ae Tune #2014 SECTION A GS eS a Answer ALL the questions in this section: BO You should aim to spend no more than 20 minutes on this section. For each question, select one answer from A to D and put across in the box &. 'f you change your mind, put a line through the box $3 and then mark your new answer with across X. 1 Which statement is not true for sodium chloride? OA sodium chloride conducts electricity in aqueous solution 1 B sodium chloride conducts electricity when molten 70) BJ C sodium chloride has a molecular structure OD sodium chloride has a giant structure — oo (Total for Question 1 = 1 mark) 2. Which of these molecules is the most polar? O A H-H MB HF oc xc MD HBr w _(Total for Question 2 w Covalent bonding is best described as the electrostatic attraction between CA oppositely charged ions © B positive ions and delocalised electrons v ©) OC ashared pair of electrons DQ D twonuclei and a shared pair of electrons (Total for Question 3 = 1 mark) Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit. Scanned with CamScanner© DONOTWRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA. DO NOT.WRITE IN THIS AREA 4 Which is correct for tetrafluoromethane (CF,)? F | ot “F Bonds | Molecule MD OA polar polar Os ee “non-polar polar | Be polar non-polar = OD __ non-polar non-polar __ (Total for Question 4=1 mark) 5 Which pair of ions gives the strongest ionic bonding? COA Nat and F OB kK‘ and er D 10, 10 7 BC Mg* and oF OD Ca™ and s* 4 14 Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit. __ (Total for Question 5 = 1 mark) Scanned with CamScanner6 In 1.31 of a chloride of titanium, there is 0.528 of titanium. What is the empirical formula of this titanium chloride? {Avalues: Ti=47.9 Cl=355] LE cu 0-52 2 Oa Tcl % o 142 47-49 ay QB Tic; aoe 2-010 60-0220 Ib 4 a Ob Tick oo Se (Total for Question 6 = 1 mark)_ Which isotope is used as the standard in the definition of relative atomic mass? BAH ae "c “VD Which statement about subatomic particles is correct? &Z_A_ neutral atoms always contain the same number of protons and electrons CO B neutral atoms always contain the same number of protons and neutrons 1 © electrons have a relative mass of 1 anda charge of-1 C1 D protons have a relative mass of 1 and no charge (Total for Question 8 = 1 mark) Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit. Scanned with CamScannerWhich sketch graph shows the trend in first ionisation energy values going down Group 1 in the Periodic Table? ry First ionisation AA cnersy _____., Atomic number ' First ionisation oe onan WN > Atomic number ‘ First ionisation oc energy L__, ‘Atomic number ’ First ionisation Oo energy L__, Atomic number @D mark) _ Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit. Scanned with CamScanner10 Isotopes are atoms of an element that have different O A electronic structures OB numbers of electrons a CC numbers of protons & D_ numbers of neutrons (Total for Question 10 = 1 mark) 11 The two stable isotopes of bromine have relative masses of 79 and 81. Which is the correct pattern of peaks in the mass spectrum of molecular bromine? TA+14 215% AQ + Bl 3160 Relative Wt Sly ior abundance Oa 80 (160 miz Relative abundance OB 80 (160 miz ‘ vee Lae™ Relative e Ve abundance oc m 80 160 m/z f we Relative abundance 16? . Wo Mm es 80160 miz (Total for Question 11 = 1 mark) oe Scanned with CamScanner12 The mass spectrum of a sample of silicon is shown. Relative abundance 28 29 30 m/z What is the best estimate for the relative atomic mass of silicon in this sample? DA 28.0 os) Mc 288 5h OD 290 (Total for Question 12 = 1 mark) 13 Which is the equation for the second ionisation energy of an element, A? OA AG) > A%Gg) + 2e° MB Ag > A%ge+e - Oc A%G) > Ag) +e CD ANG)» Ag) + 207 Rig) DR ree ——— = otal for Que: Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit. Scanned with CamScanner 13 = 1 mark)14 The bar chart shows the melting temperatures of the first twenty elements. 