice for parents to get their children vaccinated
be explored with the surplus stock of NFSA food ration. Accordingly, write letter to higher authorities.
Cricket was part of 1900 Olympics in Paris. If Cricket is part of 2028's Los Angeles Olympics and BCCI may send the team.
US Defence Production Act: Using this Biden has prohibited the export of special plastic bags, filters and cell culture media- This
for production of vaccines, So this is harming the production of Covishield(SII) in India.
Mission Covid Surakha (2020): Department of Biotechnology (DBT) Under the ministry of Science Technology provide grants for
coronavirus vaccine in India. 2021: Haffkine Pharmaceutical (Mumbai) got approval to mfg doses of Covaxin. Previously a comp
oral polio vaccine and anti snake venom.
Oxygen has applications in the iron and steel industry,hospitals,pharmaceutical units that manufacture vials, and the glass indus
have diverted their entire oxygen production for medical use. Challenges? 1) India does not have enough cryogenic tankers sur
medical oxygen. 2) Sudden increase in demand because of Corona so prices have soared
Vaccine Hesitancy: Chinese government is offering free eggs, store coupons and discounts coupons to People who come for vac
African countries have also offered three bags of rice for parents to get their children vaccinated for polio.Similar models could
stock of NFSA food ration.
Banking: Following entities have applied for RBI on tap licensing system 1) Applications for Commercial banks: Repco Bank, Cha
Exchange and Financial Services, and Pankaj Vaish and others 2) Applications for Small finance banks: VSoft Technologies, Cali
Bank, Akhil Kumar Gupta, and Dvara Kshetriya Gramin Financial Services. Committee? Ex-dy-Gov Shyamala Gopinath's standing
(SEAC), will evaluate these applications.
1999: RBI's Regulation review authority (RRA 1.0) Today view the banking/NBFC sector regulation based on feedback from pub
Regulation review authority (RRA 2.0) headed by Deputy Governor M Rajeshwar Rao for a period of one year for simplification o
enhancement of ease of compliance
Digital economy: RBI's centralised payment systems (CPS) 1) Real Time Gross settlement (RTGS) For high value transactions in
Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT) for Small to medium value transactions with Settlement every 30-30 minutes. BEFORE: only Ba
NEFT/RTGS mechanism (Because they require IFSC code only Bank branches have IFSC code). AFTER: RBI will allow non-bank
Instrument (PPI) issuers, Card Networks, White Label ATM operators, Trade Receivables Discounting System(TReDS) platforms
CPs. Initially the maximum transfer limit will be 200000 rupees
Digital economy: Cash withdrawal facility: BEFORE- Customer could withdraw cash from his account only from Bank's branch/ A
Bank-Mitras. AFTER: Even prepaid payment instruments like Amazon Pay/ PhonePe/ Mobikwick could offer it (through tieing up
Customer will feel comfortable so he will not carry a large amount of cash. Digital economy ⏫
Citibank to close down retail / consumer banking in India & China, to focus on institutional banking investment banking at globa
Investment banking Wealth Management etc.).
BizGK: Flipkart to acquire Cleartrip online travel company
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Wholesale price index 8 month high.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Kuntala Lahiri-Dutt’s concept, there are two more coal economies, statecraft coal (non-legal small scale coal mines in
subsistence coal(small-scale collieries run on village commons usually bordering formal mines) for which there are no official fig
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Chetak name of the E scooter by Bajaj -Booking closed because supply chain uncertainty is in Corona
Public Comminication: Corona-fear-mongering in social media: farm labourer in Dangs Districts of Gujarat committs suicide afte
Continuous fear mongering in Gujarat - "Shortage of Remdesivir injection how it is selling for 20000 rupees, Dead bodies are pi
have thought he would not survive and or it will put great financial burden on his family so decided to end life. While governme
should inform the citizens about the threats of Corona to deter them from violating mask rule but not in such fear-mongering m
suicidal.
Education: CBSE Board Exams postponed because of Corona second wave but instead if government provides vaccination for te
priority basis then it will not disrupt the flow of students to higher education institutions.
Chevalierdes Arts et des Lettres”- French Embassy give this award to Guneet Monga, producer of 'Lunchbox' and 'Pagglait' for H
gender equality
OCI card is required to be reissued at attaining age 20 and 50 Because at that time changes occur in the face. New photos requ
remove this rule Because At that time people have to get a new passport issued anyways, so new passport will have the new p

French president Emmanuel Macron paid tribute to a French history teacher who was killed by by an Islamic extremist for show
classroom → Pakistan hardline parties warned serious threats → French Embassy tells French citizens to leave Pakistan at earlie
India and France signed an agreement for cooperation for the Gaganyaan space mission to send 3 Indians in Space. France will
at French space agency CNES. Flight physicians or surgeons are responsible for astronaut’s health before, during and after the
physicians are from the Indian Air Force. Gaganyaan orbital spacecraft project (2018) originally intended to send astronauts fro
anniversary of independence in 2022. However, the mission was delayed by Corona.
Cancel culture: American cartoon series "Simpsons" - White male Voice actor has to apologize for stereotyping Indian character
Character from the series. Within Indian cinema to racial stereotyping exist- All Nepalis as 'Bahadur / Chowkidaar', South Indian
"Ayyo", Gujarati "Garba/Theplaa", Caricaturing Sardar/Punjabi/Parsis/Bhojpuri. Excessive level of sensitivities by American India
eye to similar practices at home
Greed: Bernard madoff- Largest ponzi scam in history worth $64 billion→ USA court given 150 years jail, died in 2021. Even ma
Forwarded their innocent clients money into it. Lesson? Despite having a higher level of literacy, financial inclusion and regulato
Greed for money takes people to such scams.
Sports Ethics: Former Zimbabwe captain Heath Streak who was working as IPL cricket team bowling coach, convicted in match
via whatsapp → bookie paid him 2 bitcoins and Iphone to his wife. Previously as captain of Zimbabwe team he had a made lot o
acre farm in Zimbabwe. So it is not the lack of money but the greed for more money and lavish lifestyle pushing successful peo
Birthplace of of Lord Hanuman: 1) Karnataka claims Hanuman was born on Anjeyanadri Hill in the valley of the Tungabhadra ne
to correspond to Kishkinda of the Ramayana. 2) Andhra Pradesh-based Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams, on the other hand, cla
be in Anjanadri in the Seven Hills of Tirumala.
China is playing mind game by using terms like QUAD - ASIAN NATO. We do not have such military vision. Says India's foreign
India-France and Meeting of the Foreign Ministers, but views differ on how to handle the Myanmar situation
Corona: Education ministry postponed the CBSE class 12 exam and cancelled the class 10 exam.
Coronavirus natural calamity? Disaster Management Act, 2005 → State disaster response fund srdf →Union State 75:25 contribu
calamity but not yet defined as Natural Calamity so state governments are unable to use the money from this fund to help indiv
writes to prime minister.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ CCI’s antitrust plan: Select staff to view competitor’s confidential info
MSME development board- a Statutory body under the m s m e act chaired by the Union Minister. 46 members- 26 from official
industrial side. Controversy that all of the industry side are affiliated with BJP.
Spectrum given to the telecom companies: Union government is the legal owner of the spectrum. Telecom company is only giv
spectrum. Therefore if a telecom company is undergoing Insolvency proceedings → The spectrum itself cannot be treated as 'as
owner is Government and not the company- says National Company Law appellate Tribunal.
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS, Statutory body under Ministry of Consumer Affairs). → Gold jewellery hallmarking (to certify p
15th June 2021 (Originally the deadline was 15 January).
Nepotism: Kerala Lokayukt found Minority Welfare Minister KT Jaleel guilty of favoritism/nepotism, Because he had Illegally app
Manager of the Kerala state minority finance Development Corporation. He has tendered resignation. Separately he was also ac
misappropriation of Kerala floods fund, bridge construction funds. In the past Kerala Lokayukt had even made adverse reports a
Minister Oommen Chandy but he had not resigned. Lesson? Corruption and nepotism is not confined only to the states with low
of education.
Resignation: Austria Health Minister Rudolph resigns citing 1) I am exhausted with corona work and battling with the other offic
blood pressure problems and twice I had to take sick leave. The country needs a Health Minister who is 100% fit. (vs. India old
interested to leave the Minister job unless pushed out by others)
Cancel Culture: Some computer programmers are opposed to the racist words like “master” and “slave” and “whitelist” and “bla
to the Internet Engineering Task Force (A voluntary international organisation) to replace them with more 'neutral / inoffensive'
of 'blacklist'.
9/11 (september 2001) Attack on the the World Trade Centre → America had sent troops to Afghanistan → President Trump de
May 2021 But situation not fully stable so president Biden to keep 3000 troops beyond May and full withdrawl by 11th Septemb
the 9/11 attack.
130th birth anniversary of Dr.B.R.Ambedkar on 14th April- 1) His book "The Problem of the Rupee: Its Origin and Its Solution"
birth of RBI 2) As a labour member in Viceroy’s Executive Council from 1942 to 1946, he evolved numerous policies in the wate
sectors 3) Central Water Commission, Inter-State Water Dispute Act, 1956, and the River Board Act, 1956 emanate from his vis
Poona session in 1937, he introduced a Bill to abolish the Khoti system of land tenure in Konkan 5) As a member of the Bombay
opposed the introduction of the Industrial Disputes Bill, 1937, as it removed workers’ right to strike. 6) As chairman of the Cons
7) advocacy of the Hindu Code Bill was a revolutionary measure towards ameliorating women’s plight by conferring on them the
(2016) Modi govt developing Panchteerth — Janam Bhumi (Mhow), Shiksha Bhumi (London), Chaitya Bhumi (Mumbai), Diksha
Mahaparinirvan Bhumi (Delhi).
If High Court gives blanket order "XYZ Person shall not be arrested and no coercive steps are to be taken against him" But this
Officer's duty of conducting the investigation Because at every step accused person's lawyer will keep blocking Access to docum
account "this is coercive step". So high court must clarify why it is given such immunity?" - says SC.

Corona: Maharashtra curfew from 14th April till May 1. state government announces: 1) ₹1500 DBT To hawkers, auto rickshaw
workers. 2) Tribal family dbt 2000 rupees 3) 3 kilo wheat 2 kilo rice per person free for 1 month for NFSA beneficiaries etc. 4) n
marriage 5) no shooting of movies/ads including Vimal Guthka. 6) Lockdown in such key economic hubs can cost up to 1.25 bill
Corona: if Vaccine is already given emergency approvals by the US, EU, UK and Japanese / WHO → Indian government will no
phase 3 clinical trials. De-dhanaa-dhan (-fasttrack) approval to be given. Challenges? 1) Foreign manufacturers have already sig
different countries so they will not have the stock to sell to India 2) Our vaccine storage infrastructure capable of handling only
whereas Pfizer & Moderna Need to be kept at a very low temperature. 3) EU had given subsidies/grants to Pfizer While its vacc
and therefore Pfizer is selling the vaccine at $15 (EU) and $20 (USA). Indian government has not invested in this foreign compa
they may not sell us cheap. 4) India has about 100 million senior citizen population but only 40 million of them have taken vacc
hesitancy among the public is reduced the increased the supply of vaccine unlikely to help combating corona pandemic
2011: Japan massive earthquake near the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant. Its nuclear reactor got damaged and its cooling wat
Company wants to shut down the plant but they will have to release the water in Ocean- This move is strongly opposed by the
Korean Government. But Japanese cabinet has approved release in the next two years
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋SEBI Fines Yes bank for AT1 Bond Case (explained in Mrunal's Win20 Free economy lecture series)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ IF Insolvency bankruptcy code resolution process has started then other courts can't attach the property under Prev
act (PMLA)- says National Company Law appellate Tribunal.

Friendship: Consequence of putting friendship above institutional rules: Nirma University student Pallav shares Zoom lecture lin
Himanshu for education / learning purpose. Himanshu logs in with fake name "Faizaan Bakshi” and engages in Zoom-bombing
showing pornographic images & obscene videos→ girl students send complaints to National Commission for Women → Police se
to Canada. But Police arrested Niram Student Pallav for sharing the lecture link with unauthorised person. Points to consider: [1
injection- As IAS/doctor will you give it to your friend who says he needs it for a relative? (Counter? What if he does not require
black market at Higher price? And later on it is exposed and your name is also tarnished in the media?) [2) Your friend has lost
mania/PUBG Matches, he asks you (IAS) to temporarily loan him 50k from the govt funds- with the promise that within 10 days
recover and he will give you double the money for poverty-welfare fund! [3) You are a librarian at the Govt library with an offic
But your friend is preparing for the IAS exam and says "please allow me to sit & read till midnight. Because there is too much n
Will you do it with the risk that after a few days there are reports of stolen books / empty liquor bottles & used narcotic injectio
Officer should help their friends but not by violating the rules you can never be sure of their hidden motives.
1950s: Mao signed Treaty of alliance with Russia and fought against USA on Korean War. 1969: Russia China border conflict, R
Mao Ping Pong diplomacy with USA. 2021: USA imposed sanctions on both Russia and China so now they are again shaking han
there are no permanent friends and no permanent enemies. India should keep in mind this great power triangle between Russi
C.Rajamohan)
Shantir Ogrosena exercise: 10-day long Military exercise in Bangladesh in which troops from India, Sri Lanka, Bhutan and Bang
observers from the USA, UK, Russia, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Singapore.
Raisina Dialogue: organised by the MEA and the think tank ORF (Observer Research Foundation) for lecture/debate of eminent
geo-economics. Usually done at Delhi but Corona-2021: PM to inaugurate the VIRTUAL summit. Babu-Shonas (Especially those
advised not to waste time Watching its YouTube videos. Complete the Prelim & Mains exam syllabus first.
Nomadland” filmmaker Chloe Zhao became only the second woman, and the first woman of color, to win the BAFTA for best dir
Death: I A Rehman: Pakistani human right advocate, original born in Haryana (1930)
Hideki Matsuyama: First Japanese golfer to win Augusta Masters and green jacket
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Election: Election Commission of India imposes 24 hours ban on West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee for pr
Central armed police forces -And instigating women to do gherao of CAPF while other villagers went to vote.

Rajya Sabha: 2021-April: 3 seats fell vacant from Kerala, before the starting of Kerala State Assembly Elections. Kerala Vidhan S
2021. So, Election Commission did not organise the polls for Rajya Sabha seats from Kerala thinking 1) Vidhan Sabha election h
should not get chance to vote in Rajya Sabha election because people's will may have changed 2) Corona. Now Kerala HC orde
Vidhan Sabha because 1) it is up to the Commission to fix the schedule of election would not mean that the Commission can fix
the Commissioner to act fairly and legally 2) Election can be postponed if only any law-and-order situation or any practical impo
SUSHIL CHANDRA was appointed the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) replacing Sunil Arora. SUSHIL CHANDRA is the second
(IRS) officer to become CEC.
SC petition seeking deletion of 26 verses from the Quran which justified violence against non-Muslims”. SC dismissed the petitio
frivolous and also imposed ₹50000 fine.
Vaccine: Sputnik-V (Efficacy 92%) Russian Vaccine developed by Gamaleya National Research Institute Moscow Becomes the th
India after Covishield (Efficacy 51%, Serum Institute of India), and Covaxin (Efficacy 81%, Bharat Biotech). Sputnik's Indian ma
Dr Reddy laboratory In collaboration between Russian direct investment fund RDIF. Storage: The vaccine has to be stored at m
its lyophilized (freeze dried)form can be stored at 2°C to 8°C. It uses two different virus that causes common cold (adenovirus)
shots 21 days. Cost around 750 Rupees per shot.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋"RESERVE Bank of India (RBI) wants NPCi to regulate NUE to save time/money in supervision.This is a tip/scoop giv
Express. Let the RBI officially notify.
Little Guru: Sanskrit learning app by Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) was founded in 1950 by Maulana Abul Kalam A
Education Minister. ICCR an autonomous body under administrative control of Ministry of External Affairs.
Natanz - Nuclear facility of Iran suddenly faced electric blackout. Local media allege cyberattack by USA/Israel.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Jordan King's Royal rift with his brother
Death: Datta Iswalkar, Labour/Trade union leader Maharashtra
(GSM2) Freedom of speech: Chinese government launches a hotline for citizens to report "History Nihilists" Who are distorting t
version of Chinese history and Chinese culture online.
Use of AI: At Haridwar Kumbh, Uttarakhand Police to use AI-equipped cameras to zoom in on those not wearing masks

Remdesivir Antiviral injection manufactured in 2014 to treat Ebola. Can also be used for SARS and MERS and Corona. Problem?
UAE names two astronauts including one female (Noura al-Matroushi) for its Moon Mission. (Critics argue it is a divergent exerc
controversy involving their PM keeping daughter as Hostage) India's Gaganyan mission 2022 to send 3 astronauts in space. Pre
undergoing training- among them 3 will be sent. Critics argue/speculate that none of them are Indian women because The Elig
from the armed forces with minimum "X" hrs of flight training" - which did not have women. Although a female robot Vyom-Mit

Remdesivir: Antiviral injection used for treatment of Corona patients in ICU/Oxygen Supply. Suddenly a large scale shortage be
mafias Unnecessarily prescribing it for profiteering & when stock is over → insisting that patient himself must arrange 6 doses o
farzi youtubers, patients themselves become "self-taught experts" and demanding Remdesivir even for home isolation (Where i
does not prescribe it → relatives create Dhamaal in the hospital. As per coronavirus guidelines of Govt, Only government alone
hospitals. Chemists/pharma stores are not allowed to sell it directly to people. Separately ruling party state president starts dist
injections from ruling party office and uploads photos on social media. Opposition parties are outraged how did he get injection
allowed to distribute it? Simultaneous Dharna Pradarshan / Dhmaal by patients as well as opposition Parties. As Municipal comm
(IAS) how will you address this? Way Forward? Stakeholders: [1) Stop the political parties from distributing injections from their
a violation of the corona guidelines 2) farzi-youtuber political parties, patients, relatives, hospital, pharma companies. [3) Reduc
the Remdesivir. [4) Request National Medical Commission (NMC) To issue guidelines to prevent this "MBBS students turned farz
vlogger type videos with half-information 5) Deploy security personnel at hospitals for these 'self-expert corona patients & their
Union ministry for new stock & SOP/Treatment guidelines with different drugs e.g. Tocilizumab. [7) More stringent implementat
mask To prevent the spread of Corona. IF corona⏬then Injection demand ⏬
Role of Media: BBC cancelled its regular programming and aired special coverage hosted by black-clad news anchors throughou
Philip, the husband of Britain’s Queen Elizabeth. Too many Viewers complained to "this is too much coverage on one person. O
neglected." Then BBC setup 'Dedicated web page where users can complain about this!' In India too, after death of celebrities f
similar issues seen. some other angles in past by Indian Media: 1) Large Hadron Collidor /God Particle experiment: too much fe
Indian committed suicide 2) Corona- fearmongering in initial months- suicide attempt.
“Air bubble/Transport Bubbles" are temporary arrangements between two countries aimed at restarting commercial passenger
international flights are suspended by COVID-19 pandemic. INDIA HAS more than 25 such pacts. Latest entry Sri Lanka. 2020-G
for Ghar wapsi of NRIs in Corona.
China fines $2.75 billion on Jack-Ma (Alibaba E-commerce website/Ant-NBFC) for misusing his dominant position in e-commerce
merchants from using other online eCommerce platforms.
MNC Tax avoidance: Multinational corporations registered their company in Tax Haven/Low Tax nations like Luxembourg 1.39%
Cayman Islands 0.2 % to Avoid paying taxes to normal countries. India is Losing annually $100 cr and USA $500 cr by this. Ind
laws/rules -General anti avoidance rules (GAAR), Place of effective management (POEM)/significant economic presence 2) Chan
avoidance agreement (DTAA), Assigning Tax Information exchange agreements (TIEA), ratifying OECD treaty base erosion and
USA: Former President Donald Trump had reduced the corporation tax from 35% to 21%. New President Biden aims to increas
be given for American companies registered in Tax Haven / low corporation tax nations. Biden also urged G20 group of countrie
Corporation taxes of 21%
Singapore becoming the first country to ratify Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement.
endemic species: are plant and animal species that are found in a particular geographical region and nowhere else in the world.
a continent while the others can be endemic to an island. E.g., Lemurs of Madagascar, Snow leopard of Himalayas. They are 2.
extinct with global warming, Because it will damage their habitat And they cannot migrate/survive anywhere else. Therefore pro
deal - Keeping global warming below 2C is necessary.
Navegaon-Nagzira Tiger Reserve, Maharashtra - Some miscreants started forest fire.
Surat Municipal Corporation ordered Municipal school teachers to come for the night duty to count Corona dead bodies at the cr
Association opposed, "we are already overburdened with academic work, government duties related to various surveys, by-elec
corporation junior staff's stand, "Due to Corona lockdown teaching work is reduced, We are paying salary to the teachers so, be
work even if it requires counting the dead bodies!" As Municipal Commissioner (IAS) What will you do?
Rule of law/Impartiality/political neutrality: Norway's Police fined $2000 on Prime Minister Erna Solberg for breaking Covid-19 so
she organised a family gathering to celebrate her birthday. Whereas in India, ministers organise political rallies without much ca
distancing rules yet rarely serious action by Election Commission or Police or Municipal commissioner (IAS).
Gairsain Town: Previous Chief Minister Trivendra Singh Rawat had announced to make it the administrative Capital of Uttarakha
minister Tirath Singh Rawat has suspended it.
La Soufriere volcano: Erupted in Caribbean island of Saint Vincent
UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) does not authorise other States to carry military exercises or manoeuvres in an
Economic Zone and on the continental shelf without consent/legal-permission. However, USA Navy doesn't agree with this, and
navigation operation (FONOP) across the world.
India’s Territorial Waters - Continental Shelf- EEZ Act,1976 1) defines EEZ- an area beyond and adjacent to the territorial water
from baseline. 2) All foreign ship except the warships shall enjoy right of innocent passage.
US Navy 7th fleet's USS John Paul Jones had carried out a "US Freedom of Navigation operation", inside India’s exclusive econo
requesting India’s prior consent. India has been accommodative of these USFONOP operations in the past, not challenged the m
fleet. But this time American Navy released a press statement, So it has made the Government of India uncomfortable. Presiden
7th Fleet in 1971 War To evacuate American citizens from Bangladesh however in the later years declassified documents reveal
authorisation to American Navy to help Pakistani forces / attack Indian Army.
Italian ship enrica lexie- two Italy marine soldiers opened fired killing Kerala fisherman, arrested case going on.⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋
Death: PRINCE PHILIP, the Duke of Edinburgh, husband of Queen Elizabeth II, father of Prince Charles died. He was nephew o
Teaching in mother tongue: Gujlish project: Government of Gujarat directed Gujarati medium private schools to teach basic term
Science from class 1 to 10 in English medium. PIL in HC: This has reduced the score of students as they are unable to cope up
Government stand "this is beneficial for NEET/college studies"
Dr Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann: Founder of Homeopathy- His birthday 10th April Celebrated as World homeopathy d
"Homeopathy- the ultimate green medicine"
IFFCO: Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (Iffco), India's largest fertilizer seller has increased the the prices of of non urea fe
Non-urea fertilizers - decontrolled prices so companies are free to change them as per business model. 2) Input cost of ammon
phosphate⏫
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Us presidential envoy John Kerry visits India says 1) he did not talk about net zero emission targets with Modi 2) He
activism of Greta Thunberg ki saheli Disha Ravi.
2015: Yes Bank issued India's first green (infrastructure) bond. 2021: Ghaziabad Municipal corporation (Uttar Pradesh) first Mun
green bonds in India (150cr, 8.1%, 10 year tenure). it has 50cr green shoe option - extra 50cr ke bonds can also be issued (be
listed at Bombay Stock Exchange's BOND PLATFORM. ₹₹To be used for wastewater reuse
New code of conduct for IIM-C faculty: NO CRITICISING the institute or the government, no joining protest demonstrations tha
“decency,” No going press without permission, no politics, no signing joint petitions for redressal of grievances. 😰The rules are
Central Government employees service conduct rules and it undermines the academic independence of the the professors 🤩fav
schools success is judged on placement packages. Too much Political/civil rights/freedom/environment activism may discourage
for placements e.g. Israel/Palestine human right activitsm vs American Company owners fear about tweet by such student. The
schools should conduct themselves in different manner than Liberal Arts institutions.
Panandhro: Lignite coal mining area in Kutch, Gujarat. Reserves are exhausted so closed down.
Rohingya Refugees detained in Jammu → Government is working to deport them to Myanmar. Refugees petition to Supreme Co
will be subjected to genocide". Govt stand 1) Threat to National Security. 2) Nuisance of agents and touts that help illegal immi
1) They will be deported back as per the the procedures prescribed by the government of India
NETHRA KUMANAN (Chennai): First Indian women sailor to enter in Olympics-2021.
PLACES of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991: If any religious place was encroached before 15/Aug/1947- No court case ca
New case about Kashi Vishwanath vs Gyanvapi Mosque- uski ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋
(GSM2) Comparing constitution: Freedom of speech in other countries: 1) Pakistan Penal Code → Amendment Bill : Any criticism
forces will be subjected to 2 year jail & fine.
“vaccination utsav” between the birth anniversaries of icons Jyotiba Phule (April 11) and B R Ambedkar (April 14).
Johnson and Johnson single-shot vaccine trial to start in India
Particle physics → Standard model → three fundamental forces ( electromagnetic, weak interactions, and strong interactions), t
quarks, six leptons. The muon is one of the leptons. It is similar to the electron, but 200 times larger, and much unstable. USA
experimentation: "muons g minus 2".
G-SAP Program: Before: RBI conduct open market operations (OMO) to buy and sell government securities. But it was done in
firefighting manner. So, the investors did not know when exactly it would be done: fuelling more anxiety and speculation. After
Acquisition Programme (G-SAP) 1.0 to buy ₹1 lakh cr worth of G-Sec in Q1-2021-22. 🤩1) Investors given a timeline /calendar.
2) It will help stabilizing the The yields of government securities similar to Operation Twist.
RBI Monetary policy committee April meeting- 1) repo unchanged @4%. basics explained at earlier video https://www.youtube
2) Existing schemes like TLTRO, WMA, funding to AIFI (NABARD, SIDBI etc) continued/extended till September 2021.
IMF special drawing rights (SDR) ⏫ by $650 billion to help during Corona. SDR allotted on 'pro-rata' basis (i.e. If America's orig
then in new $650 billion It may have to contribute that much proportion. So in reality the share holding pattern may not change
capital/funds available to IMF for giving as loans to needy country will change) 2) plan to give Debt service suspension to 3rd w
loan moratorium similar to RBI).
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋PLI scheme for White goods like LED/air conditioner
Pariksha pe Charcha - Education ministry initiative where Prime Minister interact with students and teachers online: "Destination
choices based on relatives/neighbours' kids- So if their relative or neighbours child failed in a particular career they avoid it. But
master the core subject / area/career which is interesting them.

Social media fake news: Guj HC Suggested 3 to 4 days lockdown but Gujarat government imposed only night curfew → fake ne
Minister son is getting married so he did not impose the curfew for his own celebration". CM denied "My son is not getting marr
Attitude towards women: Pakistan PM Imran Khan- "If women remained in veil/pardah/hijab then Men will be less tempted to r
not have strong will power to control his lust" Prime minister has displayed a batting ignorance / patriarchial attitude of how rap
victim for the crime. Even Pakistan human right Commission criticized this.
E-governance: Jammu Kashmir annual Darbar move exercise - Administrative Secretariat was shifted from Jammu to Srinagar in
winter. 2021- “only 10 trucks worth of sensitive records/files to be sent to Srinagar’’ reason: e-office module/paperless administ
GSM3: Social media- ISI agents now contacting small criminal in India (of any religion) using Facebook & sending them ₹20-25
weapons from UP/Madhya Pradesh→ assassinate Rival gang target share news link to ISI handler on Facebook → later offering t
acts of sabotage like setting fire in garment shops / damaging railway lines etc. Police arrested module in Ahmedabad.
ISIS has lost ground in Iraq and Syria so, now They are providing support to civil wars in Africa, Nigeria, Mozambique, Somalia
1) ISIS gets new recruits 2) African rebels/militants Gaining more clout/fear/funding/weapon/training/license to rape murder &
of ISIS.
Pakistan: First visit by Russian foreign minister in a decade. He promises to sell them "Special military equipment". Although Pa
'We have no hostile design towards any country!'
Saurabh Kirpal: His name recommended by Supreme Court collegium for appointment as judge in Delhi High Court. Although g
file to SC, with objection that Kirpal's Partner associated with some European organisation which is having conflict of interest. W
can withdraw the name OR B) collegium can resend the same name, Then it will be binding for the government - If appointed h
gay judge.

Tribunals Reforms (Rationalisation and Conditions Of Service) Ordinance, 2021: Many small time tribunals have been removed r
the litigant 2) These tribunals have not reduced workload of High Court in a significant manner. 3) too many chairpersons' salar
burden: example: Cinematograph Act, 1952: Central Board of Film Certification (censor board) → Film Certification Appellate Tr
under the ministry of Information and Broadcasting), has been removed. Similarly tribunals under the Following acts removed :
Act, 1970; Airport AuthorityofIndiaAct,1994;Trade Marks Act, 1999; Geographical Indications Of Goods(Registration and Protect
Plant Varieties and Farmers’RightsAct,2001;Control of National Highways (Land and Traffic)Act,2002- their tribunals have been
Cinematograph Act, 1952: Central Board of Film Certification (censor board) gives film certification in 4 categories: 1) U: Unrest
(Suitable for all age groups) 2) U/A: Parental guidance for children under age 12. 3) A: Restricted to adults(Suitable for 18 year
To A Specialised Group Of people, such as engineers, doctors or scientists. If a filmmaker is unhappy he can appeal to Film Cer
(FCAT- A statutory body under the ministry of Information and Broadcasting). But now 10 such tribunls has been removed. Film
High Court
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Ex-CEA Subramanian A. criticising Present CEA Subramanian K. On the interest rate growth differential countercyclic
Mrunal's Win21 Lecture on Pillar#2: Budget.
Corporate governance if same person is occupying the position of Chairman and/cum managing director (e.g. Mukesh Ambani)-
making ⏬. So SEBI wants spitting of the CMD post between two people. Rule to be applicable on top 500 listed forms before 1
Vivad se Vishwas- Attempt to settle Direct tax dispute outside the court. Original target was 2 lakh cr but hardly about 50kcr Re
coming from Government companies.
Mandatory for the importer and exporter to verify their identity PAN card number Aadhar card number as well as physical verific
Benefit? Smuggling & tax evasion ⏬. Lesson? If we allow everything on self certification faceless online registration method For
always in the best interest of public administration/
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Appointment of Secretary (IAS) in Department of Revenue Department of economic affairs. Person in the news not i
randomly get transferred or retired. Dynamically changing information - debatable answer key - Intelligent examiners avoid it.
Forbes annual world billionaires list 1) Amazon's Jeff bezos for the fourth consecutive 2) Tesla's Elon Musk.
Unicorn club -Startup company with valuation over 1 billion dollar. e.g. Byjus, Unacademy etc. Credit card payment app CRED a
Attitude towards women: Sympathy for domestic workers/maid/Construction worker: 1) India has not ratified the ILO conventio
states do not enforce the minimum wages 2) Poor families in tribal districts given advance money by the contractor for the wed
repaying previous loans → girl taken away. She cannot leave the maid-job even if the employer is harassing her because the ad
her family. 3) So even though she is given wages, she is a literate person but she's a bonded labourer. way forward 1) financia
PM Awas yojana etc housing schemes 3) mass wedding

Police reform: In Prakash Singh v. Union of India (2006): 1) Minimum tenure for the DGP, But most States don't have it. 2) Set
To enquire into misconduct by police officers. But most state govts have not set it up. Some States have set up but they are he
officers instead of judges, so independence/impartiality is doubted by activists/critiques. 3) Even in the states where police com
following problems found e.g. Gujarat: 1) Very little awareness among the people about the existence of Gujarat State Police Co
website (gspca.gujarat.gov.in) is not easily searchable through Google / sitemaps of other govt websites 3) It can only investiga
officers of DySP rank or above- But in most cases DySP Will not demand bribe/extortion directly. it will be done through his sub
inspector/head constable level. 4) More awareness generation is required similar to Anti corruption Bureau posters on social me
Donbass - region of Ukraine, Russia supported militants/separatists causing civil war. So, Ukraine govt wants to become a mem
fear that A) Russia may annex the region similar Ukraine's Crimea (2014) or B) Putin may use To divert media/public attention
crisis involving i) Sanctions on Russia for poisoning opposition leader Aleksei Navalny ii) Constitutional amendments to extend P
may put India in a tight spot to balance its relationship between QUAD/USA/EU while While purchasing S400 missiles from Russ
Shuttle diplomacy: negotiations conducted by a mediator who travels between two or more parties that are reluctant to hold dir
not willing to meet with USA officials- So diplomats of Britain and France and Germany work as Mediators carrying the message
Reached an agreement to set up a working group to restore the 2015-Iran Nuclear Deal. Ping-pong diplomacy - exchange of ta
between the United States (US) and China in the early 1970s
Thingyan Water Festival- Buddhist new year in Myanmar. Although protesters are boycotting it because of the prachand-dhama
Election: Sometimes critics say: Urban/educated people are more cynical to a democracy and they do not participate in election
despite covid restriction and high level of literacy - Kerala state assembly election Voter participation (77%-2016) and (74%-20
Covid-19 Taskforce: Chief Dr.VK Paul: NITI Member. New strategy- "Give vaccines to those who need it. Our priority should not
who want it.
Corona total number of death cross 30 lakh in 2021-April. USA: country with highest number of total deaths - 5.55 lakhs.
Insolvency bankruptcy code ordinance 2021: 1) IBC suspension no longer extended. Fresh cases can be registered for biz loans
pack for MSME upto ₹1cr. A pre-pack is a resolution agreement between borrower - lenders - investors instead of a public biddi
SBI|PNB- Tata Vistara airline. If 66% financial creditors (Bank,NBFC etc) approve then placed before National Company Law Tri
Challenge allowed: If Tata Vistara was willing to buy 60% of Jet Airways shareholding at 100cr. But this amount is insufficient t
creditors (suppliers/contractors etc of the Jet Airways whose payments are pending) then Swiss challenge will be done: Wherei
SpiceJet, Indigo etc. may also start bidding for better offer.

Global minimum tax: US President Joe Biden proposed to increase Corporation tax to 28%. US Treasury secretary Janet Yellen
agree on a global corporate minimum tax rate. So that governments across the world can have stable tax revenue to run the w
LG Electronics has decided to shut down its loss making mobile phone division.
Bambi Bucket is A helicopter bucket to deliver water for aerial firefighting. Indian Air Force helicopters using it to collect water f
forest fire in Uttarakhand.
Bombay High court orders Central Bureau of intelligence CBI To conduct preliminary enquiry into the allegation against Maharas
Deshmukh accused of demanding monthly ₹100cr Haftaa-wasooli. Home minister finally resigns.
Why IAS? Rehabilitation of Displaced persons: Orissa Kendrapara district more than 700 families lived in a group of villages but
sand & saline water, it was impossible to continue farming & residence. Male members were forced to migrate to Tamilnadu Ke
magistrate To provide 10 decimals of land (400sq meter) and rupees 1.5 Lakh to construct house under Biju pakka Ghar Yojana
Tropical cyclone Saroja: Indonesia and East Timor
Shitalakhsya River Bangladesh: boat drowning, 26 dead.
The National Security Act (NSA) gives the state powers to arrest without formal charge or trial - To prevent a criminal harming
Pradesh state the number one reason for invoking NSA is cow slaughter. In many cases Allahabad High Court quashed the case
and Criticized the district magistrates for mechanical passing order merely based on police report. sometimes Real/hidden reaso
2) property dispute/jealousy between neighbours and relatives.

LWE (Left wing extremism): 1) Local police has the keyrole to play in Controlling the Maoist. CRPF (Cobra commands) alone can
have knowledge of the local dialects or network of local intelligence. 2) Example of state police special units commandos: Andh
(c60 force), Jharkhand (Jaguar), W.Bengal (Straco). Whereas in Chhattisgarh the local police yet to take serious initiative. 2) De
Deny Strategy need to be adopted. 3) Andhra Greyhound formed 1989. Every IPS officer in the Andhra cadre required to spend
with them, So they have better coordination with Greyhound Commandos in the later years. 4) W.Bengal: Phone intercept and
Undercover agents. 2011: State police killed top Maoist leader Kishan ji afterwards no incident since 2014. 5) Odisha: After killin
and doing Administrative development work in in Koratpur Malkangiri region- LWE problems is under control. 6) Maharashtra m
-Areas close to Chhattisgarh. Maharashtra c60 Commandos trained by NSG & Also knowledge of the Marathi language help in ru
villages. 7) Chhattisgarh: local people were armed to fight the Maoists under banner "Salwa Judum". But 2008 Supreme Court o
not to fund this Local militia vigilantism. Salwa Judum declined, But there is no proportionate improvement in the state police o
Chhattisgarh police has set up district reserve guard (DRG) using Tribal youth and surrender maoist but it is a relatively young o
and Independence required. If they take out the Maoist leader Hidma It will help but Chhattisgarh jungle area lack of Telephon
intelligence is few days old and their lack of good roads- Patrolling and Rapid response also difficult.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, 1949, HQ Brussels, Belgium.), military alliance led by USA and selected European na
USSR after WW2/during Cold War. Need for Indian NATO dialogue / Partnership: 1) India is not interested in becoming a memb
interested in making India member but common ground against terrorism, Pakistan and China is possible. 2) After the breakup
involved in civil war/ anti-terror ops in Iraq, Libya Afghanistan & peace keeping operation in Yugoslavia Serbia Bosnia Kosovo et
NATO can help during Indian NRI/worker rescue etc. / Securing the energy resources 3) India already conducts military exercis
who are members of NATO. So there should not be much ideological problem in talking with NATO 4) Russia and China are join
based sanctions from USA and European Union in 2021. So India also needs to make more friends 5) After independence India
Europe through the lens of another colonization / NAM-ki-Pipudi so avoided deeper engagements but Europe is not a single mo
groupings which have their own agenda as an India needs to to engage with them individually for example a) Visegrad Four (Cz
Poland and Slovakia) b) Nordic Region: Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland c) Franco-German Alliance for Multilate
after BREXIT. So we need to to engage with them for our strategic and economic interest (Column C.Rajamohan)
Russian constitutional amendments: 1) President Putin can continue for two more times until 2036 2) Supremacy of Russian law
sanction 3) Same sex marriages outlawed 4) Belief in God is core value. Points to reflect- How is Indian constitution better /Diff
Petrol pe Union tax per litre: Basic excise ₹1.40 + Special additional excise ₹11 + ₹18 Road Infrastructure cess + ₹2.50 Agricul
development cess (💼Budget-2021). and then State VAT ₹20 per litre.
Diesel pe Union tax: Basic excise ₹1.80 + Special additional excise ₹18 + ₹18 Road Infrastructure cess + ₹4 Agriculture infrastr
(💼Budget-2021). and then State VAT ₹15 per litre.
Petrol diesel tax per litre. EU (45-60%), Canada 15-30%, USA exception (15%). Presently India - Union Excise (approx ₹32 per
litre) This translates to around total tax on base price of petrol @135% & diesel@116%. If replaced with highest GST slab (28%
each for Union and State - Loss of over 4 lakh cr On petrol and diesel taxes in GST system compared to present (Excise VAT) re
governments are willing to take deep cuts in their revenue
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Delhi HC judgement on Cairn- Now Income Tax Department wants to collect more tax
0 GST on gift voucher (e.g. Amazon gift card) → But when goods/service are purchased using that gift voucher, Appropriate GS
mobile bought.
Death: India's first environment minister Digvijaysinh Jhala from Wakaner Morbi Gujarat. He was environment minister in 1982-
Persuaded the Indian Railways to switch from wooden sleepers to Reinforced cement concrete (RCC) sleepers to ⏬ tree cutting
tree cutting was not a priority concern in India till early 80s.
Uttarakhand Forest Fire: 1) 3rd week of May peak temperature is highest. dry spell, dry grass smallest incidence of bidi/cigar ca
villagers going to collect firewood/Minor forest produce 2) Farmers burning crop Residue 3) Tourist and mischievous elements.
union government to send helicopters Per tracking and dousing fire.
Amreli district ASP ordered the ruling party workers to disperse from a park due to corona/night-curfew. workers' side "We were
camp and sitting arrangement as our party president was coming, and ASP slapped us" ASP: "I did not slap anyone. Some verb
and pulling happened. We told them to come with us but they refused." Outcome: ASP transferred to the State Reserve Police F
to consider: 0) Stakeholder : Political workers, Policeman & his responsibility, Public at large 1) While it is a good thing that poli
vaccination camps but nowadays this culture of "showing off" for political gains & social media- more gathering of mass. Difficu
distancing and night curfew norms are not applied to ruling party workers 2) IPS officers instantly transferred at the Complaint
⏫Confidence of Baahubali elements & ⏬morale of police. 3) CCTV, Police Bodycam to find who slapped/pushed whom 4) Need
Police Board / state security commission for transfer posting promotion of police officers without political Interference. 5) Until t
work with more tact, in "difficult" districts. Smoother relations / coordination with the local political leaders required instead of d
followers on the street. 6) गुलाब या कमल का फू ल देकर ह्रदय परिवर्तन करवाना चाहिए.
Gujarat- usually Primary Government schools shift from afternoon (10:30AM to 5PM-6.5hrs) to morning session (7:30AM to 12:
save children from the heat wave. But in 2021: not done promptly. Education department's justification- "Additional teaching ho
the covid-19 loss". One Govt Teacher's Facebook post- "Why Is It That Officers show authority only in front of teachers and kee
pass ministers and MLAs.Officers need to tell the government to withdraw some of its Tughlakhi (whimsical) decisions. And as f
they(officers)don't seem even the slightest worried about the children." Way Forward: 1) Show Cause Notice to teacher becaus
prohibited from speaking or writing against Government orders In public platform / social media 2) Teaching Hours School timin
Keeping the best interest of academic loss in Corona as well as heat wave.
Rajkot Primary Health Care Centre: Doctor and lab technicians are not doing the RT- PCR tests in contact tracing. They would s
names and mobile numbers and send the kits Then the report will come negative "Everything is under control in our area!" / Ma
to private clinics. News channel highlighted → CM orders the Rajkot district magistrate to dismiss the doctor from service. Way
modern day cutting-edge workers at tehsil level (Doctors, nurses,teachers, police, tahsildar,Forest officer)- Habit of just sitting i
from home" from city (for coaching of child for 10-12-NEET/IIT). [2) Reactionary approach of acting/punishing only after Sting
- Not good governance. Proactive Vigilance required. [3) Dismissal is justified for dereliction of duty in the times of Corona and
lethargic Government doctors.
Chhattisgarh- Bastar District Maoist attack: 22 Policemen/Commandos martyred. Worst attack in last 4 years: 1) Quality of the i
Maoist knew their Messages were intercepted by the security forces that they used to dupe them that 1000 Maoists had gathere
of the villages were totally empty, meaning villagers had fled knowing about the upcoming attack, so, accordingly the security f
the patrolling. 3) Body of the injured/Dead Commandos were not retrieved immediately. Maoist got enough time to loot their w
wireless walkie-talkies.
(Diaspora) Vaccine nationalism: 1) Even though 70% of Kuwait's population is migrant workers, but corona vaccination 6x more
born-citizens over migrants. 2) British Prime Minister Boris Johnson proposes covid passport those who have taken vaccine can
sports stadiums, Rock concerts etc. This may further increase the discrimination for the immigrant workers / housewives if they
facility.
National Maritime Day was first celebrated on April 5, 1964. Indian shipping industry first started on April 5, 1919, when the SS
Scindia Steam Navigation Company Ltd travelled from Mumbai to the United Kingdom (London), marking a crucial step for India
routes were controlled by the British.
Death: (If GPSC) Makrani Ibrahim (pen name) Khalil Dhantejvi: Gujarati Gazal maestro, native of Dhantej village. Some of his g
Singh.
Death: (If MhPSC)Table tennis players Suhas Kulkarni from Maharashtra
Death: Shooting coach Sanjay Chakravarti -He had also won Dronacharya Award (2017), Had trained Anjali Bhagwat and other
Charismatic Prime Ministers and Chief Ministers of India behave in America like "Presidential" form of government -Where other
stamps. Tamil Nadu- Presence of powerful chief minister Kamaraj Karunanidhi MG Ramachandran Jayalalitha - Other ministers d
"Bowing down as the chief Minister's helicopter lands", Taking every small decision only after approval of the Chief Minister not
conferences by themselves. But after the death of Jayalalitha charismatic chief Minister era ended- State cabinet ministers beca
helped in faster decision making and good governance.
The people who count the votes decide everything. — JOSEPH STALIN. So if Election Commission not working in an impartial a
difficult to for democracy to functions perfectly.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Adjusted gross revenue case again in Supreme Court
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋What will RBI do in the repo rate ? Arre Bhai meeting ho do.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Company can give only salary to the Independent directors But not stock option (As it will undermine his independen
think it is necessary to motivate him for taking personal interest.
Why IAS/ Officer like quality (MP): women self help groups (SHG) formed under various Government schemes, but often they s
because confined to soap,saree,agarbatti making without Branding packaging marketing refinements. Madhya Pradesh- Lady AD
maker women self help groups with National Institute of Fashion Technology and National Institute of Design → fashion photog
Fashion Magazine → ⏫Demand in the hand printed sarees.
Why IAS/ Officer like quality (Vadodara): Insurance companies would not release the claim on time so Corona Hospital will not
😰1) Patient will be made to pay extra from his pocket.😰2) Hospital beds and occupied unnecessarily, during Corona. So, Using
act 1897 Municipal commissioner (IAS) orders Insurance companies to release the cashless claim 12 hours ahead of the corona
hospital.
Why IAS? 4 Minute Hindi Movie "The Lockdown" - About a mother starting prostitution to recharge her daughter's mobile so she
school fees & other household expenses- gets Berlin flash Film Award & Short listed for Cannes Film Festival. Director Abhishek
real life story. Role IAS /DM to ensure Govt schemes for Free public Wi-Fi (Digital India, PM WANI), electricity (SAUBHAGYA), L
(Subsidised food), even DBT of ₹1500 to women Jan Dhan Account in Corona etc. reach all the beneficiaries in timely manner.
Why IAS/IPS? (Noida) Residents feed poisoned milk to stray dogs after a dog bites a child. Animal rights activists shoot viral vid
register the complaint. Only after Lok Sabha MP Maneka Gandhi intervention post-mortem was conducted. Authorities failed to
menace / dog-murder. Broken window theory: Today mob poisoning the stray dogs, tomorrow vigilantism and mob lynching.
World's highest Railway Bridge over river Chenab. Bridge is 359 m above the River Chenab i.e. 35 meters higher than Eiffel tow
Location? Reasi district of Jammu and Kashmir / Katra Banihal Railway line connecting Bakkal (Katra) and Kauri (Srinagar) Chall
km per hour, Chenab river is in the middle of seismic zone 4.
(Diaspora) 2008: Government of India's policy that only citizens of India eligible to represent the country in international sports
eligible. 😰Counter? Afghanistan has allowed Overseas citizens to play for the national football team & winning matches, Where
suffering losses due to Lack of better players.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Chess Cheater Dadang Subur vs IM Irene Sukandar match viral on youtube. NOTIMP unless Chess is hobby in Inter
Election: Assam BJP minister Himanta Biswa Sharma was banned for objectionable remarks during election rally for 48 hrs → EC
Expressed "unconditional regret." EC's lack of strict action against star campaigners → hate speech in election rallies ⏫
Corona 2nd Wave: When citizens and ministers behave in an irresponsible manner difficult to contain Corona 1) Assam Health M
Sharma "No need to wear mask, Corona has gone, will tell you when it returns! How will beauty parlours run if we wear masks?
more than 161 crore fine for mask violation. Proving the lack of discipline among people

NFT: Robot Sophia: 2017 granted Saudi Arabian citizenship, becoming the world’s first robot citizen. She created a digital painti
→ Non-fungible token (NFT) Auction for more than 6 lakh$$. Sophia created by David Hanson/Hanson Robotics (Hong Kong ba
PPP: Public private partnership in airport management: 😰 Once private company gets the right to manage the airport they alwa
BEFORE: Airport Authority of India (Statutory body under Ministry of Civil Aviation) Directly managed Ahmedabad International
Later, Adani got the right to manage Parking fees hiked to ₹90-150 depending on vehicle & hrs. The Free parking time 10 minu
from the entry gate to airport, Time taken to unload the luggage / wishing goodbye- 10 minutes insufficient. So you have to sh
(Earlier Adani kept Free parking only 5 minutes!).
PPP: Public private partnership in Hospital management: 1) Parking fees 2) Relatives charged ₹₹ even for meeting patients 3) S
admission form, separate fee for 'discharge form' etc. Allegations that some transaction done in cash & Receipts not disclosed t
evasion. 4) Doctor/nurses/ staff not paid minimum wages so engage in various way To Loot money from patient parallelly, whil
eye.
Ministry of Electronics and information technology (MEITY) → Common service centres (CSC): Help the villagers apply for variou
competitive exams, check exam results, print Internet browsing etc. 2020: CSC started Gramin e-store concept - Allowing the v
(VLE) To sell their products online. Amazon Walmart Offered tieups/tech upgrades but Government refused citing need for inde
private companies misusing the dominant positions.
Naliya Great Indian Bustard sanctuary in Kutch, Gujarat -Forest fire.
Assam Lok Sabha election- Ratanbari polling station- voting concluded Polling officer head to bring the Electronic voting machin
But his government vehicle broke down on the road. Meanwhile local BJP leader's supporters offered him lift in a personal vehic
ride, the opposition mob stopped the vehicle, held the polling officer hostage & started circulating photos and videos of EVM ma
District Election Officer/District Magistrate (IAS) What will you do? Ans. 1) Send a police party to rescue the polling officer and c
enquiry in the tempering of the EVM machine. Even if no tempering is found, still conduct fresh voting To instill the faith of vote
the polling station because transport protocol has been violated. Under no circumstances should a polling officer take an EVM m
private place. 4) Suspend the polling officer, investigate his negligence/bona-fide intentions.
Corruption: organised corruption in the police: 1) money taken on a regular basis from restaurants, liquor shops and dance bars
hierarchy and the politicians. 2) Network of politically connected brokers who were taking bribes for manipulating lucrative assig
home minister became virtually de facto police chief of the state and that the director-general of police been reduced to a non-e
Supreme Court had recommended setting up state security Commission to look after the posting promotion and transfer of poli
implemented. Way forward? 1) Maharashtra Sachin Waze 100cr monthly target crisis can be converted into an opportunity. Bre
politicians, bureaucrats, police and criminals. 2) debar persons of criminal background from entering politics. 3) police functiona
robust criminal justice system 4) Restaurant/bar etc regulate the building/land ownership, working hours, CCTV monitoring: Usu
beyond the stipulated hours, serve liquor without permit/to minors, prostitution, drugs etc. Then police get the opportunity to d
bribes. (Column Prakash Singh: Page6 A'bad Edition)
University governance: 1) Stakeholders: — faculty, staff, students, parents, accrediting bodies, government departments, regul
partners, and donors 2) University should be measured for intangible-outcomes like intellectual growth, holistic personality/Cha
instead Nowadays monitored on: number of students admitted, Placement package level, profitability etc. 3) ⏫Profitability: Les
number of students & assign Clerical administrative task to the teachers - Personal mentoring and character development⏬ 4)
Autonomy in research⏬ : democratisation of knowledge⏬ (Column C.Raj Kumar, Page7, A'bad Edition)
Shigmo, or Shigmotsav, is the rice/paddy harvest festival by tribal communities of Goa. Celebrated in March/April month depend
Associated folk dances: Ghodemodini (a dance of equestrian warriors), Gopha and Phugadi. 😰Section 144 of the Criminal Proce
March 27 prohibiting public gatherings ahead of Holi, Sabh-e-Barat, Easter and Eid-Ul-Fitr.
Nostra Dame Cathedral Paris. It was damaged in the fire now reopened.
Narcotic Drugs: Home ministry/BSF probe that Punjab farmers/Factory owners use bonded labourers from Bihar and Uttar Prad
drugs to extract long hours of working. Although Punjab State Govt opposed to this defamation of the farmers
Peace is not absence of conflict, it is the ability to handle conflict by peaceful means- Former US President Ronald Reagan
Pakistan Govt's Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) on 31st March- Announcement to import cotton and sugar from India
cabinet did "U-Turn".
Election: Election Commission bars senior BJP leader Himanta Biswa Sarma from campaigning, holding any public meetings,pub
roadshows, interviews and public utterances in media (electronic, print, social media) in connection with ongoing Assam Electio
comments against leader of Bodoland People's Front
Right to Education Act: 25% Reservation to economically weaker sections in the private schools. But this is not applicable to mi
Educational Trust judgement- approved this rule/policy/norm. Counter argument? Article 14 equality before the law -But here m
institutes are treated unequally. (Many other case rulings are also cited regarding Fundamental right versus educational institut
law is your optional subject. Column Aankhi Ghosh)

Corona stopping second wave. How to stop A] Covid appropriate behaviour (CAB) enforcement. ✅Use police and disaster mana
penalty ✅Use of local officials, political, cultural,sports, social media & religious influencers to disseminate masks and physical d
spreader events- Schools, colleges, gym, hotel, festivals, fair/melas, Wedding, funeral, social and religious congregations ✅ Vac
wastage B] Treatment ✅Setup micro containment zones, Command area, Daily reporting, ⏫number of isolation bed/oxygen/ve
required ✅minimum 25-30 persons' contact tracing for every infected patient → Compulsory Rapid antigen test (RAT). If negat
like Corona → / RT-PCR tests✅Prompt isolation Of infected persons. If home Quarantine given monitor them daily By visiting in
Chickenpox (छोटी माता) usually occurs only once. After contracting the virus, a person will have lifetime immunity to it, he/she will
coronavirus: 4.5% Re infection cases found in a study by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). Counter? Even the cured
amount of virus left in the body for upto 3 months, which will be give positive test.
Narmada canal broke 100 times in last 2 yrs- admits Gujarat govt in Vidhan Sabha. Reason 1) Corruption: substandard quality o
maintenance 2) Farmers illegally drilling holes in the canal to insert their own pipelines to steal water. Why is canal breaking ba
Flora Fauna 2) crops destroyed → Same farmers demand compensation from Govt → additional burden on taxpayers.

Economic policy uncertainty 1) 2021-April: Department of economic affairs announced reducing the small saving interest rate →
minister says it was a mistake.No changes. (Perhaps because of the adverse impact on West Bengal election. Top-3 contributor
UP, MH. Previously "undo"-ing decision after public protest: [2) Income Tax surcharge on Foreign portfolio investors (FM Nirma
tax on EPF withdrawal. Past Economic Surveys Criticized such economic policy uncertainty because it harms the saving behaviou
of doing business, Bureaucrats become risk-averse and start to take decisions with political considerations → Policy paralysis.
Lateral Entry/ Generalist Specialist: Ministry of personnel → Department of personnel and training (DOPT) → Public Enterprises
Responsible for selection of Chairman, Managing Director, executive director in Central public sector enterprises (CPSE/ Govern
Coal India etc. BEFORE: Usually a senior IAS officer would be appointed as the chairman of this board. (Although private sector
appointment) 2021: Mallika Srinivasan CMD of Tafe tractor company appointed for 3 years / 65 age. Benefit? 1) More insight an
CMDs. 2) if More talented persons are selected to head CPSE- Profitability ⏫. Separately there is a bank board Bureau under th
Department of financial services for selecting public sector bank and public sector nbfc's top officials.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋IL&FS sells 49% shareholding of a Chinese Road company (Not for patriotism), but to pay the Bank of Baroda loans
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Automobile sales increased 1) by Low base effect [i.e.Depending on the denominator of previous year figure- the pe
80)/80- 12.5% whereas (100-90)/90-11% Even though in both cases the absolute increase in the car sales is only 10 cars. But
low base effect] 2) personal mobility demand : corona - Restrictions/infection fears in bus/rail/airplanes- So people begin to thin
vehicle /car.

Environmental ethics: Aristotle wrote two ethical treatises: the Nicomachean Ethics and the Eudemian Ethics. Nicomachean Ethi
[When applied to climate change] 1) Distributive Justice: Climate change funding should be distributed in the principles of equit
emission by 2050 China is singing this tune just to appease the American and European Union policy makers so as to sign the t
violates the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR-RC) i.e. First world countr
funding in combating the climate change compared to third world countries. 2) commutative justice: Requires fairness in all typ
Paris Deal- First world countries agreed to donate billions of dollars but in reality not doing so 3) Corrective justice: Giving punis
injustice and/or Giving compensation to the victim. But not happening in climate change, In letter and spirit.
Dada Saheb Phalke award by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting: Rajinikanth (Original name Shivaji Rao Gaikwad, Marath
Karnataka)
World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Report 2021: Top5- Iceland Finland Norway Newzealand Sweden.... #140:India (2
year) ...#156 Afghanistan. (Our other neighbours Bangladesh Nepal Pakistan Bhutan and Sri Lanka ranked ahead of India). Glo
monitors four parameters 1) economic participation and opportunity (Labour force participation rate less than 25%, etc) 2) edu
less than 70%, women in college less than 30%) 3) health and survival, and 4) political empowerment (India less than 15% pa
10% ministerial positions by women).
Small saving schemes e.g. Public provident fund, Kisan Vikas Patra: you invest from Bank/Post Office → ₹₹ National Small Savin
government, Food Corporation of India etc. Finance ministry's department of economic affairs ⏬ interest rate by 0.4-1.1% Due
revenue income insufficient to pamper public with high level of savings interest rates.
RBI act requires the government to decide the inflation targeting after Consulting with the Governor every five years. Originally
from 2016 31/3/2021. Now same extended till 31/3/2026.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Deadlines extended for Aadhar PAN card linking (june30), foreign trade policy(Sept30), emergency credit line guara
mandate for online transactions(Sept30), Labour codes etc.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Government to recapitalize 4 PSBs through Zero coupon bonds (finished in Win21 Lecture Pillar 1B2)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Production linked incentive scheme in food processing (Ref Win21 Lecture Pillar 4B)
Attitude towards women: Punjab State Government announces free of cost travel for women in all government buses this will h
state. 🤩Benefit? 1) Punjab already child sex ratio poor. Daughters are seen as a burden, it will help in their educational and eco
the state govts do not enforce minimum wages so often women employees may be earning less than ₹8000 per month in & Sp
monthly inter-city bus travel. 😰Availability of buses & safety & Cleanliness. Parking space safety/Rickshaw availability near Nea
Attitude towards transgender: US President Biden allows transgender persons to join Army and also eligibility to get medical tre
weakening La Nina conditions - summers to get hotter in northwest India says IMD
India-Pak: 2019 Pakistan banned import from India. 2020- Pak ended the Import ban on Indian Medical products due to Corona
Import ban of Indian cotton and sugar mainly because 1) Indian sugar is cheaper than other countries 2) Pakistan's desperation
explained in previous cells in Excel file e.g. IMF conditional loan, FATF Blacklist threat etc.
Jai Sofia- Cruise ship for conducting Sea tourism between Surat and Mumbai
(GSM2): Declining quality of debates in house: When a bill is to be passed in house, Its copy should be given to the members f
can study properly for debate e.g. Rajya Sabha (2 days in advance), Guj Vidhan Sabha: at least 4 days in advance but in Gujara
before taking it so the opposition MLA is unable to study/discuss it properly. 2021- Guj Speaker reprimands the government dep
(GSM2) Election: Kerala opposition leader created a website operationtwins.com -Containing list of 4.34 lakh bogus voters. 1) L
name and same photograph registered multiple times in multiple Constituency. Kerala High court orders the election commissio
voters & Not allow them to leave the premises until their (Silver nitrate indelible ink) ink has dried. ASD Voters - Absent (A) - fo
area for the most part of the year, Shifted (S) - for those who have shifted out of the address on the electoral list, and Dead (D
booth they can vote after careful scrutiny.
Russia becomes the first country in the world to approve Corona vaccine for pet cats and dogs
DATE (YY-MM-DD) Subject Subtopic (if any)

2021-March-31 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-March-31 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-March-31 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-31 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽

2021-March-31 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-31 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-31 Environment🌿 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2021-March-31 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-March-31 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-31 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-31 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-29 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-29 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-29 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-29 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-29 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-March-29 Agri🌽 Water💦

2021-March-29 Agri🌽 Water💦


2021-March-29 Agri🌽 Water💦

2021-March-29 Agri🌽 Water💦


2021-March-29 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-March-29 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-29 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-March-29 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2021-March-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-29 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-29 PIN-GK🏋️ Sports


2021-March-29 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-29 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-March-28 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-28 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-28 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-March-28 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-March-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-28 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-March-28 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-March-28 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-March-28 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-28 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral


2021-March-28 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-March-28 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-28 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-27 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-March-27 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-March-27 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-27 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-March-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-March-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-March-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-27 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-March-27 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-March-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-March-27 Economy💳 Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-27 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-March-26 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-March-26 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-March-26 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-26 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-26 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-March-26 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-March-26 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-March-25 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-March-25 Economy💳 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-25 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion


2021-March-25 Environment🌿 Places-in-News

2021-March-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-March-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-March-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-25 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-March-25 Polity⚖️ Appointment

2021-March-25 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-March-25 Polity⚖️ Places-in-News

2021-March-25 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-25 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-25 Science🧪 Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-25 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-24 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-March-24 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪
2021-March-24 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-March-24 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-March-24 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion
2021-March-24 Environment🌿 Water💦

2021-March-24 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-March-24 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-24 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-March-24 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-24 Polity⚖️ Defence


2021-March-24 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-23 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-March-23 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-March-23 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-March-23 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-March-23 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-March-23 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-23 IR/Defense🔫 Awards🏆

2021-March-23 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2021-March-23 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-March-23 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2021-March-23 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-March-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-March-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-23 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-23 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-23 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-22 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-March-22 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-March-22 Environment🌿 Water💦


2021-March-22 Environment🌿 Water💦

2021-March-22 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-March-22 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News


2021-March-22 IR/Defense🔫 Defence
2021-March-22 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News
2021-March-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-22 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-March-22 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-March-22 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-22 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-22 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-March-22 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-March-22 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-22 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-21 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-March-21 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity
2021-March-21 Environment🌿 Places-in-News

2021-March-21 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-March-21 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-March-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-21 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-March-21 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-March-21 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-March-21 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-March-21 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-20 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-March-20 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2021-March-20 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝
2021-March-20 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity
2021-March-20 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-March-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-20 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-March-20 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-March-20 Polity⚖️ Federalism


2021-March-20 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-20 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-20 Science🧪 Bio-Diversity

2021-March-20 Science🧪 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-March-19 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-19 Economy💳 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-March-19 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-19 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-March-19 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-March-19 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion


2021-March-19 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-19 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-19 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-March-19 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral
2021-March-19 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-March-19 Polity⚖️ Places-in-News

2021-March-19 Polity⚖️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-19 Polity⚖️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-19 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-March-19 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-18 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-18 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️


2021-March-18 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-March-18 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-18 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-March-18 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-March-18 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-18 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-18 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-18 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-18 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-March-18 Polity⚖️ Legislature
2021-March-18 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-17 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-17 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️


2021-March-17 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-March-17 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-March-17 Economy💳 Social Media📣

2021-March-17 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-March-17 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-March-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Pollution🛺

2021-March-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Bio-Diversity

2021-March-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-March-17 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India
2021-March-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-17 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-17 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-17 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-16 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-March-16 Economy💳 6-Health


2021-March-16 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-March-16 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-March-16 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-March-16 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-March-16 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-16 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-16 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-March-16 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-March-16 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-March-16 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora


2021-March-16 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-March-16 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-16 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-March-16 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-March-16 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-March-16 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-15 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-15 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-15 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-15 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-March-15 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-March-15 Environment🌿 Places-in-News

2021-March-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-15 Governance🧔 Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-March-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-March-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-March-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-March-15 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-15 Polity⚖️ PRI

2021-March-15 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-15 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-15 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-March-15 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-March-15 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-15 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-15 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-March-15 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-March-15 Environment🌿 Places-in-News

2021-March-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-15 Governance🧔 Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-March-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-March-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-March-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-March-15 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-15 Polity⚖️ PRI

2021-March-15 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-March-15 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-15 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2021-March-14 Science🧪 3A-Intl-Trade🤝
2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕
2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-March-14 IR/Defense🔫 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-March-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-14 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-14 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-14 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-14 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-March-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-March-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-14 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Election
2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-March-14 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-13 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-March-13 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-March-13 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-March-13 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-March-13 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-March-13 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-March-13 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2021-March-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-13 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-March-13 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-March-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-March-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-March-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-March-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-March-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-March-13 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-13 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-13 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-March-13 Polity⚖️ Judiciary
2021-March-13 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬
2021-March-13 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-March-12 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-March-12 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-March-12 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy
2021-March-12 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪
2021-March-12 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-March-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Pressure-Groups


2021-March-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-12 Governance🧔 Social Media📣

2021-March-12 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-March-12 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-March-12 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-March-12 IR/Defense🔫 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-March-12 PIN-GK🏋️ 6-Health

2021-March-12 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-March-12 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-12 Science🧪 Water💦


2021-March-11 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-March-11 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪


2021-March-11 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-11 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-March-11 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-11 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-11 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-11 IR/Defense🔫 5-Infra-Communication


2021-March-11 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-March-11 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-March-11 Polity⚖️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-11 Polity⚖️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-March-11 Polity⚖️ Election
2021-March-11 Polity⚖️ 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-11 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-March-11 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-March-10 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-10 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-March-10 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-March-10 IR/Defense🔫 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-10 IR/Defense🔫 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-10 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral

2021-March-10 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-10 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-March-10 Polity⚖️ PRI

2021-March-10 Polity⚖️ Executive


2021-March-10 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-10 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-09 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-March-09 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-09 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-March-09 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication
2021-March-09 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-March-09 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-09 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-March-09 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-09 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-09 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora

2021-March-09 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-09 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-09 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-09 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-March-09 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-March-08 Economy💳 Social Media📣

2021-March-08 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion


2021-March-08 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-08 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-08 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-March-08 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-March-08 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-08 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-March-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-08 Polity⚖️ 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-March-08 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-07 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-07 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-07 History/Culture🗿 Diaspora


2021-March-07 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-March-07 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-07 Polity⚖️ E-Gov👩‍💻

2021-March-06 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy


2021-March-06 Economy💳 Death
2021-March-06 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺
2021-March-06 Environment🌿 Places-in-News

2021-March-06 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-06 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-March-06 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2021-March-06 Polity⚖️ 6-Health

2021-March-06 Polity⚖️ Appointment


2021-March-06 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-March-06 Science🧪 Social Media📣


2021-March-05 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓
2021-March-05 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-March-05 Economy💳 5-Infra-Urban


2021-March-05 Economy💳 Interview
2021-March-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-March-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-05 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-05 Polity⚖️ PRI

2021-March-04 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-04 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-04 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-March-04 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-March-04 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-04 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-March-04 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-March-04 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-March-04 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-04 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral

2021-March-04 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-March-04 Science🧪 6-Health
2021-March-03 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication
2021-March-03 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-March-03 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-03 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-March-03 Environment🌿 Places-in-News

2021-March-03 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Transport⚓️


2021-March-03 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-03 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora

2021-March-03 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-03 Polity⚖️ 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-03 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-March-03 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕
2021-March-03 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕
2021-March-03 Science🧪 6-Health
2021-March-03 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-03 Science🧪 Defence

2021-March-02 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-02 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-March-02 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-02 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-March-02 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-March-02 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India
2021-March-02 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-March-02 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-02 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-02 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-02 Economy💳 Pollution🛺

2021-March-02 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-March-02 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-March-01 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-01 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-March-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-March-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-March-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Executive

2021-March-01 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-March-01 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-March-01 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-March-01 Science🧪 6-Health


News Item (Page Numbers correspond to Ahmedabad Edition)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Auto recurring debit / E-Mandate: Customers give standing instructions to its bank/card company/Prepaid payment i
etc): please cut XXX ₹₹ From my credit card every month for Tatasky/Netflix/Spotify etc. From 1st April: Banks will have to not
before actually cutting the money And some additional measures in e-mandate to ensure customer safety and transparency.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Mobikwik digital payment App 10 cr user data leaked on the darkweb. Argument point for why we need less cash e
cashless economy.
MSP: From 1st April, the payment for minimum support price (MSP) will be transferred directly into farmers account. This will b
commission / cut-money-culture of FCI officers/agents, Arahatiyas.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Union thinking about reducing the coverage of national food security act after Niti Aayog report. Basics already cove
them actually do it.
Climate change: "To see or not to see, that is the question" - Pope Francis , Modifying the Shakespeare's famous Hamlet quote
blind to the climate change destruction.

