CROSS-SECTIONAL, TIME –

SERIES, AND PANEL DATA

Cross-Sectional, Time Series Data and Panel Data
Cross-Sectional
Time Series Data
Time Series
Data
Cross-Sectional
Cross-Sectional
 Panel Data

Panel data sometimes referred to as longitudinal data,

is data that contains observations about different cross
sections across time.
Panel data can detect and measure statistical effects that
pure time series or cross-sectional data can't.
It deals with the observations on the same subjects in
different times.
Time series data cross-sectional data
Panel Data