4000 3500 3000 Melting a temperature 2000 - 7K | fs 6 3 ewe ey ees Atomic number The bar chart shows that melting temperatures &L A. of giant covalent structures are the highest in Period 2 and in Period 3. % _AE® B of metals are always higher than non-metals increase going down each group « OD increase across Period 2 and Period 3 a 7 = (Total for Question 14 = 1 mark) Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit. Scanned with CamScanner15 Which is the electronic configuration of the Sc™* ion? GLA 1s? 2s? 2p* 3s? 3p* / f CB 1s? 2s? 2p® 3s? 3p* 3d" COC 1s? 2s? 2p* 3s? 3p* 3d! 4s? OD 1s? 2s? 2p* 3s? 3p® 3d‘ 4s? OA 5,5-dichloro-2-methylpentane ANB 45-dichloro-2-methylpentane Of 2;3-dichloro-4-methylpentane 2-dichloro-4-methylpentane juestion 15 = 1 mark) (Total for Question 16=1 mark) _ | 17 What type of bond breaking occurs in this process? H,0 > H* + OH” DA electrophilic 4 LB heterolytic OC homolytic OD ionic Use this space for any rough working. ©) —_______{Total for Question 17 = 1 mark) _ Anything you write in this space will gain no credit. Scanned with CamScannernpowoa on w > 18 What reagent and conditions are used for this:conversion? HH ' ope CA potassium manganate(Vil) in aqueous acid addition of voky 1B sodium hydraxide in dilute aqueous solstion hydieahion & C steam and acid catalyst Vw OD steam and nickel catalyst — a (Total for Question 18 = 1 mark) 19 But-2-ene shows geometric isomerism. te NH tp c=c Las, bp os HC CH ys bp What are the prefixes that could be used in naming this isomer? “oO : {ANN ae 00 Scanned with CamScannerSECTION B Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided. 21 Magnesium carbonate powder reacts with hydrochloric acid. (a) Complete the equation for this reaction by adding state symbols. va MgCO,(...5...) + 2HCI.04,..) > MgCl(49-,.) + H,O(..c....) + COA ) A . os hag, eae Y (b) A student carried out an investigation to determine the molar volume of carbon dioxide using this apparatus. 100cm? measuring cylinder 30cm’ hydrochloric acid water The student carried out five experiments, adding a different mass of magnesium carbonate each time. The results are shown in the table. Mass of Volume of gas magnesium carbonate/g _ collected / cm Scanned with CamScanner(Plot a graph of these results. vor ot gos Zomgedl om3 3 005 10 ols OD OU prose of e9L02 | 9 (i) A student carried out a further experiment using a different mass of magnesium carbonate. Give the volume of gas collected using the inverted measuring cylinder. / am 4 oom Scanned with CamScanner(iii) Determine the mass of magnesium carbonate added in the experiment in (b)fi), using your graph. a) OBZ (iv) Calculate the molar volume of carbon dioxide using your answers to parts (b)(ii) and (b)iii). Give your value to an appropriate number of significant figures and include units. [A,values: Mg=243 C=120 O=160) Wed ¢ nv (4) myles + ZHU > Mgd2 * UD +102 L 3 | muss 701829 vol= 46uw : -3 : = L+AS® X10” mol n(MmgC03) > 0-132 __—_—- Ls au De VDHONOQ ) je “3 hig? «ai isemte ols . il % 218% sein 24-3412 + (2x16) wry > mH 2 nan n 2 Ne aa 7153 MO a = QsBrecm — Scanned with CamScannerDO NOTWRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA (v) The acid must be in excess for each experiment. Calculate the minimum concentration of hydrochloric acid needed for 30cm" of acid to completely react with 0.25 g of magnesium carbonate. MgCO, + 2HCI + MgCl; + H,0 + CO, 7 Lv m:0-759 024 v> Son 2.46540? agar, = 2-3 8 eet Guluhon avor (24-3) +012) +(163) yoo ~ . eee! KD = geste (no HU) 2.465 x10°% 543 x1073 me 2 RY LU Sa 2 0183 ON? ay-Bhemod dae ee (©) The value of molar volume calculated in (b)(iv) was lower than the student expected. Give two reasons for the value being lower than expected. ‘Assume that the correct amounts of hydrochloric acid and magnesium carbonate were used. + / 