GOOGLE’S MAPS app will start directing drivers along routes es timated to generate the lowest carbon emissions based on traff
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋VOLKSWAGEN's US operations renamed as “Voltswagen of America” as it shifts its focus to electric vehicles. THIS W
#faaltu-company-ki-sasti-harkatein
Veraval-Patan town Gujarat -Renamed as Somnath. It has India's first Jyotirling among all 12.
Afghanistan India wants double peace - peace within Afghanistan and peace around Afghanistan
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Pakistan Cabinet meeting to improve trade relations with India. Let them actually announce something concrete. Ba
previous lecture
World leaders proposes a treaty to combat future pandemics, But it remains to be seen whether the actual cooperation is done
China vs USA in Corona pandemic.
2018: India Agro Ministry declared millets as “Nutri-Cereals” & observed as "National Year of Millets”. 2023: UN General Assemb
Sponsored resolution to mark 2023 as the “International Year of Millets”. 🤩MILLETS better than rice and wheat in vitamins, min
amino acid, Antidiabetic. They are hardier and drought-resistant crops, with a short growing season (70-100 days, as against 12
lower water requirement (350-500 mm versus 600-1,200 mm).
Millet examples: Examples: bajra (pearl millet), jowar (sorghum), ragi (finger millet), kodo (kodo millet), kutki (little millet), kak
(barnyard millet), cheena (proso millet), kuttu (buckwheat) and chaulai (amaranth). International Fund for Agricultural Develop
Nations agency funding kodo and kutki cultivation in Madhya Pradesh.
Gluten: Millets Kneading dough and rolling rotis are difficult because they don't have gluten protein. Wheat is easier to knead/m
gluten proteins that swell and form networks on water - more cohesive and elastic when compared to gluten-free millets.
Cropping Method: Direct Seeded Rice (DSR)- establishing a rice crop from seeds sown in the field rather than by transplanting s
saving irrigation water, labour, energy,time,⏬greenhouse-gases In transportation, better growth of crops, etc

Cropping Method: System of Rice Intensification (SRI) - Transplant the seedlings when they are very young (8-12 days) Instead
spacing / Square grid pattern & One plant per Hill instead of 3-4 to avoid root competition. ‘intermittent irrigation’ or ‘Alternative
the soil moist but not flooded. such changed management of plants, soil, water and nutrients improved productivity. Can also b
Niti Aayog’s Composite Water Management Index (2019): 75 per cent households in India do not have access to drinking water
Water usage in India: Agriculture uses about 78 per cent of fresh water resources. Irrigation sources In India Groundwater (64%
(2%), other(11%)
Water requirement for one kilogram of rice: Flood irrigation 3,065 litres while Drip irrigation just 842 litres.
Punjab government “Paani Bachao Paise Kamao” - meters installed on farmers’ pumps, and if they save water/power compared
pays ₹₹ in their bank account.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋MCA requires companies to submit cryptocurrency investments to Registrar of Companies (RoC)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Cairn lawsuit To attach Assets of Indian government companies abroad (Already studied few months ago. same com
500th time, then I'm not Going to read it 500th times)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Government not to issue Zero coupon bonds anymore for BASEL-recapitalisation of public sector banks after RBI exp
Punjab and Sind Bank wala financial gimmick (REF: Lecture#4 in Mrunal's Win21 series)
Slender-billed gulls: sea / wetland birds mostly in Western Indian ocean Islands/coastal areas. It creates nests on the land. Kutc
bulldozer destroys 500 nests.
Liberalism: Chandro Tomar / Shooter Dadi is an octogenarian sharp shooter from the Baghpat district in Uttar Pradesh, won ove
despite Patriarchal villagers' objections. Saand Ki Aankh (2019) - a biopic Movie based on her life. Looking at her example many
also participated in shooting sports. Liberalism / Women rights can't be a monopoly or gift from foreign country. It must take ro
village- as Suggested by Swami Vivekanand, Tagore, Mahatma Gandhi. American and Swedish organisations giving certificates/
democracy and freedom of speech, need to introspect about the level of freedom & bigotry (कट्टरता) in their own society. 2020: 1
riots after far-right-wing party burned copies of Quran. 2) USA: Police murdering a black person George floyd -Black lives matte
supporters' rioting/Insurrection in the Parliament itself.
Attitude towards women: BRITAIN women Kidnapped and murdered allegedly by a policeman causing widespread protests. 580
about sexual abuse of schoolgirls. Education development GDP alone is not antidote to women safety.
Bangladesh: Violent protest in burning of Hindu temples & trains - a day after Modi's visit. Previously bloggers were also murde
Merely because GDP has grown better, does not mean rivers of milk and honey are flowing in Bangladeshi democracy And mino
protected.
Football: Video assistant referees (VAR) Technology -It helps referees to determine goal/ penalty etc By watching the footage a
because FIFA World Cup qualifier tournament- some Stadium did not have this technology so Ronaldo's goal not registered.
Formula One Race car world champion: Mercedes team. Lewis Hamilton won Bahrain Grand Prix.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ A PIL in Supreme Court has sought that 26 verses of the Quran be declared unconstitutional and non-functional. Le
mains exam is in September-Not tomorrow morning.

(GSM3: Economics of animal rearing) India's Gir breeds of cows- barely 10-15 litres milk per day. 1960s: Gir bull gifted to Brazil
and selective breeding with Holstein (Dutch cow) : "Girolando" hybrid cow- upto 70 litres of milk daily Even in extreme weather
diseases. Lessons? 1) India has the genetic resources but is unable to capitalise on it due to lack R&D. Economic survey 2021 a
sector for not investing enough in R&D. 2) Indian Dairy Sector entrepreneurs complaining against RCEP Agreement and India-E
will harm our our business- They should instead focus on improving the cattle breed, production & quality as Brazilian Dairy ent
(GSM3: Economics of animal rearing) 61% decline in the Donkey population (2012-19). Reasons: 1) advent of mechanisation- l
pickup trucks 2) less interest of younger generations in donkey rearing 3) underutilisation of donkey milk as Health supplement
milk with antidiabetic properties similar initiatives required for "Halari donkey (Saurashtra Gujarat)" - its milk Antioxidant and an
insemination. Donkeys are cheaper to maintain than cows and buffaloes. If focused it could help improving the income of small
farmers
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ 🧔📯Production Linked Incentive Scheme (PLI: उत्पादन आधारित प्रोत्साहन) aims to ⏫ mfg of automobiles, pharma, mobiles,
them conditional 4-6% subsidy on incremental sales of goods manufactured in India, against their production in base year/zero
Corona mobile companies want the base year to be changed but ball by ball commentary is not important.
MK Ranjit Singh (Ex-IAS from Madhya Pradesh cadre) Chairman of the expert committee to relocate Cheetah from Africa to Ind
committee in 2020
Attitude towards weak/Depressed students: Attitude of the college authority that we do not want to keep "weak students / dam
our academic record prishtine and unblemished". Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Surat- Student f
exam due to "depression and suicidal thoughts during Corona". Student removed/expelled from the institute. Student goes to th
certificate about the mental treatment. HC orders Institute to take him back & allow him to sit in the supplementary exams. Les
have the monetary resources, or the awareness to approach the High Court. 2) Going to the High Court requires money- the st
parents but if parents are strict / Non supportive → further depression & suicidal thoughts. 3) If a student is removed from the
to get admission elsewhere in India. unlike in foreign universities. Although National education policy talks about such ideals. 4)
Minister's reply to Parliament: "60 students committed suicide in IIT and IIMs in the last five years." Academic pressure among
should make some uniform laws/guidelines.
Sports Ethics: International Olympic Committee rule 50 -Prohibits sportsman from displaying any political messages /Protests /S
sporting events. Similar rules in FIFA football but in recent years FIFA allowed freedom of speech and protest e.g. 1) Black lives
murder by policeman 2) Norway and Germany Football teams wore black T-shirts with slogans to protest against Qatar human
workers. Qatar is hosting 2022 FIFA Football World Cup. Counter thought? 1) Sportsman start protesting against Sovereign Nat
advertisement revenue [e.g. IF Chinese government banned the telecast in China, Facebook/Nike etc stopping the sponsorship]
limit themselves to Sporting performance in the stadium instead of engaging in political messaging.
Harichand Thakur -Spiritual Guru of Mathua community. His birthplace is in Orakandi/Gopalganj District Bangladesh. Modi visits
independence 50 years celebration. West Bengal CM Mamata Banerjee alleges vote bank politics.
December 6, the day India Recognised Bangladesh As An independent nation, to be celebrated as Maitree Diwas
Indian Martyrs of Bangladesh Liberation war this exclusive Museum To be built at Ashuganj Bangladesh.
India Bangladesh-Modi's visit on 50th anniversary / Modi Hasina bilateral meeting: Agreement/Jt Statement: ] We will quickly co
economic partnership agreement (CEPA) ] Corporation in space, artificial intelligence ] Border fencing tranquil stable crime free
in all forms ] Bangladeshi young entrepreneur was invited to India to obtain venture capital funding ] India to help Bangladesh
Security Council for early return of Rohingya Refugees to Myanmar ] Bangladesh is the largest foreign recipient of India-made v
including 3.2 million as a gift. 109 ambulances. ] Ground implementation of Teesta water sharing Treaty that was signed 9 year
Bangladesh Liberation war this exclusive Museum To be built at Ashuganj Bangladesh. ] India Bangladesh friendship postal stam
connect Dhaka Cantt (Bangladesh) with New Jalpaiguri in West Bengal announced. ] December 6, the day India Recognised Ba
nation, to be celebrated as Maitree Diwas ]
China Iran 25 year cooperation agreement: 1) $400billion of Chinese investment in Irani banking, ports,healthcare and technolo
2) In exchange, China Would get a Regular supply of Iranian Oil. 3) military cooperation, joint training, research and weapons d
sharing. 2020: Iran had dropped India from the Chabahar-Zahedan railway project, citing delays in funding. Issues affecting Ind
competitiveness, Supply chain management.
Book: The population myth: Islam family planning and politics - Former chief election commissioner S Y Qureshi.
(GSM1) Population Issues / Secularism Hate/Divisive politics: Uttarakhand chief minister (Tirath Singh Rawat) exhorting Hindus
offspring) to get entitled to bigger ration quotas like Muslims. Counter-Arguments? 1) Hindu family in Bihar might have four chi
Kerala or Tamil Nadu may have less than two children. 2) There is nothing like a ‘Hindubirthrate’ or a‘Muslimbirthrate’. 3) Birth
determinants 1) Education 2) income 3) late marriages 4) Access to family planning. 4) Indian doctors are reluctant to serve in
districts. 5) Quran does not prohibit family planning. Bangladesh has overtaken India in terms of population control — their Tot
Excerpts from Ex-CEC S.Y.Quraishi's book.
British period- Different laws for Hindus, Muslims, Parsis, Christians. different personal laws governing marriage, succession, ma
Article 44: Uniform Civil Code to replace them. Goa was controlled by Portuguese: Portuguese Civil Code 1867 → joined India in
Uniform Civil Code. In Goa Hindu, Muslim, Christians all are bound with the same law related to marriage, divorce, succession. e
allowed by polygamy 2) Cannot give verbal divorce /triple talaq. CJI Bobde asks intellectuals to study all this.
Gujarat Freedom of Religion Act, 2003: Religious conversion prohibited for force/Gift/cash. 2021- amendment Bill 1] Divine bles
Impersonation by False name, surname, religious symbol for marriage (to prevent 'Love Jihad').3] Victim, his/her parents, Broth
complaint 4] court can declare marriage void. 5] Jail upto 10 years and fine upto 5 lakh.

Speaker: In Loksabha / vidhansabha: speaker is from the ruling party but deputy speaker position should be given to the oppos
healthy democratic practice and for sportsmanship. 2) moral suasion → Less chances of opposition party members creating ruck
member sitting in the chair. However, in recent years, Either the deputy speaker position is kept vacant or given to the ruling p
Guj: Dy Speaker Vacant. Although a list of 5 MLA is kept, if a speaker wants to take recess, any one of them will preside. 5 MLA
during the speaker's recess BJP leader is given the chance to sit. 2021-For the first time a Congress MLA was given this chance
Electoral bonds -Supreme Court reject the petition to stop its sale. There are enough safeguards available To prevent the misus
Judiciary: SC case backlog 60,000 (2020-March) → ⏫66,000 (2021-March). Similarly in High Court case pendency ⏫from 6 %
High Court Judges posts vacant 2) SC - Max 34 judge but 4 vacant. 3) Corona: Video conferencing But process is slow, technica
to produce the witness and documents in a timely manner due to lockdown.
Death: Journalist Anil Dharkar, Mumbai

Death: RBI Ex-Dy Governor Kamalesh Chandra Chakrabarty, Mumbai. He has also served as chairman cum MD (CMD) of Punjab
Saina: Biographical sports movie directed by Amol Gupte. Actress Parineeti Chopra plays the role of Badminton star Saina Nehw
trained by Pullela Gopichand (Hyderabad)

CHINA SLAPPED sanctions on British politicians because Britain had Slapped sanction against Chinese leaders for violation of hu
Eritrean army had entered Ethiopia’s Tigray region during a five-month war But now Troops withdrawing

Mumbai Dreams Mall -Fire audit was done (2020) their fire extinguisher system was non-functional → fire spread to the third flo
hospital had fire safety systems but fire spread to quickly 10 killed. Lesson? 1) Fire safety, road safety, Corona safety- not respo
collective responsibility of all persons. We cannot be safe, if others are behaving in an unsafe manner. 2) (GSM1) Unplanned Ra
negligence on fire safety resulting in multiple cases of hospital fire, factory fire, Coaching class fire in recent years - Both in Mah
Teacher: Person without appropriate degree and qualification (B.Ed/M.Ed/TET) is teaching → 1) Most likely, they would have br
Teacher recruitment system 2) Private school deliberately hiring unqualified people for low salary/Profiteering. difficult to expec
qualified teachers. Guj Govt admits over 7000 unqualified teachers in 3000 private schools are like this.
Corporate governance controversy: Tata sons (Holding Company) its ownership: Ratan Tata Trust (##%) Shapoorji Pallonji (Mi
Cyrus Mistry (Son of Pallonji Mistry) replaced Ratan Tata as the Chairman of Tata Sons. 2016- Board of directors (Allegedly at th
Ratan Tata) removed Mistry through voting. Mistry went to Companies Act: National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) → National
Tribunal (NCLAT): basically ruled Mistry was right, Ratan Tata was wrong. Reinstate Cyrus Mistry as Chairman→ SC: NCLAT is w
Corporate governance / Boardroom battles between the founders - poor profitability → LIC & Mutual Funds invested in the com
Returns → Middle class shift to gold and real estate investment → Black money, Current account deficit, Inflation. ✋There are o
conversion of public limited company to private limited company, and whether Shapoorji Pallonji Mistry group can sell its shareh
AND/OR get them exchanged for Other companies of Tata Group like Tata Motors/TCS AND removal of Independent director N
Jinnah'sgrandson) But not very important unless preparing at the interview stage and having BCom MBA degrees.
Beeple (real name Michael winkelman)- American digital artist. He combined his 5000 images to create a mega image/collage in
File (Everydays: the First 5000 Days), Which was auctioned for $70 million in Ether Cryptocurrency. Bought by username "Meta
Sundaram a computer programmer. Although allegations- Both have colluded/Marketing stunt to raise the price of remaining pi
eventually other Investors will lose money in NFT-Mania. Non-fungible token- already explained in a past video.If it comes in th
need not prepare it 500 times, unless you're a hopeless-Babu-SHONA.

SEBI innovators growth platform (IGP) framework/rules (2018) - Provides for relaxed rules before a startup company is given p
BSE/NSE etc stock exchange. Yet upto 2020-Dec, no startup company got listed under this framework/rules. So, SEBI Relaxes t
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋MCA disclosure norms on Crypto transaction
Net zero emission economic growth - balancing the amount of emitted greenhouse gases with offsetting/absorbing/sequesterin
Equivalent amount.
Attitude towards women: Babita Punia case (2020) Supreme Court ordered the government to ensure women in Short Service C
permanent commission in the army including command postings. But the Army's methodology of doing medical fitness tests of
officers must meet the minimum fitness criterias of the lowest merit male officer In the corresponding batch. Consequently man
to pass the fitness test. SC orders the army to stop & reform this. Present method is causing indirect discrimination, systematic
psychological harm to women officers
Police attitude towards SC ST: Prevention of atrocities act - "in last 1 year Bihar Police only filed chargesheet in 19% of cases. I
notices to accused, no further investigation/arrest. They seem to be doing the activity only for khanapurti (Working for the sake
Additional DGP.
Narcotic drugs: New York State legalizes marijuana-With hopes to create a $4 billion dollar industry creating tens of thousands
marijuana impairs short-term memory and judgment and distorts perception, it can impair performance in school or at work and
2) Long term use permanently damages cognitive ability, Breathing & heart problem. 3) pregnant mothers negative effect on ba
Use of marijuana will eventually lead to dependence on a harder drug (such as cocaine or heroin)
India Bangladesh Economy: India exports rice, spices, cotton ceramic chemical petroleum machinery vehicles to Bangladesh wh
garments. Bangladesh has a trade deficit with India so they are keen for negotiating a comprehensive economic partnership ag
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (Banga Bandhu, 1920-1975): 1960s Started political rallies against Pak President Ayub Khan's biased po
1970s- Won majority seats in the Pakistan general election. He won more seats than all the parties of West Pakistan! West Paki
honour the the election result & launched "Operation Searchlight" on 25/3/1971 to arrest / murder East Pakistani leaders 26/3/
Rahman: declared independence of Bangladesh from west Pakistan. 10 million Bengalis fled their country to India due to persec
Prime Minister Indira Gandhi sent army to help in Bangladesh Liberation war, Trained Mukti Bahini (Gorilla force). Rahman beca
Bangladesh: Nationalised the private industries, Initiated Land Reforms, signed 25 year Indo Bangladesh Treaty of friendship, J
1975: Junior Army officers in Bangladeshi Army staged a coup, Assassinated Rahman, wife, sons. Daughter Sheikh Hasina later
Gandhi Peace Prize 2020 to Bangabandhu. 2021 is his 101st birth anniversary
Ever Given: It is a cargo ship stuck in Egypt Suez Canal Because of strong winds and sand Storm. It is blocking the way for at le
Billions of dollars worth cargo stopped.

Freedom of speech: 2020-July: Basketball playing non-tribal youth were attacked by masked youth in Meghalaya. A journalist w
attackers allegedly tribal boys with masks on should be immediately booked....criminal elements have no community and imme
against”. Police booked her for inciting violence and hatred between tribal and non tribal communities. Supreme Court ruling: 1
expression cannot be branded as an attempt to promote hatred between two communities. 2) Freedom of speech cannot be sti
criminal cases, unless such speech has the tendency to affect public order”. 3) Demanding protection of non-tribals living in Me
stretch of imagination, be categorized as hate speech. 4) FIR quashed. Lesson? Even for simplest matters, person has to move
Court for justice- shows that Protecting freedom of speech on social media requires more legal reforms, police Training-Sensitiz
AICTE rule to allow candidates who have not studied physics and maths in class 10 and 12 to join engineering courses. Civil me
Engineering Concepts cannot be understood without understanding of linear algebra differential equations integral calculus com
probability. If school childrens know they can get admission without studying maths and physics then they will be non-serious i
cannot deliver the future generation of best scientists and engineers. In the last five years 40% of the engineering college seat
fall in jobs. In 2020 alone nearly 180 engineering & technical colleges have shut down. So, the private colleges suffering a loss
driven more the desire to help them in biz rather than education
Goa Feni is a liquor from the fermented juice of cashew apples/palm/coconut. Goa state budget announces tomake "Feni - Goa
GI tag for 1) coconut Feni 2) Bebinca cake.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋India EU free trade agreement -Indian dairy industry concerned about cheap imports from Europe
Workers contribute money in the Employee Provident Fund → Earn approx 8% interest. This interest income is not subjected to
contribution is not more 5 lakh rupees per year. (Earlier this limit was ₹2.5 lakh Contribution per year). - benefit to upper middl
⏫spending , economic revival.
Kalpsar Project aims to build a 30-km dam across the Gulf of Khambhat/Cambay in Gujarat, to create a fresh water coastal rese
Case Study: In 22 districts of Guj, district hospitals do not have CT Scanner machines. Their demand increased in Corona becau
required to check intensity infection in some cases. One machine costs ₹30 cr, And also requires a radiologist/specialist to oper
additional salary burden. But govt struggling with funds. As Health Secretary (IAS) What will you do? Ans. 1) Public Private Part
wherein Poor people get free CT scan done at private hospitals with PM-JAY health insurance. 2) Fee ceiling to restrict profiteer
Companies to dedicate CSR funds, national & international Donor orgs. 4) Ask Union govt's DST/CSIR/ICMR etc to encourage re
made machines.
Case Study: Gujarat govt announces to create Kota style coaching centres in four cities. Earlier Uttar Pradesh also launched the
similar objectives. However, often such initiatives suffer from following drawbacks 1) Top coaching facultys do not teach full tim
hourly rates are very low versus Their hunger for money is very high. Govt cannot pay them high due to funding constraints 2)
institutes become merely glorified libraries / study rooms / cheap hostel rooms- With No classroom attendance because of poor
room become den of unsavoury elements- Drinking, Drugs, Debauchery 4) In Outsourcing/PPP model Govt pays fees to private
section students but often Private institutes do not teach them with the same quality which they do in the full time courses. Con
in the actual exam is very low. As Education secretary (IAS) How will you go about the design & implementation of such schem
कोचिंग माफिया का ह्रदय परिवर्तन करवा दूंगा मैं "

Distasteful comments by leaders showing falling standards of Politics / Thinning Lines between BigBoss/MTV Roadies and politic
Health Minister demands "All MLA should be investigated whether they are having extra marital affairs or not. Former Chief Min
like Harishchandra being devoted to their wife. Let the world know about them, everyone will be exposed. I am making an open
BJP President,"Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee should wear bermudas instead of saree so she can show her injured leg more cl

International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) World Cup 2021 at New Delhi for rifle & pistol. Some winners: Aishwary Pratap S
CJI: Justice NV Ramana (Andhra) to replace CJI S A Bobde as the 48th Chief Justice of India till for the next 16 months till Aug
Coercive federalism: 1) NCT of Delhi Bill 2) Union govt cornering lot of revenue as cess/surcharges (Which are not shared by th
the taxes)- And using that ₹₹ as conditional loans/schemes to States. 3) NEET imposition of States etc
Pandaram land is the central portion of each of the 36 Islands of Lakshadweep. It is fertile and used for coconut plantation & H
had taken away this land from the local people who are now demanding the government to give them ownership titles.
Covid mutation: When the RNA strand of the virus replicates but makes mistakes during the process. The occurrence of mutatio
of them are deadlier. But sometimes more deadly e.g. UK, South Africa. Double Mutation - Within single virus two significant ch
locations. Such variant found in India.
Corona in Animals: SARS-CoV-2 can infect pet dogs and cats. Cases found in the UK/USA. It causes Myocarditis - inflammation
decreases the ability to pump blood normal. Cats more vulnerable than dogs.
Thallium: a poison Used by former Iraqi president Saddam Hussein to kill his political opponent. Delhi Businessman reads about
murder his wife. Thus, internet can be used for both good and bad purposes depending on the character of a person
Vaccine imperialism: EU updates the export rules - First priority to vaccinate the local population. Restriction on exporting vaccin
reciprocating e.g. Britain Netherland Belgium.
RBI Loan Moratorium: Mar2Aug: But banks were asking interest on interest on the loans that were not paid during this period.U
paying the difference between simple and compound interest rate for this period for selected category of loans upto 2 crores. S
from charging any Interest on interest during this period on any loan, And refund all the money was collected. 2) No more exte
accordingly defaulters will be treated as NPA accounts & banks will recover the money.
NPA as a percentage of total loans: 7.5% (2020, Sept). RBI fears it will rise to 13.5% by 2021,Sept.
Kerala election: Congress Manifesto promises NYAY- minimum income guarantee scheme ₹72000 rupees per family per year. E
proposed Universal basic income UBI- pros and cons in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v--TIvNEHd1VQ

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋SEBI directive on Mutual fund investment in AT1-1 bonds. SEBI wanted to put some restrictions but then difficult for
3 capital through AT1 bonds IF Mutual Funds are restricted from investing in it so Finance ministry had SEBI asked to reconside
Bonds basics already explained in Win20 Series Pillar1B- April 7, 2020 lecture https://unacademy.com/@mrunal.org/courses?go
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Govt tweaks rules about the income tax exemption on the interest on on EPF income so that Middle to high income
Ken Betwa river water link: 😰its canal will pass through Panna Tiger reserve.
Ahom general Lachit Borphukan: defeating the Mughals in the Battle of Saraighat (1671). Lachit Divas has been celebrated on N
anniversary) in Assam since the 1930s. 😰Controversy? In election season, political parties trying to re-narrate the history as Hi
(Mughal) whereas Ahom army too had Muslim generals & Mughal Army had Rajput allies.

India Sri Lanka: UNITED Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) resolution "Promotion of Reconciliation Accountability and Hum
against Sri Lanka for war crimes against Tamil separatists during the civil war. China, Pakistan and Bangladesh voted against th
favour, 11 voted against so ultimately resolution passed. India abstains from Voting because 0) Tightrope between local politics
govt 1) India wants peace and justice for the Tamil minority in Sri Lanka 2) At the same time wants territorial integrity and stab
(GSM2) NGO: Over 32 lakh registered civil societies/NGO groups in India. Hardly 4000 of them Having any substantial impact o
contribution Regulation Act (FCRA)- To control the influence of foreign money in orgs. 2016: NITI's DARPAN Portal for registrat
will be eligible to receive funding from government schemes. Darpan portal also monitors the CSR, FCRA data & found most of
in Maharashtra Gujarat Tamil Nadu. Niti Aayog has formed a group to draft a new policy

Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act, 2020- amends 1971 Act: 1) Both married and unmarried women allowed a
(condom/birthcontrol pills etc) failed, upto 20 weeks. (Original act only allowed married women). [2) in other cases, e.g. Mothe
likely to be born with physical or mental problems then abortion timelimit A) Up to 20 weeks by Advice of one doctor. B) 20-24
doctors (Original Act not allowed) C) over 24 weeks by Approval of medical board D) At any time the doctor thinks it is necessa
✅Unmarried women given legal right to abortion 😰 Eugenics approach to abortion wherein physically or mentally deformed ch
Assuming that they are burden to society. Eugenics - using principles of genetics, heredity, selective breeding for improving the
Bihar special Armed Police bill 2021: to rename Bihar Military Police (BMP) into Bihar special Armed Police & allow them to Guar
to Central industrial security force (CISF). 😰? They can arrest any person without warrant or magistrate permission- Opposition
misused.
Corona: 1) All Indians over the age of 45 eligible for vaccination from 1st April, due to ⏫ cases.
RBI Committee of Ex-Dy-Gov Shyamala Gopinath for Evaluating "on tap licence applications" received for small finance banks an
banks. (More in Win21 Lecture).
market infrastructure institutions (MIIs): include stock exchanges, clearing corporations and depositories. [If preparing for the S
National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NABFID)- Its officials cannot be prosecuted by Police, CBI,SFIO an
For their professional recommendations, Until court gets prior approval from the union government. Earlier Economic Surveys o
officials reluctant to clear large projects fearing 4C: CVC,CBI,CAG, Courts.

Climate change: 2020-Australia suffered the worst Wildfire. 2021: Australia suffered the worst floods.Nearly 20,000 Australians
Customer rating system on employees Problems: India: Zomato delivery boy, Urbanclap beauticians, Uber Cab drivers are not e
treated as "independent service providers" / gig workers. Startup companies classify them into various categories (Blue bronze
user rating sales targets. Higher badge holder will be allotted more work, bonus and company will raise his grievances more qu
reward system? [1) Faster delivery - better rating-Reckless driving violating the traffic norms. [2) Underage customer wants del
seeks sexual favours from home-beautician / wants taxi-driver to take him to drug-den/brothel - if refused → Customer gives po
face bonus cut. Alternatively if a worker complies, he/she will get a Positive rating & bonus! [3) Kamaraj, a Zomato delivery par
assaulting an instagram influencer lady in Bengaluru, Although counter complaints that Instagram influencer lady deliberately d
subscribers. Since Kamraj had a positive rating & media highlight- company supported him but Many other delivery boys may h
for fake complaints. Lesson? 1) If we adopt a citizen rating system for promotion/bonus of government employees or Public sec
needs to be taken to avoid such problems. 2) Gig Worker shd be given Body cams / Taxi cams. But overreliance on such electro
will create a new set of debates on privacy and social trust. 3) Govt shd evolve a Regulatory framework to uphold the rights of
with an effective mechanism for resolving grievances.
Non-refoulement - a fundamental principle of international law that forbids host nations from sending asylum seekers / refugee
they would be in likely danger of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, or political opinion. 😰Problems in India? 1) In
speaks in favour of this but, Not allowing the persecuted Myanmar Chin/Rohingya Muslim refugees to come to India/Wants to s
on Asylum seekers. Not signed 1951 Refugee convention. Does not discriminate between humanitarian refugees and illegal eco
between refugees based on religious lines. Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) allows non-Muslim refugees from neighbouring co
India Bangladesh friendly relations but India-Pak friendly. Because: 1) Even though India and Bangladesh also have problem ar
movement of refugees, Cattle smuggling & river water sharing. But they set aside such conflicting issues and co-operate on tra
Whereas Pakistan policy makers see even economic cooperation with India as a 'conditional bargain' for Kashmir lense.
Gandhi Peace Prize by Govt of India started in 1995, the 125th Birth Anniversary of Gandhi. It is open to all people regardless o
caste or gender, carries ₹1cr award. Jury includes the PM as Chairman, CJI, LS opposition leader, LS speaker etc. 2019 award:
Qaboos. 2020: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman / Bangbandhu- Prime minister of Bangladesh, President of Bangladesh. His daughter Sh
is the PM of Bangladesh at present.
Indo Pak: India is building 1) Pakal Dul Hydro Electric Project (1,000 MW) on river Marusagar,a. 2) Lower Kalnai project on rive
oppose this in Indus water Treaty Commission meeting
Australian Govt list "SKD" neo-Nazi group as terror organisation for plotting to attack the British royal family. Lesson? Terrorism
religion. Earlier Canada also classified "Proud boys" (White supremacist group) as terrorist organisation
Houthi- Yemen Rebel groups (notable cities of Yemen Sanaa, Marib, Hodeida Port). Earlier accused of drone attack on Saudi oil
earlier doing airstrikes on them but now offered a ceasefire (Possibly to rehabilitate the image of Prince Mohammed bin Salman
accused him of killing Journalist Jamal khashoggi). Earlier such negative places in world news were asked in UPSC MCQS.
China: USA, EU, Britain, Canada: Sanctions on Chinese officials For human rights abuse abuses in Xinjiang- Putting 1 million Uig
camps, forced sterilization in pretext of combating radicalization/terrorism. 2) Previously USA EU sanctions on Russia for murde
Alexey Navalny. 3) Such economic sanctions usually involved blocking of the visa, bank accounts and financial assets. So Russia
meeting to reduce the usage of dollar and western payment technology systems.
Sagar Sarhadi (pseudonym/Nom De Plum) / Gangasagar Talwar (original name): Bollywood script writer from 70-80 era famous
Ashok Lahari: first person who has been a chief economic advisor (CEA, 2002-07) to contest election (West Bengal State Electio
Uttar Pradesh Age of consumption of liquor is 21 years. So Delhi govt reduces the age of liquor consumption from 25 years to 2
People below the age of 21 cannot enter bars/pubs/Restaurants where alcohol is served, unless accompanied by a parent/guard
1) 21-24 age-walle moving to UP border areas to consume liquor Delhi govt may be losing state excise tax. 2) 21-24 walle may
behind the closed door anyways ✋Argument Against? [1) Women Safety. Domestic violence. Rowdyism, Road Rage, Drunk Driv
prohibition while the capital of the country is obsessed with earning money from liquor taxes. [3) Netherlands- Prostitution lega
USA, Marijuana also legal & such bizpersons pay income tax/sales tax, But for tax consideration, immoral thing should not be al
State shall endeavor to bring about prohibition of the consumption except for medicinal purposes of intoxicating drinks and of d
health.
Vaccine: Covishield (SII Company's Indian version of Astrazeneca Oxford Vaccine): The period between first and second dose in
8 weeks, to ⏫ efficacy.
Corona: Surveillance of Wastewater for Early Epidemic Prediction (SWEEP)-based model by IIT-Gandhinagar to predict pandem
wastewater quality. EU also has a similar system for Taking precautionary measures. Relevance? Interview Q: Why IAS despite
engineer?
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited BPCL: Government aims to disinvest 53% of its shareholding. BPCL shares trading at ₹43
Limited and other private players are offering ₹430 + 62% control premium over this market price - ₹700 per share. Control pr
buyer is sometimes willing to pay over the current market price to acquire a majority share in that company
Saudi and OPEC+ group continuously ⏬ oil production to demand more prices. Indian government's Oil marketing Companies (
⏬the purchase of oil from Saudi (To teach them a lesson). Way forward 1) Saudi may cut prices 2) India will use the the oil fro
reserves (Where India keeps buffer crude oil, Which was purchased during cheap prices) 3) ⏫Purchase from USA 4) E-vehicles
World Water Day : 22nd March Designated since 1993 by United Nations. 2021 THEME- valuing water. Solutions: 1) Hydrogel o
to store water in the root zone of crops and releasing water gradually as per demand of water in crops. 2) Hydroponics -growin
water with (synthetic / manmade) nutrients. 3) Aquaponics –grows with both fish and plants, utilizing the waste from one to fee
growing plants in an air or mist environment with no soil and very little water(recycled water) 5) Greenhouse (glass), Polyhouse
(Wood) enclosure to control the use / evaporate water 6) Rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge, desalination of water, c
Precision farming.
Ken-Betwa link project to be signed between Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Ken and Betwa rivers originate in MP and are
Water from the Ken river will be transferred to Betwa River, through the construction of Daudhan Dam and a canal linking it. Th
Perspective Plan for interlinking of rivers.🤩 ⏫water supply to Bundelkhand region spread over Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Prad
Tomar dynasty ruled parts of present-day Delhi and Haryana between the 8th and 12th centuries. Their capital original capital i
Anangpal II / AnangPal Tomar (11th Century): setup capital at Dhillikapuri/Delhi/Indraprastha. He built Lal Kot fort and Anangta
was succeeded by his grandson Prithviraj Chauhan, who was defeated by the Ghurid forces in the Battle of Tarain (present-day
Delhi Sultanate was established in 1192.

National Monument Authority- Statutory body under the culture ministry under Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites Act
"Maharaja Anangpal II Memorial Committee’, headed by BJP MP from Gonda (UP) Brij Bhushan Singh, is to establish Anangpal I
S-400 Advanced air defence missiles: India wants to buy them from Russia but fear of USA sanctions
Whitsun Reef: South China Sea news because Chinese vessels are roaming around and Philippines is opposed
Purvanchal festival - Art and culture event for Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Niti Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant received "Maati Samman". (
Rights of the convicts: Life imprisonment - imprisonment until death. Although the executive, at its discretion, can release the C
years. But sometimes a poor/non-influential person may languish till his death. The Supreme Court expressed displeasure over
Right to lawyer: 1) Article 20 (3): "No person accused of any offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself". 2) Art
to consult/be defended by a legal practitioner of his choice 3) USA Miranda rights/warning - require a police officer to inform th
the right to lawyer.
Citizens Commission on Elections (CCE), a civil society group headed by retired Supreme Court judge Madan B Lokur released a
India's Election System". Problems highlighted: 1) integrity and inclusiveness of the electoral rolls 2) increasing criminalisation,
winning election 4) non-compliance with the model code of conduct 5) influence of paid media, social media & fake news. 6) Po
statements about religion and caste to get the Election Commission not doing anything Substantial to prevent it. 7) Reforms by
Seshan (1991-96): Model code of conduct, Candidates required to submit expense accounts, Officers showing by promptly susp
election because of violence. Such initiatives and boldness not shown by recent Election Commissioner
Electoral bonds: 15 days tenure 0% interest walle (physical paper) bonds sold only @SBI. Citizens and registered Indian compa
donate money anonymously to their favourite political parties. Political party will then submit the bond to SBI, who will transfer
Account. Bonds are issued by the SBI in denominations of Rs 1,000, Rs 10,000, Rs 1 lakh, Rs 10 lakh and Rs 1 crore. Governme
SBI and the Govt also bears the cost of printing these bonds. 🤩Benefit? 1) Anonymity to Donor while Transparency for the poli
their SBI bank account 😰Accusations that shell companies are formed to donate black money to political parties.
(GSM2) Role of civil society / pressure groups: Why FICCI-ASSOCHAM-NASSCOM/RSS/VHP/Farmer organisations are more pow
Millennial social media activists 1) Permanent Institutions with organised leadership, internal bureaucratic structure. 2) FICCI-AS
members to be high level of fees 3) RSS/VHP workers who will go door to door to collect donations. 4) They organise regular p
have separate sub-organisations for women and regional offices/chapters. 6) hashtag walle Millennial social media activists/Bab
effervescent initiatives, occasional candle light march, neither have the financial power or permanent organisation structure to c
ideas and demands. 7) For similar reasons Amul Cooperative and Lijjat Papad Mahila Udyog are more profitable & sustainable th
entrepreneurs.
(GSM2) Pressure Groups:West Bengal Politics: 1) Syndicate Raj - unemployed local youth leaders form Gang/Syndicate and forc
building material / labourers from them at an inflated price. They also control college admissions. 2) cut money culture - Govern
required to pay a certain % of money to local leaders, else his file for house construction etc may not be cleared by babus.

Herd immunity: 1) Herd immunity is possible only in diseases which are transmitted from one human to another, for example, m
COVID. 2) One measles infected person can infect 10 people. So, 90% Population needs to be vaccinated. Similarly for corona 7
achieve 70% vaccination across India, we should first focus on cities where infection levels are very high e.g. Delhi, Mumbai, Ch
Vaccine imperialism: World Health Organisation created a technology pool in 2020 to encourage 1st world pharma Multinationa
patents/tech knowledge with poor countries' pharma companies. Not a single vaccine company has signed up. USA/EU Nations
such Pharma MNC (Because they provide large political / election funding). USA administration present approach - first all Amer
then we will to share vaccines with the other Nations. Only for tokenism/Media coverage, USA shipped some vaccines to Mexico
India has shared vaccines to many nations.
Disinvestment/privatisation- Why: Gujarat- Govt companies' cost of thermal electricity production @₹5/unit while private sector
cheaper bcoz- Govt companies machinery old and inefficient, procure coal from far away places with high transportation cost, s
attitude due to security of jobs.
Cheetah: 1) Family (Cat / Felidae) | Genus: Acinonyx (It is the only species in this genus). 2) non retractable claws. Their liver,
heart are all large to allow intense fast running 3) Life expectancy 7 to 12 years 4) Akbar & other royals kept them as pets/Roya
Declared extinct in 1952 in India. 6) 2021: India to import Cheetah from South Africa and Namibia & may keep them at the follo
Mukundra Hills / Shergarh wildlife sanctuary B] Madhya Pradesh: Gandhi Sagar wildlife sanctuary/Kuno National Park/Nauradeh
prefer semi arid grasslands just like lions
Sardar Patel Zoological Park near Statue of Unity (Kevadia|Narmada|Gujarat) - 27% of the birds brought in the zoo died within
International Day of forests 21st March 2021 started since 2012 by UN Resolution. United Nations Forum on Forests with FAO ,
implementation. the theme of 2021 is "Forest restoration: a path to recovery and well-being.".
Reading comprehension CSAT Paper2: "Ranjeet Lal- Column on different types of wild cats." https://indianexpress.com/article/e
wildcats-more-ferocious-than-tigers-7237492/
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Political corruption: Former Mumbai Police Commissioner emails to CM (Shivsena Party) alleging that Home Minister
Anil Deshmukh had ordered police officer Sachin Waze to collect ₹100 crore every month so, Sachin planted bomb-walli SUV-ca
home demanding extortion in Bitcoins.
Police Citizen Acrimony / Distrust ⏬: Even after Theft, people sometimes do not complain to police thinking it'll be a futile exerc
not be returned. So, Vadodara police organises a ceremony for returning Stolen jewellery/Chain snatching, 36 motorcycles, 2 au
mobile phones to their rightful owners. Could be done behind the closed doors, but holding a public ceremony with media prese
police, citizen trust. Also done awareness program that stolen mobile or vehicle could be used for crime and then owner could b
reported the crime.
Interview Q: Why IAS / How IAS provides "diverse opportunities / platforms" / Why Science/Engineer/medical graduate coming
Biochemist GV Ramakrishna (IAS, died 2021): He had served as 1) SEBI's first Chairman- cleaning up the share market after Ha
outlawing 'Badla (Carry forward transaction) system, despite opposition from vested group of share traders. 2) chairman of the
3) India's Ambassador to European Union. 4) Chief secretary of Andhra Pradesh. Sadly because of the web series youngsters ch
Mehta more than the IAS officers!

Attitude towards women: Instanbul Convention (2011): men and women have equal rights, government must prevent gender b
women. It was signed by EU + 45 Nations around Europe. (Indian not a signatory). 2021: Turkey Govt withdrawn rectification c
is necessary for combating domestic violence rather than punishment. 2) Too much women empowerment undermines the trad
Turkey. 3) Gender equality ke naam pe Europe is trying to force its LGBTQ / Homosexuality freedom norms on Turkey which is
all the Govt of the world accept common norms for women rights, it is difficult to ensure safety of women everywhere.
Attitude towards women: Pakistan Court sentences to man for raping a French woman. Pak also has laws for Chemical Castratio
deter the criminals in future. ✋Argument against: death penalty 1) Data does not prove death penalty is a deterrent. Although
Bangladesh have death penalty for rapists, it didnot ⏬rape cases greatly. Certainty and promptness of punishment, rather than
When accused person is a relative of the victim → threat of death penalty-Greater pressure from relatives on victim to drop the
make the rapist kill the victim after rape & hide her body, instead of allowing her to go 4) Madhya Pradesh Death sentence for r
the convicted men are from poor families. (Rich / influential men can buy the witnesses/victim) 5) Idea of retributive Justice ve
Assumption that a criminal can never reform even after spending 10-15-20 years in jail.6) Delhi December 2012 Gangrape → Ju
but even he did not recommend death penalty.
On 21st March and September 23rd, direct rays of the sun fall on the equator. At this position, neither of the poles is tilted towa
earth experiences equal days and equal nights. This is called an equinox
Volcano: Reykjanes Peninsula volcano in Iceland
Myanmar Coup: 1) Chin refugees coming to Mizoram- "They are ethnically our Mizo Brethren so we can't Turn indifferent to the
Tatmadaw is the official name of the armed forces of Myanmar.
RSS new general secretary: Dattatreya Hosabale
Thursday: Pakistani PM Imran Khan given Chinese vaccine produced by Sinopharm. Friday: He is reported Corona positive. May
with a Corona positive person before vaccination. Challenge in Public Communication? 1) if announced - fear among Pakistani p
social media half-truth/memes. 2) if PM's illness is not announced - others who came in contact, can't be put in quarantine / fue
Way forward? Truth & Transparency.
Bond Vigilantes: large bond market investors who aggressively sell G-Sec in open market to protest against Policies of Govt/Cen
→ prices⏬ → G-sec Yield⏫ → share investors sell underperforming companies' shares to invest in G-Sec → sharemarket ⏬ → d
equity(share) capital through IPO. RBI report warns about Bond vigilantism in USA / World.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋India produces minerals worth Rs 1.25 lakh crore per year and imports minerals worth Rs 2.5 lakh crore per year. th
only 1.75% but 1% growth in the mining sector generates 1 lakh (jobs) in direct employment and 5 lakh (jobs) in indirect empl
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋DPIIT changes norms on NRI investments
1) National Lake Conservation Plan and 2) the National Wetlands Conservation Programme were merged into National Plan for C
systems (NPCA) in 2015. NPCA is a Centrally sponsored scheme (-Both Union and State required to contribute money) for lakes
in India.
World Sparrow Day is celebrated on March 20 every year, Started by India's Nature Forever Society with support of a French Or
Honeyeater- a song bird in Australia. Usually they sing their own songs, but nowadays imitate the songs of other species of bird
Songbirds are unable to hear voice of others in their species , so songbirds copying songs of other birds- which is unusual. Simi
isolation, work-from-home, e-learning. Students / Workers deprived of contact of persons from other race, religion, caste, gend
fall in company of radical elements - danger of intolerance ⏫, Free exchange of ideas⏬
International Day of happiness on March 20: Started by UN since 2013. 1) Bhagwat Gita three types of happiness — satvic,raja
happy,the entire world(seems)happy. If the mind is despondent, the entire world (seems) despondent.Hence,if you desire happ
happiness of the mind first. 3) Happiness is a purely internal and intangible feeling. Although Science says happiness can be ac
reactions and hormones so It can be manipulated through psychological medicines/Narcotic drugs- but only temporary. 4) Othe
happiness: Consumerism, materialist goods, flesh-trade, but their pursuits Eventually result in degradation of environment depr
trafficking. 5) Govt measures to boost happiness Fit-India campaign, Khelo India, Prime Minister'sParikshaPeCharcha,etc. for a l
healthy life for citizens 6) happiness is subjective- every individual has different parameters for his/her happiness, yet UN Happ
countries- India performs poorly than its Neighbours.

Myanmar Coup: Indian home Ministries stand, "do not allow the refugees to enter in India. We are not a signatory to UN Refug
governments have no power to grant Refugee status to any foreigner." YET Mizoram State Govt has prepared a standard opera
allowing them to enter, Providing shelter in the community halls,Medical assistance etc. Assam Rifle complaints to MHA. Angles:
Free Movement Regime (FMR) between India and Myanmar, allowing people living within 16 km on either side to travel across
days. But this facility was suspended in Corona.
Combative federalism: Kerala state police registered an FIR against enforcement directorate (ED, a body under Finance ministry
PMLA violations). Kerala Police FIR alleges that ED officers forced a witness to frame Kerala CM in a gold smuggling case. ED's d
woman constable tortured the women witness to undo her statement & frame ED.
Candida Auri- Deadly Drug resistant fungus in Andaman Salt marshes.
Covid Vaccine Wastage reasons: Expiry date, temperature, theft, Inexperienced nurse/doctor mishandling. Vaccine wastage in T
Pradesh is 10% or higher
A diatom is a kind of algae found in almost every aquatic environment, including fresh and marine waters. If a person drowns →
longest kidney bone marrow by blood circulation. But if person was murdered elsewhere and then body dumped in water then
Thus, diatom test is a forensic test that can help in establishing the cause of death.
Metal air battery/Aluminium air battery: use oxygen from air + Aluminium hydroxide solution → Oxidation → Electricity. 🤩1) Ch
ion(LION) batteries. 2) More energy dense i.e. vehicle can run up to 400 kilometres instead of LiON (200km) 3) India does not
aluminium resources 😰1) Aluminium air battery cannot be recharged they need to be swapped to change its chemicals. Why in
sign agreement with Israeli startup Phinergy for this. Maruti Suzuki and Ashok Leyland to buy batteries from it
Pusa-FSF: Farm Sun Bridge- Solar powered refrigerator to store vegetables and prevent the post harvest losses by women scien
Research Institute (IARI).
Uttar Pradesh: Gramin Awas Abhilekh (Gharuni) - Government housing schemes' Ownership certificate/title to be made in the n
household. Benefit? Domestic violence ⏬,Easy to get bank loan, Prepared with Drone Mapping & Issued digitally-Tempering dif
grabbing / encroachment by mafia.
Government to remove all physical toll booths in the country within one year. Future toll collection to GPS and fastag.
Building and Other Construction Workers’ Welfare Fund:-Building workers contribute money into it, State govt use for their welf
Union labour ministry order them to release the money as DBT- So worker can buy the things as per his requirements. But inste
"Household Essentials Kits" -Stainless steel vessels umbrellas lanterns cycles etc (Possibly corruption/collusion with the Business
Counter argument? If direct money was given the worker may have wasted on liquor and gambling.
Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2021 - Proposes to allow captive miners to sell up to 50% o
market.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋IRDAI Propose "the pandemic pool": sp.type of fund/insurance scheme to Cover the losses of MSME during future p
(Win21)
“Voluntary Vehicle-Fleet Modernisation Programme” by Road Ministry by amending Motor vehicles act: 1) Commercial vehicle ol
personal vehicles older than 20 years marked for Voluntary scrapping. if Owned by government/PSU then Compulsory scrap 2)
from 2023- If they fail to pass the test they will be seized and destroyed. However Vintage/Museum type Vehicles exempted. 3)
certificate: then 5% Discount on buying new vehicle if old vehicle is scrapped. ₹0 Registration fees. 25% rebate on road tax. 4)
facility (RVSF) To be linked to the National Police database so as to to track vehicle stolen / involved in crime. 🤩Benefits? clean
better road safety (e.g. New vehicle seat belt airbags), automobile jobs (35k⏫), GDP (₹10kcr⏫).
Animal meat industry is a contributor to GHG Emission so French city Lyon's Mayor bans meat from schools. He belongs to "Gre
are outraged 1) Livelihood threatened for French pig/chicken farmers and butchers 2) Elitist & moralist attitude over food choice
crusaders are harming The traditional countryside / rural values 4) Meat also required for nutrition of child
Lateral entry: Allowing non IAS non government professionals from private sector to become joint secretary for a contractual pe
Montek Singh Ahluwalia, Bimal Jalan, Vijay Kelkar were joint secretaries in their mid-30s and secretaries by their late 40s. Using
experience, they could later rise to Planning Commission Vice chairman, RBI Governor, Finance commission Chairman etc. 😰Ch
experience demanded by the present UPSC notification Post graduation plus 10-15 years experience - Average 38-45 years old
talented professionals of that age may already be CEO,CFO,COO,Professor rank jobs at much better pay, freedom, future prosp
contract is not sufficient because that much time will be gone just in learning the bureaucracy & building network. Longer secur
India Pak: 2019: Pak official stand "No more peace dialogue with India until India reverses the annexation of Kashmir/Article 37
said if India improves relations with Pakistan it can gain access to Central Asia. Today Pakistani General Bajwa proposes to resu
four pillars” of Pakistan's new national security paradigm: 1) Long lasting peace within and outside; 2) non-interference in inter
countries 3) boosting intra-regional trade and connectivity; 4) investment and economic hubs in the region. Reasons? 1) FATF b
Indian diplomats 2) Economic slowdown in Corona 3) After Pulwama-attack India increased customs duty on imported Pakistan
conditional loans to Pakistan- require them to ⏬Defence expenditure and ⏫ profitability of Govt companies: neither possible w
Saudi & other nations also demanding loans back so Pakistan's economic security is under threat.
Moscow Peace conference for Afghanistan Development- Representatives of USA, Afghanistan,Pakistan,Iran,India and China att
Pritzker Prize 2021 for architecture to French Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal.
Porvorim, North Goa: New High Court Building to be inaugurated here.
Madhya Pradesh high court ordered molestor to get Rakhi tied by victim girl, before giving bail. Supreme Court ruling 1) Molesta
minor transgression that can be undone by rendering community service, tying a rakhi or presenting a gift to the survivor, or ev
etc. Court should not be showing such a patriarchal attitude. No contact should be required or permitted between the victim an
of the victim - "she was wearing short clothes, consuming alcohol, smoking, giggling with stranger men so she was inviting men
Discussion about the dress, behaviour, past conduct/morals of the prosecutrix should not enter the verdict.
Australian Police Commissioner suggest dating apps to have feature about recording Consent for sexual relationships- That will
complaints are filed by ex-girlfriend. Counter? 1) Privacy and dignity of women 2) What if the app is hacked to give consent bef
romantic and intimate relationship into 'Formal Business contract' 4) Oversimplified a problem with Band-aid solution.
AICTE rules: Math & Physics not compulsory for Admission in engineering colleges- Niti members criticise: 1) depth in mathema
achieved through bridge course /crash courses in Engineer college. Student must have studied them at school level. 2) Biotechn
understanding of statistics and probability, Colloidal motions- Cannot be understood without maths & physics.
Indian production of corona vaccines 1) Serum Institute of India's Covishield (Astrazeneca Oxford, Chimpanzee adenovirus, 53%
Covaccine by inactivated killed virus (86% efficacy) 3) Dr Reddy/Hetero/Gland pharma's Sputnik-V (by Russian institute, Non re
91% efficacy) 4) Zydus Cadila's Zycov-D (DNA plasmid, 3 doze) 5) Bharat Biotech Nasal Vaccine (BV154) single doze 6) Janssen
single dose). ++ Many others but without fancy names.
MSP Procurement: Punjab-Rice and wheat-procurement by FCI. Whereas Maharashtra-Pulses, sugar, Cotton - National Agricultu
Federation (NAFED) and Cotton Corporation of India (CCI) Responsible for procuring. 🤩Charms 1) If the prices of crops fall bel
farmers sent SMS to bring produce to Procurement centre. ₹₹ DBT within few days. 2) No involvement of APMC, middleman or
Sometimes SMS notification glitches. 2) MH Model require farmers to Register with land records. FCI trying same for Punjab- bu
Tenant farmers.
Road connectivity increases economic activities & employment avenues. But outcomes need to be monitored closely. With indic
Index - average speed of the typical journey, and (ii) the Excess Distance Index (EDI) - is the ratio of distance travelled to the s
increase in road schemes, Maharashtra & Uttar Pradesh lag in these indicators, showing 1) Poor quality of roads - corruption 2)
created to increase contactors payment. 💼Budget-2021: 30% ⏫ in road budget but outcome framework not mentioning such i
monitored using GPS/ satellite mapping / Google maps.
Economic Policy Uncertainty: Corona lockdown-2020: Initially shortage of ventilators so all the Indian manufacturers ramped up
Govt banned export of ventilators till 2020-Dec To ⏫ its supply in local market. Export Ban lifted in 2020-Dec but, Indian ventila
improvement in the corona therapy & Social distancing & ⏫production of ventilators elsewhere. Today hardly 2% of Corona po
losses for MFG. Had Govt used big data analytics, they could have averted this. Such experience discourages pvt sector to inves
Fiscal Constraints vs Electoral populism: TMC Manifesto for W.Bengal Election 1) Basic income ₹6000/pa for general category, 1
credit card to students, they can withdraw money at 4% interest.

Policy design: TMC Manifesto promising ₹10 lakh credit card to students, they can withdraw money at 4% interest, ⏬burden on
1) Wouldn't putting fee-control/fee-ceiling on college/coaching be more suitable solution than giving more money to students a
start purchasing expensive iPhone & Levi's jeans & dhoom-style bikes & weekly trips to McDonald for demonstration effect with
students use the borrowed money for speculative Investments in shares/gold/cryptocurrency/sport-gambling/pubg for becomin
there be some type of restrictions on how the credit card money is spent? 4) Student will not be able to repay the money till he
upto 1 decade or more for UPSC-ke-babu-shone/SSC/Railway/StatePSC aspirants). So Credit card repayment the burden will be

Cryptocurrency 1) Mukesh Ambani: Bomb-walli SUV parked outside his home had ransom letters demanding extortion money in
track/Anonymous. 2) Morgan Stanley -First investment bank in USA Offering its clients investments in Bitcoins. Scope for Tax av
Compassion/Leadership Quality: "With malice towards none, with charity towards all." - Abraham Lincoln.
Attitude towards Youth/Western clothes/Globalisation: "Ripped jeans- the result of work of scissors, is both The cause for and s
Sanskari-ness. This mad run towards nudity & westernization by young Indian men and women. Sadly their parents have turne
Tirath Singh Rawat (Uttarakhand)'s comments have drawn criticism from social media.
Encounter specialists: 'Police inspectors who are good in combat/Shooting are used by IPS officers for extrajudicial killings to sh
such inspectors take advantage of their utility to the organisation and abuse their proximity with authority. when the encounter
hand → ⏫cases of extortion, - Because they start acting in cahoot with the gangsters. ' New case: Assistant Police Inspector Sa
(1997-2004) → Suspended for custodial death, Joined Politics→ Reinstated in Police for covid-19 duty (2020). He allegedly got a
Mukesh Ambani's home with Gelatin bombsticks demanding extortion in cryptocurrency & later allegedly killed the car dealer wh
himself was tasked to solve this case, tried to temper CCTV footage as well! NIA Arrested him. Mumbai Police commissioner als
as punishment posting. 😰Lesson? Encounter specialists provide quick justice but pose dangerous to society, Bring disrepute to
actually criminals in uniform.
National Cadet Corps (NCC) Act 1948: "Allows only members of male or female sex to be enrolled as cadets" Kerala HC: allow T
considering the NALSA-2014 Judgement that Recognised the rights of TG.
Aadhar Card need to be linked with voter ID To prevent the menace of multiple enrollment of the same person in different Con
past SC judgements, the Govt will have to enact a law, to link the both.
Criminal law Reform committee under Prof Ranbir Singh, VC of National Law University, Delhi.
CovoVax: Developed by American company Novavax. India production licence given to Serum Institute of India, Pune
PPP/Asset monetization: Government planning to sell/lease assets including roads, Railway wagons, Railway station, electricity t
pipelines, telecom towers, Jawaharlal Nehru sports stadium. Nature of PPP- 1) Toll operate transfer 2) InvITS 3) Operation and
Operation management development agreement (ODMA) Target ₹2.5 lakh crore. NITI tasked to prepare National MONETISATI
PPP/Privatisation: Airport Bundling- AAI to privatise airports in a pairs of profit making airport with loss making airport(s) e.g. 1)
(Kushinagar and Gaya airport) 2) Amritsar airport with Kangra 3) Raipur Airport with Jalgaon. 4) Indore with Jabalpur etc So, in
compulsorily buy Loss making airport if he wants to buy profit making airport. This will unburden AAI from Loss making airport.
Secured overnight financing rate (SOFR): Refer to Mrunal's Win21 Series Pillar1C
National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development Bill, 2021: (NaBFID)- This Development Finance institution (DFI) T
government,Original 100% shareholding by the govt (20,000cr), in future to be reduced to 26%. It will have a 10 years tax hol
Infrastructure. Previous DFIs like ICICI & IDBI were converted into commercial banks. Refer to Mrunal's Win21 Series Pillar1B2
Internet imperialism: Earlier Google charged 30% Commission on the developers for App Store sales. To be ⏬ to 15% from Jul

Vulture Conservation: 1) Stop farmers from using diclofenac medicine for cattle treatment, Vultures eating such dead carcasses
Compensate farmers when Vultures build nest on their coconut palms and destroy the coconuts in process 3) Build a cafeteria f
platforms where dead animals are kept for vultures to feed. India is home to nine out of 23 species of vultures: white-rumped v
vulture (LBV), read-headed or king vulture (KV), Egyptian vulture (EV), Eurasian griffon (EG), Himalayan griffon (HG), cenereou
vulture (SBV) bearded vulture(BV). Except slender-billed and bearded vultures, the rest species found in India are sighted in Gu
Microplastic: tiny particles of less than five millimetres- move through water bodies, air and farm soil to enter in human digestiv
Only 9% of all the plastic ever produced is recycled.
Environmental ethics versus Economic Desperation: Gujarat: Surat Navsari region insufficient rainfall- fodder⏬: Agriculture and
Villagers cannot engage in Diamond polishing business because Businessmen hire cheaper labour from Odisha. So, started illeg
Police crackdown → villagers started illegal shrimp farming in govt land & river by blocking water flow & damaging coastal ecolo
Land Grabbing prohibition Act which has minimum imprisonment of 10 years. MLA starts Dharna "How are these people going t
alternative means of livelihood, Gujarat already has a provision for 85% local reservation but industries are flouting it!" Environ
Dharna "Illegal shrimp farm damaging coastal ecology", & They even got Greta Thunberg & Rihanna to tweet about it, thus brin
So, as DM(IAS) How will you address this?
Man-eater Avni tigress's cub killed by another tigress. Social media outcry about how the forest department failed to protect thi
total number of tigers are growing it is not the responsibility of the officials to look after individual celebrity tigers given the Sma
Mandate of the forest department is not to bodyguard "individual tiger" 24/7 but to conserve the whole species. 3) Tigers are te
expect "human ethics" from them. "How could wild Tigress kill Avni's cub?" 4) If tiger becomes a man eater it need to be shot d
on social media and press brings down the moral of the Forest Officers. In future they will only focus on protecting the celebrity
of other animals will suffer.
Communication: Guj MLAs in habit of raising complaints about their constituency to the government through Facebook / Twitter
ministers, Secretaries (IAS) and District collectors (IAS)- with an agenda of Showing to their followers and supporters "look I ha
IAS is not responding!" DyCM's Stand: "Checking the social media messages 24/7 is not the basic work of an officer. As MLA yo
letter/email to the departments/officers then they can check it formally. If you do not send authorised letter, we will not conside
Banaras Hindu University (BHU) Social science department sends a proposal to make any of following women visiting professor
[1) Nita Ambani wife of Industrialist Mukesh Ambani [2) Priti Adani wife of Industrialist Gautam Adani [3) Usha Mittal wife of In
Pros? 1) Such elite women have networks in all big industries / International Donor organisations → better campus placement f
summer internship etc. 😰Cons? Merit/Education qualification. To become "Professor", One should have completed PhD with ma
research experience.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ British Prime Minister Boris Johnson to visit India in April.
Sports: International tent pegging Federation World Cup Championship- Horse tournament involving lance /sword that pick up r
United Nation F4R Movement: Faith for rights : The Religious leader should encourage (human) rights for women, minorities
(Religious/ethnic/racial/linguistic), LGBT instead of becoming intolerant and offended about 'their religious rights' being offende
declarations: Rabat Plan for Action (2012), Beirut declaration (2017).
Tenth schedule (1985): Anti defection: If a nominated member joins a political party after the expiry of 6 months from his oath
disqualified. Rajya Sabha nominated MP Swapan Dasgupta taken oath in 2016. Now in 2021 wants to contest West Bengal Stat
candidate, so Opposition parties demanding his disqualification, so he resigned. 12 members Nominated to RS By President from
service etc. They have the same rights and privileges selected members, but they cannot vote in the election of the President.
Thrombosis: formation of clots within blood vessels. Astrazeneca Oxford vaccine allegedly having this side effect so some Europ
usage
Rajasthan rural Schools in Nagaur District electrification improved the level up attendance and test scores, because outside hea
have fans at home, so they stay in the class & study. Past economic Surveys too highlighted the 'nexus approach in SDG": how
the health and education outcomes.
GSM1 Population: National Population Policy 2000- target to achieve Total fertility rate at replacement level 2.1. In Non-Souther
Assam West Bengal Maharashtra Jammu Kashmir achieved as per National family health survey-4. All the southern States achie
Telangana Karnataka Andhra. South: State govts proactively encouraged female sterilization after 2 children so, TFR ⏬even am
Bihar- 23% of Indian population. way forward 1) late marriage & child birth 2) modern contraceptives esp. injectable contracep
for 3 months. 3) promote women Labour force participation and ancestral property rights
India's biggest oil suppliers: 1) Iraq 2) USA 3) Saudi. Saudi Arabia ✋ from 2nd to 3rd place due to OPEC oil cuts.
Npci cheque truncation system started since 2010-covering 1.50 lakh bank branches but around 1219 branches still outside it. R
2021-Sept.
BizGK: Stripe: becomes highest valued startup in USA, it's related with Payment processing technology.
BizGK: Clubhouse App: audio chatting type app. Banned in Oman for anti-Government discussion /lack of censorship.
Corporate Greed: T20 matches between India England - around 55,000 fans gathered at NaMO Stadium. But remaining 3 Match
doors and ticket will be refunded with rising Corona cases.
CBI books 17 Army officers for recruitment scam -They were taking bribes to clear the official candidates rejected on medical g
Thus corruption not only confined to civilian departments but also in Armed forces.
Empathy/compassion for LGBT: Vatican Catholic Church Stand: gay people must be treated with dignity and respect, but that g
disordered." Catholic Church cannot bless same-sex unions since God “cannot bless sin.” Marriage is a union of man and woma
sake of creating new life.
Tapti-Daman Sector: Mumbai offshore basin. ADani to explore gas.
Largest Top-5 exporters: USA Russia France Germany China. World's Largest arms importer: 1) Saudi 2) India. India's arm impo
2011-2020 because of a) Atma-Nirbhar b) Complex procurement system/red-tapism.
Tit for tat: Earlier British parliament discussed farmer protest, now Indian Parliament -matter raised about ⏫racism in Britain be
forced to resign as Oxford University student president 2) Allegations by Meghan Markle. External affairs minister reply: "Large
eyes. Will monitor this development closely." "no parliament should debate laws passed by the legislatures of other nations and
sovereignty." - President of inter parliamentary Union (Switzerland).
Arvind Adiga's book white tiger- Netflix movie starring Priyanka Chopra, Nominated in the Oscars for best adapted screenplay
Mister Edson Arantes do Nascimento: Real name of the Brazilian football Legend Pele. In the news because of a Netflix docume
Gujarat Speaker removes Cong MLA from House for wearing t-shirt. "Decorum of the house is important. one cannot come wea
tomorrow they will come wearing a baniyan this cannot be allowed! wear kurta-pyjama, pant-shirt, coat. Recall Earlier- New Zea
Maori leader for refusing to wear a tie but later rule cancelled after public protest. Arguments in favour of formal dress: 1) Here
being imposed. Kurta-Pyjama is also allowed. 2) While there are no written rule about T shirt in in state legislature, but there ar
orally by the speaker.

Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi (Amendment) Bill, 2021 to amend 1991 Act. 1) "Delhi Government means the
NCT of Delhi appointed by the President under Article 239. 2) LG opinion required before ANY executive decision taken by Minis
outside the purview of Delhi Vidhan Sabha: L-G will not assent to such bill & FWD it Prez 4) Delhi Vidhan Sabha / its Committee
day-to-day administration the Capital or related to administrative decisions. 🤩Favour? 2018 SC Judgement "Elected governmen
Delhi is not a state." 😰Counter Arguments? 1) 2018's SC judgement "LG bound by Council of Ministers advice on the matters th
of LG. (matters under LG - land, public order, police) 2) New bill negates the ideals of representative governance and democrac
Delhi by Article 239AA” 3) New bill will essentially take away all the power and autonomy of the CM. 4) The status of the Lieute
that of a Governor of a State, rather he remains an Administrator, in a limited sense, working with the designation of Lieutenan
Kerala: While 50% women reservation in local bodies but in Last Vidhan Sabha hardly 8 out of 140- less than 6% women. Alleg
tries to get a party ticket, her male co-members start a smear campaign / Refuse to help. So, political parties field very few fem
apply as "independent candidates" -Chances of victory are very slim because less money power & less backing of religious/socia
labour force participation also declined in recent years.
Corona ⏫ in Maharashtra because 1) Contact tracing concept was not understood clearly by the field staff. They would only list
members. But not trace the office co-workers, relatives met at social gatherings, co-travellers etc. 2) They should have created
rising cases 3) 85% active cases where put in home isolation but officials did not visit them regularly or even called them phone
started going outside before completing the treatment. 4) Healthcare staff busy in vaccine administration so limited personnel a
contact tracing
NITI Aayog’s Agricultural Markets and Farmer Friendly Reforms Index — AMFFRI, for States. low AMFFRI rank implies the state
Irrigation, rural roads,APMC, Seed fertilizer availability,Cold storage infrastructure etc. Such States have witnessed better growt
production than other states. e.g. Gujarat (mainly cotton, groundnut, livestock), Madhya Pradesh (wheat, soybean, pulses), Odi
vegetables), and Bihar (maize and livestock).
Disinvestment/Asset monetization: Airport Authority of India (AAI) is a statutory body under the ministry of Civil Aviation. Its ow
(26%), Mumbai(26%), Hyderabad (13%), Bengaluru (13%). This airports are operated by Joint venture companies e.g. Mumba
Limited (MIAP: AAI 26%+ Adani 74%-100%) then AAI signs - OMDA Agreement with MIAP: (Operation, Management, Develop
effectively provides operational responsibilities to Adani group, And they will have to share profit with AAI. Now AAI to sell away
airports to private sector.
Populism: AIADMK Manifesto:- Washing machine will be given, Free data for college students, Travel concession for women etc
Fiscally sustainable to support the middle class money should be better spent on infrastructure to create a sustainable demand"
GSM2 Scheme design implementation: Beneficiary identification in Odisha's Kalia scheme “Unification-Verification-Exclusion” 1)
fill up forms to join the scheme 2) Verification - Through SECC census, Beneficiary list of national food security act, Aadhar card
datasets, thus even Landless farmers/labourers also identified. 3) Exclusion: Govt employees, tax payers, large farmers etc. 4)
mechanism for farmers. 5) Data privacy. Personal details of farmers only available to selected government officials on a need to
need to be Extended to Welfare schemes for migrant workers, unorganised sector workers, etc. Odisha's KALIA Scheme “Krush
and Income Augmentation”. Feature: Farmers given 1) ₹25000 for total five cropping seasons 2018 onwards, 2) ₹50000 crop lo
₹10,000 to Landless labourers per year 4) ₹12,500 for Landless farmers, mushroom beekeeping etc. Whereas Union govt PM-K
₹6000 per year & does not cover landless-farmers. [Counter? 15th FC gave large ₹₹ to the state govt so they can give money.
responsibility of all the farmers otherwise fiscal deficit ⏫]
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Safe Harbour mechanism for independent directors in company law criminal prosecution.
Shetrunjay Hills forest area in Bhavnagar, Gujarat: a habitat of Asiatic lions, in news for forest fire.
Officer like Quality: Not necessary to give an opinion on everything asked by a journalist. Niti Aayog vice chairman Dr. Rajiv Kum
about "freedom in danger" type of reports by Freedom House USA and with V-Dem Sweden? His Ans. I can only speak about th
Economic freedoms are not curtailed in India. Regarding political freedoms- Not studied the report fully, I leave it to the better
it.
Body cameras: Worn by policemen over shirt to record the events. Gujarat Police To introduce 10,000 such cameras mainly due
between police and citizens over mask violation, traffic violation. Benefit? 1) Live streaming of the event to the command centre
deployment 3) Data/memory extraction and tampering is not possible by third party agencies. So, Can be submitted as evidenc
Police brutality, Corruption.
QUAD: China criticised them as Asian NATO, harbinger of new cold war and transient 'sea foam'. But the recent decision of QUA
Vaccine 2) Climate change and 3) New age Technology- proves that Quad is neither a military alliance nor an anti-China coalitio
the world’s second Largest economic and military superpower so it is inevitable the other countries will form alliances to balance
friendly relationship with others instead of pursuing hegemony.
Afghanistan: USA had originally planned to troop withdrawal from Afghanistan on 1/5/2021. Corona economic slowdown also fo
expenditure. So, it is keen to have India on board to look after the mess in Afghanistan. India does not have friendly relationsh
Because we do not differentiate between good Taliban and bad Taliban. But because of the Indian support in development of d
schools in Afghanistan- India is the largest development owner for Afghanistan with $3 billion. Common Afghans see India as a
convert that positive public opinion into strategic advantage- Before Taliban-Pakistan-Turkey etc from their own alliances.
Indus Waters Treaty, signed between India - Pak, 1960: 1) all the waters of the Eastern Rivers (Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi) annually
unrestricted use. 2) Western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab) given largely to Pakistan. 3) India is allowed to build dams/hyd
rivers but Pakistan is given the right to raise concerns over the dam design. 4) Indus Commission to meet regularly at least onc
India and Pakistan. 2020-Not done by Corona. 2021- New Delhi meeting.
Sports: Fencing- Ms. Bhavna Devi becomes the first ever Indian fencer to qualify for Tokyo Olympics
Death: Renowned Painter and Padma Bhushan awardee Laxman Pai (Goa).
Democracy: Defection / Horse Trading: Rajasthan state government admitted in Vidhan Sabha that Phone tapping was done Fo
order under the provisions of Indian Telegraph Act. Allegations that Phone tapping was done on MP/MLAs, to find out who was
selling MPs.
GSM2/Comparing constitution: Jirga (Paki Panchayat): Assembly of leaders in the tribal areas of Pakistan/Afghanistan that decid
decrees. Hindu temple was burnt down and 50 people were arrested. Jirga held: Hindu community pardon the mob, Muslim cle
future → They will send the reconciliation statement to the supreme court → Arrested persons may be released. Charms? Recon
the case. Poor people cannot afford lawyer fees. 😰Criticism of Jirga? 1) Eye for Eye type of Justice. Rape for Rape, Honor Killin
go scot free after paying Blood Money for killing/raping poor families.
USA Freedom House and Sweden's V-Dem Institute criticising India for democracy ⏬ & autocracy⏫. External affairs minister Ja
their approval. Who has made them the self appointed custodians of the world? 2) If India is a Nationalist country then why or
vaccine 75 Nations free of cost? What have other countries (USA, Sweden) done? 3) In USA former President (Trump) himself i
was fraud, Such questions are not raised in India!
AEG12: It is a protein found in mosquitos. It inhibits the family of flaviviruses such as Zika, West Nile etc. by destroying virus's
used against Covid-19.
All Indian Council For Technical Education (AICTE), Statutory body under Ministry of Education new norms that maths and Engi
for admission in Engineering. How? A candidate with minimum 45% in any 3 subjects out of the 14 subjects [physics, mathema
science, electronics, information technology, biology, informatics practices, biotechnology, technical, vocational subject, enginee
studies, and entrepreneurship] is eligible. Although ultimately it is for the college admit/not admit them. 🤩Arguments in favour
unable to find admission in biotechnology colleges because maths was deemed compulsory. 2) agriculture engineering colleges
candidates. 2) National education policy 2020 also talked about removing the rigid separation between arts / science / PCM. 3)
interdisciplinary engineering education can bring more innovative ideas. 😰Against: 1) if not studied maths in 11-12, then such
to understand concepts of Engineering → Depression / dropout / suicide.
NITI Aayog’s Agricultural Markets and Farmer Friendly Reforms Index — AMFFRI, for States. low AMFFRI rank implies the state
Irrigation, rural roads,APMC, Seed fertilizer availability,Cold storage infrastructure etc. Such States have witnessed better growt
production than other states. e.g. Gujarat (mainly cotton, groundnut, livestock), Madhya Pradesh (wheat, soybean, pulses), Odi
vegetables), and Bihar (maize and livestock).
Disinvestment/Asset monetization: Airport Authority of India (AAI) is a statutory body under the ministry of Civil Aviation. Its ow
(26%), Mumbai(26%), Hyderabad (13%), Bengaluru (13%). This airports are operated by Joint venture companies e.g. Mumba
Limited (MIAP: AAI 26%+ Adani 74%-100%) then AAI signs - OMDA Agreement with MIAP: (Operation, Management, Develop
effectively provides operational responsibilities to Adani group, And they will have to share profit with AAI. Now AAI to sell away
airports to private sector.
Populism: AIADMK Manifesto:- Washing machine will be given, Free data for college students, Travel concession for women etc
Fiscally sustainable to support the middle class money should be better spent on infrastructure to create a sustainable demand"
GSM2 Scheme design implementation: Beneficiary identification in Odisha's Kalia scheme “Unification-Verification-Exclusion” 1)
fill up forms to join the scheme 2) Verification - Through SECC census, Beneficiary list of national food security act, Aadhar card
datasets, thus even Landless farmers/labourers also identified. 3) Exclusion: Govt employees, tax payers, large farmers etc. 4)
mechanism for farmers. 5) Data privacy. Personal details of farmers only available to selected government officials on a need to
need to be Extended to Welfare schemes for migrant workers, unorganised sector workers, etc. Odisha's KALIA Scheme “Krush
and Income Augmentation”. Feature: Farmers given 1) ₹25000 for total five cropping seasons 2018 onwards, 2) ₹50000 crop lo
₹10,000 to Landless labourers per year 4) ₹12,500 for Landless farmers, mushroom beekeeping etc. Whereas Union govt PM-K
₹6000 per year & does not cover landless-farmers. [Counter? 15th FC gave large ₹₹ to the state govt so they can give money.
responsibility of all the farmers otherwise fiscal deficit ⏫]
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Safe Harbour mechanism for independent directors in company law criminal prosecution.
Shetrunjay Hills forest area in Bhavnagar, Gujarat: a habitat of Asiatic lions, in news for forest fire.
Officer like Quality: Not necessary to give an opinion on everything asked by a journalist. Niti Aayog vice chairman Dr. Rajiv Kum
about "freedom in danger" type of reports by Freedom House USA and with V-Dem Sweden? His Ans. I can only speak about th
Economic freedoms are not curtailed in India. Regarding political freedoms- Not studied the report fully, I leave it to the better
it.
Body cameras: Worn by policemen over shirt to record the events. Gujarat Police To introduce 10,000 such cameras mainly due
between police and citizens over mask violation, traffic violation. Benefit? 1) Live streaming of the event to the command centre
deployment 3) Data/memory extraction and tampering is not possible by third party agencies. So, Can be submitted as evidenc
Police brutality, Corruption.
QUAD: China criticised them as Asian NATO, harbinger of new cold war and transient 'sea foam'. But the recent decision of QUA
Vaccine 2) Climate change and 3) New age Technology- proves that Quad is neither a military alliance nor an anti-China coalitio
the world’s second Largest economic and military superpower so it is inevitable the other countries will form alliances to balance
friendly relationship with others instead of pursuing hegemony.
Afghanistan: USA had originally planned to troop withdrawal from Afghanistan on 1/5/2021. Corona economic slowdown also fo
expenditure. So, it is keen to have India on board to look after the mess in Afghanistan. India does not have friendly relationsh
Because we do not differentiate between good Taliban and bad Taliban. But because of the Indian support in development of d
schools in Afghanistan- India is the largest development owner for Afghanistan with $3 billion. Common Afghans see India as a
convert that positive public opinion into strategic advantage- Before Taliban-Pakistan-Turkey etc from their own alliances.
Indus Waters Treaty, signed between India - Pak, 1960: 1) all the waters of the Eastern Rivers (Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi) annually
unrestricted use. 2) Western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab) given largely to Pakistan. 3) India is allowed to build dams/hyd
rivers but Pakistan is given the right to raise concerns over the dam design. 4) Indus Commission to meet regularly at least onc
India and Pakistan. 2020-Not done by Corona. 2021- New Delhi meeting.
Sports: Fencing- Ms. Bhavna Devi becomes the first ever Indian fencer to qualify for Tokyo Olympics
Death: Renowned Painter and Padma Bhushan awardee Laxman Pai (Goa).
Democracy: Defection / Horse Trading: Rajasthan state government admitted in Vidhan Sabha that Phone tapping was done Fo
order under the provisions of Indian Telegraph Act. Allegations that Phone tapping was done on MP/MLAs, to find out who was
selling MPs.
GSM2/Comparing constitution: Jirga (Paki Panchayat): Assembly of leaders in the tribal areas of Pakistan/Afghanistan that decid
decrees. Hindu temple was burnt down and 50 people were arrested. Jirga held: Hindu community pardon the mob, Muslim cle
future → They will send the reconciliation statement to the supreme court → Arrested persons may be released. Charms? Recon
the case. Poor people cannot afford lawyer fees. 😰Criticism of Jirga? 1) Eye for Eye type of Justice. Rape for Rape, Honor Killin
go scot free after paying Blood Money for killing/raping poor families.
USA Freedom House and Sweden's V-Dem Institute criticising India for democracy ⏬ & autocracy⏫. External affairs minister Ja
their approval. Who has made them the self appointed custodians of the world? 2) If India is a Nationalist country then why or
vaccine 75 Nations free of cost? What have other countries (USA, Sweden) done? 3) In USA former President (Trump) himself i
was fraud, Such questions are not raised in India!
AEG12: It is a protein found in mosquitos. It inhibits the family of flaviviruses such as Zika, West Nile etc. by destroying virus's
used against Covid-19.
All Indian Council For Technical Education (AICTE), Statutory body under Ministry of Education new norms that maths and Engi
for admission in Engineering. How? A candidate with minimum 45% in any 3 subjects out of the 14 subjects [physics, mathema
science, electronics, information technology, biology, informatics practices, biotechnology, technical, vocational subject, enginee
studies, and entrepreneurship] is eligible. Although ultimately it is for the college admit/not admit them. 🤩Arguments in favour
unable to find admission in biotechnology colleges because maths was deemed compulsory. 2) agriculture engineering colleges
candidates. 2) National education policy 2020 also talked about removing the rigid separation between arts / science / PCM. 3)
interdisciplinary engineering education can bring more innovative ideas. 😰Against: 1) if not studied maths in 11-12, then such
to understand concepts of Engineering → Depression / dropout / suicide.
Vaccine protectionism / Non tariff barriers: Chinese government to pass the visa application faster if the foreigner has taken Ch
Secularism: DMK Manifesto: ₹1000 crore will be allocated for renovating Hindu temples and ₹200 cr for renovating the Churche
Federalism: DMK Manifesto: We will pass a law against NEET, If we win Tamil Nadu election!

Federalism: Kerala infrastructure investment fund board (KIIFB)- had borrowed money from abroad using MASALA bonds. Earlie
negative remarks about its functioning. Thomas Isaac-Kerala Finance Minister: "I will not cooperate with the enforcement direct
arrest me! if they arrest me I will not even take bail." Spirit of cooperative federalism is missing. Language not suitable for a ev
Middle class and politics/ democracy: Politics is enriched and civilized by the participation of the middle class. While they may n
they are opinion makers- Usually with empathy, reason, fairness and equity- Because of their level of education. Upto 1980s, M
actively participated in management of sport federations, Cooperative bodies, dairies, Temple Board Trustee, school/college boa
recent decade these bodies are swamped with full time politicians → ⏫cynicism among middle class leaders. In urban areas cos
jobs and admissions⏫ so, Civic consciousness ⏬⏬Among middle class. They are becoming "gated Mini-Republics" focused on
Issues involving farmers, climate change, citizenship, fake encounters, Intolerance etc. Middle class became like 3 Monkeys of G
one with cotton in its ears and one with its mouth taped." -Not healthy development for vibrant democracy
Racism / Civil rights: 2020-May: USA black person George Lloyd Murder by police during arrest → "Black lives matter" Campaign
media→ 2021-March: Court orders $27 million compensation to family. - Case finished in less than one year. Whereas in India,
Encounter, Police Brutality/Atrocity Against minorities/SC/ST take years to conclude / merely slap on the wrist for the accused p
compensation. Maybe because they do not receive as much media attention. Justice delayed is justice denied.
Secularism: SRI LANKA will ban the wearing of the burqa and shut more than 1000 Islamic schools. [Food for thought: Did they
decision till Pakistan PM Imran Khan's visit was over!? #Art-of-diplomacy] Switzerland is also doing referendums on similar matt
Vadodara Mayor complaints, "Principal/Headmaster of Govt primary school has eloped with the lady teacher. Strong action need
other teachers from engaging in similar activities of Moral turpitude (नैतिक अधमता)". As Education Secretary (IAS), How will you ad
Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA): If air Travellers do not wear masks properly Despite repeated warning → Deboard
Categorise as on unruly passenger → put on "no-fly" list for 3 months. Points to consider/Officer like qualities: 1) Just for the sa
passengers' safety cannot be compromised. 2) Only by giving the flowers, a change of heart cannot be accomplished.

Old Vehicle scrapping policy (DRAFT): Use the certificate for 1) Claiming discount on new vehicle 2) Fee waiver in vehicle regist
not want to buy vehicle then trade the certificate with other buyer. 🤩Benefit? 1) ⏬Pollution By removing older vehicles 2) ⏫Au
Infrastructure/ Regional development/ Northeast / Scheme design and implementation issues: Ministry of food processing: Ope
transport and storage subsidy for fruit vegetables- To make supply available round the year at reasonable prices. Northeast ind
bamboo, rubber, betel nut, black pepper, mustard, soyabean to be added. Ministry's stance- "These are neither fruit nor vegeta
perishable & non-food commodity- So we cannot give subsidy under the given scheme. please ask Railway ministry to support t
Scheme." But the Railway ministry's Kisan Rail scheme has many rails originating from Maharashtra, Punjab, Gujarat, Andhra Pr
none from N.E.
Infrastructure/ Regional development/ Northeast / Scheme design and implementation issues: Ministry of food processing: Ope
transport and storage subsidy for fruit vegetables- To make supply available round the year at reasonable prices. Northeast ind
bamboo, rubber, betel nut, black pepper, mustard, soyabean to be added. Ministry's stance- "These are neither fruit nor vegeta
perishable & non-food commodity- So we cannot give subsidy under the given scheme. please ask Railway ministry to support t
Scheme." But the Railway ministry's Kisan Rail scheme has many rails originating from Maharashtra, Punjab, Gujarat, Andhra Pr
none from N.E.

Old Vehicle scrapping policy (DRAFT): Use the certificate for 1) Claiming discount on new vehicle 2) Fee waiver in vehicle regist
not want to buy vehicle then trade the certificate with other buyer. 🤩Benefit? 1) ⏬Pollution By removing older vehicles 2) ⏫Au
Vadodara Mayor complaints, "Principal/Headmaster of Govt primary school has eloped with the lady teacher. Strong action need
other teachers from engaging in similar activities of Moral turpitude (नैतिक अधमता)". As Education Secretary (IAS), How will you ad
Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA): If air Travellers do not wear masks properly Despite repeated warning → Deboard
Categorise as on unruly passenger → put on "no-fly" list for 3 months. Points to consider/Officer like qualities: 1) Just for the sa
passengers' safety cannot be compromised. 2) Only by giving the flowers, a change of heart cannot be accomplished.
Secularism: SRI LANKA will ban the wearing of the burqa and shut more than 1000 Islamic schools. [Food for thought: Did they
decision till Pakistan PM Imran Khan's visit was over!? #Art-of-diplomacy] Switzerland is also doing referendums on similar matt
Secularism: DMK Manifesto: ₹1000 crore will be allocated for renovating Hindu temples and ₹200 cr for renovating the Churche
Federalism: DMK Manifesto: We will pass a law against NEET, If we win Tamil Nadu election!

Federalism: Kerala infrastructure investment fund board (KIIFB)- had borrowed money from abroad using MASALA bonds. Earlie
negative remarks about its functioning. Thomas Isaac-Kerala Finance Minister: "I will not cooperate with the enforcement direct
arrest me! if they arrest me I will not even take bail." Spirit of cooperative federalism is missing. Language not suitable for a ev
Middle class and politics/ democracy: Politics is enriched and civilized by the participation of the middle class. While they may n
they are opinion makers- Usually with empathy, reason, fairness and equity- Because of their level of education. Upto 1980s, M
actively participated in management of sport federations, Cooperative bodies, dairies, Temple Board Trustee, school/college boa
recent decade these bodies are swamped with full time politicians → ⏫cynicism among middle class leaders. In urban areas cos
jobs and admissions⏫ so, Civic consciousness ⏬⏬Among middle class. They are becoming "gated Mini-Republics" focused on
Issues involving farmers, climate change, citizenship, fake encounters, Intolerance etc. Middle class became like 3 Monkeys of G
one with cotton in its ears and one with its mouth taped." -Not healthy development for vibrant democracy
Racism / Civil rights: 2020-May: USA black person George Lloyd Murder by police during arrest → "Black lives matter" Campaign
media→ 2021-March: Court orders $27 million compensation to family. - Case finished in less than one year. Whereas in India,
Encounter, Police Brutality/Atrocity Against minorities/SC/ST take years to conclude / merely slap on the wrist for the accused p
compensation. Maybe because they do not receive as much media attention. Justice delayed is justice denied.
Vaccine protectionism / Non tariff barriers: Chinese government to pass the visa application faster if the foreigner has taken Ch
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ National statistical office monthly data on 1) index of Industrial Production ⏬and 2) consumer price index ⏫. Q3-w
lived.
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is more than 10% shareholding by a foreign entity in a single Indian company. Corona-2020: C
by Indian govt, so as to prevent any opportunistic takeover of Indian companies. 2021: Economy is recovering and many Indian
capital, Banks reluctant to give loans, so govt may relax these norms of Chinese FDI. Dangers If China acquires significant own
1) Chinese owners will force Indian companies to use China made equipment / Raw material/Intermediate goods. 2) They may
the senior management of Indian companies 3) Injection of Malware/surveillance-codes into equipment made by Indian compa
Australia and Canada foreign investment laws- their govt may prohibit incoming FDI if threat to national security. India's foreign
(FEMA) 1999, Need to be amended suitably.
Non-fungible token (NFT)- Digital file photo file (JPEG), Animated image (GIF), music file (MP3) etc Stored using blockchain Tec
exchanged with one another. So they are Non-fungible. e.g. ₹2000 note can be exchanged with ₹100 x 20Notes: So currency n
10rest-to-8 times Satoshi coins. So Bitcoin is fungible. But here NFT (Abba harmonium Meme) - can't be exchanged with NFC (P
Because their values are different. So they are non-fungible. Mass Hysteria going on to purchase such digital assets from new-a
Ethereum cryptocurrency. 🤩Charms? 1) Multimedia Creators: Easier to trade digital assets, check ownerships authenticity / Pla
industry: You play a game for 50 hours and win some legendary weapon/armour. Convert it NFT → can sell it to other players f
patent documents, digital certificates can be stored. Paperless administration. 😰Challenges: 1) Started in 2017 - steep price ris
file selling for millions$. This bubble will collapse. Investors will lose money 2) Money laundering terror Finance. 3) Maintaining
record → Electricity consumption⏫, CO2 Emission.
Gig workers/ platform workers e.g. Swiggy Zomato delivery boys. They are not hired as employees of the companies but Design
contractors. Swiggy/Zomato Not required to contribute for ESIC-Worker Social security / Health Insurance Not available. Social
thinking of requiring such Companies to contribute X% of turnover or Y% of Contractor payments - And then all workers will be
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋FinMin asks SEBI To withdraw MF pe AT1 Bond investment limit. Else Difficult for PSBs to Recapitalise for Basel III n
lecture series)
BizGK: Tata Group to buy 64% Ownership of Bigbasket online grocery delivery App.
Philadelphia city of USA: Skyscraper building lights will be dimmed in the night to prevent the migratory birds from getting disor
glass.
Attitude towards women: USA Fox-news host showing photos of pregnant women soldiers & debating that USA army will lose w
Because excessive number of women soldier are making US Army weak. Lesson? Education/Economic Development alone is no

QUAD Virtual Summit 2021: Summit between US President Joe Biden interacts with Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Australian PM
Japanese PM Yoshihide Suga. Outcome 1) Quad critical and emerging Technology working group 2) Quad climate working grou
group. → India will mfg American vaccines with Japanese funding and Australian logistics support. Target? 1 billion Covid vaccin
QUAD Virtual Summit 2021: Veiled references to China as a belligerent (लड़ाकू ): 'Shared vision for free and open indo-pacific unco
leaders agreed to meet in person on the sidelines of G7-2021 summit in UK and G20-2021 summit in Italy.
Death: LOU OTTENS, Dutch inventor of the cassette tape
Death: Goodwill Zwelithini-Zulu King who fostered cooperation between South Africa's Indian community of and the Zulu People
Indian painter V S Gaitonde untitled painting (1961) Auctioned for $5.5 million (₹40cr)- Highest price for an Indian art so far.
Gurdeep Singh: First Turban wearing Sikh to get seat in Pakistani Rajya Sabha (Senate) belongs to the Tehreek-e-Insaaf party
Big ball tournaments: Football, basketball, field hockey, softball, beach volleyball, handball etc. Chinese women team have won
tournaments but Chinese male teams have been disqualified in Tokyo Olympics. Reasons? 1) Despite communist political ideolo
Chinese society. Male member of a family is valued/cherished for his Individual accomplishment. So, Table tennis, badminton, G
Taekwondo, Fencing,Boxing - men win medals. But team based Sports- lagging. 2) Chinese government Funding To particular c
3) Private sector entry in Sporting events- Alibaba/JackMa tried but later Under investigation by Chinese SEBI. Foreign collabora
difficult. 4) Chinese local T20 type Commercial tournaments -Over Reliance on foreign players. Homework: Think of similarities
achievements in sports For essay and interview.
Domicile based Reservation: Jharkhand govt to provide 75% quota in private sector jobs for salary upto ₹30k.
Tamilnadu Political parties electoral Promises of giving monthly salary to housewife: Criticism? [1) Diverts the attention from the
workers like Minimum wages, sexual harassment, Social security, Upward mobility in promotion and salary etc. [2) Microfinance
companies' loans to women for Child education, Social/religious obligation- marriage/childbirth etc ceremonies, Hospital expend
debt-trap. But Parties are silent. [3) Dravidian politics of Household-welfarism given free/cheap rice, Mixer grinder etc. But usua
State Gov Fiscal Deficit ⏫Due to Excess borrowing for popular schemes → Inflation and other meladies

SUPREME Court ruled that a government official cannot be appointed State Election Commissioner. He cannot be expected to a
additional charge of state election commissioner to a government official is a “mockery of the Constitution. State election comm
“independent persons” and that nobody, who has been employed or holds an office of profit under the central or any state gove
as election commissioners Article 243(2): State Election Commissioner shall not be removed from his office except like ground a
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ plea challenging the Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991. Let the verdict come. Our exam is not tomorr
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ 2001 FO32: Largest asteroid passing the earth in 2021. Not important unless fancy name is given.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Myanmar Satellite held by JApan on ISS
Blockchain technology allows data storage in many servers in a decentralised manner and viewed nearly in real-time.- It will be
Marketplace (GeM) portal to track purchase & Delivery of medicines.

Common themes in the state budgets 2021-1) ⏫Welfare / pension / money transfer schemes 2) ⏬Capital Expenditure (infrastr
collection 2) Upcoming elections - Cannot invest in long gestation projects Like Road building and dams. Populist measures are
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ European Central Bank to print money at a faster pace to provide Corona relief packages. And then 500 ways in wh
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Insolvency bankruptcy code and Supreme Court mein 500 jaat ke judgements.
Uttar Pradesh is the first state to declare human wildlife conflict - a "natural disaster"
When artificial intelligence used for Monitoring social media: During the live broadcast of chess matches, commentators speak/w
White is brutal’ or ‘Black should be able to block White’s advance’" etc. But it gets flagged as hate speech. Some YouTube accou
result. Therefore human intervention is required to check the context of the words.
Cancel culture /oversensitivity/cyber-bullying: Rashmi Sawant first Indian girl president to Oxford University student union force
Due to constant cyber bullying for her past tweets 1) she had captioned a Malaysia photo with "Ching Chang", Which is termed
word "Trans woman", Instead of letting them as just "women" Which is termed as transphobic/homophobic 3) Her mother had
Ram so a faculty member raised concern that Rashmi was within Islamophobic background. Her defense? Being a non-native E
posted some tweets 3 to 5 years ago, And has apologized, YET cyberbullies / cancel-culture people continue to harass her. Less
associated only with a single religious group. It has many facets involving race and sexuality as well.
The task of the government is not only to pour honey into a cup, but sometimes to give bitter medicine. — Vladimir Putin. But,
preferred over bitter medicine e.g. 1) Gujarat state govt U turns helmet rule- First Made compulsory → public protest so made h
again by high court order made compulsory (2020) [2) USA Texas state government allowing all the bars and pubs to open at 1
(2021).
Roskomnadzor: Russia's Media regulator -Instead of doing outright ban on Twitter it has enforced "slowed down" - Twitter web
slowly in Russia. With the hopes that eventually the activist will lose patience and scatter away. Russian authorities dislike Twitt
drug, suicide, hate speech & Anti-government tweets in Timely fashion.
PM to launch Azadika Amrit Mahotsav (75 years of independence) by flagging off a 386-km “Dandi March” from Sabarmati Ashr
Navsari district of South Gujarat
Chinese Parliament 14th five year plan (2021-25) : Approved building a dam in Medog county of Tibet over Brahmaputra river.
India 😰
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Online Quad summit: let them conclude, then we will see the outcome.
EU Parliament declared LGBT freedom zone. This is mainly because 1) Poland - where many municipalities passed resolutions a
Some EU nations forbid sex-change operation.
Hiraba: Prime Minister's mother got vaccinated against Corona.
Punjab and Haryana High Court orders 1) to set up safe houses for run-away couples marrying against the family wishes. 2) Se
couples can file complaints without being physically present.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Sweden’s V-Dem Institute described India as "electoral autocracy”: India is as “autocratic” as Pakistan, and worse t
Sindhu Sadhana -Research vessel, scientist from National Institute of Oceanography Panaji. It will collect samples of microorgan
genome mapping. It will help understand how microbes have adopted to different level of iron zinc cadmium, copper etc in vari
of polymetallic nodules.
Insurance Act 1938 to be amendment to ⏫FDI from 49% to 74%: Features arguments in favour and against ... will see that in
Prompt corrective action framework (PCA): RBI keeps categorizes weak banks in 3 risk-categories, based on their profitability, B
performing assets- And takes streak actions on them like Restricting the branch expansion, loan activities etc. Previously IDBI w
removed.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Indian youtuber's Income from USA: Google company to withhold 15% as tax to USA Government.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋SEBI said that no mutual funds should own more than 10 percent of AT1 bonds issued by a single bank. At1 bonds w
series.
National Safety Council (1965)- a body in the Ministry of Labour setup under by the Societies Registration Act. March 4 Nationa
Broken window theory in policing: If small crimes are not prevented it results into Bigger tragedies /Bigger crimes. 1) Govt insta
lights but their Lead Storage batteries are stolen by rowdy elements. No light in the night → robberies, eve-teasing, rape, murd
India exports cast iron manhole (गटर के ढक्कन) covers to the USA but within India we use concrete /Cement Manhole covers becaus
stolen for selling as metal scrap. But poor quality of concrete → broken cover/open manhole → poor families' infants fall into ma
Poverty/Destitute as a root cause of petty theft of Manhole covers and lead batteries- True but cannot be condoned. Strict actio
spread awareness/IEC-ki-pipudi" Alone cannot solve such problems.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Vaccine Maitri: Delhi High Court observes: "government should earn Goodwill within the country then earn it outside
that India is exporting vaccines to even a not so friendly countries it will deprive Indian population from faster inoculation."
Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) : virtual meeting of the foreign minis
India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar and Thailand on April 1. Sri Lanka is the host. Controversy because they invited the Myanmar
that Sri Lanka is endorsing the coup.
Department of Telecom Telecom licensing condition: Telecom companies cannot buy buy products from non trusted sources. e.
been under for allegedly installing ‘backdoor’ or ‘trapdoor’ vulnerabilities spying for the Chinese government
MV SWARNA Krishna, an oil tanker with an all-women crew-Started from Mumbai to reach vadinar port in Gujarat.
GP Samanta as the Chief Statistician of India for a period of two years, Under Ministry of statistics and programme implementat
Patriotism consists not in waving the flag, but in striving that our country shall be righteous as well as strong- James Bryce -Brit

Leadership: Since Indira Gandhi transformed the cabinet system of government to a presidential style of administration in the 1
replicate the model in the states to consolidate powers in their office. Chief minister -Narendra Modi Jayalalitha Nitish Kumar Ma
Pinarayi Vijayan - All of them keep the important portfolios (Home, revenue, Industries, Mineral etc) with themselves, And run t
bureaucrats (IAS). Other ministers are kept mostly given ceremonial rubber stamp portfolios - Tourism, Pilgrim development, Pr
and wool development etc. Cabinet merely becomes an extension of a leader's personality. Absence of Negotiation/ consensus
highway" approach. Uttarakhand these elements combined with patronage, kinship and caste e.g. Ex-CM Rawat proposing to m
Uttarakhand → Instability → Ambitious legislators shift parties to make or break government, for not getting position of power.
Kerala CPM: two-term limit for MLAs. Then they will not be given the election ticket. 🤩Benefit? infusion of fresh talent into the
from among those who have spent long years in the organisation. Otherwise disaffection → ambitious leaders joining other poli
anti-party activity. 2) Same leader keeps getting tickets from the same place→ Personality cult driven politics rather than party
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Controversies related to PM cares Fund ke it recieved XXX crores from Adani Ambani and tata. Basic theory covered
If a vaccine vial has "Clinical trial mode" Label - 1) Phase 3 clinical trial is not fully completed 2) If the patient suffers from serio
compensated by the company 3) Company has to send frequent information about the safety and efficacy government authorit
Subject expert Committee (SEC) Proposal to CDSCO to remove this label from Bharat Biotech covaxin.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Russia China agree to setup a Lunar research station on Moon. Let them announce its fancy name.
Godhan Nyay Yojana — Chhattisgarh government’s cow dung procurement scheme. Government by the cow dung at ₹2/kg fro
₹8/kg as vermicompost. Parliamentary standing committee on agriculture recommends the union to implement such scheme at
Delhi State Budget: ₹45 crore for installing 500 High-Mast National flags across Delhi to instill the spirit of Patriotism among. Ni
Budget"
IBC pre-pack- Just taught in Yesterday's Win21 Lecture.
Maitri Setu connecting Sabroom (Tripura) with Ramgarh (Bangladesh) over Feni River → From Ramgarh (Bangladesh) → Chatto
kilometres from Ramgarh so, this will provide quick access to Northeast States to export through sea port. Constructed by India
Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL). This is also part of HIRA-wala Development- Highways, I-ways (info
highway/communication infra), Railways and Airways.
Trans border connectivity -World Bank report trust deficit between India and Bangladesh. Consequently even though Banglades
Motor vehicle agreement was signed in 2015, Insufficient growth in road cargo transport because 1) Poor infrastructure 2) High
barriers 3) Excessive security checks. Indian firm- 15-20% cheaper to trade with Brazil or Germany in Bangladesh. After reform
grow by 8%
Post-Brexit: Britain is trying to revive its ties with Indo-Pacific nations-Because of the familiarity & economic/cultural connect sin
WW1- UK-Japan had friendly relations- due to common enemies (China and Russia), but soured during & after WW2, When Jap
Now Britain offers Japan to Join 1) Five eyes intelligence Alliance (USA, UK, Australia, New Zealand, Canada), 2) D10 group for
China). On the other hand Japan may also invite the UK to join QUAD grouping (India US Australia Japan). This will help curtail
over the Asian continent.
Gilgit-Baltistan's LEGISLATIVE Assembly passed unanimous resolution asking asking the federal Pakistan government to grant it
Representation in Pak Parliament. India's stand- Gilgit Baltistan region is part of India, Illegally occupied by Pakistan.
Olympics 1) 2021- Tokyo Olympics bans foreign spectators due to Corona. Originally it was to be organised in 2020 2) Delhi Sta
apply for hosting 2048 Olympics which will mark 100 years of India's Independence.
Local bodies Problem: J&K newly elected District Development Councils from all parties, including the BJP, boycotted a two-day
jointly staged a demonstration seeking better status and facilities. Not even given office space. Puducherry model of Panchayat
enjoy the status of Cabinet ministers and vice chairpersons of Ministers of State. Whereas in J&K They are given status equal to
while in the Ladakh Development Council-Chairperson enjoy status of cabinet minister. This effects chairpersons' Powers to recr
expenses, his own salary, bungalow, vehicle security guard, and other ceremonial / Protocol duties.
Political instability in Uttrakhand- 9 CM in 20 years, (After the resignation of Trivendra Singh Rawat). Smaller States touted to b
administration but this provides a counter argument
World Health Organisation: one in every 3 woman experiences violence- physical/sexual.
Israel- first country to have "vaccine passport"- It is basically a certificate that allows vaccinated persons to visit public facilities
and hotels in the country. In future May even prove useful for international travel.
USA Capitalism system of Economy- Dominance of Private sector banks. There is only one public sector bank, the state bank of
financial scams, incl Subprime crisis 2007-08 highlighted the The shortcomings of the private sector banking system- 1) Reckles
weak borrowers 2) Institutional bias against racial minorities- Black, Asian, Mexican - Either the loans are not passed quickly, or
interest rate for being more 'risky'. 3) Various state governments of USA planning to introduce bills to setup public sector banks
community, infrastructure projects and small businesses.
Tamil Nadu state election manifesto/ Electoral populism: DMK promises ₹1000 monthly allowance to housewives, AIADMK Prom
cylinders per year. Controversy? lack of clarity on how the state government could source funds to cater to these heavy-budget
times of Corona led ⏬⏬ in revenue collection.
New umbrella entities (NUEs) - Presently, Paytm has rival companies like Mobikwick, Phonepe; Mastercard X Visa; SBI X Axis Ba
company against NPCi. NPCi is an umbrella entity for retail payments system - it operates in card payment (RuPay), Money tran
(UPI, BHIM), ATM Network (NFS),Aadhaar enabled payment system (AEPS), fast tag etc. So in order to bring Competition and i
applications for NUE. Last date to apply is 31st March. Many Indian and global companies expressed interest.
SMS scrubbing- Telecom Regulatory Authorityof India(Trai) guideline that Telecom service providers will have to verify Every SM
delivery.- mainly to prevent marketing spam SMS. Challenge? Many genuine SMS/OTP not getting delivered.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Rupee dollar Exchange rate crude oil prices
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ GST e-invoice limits- Dynamically changing information, SEBI norms for unique client code (UCC) for commodity de
NCLAT powers on Corporate insolvency,
Environment ministry has proposed Project Lion- To prevent the extinction of Asiatic lion. Planning to set up wildlife research ce
canine distemper virus which had resulted in death of Gir lions in previous years.
Racism & Patriarchy: Hollywood Actress Meghan Markle married British Prince Harry but his royal family allegedly expressed res
of their child'. Meghan Markle Suffering from depression and suicidal thought wanted to meet psychologist but Royal Palace offi
thinking it would harm the reputation of the monarchy. Later Meghan markle and Harry have left the British royal family to purs
in USA.
Afghanistan redevelopment: proposal for regional conference under the UN auspices with foreign ministers of US, India, Russia
discuss a “unified approach” on Afghanistan.
Ministry of Home Affairs notification imposing restrictions on Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) from 1) practising journalism or re
Tabligh or missionary activities. 3) OCI can apply for for NEET/JEE etc test, But they will not be eligible for the admission seats
exclusively for the Indian citizens
Malala Yousafzai: Youngest Nobel Peace Prize winner (2014) signs deal with Apple company for developing drama documentary
in Pakistan, Graduated from Oxford UK
1) 1979: Second backward classes Commission (Mandal Commission) - Socially and economically backward classes (SEBC) be g
1992: Indra Sawhney v. Union of India judgement / Mandal judgment: Vertical quota cannot exceed 50%, Except in Exceptiona
efficiency of the public administration also need to be ensured. 3) 1993: Tamil Nadu 69% reservation Law- kept in Ninth schedu
to prevent Judicial review under Article 31A. 4) 2007: I.R. Coelho case (2007) SC ruled- 9th schedule laws cannot be challenged
of fundamental rights but Can be challenged on the grounds that it violates the basic structure of the constitution. 5) 2019: 103
10% reservation to Economically weaker section (EWS) from unreserved categories. 6) Maharashtra state government provides
Bombay High Court ⏬to 12-13% SC petition: Maharashtra total quota exceeding 50% so 1) Weather Maratha reservation is an
be allowed as per the Mandal judgement 2) Re looking the Mandal judgement 50% Limit itself in the light of subsequent Consti
judgments and changed social dynamics of the society etc”
National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992 Provides one chairman, one Vice Chairman and five members - 7 persons. Delhi h
displeasure that the union government is not filling up vacancies of NCM. 6 notified minorities in decreasing order of population
Buddhist Jain Parsi.
Evidence Act 1872: “a Judge may ask any relevant or irrelevant question / document / proof from parties, discover the truth. Pa
to it without permission of the judge." Controversy? Rape case where accused has promised to marry girl. So, SC Judge asked "
her?"- To ascertain whether that particular accusation was correct or not. But a section of media and activist took the question
was suggesting him to marry.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋IIM autonomy controversies involving directors and ministers, Personal data protection bill Re identification of anony
Essay topic: Internet imperialism (साम्राज्यवाद)- 1) Even if Indian app developer sells an app for ₹100 on Google Play Store, Google
commission. Further the app developer may host content on a server by Amazon / Microsoft who will take away more money fr
will have to to pay for advertisements on Google Facebook to attract more visitors to download his apps ⏬⏬ Ad companies wil
₹70. Similar to Jamidar/European cultivators fattening their wallets at the expense of Indigo farmers / Bonded labourers. 2) Eas
looted India through spices, sandalwood, ivory, cotton etc trade these modern, Foreign Tech Giants will do harvesting / selling
Only 20 Indian tech firms have valuation over a billion dollars. Business loan interest rate in India may be 15%, whereas in the
Access to capital, Indian companies cannot be expected to counter Facebook, Google , Microsoft Apple and other Tech Giants. J
industrialists could not compete with the European textile companies. 4) British authorities Divide and rule policy / fear-monger
Facebook/Twitter not taking quick action against #Farmergenocide & other fake news - fear mongering for pageviews/ad reven
to trial by Indian judges. Google / Facebook / Twitter oppose the idea of being subjected to Indian judges / Tax authorities.

EPFO reforms: 1) It is offering only 8.5% interest whereas private sector pension funds giving attractive Returns. EPFO is a lega
upon the workers - Because compulsorily a portion of their salary is deducted and saved here, Mostly to give loans to governme
give good Returns (compared to investing in shares/bonds of blue chip companies). 2) Non transparency of investment. the late
only up to 2018-19. 3) California State Government EPFO- Much more transparent in showing where they have invested the the
Tax terrorism: 2019-Sabka Vishwas Legacy dispute resolution scheme: Businessman could settle his pending cases related to se
authorities may give him relief from higher penalties. 2021- Revenue collection ⏬Due to Corona so to fill up the tax collection t
sending notices to Businessman who had settled the matter in past. And giving them only 7 days time period to reply to notices
Corona. Earlier Economic Surveys had recommended Government to avoid Economic Policy Uncertainty else ease of doing biz ⏬
💼Budget-2021: Automakers to give 5% rebate on purchase of new car, If the customer gives his old vehicle for scrapping. Ben
older polluting vehicles. 2) GDP job creation in automobile sector.
Petrol getting expensive is a good news for the sugar ethanol industry because it will encourage more research and efforts for e
petrol.
Mount Etna: volcanic eruption Italy
Soft Diplomacy: 1) Buddhist Association of China- They organised world summits for Buddhist, Appointed Panchen Lama as Vice
second highest authority after the Dalai Lama) and Nepali politicians as members. Trying to prepare Lumbini (Nepal) as the cen
billion dollar infrastructure funding, to wean away spiritual tourism power from India. 2) Chinese People’s Association for Friend
Countries(CPAFFC): They sponsor Civil Society groups in various countries to fuel opinion and propaganda against Indian borde
freedom movement. 3) New Social Class Work (NSW): They target emerging social Elites in foreign countries e.g. IT/Media pro
influencers, Film television fashion music celebrities etc. | China uses soft diplomacy tools in addition to its military aggression,
offensive diplomacy.
Commonwealth Day- second Monday in March, In all the countries that were formal colonies of the British Empire. So each yea
date. 2021: 8th March. Theme- "Delivering a Common Future "
Badminton Swiss open 2021: Carolina Marín (Spain) defeated PV Sindhu (India)

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Budget session of parliament- second leg/ part-II begins: Government may introduce built related to Pension Fund R
Authority (Amendment) Bill, National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development Bill, Electricity (Amendment) Bill and C
of Official Digital Currency Bill, ⏫legal age of marriage for women.✋ But let them get introduced and passed then Prepare the
8th March: International Women's Day
Emotional intelligence vs Friendship/ Loyalty/ Patience / Relationship management: Youngsters choosing pets over human relat
Postponing marriage for career, Child upbringing cost⏫, Divorce rates⏫ 2) Pets can live on the same bowl of food. don't dema
/ caring like Children. Animals greet the owner more enthusiastically than family members. 3) Human interactions (husband wif
bring conflict. Whereas pet animals do not. 4) Even if a pet destroys some furniture, ceramic plates-We can forgive them becau
in the case of humans we continue to hold vindictiveness / grudge for a long time- even for words spoken in the past. Implicati
years. Real human friends / family members will continue to stay for a very long period. But, youngsters unable to develop skill
intelligence to deal with human relationships. Instead, they develop growing cynicism towards human society that dogs/pets ar
to share such memes and wallpapers 24/7 Instead of trying to reflect why they are unable to find loyal friends. [3) Rise of 'Inte
communities' where pets are becoming more valuable than humans. Lady Gaga offered a $50,000 bounty to recover her kidnap
School girls kidnaped to be sold as slaves- yet very little attention. [4) "Woke Culture": 'Disdain' for the label 'owner' of the pet.
'Parent' of the pet → Empathy missing for Orphan Children, Child Labourers.

Environmental ethics: 1) Great Indian Bustard -Its forward vision is not strong. So, they fly into fans of wind-mills. A tool of Clea
of biodiversity destruction/ 2) Individuals can be jailed upto 7 years for killing peacocks under Wildlife Protection Act 1972. But
make railroad, airport And industrial Park → Habitat destruction → Slow death of peacocks, No jail for any bureaucrat or politicia
to carry 100 kg timber or walk graciously in religious processions. It is inevitable some of them will go berserk / attack people. 4
Some feed food to stray dogs, monkeys & pigeons while others Throwing stones at them If stray animals urinate/defecate on th
Globalization: 1] Food is a dynamic expression of our cultural identity. e.g. A] Fusion: Dosa with Cheese & Tomato sauce. Pizza
Indian families are familiar with noodles, pasta, bread, cake. B] Compromise: Indian diaspora unable to find the authentic India
/spices/vegetables in foreign countries, so they make dishes using local substitutes/ alternatives. 2) 16-17 century Tomatoes ca
⏬ → prices high so families used tamarind (इमली) & kokum as souring agents (खट्टा करने के लिए) while peanuts & coconut as bulking
India- tomatoes supply ⏫ → used as both souring & bulking agents.
Book: Methods in Madness: Parameswaran Iyer (IAS), Associated with swachh Bharat mission
Cricket: India enters world test Championship final after defeating England in A'bad.
SC ‘hybrid’ mode hearing - counsel appear either via videoconferencing or be physically present in court. If the lawyer does not
shall be presumed that he wants to appear through video conferencing.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ RBI Inflation targeting, production linked incentive scheme, GDP growth projections, Income tax raids on Taapsee P
GK🏋️
Death: MG GEORGE MUTHOOT, Chairman Muthoot group- known for gold loans.
26th Conference of Parties (COP) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to held in Glasgow, UK in 202
world countries promised $100 billion per year funding. But struggling to reach even $80bn. Corona will ⏬Their capacity to fina
China may announce ambitious climate change targets just to appease/conclude trade deals with USA and European Union. Thi
pressure on India & other nations of BASIC (Brazil, South Africa, China and India) because EU-UK pledged carbon neutrality by
neutrality by 2060. Considering India's target for development, poverty removal, energy security -We cannot blindly copy them.
Similipal national park and a tiger reserve: Odisha’s Mayurbhanj district / Eastern Ghat. News because of forest fire
Each department is created for a purpose and involves training inputs specific to the job requirements. Police personnel are rec
crime and maintain law and order, while prison officers are recruited and trained to reform and rehabilitate offenders. That's wh
prison reforms recommended a separate all India prison service, similar to IAS/IPS. Yet, Given the shortage of officers in the st
deputed. This is also a violation of separation of powers - Police officers cannot enter judicial custody without court order.
Superstition: Vadorara 6 family members attempt suicide after loosing 32 lakh in Various rituals suggested by the astrologers to
condition. Police books 9 astrologers across India. Previously Another Vadodara man lost 40 lakh to an astrologer to get a wife
Previously cases of rape/sexual exploitation of women. Q1) Reasons for prevalence of superstition and blind faith even among t
areas? Ans. Greed / Lust/ Desperation. Consumerist / Capitalist Economy: Pressure to earn lots of money quickly. Lifestyle living
young professionals buying expensive cars, unable to repay loans in Corona. Engaging in speculative business/sharemarket for
Loneliness / depression. Social norms/Patriarchy desire for a male child. Etc. Q2) As municipal commissioner (IAS) or Police Com
you do to prevent this? 1] Registration of astrologer shops / Are they paying property tax / professional tax- collab with IRS- ins
जो ढोंगी तांत्रिक बहुत ज्यादा हवा में उड़ रहे हैं वह थोड़े लिमिट में रहे 2] Drugs and Magic Remedies. Act. 1954: Prevents advertisement /selling of Talism
claiming miraculous powers to cure diseases. Keeping track of Newspaper advertisement to detect such non-sense people. 3] S
numbers - tell the counselors to categorically tell callers not to approch such astrologers /baba-log. 4] Awareness Programs in s
aware -Through them make their parents aware.

Combined Commanders Conference, held at Kevadia, Narmada district Gujarat / Statue of Unity, Under chairmanship of Defenc
Model code of Conduct: After taking Corona Vaccine, People are given vaccine certificate, Which includes Photographs of PM Mo
complain to Election Commission due to MCC in Vidhan Sabha election W.Bengal, Assam, Kerala etc. EC ordered removal of pho
75 years of Independence — Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav: high-level national 259 member committee to commemorate 75 years o
PM. Members include former President ministers governors chief ministers sports persons, Army generals and other eminent cit
filmstars, bizmen.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋GoM on improving govt communication - let announcement come. | SSR/RHEA Case.
Cookies: website codes. Stay in a visitor’s browser and they continue to follow the person as he moves on from one website to
of Chetan Bhagat goto newspaper website Google's Adsense company may start displaying Amazon advertisement banners for
books. 🤩Pros: 1) Targeted /Customised advertisements sales conversion Newspaper website will also on earn commission. New
Website cannot continue to generate free content without sustainable passive income from ads. 2) Targeted advertisements es
businesses. Else people may never know about them! 😰Cons: 1) Privacy Violation. 2) Harvesting user data FB sold to Cambridg
delivering targeted ads against Hillary Clinton and helping Donald Trump election- rich candidate can buy cookie-data to win, po
3) Security challenges/Financial frauds. 4) If young adults searching Financial tips Online gambling / poker sites. If searching fo
Fake astrologer ki ads. ✅Way forward: Google Parent company Alphabet has announced it'll discontinue user-tracking "cookies
some new tools to address the needs of users and advertisers!)
QS (Quacquarelli Symonds) World University Ranking 2021: 12 India universities in top 100 subject rankings (8 in 2020)
EPFO interest rate 2020-21: 8.5% lowest in last 8 years.
Ministry of housing and urban affairs: Million Plus Cities 1) Ease of living index Top5: Bengaluru Pune Ahmedabad Chennai Sura
index Top5: Indore, Surat, Bhopal, Pimpri-Chinchwad, Pune. Separate ranking for cities with less than million population
Wipro acquires British Consultancy Firm Capco for $1.45 bn, its biggest ever buy (Interview Question for IT Graduates)
A great democracy has got to be progressive or it will soon cease to be great or a democracy. — Theodore Roosevelt
Cancel culture in Literature: American children books author Dr. Seuss wrote books in 1930s- Carrying racist Stereotypes e.g. A
skirts, Asian men described as “helpers with slanted eyes from from countries no one can spell ''. Movements to cancel/remove
books- Similar with Mark Twain books. 🤩Pro: will prevent young children from being exposed to racial stereotyping. ✋Counter?
curating or modifying his work To suit the present day social attitudes - is a disservice to literary freedom. It should be preserve
Children born in the era, Have not automatically become racist because of a book. They fondly remember the "experience" of re
content itself.
Sports Ethics: ICC anti corruption unit findings on Match-Fixing 1) Bookies ⏫Use of Bitcoins and encrypted messaging Apps / S
detection. 2) 10-12 Indian bookies are responsible for most of the match fixing in entire cricket world 3) ICC to Identify the kno
photos on the website to name them and shame them & will order Cricketers to avoid meeting these "Excluded persons'' 4) Ben
have bought T20 cricket teams In the name of other owner. behind the curtain they are fixing the matches, by pressurizing the
getting them removed from the team.
Domicile based employment preference or reservation: Article 16(3): Parliament can make law for domicile based reservation in
legislature cannot. Constitution does not speak about domicile based reservation in private sector. Yet, Haryana State Employm
2020 to reserve 75% of jobs having salary upto 50k for local people- Both in public and private sector: 1) Companies will try to
outstate workers informally /not-on-formal pay records:- Worker social security⏬,Cash based economy, blackmoney and tax ev
Haryana may ⏫Labour Inspector Raj → Ease of doing business ⏬, Corruption⏫. 3) social unrest / violence- local vs outsiders.
challenged in court-so not yet implemented in reality. Madhya Pradesh also similar law. Constitutional angles of Right to profess
Non-discrimination. 6) When/If Supreme Court strike down this bill → politicians may fuel youth's disaffection towards judiciary,
not creating enough jobs. 7) Class descriminition: if pvt company offering salary over 50k- then outsiders (rich/Educated family
the entry barriers created only for the poor and low skilled people but not for rich. 8) Job entry barriers go against the spirit of
Removal of article 370 in J&K.
Local bodies mein OBC RESERVATION is only “statutory”, unlike the “constitutional” reservation for SC/ST. So, OBC reservation
reservation crosses 50%- says SC. But wait for the Columns/explain series no need for self PHD YET.
JHARKHAND government for the first time presented an outcome-based budget, in which departments have been given specific
the results of which will be measured by the end of next financial year. Union budget already has a system of Output Outcome
intention
Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA): e.g. Mauritius Resident doing job/biz/investment in India- if Both the Mauritius
Demand tax on his income -Double taxation. To avoid that burden on the person, Govts sign DTAA agreements. challenges? 1)
avoidance through round-tripping 2) Resident / Non-Resident status determined based on how long you have stayed in India. B
restrictions: So Finance ministry allowed some temporary relief regarding "Resident" definition & submission of documents
Insurance ombudsman Quasi judicial body under Insurance Act, 1938. Functioning since 1999 to help Customers file Complaint
companies. Finance ministry updated the rules: now Customers can 1) File complaint against insurance brokers also 2) File com
International Energy Agency (IEA, HQ: Paris): US, EU nations, Japan have become advanced economies / developed countries
past. Developing nations like India depend on coal for 60 per cent of their energy, and coal and associated sectors are major em
won’t be fair to ask developing nations to stop using coal without giving international financial assistance.
Mary Shelly’s Novel Frankenstein. Scientist revives a dead person through Chemical electrical experimentation. But this creature
frightened villagers for his hideous appearance. Monster begins killing people for hating him, & demands scientists to make him
him, Because humans will not love him. But scientist does not comply, monster kills his fiance Scientist was revenge but dies of
feels deep regret, goes for suicide. Reflection: 1) Who is the real monster here? The scientist or his much-vilified creation? 2) W
college/university- And the professor tries to compare with real-world parallel narratives: 1] USA creating Osama Bin Laden, 2]
etc. Social media outrage by certain groups: Freedom of speech and academic Independence ⏬
Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra: A character -Octavius Caesar is the grand-nephew of Roman Emperor Julius Caesar. Octa
of acquiring power through any means necessary- from false propaganda, lies. dirty tricks, betraying / punishing his friends & lo
story is taught in college/university- And the professor tries to compare with real-world parallel narratives Of various national le
by certain groups: Freedom of speech and academic Independence ⏬
Gangavaram port Andhra Pradesh India's deepest all weather port, in news because Adani company making investment
National Cyber Power Index 2020 by Harvard University: #1-5: China, Netherlands, France, USA, Canada. India 21 out of 30 co
of Cyber Defence, Offence, Surveillance, Control, Intelligence, Commercial Norms. Cyber warfare is non-contact warfare. it can
from manipulating election, to Banking Finance frauds, to traffic / power / airlines / military operations.
In cricket: India Pakistan rivalry is unparalleled both in the sportsperson and the spectators. But in Tennis, Rohan Bopanna (Ind
(Pak)- This India Pak tennis doubles to play at ATP tournament in Acapulco, Mexico. The Sporting spirit and maturity need to to
and bilateral relationships
Iraq: Grand Ayatullah Al Sistani- head of Shia Islam. He is opposed to the direct rule By clerics. Unlike Iran- where Grand Ayatu
the Govt. Pope Francis (Vetican) is planning to meet Grand Ayatollah of Iraq. Soft diplomacy: 1) ⏬Persecution of Christian mino
Iraq-Western powers ties against Iran.
1) Freedom house, NGO, USA publishes "Freedom in the world" To check the condition of political rights and civil liberties. Coun
Free, or Not Free. India downgraded from free to partly free, because of sustained erosion of civil liberties. 2) Separately Frenc
borders" publishes Press Freedom Index 2020: India Ranked 142 out of 180. #1 is Norway.
Vaccine efficacy-Ability of the vaccine to protect the person. Bharat Biotech Covaxin vaccine 81%, Russian Sputnik 92%. Althou
different level of efficacy in different races/DNA profiles/loctaions e.g. Covovax 90% (UK) but 60%(S.Africa)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ 4G spectrum auction: Jio top bidder.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ IMF members agreed to expand SDR. Let it get actually finalized
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋IBM India, HP India etc import softwares for selling in India. So, when they send payments to foreign suppliers - It w
Equalisation levy tax. But it'll not be counted as 'Royalty payment'. IT dept can't ask 10% TDS / royalty tax on this. says SC. ✋C
benefit from exam point of view.
Knowledge economy: India is losing the leadership in the knowledge economy except for space, pharma, IT. 1) Brain drain that
accelerating 2) China is providing tough competition in these sectors- Particularly in hardware production 3) Philippines Indones
offering graduates with command over english, data processing, IT, engineering to MNCs. 4) Space Sector grown because of G
missing in case of Electronics/hardware. Pharma sector growth because of the private initiative. But they're not Spending adequ
research and development is pointed out by the economic survey. Jugaad mentality harming tru
Greenland is a self-governing island of Denmark. It has huge reserves of rare Earth minerals that can be used for creating supe
used in wind turbines, electric vehicles, aircrafts & high-tech weapons. Greenland Glaciers melting so, mining companies in race
minerals. Challenge? Rare earth minerals' ores naturally contain uranium and thorium. Processing involves the separation and r
thorium, which results in TENORM wastes. Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORM)
Flex Engine / flexible-fuel vehicle / dual-fuel / Alternative fuel engine: Capable of using traditional Petrol/diesel, as well as altern
and methanol. Highway Minister told Indian automakers to focus on this
When your conduct is determined solely by consideration of profit you will arouse great resentment- Confucius
Diaspora: While in USA, Canada, United Kingdom - persons of Indian origin command noticeable presence in politics, bureaucra
same not true in Australia because 1) Indian migrants lag the social and professional network to connect them with politicians a
dominated by White/Anglo communities. 2) Power brokers pluck scholars/activists from Melbourne University → hire as Advisors
get election tickets. Indian students mostly focused on tech/biz courses & not in humanities subjects & University politics 3) Eve
is given an election ticket - They lack the skill to articulate political agenda, handling of Press/media.
Rape is a non compoundable offence i.e. Settlement not possible outside the court, unlike commercial / civil / business / proper
instances police, panchayat, lower courts try to Mediate such settlements asking rapist to marry the girl. But this Patriarchal atti
and suffering. After marriage, victim may be subjected to domestic violence and marital rape repeatedly. Reduces the dignity an
equal citizens. Latest controversy involving Supreme Court judge asking an alleged rapist whether he'd marry the victim girl?
Union budget and state budget get Press/media attention but Municipal budgets are neglected in press coverage- Even though
Consequently it reduces the accountability of the Municipality for clean air, clean water, garbage, Traffic, Park and amenities.
LSTV & RSTV Merged into Sansad TV As per the recommendations of Parliament appointed panel A. Suryaprakash (ex-chairman
are still being worked out on how actually it will cover both the houses.
Orissa Govt started its first state survey of social and educational conditions of people from backward classes who made up 54%
Haryana state employment of local candidates act 2021: Provides 75% quota in private sector job seekers from among the loca
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Phase-2 vaccination - 50 lakh people registered overcrowding at many places so now clinics to Remain open for lon
Epigraph: A computer algorithm which is being used / can be used for designing vaccines for HIV ebola influenza etc,
Novichok: Nerve agent / chemical poison. Russian agents used it on opposition leader Alexei Navalny. Now USA and European U
Russian officials under their chemical and biological weapons control related Acts.
Covishield vaccination interval between the two doses - 28 days. But looking at International studies some scientist was sugges
months- This will help covering more number of people with first dose, instead of covering only 50% juntaa with 2 doses.
Federalism: Indian Police Service rules 1954-Union government can transfer and depute IPS officers Under the the central gove
concurrence of the respective state Govt. If state government disagrees then Union government decision shall prevail. Previous
wanted to transfer some IPS officers from West Bengal cadre etc. SC upholds the unions power in this matter.
Uttar Pradesh vidhansabha passed Prevention of Property defacement bill: Anyone pasting posters / writing slogans etc on wall
property will face upto 1 year jail and 1 lakh fine. [Which actually shows the severeness of this menace! & its significance in ⏫
elegant looking city]
78th Golden Globe awards: 1) Chloe Zhao First first Asian American women to win award for direction (Nomad land). 2) Late Ch
panther superhero) for best actor Motion Picture drama for movie 'Ma Rainey's Black Bottom'
Chinese hacker group Red Echo accused of "Shadow pad" malware attack For massive power outage in Mumbai in 2020-Oct aft
Russia was also accused of shutting down electricity in Ukraine
2004: Vajpayee Musharraf tripod Framework for peace 1) Pakistan will reduce cross-border violence 2) India will negotiate on K
measures to generate a conducive environment. But it collapsed in later years. 2019-20: 1) Pakistan had hoped to get UNSC int
Removal/Kashmir with the help of China but failed because Russia & Western support for India. 2) In recent years Indian diplom
sentiment in the financial action task force (FATF) for Money laundering and Terror Finance- Pakistan's economy is feeling the p
from grey list to blacklist then FATF member Nations will prohibit their Investors banks and nbfc from having financial relations
International investors and foreign bankers already shying away from investing/helping Pak Bizmen. 3) Surgical strike 4) Pakista
Javed Bajwa Agreed for ceasefire & respect for LOC. (Column C Rajamohan)
Numaligarh Refinery- Assam earlier owned by Bharat Petroleum Corporation BPCL but now selling it to other players.
Presidents convicted in corruption / Abuse office: 1) Brazil Dilma Rousseff (Impeachment) 2) South Korea Park Geun-hye (25 ye
France Nicolas Sarkozy (Accepting illegal election donations, Bribing judges)- 3 years jail. Previously 2011 President Jacques Ch
Observation? 1) Corruption and abuse of power is not confined only to third world countries. Human greed and lust for power p
developed Nations With high level of human development 2) When presidents engage in malpractices, difficult to expect ethical
subordinate officials / Ministers.
2010: INDIA became the third country after Australia and New Zealand to have a quasi-judicial body,the NationalGreenTribunal
cases.
Swachh Survekshan by Ministry of housing and urban affairs: survey to assess waste segregation, wet waste processing capacit
construction and demolition waste processing, and landfill waste. Further, city ranking: 1) Open Defecation Free (ODF),2) ODF+
maintained), 3) ODF++ (when sewage systems operate) 4) garbage-free rating. BEFORE: Municipal areas now district will also
Samman awards of divya (platinum), anupam (gold), ujjwal (silver), udit (bronze), and aarohi (copper / aspiring). 2016: Mysuru
Survekshan while Indore has won the last three (2017-18-19). 2020 winner awaited.
Circular economy's one component is:- "Prolonging the life cycle / repair / reuse / Refurbishment of a electric appliances". Elect
repair 1) often glued or riveted together, you need specialist tools or have to break open the device, then you can’t repair it. 2)
3) Poor quality of material & assembly. European Union- Right to repair framework: COMPANIES THAT sell refrigerators,washer
need to ensure those appliances can be repaired for up to 10 years, to help ⏬electrical waste. Companies need to provide spar
instruction manuals for disassembly & repair.
RBI report on ‘State of the Economy’: 1) 0.4% Quarterly GDP growth-Shallow and short-lived recovery. Animal spirit is missing
economist John Maynard Keynes argued that investors and consumers are guided by animal spirit / psychological urge than unb
facts. 2) Home loan ⏬
Andhra bank and Corporation Bank merged with Union Bank so now 2 merged banks' IFSC codes are set to change to UBIN08*
Financial System Code are like PIN code numbers for the bank branches for financial transactions
Ministry of Food Processing Industries: Operation Greens (OG) originally for Controlling the prices of tomatoes onions potatoes
on building warehouse, cold storage infrastructure for farmer org & companies→ Post harvest losses ⏬ → Round the year supp
prices. Atma-Nirbhar 2020/Budget-2021: We will expand coverage to 22 perishable commodities. Although data in last 3 years
seasonal Inflation in T-O-P continues. 2) 😰Farmer hardly getting 26 to 32% of the final selling price of T-O-P. Remaining 68-74
wholesalers retailers and intermediaries. Solutions: 1) OG presently implemented by Jt.Secretary (IAS) rank officers But they ro
promotions so there is no consistency in implementation of the scheme. Visionary technocrat like Vargis Kurien should be appoi
operation Greens 2) Criteria for choosing funding clusters need to be made more transparent. e.g. Tomatoes: Nashik/Pimpalgao
while less important districts from Odisha (Kendujhar and Mayurbhanj), Gujarat (Sabarkantha, Anand and Kheda) and West Ben
(Bihar) included but Aurangabad (Maharashtra) left out. For potato, Punjab added only after CM's request. Perhaps Govt's ration
and Punjab have better SCM so we shd focus on backward districts BUT District selection should be made more quantifiable and
politics aways. 3) It took almost 20 years for the Operation Flood to improve the milk Supply chain management (SCM) in India
OG.
Decarbonisation has become a buzzword but to ensure it gets effective action on the ground, the ministries need to stop workin
vehicular Pollution 1) Ministry of heavy industries -Encourage e-vehicle production 2) Highway ministry encourage re-charging s
ministry & Power Ministry encourage wind and solar plants' connectivity to such station 4) Science technology ministry encourag
batteries. 5) Finance ministry, Commerce ministry, Corporate Affairs ministry: Encourage foreign direct investment applications
ministries: ease of doing business 7) SEBI/RBI/Financial regulators encourage investment in such projects. But as evident from
There is a disconnect among the ministries & regulators at union & State level. energy is a concurrent subject and there is no o
body solely responsible for this domain.
National Green Tribunal Act 2020: After NGT has given environment-clearance to a project, an affected Party can challenge it w
there is sufficient cause NGT may allow a grace period of another 60 days to file a challenge. 2020-Many of the applications we
that the applicant did not file the complaint within the 30-90 days time limit. Applicants argue 1) We are villagers/ farmers. we
newspaper/portals to know which project is given environment clearance in our area! 2) Sometimes we have to file RTI to get n
make our case-file, get experts/lawyers' opinion but also takes time. 3) Corona lockdown. | Industrialists defend 1) After we ge
For mining/highway/airport then after 90 days again NGT hears appeals/grievances- Project delays, bank loans repayment prob
how will you balance this Need for fast tracking the development/Ease of doing business versus Citizens right to appeal? As cha
do
JP University teachers' program to commemorate the birth anniversary of Dr Rajendra Prasad, India's first President. were susp
to Hindi songs for “gross misconduct and dereliction of duties”. Teachers' defence: we were dancing with children after the offic
after the national anthem was over. As VC/ Principal what will you do?
POCSO Act: District child welfare committee (CWC)- a Quasi judicial agency be formed. Local police need to notify sex abuse ca
that the child is without a home or paternal support then victim has to be produced before CWC who will look after the child's C
development, rehabilitation. Jharkhand minor girl gangraped but Police officers did not inform CWC. Reasons may be: 1) Police
aspects or doing the duties in very casual manner 2) Lack of empathy / corruption in crime involving poor girls vs powerful men
dressing -Trying to downplay the level of crime in the district for their on career progression.
Ministry /department : highest: Secretary → additional secretary → joint secretary. 2017: Niti Aayog recommended lateral entry
years contract (From experienced professionals in private sector). Benefit? Fresh talent new ideas,Specialised knowledge Challe
upto 3 people then no reservation applicable. DoPT treats these entry jobs as individual departments' single-single posts & not
vacancies announced in 2021. So, no SC/ST/OBC reservation applicable. 2) Allegations of political favouritism
Successive Pakistani governments, ISI exploited extreme religious ideologies to garner votes, appease political religious groups,
phenomena is creating a tunnel vision that Pakistan citizenry is defined / centered around Idea of religion instead of the idea of
violence, intolerance and hatred towards other communities-And helping the militant movement.
UNESCO Global Education Report: "65% of the low-income Nations have cut their educational budget because of Corona slowd
Afghanistan Ethiopia Bangladesh Pakistan Nigeria Columbia Jordan etc. Less educated person → Job/income⏬ → Religious indo
terrorist propaganda becomes easier.
Amazonia 1: commercial remote sensing satellite for the Brazilian space research satellite, launched by ISRO's PSLV-C51. This P
contains other 18 satellites from USA and various universities of India. Bengaluru startup Pixxel India also planned an ANAND s
imaginary for climate change agriculture urban planning but because software issues -could not add in this launch.
Johnson & Johnson single-shot vaccine cleared by USA. It can be stored for three months at 2-8C, unlike Pfizer. Because Johns
based on double stranded DNA walla adenovirus that is more rugged than single stranded RNA used in Pfizer/Moderns. But JJ's
Pfizer/Moderna- 95%
DATE (YY-MM-DD) Subject Subtopic (if any)

