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1. Comparison of Head count ratio (How many are poor) and intensity (how poor are the poor) of both
states vis-a-vis India.

1.1 Observations (overall):

● Andhra Pradesh outperforms Gujarat in terms of the proportion of its population who is multidimensionally
poor in the state. While in Gujarat 18.6% of people are multidimensionally poor, in Andhra Pradesh the figures
are as low as 12.31%

● In another striking observation we note that in

Andhra Pradesh, the proportion of people who
are multidimensionally poor is less than half of
the proportion of people recognized as
multidimensional poor across India.

● In terms of intensity of multidimensional

poverty, Andhra Pradesh fares better than
Gujarat as well as the whole of India. Among
those who are multidimensionally poor, the
intensity of multidimensional poverty in
Andhra Pradesh is 43.23% as opposed to 45%
in Gujarat and 47.13% on the national level.

1.2 Observations (for Rural Areas):

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● Andhra Pradesh performs significantly better than both Gujarat and India as a whole in terms of proportion of
people in rural areas who are multidimensionally poor. While in Gujarat 27.4% and in India 32.75% of rural
population are multidimensionally poor, only 15.35% of people are multidimensionally poor in the rural areas
of Andhra Pradesh.
● In terms of intensity of poverty among those who are multidimensionally poor, Andhra Pradesh performs
slightly better than Gujarat and the national average with 43.28% of poor rural population experiencing intense
multidimensional poverty, as opposed to 45.12% and 47.38% recorded in Gujarat and India, respectively.

1.3 Observations (for Urban Areas):

● In urban areas, people register significantly less multidimensional poverty than their rural counterparts in both
the states and even across India. In Andhra Pradesh, 4.91% of people suffer from multidimensional poverty
against 6.59% in Gujarat and 8.81% in India.
● With respect to the intensity of poverty among the multidimensional poor, Andhra Pradesh performs slightly
better than Gujarat and the national average with 43.83% of the poor urban population experiencing intense
multidimensional poverty, as against 44.34% and 45.25% in Gujarat and India, respectively.

2.Comparison of Multidimensional
Poverty Index (MPI) Scores

2.1 Observations:

● For both rural and urban areas, Andhra

Pradesh is a better performer than Gujarat
and India in MPI score.
● In rural areas, the MPI score for Andhra
Pradesh is 0.06 against 0.124 and 0.155 for
Gujarat and India, respectively.
● In urban areas, the MPI score for Andhra
Pradesh is 0.021 against 0.029 and 0.040 for
Gujarat and India, respectively.
● Overall, Andhra Pradesh outperforms
Gujarat and India as a whole with an MPI score of 0.053, against a score of 0.084 and 0.118 for Gujarat and
India, respectively.

.
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3.Comparison of Indicator-wise contribution to overall MPI for both States vis-a-via India.

3.1 Indicator: Health

● The indicator of Nutrition, which considers

the number of undernourished people,
contributes 28.9% to the overall MPI of
Andhra Pradesh, as opposed to 30.7% of
Gujarat and 28.1% of India.
● The indicator for child and adolescent
mortality, which measures the death of any
adolescent below the age of 18, contributes
1.4% to the overall MPI of Andhra Pradesh
against 1.1% of Gujarat and 1.3% of the
national average.
● The indicator of maternal health, which
measures whether or not a mother has
received at least 4 antenatal care visits for
the most recent childbirth, contributes 7.5%
to the MPI of Andhra Pradesh, as opposed to
8.7% of Gujarat and 10.4% of India.

.
● Thus from the data, It can be inferred that Andhra Pradesh performs better in nutrition and maternal health than
Gujarat, but lags behind in child and adolescent mortality.
● However, the overall contribution of health indicators to MPI for Andhra Pradesh (37.8%) is better than Gujarat
(40.5%) and the national average (39.8%).

3.2 Indicator: Education

The indicator of years of schooling which

denotes that not even one member of the
household aged 10 years or above has
completed six years of schooling
contributes 24.2% to the MPI of Andhra
Pradesh, as opposed to 13.3% of Gujarat
and 15.1% of National Average.
● The indicator of school attendance which
denotes that any school-aged child not
attending school upto the age at which
he/she would complete class 8,
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contributes 4.6% to the MPI of Andhra Pradesh, as opposed to 9.5% of Gujarat and 7.4% of India as a whole.
● Thus, data reveals that while Andhra Pradesh performs better in school attendance than Gujarat and India as a
whole, it performs poorly in the indicator for years of schooling.

3.3 Indicator: Standard of Living

● The indicator for cooking fuel that denotes that a household cooks with dung, agricultural crops, shrubs, wood,
charcoal or coal contributes 8.7% to the overall MPI of Andhra Pradesh, against 9.8% of Gujarat and 9.3% to
the national average.
● The indicator for sanitation which measures whether a household has unimproved or no sanitation facility, or is
improved but shared with other households, contributes 9.4% to the overall MPI of Andhra Pradesh, against
8.8% of Gujarat and 8.6% to the national figures.
● The indicator for drinking water which denotes that a household does not have access to drinking water or safe
drinking water is at least a thirty-minute walk from home contributes 3.9% to the overall MPI of Andhra
Pradesh, against 2.7% of Gujarat and 2.2% to the national average
● The indicator for electricity that specifies that a household has no electricity contributes 0.5% to the overall MPI
of Andhra Pradesh, against 1.6% of Gujarat and 3.3% to India as a whole
● This particular indicator denotes that the household has inadequate housing (the floor is made up of natural
materials, or the roof or wall are made of rudimentary materials). This contributes 5.1% to the overall MPI of
Andhra Pradesh, against 6.5% of Gujarat and 8.3% to the national average.
● This indicator denotes that the household does not own more than one of the assets (radio, T.V, telephone,
computer, animal cart, bicycle, motorbike or refrigerator) and does not own a car or truck. This measure
contributes 4.3% to the overall MPI of Andhra Pradesh, against 4.7% of Gujarat and 3.6% to the national
figures.