7 _ Some o£. ton. mig nt Joe fp plating Ne bang on _ONNAA Hert, Mortortr, 4orebf. : Db might haxereaded.. awit tall get diaowued. in Ve. av = {Total for Question 21 = 14 marks) 5 AR a Scanned with CamScanner PMTused coffee tral fuel to replace some fossil fuels. grounds might be considered a carbon-neutral fuel. oO )/ (2) @ @ Explain why coffee eZ Ln guartitlte2 OLE thant. pill ane eto nen aes OOOO ee nee en —— 00. ULM. (i) Explain how the use of fossil fuels causes: climate change. YW (2) pocning- 2. tossil fall feces 09» LD3 jh SA GICLD 40 ee) ape intste70 Jn 2..gas-Abe Ae during. ti Wy edb. tabonitd grechiauat Chetek bith, Lrafls etal herd ah Bete. glohalunsuming Ay. MnkelAa ny. te ig tien of dines fiedte: fuels and polymers. 22 This question is about das a carbon-nel grounds have been suggest© Scanned with CamScanner(b) Long chain alkanes are not normally used as fuels as they produce soot. (i) Name another pollutant formed by incomplete combustion of alkanes. if y a) _ALGON LLM ALBE....... ——— —— (i) Write the equation for the complete combustion of octane, “24 12 State symbols are not required. te); (2) Cau, 00. >%Co7 +Wro EZ C3hiat 402 3002 + ord . (©) Long Ehain alkanes are converted into smaller, more useful molecules including alkenes. (i) Name this process. reborn nae &. (ii) Give a test for alkenes, including the positive result. y/ (2) hy __ Prominrent.,.t4 proawnaot alisent. coats Lecter 2 a nnab tng hioan.Prescainl £0, LUM sn a BOW nll) (d) Alkenes, such as ethene, can be used to make polymers. () Write a balanced equation for the polymerisation of ethene using displayed formulae. 4 Of 0 \ —& ‘| @ H 2-+A-g€ Scanned with CamScanner(ii) Bananas produce ethene as they ripen. Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage of using ripening bananas as @ source of ethene for polymer production. ‘O, 2) Thay act walled, Miwa Mey att chtefp ated teil 2b aspDle———— atl noel ty .ant ehticied: sof fat lira ime in precluding Chere. | Pty atl. not bonalhd buco dt Yerta0t lb Le hy nat hia LO. GUE Mad kent MEPL IOGELL, LW Offer een ——— = bri ret ateudee iso UNA VOI. DB LOOM. BOG oem (€) Burning poly(chloroethene) in an incinerator results in the formation of hydrogen chloride. (i) State a hazard associated with hydrogen chloride. fonic a Vr) 9 seacts..witth. hye Wen L20nd...if pucataee sk WU1O3S ROVING Cele radicals. und Mating be Ie ayglthion.ot ovone suey. borring LEC. (i) Suggest how the hydrogen chloride could be removed from the waste gases produced in an incinerator. Sw eee lee ee ine ao | seems — (Total for Question 22 = 15 marks) _ Scanned with CamScanner PMT \VaUY SIHLNI SLIM LON OG. V3UY,SIHL NI ALUM LON OG é 5 5DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE INTHIS AREA DO NOTWRITE IN THIS AREA {NGA Tamover > Scanned with CamScanner 23 This question is about bonding. / {a) Draw an electron density map for a molecule of oxygen. v 1 | | | (b) Draw a diagram to show the shape of a water molecule. Give the bond angle. _v/. 5° as” + + 8 Hd vu w Ha Bond angle........ loss 1”(c) The compound POCI, has a simple molecular structure. (i) Complete the dot-and-cross diagram for the POCI, molecule. Use crosses (x) for the phosphorus electrons, dots (e) for the chlorine electrons and circles (0) for the oxygen electrons. VV a alone peal . Tee bond, angle... i6.104:S... pa EPR Heery. thben. Lat Ueland... ALADGL... Hera va in suth sie ae hes ion reguldion behwetn.. Netn.and that. the catangented ok Meh wiee Ne shape ab G Bleed Sinvileeelyy in Nea.crangle eltchaus! guanytmindhry | itt Wee releatue suthe lnind 2¢ Shape aa lty have arrengill Lenses G La Guach. twy... ed Meee 182 airmen Legpudaion btpe.sin, Mer... Scanned with CamScannerPMT (d) The properties of metals depend on their structure and bonding. < (i) Drawa labelled diagram to show the metallic bonding in calcium. VY = (2) & z= 2 : efGeeeee : @ Jeo : 060) @©6 5 © (ii) Explain how the electrical conductivity, high melting temperature and Ss malleability of metals depend on their structure and bonding. c (3) & 2 Electrical conductivity che, hee, roving. CLL Lh 5ElA.0b HUME occu 5 | -clechons.ast. hrelysaouing. teat. PNG Luben BeGeh,... S| applied ane, conduth eletheivg.. pe = 2 | High meting temperature The. 50019. C8eehD ink eae bates. Dt. = 8 | pprationbltarer tal? gonr.and.t” cudehiage. Aigh tog vale hk uguitd b.ortecrelu/, song bore Ob AlPeth oan Bauder. Napa Malleablity 12... Ale Att lo ILL vl LAM Oe. ANA BEML | fll tah ON bereal ay POGUE oonnb OPS. LUD. suid... prok = ee thr OLE. 2 i. : 5 2 Q 8 Scanned with CamScannerPMT (e) Diamond, graphite and graphene are all forms of carbon. {)_ Explain two ways in which the physical properties of diamond and graphit Refer to their structure and bonding in your answer. QZ dvanond is hard & ar phi is sot f OC eS : Fi ey 4riy) vigid latiice aa bo gas re) LGA diamond graphite Both ot fem have. 4 giant CoVallad lattice. Hitt thy teeta L.| caper B= Caiaghile hea Lagrs..0b lecon adore. Che Pend wilh ee roving thethbne Bhi Ne lytA. JBAELECEE ANY So a | whith hug an. tenths Lltiiihs Mother, dlitiregndl tinlt Coridig pe ahiun.2eit You nplhwe bite noviny (echiin..eMifptit beep 6900.22 I Mac Mb. Layers Lbwt help tt be ath tia Abebeleat Howes te Aiarondanl Lg it vO LIGA Gu bhe Ln = | | HAND vauy Gi) State how the structure of graphene is related to the structure of graphite. s/ grafic k Lorcbeinter ttle har. grigf ty lle MAM ED ho LEB PA. — i PY ey GOYA LSI Myre... | graph ) * Ng 0 0 A — Scanned with CamScannerDO NOT WRITEIN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA (ii) State a use for graphene, identifying the property that makes it suitable ony use. 9b kem.cen.condlits elehinly walt had. bel BOVNY. ethan... oo Beaalhel ip iD Legeg _ bebutenth tyes Porever, Lita. a bubarterdsinte LL. Wt.404, cone purlihalagysed ia Mts ley ee, At bed p Meese Ly eng... bide over avn cfr. 214 (Total for Question 23 = 20 marks) Mt ad abrir” * Weel ny a date stOrg « apikiL hg teege {NM 0 <5 wertures 28 Tumoverit: Geen) Scanned with CamScanner24 Airbags protect occupants by inflating when a car crashes. Aitbags rely on chemical reactions to produce large volumes of gases quickly. In some airbags, solid sodium azide (NaN;) decomposes forming nitrogen gas and sodium as the only products. = —— (a) Write an equation for the decomposition of sodium azide. State symbols are not required. Vv ia a QNaNs _>INg +2NAQ Vas (b) A passenger airbag requires 120 dm’ of gas to fill it. Calculate, using the ideal gas equation, the mass of sadium azide required to fill @ passenger airbag in this reaction under standard conditions (101 000! Pa, 25°C). Give your answer to an appropriate number of significant figures. {pV=nRT R=831JK" mol") (6) 2NaNs > Nz + Z2NA i my nol coneed 27 v2i2odm? mase> Ore by em} ev 2nQT (101000) (120) =n (4:31) (254273) il 01000 %120 2 Wi aa pce tall al (4:31) (284773) asba= ne my m 3-497 ——_———~ 2 (2.423) +(6x'4) 27794-1719 oa! 2.200092 m Scanned with CamScanner(c) Two further reactions take place in the airbag, Reaction A 10Na + 2KNO; ~ K,0 + 5Na,0 +N, ReactionB —K,O + Na,O + SiO, > Na,K,SiO, (i) Reaction A produces more nitrogen to inflate the airbag. Calculate the atom economy, by mass, for the production of nitrogen in reaction A. Give your answer to an appropriate number of significant figures. atom, map Ot derived =p comons ~ yrodue yg Joo gam, mes OF OH = (2%) ———————— [oreo] + fooe9) + (surs)] 2 [en] 23 v s— xvod Qu-2 + 310+ 28 = 64S (ii) State the type of reaction taking place in reaction B. Za a) nn OY OUBLEGB,... addib.on.ceath an” nertrolisobiog _ _ (Total for Question 24 = 11 marks) TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 60 MARKS TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS Scanned with CamScanner