2021-February-28 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽

2021-February-28 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-February-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-28 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-February-28 Governance🧔 Judiciary

2021-February-28 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-February-28 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-February-28 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-28 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-February-28 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-28 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-28 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-27 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅


2021-February-27 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-February-27 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy
2021-February-27 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼
2021-February-27 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-February-27 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-February-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-February-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-February-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-February-27 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-February-27 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India
2021-February-27 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-February-27 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-February-27 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-February-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-February-27 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-February-27 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-February-26 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-February-26 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-February-26 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-February-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-February-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-February-26 Polity⚖️ 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪
2021-February-26 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-26 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-26 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-26 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-26 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-26 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-26 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-February-25 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-February-25 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-February-25 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-February-25 Environment🌿 Places-in-News

2021-February-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-February-25 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-February-25 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-February-25 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News


2021-February-25 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-February-25 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-25 Science🧪 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion


2021-February-24 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-February-24 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-24 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-February-24 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2021-February-24 Polity⚖️ Defence


2021-February-24 Polity⚖️ Awards🏆

2021-February-24 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-24 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-February-24 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-23 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-February-23 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-February-23 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2021-February-23 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-23 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-February-23 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India
2021-February-23 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-February-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-February-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬
2021-February-23 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-23 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-February-23 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕
2021-February-22 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-February-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-22 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2021-February-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-February-22 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-22 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-22 Science🧪 Pollution🛺

2021-February-22 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


2021-February-22 Science🧪 Bio-Diversity

2021-February-21 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷


2021-February-21 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-February-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-February-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-February-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-21 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-February-21 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-February-21 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-February-21 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-20 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-February-20 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-20 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-February-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-February-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-February-20 IR/Defense🔫 Social Media📣

2021-February-20 History/Culture🗿 Intolerance


2021-February-20 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-February-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-20 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-February-20 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍


2021-February-20 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪
2021-February-20 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-February-19 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-February-19 Science🧪 6-Health
2021-February-19 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-19 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-February-19 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-February-19 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-February-19 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-February-19 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-February-19 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2021-February-19 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-February-19 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-February-19 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-February-19 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-February-19 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-18 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-February-18 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-February-18 Economy💳 6-Health


2021-February-18 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-February-18 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-February-18 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-February-18 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News


2021-February-18 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-February-18 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-February-18 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-February-18 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-February-18 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-February-18 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-18 Polity⚖️ Defence

2021-February-17 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍


2021-February-17 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-February-17 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion


2021-February-17 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-February-17 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-February-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-17 History/Culture🗿 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-February-17 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-February-17 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-February-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Executive

2021-February-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-February-17 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-17 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-17 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-17 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-February-16 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-February-16 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-February-16 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2021-February-16 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-February-16 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-February-16 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-February-16 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-February-16 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-February-16 Governance🧔 5-Infra-Communication

2021-February-16 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-16 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-February-16 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-February-16 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2021-February-16 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-February-16 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-February-16 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-February-16 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-February-16 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-February-16 Governance🧔 5-Infra-Communication


2021-February-16 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-15 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-February-15 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-15 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-February-15 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-February-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-February-15 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-February-15 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-February-15 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-February-15 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-February-15 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-February-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Social Media📣

2021-February-15 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-15 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-February-15 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-February-15 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾
2021-February-15 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-February-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-February-15 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-February-15 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-February-15 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-February-15 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-February-15 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-February-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Social Media📣

2021-February-15 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-14 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-February-14 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍


2021-February-14 Geo🗺 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-February-14 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2021-February-14 IR/Defense🔫 Books-Authors

2021-February-14 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-February-14 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-14 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-14 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-February-14 Polity⚖️ Defence
2021-February-13 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-February-13 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-13 Environment🌿 Disaster


2021-February-13 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-February-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-February-12 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-February-12 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-February-12 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-February-12 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-February-12 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-February-12 Governance🧔 Social Media📣


2021-February-12 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-February-11 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2021-February-11 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Loans🔪

2021-February-11 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-February-11 Environment🌿 Disaster

2021-February-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-February-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-February-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-February-11 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-February-11 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-February-11 IR/Defense🔫 Death
2021-February-11 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-February-11 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2021-February-11 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-11 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-February-11 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬
2021-February-11 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-February-10 Economy💳 6-Health


2021-February-10 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News
2021-February-10 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-February-10 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-10 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-10 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-February-10 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-February-10 Polity⚖️ Places-in-News

2021-February-10 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2021-February-10 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-February-09 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion


2021-February-09 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳
2021-February-09 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-February-09 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-09 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-February-09 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-February-09 Environment🌿 Disaster

2021-February-09 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-February-09 Governance🧔 Defence

2021-February-09 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-February-09 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-February-09 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-February-09 Polity⚖️ PRI


2021-February-09 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-February-09 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-February-08 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-February-08 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-08 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-08 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-February-08 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-08 Environment🌿 Disaster


2021-February-08 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-February-08 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora

2021-February-08 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-February-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-February-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-February-07 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝
2021-February-07 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-February-07 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2021-February-07 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-February-07 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-07 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-February-07 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-February-07 Polity⚖️ 5-Infra-Communication


2021-February-07 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-February-06 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-06 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2021-February-06 Polity⚖️ Defence

2021-February-06 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-February-06 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-February-06 IR/Defense🔫 Social Media📣
2021-February-06 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2021-February-06 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-February-06 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-February-06 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-February-06 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-February-06 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-February-06 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy

2021-February-06 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Policy


2021-February-05 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-05 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳


2021-February-05 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-February-05 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-February-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-February-05 Governance🧔 Social Media📣

2021-February-05 History/Culture🗿 Death

2021-February-05 History/Culture🗿 Medieval

2021-February-05 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-February-05 Polity⚖️ Executive


2021-February-05 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕
2021-February-04 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-February-04 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion
2021-February-04 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-February-04 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-April-01 Economy💳 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-April-01 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-Inclusion

2021-April-01 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-April-01 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2021-April-01 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-April-01 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-April-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-April-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-April-01 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-April-01 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-April-01 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-April-01 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-April-01 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-April-01 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-15 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-15 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-March-15 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-March-15 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-March-15 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-March-15 Environment🌿 Places-in-News

2021-March-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-15 Governance🧔 Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilateral


2021-March-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-March-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-March-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-March-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-March-15 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-15 Polity⚖️ PRI

2021-March-15 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-March-15 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-March-15 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-March-14 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-March-14 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-March-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-March-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-March-14 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Election
2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Federalism


2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-March-14 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-March-14 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-February-04 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼


2021-February-04 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-February-04 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-February-04 IR/Defense🔫 Defence
2021-February-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-February-04 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-04 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-04 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-February-04 Polity⚖️ Defence


2021-February-03 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼
2021-February-03 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-03 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-03 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-03 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-03 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-03 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-February-03 Governance🧔 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-February-03 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-February-03 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-February-03 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilateral
2021-February-03 IR/Defense🔫 Defence
2021-February-03 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-February-02 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-February-01 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-February-01 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-February-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-February-01 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-February-01 Polity⚖️ 2-Budget-Taxation💼


News Item (Page Numbers correspond to Ahmedabad Edition)
Food Subsidy: National food security act 2013 provides subsidised grains to 75% of rural population and 50% of urban populati
Aayog suggests ⏬ coverage to 60%(rural) & 40% (urban) to ⏬subsidy burden by ₹47kcr/yr. Previously economic survey, Shan
have also recommended similar.
American Lok Sabha (House of Representatives) passed a $1.9 trillion Covid Pandemic relief bill 1) $1400 tax rebate to income
are income tax payers, India hardly 4-5%. Even if Indian govt gave income tax relief in the latest budget it may not prove as ef
USA's income tax relief- Because that will cover a larger number of the population. Ideally 23% of Indian voters shd be Income
development] 2) $400 per week unemployment allowance 3) Airline & other selected companies to get $15 billion Provided the
send them on furlough ('forced temporary leave due to slowdown in biz) 4) Funding to schools, local bodies and native-America
mostly focused on Subsidized loans, subsidized food, Capital expenditure for Infra development. Very little attention on minimu
Because our level of development demographic composition and electoral politics are different.
Compassion for animals: 1) Illegal cock/ rooster fights in Telangana with betting of lakhs of rupees on which bird will win. Owne
legs of the rooster. This is partly driven by craving for sadistic entertainment & partly for poverty, desperation and quick income
after the bird attacked. 2) bull taming sport 3) Fake astrologers dupe a Vadodara bachelor man promising to find him a wife wh
sacrificing of two buffaloes. Cravings for companionship, heirs, money, power & fame / superstition too becomes a reason for c
poached for their bones, muscles for "miraculous drugs", pelts/hides, sold as exotic pets eg Caracal 5) Man animal conflict-Elep
electric fences. 6) American Singer Lady Gaga's dogs abducted, 'kidnappers' even shot the employee.
Youth & Moral degradation: Social media fuels the sense of frustration- young male/female feels that everybody is doing better
him/her, doing job/vacation in places better than him/her. This constructs an illusionary ladder of “success and happiness”. If y
is dismissed as a waste of time & non-productive pathway to life i.e. Best college, best salary job, fancy lifestyle. It encourage t
at any cost. Otherwise young people have inborn sense of justice, fairness & forthrightness so they can become natural agents
as they are mental slaves to social media.
The Ganga has two major tributaries — Alaknanda and Bhagirathi. These two rivers originate from different glaciers. Bhagirathi
while Alaknanda comes from the Satopanth glacier. Need to do conduct Scientific studies to prevent GLOF (Glacial Lake Outburs
among the biggest sources of freshwater, and millions of people depend on Ganga.
E-Judiciary: 1) Gujarat High Court will provide updates to subscribers pertaining to daily notices, circulars, streaming links , com
notifications and other updates, on Telegram channel from March 1. These information are otherwise only available on the Guja
streaming live proceedings on Youtube.
Govt planning All India Judicial Service or Indian Judicial Service through competitive exam similar to IAS/IPS, with reservation
appointed as additional district judges → District judges → High Court Judges. There may be some grouping / cadre system : Ea
Northern India, Southern India, Western India.
If people have the right to file Public Interest Litigation (PIL) then they also have duty to respect the judgement received. Latel
opinionated mind that they must get judgement of a particular type only and if it is not given then they start trolling not only ag
the judge on social media.
INTERMEDIARY GUIDELINES AND DIGITAL MEDIA ETHICS CODE OF 2021-Also known as soft touch Regulation guidelines - Th
into types: 1) Normal / non-significant - upto 50 lakh users. 2) significant social media intermediaries: over 50 lakh users- They
person to coordinate with law enforcement agencies etc.
Right to privacy / Facial recognition Technology: American court orders Facebook to pay $345 to every FB user in Illinois state w
harvested by FB without consent. Total $650 mn to be paid. How facial recognition Technology may be misused? 1a) sending d
for racial profiling / arrest in peaceful protests 1b) Vigilantism / Lynch mob: USA cases where white supremacists tracking socia
through Facial recognition tools, & beating / harassing them. 2) Hacker may be able to know when the person is not at home b
instagram updates to do robberies | Hackers using face recognition data to unlock the mobile phone → commit e-banking fraud
stalking/abducting women/children by finding movement patterns. 4) Big corporate spying on their employees whether they are
people or not & then removing from job merely on suspicion.
Vaccine Phase 2: Govt puts price ceiling. Private hospitals buy vaccines at ₹150 to National Health authority (NHA) per dose. gi
@₹250rs per dose x 2 doses req- ₹500.

Vaccine Phase 2: Comorbidities for 45-59 age group who are eligible: Heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, kidney liver, stem
cancer Sickle Cell, bone marrow failure, Thalassemia, HIV, PH-Intellectual disability, Multiple disability- deaf-blind, Acid attack v
Vaccine Logistics: 25% of the vaccines mfg'ed by serum Institute of India might get expired by April, because 1) Not enough pe
handling the centralized distribution- Private Distributors with private hospitals may have proven more effective?
Quarterly GDP growth rate (Oct to Dec 2020) -0.4% so we are out of technical recession. ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Beyond that which sector
important. GS-MCQs based on the Yearly-GDP growth not Quarterly-Growth. हर चीज में घुस जाना जरूरी नही है. पुराने प्रश्नपत्र देख के पढ़ाई करो
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Share market falls because of the rising bond yield & Iran-USA tension.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ RBI suggest reforms in the monetary policy committee [let them get approved]
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Vivad se Vishwas scheme for income tax disputes- payment dates extended
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Whether USA will restore India under generalised system of preferences (GSP): let them actually do it.
Caracal (बनबिलाव): a medium-sized Nocturnal wildcat found Rajasthan, Gujarat, Middle East Africa and Asia, added in the list of cr
Its fossils found in Indus valley. Abul Fazl’s Akbarnama- Royals used it as a hunting animal. While it is not hunted for meat / pe
It is found in wasteland, arid, Chambal region but Govt policies mainly focus on conservation of green forest areas while reclaim
agriculture, energy, rail road Project projects: rodent population⏬ → Caracal food sources⏬
Education: MBBS doctor in Ahmedabad paid ₹30 lakh to a middleman to get admission in Masters of surgery (MS) course in Lok
Mumbai, But after the middle man duped him, filed an FIR. Aspirations arising in youth (to become crorepati/big person immed
increase in hardwork (to clear PG entrance exams). Increase in corruption, financial scams, frauds, cheating, degradation in eth
looking for shortcuts.
Education: Coaching centres assure instant success, fancy schools manufacture the brigade of “toppers”. And with increasing co
student becomes a consumer,andateacher is just a “service provider”. A good student is not the one who writes technically perf
pleases the corporate employers. A good student should be courageous to say “no” to unethical conduct, corruption, bigotry, in
environmentally destructive development. Society decays if our classrooms are dead (Column Prof Avjit Pathak page12)
International relations mein ethics- compassion for children: Commodification of children: 317 schoolgirls kidnapped in Nigeria b
haram / terror organisations. Parents/govt will have to pay the money or girls will be sold as sex workers. Similarly boys kidnap
/suicide bombers. While Govts & Media Vocal about the issues on nationalism, Environment protection, Freedom of speech but
neglected.

International relations mein ethics: Human rights / murder / journalistic freedom overshadowed by Strategic concerns. 2018- U
murdered by the assassins / Agents of Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman for writing articles against the Prince. Declas
this, yet no action against the Prince yet because the USA needs Saudi support for energy security & countering Iran-Syria-Russ
Maryada Purushotam Sriram Airport: Civil Aviation ministry approves the proposal for development of this International Airport i
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Telephonic discussion between India's external affairs minister S Jaishankar with Chinese minister Wang Yi.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ American airstrikes in Syria
Joint ceasefire statement between India and Pakistan / Troop withdrawal by India and China in the Eastern Ladakh: peace on th
rooted in the strategic logic of a economic growth in corona pandemic.

1) Pakistan-Sri Lanka’s second largest trading partner in South Asia after India. Pak-SriLanka FTA: Textile cement tea rubber re
China Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC) towards Sri Lanka through sea route will further enhance this trade. 2) 1990s: India d
While Pakistan continued to provide arms, ammunition, fighter pilot training to to Sri Lanka to fight against LTTE. Sri Lanka see
UNHRC resolution on war crimes but Islamic nations are outraged because the Sri Lankan govt ordered cremation instead of bu

Indian economist Ligia Noronha appointed as Assistant Secretary-General and Head of the New York Office of the United Nation
India off spinner Ravichandran Ashwin became the second fastest bowler to 400 Test wickets in 77th Match, India-England. 1st
Muralitharan (72 matches)
Populism before model code of conduct comes into force: 1) West Bengal State Govt hikes the minimum wages for labourers 2)
₹1 lakh rupees to landless families in National Park 3) Kerala announces free Corona testing for expatriates 4) Tamil Nadu anno
quota for Vanniyar community.
World Bank defines extreme poverty as those living on less than $1.90 per day. China defines @$1.69 per day. Chinese Preside
victory in eradicating rural poverty. Critics argue that poverty definition set low to window dress the numbers.
Vajrayana -Tantrik form of Buddhism. 900 your old Buddhist monastery found in in Hazaribagh district, JH by ASI. Deity Tara's
dispensing of boons] and Buddha in Bhumisparsa Mudra [gesture of hand showing five fingers of right hand towards the earth
enlightenment]. Also found Shaivite Deity Maheswari's sculpture- hinting cultural assimilation in this area.
Pakistan Violated the line of control over 4000 times in 2020. Finally 2021- Ceasefire India Pakistan issued a joint statement to
This is a first joint statement in 8 years
Death: Vishnu Narayanan Namboothiri Padmashree poet Kerala /Malayalam
Neera Tanden: first Indian-American lady to become Budget director for the President
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ PNB scam: Nirav Modi Extradition from Britain
Information Technology Act, 2000 → Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules 20
Oversight" rules for 1) social media 2) digital news 3) OTTs. 😰Controversy? Govt oversight,Freedom of speech,Civil rights. 🤩D
Tech Companies Act within the legal and democratic framework of a country. If there is misuse of provisions, Then Supreme Co
citizens, as it has done in the previous cases like Shreya Singhal.
Social media Soft touch oversight: 1) Women safety and dignity: remove nude/morphed images of a person within 24 hrs of co
representative. 2) Remove content prohibited under any law, porn, gambling, likely to incite riot/public order, Likely to harm the
countries, etc. 3] Appoint grievance officer, resolve complaints in 15 days. 4] File monthly compliance report on complaints rece
co itself removing/blocking/delete a user account/post- They will have to a) give explicit reasons to user b) opportunity to the u
These companies will be subdivided into two parts [A) (normal / small sized) social media intermediaries [B) (big) significant so
Have to follow more strict rules e.g 24/7 Nodal Officer to to coordinate with law enforcement agencies.
Social Media Soft touch: safe Harbour: As long as the social media site / intermediaries comply with Govts soft touch oversight
immunity/Safe Harbour from prosecution for the user-generated content. else they will not enjoy immunity & may be punished
content e.g.riot/porn etc- under Section 79 information technology act.
Digital news Soft touch oversight: 1) Follow Press Council of India, Cable TV Networks (Regulation) Act norms. 2) Self-regulator
Code of Ethics 3) I&B Ministry to form a panel, oversight mechanism.
over-the-top (OTT) platforms like Netflix, YouTube, etc Soft touch oversight: 1) they'll have to self-classify their content into fiv
U(universal), U/A 7+ (years), U/A 13+, U/A 16+, and A. at the beginning of every programme so the user can decide whether
for content classified 13+ age or above.
Allahabad Court rejects anticipatory bail application of Amazon content chief for the controversial web series Tandav. Merely de
submission of apology would not absolve the accused persons of the offence committed by them. Fundamental duty of every ci
harmony and spread common brotherhood amongst all the people of India,”

Homosexuality: SC only decriminalised IPC Section 377. Govt's stand: 1) SC judgement has not legitimised the human conduct
Same sex marriage is not a fundamental right to life / right to privacy under article 21 3) Same sex marriage is against the Indi
Policy uncertainty in India: Earlier External affairs ministry ordered that universities will have to seek prior permission before ho
to Kashmir, NE, internal security but after objections from scientists and academicians the govt scrapped this order. Past econo
economic policy uncertainty harms ease of doing biz. If a similar situation prevails in education sector then difficult to attract fo
India as envisioned under the National Education Policy 2020
FinMin lifts embargo- allows all private sector banks to participate in govt- biz like tax collection, pension payments, small saving
Better technological innovations. 2) Convenience to customers.
special purpose acquisition company( SPAC) - It does not do production of goods and services by itself so its a 'shell company' /
only to acquire share/equity capital through initial public offering (IPO) & use it to buy / acquire another company. If the acquis
the IPO, the SPAC is delisted and the money is returned to the investors. SPAC also known as Blank cheque company. In news
Power getting acquired through this process by RMG Acquisition Corp. II (RMG II), a Nasdaq-listed special purpose acquisition c
involving an Indian company.
Sitanadi Udanti Tiger Reserve Chhattisgarh. Villagers vs Govt dispute over forest resources under the Forest rights act 2006. Sta
tiger reserve so grazing rights cannot be given To the villagers
Transparency International organisations corruption perception index: limitations 1) survey of only businessmen but not poor pe
representative. 2) Businessmen sending Diwali gifts to bureaucrats & ministers is a common "Social norm" in India, even thoug
given. But foreign Businessmen may consider it corruption. 3) The report highlights major bribe taking countries, but does not h
"companies"- it takes two to tango. 4) It does not distinguish between a wider catalogue of corrupt acts, such as nepotism, exto
payments, collusive networks, administrative and political cor ruption, or state capture by major private interests. 5] it measure
FIR/reports. 6) Therefore one should also look at other indices Global Corruption barometer (Also done by sim transparency Int
Freedom Index (by Paris based Reporters Without Borders (RSF), Rule of Law Index ( by World Justice Project org) etc
MOUNT ETNA, Italy: Volcanic eruption.
United Nations Human rights council (UNHRC) required Sri Lanka to investigate the war crimes during military action 2009 again
(LTTE). Earlier India's UPA-2012 govt voted in favour of such resolutions due to DMK-coalition-politics. Now again UNHRC resol
against SriLankan generals / leaders accused of war crimes - It remains to be seen what India will do, considering 1) upcoming
governments betrayal by cancelling the port deal And its general proclivities of sitting in the lap of China.
World's Largest Cricket Stadium- Motera, A'bad, Guj: renamed from Sardar Patel Stadium to Narendra Modi stadium. Area conv
Enclave housing this NaMo Cricket stadium, tennis court, hockey stadium etc. Controversy? No intl. cricket stadiums in India are
named after politicians
Justice G. Rohini's OBC subcategorization report: Prelims specific points already covered EXCEL file past entries in Mrunal.org/cu
about the report How the the categorisation will be unscientific without conducting a caste census- NOT IMP YET because Repo
again they will repeat in 'explained series', while Mains exam is in Sept. Criticism analysis point not important for prelims to be h
India Corona Vaccination Phase-2: from March-2021. All citizens above 60 age and those over 45 age with comorbidities. Gover
hospital prices to be decided by govt
Rajasthan right to health bill: Free health insurance of ₹5l, for Contract workers, small- marginal farmers. others (Middle class)
in universalization of health protection coverage
Inflation is taxation without legislation. - Milton Friedman
Empathy: Baghpat- Uttar Pradesh: Chaat vendors fight with rods for business rivalry over customers. Social media erupted with
a "cool / funny / normal thing" to do. But women of the two families suffered: "Street-food sales down in corona. Our families w
catalysing the biz rivalry / competition in unlockdown, Otherwise we were peaceful. Now male members arrested, with attempt
the shop. We will have to pay a very large amount for bail/lawyers. Irreparable damage to both the family." Juveniles / Males c
under Passion / PubG / Mirzapur webseries- disregarding the consequences on their mothers, wives, daughters & sisters. 2) Plig
by viral meme driven society finding amusement at the expense of others' agony.
China's belt and Road initiative → China Pakistan economic corridor to connect with Gwadar port in Balochistan, Pak. India oppo
Pakistan occupied Kashmir. Pakistan wants to increase the ties with Sri Lanka through CPEC. Sri Lankan Government cancelled
Parliament because they were afraid he would mention Kashmir, which will Further deteriorate the ties with India after the canc
Sri Lanka not yet 100% sitting in China lap.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel sports Enclave, Motera, A'bad, Gujarat- It will have 1) World's largest cricket stadium + Tennis Stadium
football stadium indoor sports halls etc. To be inaugurated by President Kovind.
Section 124A IPC: Sedition: Greta thunberg toolkit Activist Disha Ravi given bail. Court observed: Sedition cannot be invoked fo
policies or to heal the wounded vanity /ego of govt. Social media toolkit does not have call for violence. Merely engaging with p
crime (e.g. Attending a zoom call with Pro-Khalistani activists)- Purpose of the engagement needs to be proven. Throwing Impu
about Human Rights violation is not sedition, Unless the person is calling for violence. Accused deleting her social media accoun
Person may do it to stay away from unnecessary controversies.
RTI activist ANJALI BHARDWAJ (Delhi): US State Department’s International Anti Corruption Champions Award winner.

Nepal: Prime Minister KP Oli had dissolved the house Blaming his opponent within the party not allowing him to function proper
the house coz Nepal Constitution mandates executive can't dissolve the house mid-term without exhausting all the options to fo
NASA Mars Perseverance Rover has two instruments 1) SHERLOC (Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman & Luminescen
2) WATSON (Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and eNgineering). SHERLOC will search for chemicals to detect life
images of the samples. Detective Sherloc Holmes & Dr. Watson are characters from Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's detective novels.
USA 5 lakh died in Corona - More deaths than in WW1, WW2, Vietnam War combined. Even though the USA has less than 5%
for 20% of the deaths In Corona. Compared to the death rate of white Americans, the death rate of Black Americans, Hispanics
Inequality in access to Healthcare.
The“Roll-On-Roll-off (RORO) Truck Rail service: basically loaded trucks to be loaded on Cargo trains so they can reach their des
congestion. Proposal in Dedicated Freight Corridor.
Bond yield is the profit you make on Bond investment. If Mr.Bhide buys ₹100 principal bond with 10% interest - his yield - ( ₹11
if he sells it to Mr.Jetha at ₹90 then Jetha's yield - ₹(110-90) interest / ₹90 investment- 22%. Thus bond yield ⏫if you manage
original (face value) price. When bond yield ⏫ some investors may sell their shares of the low performing / overvalued compan
prices will start to ⏬fall so SENSEX will go ⏬
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Goa casinos cause traffic congestion in Panaji, so offshore casinos on river boats on Mandovi river. But if the river w
shake & gambler will not enjoy it, uski Explained Series.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ State budgets of Uttar Pradesh Odisha Bihar -unless preparing for StatePSC
Propriety & Conflict of Interest: Ex-Minister of state finance & present Chairperson of standing committee for finance Jayant Sin
To Tiger Media company and promising them get loans at cheap rate, for a consultancy fees of XX lakh + GST. Although he def
fully disclosed this. 📔📔ES20 had cautioned against crony capitalism and related party transactions (RPT) wherein ministers/wif
members/consultants for companies.
Prime Minister’s vision of ‘SAGAR' (Security and Growth for All in the Region). 1) Mauritius given $100 million Loan by India to b
naval base development in Maldives etc. 3) Vaccine diplomacy
Both USA and China rely on the semiconductors chip produced by Taiwan so even though China is capable to to crush Taiwan t
doing it, so as to ensure smooth flow of chips. USA will inevitably join the war to protect its supply of semiconductor chips. Indi
Taiwan is a part of China. But India needs to engage more with the Taiwanese chip-mfg companies for success of Assemble in
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Boeing 777 plane suffered engine failure. Worldwide concerns that all of its 777 series planes have problem.
Death/Suicide: Mohan Delkar, MP from Dadra & Nagar. Earlier with Congress & BJP later won election as independent candidate
number of persons, including a senior politician, for his act of taking his own life.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Hayley Arceneaux to be Youngest American in Space, on Elon Musk's Space-X rocket.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋RTI Act Amendment PIL controversy / commentary
Article 21: Activist Varavara Rao accused in Elgar Parishad Bhima Koregaon case In unlawful activities Prevention Act. Court gra
right to life includes the right to proper medical treatment for undertrials. But government jail Hospital is not equipped to treat h
Super Speciality Private hospital. Usually bailed-person needs to regularly appear to the nearest police station, but because of h
video call from hospital to nearest police station.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Explained series on Karnataka reservation quota issue.
Nothing significant tomorrow today but tomorrow Mrunal's Win21 Series Pillar#1 Banking updates Free live lecture at 9:00 p.m.
Officers like quality: It is not necessary to jump into every debate And opine on every question that is asked without knowing th
(Chairman 15th FC, Retd. IAS) about arrest of Greta Thurnberg ki Saheli: "I do not know the full facts of this case. it is difficult
and interpretations based on many versions of the story available in media. Therefore I am unable to comment on this."
Corporate Governance / Role of pressure groups: Big American companies have significantly cut down election donation/fundin
had supported Donald Trump's allegations about election fraud, and downplayed Capitol Hill Mob insurrection & voted to save h
used to give more than 1.50 lakh dollars per candidate now reduced to less than $15,000. If Indian companies also cut down th
hatred, it can help cleansing the politics.
Uthuru Thila Falhu (UTF): India will develop this Naval port in Maldives to improve maldivian defence capacity and facilitate reg
Assistance and Disaster Relief) efforts.

Australian Open Men's Singles: Novak Djokovic (Serbia) defeated Daniil Medvedev (Russia)- This was his ninth win in Australian

1962: France handed over Pondicherry, Karaikal, Mahe, and Yanam to the Indian Union. Amendment Art 239A: Puducherry bec
elected, 3 nominated by Central Govt. These nominated members are also eligible to vote in the no confidence motion and bud
AIIMS Director: Difficult to achieve Corona herd immunity in India. reasons 1) New type of strains and mutations coming 2) If y
number of antibodies may be produced - May not give permanent immunity, it will vanish after some time. 3) Herd immunity re
population with antibodies
Silver Antimony Telluride: Bengaluru scientist discovered this new material it can facilitate "thermoelectric" energy conversion e
charge the mobile phone. Using heat from the mobile phone to charge a small smart watch. Lead antimony telluride Has even m
the environment, so silver better.
S.S.Katherine Johnson: Supply ship for International Space Station (ISS), USA named it after NASA's Black woman mathematici
of 101. Hollywood movie 'hidden figures'.
Black footed ferret: Extinct species native to North America, Scientist made a genetic clone based on a dead ferret from 1988. N
Niti Aayog draft policy on migrant labourers: 1) Voting rights 2) Interstate body to manage migration corridors e.g. Uttar Prades
Access to health insurance, Education skilling, Psycho-social assistance through helpline. 4) Combating trafficking of women and
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Relationship between bond yield increase and fall in the share market
Empathy for the weaker section: Odisha Talakata village road Accidents happen very often on that road but Govt officials did no
tired of petitioning the authorities. Village women & school children themselves filled the potholes, thus embarrassing the distric

Effective propaganda appeals to the emotions of the people rather than their ability to reason. - Hitler. So even before completi
judgement- media trial will effectively convince people a certain narrative 1) When webseries, movies and books are criticised f
Anti-Dalit" ordinary citizens feel emotional outrage and → Freedom of speech and expression suffers. 2) SSR case & drug addict

Religion and faith-based practices are called the opiate of the masses. But, religion is not the villain. The villains are the pastors
who push this hatred from temples, synagogues, mosques and monasteries. They use religion as a divisive tool for power, mon
religiosity out of religion. If religion doesn’t make us shout and scream when another human is mistreated, then our religion is n
Science versus religion: 1) Some Islamic scholars apprehension that pig gelatin used as stabilizer in coronavirus in so it is Haram
vaccine is made from infected cows- If Hindu/Vegetarians take such injections it is a sacrilege, tantamount to eating beef." 3) 1
refused to take smallpox vaccine alleging that it was collected from the pus/scabs of lower caste children so they will get "impu
Death: Sayed Haider Raza (1922-2016) - Padma vibhushan Indian painter from Madhya Pradesh who lived in France. Birth cent
2021-Feb.
Australian Open Mixed Doubles: American Rajeev Ram and Czech Republic’s Barbora Krejcikova
Australian Open Singles Female: Naomi Osaka, Japan defeated USA's Jennifer Brady.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋MISA: Maintenance of Internal Security Act 1971: Was misused during the national emergency of 1975 -77:many Jo
Film actors were arrested. Basically parallels are drawn in column: 1) Indira Gandhi govt Asked Film stars to make movies & TV
got dissenters arrested in MISA. 2) latest Govt (allegedly) asking firm stars to defend farm laws & tweet against Greta Thunberg
put in jail under Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 So history is repeating itself
Indian American scientist Swati Mohan: Flight controller for Perseverance Mars rover of NASA. Perseverance Is the ninth spacec
rocks samples to find existence of microscopic life.
Corona vaccine Sputnik 5 by Russia/Moscow’s Gamaleya Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. In India, they've partnered
It has more efficacy Than India's Covishield & Covaxin.
Information technology act: Section 79: Social media (Twitter Facebook), Over the top OTT: (Netflix Amazon Prime) Are consid
immunity from legal prosecution for any objectionable content posted on their platform- Provided that they remove the objectio
working method is not transparent and impartial. And they feign ignorance/Excuse "We are merely providing a service actual co
govt thinking of making this section even more strict so that such companies Will have to proactively detect and prevent unlawf
of notice etc.
Death: Isaac Thomas Kottukapally- National award winner music director born in Kerala.
Death: Female football coach Fouzia Mampetta, Kerala.
Australia’s “News Media and Digital Platforms Mandatory Bargaining Code Bill 2020” to give bargaining power to to media house
distribution by Facebook Google etc. Australian Prime Minister also approached India France etc to make a global coalition again
February 21, 1952 East Pakistanis protested against imposition of Urdu & launched the Bengali language movement in Banglade
as "International mother language day" since 1999
Visva-Bharati University, West Bengal founded Tagore in 1921. Repeated in news because Prime Minister give speech in convoc
Nonfeasance - officer not doing work when required. Malfeasance- officer doing wrong/illegal action, mainly for Corruption / ve
officer exceeds the limits of his power regardless of whether the action is for good or ill. Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) is a st
are not considered Govt employees /Civil servants- like the Traditional Secretariat staff, Tehisildar etc. Gujarat State Election Co
election duty for local bodies election- Citing extraordinary shortage of staff due to Corona vaccination drive. LIC Employee Unio
no jurisdiction over us. Final verdict awaited.
Attitude towards women- When celebrity men do sexual harassment it doesn't recieve as much media outcry as street goons in
woman complaint about it before? she wants money / personal vendetta?". Sexual harassment is a problem of institutions, and
Because if institutions play a blind eye to the man in power they feel encouraged to do this. According to studies more than 60%
India, Bangladesh, China face sexual harassment. domestic workers, street vendors, sanitation and waste workers, construction
unionized strength, Their employer not required to setup anti-sexual harassment committee in office, if they complaint to police
the case could go on for years.
Role of education: French Education Minister announces that the government will review the research studies done by universit
religion, Colonialism etc because they are importing 'Islamo-Leftist' & 'American' ideals which are corrupting the French society.

Role of Leadership: During the hardship, leader must stay with his followers and associates. He must practice what he preaches
and workers in Satyagraha, walked with them to Dandi. He ate the same food in jail, that was given to others. Texas winter Sto
electricity, while their Senator (RajyaSabha MP) Ted Cruz took his family to Mexico, to avoid freezing winter. After public outcry
UN Study: India will overtake China as world's most populous country by 2027. China abandoned one child policy in 2016 but b
Because high cost of raising children. Northeastern China: Ageing population,Factories and workers shifting elsewhere.
Gig workers: Uber drivers are not treated as employees of the company they are treated as independent service contractors. so
to minimum wages, pension provident insurance etc not given by the company. UK Court ruled- They need to be treated as em
minimum wages.
RBI imposes withdrawal limit on Deccan urban Cooperative Bank & stops it from giving fresh loans.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋RBI digital payment security Master Circular
Zolgensma gene therapy is a one-time injection that replaces the defective gene with normal gene and rectifies Spinal muscular
cannot survive beyond A few years. Developed by Novartis company although it costs 15cr.
USA life expectancy drops by 1 year: 78.8yr (2019) to 77.8yr 2020 due to Corona. African Americans their life expectancy dropp
Second World War
New Zealand girl students to get free sanitary period products to combat period poverty.
2019: Sexual harassment charges against the then Chief Justice of India Ranjan Gogoi. SC formed justice A Patnaik enquiry com
plot against Gogoi, by some unhappy persons, because he was taking serious tough decisions in cases related to National regist
Section 60 of the Representation of People Act, 1951 (RPA)- allows voting through postal ballot, is currently limited to a few cat
forces, Government officials on election duty, foreign Embassy staff etc. SC Petition: Allow postal ballot for internal migrant labo
business professionals, NRI, overseas migrant labourers outside their constituency.
Raja Aau Desh Bachau: Continuous political instability/turmoil in Nepal → a group of people started demanding to bring back m
Monarchy vs democracy? 1) Thailand Lese Majeste law - Strict punishment for saying anything against the king 2) Saudi Crown
accused of killing dissenter Journalist Jamal khashoggi
E.Sreedharan- Popularly known as Metro Man,For developing Delhi Metro public transport, joining BJP Kerala
India US Australia Japan group- Until now Ministry of External Affairs officially called it "A meeting of four countries", but now fo
first time. Quad is group of political democracies, market economies and pluralistic societies with shared attributes. It wants “co
based international order, by respect for territorial boundaries” integrity and sovereignty, rule of law, transparency, freedom of
and peaceful resolution of disputes.
SAARC Nation + Seychelles online workshop: ‘Covid-19 Management: Experience, Good Practices and Way Forward. Modi propo
and nurses to travel within the region during health emergency
La Gomera is one of Spain's Canary Islands: its Silbo Gomero, whistling language is in UNESCO list of the Intangible Cultural He
Climate activism by Capital market: 1) Aviva, British insurance company announced it would sell away (divest) its stock and bon
corporate emitters of carbon, if those companies failed to take affirmative action over climate change 2) Sweden's Biggest bank
to any Oil gas projects 3) Blackrock Global investor fund announced it will start voting against the board of directors in compani
seriously. On the other hand Indian investors are not demanding any such accountability on climate change. So, SEBI putting B
Environment Reporting (BRSR) guidelines which mandates top 1,000 listed companies to declare their ₹₹ on Environment, clim
skilling, gender diversity, CSR etc.
Govt planning LIC disinvestment through initial public offer (IPO). 😰challenges? IN 2017s General Insurance Corporation (GIC)
IPOs sold ₹800-900 per share range but presently price⏬⏬₹170 (62% loss to Original investor)- So investors will have to be c
Board of director will see entry of private professionals But they will have a tough task improving the efficiency of LIC agent.
Dewan Housing Finance Corporation (DHFL) suffering from bankruptcy. RBI has cleared Piramal group to buy this entity
A nation trying to tax itself into prosperity is like a man standing in a bucket trying to lift himself up by its handle. — WINSTON
borrow money → Capital infrastructure investment → Multiplier effect. 📔📔ES21 Recommended this without worrying about sov
equivalence proposition. (Ref Mrunal's Win21CSP Series)
Production Linked Incentive Scheme (PLI: उत्पादन आधारित प्रोत्साहन) aims to ⏫ mfg of automobiles, pharma, mobiles, textile etc. secto
incentive/subsidy on incremental sales of goods manufactured in India, against their production in base year (2019-20) If MSME
year1& year2. After that ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ x sector added, y product added.

India Mauritius Free trade agreement: Comprehensive Economic Cooperation and Partnership Agreement (CECPA)- More than 3
textile electronics will get concessional customs duties in Mauritius while more than 600 Mauritius goods will get Similar treatme
USA per capita income more than $50,000 dollars while India per capita income less than $2000 so, American Pharmaceutical c
affordable for Indian people. -Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ SEBI relaxes Technical norms on minimum public offer to facilitate LIC IPO.
Grey hydrogen -Produced from fossil fuel. Blue hydrogen-Produced from fossil fuel with carbon capture and storage option. Gre
renewable energy. Hydrogen cell → Platinum catalyst → Oxidation reduction reaction → Chemical energy converted to electric e
footprint. Hydrogen electric cars are much faster to recharge than normal electric Lithium battery operated cars. India's hydroge
2021.
Climate Change → Winter storm in Texas USA → Excessive demand for electricity for room heaters that no electricity company h
failed. 24 died in freezing temperature.
Chittaura lake, Eastern UP, Bahraich District: Modi inaugurates Postal Stamp & Statute for Medieval king Maharaja Suheldev's b
nephew of Turk conqueror Mahmud Ghazni. Column on how BJP reviving Medieval Hindu kings like Raja Suheldev, Gokul Jaat,
against Muslim intruders.
Death: Dr. Jarnail Singh- Indian origin aviation medicine expert in Singapore. Played important role in 2003 SARS outbreak
Death: Captain Satish Sharma died in Goa. He was Petroleum minister in Narsimha Rao govt, Supreme Court had imposed fines
pump allocation.
World's biggest cricket stadium: Motera, Ahmedabad - seating capacity of 1.10 lakh people.
Home ministry proposes to sports ministry merge Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna and Arjuna Awards, into a single national award.
#Me-Too: Ex-Journalist & Ex-Union Minister MJ Akbar vs Journalist Priya Ramani- Sexual misconduct and harassment allegation
Criminal defamation. Verdict: “woman cannot be punished for raising voice against sex-abuse on the pretext of criminal compla
cannot be protected at the cost of the right of life and dignity of woman. Woman has the right to put her grievance on any plat
decades." 1997- SC's Vishaka guidelines for or sexual harassment of women at workplace → Act in 2013. + IPC amendment to
abuse case happened in 1993 so Priya didn't have mechanism to complaint / Social stigma, but 20 other Journalists also testifie
Preponderance of probability- legal principle- probability to lean towards one side being more than to lean to the other side. Jud
women to call their violators to account.
Celebrity activism and Twitter diplomacy: To grab attention of the ordinary young masses, Government and business organisati
world of celebrities — actors, sports heroes, prominent authors, media personalities, global public citizens, Nobel winners, etc. T
the political parties shower them with Rajya Sabha Nomination, funding to their NGO etc. United Nation routinely deploys goodw
trust in the image of the “celebrity-as-rescuer-of-victim” (Bollywood actor Sonu Sood helping migrants during Corona lockdown)
1) offers band-aid solutions 2) capsule knowledge- Like Climate activist Greta Thunberg on coal based thermal power plants & f
celebrities' large social media followers - govts & courts across the world are becoming more vulnerable to global public opinion
celebrities.
1) Anticipatory transit bail: sought by the accused, when police from another state is coming to arrest him. 2) Transit remand: o
arrested person to local court of the given state- Because long travel time involved in Going to other state's Court, while Art22 M
be produced before the nearest magistrate within 24 hours (Excluding journey time)

Production linked incentive (PLI) scheme: Govt gives X% subsidy based on Incremental sales of India mfg'ed Electronics, Pharm
MEITY ministry nod in this scheme to make Firestick in India. (It is a device to connect with non-smart televisions to watch OTT
Tata Group purchase 68% ownership of Bigbasket Grocery delivery app.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) is "likely" to cut the interest rate for financial year 2020-21 in March
hai??? let is finalize.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Bitcoin crosses $50,000 for first time. Financial Superlatives not important.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋RBI Norms For Credit Default Swaps. Knowledge over such Complex financial derivative instruments not important f
swap is a derivative instrument where one party will exchange its debt securities/loan papers with Another party depending on
Attitude towards Depressed Person / Drug Addict / Misogyny against female celebrities: A new documentary on the pop star Bri
she was hounded & trolled by Tabloids, Journalists, Stand up comedians & former boyfriends while her drug addiction, divorce
American law she's deemed as a person with mental incapacity & under legal conservatorship of her father- Who makes all the
this 38 year old woman. After the documentary, due to mounting social media anger, those journalists and former boyfriend ap
Raises new debate over sympathy. ostracization / lampooning / roasting does not help in recovery or rehabilitation of a troubled
drawn with Indian media treatment against Rhea Chakraborty & others.
Attitude towards women: Quran’s original Arabic text is free of misogyny and does not encourage any kind of violence. But its r
known as "Hadith"- sometimes introduced such elements. e.g. "One male witness-Two female witnesses". Saudi Arabia's Crown
Started the process of rewriting the textbooks and codifying the Islamic laws to break the State-Ulama Nexus that has been a c
Saudi women, Allowing them to drive vehicle etc.
Burning of women 1) As Sati 2) Not bringing dowry 3) America, Europe, Asia: accusing women to be 'Witches' . 4) Latest Burnin
for supporting farmer protest. The burning of women also represents masculine anxiety regarding women who are seen to be in
public debates. Educated and employed women expected to prioritise the home and “domestic duties''. Their Education and em
ensuring women’s autonomy but, rather, as adding to the household income and material prosperity.
Mavala, India's Biggest tunnel boring machine used for creating tunnels for India's first undersea tunnel Road -In Mumbai -To c
"Mavala" word associated with infantry Warriors in Shivaji Army. (Midival dictionary Terms)
(Non-IAS) 75 years of Shri Ram Chandra Mission (SRCM) is a non-profit organization in Shahjahanpur, UP, which teaches "Saha
Modi spoke about Make in India- "Spiritual tourism".
Pakistan $6 billion loan from the IMF’s Extended Fund Facility (EFF). But it is a conditional loan given in installments - Dependin
Implemented by Pakistan. IMF gave latest round of $500 million installment.
Union removed the Lieutenant Governor (L-G) of the Union Territory, Kiran Bedi, with whom the Puducherry government has h
Governor Tamilisai Soundararajan, given additional charge of Puducherry.
Justice (Retd) M Rama Jois, Former governor of Bihar and Jharkhand, ex-Rajyasabha member, Chief Justice of Punjab and Hary
judgements during 1975 emergency.
Rajya Sabha election reform: 1) Politicians who are not truely related to a particular state gain backdoor entry e.g ManMohan vi
businessmen get back entry. Guj-Maruti Courier Service owner- Not contested any election in last 30 years but he is among the
Rajya Sabha ticket from Gujarat 2021- After death of Ahmed Patel (Congress RSMP). 🤩Pro? Business community finds represen
highlight their grievances and legal priorities. 😰Anti? ⏫Influence of money in elections, Even a bizman person may not be the
Previously Vijay Mallya also was a RSMP.
Freedom of Expression: INSTITUTE of Chartered Accountants (ICAI) cautioned the members and students they should first take
institute and not directly put up objectionable complaints on social media against ICAI nor share other (unverified) complaints o
to the institute. Freedom of speech and expression but -on social media, this right should be exercised after verifying the facts.
Freedom of press: For every $100 of digital advertisement in Australia: $53 goes to Google, $28 goes to Facebook & $19 to the
uneven revenue distribution is harming the impartiality, viability & diversity of journalism. Australian govt new law to provide m
houses against tech giants.
Boca Chica: Place in Texas USA where Elon Musk Space-X is building a spaceship for sending man to Mars. 2021 Mars 1) UAE H
Tianwen-1 3) NASA: 4th gen mars rover Perseverance. The previous three were- Sojourner, Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity.

Globalisation: Tech Giants 3 issues 1) Labour rights: They have made the wealth partly by exploiting the workers. Uber Zomato
"contractual service providers" to deny them social security benefits 2) Tax- Tech Giants are tax avoiders. As evident from Digit
and India 3) Privacy/Politics/Sovereignty - Tech Giants' role in manipulating the election result through targeted ads and fake ne
🎓✋Explained Series: Why petrol / diesel prices ⏫. We have already learned that 500 times before.
World Trade Organisation (WTO) new Director general is NGOZI Okonjo-Iweala, replacing Brazil's Roberto Azevêdo. She is a for
woman and first African WTO chief.Previously worked in World Bank. Trump Had been blocking her Candidacy in the past.
RBI ex-Dy Governor NS Vishwanathan Panel for strengthening urban Cooperative Banks (UCBs).
4 PSBs Short listed for privatisation- Bank of Maharashtra, Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank, Central Bank of India. (Althoug
Ministry)
Wholesale price index ⏫ while Consumer price index ⏬ because 1) Food items have higher weightage in CPI - winter season- S
Commodities' supply is not matching the demand so WPI seems to be ⏫⏫
Communication minister to set up two bodies 1) Digital intelligence unit (DIU) against Unsolicited commercial communication -T
Telecom analytics for fraud management and consumer protection. Reason? ⏫ digital frauds involving Mobile calls and SMS.
Mandarin duck- Migratory species from Russia Korea Japan China- spotted in Maguri-Motapung beel, a wetland in Eastern Assam
wetland-black-breasted parrotbill and marsh babbler.
SANDESH App- National Informatics Centre under MEITY developed this whatsapp like App. Separately they have developed Go
(GIMS) for central and state govt organizations for intra and inter organization communication
Kerala: Confirmed cases over 10 lakh. 1 out of every 35 person infected with Corona- all India average 135. Second highest aft
that Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have less prevalence of Corona, despite having higher population density than Maharashtra.) Reas
containment in the initial phase so larger population remained uninfected so Herd immunity not developed. 2) Urbanization - Pu
Essential commodities supply- More chances of infection. 3) People being more reckless in mask, social distancing, party on 31s

Globalisation: Tech Giants 3 issues 1) Labour rights: They have made the wealth partly by exploiting the workers. Uber Zomato
"contractual service providers" to deny them social security benefits 2) Tax- Tech Giants are tax avoiders. As evident from Digit
and India 3) Privacy/Politics/Sovereignty - Tech Giants' role in manipulating the election result through targeted ads and fake ne
🎓✋Explained Series: Why petrol / diesel prices ⏫. We have already learned that 500 times before.
World Trade Organisation (WTO) new Director general is NGOZI Okonjo-Iweala, replacing Brazil's Roberto Azevêdo. She is a for
woman and first African WTO chief.Previously worked in World Bank. Trump Had been blocking her Candidacy in the past.
RBI ex-Dy Governor NS Vishwanathan Panel for strengthening urban Cooperative Banks (UCBs).
4 PSBs Short listed for privatisation- Bank of Maharashtra, Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank, Central Bank of India. (Althoug
Ministry)
Wholesale price index ⏫ while Consumer price index ⏬ because 1) Food items have higher weightage in CPI - winter season- S
Commodities' supply is not matching the demand so WPI seems to be ⏫⏫
Communication minister to set up two bodies 1) Digital intelligence unit (DIU) against Unsolicited commercial communication -T
Telecom analytics for fraud management and consumer protection. Reason? ⏫ digital frauds involving Mobile calls and SMS.
Mandarin duck- Migratory species from Russia Korea Japan China- spotted in Maguri-Motapung beel, a wetland in Eastern Assam
wetland-black-breasted parrotbill and marsh babbler.
SANDESH App- National Informatics Centre under MEITY developed this whatsapp like App. Separately they have developed Go
(GIMS) for central and state govt organizations for intra and inter organization communication
Kerala: Confirmed cases over 10 lakh. 1 out of every 35 person infected with Corona- all India average 135. Second highest aft
that Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have less prevalence of Corona, despite having higher population density than Maharashtra.) Reas
containment in the initial phase so larger population remained uninfected so Herd immunity not developed. 2) Urbanization - Pu
Essential commodities supply- More chances of infection. 3) People being more reckless in mask, social distancing, party on 31s
Economic cost of FCI- procuring,transporting, storing, distributing food grains. For every kg Wheat economic cost - “pooled cost
gets) + “procurement incidentals” of ₹3(gunnybags, market fee,arhtiya commission, labour); +“distribution cost” ₹7 (freight,ha
other administrative charges)- ₹30/kg wheat & 43/kg rice. National Food Security Act (NFSA) of 2013, 81.35 crore persons-67%
of grains from PDS stores. wheat@2/kg, Rice@3/kg. So, subsidy burden is 30-2-28/kg wheat subsidy & 43-3-₹40/kg rice subsid
Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana - extra 5 kg grain per month, free of cost, to NFSA beneficiaries (for eight months from April-Novemb
migrant labourers( for 2 months from May-June). Still FCI is overflowing with grain stocks. Last 2 economic surveys recommend
⏫Central Issue price (-Price @which Union sells to State) 3) Conditional DBT to poor & Let them buy from market.
15th FC: was mandated to submit Report#1 for 2020-21 (Finished, refer to Win20CSP Series https://mrunal.org/download#Win
26- Tabled in parliament in February-2021's budget session. States, along with Ladakh, J&K be given 42% share from Union tax
& Ladakh} to get 1%, so in reality other states getting 42-1-41%). Provide grants for revenue deficit, Local body, Disaster man
report#1. Public Account → Non-lapsable Modernization Fund for Defence and Internal Security (MFDIS) for 5 years worth ₹2.3
finance commission is to recommend money for the States and not for union- like Non lapsable defence fund- that much ⏬⏬₹
on performance tied money instead of equity - Fiscal federalism in danger.
China, Israel, India comparison: Percentage of workers in agriculture: 26%,1%,46%. Agriculture contribution to GDP: 8%,1%,1
agricultural output despite having smaller arable land than India because China reformed its agriculture market in 70-80s itself,
reforms has not been able to do so. Israeli agriculture focuses on High value crops for export -citrus fruits, dates, olives; Desali
water. Water accounting seriously done for every crop. Whereas India: Open ended MSP procurement - excessive rice Cultivatio
15/2/21 Midnight: All the lanes of national highways will be FASTag lanes. If vehicle doesn't have fastag - pay 2x toll amount.
Attitude towards women: Nepal proposed law requires that any woman below 40, if travelling abroad, needs to present a letter
of her family. Govt's defense: Nepali women thrown in international human trafficking, Sexual exploitation, Bonded labourers es
Modi inaugurates International Cruise Terminal at Cochin Port, Kerala: 5000 tourists at a time. Ro ro service between Wellington
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Abydos burial grounds, Egypt: World's oldest beer factory discovered.
G7 Group of Seven countries-USA, UK, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan. 2021's Summit @Cornwall, UK. While India Sout
of G7, but their leaders are invited to attend.
ArjunMark1A indigenously designed and manufactured Main Battle Tank - dedicated to India on 2nd Anniversary of Pulwama at
martyred.

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Explained series: Importance of Kailash Range in 1962's Sino-India offensive, key battles at Rezang La and Gurung
focused on Latest missiles, weapons, military exercises and documented 'relief ops'. If you want to pass the competitive exam t
Ek-tha-Tiger & Raw Agent-giri from your mind, & youtubers who're excessively teaching every minute details of every India-Chi
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Greta Thurnberg ki saheli Disha Ravi arrested for designing 'farmer protest toolkit' & upcoming 500 columns related
Comparing Constitution: Trump Impeachment- his Defence team presented a very weak case and yet the Senate acquitted Tru
required, but Trump's Republican party didnot support. Implications? He remains eligible to contest future elections.
Economic cost of FCI- procuring,transporting, storing, distributing food grains. For every kg Wheat economic cost - “pooled cost
gets) + “procurement incidentals” of ₹3(gunnybags, market fee,arhtiya commission, labour); +“distribution cost” ₹7 (freight,ha
other administrative charges)- ₹30/kg wheat & 43/kg rice. National Food Security Act (NFSA) of 2013, 81.35 crore persons-67%
of grains from PDS stores. wheat@2/kg, Rice@3/kg. So, subsidy burden is 30-2-28/kg wheat subsidy & 43-3-₹40/kg rice subsid
Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana - extra 5 kg grain per month, free of cost, to NFSA beneficiaries (for eight months from April-Novemb
migrant labourers( for 2 months from May-June). Still FCI is overflowing with grain stocks. Last 2 economic surveys recommend
⏫Central Issue price (-Price @which Union sells to State) 3) Conditional DBT to poor & Let them buy from market.
15th FC: was mandated to submit Report#1 for 2020-21 (Finished, refer to Win20CSP Series https://mrunal.org/download#Win
26- Tabled in parliament in February-2021's budget session. States, along with Ladakh, J&K be given 42% share from Union tax
& Ladakh} to get 1%, so in reality other states getting 42-1-41%). Provide grants for revenue deficit, Local body, Disaster man
report#1. Public Account → Non-lapsable Modernization Fund for Defence and Internal Security (MFDIS) for 5 years worth ₹2.3
finance commission is to recommend money for the States and not for union- like Non lapsable defence fund- that much ⏬⏬₹
on performance tied money instead of equity - Fiscal federalism in danger.
China, Israel, India comparison: Percentage of workers in agriculture: 26%,1%,46%. Agriculture contribution to GDP: 8%,1%,1
agricultural output despite having smaller arable land than India because China reformed its agriculture market in 70-80s itself,
reforms has not been able to do so. Israeli agriculture focuses on High value crops for export -citrus fruits, dates, olives; Desali
water. Water accounting seriously done for every crop. Whereas India: Open ended MSP procurement - excessive rice Cultivatio
15/2/21 Midnight: All the lanes of national highways will be FASTag lanes. If vehicle doesn't have fastag - pay 2x toll amount.
Attitude towards women: Nepal proposed law requires that any woman below 40, if travelling abroad, needs to present a letter
of her family. Govt's defense: Nepali women thrown in international human trafficking, Sexual exploitation, Bonded labourers es
Modi inaugurates International Cruise Terminal at Cochin Port, Kerala: 5000 tourists at a time. Ro ro service between Wellington
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Abydos burial grounds, Egypt: World's oldest beer factory discovered.
G7 Group of Seven countries-USA, UK, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan. 2021's Summit @Cornwall, UK. While India Sout
of G7, but their leaders are invited to attend.
ArjunMark1A indigenously designed and manufactured Main Battle Tank - dedicated to India on 2nd Anniversary of Pulwama at
martyred.

