2020 年 1 月高考英语浙江卷真题解析

试卷导航

语篇 话题 体裁 词数 难度

阅读理解 A 人与自我：回忆童年的阅读经历 记叙文 294 + 56 = 350 易

人与自然：威斯康星州用奶酪盐水给道路
阅读理解 B 说明文 311+98 = 409 易
除冰

阅读理解 C 人与自我：父亲影响孩子学习毅力 议论文 250+128=378 中

阅读七选五 人与自然：饮水问题 说明文 268+94=362 易

完形填空 人与自我：一棵树的生活启示 记叙文 272 中

语法填空 人与社会：老龄化人口 说明文 203 中

应用文写作 人与社会：邀请信 应用文 80（左右） 中

读后续写 人与自然：关爱动物 记叙文 150（左右） 中

试题解读

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 35 分）

第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

I never knew anyone who’d grown up in Jackson without being afraid of Mrs. Calloway, our librarian. She ran
Jackson’s Carnegie Library absolutely by herself. SILENCE in big black letters was on signs hung everywhere. If she
thought you were dressed improperly, she sent you straight back home to change your clothes. I was willing; I would do
anything to read.

My mother was not afraid of Mrs. Calloway. She wished me to have my own library card to check out books for
myself. She took me in to introduce me. “Eudora is nine years old and has my permission to read any book she wants from
the shelves, children or adults,” Mother said.

Mrs. Calloway made her own rules about books. You could not take back a book to the library on the same day you’d
taken it out; it made no difference to her that you’d read every word in it and needed another to start. You could take out
two books at a time and two only. So two by two, I read library books as fast as I could go, rushing them home in the basket
of my bicycle. From the minute I reached our house, I started to read. I knew this was extreme happiness, knew it at the
time.

My mother shared this feeling of mine. Now, I think of her as reading so much of the time while doing something else.
I remember her reading a magazine while taking the part of the Wolf in a game of “Little Red Riding Hood” with my
brother’s two daughters. She’d just look up at the right time, long enough to answer — in character — “The better to eat

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you with, my dear,” and go back to her place in the magazine article.

21. Which of the following best describes Mrs. Calloway?

A. Quiet. B. Strict. C. Humorous. D. Considerate.

22. What do the underlined words “this feeling” refer to in the last paragraph?

A. Desire to read. B. Love for Mrs. Calloway.

C. Interest in games. D. Fear of the library rules.

23. Where is the text probably from?

A. A guidebook. B. An autobiography.

C. A news report. D. A book review.

语篇解读

关键词 library, books, reading

本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了她早年的图书馆阅读经历，母亲在阅读方面对她产生
主旨概要
了很大的影响。

Eudora Welty：尤多拉·韦尔蒂是美国著名女作家（1909—2001），长于描写美国南方生
活，她的作品经常出现在各种美国文学的作品集和美国学校英文课的课本里。在美国
文学界，尤多拉·韦尔蒂被人们誉为短篇小说大师，人们常把她和俄罗斯作家契诃夫相
提并论。其代表作《乐天者的女儿》获得了美国文学界的重要奖项普利策奖。

尤多拉·韦尔蒂的父亲是一家保险公司的高级职员；母亲是学校老师。韦尔蒂的父母很
爱读书，所以在韦尔蒂姐弟三个成长过程中，书籍从来都是他们生活中不可分割的一
百科知识
部分。韦尔蒂晚年时曾在哈佛大学举办系列演讲，回忆她的人生经历，并据此出版了
她的自传《一个作家的开端》。韦尔蒂在回忆录里写道：在她还不识字的时候，她就
下决心要读遍天下所有的书了。韦尔蒂是这样想的，也是这样做的。家里的书不够读
了，她就去当地的图书馆。当时的韦尔蒂也许没想到：几十年后，那所图书馆改建，
新图书馆就被命名为尤多拉·韦尔蒂图书馆。

