pH, pOH, Buffers: Laboratory MTChem3: Analytical Chemistry for MLS

Worksheet

A. pH Determination

CLASSIFICATION
SAMPLE pH (Strong/Moderate/Weak:
Acid/Base/Neutral)
0.1 M HCl 1 Strong Acid
0.1 M NaOH 13 Strong Base
0.1 M NaCl 7 Neutral
0.1 M C2H3O2H 4 Moderate Acid
0.1 M NH3 10 Moderate Base
0.1 M NaHCO3 10 Moderate Base
Carbonated Drink 3 Moderate Acid
Detergent 12 Strong Base

B. pH as a function of concentration

SAMPLE pH [H+] pOH [OH-] CONCENTRATION

0.1 M HCl 1 0.1 M 13 1.00 x 10-13 M 0.1 M

0.1 M HCl + 9mL

2 0.01M 12 1.00 x 10-12 M 0.01 M
dH2O

0.1 M NaOH 13 1.00 x 10-13 M 1 0.1 M 0.1 M

0.1 M NaOH + 9mL

11 1.00 x 10-12 M 3 1.00 x 10-3 M 0.01 M
dH2O

pH, pOH, Buffers: Laboratory MTChem3: Analytical Chemistry for MLS

Worksheet
C. Buffers

1 CLEO FRANCES CONCEPCION, JOANNA MARIE SISON & RENZ AARON ZAMOR
 Buffer System: Acetic acid – Sodium acetate buffer system

Acid: Acetic acid_

Base: Sodium acetate_

SAMPLE pH [H+] pKa

Buffer 4.00 1.00 x 10-4 M 4.00

After the addition of 5
4.00 1.00 x 10-4 M 4.00
drops of HCl
After the addition of 5
4.00 1.00 x 10-4 M 4.00
drops of NaOH

Buffer System: Ammonium chloride – Ammonia buffer system

Acid: Ammonium chloride

Base: __Ammonia__

SAMPLE pH [H+] pKa

Buffer 8.00 1.00 x 10-8 M 8.00

After the addition of 5
7.00 1.00 x 10-7 M 7.00
drops of HCl
After the addition of 5
8.00 1.00 x 10-8 M 8.00
drops of NaOH

How does a buffer work?

A buffer is an aqueous solution that can be added to an acidic and basic part because it has a highly stable pH.
Buffers work as neutralizers when hydrogen ions are added, the buffer can neutralize it by the base in the buffer.
On the other hand, when hydroxide ions are added, the buffer will neutralize it by the acid in the buffer. This
process of neutralization has little or no effect on the pH of the buffer solution. Therefore, buffers are used in
solutions to maintain pH at a nearly constant value.

2 CLEO FRANCES CONCEPCION, JOANNA MARIE SISON & RENZ AARON ZAMOR