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Explained series: Importance of Kailash Range in 1962's Sino-India offensive, key battles at Rezang La and Gurung
focused on Latest missiles, weapons, military exercises and documented 'relief ops'. If you want to pass the competitive exam t
Ek-tha-Tiger & Raw Agent-giri from your mind, & youtubers who're excessively teaching every minute details of every India-Chi
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Greta Thurnberg ki saheli Disha Ravi arrested for designing 'farmer protest toolkit' & upcoming 500 columns related
Comparing Constitution: Trump Impeachment- his Defence team presented a very weak case and yet the Senate acquitted Tru
required, but Trump's Republican party didnot support. Implications? He remains eligible to contest future elections.
World Bank report on traffic crash injuries: India #1 in road accidents: annually 1.5 lakh people killed, 4.5 lakh disabled. Every
Total 3.14% GDP lost in road accidents. more deadlier than Corona.
Labour ministry aims to implement 4 labour codes from 1st April. Newspapers reports about 4 day work week with 3 paid holida
Everything becomes final in April. Until then, ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋
Tumakuru- Industrial city in Karnataka. Elon Musk Tesla electric vehicle factory to be set up here.
United Nations Secretary General António Guterres- 5 years terms (2017-22). UNDP Employee Akanksha Arora (Indian Origin) t
election for this post.
If Gujarati literature is ur optional subject: column on stories of Dhumketu on page15
Different religions have different laws related to divorce e.g. Hindu Marriage Act 1955, Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on
Court petition for uniform divorce laws for all the religions in India. But, All India Muslim personal law board is opposed. Their a
shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by Part III (Fundamental rights). 2] Personal laws (M
inheritance) -Direct relationship with religion. So they cannot be tested on the article 14 (Equality before law) 15 (Prohibition on
or 44 (Uniform Civil Code).
Tribunals Reforms (Rationalisation and Conditions of Service) Bill, 2021 to abolish certain appellate tribunals such as Airport App
against orders of Airports Authority of India), Advance Ruling Appellate Authorty (in Customs Act), Intellectual Property Appella
registrars/bodies for Copyright/Patent/Trademark/GI/Plant Varieties) etc. Reasons 1) Public at large is not litigant 2) Henceforth
Court etc
Private members bill: Manoj Kishorbhai Kotak (BJP) bill to Regulate Over the Top platforms (OTT) By setting up regulatory body
Amazon prime etc Web series hurting religious sentiments, unnecessary glorification of violence, drugs, adultery, foul language.
British politician Thomas Macaulay drafted Indian Penal Code → implemented in 1860. Originally it did not have provisions relat
Section124A. It was added later- Tilak & other Freedom fighters were jailed. Post-Independence many poets, students, authors
have been booked. 1962: SC Judgement- Freedom of speech allows criticism of government. Sedition applicable if only a perso
rebellion.
Jammu Kashmir will be given full statehood at an appropriate time- Home Minister.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Govt "likely" to guarantee the bonds / security papers issued by the Bad Bank /Asset reconstruction company. - Let
Tax buoyancy: If GDP grew by x%, then how much % Income tax collection will grow? 2019-20 & 2020-21: negative territory b
(positive figure)
Uttarakhand Flashflood: Development activities like roads dams barrages, tunnels have increased the vulnerability. Supreme co
to environment impact assessment) had recommended closure of 14 dams.
Earthquake near Murghab city in Tajikistan.
Congress leader Mallikarjun Kharge becomes new leader of opposition in Rajya Sabha replacing Ghulam Nabi Azad who retired.
Privatisation pro-arguments:Tamil philosopher Thiruvalluvar spoke about wealth creation to ethical means. But post independen
Not possible to flourish in business without political influence and bribery. Post-1991: Harshad Mehta Ketan Parekh share marke
default scams, 2g Scam, coal mines scam etc - Crony capitalism → Stigmatised capitalism -Wherein public believes person cann
political patronage. So, Indian capitalists vilified in public imagination. But, Job creation and Poverty removal can only happen a
running the airlines, hotels, banks, courier to telecom companies- Private sector much more efficient than the public sector (bar
malpractices/scams). Privatisation disinvestment necessary- same advocated by 📔📔ES20 & defended by PM in Lok Sabha Budg

Privatisation anti-arguments: No reservation in the private sector, perpetuates inequality, nepotism, caste patriarchy, gender-bia
crisis was the result of greedy capitalism. Corona highlighted the looter/ robber-baron mindset of Private hospitals, educational
Govt borrows ₹₹ via Government securities (G-Sec/Govt Gilt Bonds)- which pay principal+interest. Before: Retail investors inve
exchange through NDS-OM (Negotiated Dealing system-order matching). AFTER: RBI allows retail investors to open Gilt accoun
platform- directly purchase fresh G-Sec from India (-Primary market) & resell it to other investors (-secondary market). Profit? 1
earn interest 2) resell it to others- make ₹ Depending on the movement of bond yield. (What is bond yield Ans. Win20CSP serie

Parliamentry Standing committee on labour- "No better scheme than MGNREGA for sustainable livelihood of unskilled workers.
in 2006 to provide 100 days of guaranteed unskilled labour work to every adult rural person." Corona → migration to homestate
India Crypto currency and Regulation of Official Digital Currency Bill, 2021: bans private cryptocurrencies like Bitoin while legal
currency” by RBI. Whereas Tesla /Elon Musk, Twitter/ Jack dorsey are investing in Bitcoin. Visa and MasterCard also announced
stable cryptocurrencies.

India's own microblogging platform 'Koo' to counter Twitter. Recently Union Ministers, Bollywood celebrities, cricketers supporte
App Innovation Challenge 2020 (Along with 23 other apps in various categories for social media, games, news etc). Controversy
Chambal Dacoit museum @Bhind, Madhya Pradesh, by police dept
Azim Premji University study- Over 80% primary school children have lost at least one language ability & one mathematical abil
able to read familiar words, Writing sentence by looking at a picture, identifying 2 digit numbers, performing basic mathematica
SBI Home Loan Co-lending: basically two banks/Bank+NBFCs giving loans to a borrower.
NSE Co-location Controversy: Co-location - stock exchange allowing the share broker to install their office/computer systems ve
computer will receive Tick by Tick data feed system about share prices/sales quicker than a computer sitting 500kms away. Alg
computer algorithm itself doing buying and selling of shares based on smallest price changes. So, co-location gives them added
Stock Exchange for Not providing level playing ground to the Brokers.
2021's Uttarakhand flash flood was not glacial Lake outburst flood (GLOF) but massive rocks falling in stream, blocking flow & t
Flood.
Corona antigen testing kit cost ₹40/- Bihar Primary Health Centre (PHC) Given daily target of conducting 150-300 antigen tests.
numbers & fake names to show tests done on paper, and re-selling the kit to pvt clinics/original manufacturers. Soln: ⏫Vigilanc
inspection/calling beneficiaries, helpline numbers.
Disconnect /Communication gap between HQ and field officials: Guj District education office circular, "If school teacher refuses
then teacher will be held responsible." <Ignoring the possibility that students may get coronavirus by parents/relatives/friends/
Circular withdrawn "It was only a draft copy." When coercion used instead of cooperation & confidence building for vaccination→
good governance ⏬. Much of the teachers' time was wasted in Dharna-Pradarshan, RTI & litigations, lobbying against the circu
ordering teachers to do morning petrol against open defecation, blow whistle & torch.]
Mental slavery to Western ideals: New Zealand Parliament dress code for male MP: necktie is must. A Maori tribe leader Rawiri
it 'Colonial noose', Attempting to suppress the indigenous culture, Speaker removed him from the house. Global outrage. Tie ru
Indo China Troops to disengage / withdraw from the Pangong Tso region of Eastern Ladakh.
Rome Statute → 2002 International Criminal Court (ICC, Hague, Netherlands). China, India, Srilanka, Pakistan etc not signed it.
'ratified' in their parliament /cabinet. 2021: ICC to conduct trial against Israel for war crimes against Palestinians during Gaza W
India to speak against ICC. But India is so far silent. But, ICC's war trial could open precedence against India e.g. 'ill-informed' i
ICC alleging Indian Armed Forces committed 'war crimes' in Kashmir & Arunachal. #faaltu-ki-magajmaari
January 27: International Day of commemoration of the Holocaust.
Tenzing Norgay Award: highest award for adventure tourism in India.Controversy? Nominee was making fake claims about clim
Article 243-O: Bar to courts in the electoral matters related to delimitation of constituencies & election of local bodies. In Guj- P
SC/ST are rotated on a regular basis to ensure a seat doesn't remain 'reserved' for perpetuity. Some candidates file petition in H
Court cannot interfere as per article 243-O. Guj HC judgement- "Judicial review is part of the basic structure of the Constitution
related to Article-243-O as well, But court should not do ordinarily else, interfere in the election process"
Major ports authorities bill 2020 to replace 1963's Act to replace 'Port Trusts' with 'Port authority' for each major port -Professio
sought for first time in Corona time. Administrative challenge because due to social distancing the MP not sitting in their design
press the Electronic button button.
USA voting software company Smartmatic filed $2.7 billion defamation suit against Fox News for false claims about voter fraud
not willing to accept the election result → Capitol Hill Insurrection. Freedom of Press versus fake news vs Tech Giants.
Mars: Chinese probe Tianwen-1 Successfully enter the orbit (2021-Feb-week2)
Mars: USA Perseverance Rover to land on Mars Surface (2021-Feb-week3)
Poor people: PM Jan Arogya Yojana ₹5l Health insurance, Organised sector factories / units ke blue collar workers: Employee S
Health insurance. Yet many of lower middle class families working in small shops, restaurants, unorganized units etc.- Benefit fr
to expand the coverage.
Lalandar dam by India in Afghanistan for drinking water in Kabul.
Death: Bollywood actor Rajiv Kapoor , the youngest son of Raj Kapoor. He was producer of the movie Heena, India's official ent
Uniqueness of Indian Democracy / Pluralism: USA-Excessive divisiveness, bitterness & bickering versus- India: PM Modi (BJP) a
RSMP Ghulam Nabi Azad's (Congress). Ghulam Nabi Azad's farewell speech - In Afghanistan, Iran, other Islamic countries- even
Hindutva/Christian majority there, Yet there is sectarian Muslim violence. Whereas, Hindustani Muslims can progress in public li
4 Kashmir RSMPs term expired. Rajyasabha MPs Elected by State legislature. So, Jammu Kashmir and likely to have a represent
own State legislature is formed. UT with Legislature ke RSMP Quotas: Delhi (3), Puducherry (1), J&K (4)
Sweden and Finland pass their bills through two parliamentary committees 1) committee#1 looks at the technical aspects of a p
focuses on a bill's constitutional validity. In India, Government bills do not automatically go to committee for examination. Even
National judicial appointment Commission bill → Declared unconstitutional. 3 farm bills' Controversy etc.
Freedom of food choices, Freedom of Youtubing profession vs Hurting religious sentiments. SC Judgement "Kerala activist maki
repeatedly referring to the meat as "Gomatha meat" - Cow is revered as sacred animal among Hindus, So using such terms wan
riot under IPC Section 153. You may make cooking videos, but can not use such terms to offend others."
Kotia region between Andhra and Odisha. Andhra State Govt planning to conduct Panchayat election, Odisha went to SC "this is
Kerala govt: Recruitment of temporary office attendance, temporary driver etc. → Now giving them permanent jobs- Allegations
permanent govt jobs through this route, while youth who secured ranks in Competitive exams still waiting for appointment lette
permanent govt jobs must be done through regular recruitment process, and not through patronage."
UAE's Unmanned spacecraft 'Amal', Arabic for 'Hope', Enter the Mars orbit. This is Arab world's first interplanetary mission
Unit linked insurance plan/policy/product (ULIP): insurance policy premium: "x" part in life insurance & "y" part goes in share/b
die, you will on some profit from "y". 😰Challenges? Commission rates and Risk high. So, Proposed "Index Linked Insurance Pro
to SENSEX performance, SBI fixed deposit interest, 10 year Government Security interest etc.
Elon Musk promised Tesla e-cars can be purchased with Bitcoins in future.
Draft PROPOSED labour codes ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋
Fiscal profligacy: 'Induction ceremony of Rafael jets cost ₹41 lakh. Similar expenses while inducting Apache and Chinook helico
to showcase the defence upgrade of India- Symbolic and ceremonial activities ⏫Soldiers morale & public morale.
Ministry of Culture → National Monuments Authority (NMA) under Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites Act, 2010. usua
buildings can be constructed within "X" meters of monument or not? ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋

Madagascar chameleon species 'Brookesia nana': World's smallest reptile discovered. One theory behind species size- Small isla
Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) & Landslide Lake Outburst Floods (LLOFs) Disaster management: When glaciers melt → g
accumulated and become a natural glacial / moraine dam. → When it is destroyed → Flashfloods. How to prevent? 1) Identify s
aperture radar imagery, field observation, past Geology records. 2) Remove excess water from such lake/moraine dam through
breaching/ explosive. 3) Hazard mapping → Preventing construction of new buildings In the downstream. 4) 80% Search and re
carried out by local community before outside help can arrive. So training of the local people For disaster management work. 5)
water supply backup, Rubber boat, life jacket 6) Early warning and communication Smartphone, satellite phone, Ham radio etc,
fake news. 7) psychological counselling of victims, Rehabilitation programs.

Congo's Mwazulu Diyabanza started a pan-African movement called Yanka Nku (Unity, Dignity, Courage) - stealing African artef
bring them back to Africa. Diyabanza's defense- 1) We are taking back home our items, by committing "their" crime. 2) Injustic
this manner. Counter-arguments: 1) Gandhi- Purity of means necessary. Even though "end goal" is noble but theft is unethical.
whole world blind. Tomorrow, even Americans Could find justification ine looting Nigeria saying Nigerian Princes have looted us
MHA’s Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C)'s 'Cyber volunteer project': citizen volunteers can as report to the unlawfu
terrorism, radicalisation & anti-national activities. 😰Challenge ? 1) No clear definition of what constitutes Anti-National activities
can make frivolous complain to settle personal scores. 3) ⏫Culture of "Chugli-khori" (Snitching) akin to George orwell's dystopi
their parents for having "Anti-National thoughts".

Western power to turn demanding democracy and human rights in Asia- To serve their own domestic political & economic inter
generals with sanctions to and winning mining rights in the back channel.) Democracy and pluralism can never be foreigner’s gi
attempts in Nepal and Sri Lanka. India should not engage itself in political arguments with the USA over its domestic matters. E
other countries for commercial and security interest - automatically the USA will soften. While Hollywood celebrities speak in fav
ensure no movie offends China- for business interests. Some of the diaspora always unhappy with India- 1980-90s many Resolu
British Parliament against India for Khalistan and Kashmir. We shd to promote unity at home → will become less vulnerable to e
Ex-General & Present Minister of state for highways VK Singh said ‘If China has trespassed 10 times, we must have 50 times’. S
that India is the aggressor and we are the victims!
International Film Festival Rotterdam 2021- Considered to be world's most prestigious festival for experimental movies: Koozha
win the Tiger award.
Gujarat, Odisha, Rajasthan Panchayati Raj / ULB acts, "any candidate who has more than two living biological children, must be
Madhya Pradesh had similar law but scrapped in 2005- after objections were raised on the ground that such a rule was not app
parliamentary elections.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Supreme Court judgement on minimum marks for dental surgery courses
Scientists detected a molecule called phosphine in Venus' atmosphere. Phosphine emitted through waste product of microbes. L
equipment mistaken Sulphur dioxide as Phosphine. 2) Venus temperature over 800 degree fahrenheit not possible for any life f
NITI has ordered study of “economic impact”of judicial decision / activism by SC/HC/NGT etc. e.g. Firecracker / Single use Plast
of Environment conservation versus Business loss/GDP loss. Shutting down liquor shop on highway - ⏫road safety vs ⏬ State
Strategic disinvestment: FM statement, "We are not selling family silver. These companies are in ICU. We cannot continue to in
going. Disinvestment occurred in the past also but through piecemeal approach i.e. 1 govt company sold after lot of opposition
repeated with next company. We have brought clarity "Strategic vs non strategic sectors", To prevent endless debates in Parliam
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Steel Ministry wants to Privatise RashtriyaIspat Nigam Ltd (RINL) which has a steel plant in Visakhapatnam. So, And
because of local worker politics.
Budget-2021: voluntary vehicle scrapping policy, personal vehicles fitness test after 20 years, commercial vehicles after 15 year
get tax/subsidy on buying new vehicle. 1) ⏬Pollution, 2) Automobile sales.
Next UK budget likely to be the heaviest annual borrowing since the Second World War. so, UK planning one time "Excessive Pr
Excessive Profit during Corona.

2013: Cloudburst in Uttarakhand, 5700 died. 2021: Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) @Chamoli district Uttarakhand → sudde
Ganga river. Devastation @1) Nanda Devi National Park 2) bridge & tunnel near Joshipura. Glacier Lake sometimes forms inside
through satellite. Although Scientist yet to finalise the reason for this Disaster. Disaster reasons 1) climate change 2) Many dam
Vishnugad Hydropower project on the Dhauliganga- a tributary of Alaknanda 3) construction of hotels, highways, mining → dist
Dhekiajuli- Assam 'Martyr town' known for 1942 quit India movement, 12 year old Tileshwari Barua killed by police bullets.
Diaspora: Group of Indian Indian MPs US Congress - "Indian Caucus" - Tell Indian Ambassador to ensure democracy norms in f
Canadian PM 'issuing statements' on internal matters of India, for appeasing his local diaspora voters']

Biden "There is no longer a separation line between foreign policy vs domestic policy. all of our foreign initiatives must keep the
families in mind." - Similar to Trump's "America First" policy- will Biden be restricting the visa entry, creating protectionism- trad
CBDR, after the initial honeymoon is over? Although the main targets are Russia and China. India shd finalize trade, Investment
Death: National tennis coach Akhtar Ali died in W.bengal, he had mentored Vijay Amritraj, Leander Paes etc.
Death: George Shultz- USA diplomat who worked to end cold war died @100.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Forex reserve ⏫/⏬ , Vivad se Vishwas - how many case solved.
Towards Universal basic income (UBI): State Govt's "Assam Chah Bagicha Dhan Puraskar" scheme for tea plantation workers- ₹
UNNATI Portal/App by MEITY: for skills training, loans, job matching, e-counselling, jobs demands data, and financing, along w
experience and training records. UNNATI- 'United Platform for Skill Development and Employment Ecosystem'. Also planning to
portal database. ASEEM maps Local Industries demand versus workers skill in the given area- itl also displays changes in salary
and the cost of living. ASEEM - Aatmanirbhar Skilled Employee Employer Mapping, this full form asked in UPSC-CDS-2020-ii
IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva: if govts stop fiscal support until corona over → Dangerous waves of bankruptcies, u
decade, lost generation and great divergence. While 1st world spent 25% of GDP on Corona revival packages, 3rd world 6%, L.
Only one country Morocco started vaccination drive.
Attitude formation by Media: 2020-March- public/press/social media outrage & FIR against singer Kanika Kapoor Because had C
other lives at danger. 2020-Dec-31: People totally violating Mask & social distancing norms to celebrate new year party, yet littl
we have freedom of travel but it is not 'Ethical' to travel for leisure in Corona times. (Col p9)
Hague Netherlands:1) International Court of Justice (UN charter, World Court) for country vs country cases. e.g. Kulbhushan Ja
(ICC, Rome Statue, younger in age than ICJ). ICC for individuals in genocide, war crimes etc. ICC opened a case against Israel
Israel and USA unhappy. Israel not a member of ICC but Palestine is a member.
Freedom of religion: Kerala Sabarimala temple- entry of women of menstruating prohibited. 2018 SC judgement Permitted the e
in the court. Congress: "If voted to power, we will make a law to protect the age-old tradition of the temple. If anyone violates
(-police arrest without warrant / court permission)" Earlier, UPSC asked Q on "secularism - a challenge to cultural practices?" RE
v-wQw8yjntiOw
Freedom of speech: Indian Telegraph act 1885: Internet shutdown order issued by Home Secretary (IAS) of Union or State Gov
106 times for total ~4200 hours (-total loss $1.3 dollars billion), 2020: 83 times for ~9000 hrs ($2.5 billion).
Bombay Re-organisation Act, 1960: Gujarat split from Maharashtra → A'bad HC: 2021 - 60 years Diamond jubilee.
Indian authorities deny emergency use approval to Pfizer vaccine. India clinical trial rules 2019- Foreign companies can seek wa
approval in a country (e.g UK) recognised by India's CDSCO-Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO). Although C
(SEC) recommended Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) not to give permission to Pfizer because Serious adverse events s
paralysis of facial muscles. 2) Anaphylaxis- Allergic reaction to body
Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) project: world’s largest radio telescope. It is not a single telescope butan array of a
Australia. HQ: UK. can detect even very weak extra-terrestrial signals. India will provide funding and some hardware.
Passport Act, 1967: Indian government can deny passport if [*] Person not a citizen of India [*] If Indian citizen likely to harm
abroad / Not in Public Interest [*] Convicted of an offence [*] Pending warrants or summons.

Can give extra chance to UPSC civil service aspirants If Corona-2020 was their last attempt & NOT crossing age limit in 2021, U
Britain tennis player Francesca Jones- Competingin Australian Open. She has 8 fingers and 7 toes due to ectrodactyly ectoderm
affects the development of hands and feet.
4G mobile internet connectivity restored in Jammu Kashmir after 18 months.
General K S Thimayya (Army chief 1957-61)'s museum in Karnataka's Kodagu district.
Attitude toward women: Tokyo Olympic organising Committee - only 5 women out of 24 members. chief Yoshiro Mori's sexist co
sense of rivalry. If one raises her hand to speak, all the others feel the need to speak, too. Everyone ends up saying something
Sports Committees, we will not be able to finish meetings in time." His sexist comment Criticized in social media.
NHAI had submitted to Karnataka HC, "Environment protection Act was passed due to foreign pressure. NGO file flimsy complai
Although later sought to withdraw the comment. HC tells NHAI to donate ₹₹ to an environment NGO as punishment.
Tamilnadu Govt -Farmer loan waiver ✅Pro: Farmer faced problems by Covid-19, cyclones Nivar and Burevi, and unseasonal rai
loan waivers make the farmer undisciplined- they deliberately stop paying installments before elections with the hope of getting
help agriculture production.
BEFORE: Retail investors Indirectly invested in G-sec via Mutual funds, stock exchanges. AFTER: Retail Investors can directly Op
Direct" with RBI. 🤩[1) Deepening of the g-sec market [2) New investment opportunities
Repo rate / policy rate / RBI benchmark rate @4% (unchanged). 1) Food inflation normalizing, but fuel inflation is a concern. so
revive so cant⏫ [else Expensive loans- -⏬demand →⏬GDP growth]. Stance: accommodative - next meeting RBI may kept Rep
the reverse repo unchanged at 3.35 %, marginal standing facility (MSF) rate and the Bank Rate at 4.25%
CRR: CORONA →CRR 4% to 3% (2020-March till 2021-March). now moving towards economic recovery, enough loanable funds
in two phases: 3.5% (2021: March2May ) →4% (2021-May)
Before: RBI appointed 3 types of ombudsman for consumer complaints: (i) Banking Ombudsman Scheme (ii) NBFC Ombudsman
Ombudsman. After: Merge 3 into a One Nation One Ombudsman / Integrated Ombudsman Scheme FROM 2021-June
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ EPF interest on the principal >2.5l will be taxable income.
Blockchain: A secured decentralized database that maintains a continuously growing list of records / transactions. Mainly used f
network. But it can also store any type of data. MEITY draft- Framework to use blockchain technology in Record Keeping of pro
Distribution, health record, supply chain management etc. database architectures based on Ordinary public/pvt org can read/wr
Challenge? Skilled workforce, Hacking/manipulation by non-state actors.
India's agricultural Exports ⏫ (2020 Apr-Dec) because 1) Good monsoon bumper crops 2) dry weather by major producers suc
Thailand, Vietnam Russia - so their Wheat soybean production ⏬ → their agro relatively more expensive than Indian so foreign
agriculture prices ⏫ by lockdown so earned more $$
Airport PPP: "Profitable airport to be clubbed with a non-profitable airport"- Entire thing will be offered as one package - Otherw
invest in the non profitable airport.
Municipal hospital staff allegedly gave Corona vaccines out-of-turn to their friends and relatives who then uploaded selfies on so
Ahmedabad Municipal Commissioner (IAS), What will you do? Ans. Vaccine favoritism bad because [*] Frontline/ Elderly People
getting their quota [*] Disaffection among public regarding government facilities → ⏫Vaccine Black marketing, ⏫ chances of h
1) Investigate the list of beneficiaries vs vaccine stock Allotted to each Hospital 2) Seek explanation of the parties involved unde
penalties / Ask police to do more depending on the legal provision. 3) Stern warning to the hospital administrators/ CMOs to se
will be held accountable for protocol breach by their staff. 4) Order your staff to watch social media activities. 5) Order staff to
beneficiaries whether they got the vaccine or not as per records 6) Announce Complaint email ID against Vaccine favouritism &
will go and give vaccines myself (If u do doctor-walla work then when will you do the IAS/officer-walla work?)" 2) I will dismiss
workers in pandemic)
Social media manipulated to undermine democracy: anti-farm-law groups with Khalistani ties had prepared toolkit/document In
media #trending, digital strikes. Since original coordinators cannot control what exactly their supports will tweet along with has
Hindu-vs-Sikh type content uploaded causing disharmony among social, religious and cultural groups & encouraging disaffection
2) Asking people to request USA/UK/Foreing MP/MLA /International celebrities to protest 3) Staging dharna at Indian Embassies
Thunberg mistakenly uploaded this Document in Feb'2021 & then deleted it- retrospectively it proves how Jan-2021's farm-prot
level.
Death: Ancient medieval- Historian Prof DN Jha (Delhi Uni). His Research 1) Based on archaeological evidence there was no Hin
historian's reporte as 'opinion' 2) Beef / cow meat conjunction was very much part of the early Indian non veg diet. Sacred stat
Conjunction of wine also part of ancient Indian culture- so attacking women in bars is wrong.
Bargi - Horseman/Cavalry of Maratha Mughal who attacked Bengal (1741-51). Sarnmobat - Commander in chief. Silhedar- Cava
chief. Modern Bengali politics -Barghi - "outside/Non-bengali politicians"
Defense Export: “India is ready to supply various types of weapons missile systems,light combat aircraft, helicopters, warship, p
radars, military vehicles, electronic warfare systems etc to Indian Ocean countries
When non-death-penalty-walla prisoner of State law files a mercy petition to the governor for- He has two options 1) give mery
governor uses third option- "Forwarding to President, Because releasing Rajiv Gandhi assassins is extraordinary matter". Inordin
is also a violation of human rights.
Trackchild / Khoya Paya Portal of WCD Ministry: 43000 children missing in 2020.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Future Group CEO Kishore Biyani banned for insider trading
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Insurance FDI what was the stand of Congress and BJP in the past
Indian toy market -₹7,000 crore per year. India made toys 10-15%. Need to become atma nirbhar- Modi.
Tax devolution: 14th FC: 42% , 15% FC: 41%. But in reality cess & surcharge not shared with the states. so States getting only
healthy sign for Fiscal federalism.

World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Report 2021: Top5- Iceland Finland Norway Newzealand Sweden.... #140:India (2
Afghanistan. (Our other neighbours Bangladesh Nepal Pakistan Bhutan and Sri Lanka ranked ahead of India). Global gender gap
economic participation and opportunity (Labour force participation rate less than 25%, etc) 2) educational attainment (Literacy
less than 30%) 3) health and survival, and 4) political empowerment (India less than 15% parliament seats & Less than 10% m
Small saving schemes e.g. Public provident fund, Kisan Vikas Patra: you invest from Bank/Post Office → ₹₹ National Small Savin
government, Food Corporation of India etc. Finance ministry's department of economic affairs ⏬ interest rate by 0.4-1.1% Due
revenue income insufficient to pamper public with high level of savings interest rates.
RBI act requires the government to decide the inflation targeting after Consulting with the Governor every five years. Originally
2016 31/3/2021. Now same extended till 31/3/2026.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Deadlines extended for Aadhar PAN card linking (june30), foreign trade policy(Sept30), emergency credit line guara
mandate for online transactions(Sept30), Labour codes etc.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Government to recapitalize 4 PSBs through Zero coupon bonds (finished in Win21 Lecture Pillar 1B2)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Production linked incentive scheme in food processing (Ref Win21 Lecture Pillar 4B)
Attitude towards women: Punjab State Government announces free of cost travel for women in all government buses this will h
Benefit? 1) Punjab already child sex ratio poor. Daughters are seen as a burden, it will help in their educational and economic u
do not enforce minimum wages so often women employees may be earning less than ₹8000 per month in & Spending over ₹10
travel. 😰Availability of buses & safety & Cleanliness. Parking space safety/Rickshaw availability near Near bus stop
Attitude towards transgender: US President Biden allows transgender persons to join Army and also eligibility to get medical tre
weakening La Nina conditions - summers to get hotter in northwest India says IMD
India-Pak: 2019 Pakistan banned import from India. 2020- Pak ended the Import ban on Indian Medical products due to Corona
of Indian cotton and sugar mainly because 1) Indian sugar is cheaper than other countries 2) Pakistan's desperation to revive th
previous cells in Excel file e.g. IMF conditional loan, FATF Blacklist threat etc.
Jai Sofia- Cruise ship for conducting Sea tourism between Surat and Mumbai
(GSM2): Declining quality of debates in house: When a bill is to be passed in house, Its copy should be given to the members f
study properly for debate e.g. Rajya Sabha (2 days in advance), Guj Vidhan Sabha: at least 4 days in advance but in Gujarat on
taking it so the opposition MLA is unable to study/discuss it properly. 2021- Guj Speaker reprimands the government departmen
(GSM2) Election: Kerala opposition leader created a website operationtwins.com -Containing list of 4.34 lakh bogus voters. 1) L
and same photograph registered multiple times in multiple Constituency. Kerala High court orders the election commission to ca
allow them to leave the premises until their (Silver nitrate indelible ink) ink has dried. ASD Voters - Absent (A) - for those who d
part of the year, Shifted (S) - for those who have shifted out of the address on the electoral list, and Dead (D). If they arrive at
careful scrutiny.
Russia becomes the first country in the world to approve Corona vaccine for pet cats and dogs
NITI Aayog’s Agricultural Markets and Farmer Friendly Reforms Index — AMFFRI, for States. low AMFFRI rank implies the state
rural roads,APMC, Seed fertilizer availability,Cold storage infrastructure etc. Such States have witnessed better growth in the ag
states. e.g. Gujarat (mainly cotton, groundnut, livestock), Madhya Pradesh (wheat, soybean, pulses), Odisha (livestock and frui
and livestock).

Disinvestment/Asset monetization: Airport Authority of India (AAI) is a statutory body under the ministry of Civil Aviation. Its ow
Mumbai(26%), Hyderabad (13%), Bengaluru (13%). This airports are operated by Joint venture companies e.g. Mumbai Intern
AAI 26%+ Adani 74%-100%) then AAI signs - OMDA Agreement with MIAP: (Operation, Management, Development Agreemen
operational responsibilities to Adani group, And they will have to share profit with AAI. Now AAI to sell away its ownership from
Populism: AIADMK Manifesto:- Washing machine will be given, Free data for college students, Travel concession for women etc
sustainable to support the middle class money should be better spent on infrastructure to create a sustainable demand"

GSM2 Scheme design implementation: Beneficiary identification in Odisha's Kalia scheme “Unification-Verification-Exclusion” 1)
forms to join the scheme 2) Verification - Through SECC census, Beneficiary list of national food security act, Aadhar card bank
thus even Landless farmers/labourers also identified. 3) Exclusion: Govt employees, tax payers, large farmers etc. 4) Grievance
Data privacy. Personal details of farmers only available to selected government officials on a need to know basis. Similar model
schemes for migrant workers, unorganised sector workers, etc. Odisha's KALIA Scheme “Krushak Assistance for Livelihood and
Farmers given 1) ₹25000 for total five cropping seasons 2018 onwards, 2) ₹50000 crop loan at 0% interest 3) ₹10,000 to Land
for Landless farmers, mushroom beekeeping etc. Whereas Union govt PM-Kisan scheme only provides ₹6000 per year & does n
15th FC gave large ₹₹ to the state govt so they can give money. Union alone cannot bear responsibility of all the farmers other
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Safe Harbour mechanism for independent directors in company law criminal prosecution.
Shetrunjay Hills forest area in Bhavnagar, Gujarat: a habitat of Asiatic lions, in news for forest fire.
Officer like Quality: Not necessary to give an opinion on everything asked by a journalist. Niti Aayog vice chairman Dr. Rajiv Kum
"freedom in danger" type of reports by Freedom House USA and with V-Dem Sweden? His Ans. I can only speak about the econ
are not curtailed in India. Regarding political freedoms- Not studied the report fully, I leave it to the better observers to comme
Body cameras: Worn by policemen over shirt to record the events. Gujarat Police To introduce 10,000 such cameras mainly due
police and citizens over mask violation, traffic violation. Benefit? 1) Live streaming of the event to the command centre. 2) GPS
Data/memory extraction and tampering is not possible by third party agencies. So, Can be submitted as evidence in the court. 4
Corruption.
QUAD: China criticised them as Asian NATO, harbinger of new cold war and transient 'sea foam'. But the recent decision of QUA
Climate change and 3) New age Technology- proves that Quad is neither a military alliance nor an anti-China coalition. China ha
second Largest economic and military superpower so it is inevitable the other countries will form alliances to balance it. China s
others instead of pursuing hegemony.
Afghanistan: USA had originally planned to troop withdrawal from Afghanistan on 1/5/2021. Corona economic slowdown also fo
expenditure. So, it is keen to have India on board to look after the mess in Afghanistan. India does not have friendly relationsh
do not differentiate between good Taliban and bad Taliban. But because of the Indian support in development of dams, electric
Afghanistan- India is the largest development owner for Afghanistan with $3 billion. Common Afghans see India as a friend. We
public opinion into strategic advantage- Before Taliban-Pakistan-Turkey etc from their own alliances.
Indus Waters Treaty, signed between India - Pak, 1960: 1) all the waters of the Eastern Rivers (Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi) annually
unrestricted use. 2) Western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab) given largely to Pakistan. 3) India is allowed to build dams/hyd
Pakistan is given the right to raise concerns over the dam design. 4) Indus Commission to meet regularly at least once a year, A
2020-Not done by Corona. 2021- New Delhi meeting.
Sports: Fencing- Ms. Bhavna Devi becomes the first ever Indian fencer to qualify for Tokyo Olympics
Death: Renowned Painter and Padma Bhushan awardee Laxman Pai (Goa).

Democracy: Defection / Horse Trading: Rajasthan state government admitted in Vidhan Sabha that Phone tapping was done Fo
under the provisions of Indian Telegraph Act. Allegations that Phone tapping was done on MP/MLAs, to find out who was leavin
GSM2/Comparing constitution: Jirga (Paki Panchayat): Assembly of leaders in the tribal areas of Pakistan/Afghanistan that decid
decrees. Hindu temple was burnt down and 50 people were arrested. Jirga held: Hindu community pardon the mob, Muslim cle
→ They will send the reconciliation statement to the supreme court → Arrested persons may be released. Charms? Reconciliatio
Poor people cannot afford lawyer fees. 😰Criticism of Jirga? 1) Eye for Eye type of Justice. Rape for Rape, Honor Killing etc. 2) R
after paying Blood Money for killing/raping poor families.
USA Freedom House and Sweden's V-Dem Institute criticising India for democracy ⏬ & autocracy⏫. External affairs minister Ja
approval. Who has made them the self appointed custodians of the world? 2) If India is a Nationalist country then why or how h
Nations free of cost? What have other countries (USA, Sweden) done? 3) In USA former President (Trump) himself is saying the
questions are not raised in India!
AEG12: It is a protein found in mosquitos. It inhibits the family of flaviviruses such as Zika, West Nile etc. by destroying virus's
against Covid-19.
All Indian Council For Technical Education (AICTE), Statutory body under Ministry of Education new norms that maths and Engi
admission in Engineering. How? A candidate with minimum 45% in any 3 subjects out of the 14 subjects [physics, mathematics
electronics, information technology, biology, informatics practices, biotechnology, technical, vocational subject, engineering gra
entrepreneurship] is eligible. Although ultimately it is for the college admit/not admit them. 🤩Arguments in favour? 1) PCB wall
admission in biotechnology colleges because maths was deemed compulsory. 2) agriculture engineering colleges not finding en
education policy 2020 also talked about removing the rigid separation between arts / science / PCM. 3) Candidates with interdis
bring more innovative ideas. 😰Against: 1) if not studied maths in 11-12, then such college student will struggle to understand
Depression / dropout / suicide.

Infrastructure/ Regional development/ Northeast / Scheme design and implementation issues: Ministry of food processing: Ope
transport and storage subsidy for fruit vegetables- To make supply available round the year at reasonable prices. Northeast ind
bamboo, rubber, betel nut, black pepper, mustard, soyabean to be added. Ministry's stance- "These are neither fruit nor vegeta
non-food commodity- So we cannot give subsidy under the given scheme. please ask Railway ministry to support them through
ministry's Kisan Rail scheme has many rails originating from Maharashtra, Punjab, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh bu
Old Vehicle scrapping policy (DRAFT): Use the certificate for 1) Claiming discount on new vehicle 2) Fee waiver in vehicle regist
to buy vehicle then trade the certificate with other buyer. 🤩Benefit? 1) ⏬Pollution By removing older vehicles 2) ⏫Automobile
Vadodara Mayor complaints, "Principal/Headmaster of Govt primary school has eloped with the lady teacher. Strong action need
teachers from engaging in similar activities of Moral turpitude (नैतिक अधमता)". As Education Secretary (IAS), How will you address
Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA): If air Travellers do not wear masks properly Despite repeated warning → Deboard
Categorise as on unruly passenger → put on "no-fly" list for 3 months. Points to consider/Officer like qualities: 1) Just for the sa
safety cannot be compromised. 2) Only by giving the flowers, a change of heart cannot be accomplished.
Secularism: SRI LANKA will ban the wearing of the burqa and shut more than 1000 Islamic schools. [Food for thought: Did they
till Pakistan PM Imran Khan's visit was over!? #Art-of-diplomacy] Switzerland is also doing referendums on similar matter.
Secularism: DMK Manifesto: ₹1000 crore will be allocated for renovating Hindu temples and ₹200 cr for renovating the Churche
Federalism: DMK Manifesto: We will pass a law against NEET, If we win Tamil Nadu election!
Federalism: Kerala infrastructure investment fund board (KIIFB)- had borrowed money from abroad using MASALA bonds. Earlie
negative remarks about its functioning. Thomas Isaac-Kerala Finance Minister: "I will not cooperate with the enforcement direct
they arrest me I will not even take bail." Spirit of cooperative federalism is missing. Language not suitable for a even-tempered
Middle class and politics/ democracy: Politics is enriched and civilized by the participation of the middle class. While they may n
opinion makers- Usually with empathy, reason, fairness and equity- Because of their level of education. Upto 1980s, Middle clas
participated in management of sport federations, Cooperative bodies, dairies, Temple Board Trustee, school/college board trust
these bodies are swamped with full time politicians → ⏫cynicism among middle class leaders. In urban areas cost of living ⏫,Co
so, Civic consciousness ⏬⏬Among middle class. They are becoming "gated Mini-Republics" focused on their own career instea
change, citizenship, fake encounters, Intolerance etc. Middle class became like 3 Monkeys of Gandhi-ji- "one blindfolded, one w
mouth taped." -Not healthy development for vibrant democracy
Racism / Civil rights: 2020-May: USA black person George Lloyd Murder by police during arrest → "Black lives matter" Campaign
2021-March: Court orders $27 million compensation to family. - Case finished in less than one year. Whereas in India, some cas
Brutality/Atrocity Against minorities/SC/ST take years to conclude / merely slap on the wrist for the accused persons / piecemea
because they do not receive as much media attention. Justice delayed is justice denied.
Vaccine protectionism / Non tariff barriers: Chinese government to pass the visa application faster if the foreigner has taken Ch
Staggered approach- Everyone should not be doing a thing at the same time e.g. Biden took vaccine, Kamala Harris didnot for f
effects/sick, Kamala could work. Budget 2021 disinvestment target ₹1.75 LCR but if all CPSE & PSB shares sold @same time,pr
amount. Staggered approach necessary for disinvestment.
Chauri Chaura Town in Gorakhpur district UP. 4/Feb/1922: 100 years centenary completed so postage stamp.
Srilanka cancelling Indo-Japan port deal 1) Sinhala-Buddhist majority groups in politics, civil society & media dislike India's 'big
matter. 2) Worker Unions opposed fearing job loss by privatisation 3) Chinese Instigation
Proud Boy- white supremacist far-right extremist group in the Washington Capitol Hill riots. Canada designate it terrorist org.
Amazon: Ande Jassy to replace CEO Jeff Bezos (Founder)
Social Media: Barbados pop singer Rihanna, climate activist Greta Thunberg etc tweet for Indian Farmer Protests. MEA expresse
help the farmers, but a very small section of farmers have some reservations/opposed. Celebrities shd ascertain facts & proper
of re-tweeting/commenting on fake news/half-truths in sensationalist social media hashtags. It is neither accurate nor responsib
Counter? 1) MEA shdn't express 'concern' in Myanmar coup / Washington protests / internal matters of other countries.
Social Media: Some Twitter users trending #Modiplanningfarmergenocide, Govt complainted yet Twitter ony suspended & then
Donald Trump who is completely banned from Twitter] IT Ministry orders action under Section 69A of the Information Technolo
Social Media: Bihar , Uttrakhand police warns people indulging in violent Anti-government protest and offensive anti-governmen
be monitored and police may not give verification certificate during arms li cense, passport, govt jobs, Govt road/building contra
license, govt grant, bank loans etc.
DNA Technology (Use and Application) Regulation Bill, 2019- aims to create a national databank of Victims, missing persons, un
undertrials, crime scene DNA profiles. Parliamentary committee apprehensive that it will target virtually everyone since DNA is l
after the crime by several persons who may have nothing to do with the crime being investigated. Sometimes body hairs may g
person was not present there. Then DNA profiles could be misused to target segments of society based on religion, caste or po
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Budget 2021 mein "X" sector received "inadequate" funding type ke ronaa-dhonaa columns.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Bond yields after the latest budget

💼Budget-2021: 'Bad Bank' (Asset reconstruction company) - It will not have shareholding from government but bankers thems
💼Budget-2021: National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NaBFID)- a proposed statutory Development fina
long term infrastructure funding in next 3 years. Regulator? RBI. Owner 100% Union.
Budget papers traditionally kept in a leather suitcase (French word 'bougette') → 2019: Nirmala.S kept papers in red colored clo
valvet cloth/cover over "digital tablet" - for paperless/digital budget.
💼Budget-2021: Income tax returns forms will have pre-filled data about person's profit from share market, interest from banks
people were trying to game/fool the system / Under-reporting income will be deterred.
Bansi Paharpur sandstone-Pink coloured, high in demand. Illegal mining since 2016 has Damaged area. So, Rajasthan state gov
Bandh Baretha wildlife sanctuary to make room for mining. These stones also to be used for Ram Mandir, Ayodhya.
E learning: Chartered accountant exam pass percentage drops in some cities because Online examinations, fewer mock tests, c
→ middle or lower-middle class students had to study at home where they have to share the space with other noisy family mem
Sri Lanka nationwide agitations against port privatisation so their Govt cancelled 2019's Indo-Japan-SriLanka deal to develop str
Colombo port with Adani Group as an investor. [Previously India also suffered a setback in Iran Railway.]
Govt orders union funded universities to seek approval of Ministry of External Affairs before hosting “international conferences w
India’s security, the Northeastern states, Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh or other “internal matters”.Controversy? few of ideas and
Myanmar military coup- first time in 1962, latest in 2021-Feb: Emergency declared for 1 year. During an emergency, the presid
commander as per 2008's constitution. "State Counciler" Aung San Suu Kyi put under house arrest for her party National Leagu
electoral fraud. She won Nobel 1991, Cannot become president since her husband is foreigner. Earlier she had backed military
less sympathy for her among International NGOs / media. China allegedly provided tacit support, also has mining interests in re
USA / EU impose Sanctions (Ban on import export trade relations until democracy is restored) → on Myanmar Ultimately people
PAKISTAN’S SC released Ahmad Omar Saeed Sheikh, mastermind of kidnapping & murdering U.S. journalist Daniel Pearl.
NASA: Indian-American Bhavya Lal Acting Chief of Staff of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the USA.
Budget summary ka video lecture https://www.youtube.com/watch?v-oZM29l_3yzk and its Powerpoint at https://mrunal.org/do
Foreign competition & support help bringing excellence in local players e.g. IPL Indian teams with foreign players & coaches. Bu
4 foreign players in every playing 11 team- To nurture Indian talent. Whereas, English Premier League Football failed to create
because mostly Overseas players dominated teams So very little chance for local players. Indian Govt too shd explore similar- in
Foreign Cos vs no entry (total Atma-Nirbhar). 2) BCCI invested in cricket stadiums and training centres in small cities like Ranch
Dharamshala, Jaipur. Govt too shd do similar for the Skill training textile leather industry. 3] Cricket has high visibility in media-
Indian mfg sector Not receiving same treatment, so talented youth prefer to join service sector / silicon valley. Media need to h
small town entrepreneur in mfg. (Column: Dhiraj Nayyar)
60% of domestic steel demand from Construction and roads. In last 6 months top Indian Steel cos ⏫ price by 50% so, Highwa
from recycled scrap in constructing road/bridges.

Personality Types Corona/Corruption/Intolerance/Misogyny/Prejudice/Pollution: DENIERS: who downplay the Corona threat, pro
SPREADERS: who want it to spread, herd immunity to develop, and normality to return [*] HARMERS: who try to harm others b
at them [*] REALISTS: who recognise the reality of the potential harm and adjust their behaviours [*] WORRIERS: who stay inf
uncertainty and fear [*] CONTEMPLATORS: who isolate and reflect on life and the world [*] HOARDERS: who panic-buy and ho
youth, who believe themselves to be immune [*] REBELS: who flout social rules restricting their individual freedoms [*] BLAME
frustrations onto others [*] EXPLOITERS: who exploit the situation for power, profit or brutality [*] INOVATORS: who design or
19 [*] SUPPORTERS: who show their solidarity in support of others [*] ALTRUISTS: who help the vulnerable, elderly, and isolat
frontline healthcare workers, combat its grim reality [*] VETERANS:who experienced SARS & willingly comply with restrictions.
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership(CPTPP)- 11 Pacific Nations: Australia, Brunei, Canada,
NewZealand,Peru,Singapore, Vietnam. USA not a member. UK interested to join.
Article 293: State is free to borrow money within India upon security of Consolidated Fund of the State. But if State already own
Union permission is necessary. To outsmart this, & to Escape legislative scrutiny, Kerala State Govt made Kerala Infrastructure
Statutory corporation, to borrow money Overseas through masala bonds. CAG criticized this Off budget borrowing / Extra budge
resolution against CAG.
DATE (YY-MM-DD) Subject Subtopic (if any)
2021-January-31 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-January-31 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-January-31 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-January-31 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-January-31 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-January-31 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-January-31 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-31 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-31 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilatera

2021-January-31 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors


2021-January-31 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-January-31 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-January-31 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-January-31 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-January-31 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2021-January-30 Science🧪 6-Health
2021-January-30 Science🧪 4b-mfg👷‍
2021-January-30 Polity⚖️ Judiciary
2021-January-30 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-January-30 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-January-30 PIN-GK🏋️ Defence

2021-January-30 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-January-30 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-January-30 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-January-30 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-January-30 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-January-30 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-January-30 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-January-30 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Lo


2021-January-30 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-January-30 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-January-30 Economy💳 6-Health

2021-January-29 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-January-29 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝


2021-January-29 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-January-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-January-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-January-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-January-29 A-Jobs👩‍💻 6-Edu👩‍🎓
2021-January-29 A-Jobs👩‍💻 6-Edu👩‍🎓
2021-January-29 PIN-GK🏋️ Social Media📣

2021-January-29 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-January-29 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-January-29 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-January-29 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-January-29 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-January-28 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-January-28 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝


2021-January-28 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-January-28 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-January-28 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺


2021-January-28 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-January-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-January-28 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-January-28 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-January-26 Polity⚖️ Election

2021-January-26 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-January-26 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-January-26 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-January-26 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-January-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-January-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-January-26 IR/Defense🔫 Awards🏆


2021-January-26 IR/Defense🔫 Awards🏆
2021-January-26 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-January-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-January-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-26 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-January-26 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-January-26 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-January-26 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️


2021-January-25 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-
2021-January-25 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket
2021-January-25 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2021-January-25 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-January-25 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-January-25 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-January-25 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-January-25 Environment🌿 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-January-25 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2021-January-25 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-January-25 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-January-25 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News


2021-January-25 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2021-January-25 Polity⚖️ Election


2021-January-25 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-January-25 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-25 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-25 Science🧪 E-Gov👩‍💻

2021-January-25 Science🧪 E-Gov👩‍💻


2021-January-24 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-January-24 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝


2021-January-24 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝
2021-January-24 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-January-24 Economy💳 Water💦

2021-January-24 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-

2021-January-24 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣


2021-January-24 Governance🧔 Social Media📣

2021-January-24 History/Culture🗿 Awards🏆


2021-January-24 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-January-24 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Bilatera

2021-January-24 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-January-24 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-January-24 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-January-24 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-January-24 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-January-23 History/Culture🗿 places-in-News

2021-January-23 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-January-23 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Lo

2021-January-23 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽

2021-January-23 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-January-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-January-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕
2021-January-23 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-January-23 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-January-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-January-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-January-23 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-January-23 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-January-23 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-January-23 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-January-23 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-January-23 Polity⚖️ PRI

2021-January-22 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-January-22 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-January-22 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-January-22 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-January-22 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽


2021-January-22 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-January-22 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-January-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-22 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilat

2021-January-22 IR/Defense🔫 Social Media📣

2021-January-21 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Lo

2021-January-21 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-

2021-January-21 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-January-21 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-

2021-January-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-January-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈
2021-January-21 IR/Defense🔫 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-January-21 Science🧪 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-January-20 Agri🌽 Bio-Diversity

2021-January-20 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-January-20 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-January-20 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-January-20 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Lo

2021-January-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-20 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-January-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-January-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-January-20 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-January-20 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-January-20 Science🧪 Places-in-News

2021-January-19 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-19 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Lo

2021-January-19 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-19 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-January-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-January-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-19 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-January-19 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-January-19 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-January-19 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2021-January-19 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-January-18 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-18 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-18 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-January-18 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-January-18 Governance🧔 Social Media📣

2021-January-18 Governance🧔 5-Infra-Communication

2021-January-18 IR/Defense🔫 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2021-January-18 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-January-17 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Lo

2021-January-17 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍


2021-January-17 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-January-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆


2021-January-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-January-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-January-17 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-January-17 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups

2021-January-17 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-January-16 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classification & Lo


2021-January-16 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-January-16 Environment🌿 6-Health

2021-January-16 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-January-16 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2021-January-16 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈
2021-January-16 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-January-16 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-January-16 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilat


2021-January-16 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-January-16 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-January-16 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-January-16 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-16 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-16 Science🧪 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-January-15 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-January-15 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-

2021-January-15 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-January-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-January-15 History/Culture🗿 Places-in-News

2021-January-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-January-15 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-January-15 Polity⚖️ 4a-agro👨‍🌾
2021-January-15 Science🧪 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-January-15 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-January-14 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-14 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-January-14 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2021-January-14 Governance🧔 Social Media📣
2021-January-14 Governance🧔 Social Media📣
2021-January-14 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-14 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-January-14 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-January-14 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-January-14 Polity⚖️ PRI

2021-January-14 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-January-14 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-14 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-13 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport⚓️

2021-January-13 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket


2021-January-13 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity
2021-January-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-January-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence
2021-January-13 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-January-13 Polity⚖️ 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-January-13 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-13 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-13 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-13 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communication

2021-January-12 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-12 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-January-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-12 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-January-12 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-January-12 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-January-12 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-January-12 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-January-12 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2021-January-12 Polity⚖️ PRI

2021-January-12 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-12 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-11 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-January-11 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-11 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-

2021-January-11 Governance🧔 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2021-January-11 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2021-January-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-January-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈
2021-January-11 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-January-11 Geo🗺 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-January-11 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2021-January-11 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-January-10 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-January-10 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxation💼

2021-January-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-January-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣


2021-January-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Legislature

2021-January-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2021-January-10 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-January-10 History/Culture🗿 Awards🏆


2021-January-10 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-10 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India


2021-January-10 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-January-10 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-09 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-January-09 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2021-January-09 Governance🧔 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-09 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-09 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-January-09 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-January-09 Polity⚖️ 👩🏻‍


Public-Health
‍⚕️️ ‍⚕️
2021-January-09 Science🧪 👩🏻‍
Public-Health
‍⚕️️ ‍⚕️

2021-January-08 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation🧅

2021-January-08 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2021-January-08 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-January-08 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sharemarket

2021-January-08 Environment🌿 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-January-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2021-January-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2021-January-08 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-January-08 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2021-January-08 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2021-January-08 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣

2021-January-08 Polity⚖️ Executive

2021-January-08 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-January-07 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-


2021-January-07 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-January-07 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-07 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilat


2021-January-07 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2021-January-07 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-07 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2021-January-07 Polity⚖️ Executive
2021-January-07 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-07 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-06 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-January-06 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2021-January-06 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-January-06 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-January-06 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2021-January-06 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-06 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-06 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2021-January-06 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-January-06 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-January-06 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2021-January-05 Agri🌽 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-05 Agri🌽 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-05 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-January-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-05 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilat


2021-January-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2021-January-05 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-05 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-04 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2021-January-04 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2021-January-04 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-04 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2021-January-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News


2021-January-04 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-04 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-January-03 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-January-03 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-January-03 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-January-03 Geo🗺 Places-in-News
2021-January-03 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India

2021-January-03 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilat


2021-January-03 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2021-January-03 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment


2021-January-03 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-January-03 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2021-January-03 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2021-January-03 Science🧪 6-Health

2021-January-02 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-02 Science🧪 6-Health


2021-January-02 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-January-02 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-January-02 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2021-January-02 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-Multilat


2021-January-02 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement-India
2021-January-02 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-January-02 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2021-January-02 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2021-January-02 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-02 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-02 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2021-January-01 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-

2021-January-01 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pension-Fin-

2021-January-01 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2021-January-01 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communication

2021-January-01 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2021-January-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-January-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2021-January-01 PIN-GK🏋️ Death


2021-January-01 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2021-January-01 Science🧪 6-Health
News Item (Page Numbers correspond to Ahmedabad Edition)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋5G roll-out Notice period - Technical rules NOT IMP.

2020- Approx 1.5lakh Indians died in Corona. Annually. same number die in Road accidents. Beema bamboo variety in
Karnataka - Can be used for creating roadside crash / accident barriers instead of Steel barriers. 1) Cheaper and
environmentally sustainable than Steel 2) 'cushion effect' - Minimising the damage to vehicle and person.
Share market /Secondary market -Provides liquidity to the investor -Since he can sell existing shares 2nd hand to
others → motivation to buy new shares/IPO in primary market → capital to healthy new company. But, excess
speculation / betting in Corona bcoz 1) cheap loans / Expansionary monetary policy 2) 'work from home'- timepass. 3)
Youtubers/Reddit/Social media influencers share trading Apps/ tips. American video game store GAMESTOP shares
⏫1625% in 1 year but will crash eventually. Hedge funds lost money, small player profited but, Such gimmickry will
attract more small investors to invest their hard on Savings and in future they will lose when 'overpriced' shares see
'correction' in share market.
Odisha Mukhymantri Karm tatparta Abhiyan (MUKTA): Urban poor used as labourers for constructing parks, community
centres, road repair, stormwater drainage etc. No contactors allowed. Basically like MGNREGA for urban poor- but
without legal guarantee of 100 days.
Evergreen expectations from Budget: 1) Direct cash transfer to 30% of the poorest family 2) Rescue plan for MSME 3)
⏬tax rates to revive demand 4) ⏫capital Expenditure on infrastructure, health, education 5) Recapitalise public sector
banks, merge weak PSBs 6) Free trade agreements with like-minded countries instead of 'Protectionism' 7) Sector-
specific Revival plans to convert "K-shaped recovery" into "V" shaped recovery.
Man animal conflict ⏫ in Uttarakhand- Snake bite to Bear attack: 1) Highway Hotel Tourism Mining Development
Encroaching in jungle territory 2) Climate change → winters getting harsher, poor people can't afford heater- more
wood cutting 3) corona- tourism jobs ⏬ → poaching / hunting.

Superstitious beliefs that “witch (daayan)”— single woman widow Has magical powers to bring death and disease in
the community - so must be 'lynched / Exiled from the village'. Sometimes relatives/villagers do it to grab her property.
Practice in Jharkhand Chhattisgarh Bihar Odisha Rajasthan Assam. Only in 2018- Assam law came in effect. Assam
social activist Birubala Rabha- Padma Shri for fighting "Witch hunt" & Superstition. Studied up to 5th std.
Self respect: Instagram Facebook Selfi culture- Notion of what constitutes perfect hair, skin, body, Behaviour &
Lifestyle. Teenage girls forever feeling insecure about their looks / depression, improper dieting, low body mass index.
Beauty, fitness & makeup industry getting ₹₹ at the expense of youth. Need to stop "body shaming". ⏫Body positivity
image & self-respect.
Myanmar military (Tatmadaw) assured the world, we are not planning for coup, Unlike World media speculation.
Prachand dhamaal Nepal mein hai, idhar nhi.
Books: By Many a Happy Accident: Ex-Vice president Hamid Ansari autobiography. He was an IFS/diplomat, AMU V-C
also.
Mensa club for people with a high intelligence quotient (IQ). Dayaal Kaur- youngest British Sikh girl, 4 years.
Sports: National Wrestling Championship - 62kg gold to Sonam Malik (Haryana) defeated Rio Olympics bronze medalist
Sakshi Malik.
Sports: Om Nambiar: PT Usha's Coach, given Padma award.
Article 224(1) Additional Judges can be appointed in High Court to deal with increased case burden- They are drawn
from the bar council/District judiciary for a 'probation / contract' period of 2 years / 62 age. They do not enjoy the
same level of constitutional protection like a permanent judge. Bombay HC "Additional" Judge's Controversial
interpretation of POCSO Act ("skin to skin contact req for sexual assault. merely pressing breasts over her clothes is
not."). If Supreme Court Collegium Dissatisfied with the judges conduct, it may 1) extend probation before giving
"Permanent" appointment to Bombay High Court 2) Demote to district judiciary 3) ask to resign 4) 'Punishment posting'
in NE / Quasi-judicial bodies. Reports hint Option#1 likely to happen.
Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act 2012: Section 7 defines sexual assault of a child as “whoever,
with sexual intent touches the vagina, penis, anus, or breast of such person.” Controversy? Bombay HC ruling "skin to
skin contact req for sexual assault. merely pressing breasts over her clothes is not."
30-Jan-2020: 1st COVID reported in India. So 1 year completed.
📔📔ES21: While India 5th largest economy (GDP,$,Current Price) but in India’s gross domestic expenditure on
research and development (GERD) 0.65%, not even among the top-10 economies in the world. Reliance on "Jugaad"
hurts innovation. 2020-April2Oct: Indian Startups applied 3500 patents → ALL REJECTED. Non-Startups (older) Cos
applied for 38000 patents but only 15k approved.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Comedian Kunal Kamra Supreme Court affidavit in contempt case
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋SC asks Government reply on need for uniform adoption laws in Hindi, Muslim, Parsi, Christians.
Election Commission model code of conduct (MCC)→ Ruling party shall ensure that its Govt machinery is not used for
election campaigning, else puts Opposition parties at disadvantage. 😰Controversy? upcoming Vidhan Sabha & local
bodies elections but PM Modi's photo on COWIN App, Vaccine certificate, Banners @vaccine centre.
M.K.Gandhi was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Godse @Delhi's Birla House. Remembered as Martyr day/Shaheed
Diwas.
Death: Economist/social-scientist Shaibal Gupta- Renown for Bihar Economy research. Founder of Asian Development
Research Institute (ADRI) in Patna
Israel Embassy in Delhi: minor Blast, Irani hand suspected. (Recall Iranian nuclear scientist was killed by smart
machine gun last year.)

📔📔ES19: Total fertility rate ⏬: Need to merge schools having very less number of students to ⏬operational costs.
Guj 7000 primary schools (std1-8) have <50 students. Fiscal burden on State vs Right to education 2009 Act. Merger
proposals opposed by Villagers, civil society, educationists, teachers. As Education Secretary (IAS) how will you
address? Ans. 1) phase wise: Instead of directly shutting down all the 1-8. start with 8,7,6 <Older students can
cycle/bus-travel to even little further areas> 2) Adequate transport arrangement / special buses for whole village's 50
students 3) Give Assurance to teachers- They will be posted / transferred within the same district. 4) Villages/Districts
with very poor board exam result / Higher concentration of SC-ST / low female literacy- Avoid mergers.
📔📔ES21: Food subsidy- FCI buying wheat @MSP ₹27 per kg → Union selling them to States at ₹2kg (Central issue
price: CIP) → National food security act 2013 (NFSA) beneficiaries. Total subsidy 27-2- ₹25. CIP unchanged since 2013,
whereas MSP⏫⏫ every year [to keep farmers happy]. Need to ⏫CIP to ⏬Union subsidy bill.
📔📔ES21: V-shaped recovery: real GDP Growth rate @2019:+4.2% @2020: -7.7% @2021:+11%. How to achieve? 1)
Expansionary fiscal policy / Fiscal stimulus 2) Privatization of govt companies 3) Structural reforms in health, research,
etc
📔📔ES21: Bare Necessities Index (BNI): 26 indicators across 5 dimensions 1) water, sanitation,housing,micro-
environment, and other facilities: x3 Levels of access in areas- 1) high 2) medium 3) low 4) bare necessities: Find out
the inequalities In urban and rural areas → address with appropriate schemes. Looking at 2012 vs 2018 NSO Data,
bare necessities ⏫ thanks to Modi scheme.
Kerala State Govt: 5 lakh employees. 60% of them in eduction & health so More progress in social development than
other state. 11th State Pay Commission recommends lowest govt salary to be ⏫ from 16k to 23k. Employees to get 1
year 'parent care leave' For bedridden parents @40% salary etc.
🎓✋National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development Bill, 2021 to set up a Development Finance institution
(DFI) for infrastructure finance→ let it get tabled. SELF PHD not req.
🎓✋Cryptocurrency and Regulation of Official Digital Currency Bill, 2021.→ let it get tabled. SELF PHD not req.
📔📔ES21: Even though Indian govt never defaulted on any loans, the International credit rating Agencies like Moody,
S&P giving 'low investment grade' BBB(-)/BAA3 etc to Indian G-Secs- 'biased', Harms Foreign investment.
📔📔ES21: India public sector Expenditure on healthcare 1% → ⏫2.5-3% to ⏬out-of-pocket expenditure for poor
people. Indonesia, China and Thailand Doing much better on here.
WTO Information Technology agreement 1996- Signatory parties to ⏬ customs duty on selected electronic goods to
0%. India signed in 1997 but could not benefit due to low capacity of local mfg. Now looking to restart.
Pakistan registered basmati rice as a geographical indication (GI) under its national law. Fighting against India @EU for
the tag.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Gamestop shares prices & short squeeze trading in USA by Reddit social media crowd.
Junagadh Agricultural University conducting research on indigenous cattle breeds (Gir, Kankrej, Jaffrabadi, etc.) For the
research purpose only need to keep one third of the calvings. Rest to be sold to farmers in auction @60k to 1l per
animal- Which further helps ₹₹ for research. In past some instances of auction malpractices & slaughterhouses buying
them in auction. Animal rights activist protest → University administration stopped auctions. 100 unnecessary extra
animals in university- Draining the man & material resources in their care and maintenance. As new VC, what will you
do? Ans. "Policy paralysis" of not doing the work because a protest/Possibility of corruption- "Not officer like quality. 1)
Letter to govt & Animal rights groups & Local journalists and farm leaders explaining the situation and seeking their
support. 2) re-starting auction with more transparency and precautions e.g. Only verified farmers will be allowed to
participate, minimum bid amount "X" etc. 3] University officials will visit farmer every 3-6 months to ensure its not sold
to slaughterhouse/discarded for atleast "X" years etc.
RTI: 1) Bus conductor Manish filed 170 RTIs against govt officials with cantankerous mentality. 2) Class 3 health
worker Deepa residing in Class2 officer level govt house. When a new Class2 officer posted, she refused to vacate the
house. Both since filed 21 RTIs against each other & over 1000 emails from police to Prime Minister's office. Guj State
Govt writes to the State Information Commissioner to Blacklist these people for wasting PIO's time. What will u do? Ans
1) RTI Act does not have provisions to Blacklist citizens. Citizen also not required to disclose any reasons why they
want info. for Blackmailing revenge. [2) RTI Section7: Govt not required to give information if it is disproportionately
diverting the public resources e.g. 1995-96 what was the number of passengers & ticket sales of Bus "X" on "Y" route?
Difficult for the PIO to waste entire day searching paper archives. He may refuse to give info, cite the reasons in
writing. [3) Vacating govt house- Govt shd take appropriate action under IPC.