选自尤多拉·韦尔蒂自传《一个作家的开端》，这本自传讲述了她的家庭和她的周遭环
境是如何打磨她的性格和她的写作的。原文收录在 2000 Advanced Placement Program
原文出处 Free-Response Questions 中。

https://secure-edia.collegeboard.org/apc/eng_lang_00.pdf

语言知识

run [一词多义] 管理，经营；absolutely 完全地；hang 悬挂；improperly [派生词] 不得体

地，不合适地；straight adv 直接，径直，立即；rush [熟词生义] 迅速带走 (此处为及物
重难点词
动词) ；reach 到达，抵达；while 当……的时候，和……同时；character [一词多义] 角
色；place [熟词生义] (书中读到的) 地方，点

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 by oneself 独自地，独立地；in … letters 用……字母；change (one’s) clothes 换衣服；
check out (从图书馆等) 借出；wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事；have (sb’s) permission
重难点词块 to do sth 经 (某人) 许可做某事；it makes no difference to sb that ……对某人而言没什么
差别；at a time 每次；at the / that time 当时，那时候；think of ... as ... 认为 / 觉得……是
……；take the part of 扮演 (part = role)；look up 抬头看；at the right time 在适当的时候

答案与解析

21. B 推 理判 断 题 根 据第 一段 中的 If she thought you were dressed improperly, she sent you straight back home to
change your clothes. 可 知 Mrs. Calloway 对 衣 着 严 格 要 求 以 及 第 三 段 中 她 对 图 书 借 阅 严 格 规 定 可 知 ， Mrs.
Calloway 是一位严格的图书管理员。

22. A 推理判断题 根据第三段最后 I read library books as fast as I could go, rushing them home … I knew this was
extreme happiness, knew it at the time. 可知，作者那时候如饥似渴地阅读；根据本段 Now, I think of her as reading
so much …，可知作者的母亲也很渴望阅读。

23. B 推理判断题 通读全文可知，作者是在回忆自己童年时代的阅读经历，最可能出自自传。

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is road testing a new way to keep winter roads ice-free — by spreading on them cheese brine,
the salty liquid used to make soft cheeses, like mozzarella.

Wisconsin, also called “America’s Dairyland,” is famous for its cheese. The state produced 2.8 billion pounds of
cheese last year! As a result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine. Disposing of ( 处置) the brine can be expensive. So
what should cheese makers do with the waste?

Normally, towns use rock salt to de-ice streets. The salt lowers water’s freezing point, causing ice to melt ( 融化). But
using cheese brine could help both cheese producers and cities save money, while keeping roads safe. Cheese brine has salt
in it, which, like the rock salt, helps lower water’s freezing point.

In addition to saving money, cheese brine could also be a more eco-friendly option. Many people suspect that all the
rock salt used every winter is harming the environment.

Rock salt is made of sodium chloride, the same compound (化合物) in ordinary table salt. Sounds harmless, right? But
while you probably add only a small amount of salt to your food, road crews spread about 20 million tons of salt on U.S.
roads every year!

The chemical washes off roads and goes into the ground. There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants, and eat
away soil. By spreading cheese brine on streets before adding a layer of rock salt, Milwaukee may be able to cut its rock salt
use by 30 percent.

Cheese brine has a downside too — a smell similar to that of bad milk. “I don’t really mind it,” Emil Norby told
Modern Farmer magazine. He works for one of Wisconsin’s county highway commissions and came up with the idea of
using cheese brine. “Our roads smell like Wisconsin!” he said.

24. Why can cheese brine help keep winter roads ice-free?

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 A. It is soft. B. It contains salt.

