Barboza P., Maza M., Pérez P.

Facultad de ingeniería
Programa de ingeniería química
Curso de Diseño de Reactores

“Taller de Accidentes y Seguridad Industrial”

Profesora:
Martha Cuenca, MSc, Ph.D.

Alumnos:
Barboza Malambo Pablo Miguel
Maza Caraballo María Camila
Pérez Alvear Paulo Andrés

Cartagena, Distrito Turístico y Cultural

2020-01

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1. ¿Qué sospechaba Andrea Brown?

A// Andrea suspects the fumes from the Village's variety of heavy industries caused
her brain aneurysm and lung ailments.

2. ¿Que se alegaba a los pleitos legales?

A// They alleged that decades of dumping and burning caused health complications
for people who live within two miles.

3. ¿Qué compañías son sospechosas por las contaminaciones?

- Pharmacia.
- Solutia.
- Pfizer.
- Monsanto AG Products.
- Cerro Flow Products (for allegedly mishandling wastewater at its copper recycling
facility in Sauget).

4. ¿Cuál es la sustancia que mas se produce en el área de Sauget?

A// PCB or PolyChlorinated Biphenyls, products that were banned as a suspected

carcinogen.

5. ¿Por qué es importante la simulación de procesos aplicada a la prevención

de accidentes industriales?

A// It is important, since the simulation serves as a reference to predict the

behaviors of real industrial processes and therefore their possible dangers. since it
takes the properties and the real data directly from the process conditions and
allows us to compare the results obtained with the measured data and thus, ensure
safe behavior.

Also, to develop control strategies with response requirements, and to design

protective equipment, such as the emergency cooling and pressure relief systems,
to prevent a hazardous runaway occurrence.

6. ¿Qué factores se tiene en cuenta para realizar las simulaciones?

- System properties (time data, temperature, etc.).

- Mathematical modeling of the system (heat and material balance differential

equations).

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- The nature of chemical reactions in the systems (reactions of primary chemistry,

undesirable side reactions and decomposition reactions, and associated pressure
behavior).

- System security (parameters, conditions, etc.).

7. ¿Cómo se llama el tipo de control que se realiza en los reactores para

prevenir accidentes?

A// On-Line Application.

8. ¿Cómo se validan las simulaciones que se realizan?

A// Simulation output can then be compared to select measured variables.

9. ¿Por qué se deben estudiar los diferentes accidentes en plantas químicas

alrededor del mundo?

A// The fundamental reason for studying these industrial accidents is for
Prevention/Control/Safety when operating these plants in the chemical sector.
These companies are obliged to report any incident in order to generate awareness
and analysis so that the other companies in the world do not make the same
mistakes and have in the acting, the necessary measures to prevent these
disasters.

10. ¿Por qué considera importante la creación de un comité entre industriales,

entes gubernamentales y universidades para la Seguridad Industrial en
Plantas Químicas?

A// It is considered important to the extent that through this Industrial-University

relationship, they can be aware, train and inform their Employees-Students about
safety. This also strengthens the communication and professional development of
both sides since it can provide drills endorsed by these authorities, and to train
students of universities in the industrial field typical of large chemical companies,
enhancing through the experience of their workers, the legacy and good industrial
practices to the future generation.

11. ¿Por qué son importantes las presentaciones y las imágenes en el análisis
de accidentes en plantas químicas?

A// They are important because it basically allows you to condense the information
that can be placed in a text box. This is often somewhat distracting and tedious
because you can miss the thread of the conversation regarding the person who
exposes the different accidents in the industries, and by a series of images that
perfectly represent the situations, risks, safety measures, expert analysis,
understand in a clearer and faster way the subject. In addition, it is scientifically

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proven that the human being understands, analyses and captures more the ideas
raised when a lecture, conference or oratory is given when he is presented with
illustrations, photographs, schematics, sketches, among others; the purpose is to
reach the brain and not so much to the heart, citing the famous phrase "An image
is worth a thousand words".

12. De los accidentes mencionados en el artículo, ¿cuál de ellos les parece más
grave y por qué?

A// We must make the caveat that the accidents mentioned in Willey's seminar
package (1999), none is better than another since in all there were dire
consequences, many people dead, injured, with post-sequels that would mark their
lives to this day, among others. But we choose the strongest crisis in the entire
industry worldwide in the city of Bhopal, India. This led to more than 8000 people
killed by the massive and evolutionary proliferation of toxic gases circulating in the
area, all due to a serious lack of professional ethics by the directives and the main
authorities that made up the Union Carbide organization by not carrying out the
relevant cleanings in the pipes where contaminated water flowed, and by an
unprofessional idea of putting above the savings in production cost, above improve
stability so that the process was carried out in the optimal conditions. As such, this
series of accidents are objectively analyzed and the common denominator turns
out to be the shortcoming at the time of revisions and measures of sanitation and
industrial safety, such as the operation of reactors in the early hours of the
morning; the drive of the superiors of the industries is also not adequate, there are
cases in which they do not know what protocols to implement and in many other
cases, expose the lives of their employees by not providing them with the different
PPE’s (Personal Protective Equipments) when faced with accidents at the
industrial level.

13. ¿Por qué es importante involucrar el tema de seguridad industrial en los

Programas de Ingeniería Química?

A// Because it's a fundamental requirement, not only for the chemical engineering
program, but for any career that has action in the industry. This is an important
knowledge in the strengthening and generation of awareness in the person who will
perform in the industrial area, also, acquiring these principles can prepare the
person mentally for when there is any inconvenience in the plant, know the
protocols, safety measures and prevention of equipment that can mitigate the
impacts that can create and above all , safeguarding the lives of people in the
operational environment.

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