If freedom of speech is taken away, then, we may be led to slaughter like dumb and silent sheep- George Washington
Rajasthan cooperative board: Asst. manager, Accountant officers, Chemists etc
RBI Grade B Officer
⚾️📻⚾️ India today cuts salary of Journalist Rajdeep sardesai for wrong tweet on farmer protest
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ unziping pants not Child Sexual Assault in POSCO Act- case ki ball by ball commentary.| Bengal Assembly
passes resolution against farm laws
Article 87 Joint sitting for President address. 1) new house after new election 2) every year 1st session. Similar in
British monarch, American President, Govt of India Act 1919 → Governor general address. Post independence 1st
address: 31/1/1950.
January 28, 1950: 1st sitting of SC so 71 Years completed
SC Expresses displeasure that "Government not doing anything about inflammatory/instigating content on TV" Case
related to Tablighi Jamaat corona news spreading communal hatred.
INDIAN Medical Association (IMA) going on hunger strike against ‘mixopathy’. Ref Mrunal's EXCEL for "Ayurvedic doctor
allowed to do surgery"
Fiscal prudence / Austerity measures: Parliament canteen subsidy removed, Now masala dosa price ⏫₹6 → ⏫₹50.
Gold monetisation scheme (2015)- Deposit your Gold in banks → MMTC company → Jewellers & electronics mfg → you
earn interest ~2-3% in the form of 'gold'. Limitation? Minimum deposit amount 30 gram of gold, so, poor people can't
join, so Govt thinking of ⏬.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Company incorporation rules relaxed to convert public limited company into private limited company.
Economics of Sports Premier Leagues: NITA Ambani's Indian super league football (similar to cricket IPL). Corona:
Ticket sales, television broadcast rights, Sponsorship⏬. 1) Reliance foundation stops 2 cr Youth subsidies given to
teams for developing next-gen footballers😰. 2) ISL salary cap rules that team owners can't pay >₹16.5 cr to a
footballer but some Team owners violate the rules using loopholes to poach other team's star players- Making the
business unsustainable for everyone.
Earth geological timeline is divided into In various eras. Present is "Holocene" (Start 11000 years ago). Earth
transformed from "Ice Age" to "Rice age". Informally also known as anthropocene- Because of the significant impact of
human activities on the ecology. Kenesian economics: government expenditure to combat recession and poverty. Then
Thatcherism & Reaganism - ⏬Public sector, ⏫Liberalisation & Privatisation. Presently, Economic debates are divided
between "Ease of doing business for corporations and startups" versus "Miseries of labourers & poors in capitalism &
gig economy". But little attention to the misery of the earth & environment. Both Economics & Science should be
utilised to ⏬the ecological footprint & resource consumption by humans.
Air pollution⏬: Information, incentives, institutions are 3 keys: World Bank. 1) Give high-quality information to public
to generate Sensitivity against air pollution 2) Give tax and subsidy incentives to curb air pollution 3) Collaboration
among various institutions for air pollution management strategies.
Web series: Article 19 - Freedom of speech & Freedom of profession is not absolute. "If actor accepts a role hurting
religious sentiments, he could not have done it without reading the script." So he cannot escape the blame that "it is
not me, but my character, who is using this bad language or hurting religious sentiments."
Sports Ethics: Kerala High Court issues notice to Cricketer Virat Kohli for promoting online sports gamling apps. Recall
Historian Ramchandra Guha:- "Twitter-Bhakt culture in Cricket - prevents any healthy debate on sports ethics."
Mount Merapi: Indonesia has most active volcano erupted
Auschwitz- Death camp /Gas chamber for Jews in Nazi occupied Poland. 76th anniversary of Liberation by Soviet
Troops in WW2.
25th Jan 1950: Foundation day of the election commission.It is celebrated as national voters day since 2011.
Indian Constitution is also referred to as a ‘Bag of Borrowings’. This is because it was influenced in many parts by the
constitution. original copy completely handwritten by Caligrapher Prem Behari Narain Raizada- Preserved in Helium
filled case at Parliament.
Constitution is not a mere lawyers’ document, it is a vehicle of life Dr. Ambedkar
The sharing of health data of a citizen without his/her consent - violates right of privacy under Article 21. So, Karnataka
HC restricts Union and NIC from sharing the aarogya Setu App data with other orgs.
WhatsApp privacy policy: European users' data not to be shared with Facebook. Indian users are given Differential
treatment. Alto Lawyer Kapil Sibal representing WhatsApp, submitted, "“Unless the law is put in place, Judges cannot
decide the issues. It's for govt/Regulatory body to do something."

Padma Shri: Transgender folk artist Matha B. Manjamma Jogati, head of the Karnataka Janapada Academy (Karnataka )
Padma Shri (DUO): Kanodia brother- Mahesh (Musician) & Naresh (Actor) from Gujarat film industry.
Soft diplomacy: Bangladesh colonel from '71 war & a lady musician awarded Padma Shri-2020. | Former Japanese
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, Singer SP Balasubramaniam
26th Jan: first Chief Guest in 1950 Sukarno, the President of Indonesia.
K2 in: Second highest mountain in the world (8611) after Mount Everest (8848m)
“Adversity often plays the role of a great teacher. It makes us stronger and more confident." President's Republic Day
speech - (Famine/Drought: Green Revolution, BoP Crisis → LPG reforms...)
Rural-Urban values: French urban people Living in semi rural areas sue their farmer neighbours for 'noise of roosters,
ducks, animals; dung/manure smell, church bells etc. So, Parliament passing a bill to preserve the sensory heritage of
the countryside.
Discrimination: Trump had banned recruitment of transgenders in the armed forces. Biden "undo".
M-Sand policy of Rajasthan: to ⏫ state's reliance on manufactured sand, rather than sand mined from the riverbed.
manufactured sand produced by crushing of mineral/overburden (surface waste of a mine).
The Netherland Arbitration Court had ordered Indian govt to pay $1.2 billion to Cairn energy for tax harassment. Cairn
Now identifying Indian assets abroad to get them seized for recovering money e.g. Air India planes, ships, Indian
public sector companies bank accounts, businesses etc.

Rule of 3: In mature market generally 3 firms survive - Others collapse or get merged or live on oxygen e.g. 1) Jio, 2)
Airtel 3) Vodafone-Idea Control 88% of Telecom business. 2016-Reliance jio started ops, but it was not considered a
"significant market power" so TRAI & CCI Did not take action against its free plans-Which ultimately destroyed many
Telecom companies, & in future 5G may create a 'duo-poly': Only two firms control the market- Consumer to suffer.
⏬regional development inequality- soln: organization national programs like 26th Jan, 15th Aug, DGP meeting,
Speakers' summit etc in backward (-aspirational districts)- Local people will get some work employment in the event
management Sale of flowers, food, taxi, tourism etc.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Irdai panel recommends separate payments for cost of vehicle, insurance premium
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋decriminalisation of offences under LLP Act
UK's Oxfam Report:‘The Inequality Virus’: Rich Indians wealth ⏫by 35% during lockdown - ₹13 trillion- This amount is
large enough to give cheque of 94k to each poor person / run Health ministry for 10 years/MGNREGA scheme for 10
years. E learning business for exponential growth Whereas poorest 20% families mein only 9% have internet.
Coronavirus spread higher in poor families because live in congested unhygenic place, common toilet/water/spitting
points.
World economic forum (WEF)- Annual Summit @Davos, Switzerland shifted to Singapore due to pandemic (2021). Modi
may attend online.
Great Reset initiative: - Modern Tech-Giants no different than East India Company- they pay little taxes, low wages,
Unprecedented power to influence the government / politics. → Need to reset capitalism so we can revamp societies,
economies, education, social contracts and working conditions. For this Every country, USA to China, every industry
from oil-gas to tech, must be transformed. → Stakeholder capitalism -Not only profit for the company but also caring
for the well being of consumer,citizens,environment. → India must contribute to such new rules to govern international
capitalism.
Lesser Flamingo birds' nesting site Little Rann of Kutch (LRK). Greater Flamingo birds' Great Rann of Kutch (GRK/Anda
Bet). Although Lesser Flamingos also nesting in Great Rann of Kutch nowadays.
Ram Setu, Adam’s Bridge. Nala Setu: Between India and Sri Lanka. 2005: UPA proposed Sethusamudram Shipping
Canal Project to build a shipping canal to link the Arabian Sea with the Bay of Bengal to ⏬ travel time but required
dredging of Ramsetu - environment & religious sentiments. Now, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
and National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) Goa to Conduct underwater study on Ram Setu

UN Report: By 2025, many Indian dams will be 50 years old: ⏫Sedimentation, repair maintenance cost, risk of disaster
Ladakh: 1) Thiksey monastery (Leh) 2) Indian astronomical observatory (Hanle) displayed in Ladakh UT tableau in 26th
Jan Parade.
Anandwadi village in Latur Maharashtra: All panchayat members are women and elected unopposed
Tahrir Square@Cairo, Egypt: 2011's Civilian protest led to fall of Hosni Mubarak’s regime during Arab Spring
Risa, rignai and rikutu-Tripura women traditional handwoven garment. Also used in Garia Puja etc religious festivals by
tribal communities
AMPHEX-21: Amphibious Exercise at Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
e-elector photo identity card (E-EPIC) - non-editable digital version of the elector photo identity card. can be saved in
PDF, digital locker, mobile, computer. Election commission's time + money saved in Not printing.
Abhyudaya Coaching programme: UP State Govt free coaching for JEE, NEET, UPSC etc
Open Science movement - to make scientific research & data accessible to all. Science research suffers from fabrication
/ falsification of data, plagiarism, unethical authorship by hiding funding sources (e.g. writing thesis paper 'Smartwatch
and fitness band help in health improvement' research paid by electronics Cos) and gender disparity in research
institutions etc.

Corona Vaccine- data dispute: “Emergency Use Authorisation” (EUA) to Covaxin/Covishield but 1) phase3 clinical trial
efficacy data is either currently unavailable or disputable in the Indian context 2) effect on older people - result not
shared. Counter argument? Phase 3 trial will take another 3-4 months → Another 50,000 may be infected/die.
Multi Function Displays (MFDs)- small cathode ray tube or liquid crystal display in printers,
photocopiers,cameras,aircraft etc to display/respond to user queries.
3D printing or additive manufacturing - printing models by laying down successive layers of materials such as plastic,
resin, thermoplastic, metal, fiber or ceramic.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Budget Halwa ceremony
Currency exchange: 2018- $1-₹63 (Jan) → 74 (Oct) - $ got 17% stronger. Whereas in same time frame Euro: 11% &
Saudi Riyal 11%. So, if we only focus on $:₹exchange rate we can't find fair value of rupee, external competitiveness
or good monetary/fiscal policies. So, RBI tracks Effective Exchange Rates(EERs). An EER is a summary indicator of
movements of the home currency against a basket of foreign currencies e.g. Nominal effective exchange rate (NEER-
36: Geometric average of Indian Rupee exchange rate with 36 Foreign countries currencies. When NEER adjusted with
CPI-inflation In respective countries: Real effective exchange rate (REER)”. RBI report says Indian currency stable as
per these indicators.
World Economic Forum (Swiz): online Davos Summit- Modi to participate
Crude oil price ⏫as Saudi cuts production. Indian Union & State Govt on willing to ⏬taxes → petrol-diesel all time high
since prices revised on daily basis with benchmark international price and foreign exchange rates
(Proposed) Jal Jeevan Mission-Urban (JJM-Urban) — to provide tap water connections to all statutory towns & sewer
connections to all cities with a population of over 1 lakh, by 2026. Because many such areas did not receive ₹₹ in
AMRUT scheme for it in the past.
Ayushman CAPF scheme- 28 lakh personnel of CAPF (BSF, CRPF etc), Assam Rifles, NSG and their families to be
covered in ‘Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)- 5 lakh health insurance.
Social Media: TikTok-blackout challenge:put a belt around your neck and hold breath while recording yourself on her
phone. Italian 10 yo girl died. 2016: Blue Whale Challenge- Social media users will challenge others to perform various
task including suicide.
Neeva:- an ad-free, private search engine by Indian experts from IIT & Ex-Google. But you will have to pay ₹₹.
Subhash Chandra Bose 125th Birth Anniversary on 23 January, Celebrated as "Parakram Divas". He was made
president of Congress party in 1938 Haripura, near Surat.
⚾️📻⚾️Indian and Chinese military commanders meeting at LAC Near Chushul
Tensions as Chinese Bomber planes enter Taiwan airspace
2020-Trump deal with Taliban, USA to exit Afghanistan by 2021-May but Presient Biden to review it, Weather Taliban
really keeping the promise of stopping terrorism/not?
Death: Larry King: CNN Interview program host.
2k Time Trial: Compulsory for Indian cricketers to pass this physical test: 400m track x 5 rounds - 2000m -2kms in abt
8 minutes | Yo-Yo test - two cones are placed 20 metres apart & you've to run between them with the sound of a
beep.
Project 39A -a criminal laws advocacy group in National Law University in Delhi- report: 2020: 77 death penalties → 50
for sexual violence within that 80% victim is minor.

COVAX programme: WHO & GAVI (Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation, a partnership of public and private
sector org) to buy vaccines for poor and lower-middle income countries. Pfizer agreed to sell @Not-for-profit basis.
Jerenga Potha/ Rangpur, Sivasagar: Assam. Seat of Ahom dynasty. Ahom Princess Joymoti died.
Bitcoin mining requires large number of computers running 24/7: daily 450-1100 MW per day: ⏫Electricity
consumption → Electricity outage in normal houses. Diesel generator → ⏫Pollution /smog. So Iran cracking down on
bitcoin centres.
RBI proposes 4-tier structure for tighter regulation of NBFCs: BASE, MIDDLE, UPPER & TOP LAYER (most risky
companies)
National food security act 2013: projections max. 60 million tonnes cereals required for PDS. Yet FCI's MSP
procurement ⏫ every year To appease farmers 2017:70mill → 2019:90mil → 2020:100mil. Farmers more encouraged
to grow cereals (rice +wheat_- shortage of pulses,vegetables-inflation, while Excess cereals are rotten in FCI
warehouses & govt subsidy burden ⏫in MSP. Need to establish equilibrium between procurement and distribution. Soln
1) Diversify MSP & NFSA to offer vegetables, milk, pulses, edible oil etc. 2)⏫per person monthly quota in NFSA from
5kg to 10kg 3) Use excess cereals for biofuels / cattle feed. 4) export/donate to LDC 5) Impose upper limit in MSP
procurement. (Jean Dreze)
The Environment protection Act 1986 was enacted to protect the environment but also because of foreign pressure
from the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockholm (1972)! Many NGO file environment
complaints in India due to foreign powers vested interests- says NHAI in Karnataka HC, although later requests to
withdraw the statement!

⏫ conviction rate in corruption cases: Anti Corruption Bureau (ACB) need to hire Young minds National forensic science
University, National Law University, Chartered Accountants, IT experts etc. This team studies bank accounts,
properties’ documents of accused and their relatives, tracking the ⏫ income of officer viz a viz their career posting &
online shopping habits, Social media activity, Vacation photos etc prepare charts, graphical representation of data →
Public Prosecutor can make a stronger case presentation in the court. Gujarat adopted the model-2x conviction rate.
Patriarchal attitude towards domestic work- Only women/Lower caste maids are supposed to do cooking, cleaning,
child-care. Labour force Participation Rate of Women (LFPR) ⏬ - Women dependent on men / Tolerent of Domestic
violence and sexual abuse since they do not have personal income or property. Lower caste women not paid minimum
wages for domestic maid work. Lockdown losses: companies removed more women from job than men. E-learning /
Work From home: women paid less than men etc. (Amrita Dutta).
⏫Security in India Pak border so narcotics smugglers using Sri Lanka sea route
Disarmament: New start treaty-2010: USA & Russia to limit to number of Nuclear warheads. Expiring in 2021 but Biden
interested to extend it for 5 years
125th birth anniversary Gujarati author poet Jhaverchand Meghani, who was conferred the title of Rashtriya Shayar by
Gandhi-ji.
Death: Playback / Bhajan singer Narendra Chanchal (Punjab).
When Parliament passes of Bill but does not get implemented (Self-study from Explained Series)
Kerala assembly passed resolution against Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) about his fault-finding Kerala govt's
Off-budget borrowing (Extra budgetary resources/EBR) via a Kerala Government company.
Democracy Fault lines: 1) Capitalist markets undermining democracy 2) Global Tech companies usurping the power of
sovereign govts / Influencing election 3) ⏬Trust in govt, business, media, even NGOs. due to fake news/social media.
4) Elected leaders over-reliance on technokrats /Economists / corporate advisors- e.g. farm laws 5) Govt focused more
on Ease of doing business rather than ease of living for poor (Arun Maira)

Facebook/Twitter etc want to keep the user hooked so If you click on a particular type of news they will only keep
showing you that type of related news. (e.g. Earth is flat). Results into "gated community"- People not listening to the
counter view point /accepting evidence. Trust in democracy / science / media / People from other caste and religion⏬.
Social Media: Bihar Police have issued a circular warning “objectionable and indecent” comments online against state
govt, Ministers, MLAs, MPs and officials can be booked under the IT Act and the Indian Penal Code. Earlier Kerala also
tried imposing new law but withdrawn after public protest.
Delhi municipal corporation ordered restaurant to display whether they are serving the meat slaughtered through
"Halal" Method (done by Muslim traders) or "Jhatka" method (by Khatik traders). Criticism that foods slaughter
methods for being communalise / polarize for political gains, since in real life not possible to distinguish cooked meat
prepared by either method. Recently Delhi HC criticized Municipal Corporation for not paying salaries/pensions to
employees on time.
Winter: ⏫supply of Carrot cabbage capsicum tomatoes onions so, price ⏬. Similarly, Sept to March: ⏫calving / cattle
birth & Increased supply of green fodderSo theoretically the milk supply should ⏫- milk prices⏬ but not happening.
Because- Milk demand⏬ by Hotel-restaurant marriage etc so, farmers reduced focus on animals, not giving them
sufficient fodder, so milk supply ⏬so prices ⏫
BSE-SENSEX launched in 1986 using 1979 as 'base year'- Monitors the prices of 30 well-established and financially
strong companies' shares. SENSEX crossed 50,000 because :1) Biden- Economic stimulus, Opening of international
trade 2) Vaccination 3) upcoming budget → demand⏫ → sales → profit⏫ → dividend⏫, with such expectations 'bullish'
investors buying shares at high prices. Although not necessary SENSEX will continue to rise because when American
RBI ⏫repo, foreign investors will pull out money from Indian sharemarket to invest in USA then SENSEX may fall /
there will be 'correction in overinflated SENSEX'
Corona lockdown: household savings at 20 years high. $200 billion extra saved due to lockdown / unemployment /
salary cut panic. So, Demand⏬, Even if budget gives tax relief or ⏫MGNREGA wages, it won't ⏫demand until public
perception/animal spirit/shopping spree improves.
K Shaped Recovery: Most popular paid courses taken by Indian professionals at present - Microsoft’s cloud platform
Azure, software testing, English language test IELTS, e-mail etiquettes, Cybersecurity, machine learning.
PDS: Andhra govt doorstep delivery of rice ration to Elderly. PH etc to ⏬long queues in ration shops. Thus hardship⏬,
women can use time in other productive work instead in queues. Each rice bag is sealed with a unique code to prevent
adulteration & siphoning.
National education policy 2020: Internationalisation of Higher Education by inviting top 100 world-class universities to
open International branch campuses (IBC) in India. Challenges 1) Such institutes will take fees from Indians and send
it to their parent country. Adverse BoP & If Indian govt imposes more taxes / requiring minimum "X% Indian
staff/teachers etc" to prevent outflow of money then Foreign universities may not be interested to come. 2) Foreign
universities mainly interested in setting up MBA courses where it is easier to attract crowd, But we need foreign
universities coming to India for science, engineering, humanities. 3) Autonomy in designing their courses vs the
Nationalist / Sanskritization target of Govt.
Green bonds: Issued to borrow money from investors for clean/green/solar wind projects but, since 2018 less than 1%
of all types of bonds issued in India were of 'Green nature'. Earlier "superstar" type wind power companies have large
NPA. Due to govt price controls difficult to sell electricity at high prices so profitability not improving, so investors
hesitant, Have to offer higher interest rate- cost of issuing green bonds in India is high 😰
Transparency & Trust Has Many Components 1) Whether information available in public domain 2) Free and fair debate
allowed 3) Whether the government addresses the issues highlighted in such debate? 4) Integrity and fairness of the
people in org. e.g. Crime record data available in the public domain yet people do not trust police greatly. Court
judgements are uploaded online yet people's trust for lower Judiciary may be lower than the trust in SC/HC. "Vaccine
hesitancy"- one reason lack of healthy debate. Anyone asking questions about vaccine safety labelled as 'anti-national'
on twitter, doesn't help improving the trust in Vaccine. (Column Anand Krishnan)
Attitude toward women -Only 2021, Russian govt changed the law to allow women to drive taxis, trucks & metro trains.
Earlier they were considered to be "too weak" to drive heavy vehicles. Russian women are still prohibited from
explosives/chemical industry.
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. EU's Ambassadors are given "Full diplomatic status & privileges" by various
nations. But, UK not giving ke "EU is not a country" So tension.
Social media: Chinese US Embassy Tweet "Chinese government has emancipated Uighur Muslim women, they are no
longer longer “baby-making machines”, citing a research paper. Twitter removed tweet & locked account. Retaliatory
action may be expected from Chinese govt.
SC Ruling on IBC Section 32A: Successful bidders legal immunity from the scams done by previous owners. Otherwise
difficult to attract investors
Atma-Nirbhar → MOHUA → PM Street Vendor’s AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi) programme → Collateral free loans
₹10000 approx @7.25% & Interest subsidy of 7%. Many loan accounts turned NPA, hinting recovery has not happened
/ "K Shaped Recovery".
India equalisation levy (2016) when a non-resident company selling services/goods to an Indian resident e.g. Facebook
/ google ads, subscription to Netflix, Adobe, Microsoft office etc. American Politicians donot like India/France/EU
imposing such Digital Service Tax (DST), as it mostly targets their MNCs (Who give them election funds). 😰
Challenges? 1) Company will not get input tax credit so their ⏫Subscription price. Ultimately Indian consumer bearing
the brunt. 2) USA engaging in retaliatory action by imposing more taxes on Indian products. Soln? International law
/International tax agreement under the aegis of OECD

Road Safety: annually 11% of world road accidents happen in India killing over 1.5 lakh, affecting well being of families
& insurance companies. TamilNadu model Soln: Stricter enforcement of traffic rules about mobile phone talking,
helmet, seat belt. ICT to dispatch Ambulance & Police. Closing Highway liquor shops. ⏫quality & safety of roads.
Guj E-governance module "E-Dhara" for digital land record management with transparency & accountability. Yet, a
Dy.Tehsildar in charge of its operation found with disproportionate assets of ₹30cr. Bribe demanded when changing
the land ownership records in the software. Thus, E-governance itself is not Panacea as long as the person operating
the software is corrupt. Effective Vigilance, oversight, grievance redressal mechanism required.
Neither the Constitution, nor law, nor the courts by themselves can uphold morality, values, humanism or democracy
alone. Bureaucracy, Industry Leaders, Professional Organisations must be brought to account. federalism, Separation of
Power, Freedom of speech, Diversity- cultural, religious and linguistic, all of them function properly for a successful
democracy in a 'moral universe'. (Kapil Sibal, Column)
Surat Teen class8 fedup with online classes, unable to understand anything from it, runs away from home. From other
cities news of teenage depression & suicides. As State Education Secretary (IAS) what will you do? Ans. [1) Strict
enforcement of Pragyata guidelines on digital education (e.g. Whether the teacher following 8 steps of "Plan- Review-
Arrange- Guide- Yak (talk)- Assign- Track- Appreciate." Class1-8 students can't have more than 90 minutes of classes
per day etc. [2) Minimum eligibility guidelines for the educators [3) Hold School principals / Startup Managers
accountable for sending compliance reports, District Education Officer shd have access to such classes for random
inspection [4) Redesigning the school textbooks which ⏫self-learning e.g.Tamilnadu's new Ebooks. Global teacher
Awareee Ranjitsinh Disale QR code in textbooks- to open Video lectures from best teachers, Rather than mediocre
teacher of given School. [5) Poor families without access to fast internet, mobile, hardware. Television telecast or loan
them Tablets/laptops with pre recorded content. [6) Send letter to Central Consumer Protection Authority to inquire
into Marketing claims & Unfair business practices in E-learning sector e.g. alleged Whitehat Jr. 'Wolf Gupta' ad. [7) IEC
ki pipudi with parents, students, teachers.
Union approves 850 megawatt Ratle hydroelectric project on Chenab in J&K's Kishtwar district. Pakistan objects
NITI Aayog's India Innovation Index Report 2020. 3 categories— major states (#1-Karnataka), NE-Hill States(#1HP) &
UT (Delhi#1). Overall score #1 Delhi.
Dragon Fruit / pitahaya: Red fruits with green spikes & white pulp inside. Originated from S.America, grown in parts of
India. Gujarat CM renamed it as 'Kamalam' because 1) Dragon fruit gives impression that it is from China but it is not.
2) Shape of the fruit resembles lotus (although it's not lotus / aquatic plant. It's Cactaceae species)
Corporate farming - large-scale agriculture on farms owned by large companies. Guj Govt to lease 50,000 acre
wasteland (बंजर भूमि) to them. Tenure 6-30years. Minimum bidding size 125 acre (rent is ₹100-500 per acre). Company
will not have to pay rent for the past 5 yrs (since Making the wasteland cultivable takes a lot of time & investment).
Subsidy for setting up micro irrigation and Solar plants. Only fruit vegetable and medicinal plant will be allowed- since
India is already having excess production of rice/wheat. Model is copied from Uzbekistan.
Atmanirbhar - mean self-sufficiency / self-reliance - putting more barriers to international trade - not consistent with
the idea of globalisation. We should focus on Atma Vishwasi Bharat - Self-confident India. -Instead of offering tax and
subsidy benefits to MNCs to shift their factories from China to India, we should try to develop our own global brands.
We have proved this with vaccine development, now time to prove it in other sectors. Although both citizen and
government also need to show confidence in Indian companies-Instead of having cynicism like Pfizer vaccine safer than
Bharat Biotech.
Commerce Ministry → DPIIT → National startup Advisory Council. 28 non official members from various startup
company, Chairman is Commerce Minister.
G-20’s brainchild Financial Stability board (HQ: BASEL) asked countries to identify Systemically Important Financial
institutions and put framework to reduce risk in them. Since 2015, annually RBI identifies banks that ‘too big to fail’ (-if
they fail, it’ll severely hurt the economy)’ and labels them as Domestic Systematic Important Banks (D-SIB), & orders
them to keep additional capital & technical norms. List unchanged for 2021- SBI, ICICI, HDFC.
Once Upon a time many Bollywood actors/actresses said they would not do scenes/dialogues, which will make their
kids uncomfortable, yet, today, use very obscene language & scenes in web-series & agree to do the scenes which
disrespect religion, SC/ST. Similar falling ethical standard among sr. journalist, sr. politicians, sr. sportspersons,
Prominent youtubers/Instagram influencers promoting betting gambling Bitcoin type apps- Perhaps because they are
unable to maintain the extravagant lifestyle costs & property loans in Corona. So, financial planning & parsimony is also
imp for an ethical/dignified life.
Vaccine Maitri/diplomacy : Indian govt sending corona vaccine first to Bhutan Maldives then
Bangladesh,Nepal,Myanmar, Seychelles, SriLanka, Afghanistan and Mauritius etc Neighbouring countries.
Death: Dr.V.Shanta noted Oncologist / Cancer research, Tamilnadu. Nobel winner scientists S Chandrasekhar and C V
Raman were her relatives .
India cricket test match win at Australia but this is not some MCQ worthy-tournament like World Cup, Ashes etc.
Purchase of real estate is a contract - Concurrent List.Union's Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act (RERA)
2016 to protect the home/office buyers, requiring Builder to register the project with the state RERA authority etc. 😰
Challenges? Some states are yet to implement the law / appoint the authority / setup the website. West Bengal
connected its own State Law without taking assent from President- violation of Art 254- Case in Supreme Court.
Lèse-majesté a French term "to do wrong to majesty"- In Thailand even the smallest criticism of the Royal family can
invite very harsh punishment. A woman given 43 years jail for her social media posts. India has much more freedom of
speech available.
Corona: Lakshadweep reports first corona virus case in 2020-Jan!
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Space Technology startup Devas Had signed a deal with Antrix (a company of ISRO) to receive S-Band
spectrum. Allegations of corruption so Govt cancelled deal, American Court order ISRO to pay $1.2 billion to Devas.Now
Govt to shutdown this Devas company- as per Section 271 of Companies Act "If a company was set up for fraudulent
purpose is then Union govt can approach NCLT to shut it down".
Economic Survey 2016-17 suggested setting up a “Public Sector Asset Rehabilitation Agency” (PARA)/Bad Bank to buy
NPA/Bad loan papers from PSBs, To clean up their balance sheet. Counter? Taxpayers money for RBI dividend money
will be wasted in paying up the losses. This "band-aid" will not systematically address the NPA.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ NCLAT ruling to IBC offers| Technical Amendments to Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) Act to help them
issue NCDs, Decriminalizing various offences EoD.

Engineered carbon removal / Direct air capture: Using Giants fans to pull carbon dioxide from air and trap it. Criticism:
Useless-Startup-tamasha. Plant more trees, it will remove more Co2 than wasting Electricity to run the fans.
Telugu Poet Gurajada Appa Rao (1862-1915): Pm quoted some of his verses. “Give up some of your own
welfare/profit, to lend support to your neighbour. / Soil does not make a country, but it is people who do so.” Don’t
claim patriotism as virtue of you alone,/don’t boast of false claims./Resolve to do something good/and show that to
people around you.
Kerala and Tamilnadu- hardly 25% of priority groups took vaccines because they are "hesitant". As Health Secretary
(IAS) what will you do? Ans. 1) More IEC / awareness / fact-sharing required to dispel the hesitation. For that, engage
with Indian Medical Association, Doctor Associations, Nurse Association, Professor & principles of the medical & nursing
colleges, Religious leaders, Journalists, Citizen Groups, Celebrities, Social Media Influencers. Pre-recorded caller tunes,
messages on milk pouches etc. Newspaper & Social media campaigning: - It should be targeted and customised e.g.
different for poor people, different for doctors etc. 2) Avoid coercion 3) Avoid "i'll do it myself-I will call Every person, I
will design the social media poster my self" The role of officer is to delegate the work, not to do the work by himself,
else will not be able to focus on other tasks.
Israel traded its citizen medical data with Pfizer to obtain vaccine doses. Allegations of neglecting Palestine citizens in
vaccination drive.
Soft Diplomacy in Corona: India to send 20lakh vaccine to Bangladesh. Even Pakistan is considering to get Indian
vaccine.
Border issue: thousands of cattle of UP/Bihar/Haryana smuggled to Bangladesh via W.Bengal. BSF officials take ₹2000
bribe per cattle, ₹500 to Customs official- says CBI.
PM Modi was elected as Chairman of the Somnath Temple Trust, Gir Somnath District, Gujarat.
Rohit Chopra: India amedican head of US agency for consumer financial protection
Role of Media: Bombay HC in SSR case: Media trial when the media itself plays the role of investigator, prosecutor,
judge. Perception based blame game assigned to accused, if police not instantly arrest the accused then channels
blame corruption / biasedness.- shakes junta confidence in police. IF accused person confession to police under
coercion or third degree torture, it's not admissible in the court, yet media publish it before real-trial. While Press
Council of India (PCI) guidelines are not applicable on TV news but until a separate regulator or guidelines are formed,
Bombay HC ordered TV news channels to follow PCI.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Expectation from budget, New trains to connect Statue of Unity

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Nomura India Normalization Index (NINI)- Prepared by an international organisation to find economic
recovery in India- hinting "K shaped recovery" so, budget should give more funds to sectors that are yet to recover.
Work life balance: E-Commerce and gig workers in China: "996 culture" - they've to work 9AM to 9PM 6 days a week.-
even though Chinese labour laws mandate a maximum 8 hours per day. Boss cut salaries If deadlines not met, Package
not delivered to customer on time,Customer gives negative review etc. ⏫Incidents of stress related deaths, suicide,
Knife attack.
Volcanic eruption at Indonesia’s Mount Semeru
Privacy: Before signing up for the online account, user has to click "I agree" with company's Privacy policy user terms
and conditions. But 1) they are written in such complex manner, most simply click yes. 2) Written exclusively in English
so Vernacular user cannot understand. ✅Soln: rating/labelling system e.g. FSSAI- green dot - veg, brown-non-veg.
Bureau of Energy Efficiency's energy star labelling system 1/5 star-less energy efficient Refrigerator. Similarly some
labelling system on the privacy policy Various companies. Create more awareness through Articles radio shows podcast
YouTube videos TV Advertisement. HOMEWORK: CA-PDF/Mains Type PDF compilation se 4-5 bullets prepare kro- 1)
Draft Data protection bill, 2) Niti aayog's data empowerment and protection architecture (DEPA), 3) Kris Gopalakrishnan
committee on using the non-personal data. 4) Economic Survey observations on Public Data- from Mrunal's Win20CSP
Series Pill5 Handout. (Mrunal.org/download)

5G 5th generation long term evolution (LTE) Mobile broadband: It has three spectrum bands 1) low frequency band-
greater coverage & Signal penetration, but max speed 100Megabits per second. 2) Mid-band: less coverage but faster
speed. 3) High-band spectrum: Fastest speed 20GigaBits per second but very low coverage & signal penetration.
G7- UK, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the USA, EU. Earlier it was G8 but Russia was expelled after
Annexation of crimea from Ukraine. G7 Annual Summit- 2019@Biarritz, France, Modi attended. 2020-USA but cancelled
by Corona, 2021: Cornwall,UK, Modi Invited. In the past ManMohan too attended summits.
Death: Ustad Ghulam Mustafa Hindustani classical vocalists from Rampur Sahaswan gharana.

NPA: Past economic survey had suggested setting up a bad bank that will buy bad loans from Public Sector Banks to
Absorb the losses and clean up their balance sheet using taxpayers money and money from RBI dividends. Previously,
RBI governors discarded it as an impracticable idea. But RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das says he is open to consider it.
Prarambh Startup India International Summit 2021: Indian Commerce ministry + BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for
Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) countries viz. Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri
Lanka & Thailand. PM announced ₹1000cr Startup India Seed Fund.
Italian American car maker Fiat Chrysler + Italian Car Marker Peugeot merged to become "Stellantis".
Dr Ketan Desai, former president of Medical Council of India (MCI) arrested on corruption charges- govt scrapped MCI
to setup National Medical Commission (NMC). He's among the 1st to receive Corona vaccine shots in Gujarat. is this
right/wrong? Ans. Officer/Hospital administrator needs to go by rules- 1st priority to doctors & senior citizens-he'd tick
both columns. Impartial & objective application of rules without bringing personal emotions/opinions. Shd Fodder scam
convict Lalu Yadav be given First priority in vaccination or not? Ans. Yes. Senior citizen comorbidity. Rhea Chakraborty
be given a vaccine or not? Ans. Go as per priority list rules.

International Film Festival of India (IFFI) jointly organized by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting with Goa State
Govt @Panaji. Films' country in focus Bangladesh. India and Bangladesh co producing a movie Bangabandhu 100th
anniversary of the first President of Bangladesh Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. ‘Lifetime Achievement’ award to Italian
cinematographer Vittorio Storaro. Bengali Singer/Actor Biswajit Chatterjee awarded ‘Indian Personality of the Year’.
Book: The Making of Aadhaar:World’s Largest Identity Platform by Ram Sewak Sharma- the first DG of UIDAI
Book: Chipko Movement - a people's history by Historian Shekhar Pathak.
Coalition Govt - they tend to be more 'reformist' but also full of scams to placate all groups. PM Rao (1991-1996): 1995
was the year of scams: 1) Godman / Tantrik Chandra Swami alleged involvement in the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi &
FERA violations. 2) Sugar import scam - Food minister had to resign 3) Telecom scam -Telecom minister has to resign
4) Jain brothers diary Hawala transfer to to various politicians 5) Purulia Arms dropping- AK47 were dropped allegedly
to arm the Anti-left groups in Bengal & create disruption to impose President rule. Later accused foreign Agents were
freed due to pressure from Russia.
Pressure groups: USA National Rifle Association (NRA)- Provides political financing/ Election funding esp to Republican
leaders to prevent gun control laws. NRA has filed Chapter 11 Bankruptcy to dissolve the company. May pave way for
stricter gun controls laws due to ⏬ election funding by this lobby.
Social Media: Uganda had blocked social media ahead of the election to prevent fake news. President Yoweri Museveni-
Re-elected continuously for 35 years. Opposition parties allege election was rigged, Social media block helped him hide
election irregularities!
2014: P J Nayak Committee Suggested government to create a banking investment company (BIC) and transfer shares
of public sector banks in BIC for 1) professional management 2) easier Disinvestment and privatisation of PSB. Now
speculation that it should be done budget. NOTIMP until it's done/proposed by Economic Survey.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Kerala state budget -Social welfare pension ₹1600, Subsidised laptops to weaker section etc.
Himachal & Hilly States- the traditional engineering solutions for sewage management don't work due to Gradient,
topography. Sesmic activities- undeground sewage pipes broken → toilet waste mixing with groundwater → Hepatitis
and Jaundice. "Decentralized location specific Civic Engineering solutions required"
Kambala (Karnataka buffalo race). Jallikattu (TN Bull Taming Sport). Cruelty to animals. But the respective state
governments made laws to continue 'cultural tradition'.
Houbara Bustard: 1) North Africa 2) Asia → Pakistan, India. Earlier PakSC banned the hunting but then lifted since
PakGovt argued 1) Arab Princes pay money 2) Required to keep good relations with Middle East Nations.
Cancel the Republic Day parade to save money and protect soldiers from Corona? (Col p10, C.Uday Bhaskar)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Watching horror movie increases psychological resilience against pandemic
Earthquake: Mamuju-Sulawesi, Indonesia

1992: Open Skies Treaty (OST) signed between NATO and Warsaw Pact countries to monitor/spy each other's territory
through unarmed aeroplanes. 2020-Nov: USA withdrew, 2021-Jan: Russia withdrew Because USA withdrew.
⚾️📻⚾️ TRP Scam Arnab WhatsApp messages LEAKED.
Gujarat Disturbed Areas Act 1991- Area having a history of communal tension then person has to to seek permission of
district collector/DM (IAS) before selling the house. Permission may not be given if Hindu selling house to Muslim or
vice versa. Recall other powers of IAS 1) land grabbing prohibition Act 2) CrPC bond for good behavior of
rioters/protestors/habitual offenders.
Sci-Hub & Libgen Sites for e-book/research paper download. Delhi High Court case about their piracy / copyright
violation. Some researchers find counter petition that poor country students can't afford books otherwise. Previously
similar matter in DU Photocopy /Oxford Coursepack xerox case & "Fair use" for educational purpose. let the final
verdict come.
Ultra processed food: Soft drinks, packed bread, chips, ice cream, cake, Instant noodles etc, They lack vitamins,
minerals, micronutrients such as Vit E, Zinc, Selenium, protein etc. Corona vaccine will not give good results in such a
person. India- Kids in both poor families and posh families lack it. Ultra Processed food should be taxed more, regulate
its advertizement similar to tobacco, to ⏬ consumption.
Herd immunity: When large number of people become infected/Vaccinated Then the virus spread chain will get broken
and then if a person 'not-vaccinated' / 'not-immune' will also be protected. Indian Express column Suggesting India to
reach this stage by June 2021.
Us Trade Representative Office (USTR): Notorious market list -Places where pirated or counterfeit American brand
goods are sold. Snapdeal, Mumbai, Dehi added.
PPP: Adani had won bid / Concession agreement to operate Ahmedabad,Lucknow,Mangalore, Jaipur, Guwahati,
Thiruvananthapuram etc Airports. Records should Some officials has expressed reservation that it does not have
sufficient technical experience yet the approval given, creating "Geographical monopoly" in Airports.
Clinical Trial Liability Insurance: General Insurance Cover to protect the pharmaceutical company if volunteer patient
suffers damage/death in clinical trials.
Companies Act: Big companies are required to spend 2% of Last three years average profit in corporate social
responsibility (CSR). ₹₹ Spent on Corona vaccine awareness will also be counted.
Bureaucratic Apathy: Special olympic cyclist Rajvir (Punjab) dies of brain infection. Won 2 gold, State Govt promised to
give ₹30lakh in 2015 but never received, Hospital expenses were mounting due to poverty. Whereas, if celebrity has
large followers on Twitter his/her grievances are immediately redressed.
Social media: Indonesia- Instagram influencers given 1st Corona vaccine, along with doctors to dispel the Religious
fears among citizens. Pig haram in Islam but Pig geletin used as Stabilizer in the vaccine.
Indonesian island Sulawesi. Cave painting of pigs found. May be world's oldest.
UK's Royal Institute of International Affairs- published a report: India Russia Turkey and Saudi Arabia are the 'difficult
4' nations that will be awkward counterparts to 'Global Britain'.Thus, Western liberal world order yet to free itself from
the Imperial bias / hierarchical version of internationalism / Unable to accept / jealous of the rising power of India in
world order.
Army Day is celebrated on 15th January since 1949 to commemorate the day of taking over command of the Indian
Army by Field Marshal K M Carriappa, the first Indian Commander-in-Chief from Gen Butcher, the last British
Commander-in-Chief.
SC Appointed Farm-law Committee member Bhupinder Singh Mann, president of All India Kisan Coordination
Committee recused/exists citing 'I'm with farmers'.
Corona Vaccine: Brazil is the first country where India is exporting 2 million doses.

Corona India vaccine guidelines: Serum Institute (Covishield) & Bharat Biotech(Covaxin) at +2 to +8C. ✋Who will NOT
get? younger than 18 years. Pregnant or lactating women. Allergic reaction to vaccine, pharma, food. If Person infected
with Corona then only take 4-8 weeks post-recovery. ✅Who can take? Person with Cardiac disease HIV & other
comorbidities. Possible adverse reactions? headache; fatigue; myalgia (deep muscle pain);malaise(a feeling overall
discomfort); pyrexia (an abnormal elevation of body temperature); chills;arthralgia(pain in joint).
⚾️📻⚾️RBI allows UCBs to refund share capital to members
From 2020-Jan: sebi's new Mutual fund risk-O-meter: 6 risk levels — low, low to moderate, moderate, moderately high,
high, and very high. Help the investor Make an informed decision.
Karuna Abhiyan-2021: Gujarat govt initiative to save the lives of bird who get injured by kite flying (13k birds rescued
last year!).Helpline number 1962
UGANDA BANNED social media ahead of election to prevent fake news and targeted ads!
PARLER, A social network site/app popular among Trump supporters banned from App stores.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋NSA visiting Afghanistan. Let some substantial agreement come
Department of Defence Research and Development (DRDO) → Aeronautical Development Agency designed Light
combat aircraft (LCA) Tejas MK-1A → Manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL). Govt to buy 83 such planes
@48000cr.
Book: Ten Lessons For a Post-Pandemic World by Fareed Zakaria

Special Marriage Act 1954: Inter-faith couples need to give 30-day public notice before marriage- displayed at the
office of the marriage officer. Violates 1) Right to privacy 2) equality before law because If couple marrying under
Hindu/Muslim personnel laws they Don't have to give such public notice! So, Allahabad HC say no longer necessary.
Auctioning off Gram Panchayat seats: A few influential villagers ask candidates to contribute money for a common
cause e.g. construction of a temple, or expansion of a school etc -The one who committs maximum money is given a
green signal to contest. The remaining candidates "quietly managed” to withdraw Nomination papers. State Election
Commission cancels Maharashtra Panchang polls in some villagers as a result.
Parliament challenges: 1) winter session cancelled by Corona so not enough debate on Personal Data Protection Bill,
2019, Dam Safety Bill, 2019, Medical Termination of Pregnancy Amendment Bill, 2020, Anti-Maritime Piracy Bill, 2019,
Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Bill, 2019. 2) No of bills referred to the department related standing committee
for detailed scrutiny 15th LS (71%), 16th LS (0%) 3) Even in budget many demand for grants are fast without
discussion 4) MPLADS scheme frozen by Corona. 5) PM CARES funds Out of Parliament scrutiny
Corina Vaccination Challenges: 1) Phase 3 trial not submitted so doubts over 'efficacy'. Chinese Sinovac efficacy rate is
hardly 50%. WHO requires 78% 2) Side Effects if person having diabetes, hypertension, cancer lung disease -To
prevent allergic reaction3) Smuggling vaccines in blackmarket private clinics by showing bogus beneficiaries in govt
clinics. 4) Rich people should be allowed to buy Pfizer vaccine from 'open market' (else will encourage black marketing
from govt hospitals). 5) National Health id linked with Aadhar 6) should give low priority to small towns where the
infection rate very low e.g. Arunanchal. 7) TB & HIV-AIDS surveillance dropped to 50% Due to Vaccination and bird flu
duty 8) On 28th day, person must come for 2nd shot but Villager lack awareness and they may go to some different
Centre where different companies' vaccines may be given.
immune system releases Antibodies de → bind to the surface structures of bacteria or viruses and prevent their
replication. Nanobodies - Can be produced in lab and injected for better result than antibodies.
MICE Tourism: Meetings, incentives, conferences & exhibitions. Benefit? 1) Biz investment / Import export deals 2) Soft
Diplomacy & Development loans: e.g. African Development Bank (AfDB)'s annual summit held in Mahatma Mandir, Guj
(2017). 3) People2People connect 4) Income from event management. So, Guj govt to lease land to builders for
Creating such large seminar halls with 15% subsidy, ₹ 5000 subsidy for every Foreign MICE tourist, 6 month stipend
for tourist guides etc in its new State tourism policy (2021-2025).

Share repurchase / buyback - company itself buys its share from its investors. Then such shares are removed from the
balance sheet so in future no need to pay a dividend. GAIL & Other govt cos undergoing disinvestment in this route.
Houbara Bustard bird: Pak PM gives hunting permit to Dubai Royals for money.
12 January the birthday of Swami Vivekananda- celebrated as National Youth Day since mid-80s. Today Every 5th
young person in the world is Indian. Quotes: 1) “Arise, awake and stop not till the goal is reached" 2) “Until you can
trust yourself, you cannot trust Allah or God.” 3) “Vishwabandhutva”, tolerance, cooperativeness, participation,
nationalism, collective India-Indianness. 4) "The more we come to help and help others, the more pure our heart
becomes. Such. Problems of modern Indian youth 1) Digital Zombies- Instead of dying at border fighting terrorists,
they're dying by accidently falling in canals while taking selfies 2) Socio religious issues: Either intolerance or apathy 3)
Brain Drain 4) Drugs etc.
India @UNSC: Pak giving 5star treatment to 1993 Mumbai Blast terrorist Dawood Ibrahim.
USA Govt List of country that sponsor terrorism- Iran, North Korea,Syria, Cuba.

Supreme Court suspended 3 farm laws & appoints a committee to give solution within 2 months. 1) Ashok Gulati,
Agricultural Economist, ex-chief of Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP, which decides MSP); 2)
Bhupinder Singh Mann 3) Pramod Kumar Joshi, 4) Anil Ghanwat. Criticism? 1) Farmers & Opposition parties are
opposed because committee members already have pro-government view that farm laws are beneficial. 2) SC stayed a
law without proper hearing to examine its constitutionality Of a law passed by Parliament 3) Court’s job is not to
mediate a political dispute by forming a Committee. SC should only see if law is Constitutional or Ultra Vires Yes/No?
Corona vaccine price per doze: Pfizer 1500, Moderna: 2500, Chinese Sinopharm: 5000, Russian Sputnik V: 700, On the
other hand Indian: Bharat Biotech Covaxin & Serum Institute of India's Covishield cost less than 300. Just like cost-
effective Mars mission by ISRO, India has developed Cost effective vaccines for the world.
Corona: Railway maintenance staff, driver, Ticket checker, station officers, Railway Protection Force, constables etc
'Frontline workers ' So will be given vaccine on priority.
Corona: If person recovered from corona then also he's how positive antibody test. But in that case It does not mean
they are currently infected. Context? Some controversy about preventing Saina Nehwal from participating in Bangkok
badminton tournament.
25 to 37 GHz frequency millimetre band: extremely high-frequency frequency spectrum for airport security
scanners,CCTV, scientific research, machine-to machine communication, military etc. DoT considering whether this
band shd be given for 5G auction.
⚾️📻⚾️1st national toy fair by the Textile Ministry with help of Edu Ministry in Feb-March. Let it get concluded | RBI's
Financial Stability Report.
Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972- Protected Areas in four 4 categories -- 1) 101 National Parks 2) 553 Wildlife Sanctuaries
3) 86 Conservation Reserves 4) 163 Community Reserves - 5% of Total area. Environment ministry's Management
Effectiveness Evaluation (MEE) of Protected area report 2021: Best performers 1) HP's Tirthan Wildlife Sanctuary &
Great Himalayan National Park ... Most Bogus ZZ) Turtle wildlife sanctuary, UP.
Graduate Record Examination (GRE) Fore College admission in in USA and Canada. Its organizers Complaint to
Education Ministry about cheating in 'at home exam' during Corona.
18-19th Century USA/France: 'sale/auction' of Public offices/post. UK "Inheritance system". Even today USA
'Spoils/Patronage System' - After every election 10,000 Senior Civil Servants replaced based on winner's party. Modern
India 1) shooter Vartika Singh complained Minister Smriti Irani demanding money to make her a member of the
National Woman Commission. 2) Bengaluru Astrologer arrested for taking 8cr from Ex-Judge to make her a member of
a High level body. Difficult to expect public offices to function in honest and impartial manner.
National Sovereignty encroached by Foreign Intervention 1) Canadian PM on Indian farmer protests 2) USA in Korea,
Vietnam, Afghanistan, Iraq 3) Russia in Afghanistan, Crimea 4) China- Nepal, SriLanka, Tibet, HongKong, Taiwan,
Maldives, Vietnam 5) India- East Bangladesh (1971), SriLanka (IPKF/LTTE). “organised hypocrisy”. All powers — big
and small — frequently violated the principle of sovereignty. External intervention rarely succeeds & produces
unintended consequences sequences that acquire a life of their own. e.g. USA: Afghanistan Laden 9/11. The pressure
for external intervention often comes from major domestic constituencies (e.g. India: W.Bengal, Tamilnadu), Canada-
Sikh vote bank. India should not jump into every internal conflict of a small neighbour, nor we can stand apart. But
difficult to guide a single policy for this, given the political compulsions- but we should keep mutual trust, mutual
interest| respect | sensitivity. (Rajamohan, p9)
Navy Exercise 1) Sea Vigil 2021 for coastal security 2) TROPEX- Theatre level readiness operational exercise -
Conducted every2yrs
Air India's Captain Zoya Aggarwal: longest 17 hour flight from San Francisco to Bengaluru via North Pole
If a law violates the basic principles of constitution, SC can can strike it down as ultra vires e.g. National judicial
appointments Commission (NJAC). Until such a decision is made the court may also suspend / stay the law from
execution. But very few such instances where SC "stayed" a law eg. Tobacco Regulation Act was done. But SC did not
entertain such demands in CAA 2019 Act, or Prevention of atrocities act amendment 2018 or Aadhar Act. 2020-Jan:
Supreme Court says if govt cannot handle the farmers' protest, It may stay the farm laws.
Coups (-sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power) require 1) Military tacit Support (e.g. Pakistan Musharraf,Libya
Gaddafi) 2) Mob of Supporters (Trump tried) 3) Corrosion of Judiciary, Bureaucracy, Media & Opposition party (Indira
Gandhi's national emergency- to illegally remain in power).
⚾️📻⚾️Central Vista project to have underground "people mover" transit system for employees and visitors. | Less
number of house session because of Corona⏬accountability
Andhra HC suspends SEC notification for panchayat poll bcoz State government worried about Corona safety
⚾️📻⚾️Corona 1) Union to pay for the first 3 cr vaccine shots 2) 2009's Nobel Biologist Venkataraman Ramakrishnan
apprehensive of the Fast Track approval given to vaccines by lowering clinical trial standards.
Corona Vaccination Dry Run/Mock Drill problems: 1) Many villages/ beneficiaries not shown in Co-WIN App/Portal. Then
difficult to keep track of adverse / side effects, Keeping track of second shot. 2) PHC crowd⏫-staff ⏬focus on Polio,
child deliveries, TB/HIV Related routine work.
86% Indian farmers land size less than 2ht. 55% workers in agriculture (Census 2011)/45% workers in agriculture
(latest labour bureau survey). Water intensive crops: sugar (2000lt/kg), rice (5000lt/kg).
⚾️📻⚾️Next budget to focus on expenditure to boost growth, Yes Bank scam
eIA: e-Insurance account: Online repository where customers digitally store their insurance policies bought from
various companies - just like shares stored in digitally in DEMAT accont. Corona: ⏫in such accounts. e.g. NSDL's
National Insurance Repository (NIR).
Pandemic an opportunity to reform the school administration: Corona-income⏬ lower-middle class families shifting
children from pvt schools to govt schools. Construct clean toilets, drinking water, library, computer lab, playground
while the students are away in lockdown. Reform the textbooks/syllabus to make learning fun & engaging. ⏫Mixed age
group classes/activities to ⏫ cooperation, group work, compassion, human dignity & plurality of opinions
Vehicle pollution: Corporate Average Fuel efficiency (CAFE-2) regulations from 2022 & BS-VI stage-II norms from Apr
2023. Automobile companies want govt to defer the deadlines to 2024 to cover up the losses in Corona.
Indian cricket team refuses to play until the racist abuser crowd removed from the stadium in Sydney. Necessary to
raise the voice against injustice, Exploitation, humiliatiation- Else it strengthens the perpetrators - whether sexual
harassment, casteist abuse, bullying, trolling or intolerance.
today's reality, thinking in terms of 'myself, my family, my nation' has become unrealistic. An individual's future is now
linked to the entire humanity and planet. Happier humanity & a healthier world requires global cooperation- Dalai
Lama.
Austria labour Minister resigns over allegations of Plagiarism in her PhD thesis. Highest standards of ethics and morality
required in Indian politics.
British Prince Harry & wife Meghan Markle quit Twitter and Facebook to focus on progressive role in America.
lithium resources found in Karnataka’s Mandya district's Marlagalla-Allapatna region's igneous rocks.
Gas pipeline from Kochi (Kerala) to Mangaluru (Karnataka) to deliver liquefied natural gas (LNG) to Kerala, by Gail
Authority of India Limited (GAIL)- PM to Inaugurate. Public protest because they fear it will explode someday.
Home Ministry's "Police K9 Journal” to share best practices of training dog squads- Detecting narcotic drugs, explosives,
Cancer, Corona.
Death: Indian-American novelist Ved Mehta, known for 12 volume Autobiography "continents of exile"
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋IBC 'pre-packs' for faster resolution. Let it be notified.| Bitcoin price rise
PMLA: KYC must for purchase of gold, silver jewellery or precious stones above ₹2l
Case Study: Airline Pilot makes a Derogatory tweet against Prime Minister. As CEO, what will you do? Ans. CEO's
responsibility to ensure profitability of company for well-being of other employees and shareholders. Already airline
industry suffering in Corona, if PM-fans boycott the airline- further losses harming all employees & shareholders.
Freedom of speech does not include the right to abuse. Suspend pilot till he deletes tweet, offers public apology.
Update the service conduct rules for the airline employees' behavior in social media.
Twitter banned US President Donald Trump after the Capitol Hill riots. BJP leaders oppose "Tech firms new oligarchs -
dangerous precedent against Free speech." Counter-Inciting rioting is not free speech. Although more transparency
required for uniform application of rules.
Duties of Legislator: Participate in every debate, make meaningful contributions without disrupting the house
proceedings. Constructive debates, informed opposition. Legislative house is only as good as its members. So
legitimacy of the house and its members interdependent on each other. They draw sustenance from each other.
Legislator should gain respect through 6 C’s of connecting with people, conduct, character, commitment, capacity and
communication.- Venkaiah Naidu.

Disaster management: Hospital fires in Maharashtra, 10 babies dead. Earlier repeated instances in Gujarat. What will
you do as Municipal commissioner (IAS)? Crony capitalism / profiteering ke liye Fire safety norms are ignored. Regular
Fire safety audit required. Fire extinguisher, fire alarm, Smoke detectors, Automatic Sprinkler, hosereel supply. short
circuit / Voltage fluctuation, Safety of oxygen cylinder, proper storage of extra bedsheet,gowns etc that catch fire.
Shortage of nurses/Support staff?, Holding the Civil surgeon/ Administration liable-Setting exemplary fines.
Indonesia: Laki Island plane crash.
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose- 125th Anniversary starting from 23rd Jan. PM headed Committee of 85 members To plan
yearlong celebration.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋new rules of H1B Visa.
Pravasi Bharatiya Divas to Commemorate 9th January, 1915 Gandhi returned from S.Africa to Bombay (India). Started
annually in 2003, converted into Bi-ennial since 2015. 2019 grant event @Varansi,UP, 2020-small event, 2021's Chief
Guest: Suriname President Chandrikapersad ‘Chan’ Santokhi. Virtual Summit, Delhi. Theme: "Contributing to
Aatmanirbhar Bharat. Organizer: Ministry of External Affairs.
Death: ex-Union External minister and Gujarat ex-CM Madhav Singh Solanki of Congress (1927-2021).

Corona: Vaccination to start from January 16th for Covishield (Oxford AstraZeneca-SII) & Covaxin (Bharat Biotech).
Registration based on voter list, Monitoring through CO-WIN webplatorm. Priority: 1) 3 crore Health workers and
Frontline workers 2) Over 50, Under 50 with comorbidities. 3) Geographical prioritization to vulnerable States Kerala &
MH. 3 key principles: 1) utilising experience of elections (booth strategy); 2) experience from the Polio/Universal
Immunisation Program (UIP) 3) people’s participation (Jan Bhagidari). | DM(IAS) to select sites-100 shots per day.
Power ministry to ensure electricity supply to vaccine sites. Aviation & Railway ministry to look after Logistics. Labour
Ministry to deliver via ESIC hospitals. Home ministry / police department for security & crowd management. Defence
ministry for delivering in border areas, using ex-serviceman for Vaccine duty. Education Ministry to spread awareness.
Panchayati Raj ministry to tieup with PRIs etc.
Food & Agriculture Organisation (FAO, UN Specialized Agency, HQ-Roma, Italy, 1945)'s food price index highest since
2014. Reason: 1) Corona supply chain disruptions 2) Dry weather in Thailand, Brazil, Argentina ⏬agro production 3)
China ⏫imports to stockpile food against pandemic and geo-political tensions. 4) Central banks' low interest policies →
cheap money flowing into Agri-commodity exchange speculation.

Uttarakhand villages have a tradition that liquor is given as a gift for the Volunteers who help in wedding preparation/
card distribution etc. But it resulted in in increased domestic violence and drunken fights. So, Ratir Kethi village
Panchayat passed a resolution that no one will be served liquor at wedding ceremony. No villager has opposed the
move. Lesson: Gandhi-ji's Gram Swaraj, Community participation necessary for success of any reform.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋WhatsApp new privacy policy your data may be shared with Facebook for personalized ads.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋USA H1B visa rules updates, Trump not the 1st president to boycott inauguration, Zaki-ur-Rehman Lakhvia
given 15 yrs jail,
India Sri Lanka: 1) Sri Lanka's 13th Constitutional Amendment 1987- devolution of powers to Tamil minority but 2020-
their Sinhalese political leader say 'it can't be fully implemented'. 2) India-Japan want to develop a terminal @Colombo
port not much success while China playing String of pearls 3) Sri Lanka wants 1 billion dollar currency swap agreement
but India not yet signed. 4) Although India to provide Corona vaccines to Sri Lanka
KAMAL Hasan’s party, Makkal Needhi Maiam, promised salaries to housewives. NSO survey: men spend 1.5 hrs in
unpaid domestic work, while women 5 hrs/day. Women's financial autonomy ⏬tolerance to domestic violence. Need
the right to reside in a marital home. More legal clarity of Streedhan, Haq Meher, Daughters right over ancestral
property. (Column p8)
Disaster management act: Union ordered max 50% occupancy in Cinema halls due2 Corona, but TN State allowed
100% for populism & economic consideration. But, Madras HC stopped. W.Bengal too exploring 100% occupancy for
Kolkata International Film Festival (KIFF).
Bird Flu/Avian Influenza/H5N1: 1st found: China Geeze Bird (1996), India Maharashtra's Nadurbar (2006). Can spread
from birds to humans but not if meat/egg cooked beyond 70 Degrees.
GDP: MOSPI → National Statistical Office (NSO): 1st Advance Estimates of GDP: 204Lcr (2019-20) → ⏬195Lcr (2020-
21)- Growth -7.7%(2020-21). Last Year +4.2%. Advance estimates are prepared using 7 months data. Notable Types
of Recoveries: V, U, W, K.

US Trade Representative’s office (USTR) section301 to investigate issues that harm American companies. India-
Equalisation levy/tax on digital advertising cos (Google, Facebook), Later expanded Digital Entertainment/Subscription
Service providers like (Netflix), And Digital eCommerce companies (Adobe, Microsoft, Sony PlayStation etc) USA says
such "Digital taxes" harm American cos, May retaliate against France, India, Italy, Turkey.
Petrol all time high at ₹84.2in Delhi. While the international crude oil price has remained low but Union 62% Excise and
State 57% VAT, they keep ⏫it to cover tax losses in Corona hence expensive 😰😰
Regulation "S": Shares or bonds offered outside USA by non-USA companies, then American-SEBI's rules don't apply.
SBI issued such bonds in London. but microscopic Share market GKNOTIMP.
Agri Ministry → Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) → National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases
@Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Investigating the outbreak of Avian influenza in Gujarat.
Death: Indian Fashion designer Satya Paul died in TN.
Tesla electric Vehicle founder Elon Musk is world's richest man - Bloomberg ranking
Comparing constitution: Trump supporters attack USA Congress/Parliament (Capitol Building, Washington), After he
refuses to accept the defeat in election & incites mob to do so. His social media accounts blocked, Speculations about
impeachment under 25th Amendment wherein VP & Cabinet can move motion to impeach President. Police accused of
not taking action on time. World leaders including Modi express concerns, USA may be the oldest democracy but India
is the greatest democracy.
Constitution article 179(C): Removal & Resignation of State Assembly Speaker and deputy speaker. Motion to remove
Kerala Vidhan Sabha speaker because of his alleged ties with gold smugglers.