C. It is warm. D. It has milk in it.

25. What is a benefit of using cheese brine on roads?

A. Improving air quality. B. Increasing sales of rock salt.

C. Reducing water pollution. D. Saving the cheese industry.

26. Milwaukee’s new way to de-ice streets may be an example of ______.

A. barking up the wrong tree

B. putting the cart before the horse

C. robbing Peter to pay Paul

D. killing two birds with one stone

语篇解读

关键词 Wisconsin, ice-free, cheese brine, road

主旨概要 本文是说明文，介绍了美国威斯康星州用剩余的奶酪盐水为道路除冰。

威斯康星州 (Wisconsin)，西北濒苏必利尔湖，东临密歇根湖，面积 14.53 万平方千米，州府

是麦迪逊 (Madison)。威斯康星州 45%为森林区，土地肥沃，是美国花旗参 (西洋参) 的主要
产地。对美国人来说，威斯康星州的农产品名气最大的不是人参，而是它的乳牛和奶制品，
因此该州被人们称之为美国的乳业基地 (America’s Dairyland)。威斯康星州的奶酪，占到全
美产量的一半左右，所以人们也把它叫做奶酪之州 (Cheese State)。威斯康星生产的奶酪在美
国名气很大，特别是它的 60 多家手工奶酪厂家，出产 600 多种奶酪，还有数百家农场出产自
百科知识
己独一无二的品牌奶酪，包括许多有机产品。

岩盐 (rock salt)：岩盐是由咸水湖经由长期蒸发干涸后堆积固化成盐矿，把这些盐矿磨碎后
就是岩盐。

氯化钠 (Sodium chloride)：一种无色立方结晶或细小结晶粉末，味咸。外观是白色晶体状，

其来源主要是海水，是食盐的主要成分。

本文改编比较大，主要来自 New York Times 2013 年 12 月 24 日一篇名为 Pouring Cheese on

Icy Roads in (Where Else?) Wisconsin 的文章和 sustaiablebrands 网站 2013 年名为 Cheese Brine
Helping De-Ice Milwaukee Roads, Make Them 'Smell Like Wisconsin'的文章。

原文出处 https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/24/us/wisconsin-finds-another-role-for-cheese-de-icing-
roads.html

https://sustainablebrands.com/read/waste-not/cheese-brine-helping-de-ice-milwaukee-roads-make-
them-smell-like-wisconsin

语言知识

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 road test [合成词] v 路测；ice-free [合成词] 无冰的；brine 盐水；mozzarella 莫泽雷勒干酪 (一
种色白味淡的意大利干酪)；leftover [合成词] 剩余的；normally [句子副词] 通常；de-ice [派
重难点词
生词] 除去……上的冰 (de-前缀表示“除掉，去掉”)；lower [形容词动词化] 减少，降低；
eco-friendly [合成词] 环保的；downside [合成词] 缺点，不利方面

spread sth on sth 将某物涂 / 敷 / 洒在某物上；as a result 结果；do with 处理；rock salt 岩盐；
freezing point 冰点；in addition to 除……以外 (还)；be made of 由……构成；table salt 食盐；
add ... to 给……添加……；wash off 被冲洗掉；eat away 侵蚀，腐蚀，逐渐破坏；(be) similar
重难点词块 to 与……类似的；come up with 想出，提出；be barking up the wrong tree [习语] 把方法搞
错，走错路线；put the cart before the horse [习语] 本末倒置；rob Peter to pay Paul [习语] 借新
债还旧账，拆东墙补西墙；kill two birds with one stone [习语] 一石二鸟，一箭双雕，一举两
得

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is road testing a new way to keep winter roads ice-free — by spreading on
them cheese brine, the salty liquid used to make soft cheeses, like mozzarella. 句意为：威斯康星
州，Milwaukee 正在道路测试一种使冬季道路无冰的新方法——将用于制作类似莫泽雷勒干
长难句分析
酪一样的柔软奶酪的盐水洒在上面。句子主干为 Milwaukee is road testing a new way；在作方
式状语的介词 by 短语中，the salty liquid 是 cheese brine 的同位语，used to make soft cheeses
作后置定语修饰 the salty liquid。

答案与解析

24. B 事实细节题 根据第三段 Normally, towns use rock salt to de-ice streets ... Cheese brine has salt in it 可知，奶酪盐
水含有盐，可以化冰。

25. C 推理判断题 根据第四段 cheese brine could also be a more eco-friendly option 及第六段 it can pollute drinking
water 可知，用岩盐化冰看似无污染，实际却污染饮用水，而奶酪盐水更环保，可减少水污染。

26. D 推理判断题 根据第二段 As a result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine 及第四段 In addition to saving money,
cheese brine could also be a more eco-friendly option. 可知威斯康星州有很多剩余的奶酪盐水，Emil Norby 想出了
用这些剩余的奶酪盐水来给道路除冰的主意，既解决了剩余的奶酪盐水问题，节约开支，同时也环保，可谓一
举两得。

Today’s world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence ( 毅 力 ), a
characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered
that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.

BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families
over several years. And over time, the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.

“There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers,” Padilla-Walker said. “This research also helps
to prove that characteristics such as persistence — which can be taught — are key to a child’s life success.”

Researchers determined that dads need to practice an “authoritative” parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not
authoritarian: rigid, demanding or controlling. Rather, an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following
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characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father; responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed;
children are given an appropriate level of autonomy (自主权).

In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is
that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence, which leads
to better outcomes in school.

This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single
parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence, which is an avenue of future research.

27. What is special about the BYU professors’ study?

A. It centered on fathers’ role in parenting.

B. It was based on a number of large families.

C. It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.

D. It aimed to improve kids’ achievement in school.

28. What would an authoritative father do when raising his children?

A. Ignore their demands. B. Make decisions for them.

C. Control their behaviors. D. Explain the rules to them.

29. Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?

A. Single parents. B. Children aged from 11 to 14.

C. Authoritarian fathers. D. Mothers in two-parent homes.

30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers

B. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future

C. Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father

D. Family Relationship Influences School Performance

语篇解读

主题句 Fathers are in a unique position to help their children to learn persistence.

本文是一篇议论文，论述的是父亲在孩子的成长中极大地影响孩子毅力的养成，因而呼
主旨概要
吁父亲多给予孩子适当的自主权。

杨百翰大学 (Brigham Young University，缩写：BYU) 成立于 1875 年，学校坐落于美国

百科知识
犹他州的普罗沃市（Provo），是一所美国著名的私立研究型大学。

原文出处 选 自 Psych Central ， 2012 年 6 月 18 日 名 为 Children Tend to Learn Determination From

6
 Father 的文章。

https://psychcentral.com/news/2012/06/18/children-tend-to-learn-determination-from-father/
40301.html

语言知识

adjustment n 调节，适应；follow v [熟词生义] 关注；stress v [熟词生义] 强调；determine

v [正式用语] 查明，确定；practice v [正式] 经常做；authoritative adj [学术词汇] 权威式
的 ， 命 令 式 的 (authority + -ative) ； parenting n 养 育 ， 育 儿 ； authoritarian adj 专 制 的
重难点词 (authority + -an)；rigid adj [学术词汇] 固执的，僵化的；demanding adj (人) 要求严格的，
苛求的；rather adv 相反，反而；appropriate adj 合适的，恰当的；exhibit [正式] 表现，显
出 (display)；above-average 高于平均水平的；significantly adv 显著地，明显地；develop
v [熟词生义] 形成；suggest v 显示，表明 (近 indicate)；avenue n [熟词生义] 方法，途径

set sth for sth 为某事物安排某事物；be heavily influenced by 深受……影响；in a good /

strong / unique position (to do sth) 处于 (做某事的) 有利 / 独特地位；arrive at 达成，得
出；over time 渐渐地，慢慢地；lead to 导致；the key to success 成功的关键；be (more)
重难点词块
likely to do sth (更) 有可能做某事；play a role in doing sth 在做某事中起作用；centre on 集
中于；be based on 建立在……的基础上；aim to do sth 力求做某事；tend to do sth 往往会
做某事

A key skill set for success is persistence ( 毅力), a characteristic that researchers say is heavily
influenced by fathers. 句意为：毅力是成功的关键技能，而研究人员认为这一特征的形成
深 受 父 亲 的 影 响 。 本 句 的 主 干 为 A key skill is persistence, set for success 修 饰 skill ， a
characteristic 作 persistence 的同位语，that 引导定语从句，指代先行词 characteristic，并在
定语从句中作宾语从句的主语。

This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence — which can be taught
— are key to a child’s life success. 句意为：这项研究还有助于证明，毅力等特征是孩子一
长难句分析 生成功的关键，这些特征是可以教会的。非限制性定语从句 which can be taught，修饰先
行词 persistence。

