Summary and Synthesis for Topic 2_Theoretical

Framework: Liberalism and Marxism

Gabon, Roselyn P.
MAED-SocSci
1st Sem

The difference between Marxism and Liberalism stems from the key idea around which each of
these concepts are built. Both Marxism and Liberalism are concepts that are espoused by
people all over the world. Marxism was introduced by Karl Marx to explain the changes and
developments in the society as a result of the conflict between the elites and the working class
people. Liberalism, on the other hand, emphasizes the idea of being free and equal with regard
to certain concepts like religion, trade, political freedom, civil rights, etc. Marxism focuses more
on establishing a classless society that is called the “Communism” and Liberalism is just a
movement that stresses the freedom in behavior or attitudes of individuals. Let us look at these
two ideologies; namely, Marxism and Liberalism, and the difference between them in detail.
Marxism refers to the political and economic theories brought out by Karl Marx, especially with
regard to the capitalistic social structure. Marx analyzed the social structure based on the
economic activities and, according to him, economy is one of the main requirements for
humans to satisfy their needs. The best sample of the Marxism theory is that society is divide
according to their means of living in the society. Marxism seeks to explain social phenomena
within any given society by analyzing the material conditions and economic activities required
to fulfill human material needs. The idea of Marxism is that the society split to two society the
poor and the rich.
Liberalism can be identified as a political philosophy that emphasizes the idea of being free and
liberate. In liberalism they have the freedom to choose in their society. In political terms, this
term stands for equality, liberty and the functioning of government with an acceptance. In this
period the people are open minded in all aspect of their society. humanity's obligations are
concerned wholly with the welfare of the human race. the doctrine that humankind may
become perfect without divine aid.
The relationship between Marxism and Liberalism is that Capitalism is an economic system
whereby private individuals own and control means of production. On the other hand, Marxism
is an economic, political, and social concept that critically checks the impact of capitalism on
labor, productivity, and economic development