Personality

Key terms: personality, choleric type, sanguine type, melancholic type, phlegmatic type,
extrovert, introvert, emotionally stable, emotionally unstable

Personality is the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's

distinctive character.

There are several personality types:

Personality types according to Hippocrates (c.460 - c.370 BC)

A) Choleric type (Cholerik)

People with this temperament tend to be egocentric and extroverted.
They may be impulsive and nervous, sometimes having problems to keep control of
themselves.
They are goal-oriented people, extremely practical and good leaders.

B) Sanguine type (Sangvinik)

People with this temperament tend to be lively, sociable, carefree, talkative, and pleasure-
seeking.
They may be warm-hearted, cheerful and optimistic.
They can make new friends easily, be imaginative and artistic, and often have many creative
ideas.
They can easily become enthusiastic but at the same time they can easily lose their
enthusiasm.

C) Melancholic type (Melancholik)

People with this temperament may appear serious, introverted, reserved and thoughtful.
They can be slightly depressive and moody.
They tend to have a rich inner life, they prefer solitude and intelectual activities rather than
the company of many people as they are not talkative and sociable.

D) Phlegmatic type (Flegmatik)

People with this temperament may be reasonable, calm, patient, caring, and tolerant.
They always try to avoid conflict. So they seek quiet and peaceful atmosphere.
They don´t usually express their emotions strongly and are not moody.
Personality types according to C.G. Jung (1875 - 1961)

A) Introvert
- likes spending time alone
- likes one-on-one conversations
- has closer relationships with a few
friends
- listens more
- struggles with change
- can focus deeply for a long time
- is more reserved
- reflects before making decisions
- is not interested in getting attention
B) Extrovert
- likes spending time in a company of
people
- likes group conversations
- has more friends, but the bonds are
less strong
- speaks more
- easily accepts change
- gets distracted easily
- is more open
- makes decisions quickly
- loves getting attention

Personality types according to H. Eysenck (1916 - 1997)

16personalities