Constitution Article 191(1)(e): MP/MLA/MLC disqualified qualified under the 10th Schedule cannot re-contest during the
term for which he was elected. Yet, Politicians change the parties & then recontestStory under a new party. SC Petition.
IPC section 295A: when Freedom of speech hurting religious sentiments. Invoked against comedians.
J&K Reorganisation Act, 2019. → Ordinance to merge Jammu and Kashmir cadre IAS, IPS and IFS officers with that of
Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Mizoram and Union Territory (AGMUT) cadre.
Karnataka State Brahmin Development Board-Arundhati scheme: poor Brahmin women given ₹25k for marriage.
Maitreyi scheme: ₹3L for marrying poor priests. Gujarat also has a Corporation for Unreserved community Educational
and economic development (Bin Anamat Nigam).
IRDAI std home insurance policy (Bharat Griha Raksha) against natural calamity. Similar for MSME factories. IRDAI
Ordered insurance companies to have similar "Standard" templates for insurance products to make it easier for
customers to compare policies.
DoT to auction 4g spectrum in the 700,800, 900,1800,2100,2300,2500 MHz
⚾️📻⚾️1966: No chief guest in 26th January parade because of the demise of PM Lal Bahadur Shastri. 2021: UK PM
Boris Johnson not attending due to Mutant Coronavirus. Sometimes the chief guest is changed after previous person is
unable to attend e.g. 2013- Oman Sultan couldn't come so Bhutan King came as replacement. etc. BUT KBC-GK
NOTIMP
2017: Saudi (Sunni) & its allies cut Diplomatic ties with Qatar (Capital: Doha) for 1) Extremist groups 2) Qatar's closer
ties with Iran (Shia). 2021: Now again restored the diplomatic ties- although with condition to Shut down Al Jazeera
news channel, Downgrade ties with Iran (Capital Tehran)
Hybrid chess: 1 player with physical chess board, 2nd player playing via online mode.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Supreme court notice on love Jihad laws in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. (Let the final verdict come)

Personal data protection / digital privacy: 1) by 2025, Indian people's personal data will be worth $1 trillion. 2) Anti-
CAA protests and the Delhi riots- Police identified 1,100 people through facial recognition technology- CCTV footage,
Driving licence, Aadhar card, Voter id card etc. 3) Arogya Setu app for contact tracing- Controversy about who can
access the data. 4) Data protection bill 2019: Setting up of data protection authority (DPA) but does not have clear
provision to appoint any judicial members / subject experts etc. Need to ensure it does not become an Orwellian State.
G Kishan Reddy Panel (MoS, Home) for preservation of Ladakh’s land, culture and language & inclusion in 6th Schedule
of the Constitution.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Saurabh Yadav horizontal / vertical reservation case - already learned.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Women Safety/ Empowerment: 1) Germany- Listed companies need to have at least one woman board
member -India already have similar provision in Companies Act 2) Iran new law against Sexual harassment of women
(But details not yet known)
Agro Research & Development (R&D) neglected in India. Less than 1% of GDP spent on it. China uses less water than
India for agriculture at their per hectare productivity is 2-3x more. 20-30% of crop loss due to pests & weeds. All
farmers can't afford pesticides. We need Agro-R&D for Low input high output agriculture in Cereal, millets, pulses, oil-
seeds. current debates on agriculture are centred on MSP, selling, debt waivers, cash transfer etc but Debate on R&D
missing from political discourse. (Column, p8)
Dept of animal husbandry's Rashtriya Kamdhenu Aayog to hold Kamdhenu Gau-Vigyan Prachar- Prasar Pareeksha
(National cow science exam)
Digital payment is not Panacea for financial inclusion: NPCi's Aadhaar enabled payment system(AEPS) to credit
MGNREGA wages, Subsidy, Scholarship etc directly into beneficiary account but (1) Data entry error in bank account
number / Aadhar number - Rs not transferred Add beneficiary has to run from pillar to post to get justice (2) All rural
traders do not accept digital payments so cash is required. (3) But, banks in rural area understaffed & overcrowded so
poor need to waste 4-8 hrs just to wait in queue. (3) Passbook not updated so, frauds/scams. (4) Digital literacy,
middlemen doing Jharkhand scholarship scams etc. (Column, p8)
RBI's (1) Payment infrastructure development fund (PDIF) to subsidize digital payment infra in Tier-3 to Tier-6 cities.
(2) Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) system Compulsory for transactions of ₹50cr& above. LEI is like a Global Aadhar Card
number for companies.
Demography: S.Korea population ⏬due2 1) Young South Korean have no confidence that life will get better,
unemployment, houses too expensive. 2) Women pursuing higher education/careers. so, young people remain
single/marry very late with no kids. Govt offering financial incentives $274 per new child per month yet not much
improvement.
Sports ethics: Doping in Russia, Match fixing/betting, Sexual exploitation of USA Gymnasts, Football violence in Europe,
Gender bias in awards money in Tennis & chess etc, Money laundering in IPL, BCCI non-transparent, Conflict of
interest-Indian cricketers invested in firms that have biz dealing with BCCI, Politicized sporting federations, Cricket
BHAKT culture preventing debate on ethics, etc
“For online learning, it's a matter of effort. One has to be self motivated. All online education material is available round
the-clock." Guj Govt reply in HC to IIM-A study about Govt school children suffering due to Corona.
Ethiopia wants to build Grand Renaissance Dam on Nile river- Africa’s biggest at 145m tall but Sudan & Egypt opposing
so Negotiations going on.
British PM Boris Johnson won't come as 26th Jan Republic Day chief guest due to mutant Corona virus. New guest yet
to be decided.
Separation of powers: Govt Central Vista project for building of new parliament & PM House/office etc. SC Petition that
1) Money should be spent in some other project for poverty/welfare (2)Environmental protection issues. SC says it is
beyond the judicial review powers of the court to examine this. If govt makes policy/scheme to construct a new
building then the Court cannot stop unless there is irreparable loss/unethical practices.
SC e-hearing done via VIDYO platform on National Informatics Centre (NIC) servers but Frequent server issues,
Supreme Court is upset
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority(APEDA), a Statutory body under
the commerce ministry has removed the word "Halal meat" from its 'Red Meat Manual.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 - owner's animal can be confiscated only after he is convicted in
the offence. But 2017's Govt rules Provide confiscation of animals even when trial is going on, & send them to
Gaushala. This is encouraging the anti social elements to loot cattle traders. SC asks govt to fix rules.
PM-Aasha: Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan - Was launched to fixed the limitations of minimum
support price (MSP). It has 3 components 1) Price Support Scheme (PSS) - Government to procure pulses & copra. 2)
Price Deficiency Payment Scheme (PDPS)- Farmer paid difference between MSP and market price 3) Private
Procurement & Stockist Scheme- Private Agencies to procure on behalf of govt.
Communication: Chicken sales lose 1.5 million $/day in India due to misinformation that it spreads coronavirus. Many
people are apprehensive about vaccine side effects and religious extremism. Vaccine communication model: 1)
Complacency-If people think that disease is not very harmful they will not take 2) Confidence against side effects 3)
Convenience in physical availability & price. (Column page 6)
India enters as elected/Non-permanent Member of UN Security Council (UNSC): Differences between Russia/China and
USA⏫. China's aggression at Indian borders, not allowing us to become members of nuclear suppliers group, blocking
India's resolution against Pakistani terrorists. So India need to⏫Relationships with Russia and Britain in order to
contain China within UNSC. 70% of UNSC Resolutions are related 2peace in Africa so India should use UNSC platform
to improve its relations with African Nations. (Rajamohan, p7)
Nancy Pelosi re-elected as US House Speaker
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Bengal special session to pass resolution against Centre’s 3 farm laws

Corona Vaccine mechanism 1) AstraZeneca and University of Oxford gave license to Pune's Serum Institute of
India(SII) for Covishield(AZD1222) → uses inactivated common cold chimpanzee virus. 2) Hyderabad's Bharat Biotech
with National Institute of Virology- "Covaxin"- uses inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus. Claim to work against mutated virus.
Khanij Bidesh India Ltd (2019) owned by NALCO, Hindustan Copper and Mineral Exploration Ltd- bought a lithium mine
in Argentina - 3rd largest reserve in the world to counter Chinese domination. Lithium required for rechargeable
batteries in electric vehicles, laptops and mobiles.
Decentralized procurement scheme in late 90s: State government procure the grains at minimum support price on
behalf of the union. Union had signed deal with Chhattisgarh State govt to get 24 lakhMT rice procured. Farmers still
bringing more rice, Chhattisgarh govt refusing to procure as quota is over.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Christchurch attacker visited Goa
China’s new defence law- ⏫powers of President to command the military, while ⏬powers of Premier (PM) & Cabinet.
Aim to build a fully modern military on par with the US by 2027, Government companies to to fund more defense
research, cybersecurity, space-war.
25th International Film Festival of Kerala (IFFK) in four different cities-Thiruvananthapuram, Ernakulam, Thalassery,
Palakkad
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Online sports gambling/Online Fantasy Sports Platforms (OFSPs) (finish it one time in from any CA-PDF)
Corona: Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) approved emergency use of Covishield and Covaxin but Expert
apprehensive due to lack of extensive recharge data.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Insurance ombudsman order on Bajaj Allianz to pay Covid Hospitalization bill, Trade deficit increasing
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Labour Ministry has issued draft model standing order for the services sector. Wait till it is finalized.
Sambalpur : Odisha- new IIM being opened here.
Aurangabad: MNC wants renamed to Sambhajinagar, Congress opposed.
USA's National Defence Authorisation Act (NDAA) 2021- includes a resolution urging

2015: Iran Nuclear deal prohibits Iran from uranium enrichment above 4%. Making a nuclear bomb requires 90% pure
Uranium. Iran plans to enrich the uranium to 20%, amidst assassination of its nuclear scientist allegedly by Israel.
Death: Buta Singh: Home minister in in Rajiv Gandhi govt, 8 time MP
UK Business Minister Alok Sharma resigned from minster post to focus on event management / chairmanship of UK's
United Nations COP26 climate change summit.
Book: I Am No Messiah by Sonu Sood & Meena K Iyer
Book: Vajpayee: The Years That Changed India By Shakti Sinha
#OrangeTheWorld UN's campaign to raise awareness on gender-based violence.
Corona: Pfizer, Moderna and AstraZeneca have clarified that pork products are not part of their Covid-19 vaccines. But
pork-derived gelatin has been widely used as a stabilizer to ensure vaccines remain safe and effective during storage
and transport. Islamic / Muslim Scholars differ on whether it's 'Haram Vaccine' or not?
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Draft Science Policy, 'One Nation one subscription policy where government to buy Access to science journal
subscription and make it public accessible': Let it get passed/approved.
Oxford University & Astrazeneca's UK Vaccine → its Indian variant by Serum Institute of India (SII)'s 'Covishield'
towards approval in India.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Ujjain Muslim house demolished after stone pelting incident| Jammu Kashmir new domicile rule allows
outsider to purchase immovable property after staying for more than 15 years- domicile jewellers shot dead by
militants.| Koregaon Bhima anniversary (Ref Mru's X'mas Video)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Muslim husband's mother can't be punished under triple Talaq law -SC
Book: Making of a Hindu Patriot: Background of Gandhiji’s Hind Swaraj by Dr J K Bajaj and M D Srinivas
Polar Silk Road: Northern sea route connecting North Atlantic to North Pacific. Earlier frozen and inaccessible but due to
global warming ⏫ice melting ships can pass. Arctic sea region has 22% of Global Oil gas Reserves, 25% of global rare
minerals, Both Russia and China want to dominate. Norway, Denmark, USA, Canada also interested. India is an
Observer state of Arctic Council. We need to encourage economic & scientific Exploration of this route while protecting
environment. (p9)
New year in India and world (Ref Explained series p13)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Australia anthem words changed for aboriginals
Kerala government digital media literacy programme ‘Satyameva Jayate’ to help People identify fake news
Water Hyacinth- aquatic weed/Invasive species in river, lake, dams. Bad because ⏬Water transparency and sunline
penetration - other water plants die → decay process O2⏬ → fish die.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Education Policy- Finish it once from Mrunal's Win20CSP Series Free Lecture| GST collections improved in
December
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋NFHS survey pe Jean Dreze vs Surjit Bhalla columns | 0% Sale tax on women sanitary products in UK, India
too has 0% GST on them.
RBI Digital Payments Index (DPI) with 5 component. Base Year 2018@100, then annual growth measured in
Digitisation of payments. Components. Will be published 4-4 months.
Scheme: Pradhanmantri Mudra Yojana for providing loans to micro enterprises. upto ₹50k “Shishu” | above ₹50k- upto
₹5l-“Kishor” | above ₹5l upto ₹10L-“Tarun”. Due2 Corona, Mudra-NPA likely to
Scheme: Atma Nirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana: if firm has upto 1000 workers, then Govt to contribute 12(worker)
+12(employer)-24% in EPFO for new workers' (& those who had lost jobs in Corona & later got new jobs. If firm has
more than 1000 workers then 12(worker) portion only.Earlier there was a similar scheme Pradhan Mantri Rojgar
protsahan Yojana (discontinued after 2019)
Scheme: Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP) to all export goods starting January 1, 2021.
Exporters get Customs duty input tax credit (ITC) on all the Union state and local body taxes where ITC system not
available at present e.g State Electricity Duty etc. He can use this Customs duty ITC to pay for Customs duty on
imports or sell his ITC to other merchants.Previously there was Merchandise Export from India Scheme (MEIS) but had
to be stopped due to WTO rules.
Interconnect Usage Charge (IUC)- ₹₹ when one telecom company (e.g.Jio)'s client makes call to another telecom
company (e.g. Airtel) then Jio need to pay IUC to Airtel. Previously Jio imposed this burden on the client. From
1/1/2021 the IUC system itself discontinued by Govt.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋EPFO starts crediting 8.5% interest in Beneficiary account. Even though it had suffered losses in the IL&FS
investment | Quarterly Periodic Labour Force Survey
Agra- novice youth in Illegal sand mining Yamuna river, when police jeep appeared he lost control of truck due to poor
driving skill & died in accident. A mob of 300 set fire to police chowki. As SP How will you control the law and order?
Ans. Deploy additional forces, check CCTV footage to identify the culprit, arrest & pay for the vandalism, Put curb on
illegal sand mining, rash driving, traffic vigilance for unlicensed drivers. More CCTV cameras in the routes where sand
mining rampant, rotate policemen deployment to prevent nexus with Sand-mafia etc.
Meerut: a class 10 student brought his uncle's revolver and shot a classmate over a sitting dispute. How to prevent the
rising cases of Juvenile delinquency? Ans. Stakeholder perspectives 1) Parents- pubG / gun must be kept locked in
almari, 2) teacher- bullies control "Broken window theory." 3) Society, movies, web series like Mirzapur, the
worshipping of rowdies & goonda-ism. 4) Teenagers should be kept occupied in activities like PT, Sports, NCC, NSS for
productive work. 5) Show documentary movies to schoolkids about ramification of crimes, dull life in Juvenile
DETENTION CENTREs.
Death: Hockey player Michael Kindo in 1970s. Although he wasn't the first ST hockey for India. 1st was Jaipal Singh
Munda (1928 Olympic captain)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋KERALA Assembly passed a resolution, urging the Union Government to repeal new farm laws.
Hygiene hypothesis- 3rd world's poor people - already exposed to low sanitation, communicable diseases at an early
age so develop stronger immunity through 'immune training'. Inversely, 1st world rich people- better access to Clean
water clean air so they remain safer from infectious diseases- Weaker immunity. That's why the Corona mortality
number is higher in USA than in India.
2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th
DATE (YY-MM-DD) Subject Subtopic (if any)

2020-December-31 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-31 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-31 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2020-December-31 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2020-December-31 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-31 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-31 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2020-December-31 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-30 Economy💳 5-Infra-Transport

2020-December-30 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-December-30 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2020-December-30 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora


2020-December-30 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-30 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-30 Science🧪 5-Infra-Transport

2020-December-30 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-29 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

Page 1
2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-29 IR/Defense🔫 5-Infra-Communic

2020-December-29 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-29 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-29 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-29 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2020-December-29 Science🧪 6-Health


2020-December-29 Science🧪 Places-in-News

2020-December-28 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sha

2020-December-28 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pe

2020-December-28 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxatio

2020-December-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-December-28 History/Culture🗿Election
2020-December-28 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-28 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2020-December-28 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

Page 2
2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-28 Polity⚖️ 5-Infra-Transport


2020-December-28 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-27 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2020-December-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-December-27 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pe

2020-December-27 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2020-December-27 Science🧪 5-Infra-Transport

2020-December-27 Polity⚖️ PRI

2020-December-27 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-December-26 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-26 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement


2020-December-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2020-December-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-26 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-26 Polity⚖️ 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2020-December-25 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-25 Environment🌿 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

Page 3
2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-December-25 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

2020-December-25 History/Culture🗿Places-in-News
2020-December-25 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-25 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-25 PIN-GK🏋️ 6-Health


2020-December-25 Polity⚖️ E-Gov👩‍💻

2020-December-25 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-25 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2020-December-25 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2020-December-24 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxatio


2020-December-24 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2020-December-24 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2020-December-24 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communic


2020-December-24 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-24 Governance🧔 E-Gov👩‍💻

2020-December-24 Governance🧔 E-Gov👩‍💻

2020-December-24 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

Page 4
2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-24 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2020-December-24 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2020-December-24 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-24 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-24 Polity⚖️ Executive


2020-December-24 Science🧪 Places-in-News
2020-December-24 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-23 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2020-December-23 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�
2020-December-23 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classific
2020-December-23 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxatio
2020-December-23 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-23 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-23 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-23 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement


2020-December-23 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-23 Polity⚖️ Executive

2020-December-23 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2020-December-23 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2020-December-23 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬


2020-December-23 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-23 Science🧪 5-Infra-Transport
2020-December-22 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classific

2020-December-22 Economy💳 6-Hunger🌽

2020-December-22 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2020-December-22 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-22 Geo🗺 Places-in-News

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-22 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-22 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-22 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-22 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-22 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement


2020-December-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-December-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2020-December-22 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-22 Science🧪 6-Health


2020-December-21 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝

2020-December-21 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2020-December-21 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pen

2020-December-21 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2020-December-21 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sha

2020-December-21 Geo🗺 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2020-December-21 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-21 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-21 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2020-December-21 Polity⚖️ PRI


2020-December-21 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-21 Polity⚖️ Defence


2020-December-21 Polity⚖️ Executive

2020-December-21 Science🧪 6-Health

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-20 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2020-December-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2020-December-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-20 Governance🧔 E-Gov👩‍💻


2020-December-20 IR/Defense🔫 Defence
2020-December-20 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2020-December-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News
2020-December-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-December-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News
2020-December-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News
2020-December-20 Polity⚖️ PRI
2020-December-19 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classific

2020-December-19 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2020-December-19 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2020-December-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 2-Budget-Taxatio

2020-December-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-19 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-19 Governance🧔 E-Gov👩‍💻


2020-December-19 Governance🧔 E-Gov👩‍💻

2020-December-19 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2020-December-19 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2020-December-19 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-19 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors


2020-December-19 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-19 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-19 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2020-December-19 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-18 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2020-December-18 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2020-December-18 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-18 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2020-December-18 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-18 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Bio-Diversity

2020-December-18 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2020-December-18 History/Culture🗿Awards🏆
2020-December-18 History/Culture🗿Awards🏆

2020-December-18 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-18 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-18 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-18 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2020-December-18 Polity⚖️ 4a-agro👨‍🌾

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-18 Science🧪 6-Health


2020-December-17 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2020-December-17 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�

2020-December-17 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communic

2020-December-17 Economy💳 6-Health

2020-December-17 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-17 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2020-December-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-December-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-December-17 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-17 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-17 Science🧪 Defence

2020-December-17 Polity⚖️ Election

2020-December-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Election

2020-December-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-17 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2020-December-17 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2020-December-17 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣


2020-December-17 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬
2020-December-17 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-16 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2020-December-16 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-December-16 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳

2020-December-16 Economy💳 5-Infra-Communic

2020-December-16 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�

2020-December-16 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2020-December-16 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2020-December-16 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2020-December-16 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-16 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-16 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors


2020-December-16 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-16 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2020-December-16 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2020-December-16 Polity⚖️ Legislature
2020-December-16 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-15 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2020-December-15 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�

2020-December-15 Environment🌿 5-Infra-Energy🔌

2020-December-15 Polity⚖️ 6-Health

2020-December-15 Science🧪 6-Health


2020-December-15 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-15 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th
2020-December-15 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-15 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora

2020-December-15 Polity⚖️ Election

2020-December-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-15 Polity⚖️ Intolerance

2020-December-15 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2020-December-15 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2020-December-15 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-15 Environment🌿 Water💦


2020-December-15 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-15 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-December-15 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-14 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pen

2020-December-14 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�


2020-December-14 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-14 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-14 Geo🗺 Disaster

2020-December-14 Polity⚖️ Intolerance

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-14 Science🧪 Places-in-News

2020-December-14 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-14 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-14 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-14 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-13 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxatio

2020-December-13 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍

2020-December-13 Polity⚖️ 6-Health

2020-December-13 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-December-13 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-13 Polity⚖️ Election

2020-December-13 Economy💳 Interview


2020-December-13 History/Culture🗿Places-in-News

2020-December-13 Environment🌿 Summit/Agreement


2020-December-13 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-13 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-12 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxatio

2020-December-12 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2020-December-12 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-12 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communic

2020-December-12 Science🧪 6-Health


2020-December-12 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2020-December-12 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2020-December-12 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2020-December-12 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-December-12 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-12 PIN-GK🏋️ Case-Studies😈


2020-December-12 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-December-12 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-December-12 Polity⚖️ Election

2020-December-12 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2020-December-12 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-12 Environment🌿 Summit/Agreement


2020-December-12 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-12 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-11 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sha

2020-December-11 Economy💳 5-Communication

2020-December-11 Economy💳 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2020-December-11 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-11 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2020-December-11 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-11 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-11 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2020-December-11 Environment🌿 Disaster

2020-December-11 Environment🌿 Disaster

2020-December-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-11 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2020-December-11 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-11 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-11 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-December-11 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-10 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�


2020-December-10 Economy💳 5-Communication

2020-December-10 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷


2020-December-10 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-December-10 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-10 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-10 Polity⚖️ Federalism

2020-December-10 Polity⚖️ Intolerance

2020-December-10 Polity⚖️ Intolerance

2020-December-10 History/Culture🗿Places-in-News

2020-December-10 Polity⚖️ PRI


2020-December-10 Science🧪 Social Media📣
2020-December-10 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2020-December-10 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement

2020-December-10 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-10 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

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2020-December-09 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2020-December-09 Economy💳 5-Communication

2020-December-09 Economy💳 5-Infra- Transpor

2020-December-09 Science🧪 6-Health


2020-December-09 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-09 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-09 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-09 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-09 Geo🗺 Places-in-News


2020-December-09 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2020-December-09 Polity⚖️ PRI


2020-December-09 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-09 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen


2020-December-09 PIN-GK🏋️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-09 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-08 Economy💳 5-Infra- Transpor

2020-December-08 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-08 Science🧪 6-Health


2020-December-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2020-December-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2020-December-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆
2020-December-08 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity
2020-December-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-December-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors


2020-December-08 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-December-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-08 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-08 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-08 Environment🌿 Summit/Agreement

2020-December-08 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-07 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxatio


2020-December-07 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxatio

2020-December-07 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌


2020-December-07 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷
2020-December-07 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-December-07 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-07 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-07 IR/Defense🔫 Defence


2020-December-07 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2020-December-07 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2020-December-07 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2020-December-07 Environment🌿 Summit/Agreement

2020-December-07 Environment🌿 Summit/Agreement

2020-December-07 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-December-07 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-06 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sha

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2020-December-06 Economy💳 3B-Intl-Org 🤝


2020-December-06 Economy💳 5-Infra-Energy🔌
2020-December-06 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2020-December-06 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2020-December-06 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2020-December-06 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-December-06 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-06 Polity⚖️ Legislature

2020-December-06 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬

2020-December-06 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen


2020-December-06 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement

2020-December-06 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-December-06 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-06 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-06 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-05 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Pol

2020-December-05 Economy💳 1A2-Monetary Pol

2020-December-05 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�

2020-December-05 Economy💳 5-Communication

2020-December-05 Economy💳 5-Communication

2020-December-05 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓

2020-December-05 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-05 Science🧪 6-Health


2020-December-05 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-05 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2020-December-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment

2020-December-05 Science🧪 Bio-Diversity


2020-December-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-December-05 Science🧪 Essay

2020-December-05 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News


2020-December-05 Science🧪 Space-Tech👩🏻‍🔬
2020-December-05 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement

2020-December-04 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-04 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Awards🏆


2020-December-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2020-December-04 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2020-December-04 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-December-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-December-04 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-December-04 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-04 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-December-04 Science🧪 Defence

2020-December-04 IR/Defense🔫 Places-in-News

2020-December-04 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-04 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-04 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-December-03 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classific
2020-December-03 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sha
2020-December-03 Science🧪 6-Health
2020-December-03 Science🧪 6-Health
2020-December-03 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷

2020-December-03 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-03 IR/Defense🔫 Awards🏆


2020-December-03 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2020-December-03 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-03 Polity⚖️ Defence

2020-December-03 Environment🌿 Disaster

2020-December-03 Environment🌿 Disaster

2020-December-03 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-December-03 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2020-December-03 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2020-December-03 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-03 Environment🌿 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-02 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�

2020-December-02 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�

2020-December-02 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communic


2020-December-02 Science🧪 6-Health

2020-December-02 Science🧪 6-Health


2020-December-02 Science🧪 6-Health
2020-December-02 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕

2020-December-02 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-02 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-December-02 Polity⚖️ Defence

2020-December-02 IR/Defense🔫 Diaspora


2020-December-02 Environment🌿 Disaster

2020-December-02 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

2020-December-02 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2020-December-02 Polity⚖️ Interview

2020-December-02 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-December-02 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-December-02 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-December-01 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pen

2020-December-01 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2020-December-01 Polity⚖️ Election

2020-December-01 Polity⚖️ Election

2020-December-01 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2020-December-01 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2020-December-01 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2020-December-01 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-01 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-December-01 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement

2020-December-01 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-November-30 Science🧪 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sha

2020-November-30 Economy💳 1d⚰️Insurance-Pen

2020-November-30 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxatio

2020-November-30 Agri🌽 4a-agro👨‍🌾

2020-November-30 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�


2020-November-30 Science🧪 5-Communication

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2020-November-30 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity


2020-November-30 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity
2020-November-30 Environment🌿 Bio-Diversity

2020-November-30 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-November-30 Environment🌿 Disaster
2020-November-30 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News

2020-November-30 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-November-30 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-November-29 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�

2020-November-29 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�


2020-November-29 Environment🌿 Awards🏆
2020-November-29 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-November-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-29 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-November-29 Polity⚖️ Intolerance

2020-November-29 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen

2020-November-29 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-November-29 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-29 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-29 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-28 Economy💳 5-Communication

2020-November-28 Science🧪 6-Edu👩‍🎓


2020-November-28 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2020-November-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

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2020-November-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-28 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-28 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-November-28 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-November-28 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-27 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳
2020-November-27 Polity⚖️ 5-Communication
2020-November-27 Economy💳 5-Communication

2020-November-27 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-November-27 Polity⚖️ Executive
2020-November-27 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺
2020-November-27 Environment🌿 Pollution🛺

2020-November-27 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-November-27 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-27 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-26 Economy💳 1B-Bank Classific
2020-November-26 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sha

2020-November-26 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕


2020-November-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Appointment
2020-November-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Awards🏆

2020-November-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-November-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-November-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈
2020-November-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-November-26 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-November-26 IR/Defense🔫 Defence

2020-November-26 Science🧪 Defence


2020-November-26 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Essay

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th
2020-November-26 Polity⚖️ Judiciary

2020-November-26 Polity⚖️ Legislature


2020-November-26 Polity⚖️ Pressure-Groups
2020-November-26 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-26 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-25 Science🧪 5-Infra-Communic
2020-November-25 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕
2020-November-25 Environment🌿 Disaster
2020-November-25 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈

2020-November-25 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2020-November-25 PIN-GK🏋️ Places-in-News
2020-November-25 IR/Defense🔫 Social Media📣
2020-November-25 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-25 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-November-25 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-November-25 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-25 Science🧪 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-24 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sha

2020-November-24 Economy💳 4b-mfg👷‍


2020-November-24 PIN-GK🏋️ Death

2020-November-24 Polity⚖️ Judiciary


2020-November-24 Science🧪 👩🏻‍
Public-Health
‍⚕️️ ‍⚕️

2020-November-24 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣


2020-November-24 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement
2020-November-24 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreemen
2020-November-24 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-November-24 IR/Defense🔫 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️

2020-November-24 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-November-23 Economy💳 1c👨🏿‍💻SEBI-Sha
2020-November-23 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�
2020-November-23 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-November-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-November-23 IR/Defense🔫 Fodder🙏🏼
2020-November-23 Environment🌿 Pollution
2020-November-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

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2020-November-23 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣

2020-November-23 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement


2020-November-23 Environment🌿 Water💦
2020-November-23 Economy💳 zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️
2020-November-22 Economy💳 3A-Intl-Trade🤝

2020-November-22 Economy💳 4a-agro👨‍🌾


2020-November-22 Environment🌿 Awards
2020-November-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-November-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-November-22 PIN-GK🏋️ Death
2020-November-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣
2020-November-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣
2020-November-22 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Social Media📣
2020-November-22 Polity⚖️ Social Media📣
2020-November-22 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement

2020-November-22 Polity⚖️ zz_JUNK⚾️📻⚾️


2020-November-21 Economy💳 1A1-Money-💳
2020-November-21 Economy💳 1b🔪Bank Classifi
2020-November-21 Economy💳 2-Budget-Taxatio
2020-November-21 Economy💳 4c-GDP/Inflation�
2020-November-21 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors
2020-November-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈
2020-November-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈

2020-November-21 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Ethics-Theory😈


2020-November-21 History/Culture🗿Places-in-News
2020-November-21 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement

2020-November-21 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement


2020-November-20 Polity⚖️ 6-Edu👩‍🎓
2020-November-20 Economy💳 6-Poverty👷
2020-November-20 Polity⚖️ 6-Rights-Issue🧕
2020-November-20 PIN-GK🏋️ Books-Authors

2020-November-20 Ethics(GSM4)☯️ Case-Studies😈


2020-November-20 Polity⚖️ Summit/Agreemen
2020-November-20 IR/Defense🔫 Summit/Agreement

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th
News Item (Page Numbers correspond to Ahmedabad Edition)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Paradip Port project → development of western dock via Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT) basis under Public-Pr
Partnership (PPP) mode.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋NPS to have online exit option, Deadlines for filing I-T, GST returns extended, Bitcoin reaches $28000, Ethanol bio
subsidy,
Digital payment: Many Instant loan apps which are not approved by RBI, but downloadable from google play store. Lure gullib
people into taking loans then App access their contact list. If person does not repay on time, app start sending fake FIR mess
relatives/ WhatsApp groups where the person is a member-to shame him → Driving into suicide.

China European Union investment deal: Will make it easier for the foreign companies to manufacture and sell electronics,
automobiles, Banking insurance, hospitals, real estate etc. without Partnering with a local Chinese company. China agreed no
force foreign companies to transfer technology to local companies, More transparency in subsidies, Ban on forced labour, eve
commitment for climate change! Prove that China is desperate to recover its economy after Corona, and fearful of EU protecti
otherwise. lesson for India- "Have to shed the 'big but poor mentality' to conclude trade deals with EU, UK, RCEP etc."

Gandhi-ji: Clear separation between means and ends. He did not want freedom through violent means. Gandhi-ji had moral a
& charismatic power to persuade the people to abandon violence - Chauri-Chaura, Noakhali. But today protestors engage in v
and destruction of public property- Whether the demand is for agriculture, reservation, citizenship, labour rights. Today we are
becoming more consumers than citizens. Consumers only focus on their own entitlement and rights. Citizen need to focus bot
rights as well as duties. His swachha should be seen not only for the physical garbage but also mental garbage.
Akash surface to air missile range of 25 kilometres. Cabinet approves its exports to friendly Nations. Will help in $5 Billion exp
target from Defence products.
Bengal, Punjab and Bihar have maximum VIP security- total 19000 Ministers, MLA, judges protected by 66,000 policemen.
Consequently routine law and order administration suffers due to shortage of police personnel. Whereas, J&K, Assam, Chhatt
have high number of terror/maoist attacks & bomb explosion, yet very few VIP under police protection!
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Assam passes Bill to turn madrasas into regular schools
Rail infrastructure: Dedicated freight corridor (DFC, over 2800kms since project 2006)- Eastern Arm- Punjab to W.Bengal. We
Arm: Uttar Pradesh to Mumbai. Separate railway line created exclusively for the cargo trains so speed to ⏫from 20kmph to
⏫60kmph🤩 Logistical efficiency, Faster movement of cargo.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋EPFO Interest rate split controversy, now to pay 8.5% @once, Electoral bonds, Appointment of HDFC chairman, T
buys shares of Air Asia, RBI commentary on bad loans
Kolar leaf nosed bat- in Karnataka-Important species for pollination and insect control.
Diaspora: In last two decadesMore than 50% of the CBSE toppers have migrated overseas. Indian parents sending money ab
higher education ⏫ $1.5billion (2016) to 18bn (2019)- drain of both financial wealth and human wealth. New Indian elites also
overseas citizenship to avoid Indian taxes. For India to become Atma nirbhar, this trend to be reversed. Counter? (1) India is a
largest recipient of remittance from workers abroad. (2) "Study in India" program where we are also attracting students from A
South America, Eastern Europe:- Their countries may be feeling the same! (Col, p6)
Death: Pierre Cardin, Fashion designer, France.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Madhya Pradesh Ordinance against religious conversion/Love Jihad. | OBC -41% share in the population but only
police.
Electric Vehicle- Tesla-2021 Indian entry ke naam pe 500 columns✋ Finish the benefits and challenges + Economic Survey2
observations from https://mrunal.org/2019/09/economic-survey-2019-summary-09-electric-vehicles.html
Corona: WW2 50 million died but silver lining- Decolonization of Asia and Africa, Greater participation of women in workforce e
there any silver lining in Corona? pollution ⏬, People learn to live on bare necessities - Consumerism plastic waste generatio
Made govt serious about identification & documentation of the migrants & poor for targeted delivery of schemes/vaccines. (Re
column to cultivate Vocabulary, p7)
⚾️📻⚾️Maruti to offer car lease/subscription model for those who do not want to to buy the car fully. | Devlali-Danapur most po
route of Kisan Rail| Onion export Ban lifted | IRDAI Norms for standard travel insurance policy | RBI research paper on inflatio
targeting

Page 25
2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

Persuasion: Gurugram Municipal Corporation to give "Family sanitation Challan book" to "Swachata captain" children who will
"Challan" to Family members For unhygienic habits. Counter? Encouraging the children to do 'chugli' on parents, George Orw
dystopian novel "1984"- children informing authorities if their parents discuss 'non-communist' ideals or criticize 'supreme lead
Children should be helping the family to clean up the things rather than writing Challan on them.
Chinese 5G invasion: China already enslaving the small Nations 'One belt one road' cheap infrastructure loans. Now, China to
provide 5G technology and equipment to Nepalese Mountaineering and tourism industry. Later may also start supplying 5g
Communication Technology to small nations' militaries. This poses grave economic and strategic challenges to India. (col, p10

Anglosphere: CANZUK group: Canada, New Zealand, Australia UK and later USA. They already have "5-Eyes" arrangement
intelligence sharing. Should further collaborate with India, Ireland, Singapore and other like-minded English speaking countrie
economic, military, and strategic ties. 😰-Foreign political parties interfering in Indian Internal issues due to diaspora- 30 million
Indians sending $80 billion remittance per year (e.g. Canadian PM supporting farmer protest in India). While the East India Co
exploited the Chinese through opium trade wars, But Chinese authorities ever so eager to sign FTA with UK in the Post-Brexit
India should also shared its Colonial/NAM mindset. (RAJAMOHAN, p11)

Gated globalisation: India should protect its interest through strong fences and strategic ties. India cannot remain Non-aligned
can become friends with everyone. Bipolar world (USA vs USSR) is replaced with Multipolar world (USA, China, BRICS, EU, Q
RCEP, MNCs). China's 'gated globalization': allows Apple and Google to manufacture their phones but restricts their digital op
through Great Firewall. EU's General data protection regulation (GDPR) similar. India needs to take swift actions by (1) Greate
over FDI norms, data protection norms (2) Soft loans & 5g Tech to like-minded small countries. (3) FTAs with like-minded cou
(Col,p11)
Gandhi-King Scholarly Exchange Initiative- between USA-India to setup an educational forum to study Mahatma Gandhi & Ma
Luther King Jr.
Sports: Kohli (1) ODI Cricketer of the Decade award (2) Sir Garfield Sobers award for the best male cricketer of decade. | Dho
Spirit of Cricket Award of the Decade.
Pneumosil vaccine: India’s first indigenously developed pneumococcal vaccine by Serum Institute of India (SII, Pune). Same
company also developing Covaxin.
If Civil engineering optional or Architect degree: List of foreign Architects who developed Indian cities - for Mains/Interview(p12
Zero coupon bonds are usually issued at discount and purchased at par value(face value) on maturity so, Investor gets some
interest/profit on it. But for Basel III recapitalization of public sector banks → govt sold zero coupon bonds at face value to Pun
Sind Bank (e.g. sold@₹5500cr, tobe repurchased by Govt @ ₹5500cr). Non Transferable in nature (PnSB can't resell it to 3rd
party). 🤩Benefit? Recapitalization without impact on fiscal deficit.
Atma-nirbhar Bharat → PM Street Vendor’s AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi) by Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs. Street
given ₹10k loan/micro-credit @1year with 7% interest subsidy. Now Govt launching "Main Bhi Digital" to teach them about dig
payment- how to use UPI, BHIM, Netbanking etc in Purchase of raw material and selling etc. 🤩Benefit? Less cash economy →
Banking transaction history → ⏫credit scores, faster loans | Formalisation of economy → better tax surveillance| ⏬Counterfe
⏬germ spread, etc.
GST input tax credit (ITC) given to entrepreneur for the purchase of raw material/inputs. Scamsters create dummy firms/fake b
defraud Govt in ITC. So, 1/1/2021 se at least 1% GST needs to be paid in cash to Govt, by a certain category of firms with An
turnover of 6cr/higher. It will help detecting such fraudsters.
Villagers opposing BSF camp near 'religious site'. Informants indicate Maoists are instigating some villagers. What will you do
DM/SP/BSF Commandant?
28th December, 1885: Indian National Congress was founded with the help of ICS officer A.O.Hume. 136th Anniversary in 20
Death: Padmashree Sunil Kothari dance historian, a proferssor in Kolkata
Art 174: Governor summons State legislature, but on aid-and-advice of CM/Council of Ministers (Art 163). Although in some
exceptional cases Governor can summon the house on his own discretion, even without asking CM e.g. during proving majori
passing No confidence motion. 😰Controversy? Kerala CM wants to summon the Legislative Assembly for a special session fo
debating the 3 farm laws. Governor denied permission. (Explained p10)
Women safety/ Juvenile delinquency: (1) China ⏬criminal liability age from 14 years to 12- to Combat serious Juvenile crime
rape, robbery & murder**. (2) India Juvenile justice amendment 2015- juveniles between 16-18 can be tried as adult for rape/m
etc. (3) 2020: Pak law for Chemical Castration of habitual rapists.

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

Transport Ministry ⏫ validity of motor vehicle documents like driving license, registration certificate (RC) etc till 31/3/2021 due
Corona.
Casteism⏬: UP penalty on writing caste name on vehicle registration plates.
(1) Aestivate- disappearing deep in soil to avoid dry summer heat. Some frogs/toads do it. (2) Hibernate: Long winter sleep, b
temperature & heart rate drops. Northern Hemisphere chilly winter so if species cannot migrate towards warmer climate, they
hibernate e.g. Arctic squirrel. Polar bears don't technically hibernate But they reduce physical activity. Tropical animals don't d
Primates don't do it except Madagascar Lamur. (p15, Ranjit Lal)
Ayodhya Mosque at Dhannipur village 5acre land. New design doesn't have domes/arches as per classical mosque design. a
argues we are using modern design, Solar wind energy, charitable hospital, museum & library. Older generation is unhappy- t
looking like a picnic spot. If u r trustee- wht will u do?

Case Study: “Yogi’s mother used to give her mobile phone to her son for homework and online education. However Yogi was
spending a lot of time playing games on mobile phone. Mother scolded, son didn’t like advice committed suicide." Suggestion
curbing online gaming addiction and suicide among adolescents. (1) China law to prevent kids from playing online games betw
11PM to 8AM. Not more than 90mins on weekdays & 3 hrs in holidays. (2) Will need Aadhar linked accounts, stricter regulatio
gaming apps. (3) Parental controls Apps (4) teachers shd give fun assignments & learning activities, study itself could be 'gam
(6) Promote book reading, exercise, outdoor activities (7) IEC ki pipudi.
HRD- PM-Jan Arogya Yojna SEHAT scheme for J&K People 5L Free Health Insurance
HRD-Edu: RP Tiwari (VC, Punjab) Committee set up by UGC for holding a common entrance exam for Central University adm
as per National Education Policy 2020.
Hyperloop: 5th form of transportation after boat, rail, plane and automobile, Proposed by Elon Musk (USA). Metal tubes with p
suspended in air using Magnetic levitation/maglev. Virgin Hyperloop plans to connect Pune and Mumbai 150-km distance at 1
kmph speeds in about 35 minutes.
PRI: Since 2011 local body polls have not held in Puducherry because 1) Delimitation exercise not over 2) State election
commissioner not appointed due to Tussle between Lieutenant Governor vs chief minister.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ NMDC- Karnatak royalty dispute over iron ore, Franklin Mutual Fund scam, GST rules, UK thinktank CEBR -India
become third largest economy by 2030
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Spectrum auction | anti dumping duty on carbon black , Post-Brexit Trade Deal
USA's TIBET Policy and Support Act: 1) USA to oppose attempts by China to install its own Dalai Lama against principles of T
Buddhism 2) Travel ban on Chinese officials violating Tibetan Human Rights under USA "Global Magnitsky Human Rights
Accountability Act". 3) USA to open a Consulate in Tibet. 😰China opposed- This is violation of international laws.🤩India- Ene
enemy is my friend! however we have not openly made any comments. India's official stand- Tibet is integral part China.
ARYA RAJENDRAN to be country's youngest mayor aged 21, Thiruvananthapuram Kerala
Death: Shamsur Rahman Faruqi, Padmi Shree Urdu poet from UP

Reservation: SC Judgement: Saurav Yadav versus State of UP- General / Unreserved / Open category is not a 'quota' for uppe
Groups eligible for horizontal reservation cannot be excluded from the open category seats because they are from SC/ST/OBC
inclusion must not be seen as the antithesis of efficiency and merit; infact inclusion and substantive equality are aims of gover
Pressure group: Farmer organisation demands boycotting of jio during farm bill protests. Some farmers started cutting power
jio towers- e-learning, work from home affected. (2) Blocking the Railways -Transportation supply of essential commodities af
(3) Haryana farmers halting the toll connection at highways → Govt revenue collection affected.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Vodafone Singapore|Cairn Netherland Retrospective tax rulings, Gold Bond| EU & Britain agree for a trade deal pos
Exact details yet to be worked out.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Protest against inclusion of schedule 5 /PESA villages of Narmda,Gujarat in Eco Sensitive Zones (ESA). Bcoz in ESA
Farmers will not be allowed to sell land for non agriculture purpose.
If you accomplish one big thing, everything gets accomplished, but if you try and fix everything at once, then nothing gets fixe
plants, water the roots, and the whole plant prospers and yields flowers and fruits.- Rahim 55 Central universities in India- 6 V
Chancellor sacked in recent years For corruption and maladministration. Governing Council has too many members (e.g. 475 i
Delhi!)- many Political appointees, No effective oversight over the VC. So instead of doing dozens of reforms, 1st fix governing
monitoring over by VC. (p11)

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th

Case study: IIM-A's Iconic campus building was designed by American architect Louis Kahn. Building got very old, concrete sla
falling, need to expand capacity to 800 students. So the administration decided to raze the building, but strike/protests started
alumni against the move- Some student political outfits are also instigating them & insinuating corruption charges against you
director, wht wl u do?
Young MBBS graduates want2 prepare 4NEET(PG) exam, have written to you (Health secretary,IAS) to be excused from Coron
else they're threatening to go on strike, wht wl u do?
As Bengaluru DM, you've imposed night curfew in CrPC section 144 from 24th Dec to 2Jan to prevent Corona spread New Yea
celebration. But the younger generation started Twitter campaign. Pub/Restaurant/Discobar owners cite potential revenue loss
Finance dept wants liquor taxes. Pressure from all quarters., wht wl u do?
India's first Lithium refinery to be set up at Gujarat. Lithium will be imported from Australia for refining.

1/1/1818: Mahar soldiers in British Army defeated Peshwa soldiers near Koregaon / Perne village, Maharashtra. British erected
Sthmbh' memorial. Although some Maratha historians dispute the claim. SC from Ambedkarite Mahar community commemora
event → 2018 clashes with Marathas. So, DM already ordered CrPC 144 To prevent people from visiting The memorial in Jan 2
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Army major found guilty of misusing AFSPA powers & fake encounter of 3 Labourers in Amshipora, Shopian.
Death: 2002: US-Journalist Daniel Pearl beheaded in Pakistan, his alleged killer Omar Sheikh released.
Corona: Parliamentary panel suggests priority vaccination of Olympic-2021 ke Indian atheletes & creation of bio-bubbles for th
training.
25th Dec X'mas - Birthday of Bharat Ratna Ex-PM Vajpayee celebrated as good governance day
Article 19 Freedom of expression is a hallmark of a constitutional liberal democracy. Citizen has right to comment on the affair
State. Mere dissent does not amount to criminality. Allahabad High Court quashes FIR against man for tweeting "UP became
Jungleraj"
Vernacularization of technical education: Instead of spending money for modernization of the Engineering syllabus, AICTE offe
2-lakh rupees to Professes to translate the outdated syllabus books into Vernacular languages. This perpetuates the disconnec
between what is taught and what is practiced and has led to the employability crisis → mediocrity of Engineers- Rail safety, ro
construction, canals, corruption. (p10)
Vidhansabha reforms: 1) Governor's address to vidhansabha frequently disrupted in from UP to Kerala. 2) Only lip service to t
constitutional requirement of meeting two times a year. Most Vidhan Sabhas total working day not even 30 days/year 3) Mere
rubber stamping bills/Ordinance-raj. Quality of debate, question hour poor. (p11)
Retrospective tax: early 2000, Vodafone, Cairn bought some Indian company from their foreign owners in tax havens. Income
Department demanded capital gains tax (CGT). This company refused to pay, ke it was sold outside Indian tax jurisdiction. Ea
2012- Govt amended Income Tax Act to tax such deals 'before date of passing this law' i.e. retrospective effect. Bilateral Inve
Agreements between India/UK provided for a permanent Court of arbitration at the Hague (Netherlands) for such disputes. In
government defeated -can't demand tax with Retrospective effect.
FDI: Direct-to-Home (DTH) broadcasting services @100%, channel licence period to 20 years.
(1) Contract workers -Company has them through middleman/labour contractor. Labour dispute/EPFO/legal compliance on con
(2) Fixed Term employees - Company directly has them but for a specific time period only afterwards if agreement not renewe
automatically terminated. Eligible for EPFO only up to the period of job. Neither providing job security to workers → Apple (Wi
Karnataka plant unrest. Production Linked Incentive scheme (PLI): Mobile companies given 4-6% subsidy based on additional
production. But if the labour issues not settled, then PLI is useless.
CCI: Google Misusing dominant position for search bias, promoting google pay, not allowing Mobile handset manufacturers to
the operating system etc. USA-EU also looking into similar antitrust action by google/facebook etc.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Post Matric Scholarship for SC: funding reforms | GST technical reforms 1% liability to be paid in cash.
E-Gov: Fuel pilferage and vehicle misuse: Guj's Rajkot Municipal corporation project "Fuel monitoring system" - Vehicle monito
through GPS and fuel devices- also integrated with city CCTV network.
E-Gov: DBT not panacea. MNREGA funds released DBT to beneficiary accounts through Management information system(MIS)
computer operators hack the system to siphon ₹1cr. Soln (1) Effective supervision necessary. (2) low paid contractual outsour
workers - difficult to expect honesty. recall Sardar Statue of Unity's crores of ticket sales money also siphoned by them.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋NE Internal security: National Socialist Council of Nagaland-Khaplang (NSCN-K) Ceasefire and peace talks with
government.

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th
Sport: V.Anand: just like t20>test cricket, classical chess could go that way (Shorter time format for Attracting more pageview
revenue)
(If LAW Optional) CrPC 357-Court can order the The Criminal to pay compensation to victims. Victim Impact Report (VIR) / Vic
Impact Statements (VIS) - victim will tell court about his losses → accordingly Compensation may be determined. Notable judg
Ankush Shivaji Gaikwad v. State of Maharashtra (2013), Karan v. State N.C.T. of Delhi (2020)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Anti cow slaughter laws of Karnataka and Goa | Kerala Abhaya murder
PH rights: VH lawyer/litigants if given paper copy of court documents😰 can't read. If PDF file given but not Optical character
recognition (OCR) or contains watermark/signatures at random places then Computer Text to speech software does not functi
properly. So, SC orders HCs to do the needful, to make Court hearings more accessible to them for right to equality guarantee
Article 14 and the right to practice a profession of one’s choice under Article 19(1)(g) of the Constitution
Blatant overuse and misuse of Presidential pardoning power by Trump to help his corrupt/fraud friends, before 20/1/2021 whe
term expires. (-how Indian constitution much better)
Indian Antarctic stations Maitri (1988) and Bharati (2012). In news about how to return them in Corona.
Corona: Health Ministry's COVID Vaccine IntelligenceNetwork(CoWIN) system. Asked Startups to improve its Technology

Inflation: 2020- Heavy rains → onion crop damage → Heavy inflation → mid-sept Government banned the export of onions to
⏫supply. But Dec- next crop arrived, farmers getting hardly 10-15/kg @trader, they're Requesting government to lift the expo
$900 billion USA Covid Aid- Unemployment allowance, relief in tax/subsidies : may revive demand → Indian exports ⏫.
IBC suspension was expiring on 25th Dec so +3 months extended- 24 March 2021 tak suspended. ✋Exact dates notIMP
THE INTERNATIONAL Cricket Council (ICC) wants tax exemptions for hosting T20 World Cup 2021 in india, else will explore U
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋World bank to give 500 million dollar loan for for Highway projects in India
⚾️📻⚾️Balochistan actor was found dead in Toronto, India Japan Defence Minister talks
Indo-US: Legion of merit Degree chief commander: One of the highest military decorations-Trump gave it to PM Modi, PM Abe
(Japan) & PM Morrison (Aussie). Previously Indian who got 1) Field Marshal K.M. Cariappa 2) general SM Srinagesh. Aimed at
strengthening Quad ties against China.
(Essay) Global World/Order Challenges to: Pandemic, rapid technological change- & MNCs, cyber security, Space Security, Clim
Change, Poverty, Hunger, Radicalisation, weapons race, Weaponization of economy through Protectionism,
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Kashmir DDC election result, Kerala Sister Abhaya Case after 28 years
Putin's new amendment: 1) Ex-president can become permanent member of Russian Rajya Sabha. 2) Immunity from prosecu
after the Presidential term expires.
(Secularism) nation-state law 2018: Israel is“nation-state of the Jewish people”. Arab minority feels unhappy with "inequality"
case in the supreme court.
6th India International Science Festival (IISF) held virtually. Scientific solutions needed for Health, Water Scarcity, Food Secur
Pollution- SDG. But Challenge is to retain youth in science. Steps? Hackathons, Scholarships, Visiting foreign faculty etc.
(Space) Great conjugation of Jupiter and Saturn on Dec'21. Visible from naked eye. Jupiter orbits the Sun once in 12 years, an
Saturn once in 30. They'll meet again in 2040. & 2060.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Antibodies from Llama named 'Cormac' can help fighting Corona
Project Titan - Apple's self driving cars by 2024.
Atma-Nirbhar: IBC was suspended till 25th Dec but Suspension may be extended till 31/3/2021.
(GSM2: Issues related to health hunger) Modi's New welfarism: Subsidized tangible goods: e.g. LPG cylinder, toilets, electricity
housing, water, cash to farmers (PMKISAN-6k), Bicycle/laptop/tablets for students. ⏩ But, Intangible goods such as quality of
education and health are neglected because Easier to display/monitor tangible goods for Electoral populism. But showing
Improvement in health, nutrition, education takes a long time, difficult to convince the voters in a short time. ⏩ Similar "New"
welfarism trend in Poland Hungary and Turkey: (1) Identity/religion based right wing politics + (2) Subsidized tangible goods
to LEFT - election success.
Power Ministry: Electricity (Rights of Consumers)Rules,2020: consumer to get 24/7 Electricity, Grievance redressal and compe
mechanism etc
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Future Reliance Amazon deal controversy, GST compensation, NIIF investments, PSB loan audit.
Volcano: Kilauea volcano eruption in Hawaii’s Big Island (USA)

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Indo European Ties: 2020- Chinese border issues made India grow more close to USA for help bcoz Trump hated China. But C
Willing to co-operate on climate change and trade issues with Biden. ✅Our quotidian (-routine) diplomacy focuses on bipolar
War dynamic (the East-West) and the North-South framework (developing world versus the developed). ✅But the political rea
Europe are fast changing after BREXIT. ✅Most Europeans believed that Asian geopolitics was America’s burden (Vietnam, Kor
Japan issues etc). ✅But as China transforms the Eurasian landmass through OBOR so, US alone cannot redress the imbalance
2021-India should focus more on Europe.
USA imposed sanctions on Turkey for buying S-400 Missiles from Russia. India also planning to buy them. Russia says we don
recognise American sanctions.
Indo-Vietnam virtual Summit between PM: bolbachchan- Act East policy, South China Sea dispute, Maritime security, joint mili
training, Money laundering, terror Finance narcotics, disaster management, trade and cultural exchange.
Indian Navy’s Short Take-off but Arrested Recovery (STOBAR) system for aircrafts on navy ships. Boeing's Super Hornet cleare
test.
UAE: Foreign migrant labourers outnumber in the domestic population. UAE imposed visa restrictions on entry of Paki workers
name of Covid. UAE-Israel angle also seen for security / terrorism.
Death: Motilal Vora (1928-2020)- CM of MP, Governor UP, Rajyasabha MP, Treasurer of Congress Party
Book: "Years that changed India: Vajpayee" - book by ex-bureaucrat Shakti Sinha
Corona: India stops flights from from UK due to N501Y MUTATION IN SARS-COV-2 virus.⏩ Share market ⏬
Mucor-myco-sis: rare fungal disease- 50% mortality rate. cases in India. Symptoms of one sided facial swelling. Non communi
only person comes in contact with fungus.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋WTO reforms for food subsidy.
Banking: Positive pay mechanism in Cheque truncation system (CTS of NPCi) → basically if amt >50k, issuer clicks photo → su
photos to bank → issuer gives cheque to recipient → recipient submits to bank → cross verification to prevent fraud. RBI mand
from 1/1/2021.
SEHAT scheme (Social Endeavour for Health and Telemedicine SEHAT): Basically Aayushman Bharat for Jammu Kashmir union
territory -Annual ₹5 lakh Health Insurance for families.
Post Green Revolution: Punjabi farmers became rich but their tractors, washing machines r mfg'ed in Tamilnadu, Maharashtra
Karnataka. MSP/APMC system functioning well in Punjab so they're opposing farm reforms. Labour intensive industrialisation r
in Punjab to shift people to mfg/service sector. (p7)
CARO guidelines from 1/4/2021. Ministry of Corporate Affairs guideline To increase transparency in the companys' finance/aud
reports, whistleblower complaints etc.Will help preventing Sathyam/ILFS like scams
Energy: ONGC Asokenagar-1 Petroleum reserve in West Bengal's 24 Pargana district → Will supply the crude oil and natural ga
Indian Oil Corporation Haldia refinery.
Nepal Prime Minister dissolves lower house due to bickering among various functions of the ruling party
Sir Creek region near Kutch, Gujarat. India and Pakistan have disputes over the border & international maritime boundary line
Routinely fishermen arrested by either side.
Parliament reforms: 2002 decision's setup Delimitation Commission after 2026. Expected ⏫in seats: LS: 543 → ⏫888, RS:245
⏫384. That's why the new Parliament building's Lok Sabha chamber has 1200+ sitting capacity to accomodate all of them for
sessions. Criticism? (1) Delimitation exercise on population basis- Northern States will see more number of Representatives. S
injustice.😰(2) Difficult to control Disruptions and shouting if such large crowd of MP. (3) Parliamentary committee meetings s
become more open to press similar to USA. Ministers must drop the privilege and appear before the Committees. (4) ⏫Parliam
oversight over the intelligence agencies and international treaties similar to USA.
2017: Pathalgadi movement, Jharkhand: villagers would erect giant stone plaques declaring the gram sabha as the only sover
authority under Panchayat Extension to the Scheduled areas (PESA) Act, to claim their independence from the state. They wo
prohibit the entry of government officials. Many booked under IPC 124A (sedition) But now CM dropped all the cases
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Amit Shah to Implement CAA After covid vaccination
French Secularism: 2015 Islamist terrorist attack on the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo for publishing a cartoon of Pr
Muhammad. Movement "Je Suis Charlie" (I'm also a Charlie)- polarising French against Muslims.
If PubAd Optional: Public policy implementation monitoring system (p7)
Short term ⏫in temperature and rainfall → Vector borne diseases like Malaria ⏫ → Ministry of Earth science working on an E
Health Warning System to forecast the disease outbreak

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World’s ‘biggest zoo’ 250 acres in Jamnagar, Guj. Name "‘GREENS Zoological Rescue and Rehabilitation Kingdom’, by Reliance
Industries CSR fund, doing PPP for Leopard rehabilitation.
Powers of IAS: Under new New Farms Act 2020, if trader doesn't pay ₹₹ in time, farmer can complaint to SDM. SDM in Madhy
Pradesh orders Attachment of property for two absconding traders.
IF Psychology Optional: Neurodiversity and Social Justice (col18)

1989-China Tiananmen Square massacre / student protest for democracy. Zoom meeting for commemorating the event- Govt
join zoom meetings with profile picture that contain child-porn photos & then report it to zoom to get the meeting cancelled!
Dec 18, 1961- Op Vijay to liberate Goa from Portugese. 60 years anniversary.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Nagorno-Karabakh region in Yerevan, Armenia - conflicts. Russia brokered ceasefire
36/9: India's lowest score in a Test Match against Australia. Earlier 1974's 42 was lowest.
1927: Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker had designed the Parliament building. Central Vista project for new parliament buildin
Death: MG Vaidhya- RSS leader (1923-2020)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Ancient Rome's first emperor Augustus- his mausoleum on river Tiber reopened.
Ayodhya Mosque- Dhannipur village 5 acre land. Design by INDO-ISLAMIC Cultural Foundation Trust
If PolSci Option: KIZHAKKAMBALAM PANCHAYAT Model of private co's CSR wing running a Panchayat. (p8)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Govt exploring Bad Bank (Ek Baar mein NPA prepare kro)
Renewable energy target 450GW by 2030: challenges (1) ⏫ thermal electricity charges in peak hours to Encourage household
adopt rooftop Solar Plant (2) Over 60% electricity still comes from coal. DISCOM & Power plant suffering from losses so unabl
invest in plant upgrades/renewable energy (3) if coal power shutdown job loss 4workers (4) Auctioning of the coal mines at ch
price for ₹₹ for populist schemes, but then 21% forest cover → 33% forest cover difficult. (5) Solar and wind energy intermitt
24/7. need to be stored in batteries. R&D ⏫ (p9)
KGD6- Asia's deepest offshore gas field in East Coast of India by Reliance & BP

(Journalism) journalism should be critical of the 'order of the times'- but based on facts and evidence. But this should not slip
complete negativity. media should not be seen by the public as discrediting the change that is happening since such a change
contrary to their long held positions "Development journalism"- Partner with government to highlight the change (e.g. Sanitati
superstition, safety of women) only then we can build building a strong, resurgent and developed India,” VP Naidu (P11)
(Empathy/ Tolerance) Tibetian families make tea with salt & butter- are we more 'elites/Sophisticated' because we are using s
and milk? Homogeneity enforced in name of physical beauty, singing voice, correct pronunciation, education, manners, handw
food habits. Urbane / Metropolitan / brahminical culture of Indian literature because nepo gang of publishers & reviewers. Chi
have ⏬ empathy / compassion for weaker section (p9)
“Vivadse Vishwas” direct tax resolution scheme: if case pending @appellate forums like Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals
Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT), High Court or Supreme Court (over ₹4LCR case stuck)- It can be settled by paying just
No interest, penalty or prosecution. But only 12% Resolution in Gujarat. As IRS how will you make it succeed?
Monetization of sexual violence: Pornhub website users upload child rapes, revenge pornography, spycam videos of women
showering, racist content, women gettin beaten etc. And company pays the money for pageviews. NYTIMES outcry → now de
million videos.
(Leadership) 11 yo Madurai boy sends ₹1145 DD to LS speaker for Construction of new Parliament building. Speaker returns w
blessings.
Rajasthan Jan Kalyan portal: where all schemes' info available at one place | Indira Rasoi Yojana 2 give ₹8 food to poor in urb
areas.
SolarWinds hack- Alleged Russian attempt to hack American government website and private companies
DRDO built 🤩(1) Army ke liye: Border Surveillance System (BOSS): “all weather” electronic surveillance system @Ladakh whe
zero temp prevent manual chowkidaari. 🤩(2) Navy ke liye: Indian Maritime Situational Awareness System (IMSAS) for Naval
analytics 🤩(3) Airforce ke liye: ASTRA Mk-I Beyond Visual Range (BVR) Missile for Air Force.
FIFA Best Men's Player for 2020: Poland Captain Robert Lewandowski
2022 Asian Games in Hangzhou, China: E-sports & Break dance added as medal event

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Book The Commonwealth of Cricket by Ramachandra Guha. "Bhakti & superstar" culture in sport- just like in Politics. If Gangu
doing unprofessional things and anyone criticizes them then BHAKTs trolling on social media. so, Cricket reforms are difficult.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Hathras was a gangrape- CBI. (Ek baar mein prepare kro- women safety topic)
Article 21 right to life → Right to health at affordable prices so supreme court orders govt to impose more price control on Cor
private hospitals /Open more govt hospitals.
(GSM2) Separation of powers: Andhra HC ordered Sarkari Vakil to prove show if there was Breakdown of the constitutional ma
in the state or not? Andhra State Govt went to SC ke Art356 only President can check directly/via Governor. HC Overstepping
constitutional boundary. SC stayed Andhra HC order, 'this is disturbing'. (p12)
India Corona vaccine FAQ: (1) even those Recovered need to get it (2) if suffering from coronavirus present then wait for 14 d
after recovery (3) photoID compulsory. (Will it help nabbing Naxal leaders/Mafia gangsters?)
Social capital : Level of trust and harmony in the society. Physical classrooms learning - ⏫social capital. (1) vertical education
teacher lectures and students take notes and (occasionally) ask questions (2) horizontal method - students internal discussion
activities etc. (3) Mix of both. E-learning- mostly vertical- ⏬social capital. 😰In Corona, big rallies/protests, social-religious fest
allowed then WHY not schools? Norway - Denmark Opened the schools, there was no 2nd wave. (Counter: unki public discipli
idhar even IIT-Madras 100+ve so had to shut down again).
IIM-A study: Corona lockdown & E-learning: A'bad city area only 30% of Government school children could watch live classes.
50% even have functioning TV/DTH. State government had ordered the private schools to cut fees by 25% yet poor parents w
aware bcoz don't have TV/mobile/internet. So, schools fooled them into paying the full fees. 85% poor children did not receive
home ration instead of mid day meal. We can only imagine the situation in rural areas.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Bitcoin explained series (p11) | Why has US put India on currency watchlist (p13)
Production linked incentive (PLI) scheme: Govt gives X% subsidy based on Incremental growth on mfg. But Karnataka iPhone
violence- harm the scheme.
(Women over-empowerment?) France law prevent govt agencies from hiring more than 60% management positions from sam
gender. Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo fined $110,000 for hiring 'too many women'. If you are personnel Minister, what will you do

(Man versus Wild) Assam farmers setup electric fences to protect crop Pregnant elephants. Farmers angry that crop damage
compensation was not paid on time so we will kill the elephant, but agro/revenue dept itself not receiving funds on time. Farm
steal electricity to set up fences, but electricity department does not have enough staff for vigilance. As (DCF) what will you do
(Powers of IAS) SDM gets powers under Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) to order a person to furnish bond for good behavior.
Orders farmers to furnish personal bonds of ₹50 lakh to prevent farmer protest. Amt2b reduced after Controversy.
Singapore’s ‘hawker / fastfood bazaar’ culture given UNESCO "Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity" recognition
Sports Ministry formally recognised yogasana as a competitive sport.

Crime & Criminal Tracking Network System (CCTNS) by the Home ministry's National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). Connect
police Stations with courts (2 send documents), RTO/Transport department (vehicle registry), Hospitals (dead bodies), NGO, c
etc. State governments can develop their own apps to extract/connect data with CCTNS. EGujCop won the best app award.
Alibaba facial recognition Technology can detect Muslims in videos/photos. Chinese government used similar technology for
persecution of UIGHURs through dragnet

Indo Bangla Virtual Summit: (1) 2020 is the birth centenary of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman being celebrated as ‘Muj
Borsho’. (2)March 2021: 50 Years of Bangladesh Independence Modi to visit. (3) restoration of Chilahati (Bangladesh) to Hald
(W.Bengal, India) rail link (4) Keywords: Neighbourhood first policy, Teesta water-sharing agreement, visa, Rohingya refugees
Elephants, vaccines against Covid-19, trade pact, Hydrocarbon Energy: ONGC-Videsh Kanchan-1X, hydrocarbons, agriculture e
Doping: Russia banned from using its name, flag and anthem at the next two Olympics or at any world championships for the
two years. Its athletes allowed to compete.
Karnataka Land Reforms Act: The amendments to allow non-agriculturists-to buy agricultural land. Controversy? it will ⏬food
production Counter: Small Farms unproductive, better shift farmer to mfg/service sector by facilitating industries to move towa
agricultural areas. (p11, Explained)

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A mutation in an RNA virus - when the virus makes a mistake while it is making copies of itself. Covid-19 → UK Mutation N501
the vaccine be ineffective? Ans. If mutation is only in a few spikes of virus, then still Vaccine will work. (p11)
USA- Currency manipulator monitoring list- India, Vietnam, Switzerland, Singapore China etc. (but -ve news as such MCQ✋)
Capitalism in Corona: TRAI recommended reserve price of ₹5.60LCR For selling 4G spectrum. DoT's highest body Digital
Communications Commission (DCC) accepted, but telecom cos citing losses in AGR & Corona(!) Govt desperate for ₹₹ by ⏬ta
collection in corona, so reserve price ⏬ 3.92Lcr.
Use of ICT: Gujarat Labour Department to have online MIS portal to track industrial accidents, how many victims, how much
compensation paid- transparency & fast tracking of Grievance redressal.
Malnutrition: NFHS-2019 ⏫Child malnutrition. 😰1) NFSA ₹6k but PM Matru Vandana Yojana gives only ₹5k for 1st child only
Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Anganwadi kendra lack basic infra 3) Not serving eggs for religious reasons 4)
lockdown: but take-home-ratio/cash not Given to all beneficiaries (Jean Dreze, p8)
(Reservation) Urdu medium schools run by Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation suffering from large vacancies of Urdu teachers
because Urdu learned candidates from reserved category not found, yet Govt not converting those vacancies into general cate
Then existing Muslim maths/science teachers forced to teach urdu grammar. (A'bad Ed)
Central Educational Institutions (Reservation in Teachers’ Cadre) Act 2019: “institutions of excellence,national/strategic import
walle research institutions, minority institutions” exempt from reservation. V.Ramgopal Committee suggested to put IITs in thi
scrap reservation- reveals RTI docx. (p10) Counter: ⏫of suicides/dropouts among IIT students from reserved community bec
struggling to cope up with semester exams in English med. Missing empathy?
US Airforce Col.Raja Chari 2b commander of SpaceX Crew-3 to International Space Station (ISS) by NASA +European Space A
(ESA).
Ahmedabad- ponzi scheme busted- scamster offering 1% return per day on investment. If city with high level of literacy, large
number of Bank branches- why do people fall prey to such scams? Greed, Desperation, Consumerism fuelled by movies and T
shows.
RS-MP suggested MPs shd be made Familiar with the rank and uniforms of Defence Services. Rahul Gandhi walks out of meet
precious time is being wasted in teaching GK, instead of more important issues like border security and terrorism. Q: You are
a meeting, where non-essential agenda is taken up, what will you do?
Ludwig van Beethoven- German musician/pianist- 250th Birth Anniversary in 2020. (p9 col4CSATP2)
Sir George Everest- Surveyors General of India after whom Mt. is named. His house in Uttarakhand developed in museum.
Communist Party of China (CPC) members have joined high ranking jobs in Multinational banking, Pharma, automobile etc com
to spread Chinese influence/insider trading.
S.Africa DNA profiling- Same person was involved in 30 different rape cases. India- DNA Technology regulation bill: Storing DN
profiles of Crime scene, unclaimed dead bodies, suspected persons etc Can help tracing repeat offenders. 😰Privacy concerns,
manipulation, scientific errors where DNA sample gets contaminated
Blurring Lines between corporates & politicians- CSR wing of a pvt company wins Local bodies election in Kerala. (PolSCI Optio
p10)

ELECTION Commission (EC) to file criminal cases against 3 IPS in MP for Distributing in last LS election. Civil service neutrality
Powers of DM: in last 4 years, 700+ people arrested for Land grabbing. Guj govt Land grabbing prohibition act with upto 14 y
member committee headed by DM will judge.
(GSM2) Separation of powers: SC to setup a Committee with members from Govt and farmers' sides to settle the ongoing pro
bcoz govt negotiations failed to resolve logjam. Lesson: Whenever one branch (execuive) becomes weak, the other (judiciary)
stronger
⚾️📻✋SC notice 2Govt 4Gender-religion neutral rules for diverse, alimony/Uniform Civil Code. SC petition declare Sanskrit -na
lang
Role of Media: Courts in Delhi & MH criticized Govt, Politicians, media for scapegoating the Tablighis as corona superspreaders
whereas many arrested muslims were not even present in the area during timeframe. Many foreigners arrested admitted in "p
bargain" only to avoid long trial & return home.
ISRO to launch CMS-01 Communication satellite using PSLV-C50
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋NERPSIP power project. (no fancy name then✋)

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Monoculture- Growing same crops every year- yield⏬, pest/disease Vulnerability ⏫. So, paddy and wheat monoculture needs
diversification (1) Pulses/Legumes for Nitrogen fixation (2) cotton, maize, ground nut, pulses, chana, mustard or sunflower etc
not procured at MSP so, farmers discouraged.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋FSDC meeting, LIBOR transition, Labour Bureau' survey, Pre budget consultation, 3.45 lakh Indian Auto Workers lo
Corona
DakPay - Payment Appby department of post
Pradhan Mantri Wireless Access Network Interface (PM-WANI)- Public Wi-Fi hotspot benefits: ✅a kirana shop owner, a tea-sta
vendor, or a Common Service Centre can resell/distribute internet to people as Public Data Offices (PDOs).✅ It will destroy th
cartelization of the Internet service providers(ISPs) and 3g/4g mobile cos / roaming charges. ✅UPI/BHIM created common pa
infrastructure that unbundled whose payment app you use! - 3Cs greater convenience,higher confidence and lower costs.✅pu
Fi access may be linked to Aadhar card to misuse/cybercrime⏬. (p7)
Corporate nationalism: Indian companies fuelling SC petitions and media propaganda against Amazon, Google, WhatsApp, fore
banks & Chinese Apps/companies. But Even Indian companies are known to engage in political corruption, crony capitalism an
unethical business practices (Kingfisher, Yes Bank, Satyam etc) therefore Companies should be regulated with uniform rules &
based on "Nationalistic sentiments"
Himalayan Serow: Donkey-goat like herbivore animal in altitudes between 2,000 metres and 4,000 metres. But spotted in Spit
that is much higher altitude. IUCN: Vulnerable.
French president E. Macron wants to add climate change as a goal in the constitution (need Parliamentary vote and referendu
Mainly for appeasing France's Green Party's voter base before 2022's election.
Work life balance- Doctors on Corona Duty for 6-7 months without any breaks → Mental health /concentration /focus ⏬. (1) C
with patients and relatives (2) Dead bodies are not handled in a dignified manner.(3) Incidence of hospital fire in Gujarat due
negligence. SC asks Govt to give them a break from work.
BRITISH PM Boris Johnson to be 26th Jan Republic Day chief guest
December 16, 1971: Pakistani forces had surrendered in the Bangladesh Liberation war. 50th anniversary hosted at National w
Memorial Delhi
Book: Pranab's "The Presidential Years"- his son wants to stop the release of the book bcoz excerpts in it, while daughter wan
publication to continue
Death: Indian aerospace scientist Roddam Narasimha, Padma Vibhushan, Karnataka.
Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha's Breach of privilege motion against journalist Arnab Goswami → Arnab goes to SC → SC to send n
Speaker to know his side of the story but Art194: powers and privileges of the Houses Art212: courts cannot inquiring into
proceedings of the house. So, MH Vidhan Sabha passed the resolution that speaker / Dy.Speaker not to respond to SCs
notice/summons.
Pak's anti-rape ordinance: (1) Chemical Castration with the consent of the habitual rapist (2) Special Court to finish cases in 4
(3) National database of sex offenders (4) Disclosing rape victim identity is punishable
Nepal Ordinance for reducing quorum requirement for Constitutional Council.
SC: Homeopathy practitioners can prescribe ‘immunity boosters’, can’t claim Covid cure
SARHAD Dairy: Kutch District Cooperative Milk Producers Union, popularly known as Sarhad Dairy -PM Modi to inaugurate (Uti
the border region to prevent the radicalisation Cooperative movements may be explored like this.)
technical recession - if growth rate is negative for two consecutive quarters (USA definition). RBI's December 2020 bulletin- In
Technical Recession.