A key finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more
likely to develop persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school. 句意为：一项重要的发
现是，随着时间的推移，由权威型父亲抚养长大的孩子更有可能培养出坚持不懈的精
神，从而在学校取得更好的成绩。本句的主干是主系表结构，that 引导一个表语从句；表
语从句中的主语是 children，raised by an authoritative father 修饰主语 children，which 引导
一个非限制性定语从句，修饰的是前面整个句子 children … were more likely to …

答案与解析

27. A 推理判断题 根据第一段最后一句 Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a
unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.可知，该大学研究的是父亲在家庭中对孩子毅力品

7
 格的养成起着重要作用。故选 A 项。

28. D 推理判断题 根据第四段可知，“权威式的”父亲并不专断，而是要让孩子感受到温暖和责任，要强调规则

背后的缘由，要给予孩子适当的自主权。故推断出，一个“权威式的”父亲会做的事情是给孩子解释规则。

29. A 事实细节题 根据最后一段最后一句 … the researchers suggest that single parents …, which is an avenue of
future research. 可知，未来研究的方向是单亲父母。

30. C 主旨大意题 文章主要论述了父亲的行为会影响孩子毅力的养成。故 C 项 Children Tend to learn Determination

from Father 是文章的最佳标题。

第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water
to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.

31 For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light
or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.

The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people
around the world. 32 That’s around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the
bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhoea (腹泻) from dirty water. That’s around 1,400
children every day! Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. 33 Therefore, they
don’t have time to learn how to read or write and don’t get an education.

34 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty
water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK, children
between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water. 35 People give them money to do this and all the
money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.

A. We use water indirectly too.

B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.

C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems.

D. If children walk many hours a day to get water, they can’t go to school.

E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink?

F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.

G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.

语篇解读

关键词 water, problems

主旨概要 本文是一篇说明文，主要说明在很多国家，洁净的饮用水来之不易。

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 “世界水日”宗旨是唤起公众的节水意识，加强水资源保护。 1977 年召开的“联合国水事
会议”，向全世界发出严重警告：水不久将成为一个深刻的社会危机，石油危机之后的
下一个危机便是水。1993 年 1 月 18 日，第四十七届联合国大会作出决议，确定每年的 3
月 22 日为“世界水日”。

百科知识 据科学界估计，全世界有半数以上的国家和地区缺乏饮用水，特别是经济欠发达的 第三
世界国家，已有 70%，即 17 亿人喝不上清洁水，世界已有将近 80%人口受到水荒的威
胁。我国人均淡水为世界人均水平的四分之一，属于缺水国家，全国已有 300 多个城市
缺水，已有 29%的人正在饮用不良水，其中已有 7000 万人正在饮用高氟水。每年因缺水
而造成的经济损失达 100 多亿元，因水污染而造成的经济损失更达 400 多亿元。

选自 British Council 网站，名为 World Water Day 的文章。

原文出处
http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/uk-now/read-uk/world-water-day

语言知识

重难点词 catch 得病；indirectly 间接地；function v 运转，正常工作；water-related 与水相关的

fill … with 用……装满；turn on (=switch on) 打开；not the case 情况并非如此；one in 10

十分之一；die from 死于；get an education 受教育；educate sb about sth 教导某人某事；as
重难点词块
many as possible 尽可能多的；depend on 依靠，依赖；inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某
事；in this way 用这种方式

The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the
case for many people around the world. 句意为：事实上，我们很幸运，只要我们愿意，随
时都能有干净的水，但对世界上许多人来说，情况并非如此。

On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the
长难句分析 problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the
world. 句意为：每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办各种活动，教育人们了解饮用不干净
的水会引起的问题，而清洁水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。本句的主干为 countries
around the world hold events ...，to educate 为目的状语，第二个 that 引导定语从句，修饰
something。

