Chapter 1.

6, Problem 24E

Problem
Identify the error or errors in this argument that supposedly shows that if is true
then < is true.

1 Premise

Universal
2 instantiation
from (1)

Simplification
3
from (2)

Universal
4 generalization
from (3)

Simplification
5
from (2)

Universal
6 generalization
from (5)

Conjunction
7
from(4)and(6)
 Step-by-step solution

Step 1 of 4

The objective is to identify the errors in the argument shows if is true then

is true.

Take premise as step 1.

Here premise is

Now, follow the step 2.

Use universal instantiation from the premise is

Step 2 of 4

From the third step there is a simplification from but it should be using a
statement.

Here doesn’t guarantee that is correct.

So, the first error is at step 3.

Step 3 of 4
Also, there is by universal generalization from step 3.

Hence, there is no error in step 4.

From the step 5, there is a simplification from but it should be using a

statement.

Here doesn’t guarantee that is correct.

So, the first error is at step 5.

Step 4 of 4

Also, there is by universal generalization from step 5.

From step 7, conjunction should yield a statement.

Thus, the error is at step 7.