World's largest Hybrid renewable energy park near the Indo- Pakistan border near Khavda, in Kutch, Gujarat. 30,000-MW capa
(solar+Wind) over 72,600 hectares of land along the border. Land allotted to Adani Green, Gujarat State Electricity company e
NFHS (1) caesarean delivery (C-section)⏫- 😰Dr doing unnecessarily to get more ₹₹? (2) # of reported Domestic violence cas
legal awareness ⏫.
Covid-19 virus spikes bind on human protein 'ACE2' → replicating. Replication efficiency of virus is measured through "codon
adaptation index". humans, ferrets, cats,civets and dogs vulnerable.
Policy for National Digital Health Mission (NDHM) to protect patient's data privacy.

Death: Author John Le Carre (born David Cornwell) known for spy thrillers like Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy (3 columns on him i

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PROJECT 17A: Indian PSUs build STEALTH FRIGATEs. 1st launched- "HimGiri"
22 Ex-Indian-Diplomats write Open letter- Canadian PM Justin Trudeau's remark over farmer agitation in India are driven by v
politics in Canada. Khalistanis control prominent Gurudwaras in Canada → use donation$ for anti-Indian activities and for finan
Canadian elections. (GSM2: Role of Diaspora)

Model code of conduct violation? BJP promising Free corona vaccine during Bihar election, Kerala CM doing same in local elect
Conduct of a leader: If leaders in a political party can give certain statements, then others also have the freedom to speak the
But if a leader holds a Constitutional post, he should not comment. (J&K Lt Gov when asked to comment on Amit Shah's rema
Gupkar Gang)
Secularism: Assam: State-run Madrasa will be converted into regular schools, State run Sanskrit tolls will be converted into stu
/research centres.
Parliament Session: (1) Budget (Feb2May), (2) Monsoon (Jul2Sept), (3) Winter (Nov2Dec). 2020-Corona: No winter session. d
budget session from Jan'2021. maximum gap between two sessions of Parliament cannot be more than six months.
Role of media: SSR Death/Suicide- 450 personnel from CBI,ED,Maharashtra Police - 6cr in salary bill Solving a single case! bec
Media turned it into a sensation, while neglecting China Pakistan border, corona, Delhi LSR college girl commits suicide becaus
couldn't afford a laptop for e-Learning during Corona.
Tech Diplomacy / Governance: (1) D10 group for 5G suppliers outside China (2) Trump's “Artemis Accords 2020” - a set of pri
for outer space exploration-India not yet joined (3) G20 Osaka Declaration on Digital economy - India not signed (4) Global
Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) by India, France, 15 nations. || While India has taken a lead Global Solar and disas
initiatives But we also need to play Global leader in diplomacy for cyber-security, right to privacy,integrity of political processes
content moderation social media,preventing tech monopolies, digital trade and taxation, trans-border data flows and robotic w
(P11, Rajamohan)
5C’s of Water Vulnerability: Climate Change, Contaminants, Co-occurrence, Conflicts,and Covid-19 (Subject of Virtual conferen
IIT GNR- useful in Essay)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Tata in the race to buy Air India (✋Let the final result come)

⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋"NRI Postal Voting"- non-Gulf NRIs to get it 1st. (Let it notify → CA-PDF wala will cover)| Vera Sarin Petition in Sup
Court to declare 1975 emergency unconstitutional, where her family's jewellary business for seized & family forced to leave In
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Ayurved post graduates to do surgery - controversy (p10, REF Dec5)

Motor vehicle act 2019 third party vehicle insurance is mandatory. It covers the death/disability/damage loss of the third-party
accident. 50% Indian vehicles are not insured- People do not renew them. Road accidents cause financial hardship to people.
If we aspire for $5 trillion dollar economy then current farming laws and banking sector laws need to be reformed. But people
of change, even though the change name be beneficial to them after a decade. (p7)
Eye transplant may also spread Corona infection

Diversity requirements: USA's NASDAQ stock exchange may soon require all listed companies to include at least one female, 1
minority, 1 LGBTQ community member on their board of directors. Indian Company Act also requires public listed companies t
at least one female board member- The debate between inclusivity versus merit. Criticism (1) Not real inclusivity because of o
female relatives are appointed to fill quotas (2) While transgender may be given job reservation for economic hardship, but co
board of director level appointment should be based on merit and not LGBTQ / sexual orientation.
Punjab prison DIG resigns to support protesting farmers. Earlier 2 IAS officers also resigned against some government policies
Faizal, Kannan Gopinathan). Critics argue it is done for starting a Political career, they have wasted a precious seat, Civil Serva
Neutrality VERSUS Freedom of conscience (a person's moral sense of right and wrong).
Fire safety- Gujarat: Fresh engineers and fire safety graduate will be designated as fire safety officers (FSO) → They will act a
freelance professionals similar to CA/Auditors and will give inspect & issue no objection certificate (NOC) to building owners fo
safety, and charge fees. Govt's fireoffer will Randomly check a few buildings to ensure no malpractices.

IF Optional Political Science / Sociology: columns on political dissent (p6), women, patriarchy, inter community relationships (p

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Mountain height can be measured using (1) trigonometry (2) GPS (3) flying planes with laser beams (LiDAR). Mount Everest la
height. Mt. Everest (PeakXV) 8848mt+86cm⏫due to Northward movement of Indian tectnoic plate.
(1) World is a competitive place. As India is rising, other nations will try to limit/prevent it- Because our demand for Climate ch
Global trade, data privacy etc may not align with their interests. (2) Need to focus on hard power, Synergy between foreign po
military policy. Canada, Norway or Sweden may not require large standing Army because they do not have unsettled border d
or intense terrorism. (p9)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Draft Rules on code of wages definition of basic pay allowance | IFSCA gold Bullion exchange norms | GSTR-3B Fo
be auto populated | DHFL fraud | 24/7RTGS|GDP to ⏬10%
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Health ministry is National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2019-20. Previous survey was done in 2015. (1) Malnutriti
among children⏫ (2) Gap in Internet access between Rural-urban / male-female is wide. (LET CA_PDF walla Make comprehen
summary of it)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) Judgements on IPS deputation an ongoing controversy in West Bengal | Bod
territorial Council elections in Assam | Maharashtra Ordinance for OBC reservation
Oct 2020- Atmanirbhar 2.0-‘Special Assistance to States for Capital Expenditure’/CAPEX scheme- Union to loan ₹12,000 crore
interest-free 50-year loan to states, exclusively for capital expenditure like, health, rural development, water supply, irrigation,
transport, education, urban development.
Labour unrest in Apple iPhone factory in Karnataka vehicle burned, phones looted Over salary dispute. Economic Survey2020-
Assemble in India had highlighted this challenge. India cannot become part of the Global assembly line if Logistic And Labour
harm the supply chain
SC PIL-Implement two child norm to control population. government response -already total fertility rate⏬from 3.2 (2000) →
(2018) , Coercive methods/Forced sterilization etc not useful
Vikas Dube was a notorious Gangster killed police encounter. But, Now some youngsters have created facebook fan pages “Vi
Dubey amar rahe” (Long live Vikas Dubey)- Such group have 1200 to 10000 members. Youngster feel that it is their freedom
speech and expression. Web series like Narcos, Sacred games, Mirzapur etc also glorify the lives of gangsters. SP superintend
police what will you do to reduce the the charm of rowdyism/gangsters among the youth in your district
Death: U.A. KHADER- Malayalam author
2020 Novr-Election code of conduct rules 1961: govt ⏫ Election expenditure limits by 10%-Large States (1) LS-₹77l, (2)Vidha
Sabha-30.8l. This amount lower for smaller states/UT. (59lakh4LS, 22Lakh4VS). Now, Election Commission asking opinion of p
parties on revising the expenditure limits in elections
Kerala to give free vaccines to all.(Tamilnadu and Madhya Pradesh also announced) Kerala versus your home state model of
development.
Mumbai: Ashokan Era Mahakali Rock cut Caves. Some, movie studio wants to buy this land
Climate ambition Summit 2020: Modi says " (1) ⏬Carbon emission intensity by 21% ✅ (2) Renewable energy target 175GW b
450GW by 2030". China plans for Carbon neutrality by 2060. This Summit is hosted by UK,UN,France,Italy and Chile, to mark
anniversary of the Paris Agreement. challenges (1) USA left deal. (2) Argentina, Mexico, UK, Japan, Canada, Germany, France
announced NET ZERO GHG targets but no hard action being done on ground / accountability mechanism missing. (3) Fairness
CBDR. India cannot be expected to do as much as UK/France considering poverty, resource constraints. India's Contribution to
<10% and Per capita emission is less than 2 tons.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋RBI guidelines for resolution plans for covid-19 By corporates
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋West Bengal IPS officers deputation to Centre controversy after BJP
15th FC Boss NK Singh: Annually ₹6-7lcr schemes. Are we getting corresponding benefits? Need more rationalization in schem
Economics of animal rearing: Crossbred cow takes 17-18 months to reach puberty for insemination. + 9-10 months of pregna
starts milk at 28 months. Subsequent calvings, every 13-14 months. Farmers usually don’t keep a cow beyond 5-6 calvings, w
yields ⏬ so feeding becomes expensive.Thus cow becomes unproductive at 7-8 years. Buffaloes Productive age 9 to 10 years
Species Bos taurus - cows, bulls, bullocks and calves, but not buffaloes, that belong to a separate species Bubalus bubalis. Sta
anti cow protection laws - cow population ⏬ while buffalo population ⏫. (p1)
Union and State governments hv many schemes providing subsidies' DBT to farmers for purchase of solar pump set, organic f
food processing unit etc. But agriculture officials demand 20-25% cut/bribe For approving the project. so, DBT itself is not pan
Discretionary powers of the officers also need to be ⏬

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3D printing or additive manufacturing - computer-aided design & printing of 3d parts. For certain automobile, circuit boards &
implants its cheaper. MEITY Ministry working on draft policy. Largest players 1) China (50%) 2) Japan 3) S.Korea.
5 types of malarial parasites — Plasmodium falciparum (majority in India), vivax (the commonest ones),P. malariae, P. knowle
Plasmodium Ovale. P Ovale Malaria occurs in Sudan / W.Africa. Indian soldiers got in UN posting brought to Kerala.But not ver
serious.
RAJA JON Vurputoor Chari: an Indian-American US Air Force colonel selected by manned mission to Moon.
Time’s Person of the Year: Joe Biden & Kamala Harris.

Environment ministry portal Parivesh- people told to Voluntarily disclose ownership of Exotic pets like iguana, snakes, turtles,c
macaws, gibbon, crocodiles, pygmy falcons etc by 31/12/2020, then immunity from prosecution. (Explained p13)
Presidential years- 4th vol of ex-Prez Pranab M's memoirs. 3rd volume- Coalition years| recall Obama's book: "A promised land
100kg gold missing from CBI custody. Madras HC ordered local police to probe. CBI officers opposed "Gold weighing
methods/machines faulty .Our Prestige will be ⏬if we are investigated by local policemen!" But HC rejects CBI arguments.
Paris Olympics 2024: breakdance added as a medal sports. to ⏫the viewership among youth. (Versus Controversial suggestio
dropping wrestling, shooting because not enough 'audience'/sponsors.)
Death: Paolo Rossi Italian footballer in the 80s| Kim Ki Duk South Korean filmmaker
International Bharati Festival 2020 to mark 138th birth anniversary of Tamil poet Subramania Bharati
ECI/E-Gov: 90cr voters. Printing Elector’s Photo Identity Card (EPIC)-₹10-15 each. Planning for e-Voter ID- stored as PDF
15th FC Boss NK Singh: Need to review the 7th schedule legislative power b/n Union and State. It has eroded over the period
e.g. agri, land, labour, banking, law and order, technology, globalization etc.
Shahtoot Dam: India to build this dam in Afghanistan

EU climate deal: 27 Nations to ⏬GHG by 40% (2030), NET 0 by 2050. Eastern nations like Poland very poor, require a lot of f
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋CCI finds Cartelization among Indian beer companies|Factory output ⏫to pre-covid levels
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋India, Uzbekistan sign 9 pacts. Prepare the collective interest for all Central Asian countries
Govt planning to to list G-Sec in global bond markets to get funding @cheaper rates from Non resident investors
Facebook bought Instagram @$1bn, WhatsApp @$19bn-monopoly in Social media. USA authorities now thinking of breaking u
ownership & preventing Facebook from acquiring more companies.
HRD: JEE-Mains reforms. Before- only 2 times a year, 90Qs. 2021: 4 times a year, attempt 75Qs out of 90 (Due to Corona som
School Board had reduced syllabus)
To stop custodial death/torture, SC ordered installation of cctv cameras in all police stations. But 😰(1) if tortured offsite / cam
blind spots (2) night vision, audio/video temperating (3) Mindset won’t not change until strict punishments are given. | Bhutan
Parliament law to decriminalize homosexuality
Pirotan Island is a coral island in Gulf of Kutch, near Jamnagar Marine National Park (MNP), Gujarat. Since 2010 closed for tou
now State govt thinking of resuming
Death: Indian contemporary dancer Astad Deboo, Padma Shree.
1999: United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolution#1267 for sanctions against Al Quida and Laden. UNSC 1267 Commit
looks after sanction on terrorists- Travel ban, asset freeze, arms embargo. 2020-Controversy: It allowed PakGov to pay ₹1.5
lakh/month to 26/11 Mumbai mastermind Zakiur Rehman Lakhvi.
Drug Tourism: Malana cream is a charas from Malana Valley of Himachal. It's rich in tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) so gives
⏫psychedelic effect. Cannabis is grown in HP for making footwear etc. But Charas illegal under the Narcotic Drugs and Psycho
Substances Act (NDPS) 1985
heavy rainfall, hailstorms, thunderstorms, and cloudbursts ⏫by20x
Micro climatic zones: where the weather is different from surrounding areas. New study finds that some districts which were f
prone have now become drought-prone and vice versa. Over 75% districts of India Have become hotspots of extreme weathe
events. In last 50 years- flood frequency ⏫by8x, while land slides,
J&K HC: Government officials are like Kumbhkaran- sleeping. Laziness of govt official - loss of tax payers' money. Their lazy at
will not change unless top most authorities are held accountable for their action.

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Social Media: NITI Aayog CEO "India has too much democracy that difficult too much democracy so difficult to reforms in agri
labour laws". He defends my words taken out of context, due to social media's culture of preferring clickbaits/brevity instead o
depth /length / rationality of discussion
Indo-Bangla: Railway b/n Haldibari in Cooch Behar to Chilahati in northern Bangladesh was stopped since 1965- Now it will be
resumed in 2020-Dec. | India Nepal Air-bubble agreement for easier air travel for citizens.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Govt planning working hours limits on service sector work from home employees in the OSH (Occupational Safety
and Working Conditions) Code.| CCI raid on cement cartels, IRCTC disinvestment, UPL Whistleblower | Battle between Tata So
Shapoorji Pallonji group
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋EPFO interest8.5% (2019-20). Earlier proposal to 'split' & give it in 2 installments due to Corona slowdown, but now
given in single installment.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Parliament New building Bhumi Pujan
Nobel Winner Abhijeet Banerjee- need to relax foreign ownership rules of Indian Bank to attract more capital. it's flawed to th
Indian capitalists are good and foreign capitalists are bad!
Prime Minister WiFi Access Network Interface (PM- WANI) → Public Wifi scheme through Public Data Offices (PDO).
GSM2- Scheme design implementation: (1) ICDS → 14 lakh Anganwadi centres (AWCs) for pre-schooling of children below6yr
many don't hv water/toilet/medicine/food. poor families sending kids to private nurseries- savings⏬. (p8) (2) Prime Minister's
Employment Generation Programme(PMEGP) —provide financial assistance for self employment/micro enterprises but banks n
approving ₹/loans in Jharkhand so 10,000 applicants stuck.
Jail/death for rape, acid attack, child abuse: (1) 2019-Andhra Disha Act (2) 2020- Maharashtra Shakti criminal law Bill:
INDIAN Air Force (IAF) objected to Netflix film where Anil Kapoor donned the Airforce officer uniform while using very foul/ab
language. Artistic freedom versus public morality & respect for defense services.
Death: Hindi poet-journalist Manglesh Dabral, won Sahitya Academy Award in 2000

Tripura MLAs demand replacing CM Biplab Deb for his Dictator style functioning. CM announcing 'Public mandate'- "Whether h
continue or not?"- Q: Recall is a method by means of which the voters can remove a representative or an officer before the ex
his term, when he fails to discharge his duties properly. What are your thoughts on introducing this mechanism in India?
Threats to Federalism- 1) state consent required but Union bifurcated Andhra, removed 370 in Kashmir even after opposition
Vidhan Sabhas.(2) increasing presidentialisation of national politics, ⏬charisma of CM, a single-party dominance with powerfu
messaging power on social media (3) hyper-localism, domicile reservation, anti-migrant/outsiders (4) Security threats in J&K,
require more union intervention. (p8)
France law against Islamic radicalism(1) Compulsory school frm 3yr (2) Mosques hv2 register & disclose donations (3) doctor
give virginity certificate to brides.
Karnataka: anti-cow slaughter law: All type of cattle slaughter banned except buffalo >13yrs. Critiques (1) Farmers can't sell
old/unproductive animals to slaughterhouses (2) Didnot get enough debate in Vidhan Sabha.
Indus Valley: Alamgirpur (Meerut, UP), two in Masudpur (Hisar, Haryana), Lohari Ragho (Hisar), Khanak (Bhiwani, Haryana) –
Farmana town (Rohtak) and Rakhigarhi city (Hisar)- new study on ancient ceramic vessels finds : people ate meat of
pigs,cattle,buffalo,sheep and goat, and dairy products.
Article 243E, 243U: PRI/ULB tenure 5yr from 1st meeting. Guj Tenure ending in 2020-Dec but State election commission elect
to Corona so SC orders CEOs to run local bodies temporarily, without taking policy decisions
(GSM3: Cyber security) Maharashtra Op. BlackFace against Child porn. Acquired an interpol software to detect websites.
Beresheet-2: Israeli unmanned lunar mission 2024.| Vaccine: Pfizer to have Differential pricing based on GDP of the country.
Russian Foreign minister- "We oppose Quad (USA,Aussie,Japan,India)- India is becoming a tool of Western Nations' unipolar m
but Russia and China will not become subordinate to it! Russia believes only in G20 outside UN"
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Pandemic lessons learnt, database on migrants may be ready by June. Let it be notified first! | IRDAI for standard
accident insurance product | NEFT already 24/7. RTGS becomes 24/7 from Dec.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋“Assam's NRC (National Register of Citizens) prepared by former officer Prateek Hajela is flawed. Final list yet to be
published by the Registrar General of India (RGI)”- says new NRC officer in HC

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Small marginal farmer own 85% of agrarian land. They are unable to generate enough large marketable surplus, need to borr
→ # of agri households with debt: Maharashtra (57%), UP (44%). 2013's Land Acquisition Act and 2020's Draft Environment
Assessment (draft) makes it easier to get land for industries/infrastructure. Similarly, Karnataka Land Reforms Act, 1961: only
can buy land. 2020 State govt want to change it. more displacement → more agrarian unrest. (Counter: Small farmer need to
shifted from Agro2mfg)
750 million Internet users in India but 300 million still trapped in 2G speed. Faster internet req for e-learning, e-medicine, e-ju
etc. 5G: Digital Communications Commission (DCC), the highest executive decision-making body of the DoT announced sale o
8300MHz spectrum for 5G at reserve price at Rs 5.22 Lcr. Airtel,Vodafone not in position to afford. Jio may get a monopoly &
5g in 2021.
Government can acquire any land for construction of Highway, under National Highways Authority of India(NHAI) Act,1956. H
⏫economic, human & sustainable Development- SC
CDSCO's Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules, 2019: They do not use the term "Emergency use authorisation-EUA", it's called "Acce
approval process". (Explained, p11)
Eluru town in Andhra: >500 sick with Mystery disease, traces of lead and Nickel in blood sample
Health Ministry's National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration of Covid-19 (NEGVAC): Vaccine priority → front-line staff, ov
age, young at risk | Drugs / Vaccines: Molnupiravir (stops Corona Transmission 24 hrs).
(GSM2: Pressure groups) NITI CEO: "Tough reforms are very difficult in India because we are too much of a democracy- parti
labour, agriculture, mining, electricity" It requires very strong political determination and administrator will. We want to overta
China as a manufacturing nation. But it'll not happen out of holding seminars and webinars. Very hard-headed, ground-level a
required. Inevitable some of the pressure groups will get unhappy because of losing their power. (labour union, APMC middlem
lobby, farmer leaders)
2019's NZ: ChristChurch Attack 51 Muslims killed by White supremacist Gunman. Enquiry Commission faults security agencies
excessive focus on Islamic terrorism while neglecting other threats / lax firearm licensing.
Nepal and China Government certify that height of Mt.Everest is 8848.86 meters.-86 cm higher than 1954. 2015 Nepal earthq
that triggered the debate whether height had reduced or increased?
Mt. Everest- 1st to climb: New Zealand's Sir Edmund Hillary & Nepal's Tenzing Norgay in 1953
Municipal Elections shd be contested on local devlp issues but in Hyderabad - renaming city (Bhagyanagar), religious divide (H
Muslim), son of soils (throw away migrants,) etc. This weakens local government,
General MM Naravane becomes 1st Indian Army chief to visit UAE and Saudi
USA's religious freedom report 2020: Pak, China, Myanmar, Eritrea, Iran, Nigeria, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Turkm
engaged in systematic violations of religious freedom.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ UK mein who got 1st Pfizer vaccine, Canada’s province which Indian person became speaker?
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ State Maritime bodies oppose Indian ports bill 2020 | ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Draft E-Commerce Policy
2019- Jet Airways biz collapsed but with new investors, it'll resume operations in 2021 summer.
More vaccine developers apply for Emergency use approval 1) Bharat Biotech (COVAXIN) (2) Serum Institute of India (Covash
based on UK's Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine AZD1222)
Sugam portal by health ministry's Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) → online approval of drugs/its trials @
controller general of India (DCGI) and State Food and Drug Administration (StateFDA).
Venezuela: President Nicolas maduro claims victory in election
Bob Dylan Nobel peace prize winning American musician sells his 600 song catalogue for 300 million
Olympian Anju Bobby George has only single kidney, yet has won medals.
Eco bridges/Eco-Ducts to help the wildlife animals, apes and reptiles to cross highways in Uttarakhand. (p11)
Book: Gun Island by Amitav Ghosh
Book: RABINDRANATH Tagore Literary Prize- Founded by US-based publisher Peter Bundalo (2018). Now 2020's prize given to
Kamal Jha's book "The City and the Sea"
Tagore Prize for Social Achievement 1) Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said (Oman) (2) Indian dancer Sandip Soparrkar

(Child Competition) Dubious marketing strategies by startup company: Even before a child has learned basic mathematics, the
marketing courses for teaching them computer coding. Parents feel pressurized to enroll the child because of competitive atm
Some of these online companies even making false claims that "XYZ child got crores of ₹₹ package from Google." (p11)

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Chattisgarh- 4 minors held for raping class9 girl for 15 days. Reasons for increasing instances of involved juveniles in sexual c
what can be done to combat it?
Disproportionate asset: Suggest technological solutions to curb this. (Hint: Economic Survey2020 suggested Technological solu
curb bad loans just rinse and repeat the points.)
Many Athletes from Punjab Haryana belt threatening to return their Khel Ratna Awards but Indian Olympic Association (IOA) c
it- Protesting for a cause vs returning awards are two separate things- Award is given by the President on behalf of people of
and not a political party.
(Smart weapons) Iran claims Israel killed its top nuclear scientist using a satellite controlled machine gun which was hidden in
Actual shooter was not present.
Environmental diplomacy: China is pursuing "coercive environmentalism". President Xi decide the strict norms against polluting
industries. But in democratic Nations "liberal environmentalism" pursued, because difficult to bring consensus among different
parties in the coalition governments and in the federal vs state power struggle. US President Joe Biden willing to get back into
and China is also willing agree for more GHG cuts depending on US action. US President Biden may impose new range of fore
policy tools like higher taxes and sanctions against polluting products. Indian diplomacy must get ready for these challenges.
(Rajamohan, p7)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Kisan Bharat Bandh, SC Stays Central Vista construction | JHARKHAND govt- announcing loan waiver for farmers &
replace PM Kisan Bima Yojna with the state’s own Fasal Rahat Yojna.

PSUs gave ₹155 cr from staff salaries & >2000cr frm CSR funds to the Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance & Relief in Emergen
Situations (PM CARES) fund. “PMCARES is not a public authority under the RTI Act.Hence controversy about how the money is
Quarterly Return filing & Monthly Payment of Taxes (QRMP) scheme: small dealers in GST(1word-asso)
- China controls 75% mfg of Lithium batteries (req4 e-vehicles) & 70% of solar cells. India needs to ⏫R&D and aquires globa
of lithium.
(DATA) Corona: >200 mn 2b added into extreme poverty → Total 1 bn extreme poverty by 2030- UNDP
Book: The New Map: Energy, Climate and the Clash of Nations- by Daniel Yergin
Covid corruption: Govt has used Private hospitals for treatment of covid patients & later amount is reimbursed. (1) Govt officia
demanding 10% cut in releasing ₹₹ to private hospital owner(2) Private hospital owner showing fake data to ⏫ the number o
patients by 10% to pay bribes. As health secretary (IAS) how will you prevent such scams?
Mobile gaming: ⏫cases of (1) youth stealing money from parents/grandparents' bank accounts to buy / unlock weapons and
mobile games. (2) skipping school homework / assignment submission etc. (3) vulgar & abusive language/temperament learn
online gaming chat. Way forward? Role of parents, teachers, government?
INS Viraat Decommissioned (2017), shipbreaking to be done in Alang,Guj. Some groups want it converted into a museum but
ministry rejected
Global GHG emission largest nations: China 30%> USA 15%>Europe 10%>4th is India 7%
NATIONAL Highways Authority of India says "Creating green tree cover, removing encroachments on highways- is the respons
contractors (and not ours)" National green tribunal criticises, "NHAI, Despite being a statutory body lacks a sense of responsib
Environment
Jupiter orbits the sun @every 12 ys, Saturn @29 yrs. 2020-Dec: They will appear very close to each other, known as "Great
Conjunction".
Global Coalition for Carbon Neutrality (2017) 15+ nations group for Better implementation of Paris agreement. India not a me
yet.
Virtual Climate Ambition Summit (2020): UK + France + UN and a few other nations organizing this summit to mark the 5th
anniversary Paris Agreement.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ PETROLEUM and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB)'s new tariff structure for natural gas pipelines to ⏬gas p
users who're faraway from sources of gas. (1word-asso)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Vivad Se Vishwas- new technical reforms by I-T Dept. |
TRADE RECEIVABLES and Discounting System (TReDS)- online portal wherein MSME pledge unpaid invoices to get Short term
from banks and nbfc. RBI permitted in 2014. eg. portal Receivable Exchange of India (RXIL) — set up by SIDBI +National Sto
Exchange (NSE). Now loaning ⏫-signs of economic recovery.

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Cairns Group (a place in Australia) is an 20 agricultural exporting countries' group including Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Brazil
Canada etc. The want WTO members to ⏬/stop agri subsidies so these exporters nation can compete against Indian farmers.
when Canada PM expresses care for Indian farmers- hypocrisy.
Indico-2 / Llanos oil block in Columbia. ONGC Videsh to explore.
Bank board Bureau recommends S.Ramman as SIDBI CMD.
Book: Jugalbandi-The BJP before Modi : Vinay Sitapati. (Earlier a biography of PM Rao)
Book: Troubled blood detective novel by Harry Potter-walli JK Rowling under the pseudonym 'Robert Galbraith'
JCB Prize for Literature for an Indian author- 2020 given to Malayalam Author S. Hareesh for novel Moustache'.
American president has a special aircraft named Air Force One similarly we are testing Air India One aircraft - for President,PM
with defense capacity.

Old parliament construction started in 1921, Inaugurated by Lord Irwin (1927). Modi's Central Vista project- redevelopment of
Parliament, PM office, PM house etc. 2020: New Parliament building foundation stone to be laid by PM. Old Parliament building
preserved as an archaeological site. @Present, LS strength - 543, RS- 245. New Building RS-384, LS-888 sitting capacity. Duri
session, new LS chamber can accommodate all members of LS+RS. HCP company designed,Tata to construct contract, cost R
Japanese space agency JAXA's spacecraft Hayabusa 2 returning Earth with samples from asteroid Ryugu. It'll land in the barre
of Woomera, South Australia.
Indian Commerce Ministry's DPIIT dept signs Intellectual property Corporation memorandum of understand (MoU) with US Pa
trademark office.
USA ends 5-year Cultural program with China calling it a soft power propaganda tool.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Forex⏫/⏬| Delhi Petrol@83, AirIndia investment controversies | Jharkhand joint GST compensation 1. (More in M
Win21 Series)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ MEA minister Jaishankar skips video call with Canadian foreign minister.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋IIMs vs Education ministry autonomy controversy
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Pfizer applying for Emergency use licence in India| Bahrain becomes 2nd nation after UK to approve emergency-us
the coronavirus vaccine made by Pfizer and its German partner BioNTech
MPC: Repo rate is the rate @which RBI lends money to its clients for short term while taking G-Sec as collateral. To combat in
repo shd be ⏫ → expensive loans → ⏬demand → ⏬inflation. RBI monetary policy committee required to control the inflation
2 to 6% of CPI all India. Inflation @7.6%(Oct), So in theory repo⏫ req, but corona-slowdown - RBI does not want the loans t
become more expensive. so repo rate unchanged at 4%.(More in Mru's Win21 Series)
RBI: KV Kamath Committee walle 26 stressed sectors brought under TLTRO | Banks prohibited from from paying dividend| co
credit card limit ⏫ to 5k| digital payment guidelines etc (More in Mru's Win21 Series)

Coalition government -Individual entrepreneurs become more power e.g. early 90s "Andhrapreneurs" from Andhra like GVK, G
Nagarjun fertilizer, Gangavaram port etc. Because small-coalition partners would pressurize Union to grant relief to
liquor/mining/apmc/Highway contractor/land sharks who funded their election. Whereas Non-coalition government @Centre-
“conglomerate” capitalism become dominant: when majority of sectors are held by just 2-3 dominant players, Instead of large
of individual entrepreneurs e.g. Ambani (petrochemicals, telecom and retail), Tata (steel, vehicles, salt and IT services), Birla (
aluminium and chlor-alkali) and Adani (ports, power, edible oil, airports). It results in centralisation of the economic & political
IB ministry orders TV channels not to show online-sports-gambling ads as per Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 199
Consumer Protection Act,2019
Niti Aayog on Friday published a draft for discussion to regulate online fantasy sports platforms (OFSP) like Dream11, Mobile P
League and My11Circle etc- they're operating in grey areas between sports betting and fantasy gaming.
National education policy- offering graduation programs in local languages. But if entire B.Tech in local languages → faculty
recruitment will be from 'local language' persons. But good education faculties from global level”,says IIT director.
Ayush Ministry Notification allowing Ayurvedic practitioners to perform surgeries, criticized by Indian Medical Association. Ayur
Shalya Tantra- general surgery, Shalakya Tantra - surgery4eyes, ears, nose, throat, teeth (Explained, p13)
Singapore becomes the first country to allow lab grown chicken meat sale. benefit?1) ⏬zootonic disease, E.Coli & Salmonella
2)⏬methane emission from Animal husbandry 3)⏫food availability. (Explained, p13)
Dalit assaulted for using upper caste surname. As DM/SP How will you prevent atrocities & ⏫social harmony?

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Post-370 removal: Union to create Waqf boards A) two boards in J&K UT- one for Shia, one for Sunni B) one board in Ladakh
Shias in Kargil. Waqf boards look after Waqf properties, Dargah, Shrines.
Vivek Murthy: US Surgeon General selected by President Biden. He held the same post in Obama administration
Marine mammals such as whale and dolphin - their blood is unique because 1) More red blood cells → Higher oxygen carrying
capacity 2) Higher oxygen-carrying protein suggest myoglobin, neuroglobin etc.3) sometimes Blood clotting mechanism absen
(Explained, p13)
Death: Dineshwar Sharma (IPS)- administrator of Lakshadweep union territory, interlocutor Jammu Kashmir, ex-IB chief
post-Covid order will require re-learning, re-thinking, re-innovating, and re-inventing.
Dr.Ambedkar lived at 10 King Henry’s Road in Camden, UK during his student days at the London School of Economics. (1921
This house will be converted into a Museum.
China's Chang'e-5 mission was launched with "Long-March-5" rocket. Now returning back with 2 kg moon rocks.
2017- Saudi, UAE, Bahrain, Egypt cut diplomatic ties with Qatar but now trying to revive the relations to isolate Iran.
Usually vaccines are developed by inactivated / weakened virus in lab. But, Corona vaccines by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna-
are based on m-RNA tech. They inject Messenger-mRNA which tells human body to develop a Corona shaped protein structur
very unstable. Challenges: (1) requires -20-70C storage. How many dose required | Is the immunity permanent? (2) Indian po
nutrition -weak immunity.
UK's Varkey Foundation Global teacher prize 2020: $1mil to Maharashtra's Ranjitsinh Disale. Hei voluntarily decided to share h
the prize with 9 other contestant teachers. He promoted girl education through QR coded textbooks.
Virat Kohli became the fastest cricketer to score 12,000 runs in ODI, breaking Sachin's record.
Malayan Giant Squirrel found in parts of NE, could vanish post-2050 due to Jhum, poaching. says Zoological Survey of India. "
Threatened" in IUCN list. (page11)
(Case Study) SC stays Gujarat HC’s community service order for mask rule violators bcoz State gov feels it'll ⏫ Corona spread
Normal people engaged in COVID hospital community service.
Death: Historian Vishwa Natha Datta- known for books on Jallianwala Bagh, Sati,Madan Lal Dhingra etc
Death: MDH: Mahashian di Hatti spices company founder Mahashay Dharampal Gulati@98 age. migrated frm Pak
4 Dec 1971: Indian navy sunk Paki ships in Op Trident, so 'Navy Day'. To monitor China@Ladakh, Navy used Poseidon P8I
surveillance aircraft and Heron aircraft.India currently has one aircraft carrier, INS Vikramaditya, and a second one—INS Vikra
under construction
Army reforms: Chief of the Army Staff (General) → Vice Chief → (new post) Deputy Chief of strategy to act as single point adv
person to Vice chief. Need was felt since 2017's China Doklam crisis
UN Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND)- International convention on narcotic drugs: "Cannabis (used for making Charas, & s
medicines)" removed from most-dangerous list (Heroine etc still kept) for encouraging medical use. India, USA, Europe voted
remove, China Pakistan Russia voted "NO". India's Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS)Act, 1985 -cannabis sti
punishable offence.
Bhashan Char, or floating island in Bay of Bengal: Bangladesh govt shifting the Myanmar's rohingya refugees to this isolated I
because presently refugees overcrowding mainland, ⏫Organised crime, disease. UN worried.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ GST Compensation Back2Backloans Jharkhand only state remaining not to join option-1. | SC disagrees: GST to co
on lottery/ gambling. (Wait4 Mrunal's Win21CSP Series.)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Gold prices ⏬because Vaccine-economic recovery to come, investors shifting from gold to shares. (Explained p13)
Bank frequent power/server failures. RBI halt it from issuing new credit cards
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Explained: "NRI Postal Voting". Too much 'chronological commentary' very little on pros & cons- which we need fo
(p13) Better do from CA-PDF.
Industrialists demand loan restructuring but SC "Govt has to arrange affairs based on its economic capacity."
Ahmedabad was 1st to launch Municipal bonds ('98). 2020-Lucknow 9th city in India & 1st in North India.
Gujarat HC- Mask rule violators will hv to do community service in covid hospital
UK to be 1st western country to start vaccination (Pfizer) in 2020-Dec. China-Russia already started b4 in Asia.
Total fertility rate (TFR) replacement level 2.1. China@1.5. Govt worried population ⏬. 2nd child since ‘16
3rd December International Day for PH. 1bn PH in world. 40 million PH in India, out of them 45% Illiterate. only 4 PH MP in
Parliament since independence. Cerebral palsy not eligible for Indian Foreign Service. Notable schemes: ADIP, Sugamya
Bharat/Accessible India. Mental Healthcare act 2017. (Tharoor, p9)

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26th Jan Chief Guest: 2018-10ASEAN leaders, 2019-S.Africa's Cyril, 2020-Brazil Bolsonaro, 2021-UK's Boris Johnson(unconfirm
Calculated move to sign India-UK trade/security agreements post-BREXIT
Oscar nominated 'Juno| Xmen|Inception actor Elliot Page: 'I am a transgender address me with pronoun he/they'
Jharkhand government staff asked to submit an affidavit to stop consuming all forms of tobacco WEF 1st April 2021. But no pe
clarified.

Online sports betting is prohibited in all state UT except Sikkim. But in live match online betting sites giving TV ads. (pros- Leg
earn taxes, & ⏬mafia influence as many other nations did. Cons- Gambling not Gandhian value. Financial ruin of family)
Cyclone Amphan caused $14 billion loss to India- Costliest cyclone for Indian Ocean. Due to global warming 96 cyclones acros
in 2020.
La Nina-Global cooling effect. El Nino-warmer temperature. 20% chance Global temperature will exceed pre-industrial level by
by 2024.
Railway to stop recruitment Bunglow peon (Telephone attendant cum Dak Khalasi: TADK). But, other group D staff may be de
with their consent. PM Modi had asked Railways to stop this practice & and give ₹₹ to the officers to hire private peons. Simila
burning issues in the police and military orderlies- that it's not best use of Government human resources.
Article 129: Suo-moto Contempt powers to the supreme court. e.g. Prashant Bhushan then Attorney General or Solicitor gener
consent not required. Contempt of courts act 1974: AG/SG can bring Contempt of court case @SC/HC, if suo-moto not done. B
private citizen making such application, then AG/SG consent required e.g. AG consent in Rachita Tanjea / Kunal Kamra case -
Arnab-SC satire. (Explained, p13)
No female Chief Justice of India so far. only 2 female judges in SC out of 34. Only 80 female judges in HC out of 1113. Wome
constitute less than 10% Judges in (HC+SC). Need to ⏫ female judges for gender sensitization and sexual violence cases.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Privatisation of BPCL| Jack Ma's ANT company EXIT from Paytm
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Lesser florican bird migrate from Western India to Peninsular India for breeding season
(Capitalism) Corona test ₹4500 in private labs, after Guj Govt notification ₹800 if @lab, ₹1100@home. Earlier too GujGovt ord
pvt schools to cut fees by 25% due to Corona. Thus, free reign of capitalism not suitable for public welfare.
(Capitalism) HDFC outsourced Statue of Unity‘s ticket cash collection/depositing work to private co → 5 cr siphoned over the y
Wrong to presume that Privatisation/outsourcing - efficiency & cost savings. Effective Vigilance / supervision required.
e-governance (GSM2): e-prison management: Jail warden can see inmate's criminal, medical, family history on the mobile. Pri
can be allowed to meet relatives via video conference during Corona. Biometric data captured → helps future crime Investigat
Gujarat prison department won an award for this.
(Corona) Entire Indian population may not be mandatorily vaccinated. govt will focus on Critical Mass -says Govt
(Corona) Vaccine adverse reaction- Sometimes due to occur it does not mean trial can be stopped, esp in Corona. Safeguard p
Patient given consent forms, Hospital also has internal ethics committee, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), DCGI (D
Controller General of India) also involved in oversight.
(Explained) Vaccine emergency use approval (p13)
TN political party demand 20% reservation for Vanniyar community. State Govt announces panel to conduct caste based surve
(Excess police action) Man beaten to death after fight among rowdy customers in a resturant. Police forcing all the restaurants
locality to close at 9:00 p.m. Restaurant owners filed a complaint to you (DM), How will you address?(p9, A'bad Edition)
(Vigilantism) Driver was posting abusing things against a family on social media. Family members kidnap him, break his mobil
parade him naked on streets. They feel nothing unethical because police complaint will take a lot of time to get the post remo
from social media.why vigilantism⏫? As SP how will u prevent!? (p3, A'bad Edition)
🎓✋"Some American States legalized marijuana. India shd also do!" (col, P7) NOTIMP Bcoz (1) NO DPSP prohibit! (2) UPSC do
ask 'Championing/Campaigning causes for columnists', until ES/ NITI /Govt report/ bill/policy/SC etc say something
Role of diaspora- 🤩(+ve) remittance| them ⏫ in politics like US-VP Kamala Harris. 😰(-ve) 2020-Farmer protest against APMC
bill: Canadian PM & many foreign readers from UK, US, Australia supported farmers, for wooing local vote Punjabi vote bank.
India opposed to foreign nations commenting/intervening in internal domestic affairs of the country.
Disaster management: ⏫ incidents of Fire in hospitals, malls and factories. SC pulls up Guj govt for Rajkot hospital fire.
Public office has to face criticism and allow youth to express. We have to find balance between rights of individual and Society
Bombay HC on arrest of a person for tweets against CM

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Work life balance: Goa's culture of 'Sussegad': laid back/indolent attitude. Goan prefer Siesta-sleep between lunch hour to 4 p
your alertness and job performance afterwards. Even Roger Federer sleeps 2 hours in the afternoon for this. But, Marwadi
Shopkeepers keep the shops open in Goa between 2-4pm- Benefit tourists but harming Siesta culture. Goa forward party lead
promises if he becomes CM, he will compulsorily impose Siesta between 2 to 4 p.m.
(Explained) J&K Roshni Act scam (p13- Not for written exam, but for interview)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ MSP be made a legal right? just write past & future economic survey's suggestion for MSP reforms. Populism gove
kept ⏫MSP, pvt players couldn't pay → FCI flooded with grains. Govt intervention harmed more than it helped.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Natural gas pipeline tariff Policy controversy | commentaries before Dec4 MPC.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋"Naga peace talks difficult coz Naga separatist demand separate flag & constitution." says Gov of Nagaland.
Insurance Underwriting loss - when claims are higher than the premium income of the insurance company. 2019-20- many In
cos faced this due to motor, crop and health. Similar problems feared in Corona.
Gold import customs duty@12.5, diamond@7.5% encouraging smuggling, And harming our export-oriented jewelry business.
shd ⏬ but then CAD :( due to excess imports!
Proposal for NRI-Postal-Ballot: "Electronically Transmitted Postal Ballot System (ETPBS)" - NRI gets ballot paper in email → pri
tick → send in ordinary mail. 60l out of 1cr Non resident Indians are in the voting age. ECI aims to roll it by getting the govt to
Election Rules 1961- doesn't even need Parliament approval. (✋Pros and cons may appear in future IE-"Explained series", so
not REQ)
Article 164(1): Governor appoints the CM and other ministers appointed by Governor on advice of CM. In Karnataka, some
Congress/JDS MLA dumped their parties to join BJP. Speaker disqualified MLA under anti-defection law → BJP nominated him
& to make him minister. Karnataka Highcourt blocked this. (p11)
Beti Bachao Beti Padhaao → mass awareness → Uttarakhand - ‘Ghaur ki Pachyan, Nauni ku Nau (Identity of the house, in the
the daughter) → house name plate will mention daughter name. e.g. "Simran Niwas"- Postman, courier delivery boys start usi
name gender sensitization, respect for women etc. (p11)
Bhagya Lakshmi Temple near Charminar, Hyderabad → Yogi proposes rename city as "Bhagyanagar"
Govt brings back Varanasi Temple's stolen Goddess Annapurna statue from Canada (Archaeological Survey of India:ASI looks
administrative procedure)

Indian & middle east: 1) Turkey PM Erdogan- Political Islamic conservatism, leaning to Pak. UAE,Saudi,Egypt want modernizat
Saudi/UAE planning to send back Pakistani workers, demanding Pak to return loans sooner. 3) If Pakistan recognises Israel as
country due to pressure from UAE/Saudi/USA- it may help Pak get more loans/technology from Israel/USA. (C.Rajamohan, Pa
Organisation of Islamic cooperation's foreign ministers' session- some remarks about Kashmir. India objects- "OIC should not
itself to be used by Pakistani propagandas- when Pakistan itself has a poor record due to Religious intolerance and persecution
minorities. (Explained series, Page 13, A’bad Edition)
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit: India hosting it for the first time (virtual mode), chairman- VP Venkaiah Na
Earlier NSA Doval walked out of NSA-summit due to wrong Kashmir map used by Pak.
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ British mercenaries had provided training and air-support to Sri Lankan and Indian troops to combat LTTE in 1980
Scotland yard investigating, after a journalist's book.
1/3rd of the HIV patients are not taking HIV-medicines due to lockdown/₹₹.
Social Security: Motor vehicle (amendment) act 2019 → guidelines requiring Ola/Uber cab aggregators to provide drivers with
insurance, Term Life Insurance, training, Gender sensitization, Data must be stored in Indian server, fare linked with WPI & no
surge pricing.
PSUs: FPI invested over → ₹1.50lcr in Indian shares this year so far, but very little in the government companies, bcoz they su
Disinvestment plans to suffer

Fisherman in Corona: 1) Kisan Credit Card with 2 lakh limit given but banks not releasing more than ₹30-40k as loans. Fisherm
need more ₹₹ to buy diesel, ice and crew salary. 2) Covid safety protocol- China not clearing cargos, delaying payments, buyi
from other desperate countries 3) Indian fishermen try to focus on European Union but their SPS norms are very strict.😰
incremental capital-output ratio (ICOR)- amount of capital required to produce 1 unit of output. ⏫ICOR - bad thing / inefficien
production. ICOR in India: 3.8 (2016) → 4.9 (2018) → 6.9 (2019)
MEITY: mfg 10 lakh chips that can accept both NaVIC (Indian regional Navigation satellite) & GPS signal.

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PPP in Leopard rehab: Mukesh Ambani's private zoo @Jamnagar, Guj- "Green zoological rescue & Rehabilitation Kingdom" to u
Reliance’s profits → CSR → sheltering captured leopards in 250acre.
Sardar Patel Zoological Park -Located near Statue of Liberty, Narmada, Gujarat
Uttarakhand Ecobridge in Nainital jungle to help the reptiles Cross Road during traffic.
Suppose a Govt owned pharma company conducting vaccine trials. Patients have signed the consent forms. But, 1 trial patien
complications due to his medical factors other than vaccines. Yet he demands ₹5 crore in damages. Rival pvt companies start
sponsoring sensationalized news in the Press and social media, Thus discouraging new vaccine volunteers, & future sales. As,
will you address this negative propaganda?
IMD predicts colder winters in North India due to La-Nina over Pacific.
Statue of Unity attracts (13k per month) more visitors than Statue of Liberty (10k per month)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ FY21 GDP growth: -23.9%(Q1), -7.5%(Q2) so we're on recovery. (WAIT4📔📔ES21) | Competition Act 2020 →
amendment Bill to ⏫powers of CCI. (WAITtillPassed)| Budget commentary
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋UN's International telecommunication Union (ITU) Evaluates 5G-Technology
Atma Nirbhar package Challenges:1) "under-heating" [despite stimulus, demand not ⏫], 2) If export>imports: Current accoun
surplus → stronger rupee → bad for Exports → job loss 3] Import Bans - autarky/closed economy → Difficult to get even 4.5%
growth rate [Column- P11].
Boycott of China harms Indian economy? 1) "CAPITAL GOODS": Thermal power plant wants new machinery, Indian BHEL take
6 years whereas Chinese cos supply it within 10 months. Similar in telecom, Pharma, chemical dyes, ceramics. 2) Some Indian
importers rely on loan from China because Chinese banks ⏬loan rates to 4%, Indian banks can't do it bcoz then deposit intere
need to be ⏬, which is Politically sensitive.
✋1st All Living Things Environmental Film Festival in India (Very low profile body)
Obama's book: "A promised land“| NK Singh's book : Portraits of Power: Half a Century of Being at Ringside
Outside Odisha vidhansabha, 3 separate instances of suicide by families-because police failed to solve the missing person /mu
case of their relatives. How to ⏫ boost the public faith in police & judiciary?(Pg8)
Rajasthan- Molestation accused forced to eat feces. Both molester and the vigilantes were arrested. Vigilantes Don't think they
done anything unethical. Way forward for⏫ boosting the public faith in police & judiciary / ⏬ Vigilantism? (Pg8) | 🤩Teaching
Environmental ethics to children (column P16)
⏫Cheating during online examinations in IITs. American premiere colleges have "honour code" if broken very severe punishm
given e.g. Permanent expulsion.(Pg8)
UP's Love Jihad ordinance passed: Legal protections already available- IPC section 366- coercing a woman into marriage, POS
2012, Indian majority act 1857-Marriage is a contract between adults. Article 21 life and liberty, Article 25 freedom of religion.
Marriage Act, 1954 for registration & divorce of inter-faith couples. UP Govt already running a scheme to give ₹50k for inter-c
inter religion marriage couples! (p9)
INDIA, SRI LANKA, MALDIVES Trilateral Meet (Virtual)-“terrorism”, “radicalisation”, “extremism”, “drugs”, “arms and human
trafficking”, “money laundering” and “cybersecurity”
⚾️📻⚾️🎓 SEBI bans NDTV promoters for Insider trading, EPFO life certificate deadline extended to Feb'21, Post-BREXIT UK-EU
deal,| ⚾️📻⚾️🎓 GST Compensation- Punjab accepts Option#2 (Win21CSP)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓 More Chinese apps to be banned, Iran to revenge the nuclear scientist killing, Ethiopia: Tigray war
⚾️📻⚾️🎓 J&K District council election, Farmer protest
⚾️📻⚾️🎓 DoT guidelines for '0' prefix when landline2mobile call | Vaccine
UK creates new digital regulator to impose code of conduct on tech giants like Facebook and Google.
To ⏫Women scientist: British project "Athena SWAN" Collaborating with Indian project "GATI- Gender advancement through
transforming institutions" by Dept of SciTech.
Boxer Mike Tyson (54 years) returning exhibition match.

15yo Boy arrested for sending death threat to UP-CM through WhatsApp. Parents ask for mercy that he may have done it out
frustration/joke. (1) As judge what will u do? (2)As SP What will you do to prevent recurrence of such hoax/prank calls? (page

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A doctor had a land dispute with another person, but police & district authorities not listening. So he creates a fake email acco
the Prime Minister's office and sends an email (from fake-PMO) to the police, to look favorably into his case. Doctor arrested f
forgery and impersonation. (1) Doctor feels he has done nothing unethical; Do you agree? (2) Often citizens go to mafia/Bahu
grievance redressal involving land/property disputes. What should be done to prevent?

Chief Justice of Guj laments, “my own judges are travelling 500 to 600 km to attend weddings of some relatives, disregarding
Corona wedding guest-limit guidelines.” Similar problems in enforcing firecracker ban in Delhi. When public order requires doin
something that goes against public sentiment, What should be done to ensure its proper enforcement? (Corona, firecracker, d
Celebratory firing in marriage, traffic jam in religious processions, Chinese string in kite-flying, Ganesh PoP idols, etc)
Coal mining license allowed in Bhavnagar district but Environmental group sends petition to the collector that area is near the
earthquake fault lines and this could cause major disaster. Company argues that for the energy security of India and royalty in
for Govt- Coal mining is beneficial even though such risks are always present. As DM what will you do with the petition?
Information management and analysis centre (IMAC) for coast security. [A similar Q about Kerala Cyberdom project was aske
UPSC GSM3-2019] (page13)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓 Surge pricing guidelines on uber/ola, Under motor Vehicle Act, PNGRB guidelines on OMCs for city gas distribution| B
AXA General with merger with ICICI Lombard| France GAFA tax,
⚾️📻⚾️🎓 J&K District council election,Farmer protest ,Arnab bail case,
Paytm, PhonePe, Amazon Pay, others now NPCI shareholders (#Win21CSP)
Tech Reliance/case hearing via video conferencing- new inequality for poor
Essay: Will ICT/monopoly over data make India a "digital colony" of the West? (Col P8, Meeta Rajivlochan)
Woman arrested for selling 2 y.o.boy to TN Couple, because she wanted to get remarried but Bf didnot want old husband's bo
District Child Protection officer what will you do (a) orphanage (b) re-give to TN couples. (p10,A'bad Ed)
President’s powers to pardon — in US, India (Explained, p13)
Indo-Gangetic plain - most Polluted region in the India& world!-CPCB
New Zealand to declare "Climate emergency" - similar to Canada,France,Britain
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Bank license to NBFC/large corporates |Farmer protest against Union farm laws, Cox & Kings travel NBFC Investig
money laundering, Trade union strike in Kerala Bengal Assam | LVB-DBS merger | Amazon-Reliance-Future dispute| Capital ac
convertibility reform / process to continue says Governor| PETROLEUM and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB): unified ta
structure for gas pipelines
⚾️📻⚾️🎓Foreign Secretary visit to Nepal, Doval to visit Lanka, Jaishankar visit to Seychelles | Ethiopia- civil war in Tigray regio
⚾️📻⚾️🎓PM proposes one Nation one poll (Prep 1time frm CA-PDF)
LVB merged with DBS Bank from Nov-27-2020.
Sebi launches Securities Market Trainers (SMARTs) Program for investor education
26th Nov'49: Constitution Assembly adopted Constitution. Earlier called "National law day" but Modi@2014 renamed it as "con
day". | "Art32- Right to constitutional remedies is the heart and soul of the constitution" said Dr.Ambedkar
Dr Gaurav Sharma: Indian origin New Zealand MP took oath in Sanskrit
India’s entry to Oscars- Malayalam film "Jallikattu".
Oxford dictionary word of the Year: Toxic(2018),Climate emergency(2019), NOT declared for 2020 saying Corona-led problem
be accommodated in a single word.
10 year old child hoisted the tempered national flag. Mother and child booked under National Honour Act,1971. As a judge, wi
show leniency? As SP, how will you prevent the recurrence? (Ahmedabad Ed. Page1)
Medical College students want more ₹₹ for internship in Covid threatening strike. As dean, u msg health minister, but Govt sa
do not have funds, then what will you do to handle this? (Ahmedabad Ed. Page1)
Pak Ordinance for Chemical Castration of rapists.
99th Anniv of Dr Verghese Kurien (Amul Milk)
Death: Diego Maradona footballer, Argentina| Ahmed Patel, Congress leader, Gujarat
26/11/08: Lashkar-e-Taiba Terror attack on Mumbai, ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋India Bahrain cooperation, Jaishankar visit
BEOSP test - brain fingerprinting test. Neuro-psychological method. Accused shown audio/visual clips related to crime and his
responses mapped. Done4Hathras.
Words R the most powerful drug used by mankind- Rudyard Kipling|

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ban on Diwali crackers, vehicle emission norms, Collegium system etc-e.g.of Judicial overreach- says VP.
Lok Sabha rule 270: Parliamentary Committees have powers to send for persons, papers, records but, Govt may decline 4natio
security e.g. J&K telecom ban.
Unelected Institutions necessary to keep elected govt in check (Ram Madhav, Column P7)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Amazon-Future group-Reliance case, IBBI norms on Voluntary liquidation
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋GST compensation two options for States, NIIF Debt fund mein equity infusion (Mrunal's Win21 series),
3D printed swabs- cheaper than Commercial swabs for covid testing (p11)
Maharashtra to provide ₹₹ & grains to sex workers as per SC directive
Cyclone Nivar@Tamilnadu, Puducherry
Government guidelines against scholarship scams (page1&2)
All India speakers conference @Kevadiya,Guj. Theme- ‘Harmonious coordination b/n Legisl, Executive & Judiciary-Key to vibra
democracy’. Ends@Nov26 Constitution day
Uttarakhand's Igas festival/Budh Diwali Celebrated 11 days after Diwali to encourage reverse-migration
MEITY Bans 43 more Chinese under information technology act
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ SEBI Bans Karvy stock broking, FPI inflows, Proposal of giving bank license to Nbfc/large corporates – pros and co
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Brahmos missile trial, Bru tribe protests/violence
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ #METoo case involving former minister MJ Akbar, DMK requests Governor to release the Rajiv Gandhi assassins o
humanitarian grounds, Kerala social media gag law to be Withdrawn by an ordinance, TRP fraud case, Arnab Kangna cases,
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Farmer protests in Haryana Punjab against Union agriculture laws,
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋"0" prefix required to call mobiles from landline, Vaccine Development
China's negative-yield bonds
PRODUCTION LINKED INCENTIVE scheme (PLI): Apple-Samsung etc doing Contract manufacturing/Assemble in India (✋Wait
Mrunal's Win21CSP)
Death: TARUN GOGOI- 3 times Assam CM, died of Corona
Judicial barbarism/Favouritism: Pro-SC arguments: SC defended Right to privacy, LGBTQ rights, permanent commission to wo
Army, Ayodhya judgement, championed RTI, Indian Supreme Court hears more cases annually than USA SC (76), UK (76).(Co
P7)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Corona Vaccine Development
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Kerala Police Act (Social media Objectionable post five years jail) amendment not to be implemented, Rohini land s
J&K,
(Column P7) Khaleeji (-Gulf) capitalism & India's strategic interests in Gulf by C.Rajamohan
India - an observer Djibouti Code of Conduct — anti-sea-piracy framework for Gulf, the Horn of Africa and East Africa
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Rajan criticizes converting large NBFCs into Bank, SEBI Paper on Promoter reclassification & minimum shareholding
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Israeli Prime Minister to meet, Saudi Prince Indian Foreign Secretary to visit Nepal, Pakistani pm visit Afghanistan,
Biden's cabinet selection
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Former French president Nicolas Sarkozy undergoes trial for bribing a judge and political corruption, France Police
questions 10 year old Muslim girl for 'defending terrorism'
IndianExpress Column: RBI proposal to convert large nbfc into Bank – pros-cons. (page6)
Mrunal's TheHindu column: Corona-a mixed blessing for Indian Capitalism! (p9,theHindu)
Vikram Seth novel A Suitable Boy (1993) In controversy because its Netflix series promoting Love Jihad. (p9)
Father killed a man for raping his his 5 year daughter, booked under IPC Section 302 (Life imprisonment or death). As the jud
what will you do? As SP how will you prevent recurrence of such vigilantism in future? (p4)
Netflix series 'Suitable Boy' shows kissing scenes inside a religious place. Multiple people file complaints.As Secretary (IAS) in
how will you address OTT regulation?
Odisha Govt to merge government schools if <15 students enrolled. Activists argue ⏫ school dropout in remote areas. As Edu
Secretary (IAS), how will you address? (p10)
Column: Idea of New world/Democratic Global governance (page7)
Column: Crop Residue burning (page6)
Explaiend: Why Tamilnadu, Andhra, Telangana banned online game (p13)

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2020_Dec_Nov_upto_20th
🎓✋⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋(continued) kerala social media gag law. (Presume that you have prepared 2015's Shreya Singhal case on IT A
sec.66 (A) decriminalization
(continued) G20 Summits- Italy in 2021, Indonesia in 2022, India in 2023, Brazil in 2024. Modi suggests 'Circular carbon econ
approach'
Column: Chinese dam project in Himalayas are water bombs (page7)
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋ Petrol diesel price rise, LVB-DBS merger, G20 debt relief plan..
⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋Forex reserves ⏫ by >$100bn in 8 months
Madhya Pradesh CM's Gau Cabinet- may become 5th state with cow cess after Punjab (1st state to implement, 2016), Chandig
Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.
9th Global Sustainability Film Award organized by org ' (i) TVE & (ii) Difficult Dialogues'.
Book: Preparing for death by Arun Shourie
Tata Literature festival: 2 panelists dropped after they planned to read statement against the sponsor Tata Corp. As the show
organizer, would u have done this? (p10)
Youngest female Grandmaster Koneru Humpy wants 1) Unified/Unisex Tournament 2) equal prize money for female. As Ches
council chairman will u agree? (p16)
Death: Travel writer/Historian Jan Morris (Book Pax Britannica) dead.
France bill to ban uploading Police photos online to instigate Anti-Police attack (p12)
Kerala Police Act amended 5 years jail & ₹10k fine for offensive post in social media. But later withdrawn due to public outcry.
Tamil Nadu- 3rd state to bans online games/gambling after AP & Telangana
Personal Data Protection Bill debate (p11)
15th G20 summit (online host: Saudi) Modi calls for New Global index for transparency in governance
Comedian Bharti Singh Narcotics arrest, Controversies surrounding District Development Council (DDC) polls in J&K, Violence
Tripura/ Bru settlement
Bhutan Rupay Phase2
RBI PK Mohanty Committee on banking license: convert large NBFCs into Banks
India is losing over $10.3 billion in taxes each year due to global tax abuse by MNCs says Tax Justice Network
Economic growth under various Prime Ministers of India (p8)
Booker prize to Douglas Stuart’s novel ‘Shuggie Bain’
Rajasthan labourers daughter waiting for years to get INR 55,000 under the government’s scheme (p10)
student commits suicide due to ⏫ college fees (p11)
Britain’s ministerial code prevents ministers from bullying or harassing their staff. Home Minister (Secretary) Priti Patel in contr
(p14)
Kumbh Mela @Haridwar (2021)
India US Climate & Disaster Management cooperation (p9)
India-Bhutan: (1) Rupay in Bhutan Phase1 (2019) Bhutani people could use their Rupay cards in India @ATM & PoS. Phase2 (
Nov)-added more access facility. (2) ISRO to launch Bhutani is satellite (2021)
Tamil Nadu 7.5% medical reservation for government school students who cleared the Neet exam (Page16)
Maoist-affected MP-district's MGNREGA workdays ⏫ from 100 days to 200 days (Page15)
Manual Scavenging act reform (Page1)
‘The Republican Ethic’, a book containing selected speeches of President Ram Nath Kovind (page15)

(GSM4 Ethics Case study) Unable to pay Rs 200 each for Durga Puja, 14 Gond families face social boycott for two weeks (Pag
1st All India Speakers conference at-Guj's Kevadiya (Page14)
Column on EAS summit & Hanoi Declaration (Page9)

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