答案与解析

31. A 此空作为段首句，起承上启下的作用。第一段讲了人和水的直接关系，第二段讲的是水在生活中的用途，是
人和水之间的间接关系。故选 A。

32. E 根据空前提到的“并不是全世界很多人都能喝到干净的水”，空后一句提到的“这大概是世界十分之一的人
口”，可知，前面一句应该涉及人口数量，故选 E。

33. D 空前一句提到“在一些国家，孩子们要步行很远才能取到水”和空后“因此，他们没有时间学习读书写字，
不能接受教育”，可知此空承上启下，说明孩子们不能上学的原因是每天要花很多时间去取水。

34. F 由空后的 this day 可知选 F。

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35. G 空前提到“在英国的一所学校，10 到 15 岁的孩子们带着 6 升水步行 6 公里”，可知这是在效仿取水困难地
区的孩子们，人们以这种方式让孩子们体会去很远的地方取水的艰难，让孩子们知道洁净水的珍贵。

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）

第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood, the one about a 36 is my mother’s favorite.

I was only two when the 37 occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and 38
to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief 39 to dash across the lawn (草坪) — and hit a large maple tree! I was
running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and 40 on my backside. Mom 41 me to start crying, but I just sat there for a
minute. Then I 42 myself up and kept right on going. Mom always 43 here that, as many times as I 44 across the
lawn after that, I never again 45 into that tree.

Mom loves to use this story as an 46 . It reminds her that children don’t enter life 47 to take risks or unwilling to
48 again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that 49 as I grew older. When I 50 my major life
decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my
parents’ home to look for a 51 . Through years of 52 , I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need
students.

We are almost certain to get 53 at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens, don’t sit
in the grass and 54 . Just get up and keep on going. It will all be worth it 55 .

36. A. trip B. race C. tree D. driver

37. A. incident B. change C. illness D. problem

38. A. feared B. refused C. forgot D. turned

39. A. delay B. absence C. freedom D. rest

40. A. landed B. slept C. laughed D. wept

41. A. promised B. encouraged C. allowed D. expected

42. A. woke B. picked C. warmed D. gave

43. A. adds B. replies C. admits D. supposes

44. A. drove B. lived C. stood D. zoomed

45. A. crashed B. broke C. climbed D. looked

46. A. answer B. example C. excuse D. order

47. A. able B. ashamed C. afraid D. anxious

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48. A. ask B. share C. learn D. try

49. A. honesty B. toughness C. kindness D. curiosity

50. A. regretted B. reviewed C. made D. explained

51. A. job B. friend C. fortune D. house

52. A. memories B. efforts C. research D. experience

53. A. mixed up B. fed up

C. knocked down D. settled down

54. A. play B. relax C. dream D. cry

55. A. all at once B. in the end C. in either case D. as a result

语篇解读

关键词 legally blind, take risks, try, achieve our goal

本文是一篇记叙文。作者天生就是盲人，两岁时有一天趁妈妈无暇顾及之时，飞快地跑
过草坪，却不小心撞到了一棵树上。跌倒后的作者并没有坐在原地哭泣，而是爬起来继
主旨概要
续跑，并且以后再也没有撞到那棵树上。这种不怕冒险、遇到挫折仍勇于尝试的精神一
直伴随着作者的生活、学习和工作。

legally blind 法定盲

法律根据眼科医学的标准所制定的眼盲标准。按 American Optometric Association (美国视

光协会) 的标准，所谓 legally blind 就是正常人在 200 英尺之外就能看到的东西，legally
百科知识
blind 的人 (即使在最佳矫正后) 也需要在不超过 20 英尺的距离才能看清楚，即 20/200 的
视力；或者每只眼的视角不大于 20 度，视野异常狭小。物理学上讲，光线仍然能够在视
网膜上成像，但可用性几乎等于零。在世界范围内，大概有 3 亿法定盲人，这些人几乎
是失明的。

选自 National Federation of the Blind (NFB) 网站，2014 年 4 月名为 Life Lessons from a
原文出处 Tree 的文章。

https://www.nfb.org/images/nfb/publications/bm/bm14/bm1404/bm140409.htm

语言知识

incident 发生的事情 (尤指不寻常的或讨厌的); dash 急奔，猛冲 (近 rush)；land (从空中)

