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Gowri Shankar
"Dermat oglyphics"-T he Science of Lines and Pat t erns and It s Implicat ions in Dent ist ry
Int ernat ional Journal of Cont emporary Medical Research ijcmr
DERMAT OGLYPHICS AND PERIODONTAL DISEASES-A POSSIBLE RELAT ION FOR EARLY PREDICT ION
IJAR Indexing
Reviewarticles Annalsand Essencesof Dentistry
doi:10.5368/ aedj.2013.5.4.4.1
DERMATOGLYPHICS AND ORTHODONTICS- A REVIEW
1 1
Lakshmi V Reader
1
Department of Orthodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra pradesh, India
ABSTRACT:. Dermatoglyphics is the study of dermal ridge configurations of fingers . The oral structures and the dermal
structures embryonically develop at the same time. Both are influenced by environment and are not exclusively governed
by the genetic factors. This is a review of how dematoglyphics can be related to the malocclusion and other developmental
disturbances of the oro facial structures.
INTRODUCTION
1,2,3
The study of fingerprints and skin patterns referred to History of Dermatoglyphics
as “Dermatoglyphics” is probably the oldest of all
Sciences, since it’s importance featured significantly Thousands of years before the birth of Christ,
millions of years ago. However, the science of fingerprints were used on pottery to indicate the maker
identification from fingerprints is even now a subject of and brand of pottery. Slabs of clay with fingerprints, 3,000
years old, were found in King Tut-en-Khamen’s tomb in
mystery to the general public. The term “Dermatoglyphics”
1 Egypt?.
as defined by Cummins and Midlo (1929) refers to the
study of the intricate dermal Ridge configuration on the The use of finger prints for personal identification is well
skin covering, the palmar and plantar surfaces of the known and had its origin in the East. A Sanskrit word for
th
hands and feet. Dermal configurations appear at the 12 fingerprints also exists. In China, for many centuries, the
week of intra-uterine life and are established by the 24th thumbprint of the Emperor was the ruler’s mark on letters
week. Thereafter, they remain constant except for the of state. Emperor Ts-in-She (B.C. 246 – 210) was the first
change in size. to use such seals in China. These were in use till the era
of Emperor Wu (B.C. 187 – 156). This clearly indicates the
Dermatoglyphics as a science has multiple significance of fingerprints for identification purpose.
applications in various fields such as criminology, (Scientific interest was however not aroused until the later
years of the 17th century. An English doctor, Nehemiah
anthropology, cytogenetic studies etc 1,2. It’s main
Grew was the first person to describe the pores, ridges
advantages are that it is cost-effective, does not require
and arrangements on the palm and fingers. ) The following
extensive equipments and is atraumatic. Dermatoglyphics year, a book on human anatomy by Bidloo was published
has been reported to be associated with a number of in Amsterdam. This included a short account of the
conditions. One such condition is dental occlusion. This epidermal ridges on the thumb, in Latin. A year later, in
association between dermatoglyphics and dental 1686, Marcello Malphigi, an Italian physiologist,
occlusion is due to the fact that development of dentition mentioned briefly, ridges on palms and fingers in De
th
and the palate occurs during the same period as the Externo Tactus Organo. During the 18 century,
development of dermal patterns. Both the dermal patterns various accounts of epidermal ridges appeared in
th
and craniofacial constitution are strongly but not anatomical publications. In the early 19 century (1823),
exclusively genetically governed structures. Purkinje, Professor of Anatomy and Physiology at
Breslaue University, drew attention in a Latin thesis to the
diversity of finger print patterns. He suggested a system of
It is known that any factor active during, the time period
classification consisting of 9 basic types. Francis Galton
of genetic expression is bound to affect all structures 2
(1895) introduced a classification system based on
developing at the time. Hence the deviation from normal scientific basis. His interests included usage in personal
occlusion due to extraneous factors at the time of identifications, inheritance and ethnic differences.
development should also reflect in the dermal patterns.