重难点词 落下 (到某物上) (= drop)；backside [非正式] 屁股 (近 behind, bottom)；zoom [非正式] 快
速移动，迅速前往 (近 rush)；tear 飞跑，狂奔；full-speed 全速 (或全力) 向前

重难点词块 take advantage of 利用 (机会)；bounce off 从……弹起；pick oneself up (跌倒后) 站起来；

crash into 撞向；take risks 冒险；make a major life decision 做人生重大决定；knock sb

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 down 击倒某人；at some point 在某个阶段

It reminds her that children don’t enter life afraid to take risks or unwilling to try again when
写作句型
they fall down.

答案与解析

36. C 根据第二段中的 hit a large maple tree 可知，作者主要讲述的是自己两岁时撞上一棵枫树的前后经过以及由此

感悟到的人生哲理。

37. A 下文讲述的是整个事件 (incident) 的经过。

38. D 根据此空前面的 Mom lifted me out of the car 和下文作者独自跑开可知，此处母亲应该是抱作者下车后转身

(turn) 去和司机说话。

39. C 根据第一段首句 I was born legally blind.可知，作者天生是盲人，身边应该总有人照顾；再结合下文中的关键

词 take advantage of, dash 和 fast 可知，作者当时应该是趁大人不注意时，即获得短暂的自由(freedom)，一溜烟
就跑开了。

40. A 根据 I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk 可知，作者跑得太快撞上树干后一屁股坐到地上。land on
my backside 意为“摔了个屁股蹲儿”。

41. D 根据 but I just sat there for a minute 可知，妈妈以为作者会哭但是却没哭。expect 意为“料想”。

42. B 根据上文 I just sat there for a minute 和下文 kept right on going, 以及最后一段倒数第二句 Just get up and keep on
going.可知，此处应该是指从地上爬起来。 pick oneself up 意为“(跌倒后) 爬起来”；wake up 意为“醒，叫
醒”；warm up 意为“热身，热闹起来”； give up 意为“放弃”。

43. A 此处承接上句，指每次说到这里时，作者的妈妈总会补充说后续。add that … 意为“补充说，继续说”。

44. D 与第二段中的 dash across the lawn 呼应。zoom 意为“快速移动，迅速前往”。

45. A 与第二段中的 hit a large maple tree 呼应。crash into sth 意为“撞上某物”。

46. B 根据下文可知，妈妈在后来的孩子教育上一直拿此事举例。example 意为“实例，例子”。

47. C 根据本句中的 or 可知，此空与后面的 unwilling 并列，表示不敢 / 害怕 (afraid)。

48. D 此处用 when they fall down 比喻失败或受挫后，害怕冒险或再次尝试 (try)。try 符合语境。

49. B 根据第二段中作者撞倒后继续坚强前行和本段上句中的“这件事提醒了妈妈，孩子们在失败、受到挫折后，
就害怕或者不愿意再尝试了。”可知，妈妈希望作者保持这种坚韧不拔 (toughness) 的精神。

50. C make a decision 是常用搭配，意为“作出决定”。

51. A 根据下一句可知，此处指作者出国留学、后来搬出父母家去找工作(job)。

52. B 根据本句后半部分中的 become a respected teacher 可知，作者后来成为一位备受尊敬的老师，这是需要多年的

努力 (effort) 才能做到的。

53. C 根据上文作者的故事和本段下文中的 When that happens, don’t sit in the grass 可知，此处表示在实现目标的过
程中，总会有挫折。knock down 意为“打 / 击 / 撞倒”，此处喻指受挫。
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54. D 与第二段中的 … start crying 呼应。

55. B 通读全文可知，此处作者表明态度：只要不怕失败、坚持不懈、勇往直前，最终一定会成功的。 in the end 意

为“最后，最终”；all at once 意为“突然”；in either case 意为“(两种情况中的) 任何一种情况”；as a result
意为“结果”。

第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Something significant is happening to the world population — it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an American
in 1950 56 (be) 30 — today it is 41 and is expected 57 (increase) to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the 58 (number) are
more striking — 22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65; by 2050, it
will be one in six.

This aging of the population is driven 59 two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations
are large 60 (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes 61 (old) than before. This
is 62 (particular) true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 63
very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.

People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 64 (place) on longevity (长寿). It isn’t
just that people are, on average, living longer. It’s also that they are on average healthier 65 more productive for longer.
Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.

考点分布：

有提示词 无提示词

谓语 非谓 词性 名词 代词 比较 冠词 介词 定从 名从 状从 并列
动词 语动 转换 单复 级
词 数

2 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1

答案与解析

56. was 根据 in 1950，可知此处用一般过去时。

13
57. to increase sb / sth is expected to do sth 预计某人 / 某物做某事。

58. numbers 根据谓语动词 are，可知主语应该用复数。

59. by 此句为被动语态，介词 by 的宾语是动作的执行者。

60. compared 主语 old generations 和 compare 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。compared to / with 意为“与……相

比”。

61. older 根据 than，可知此处用比较级。

62. particularly 该词修饰形容词 true，应用副词。

63. a have a(n) … chance of 意为“有……的可能性”。

64. be placed 此句用被动语态，place 和主语 attention 之间是被动关系。

65. and healthier 和 more productive 是并列关系，故用 and。

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）

第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）

假定你是李华，你校将举办外国学生中文演讲比赛，请给你的英国朋友 George 写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包

括：

1. 比赛时间；2. 演讲话题；3. 报名方式。

注意：

1. 词数 80 左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考范文：

Dear George,

There will be a Chinese speech contest for foreign students in our school. I’d like to invite you to compete in it,
because this is a good chance for you to show how well you’ve learned Chinese. It will take place in the school hall from
9:00 to 12:00 on the morning of January 18. The topic is “Traditional Chinese Culture”. If you are interested, sign up on our
school website www.ycshool.com before January 10.

I’m looking forward to your reply.

　　 Yours,

　　 Li Hua

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第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分）

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

“I’m going to miss you so much, Poppy,” said the tall, thin teenager. He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye. He
stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions (情绪) get the better of him.

His parents were not quite able to keep theirs under control. They had driven their son several hours out of town to the
university where he would soon be living and studying. It was time to say goodbye for now at least. The family hugged and
smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.

The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder, and flashed a bright smile. “I guess this is it.” he said. “I’ll see you back
home in a month, okay?” His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the crowds of hundreds of
students and parents. The boy’s mother turned to the dog, “Okay, Poppy, time to go back home.”

The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there. All that week, Poppy didn’t seem interested in her
dinner, her favorite toy, or even in her daily walk. Her owners were sad too, but they knew their son would be back to visit,
Poppy didn’t.

They offered the dog some of her favorite peanut butter treats. They even let her sit on the sofa, but the old girl just
wasn’t her usual cheerful self. Her owners started to get worried, “What should we do to cheer Poppy up?” asked Dad.
“We’ve tried everything.”

“I have an idea, but it might be a little crazy,” smiled Mom. “Without anybody left in the house but us, this place could
use a bit of fun. Let’s get a little dog for Poppy.”

It didn’t take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box. Poppy welcomed them home as
usual, but when she saw the box, she stopped. She put her nose on it. Her tail began wagging ( 摆动) ever so slowly, then
faster as she caught the smell.

注意：

1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；

2. 至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared. ___________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________

A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from the university. _______________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________

参考范文:

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 Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared. Poppy jumped with joy at the sight of the little dog. She lowered
her head to watch it curiously. Then she became so excited that she accidentally knocked over the box in an attempt to get
closer. With the box tipping over, out came the little one, who was not shy and instantly got familiar with Poppy. It didn’t
take long before the two played around the house, cheerfully running after each other.

A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from the university. He had been missing his parents and the dog since it was
the first time that he had been away from home for such a long time. When the boy caught sight of Poppy, he went rushing
toward the dog and bent down to give her a big hug. Suddenly, the boy noticed the little dog. “Oh my god, who is this?” His
parents laughed at the look of surprise on his face. “It’s Poppy’s new companion.” said Mom. (155)

16