Coronary Heart

DISEASE
By: Ali Maki
 Table of contents

1 2 3

What is Coronary Heart What Symptoms/Effects What are some dietary

Disease? occur in cases of causes that could lead to
Coronary Heart Disease? Coronary Heart Disease?

4 5 6
What are some genetic What treatments cure or Taking a look at the
factors that could lead to relieve symptoms of statistics regarding
Coronary Heart Disease? Coronary Heart Disease? Coronary Heart Disease
 01
Introduction
What is Coronary Heart Disease?
 Introduction
Coronary heart disease (CHD), or
coronary artery disease, develops when
the coronary arteries become too narrow.
The coronary arteries are the blood
vessels that supply oxygen and blood to
the heart.

CHD tends to develop when cholesterol

builds up on the artery walls, creating
plaques. These plaques cause the
arteries to narrow, reducing blood flow to
the heart. A clot can sometimes obstruct
the blood flow, causing serious health
problems.
 02
Symptoms/Effects
What Symptoms/Effects occur in cases of CHD?
 Symptoms/Effects

A
Chest pain or
B
discomfort (angina)
Weakness,
light-headedness,
nausea (feeling sick
to your stomach), or
a cold sweat.
 03
Dietary Causes
What are some Dietary Causes that could lead
to Coronary Heart Disease?
 Dietary Causes
1 2
Cholesterol is a fat Reduce your risk of heart disease,
crucial to many by replacing energy intake from
metabolic functions and saturated and trans “bad fats” in
is an essential part of all your diet with unsaturated “good
the body’s cell fats”. Substitute butter, coconut
membranes. It is made and palm oil, lard, dripping and
by the body from the copha) with oils made from seeds
food we eat and is or plants (such as olive, avocado,
produced in the liver. sunflower, canola, safflower,
peanut, soybean and sesame).
Other sources of unsaturated fats
include unsalted nuts, seeds, and
avocado.
3 4
Blood lipids (fats) that contain
cholesterol include
low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
and high-density lipoprotein
(HDL). LDL “bad” cholesterol
can lead to plaque forming in
the arteries while HDL
(‘good’) cholesterol helps to
remove cholesterol from the
body and makes it harder for
plaque to form in the arteries.
Like saturated fats, trans
fats tend to increase LDL
(bad) cholesterol in the
blood but they also tend to
reduce HDL (good)
cholesterol levels. So, they
are more damaging to our
health and can increase our
risk of cardiovascular
diseases (such as heart
disease and stroke).
 04
Genetic Factors
What are some genetic factors that could lead
to Coronary Heart Disease?
 Genetic Factors

For years, heart disease was

considered a man's disease.
However, we now know that
heart disease is the leading
cause of death for women as
Gender well as men. Although men
tend to develop coronary artery
disease earlier in life, after age
65 the risk of heart disease in
women is almost the same as in
men. Women have many of the
same risk factors for heart
disease as men, such as
smoking, high blood pressure,
and high cholesterol.
 Genetic Factors

As you age, so do your blood

vessels. They become less
flexible, making it harder for
blood to move through them
easily. Fatty deposits called
Age plaques also collect along your
artery walls and slow the blood
flow from the heart. These
things, along with poor nutrition
and exercise habits, can
increase your risk of heart
disease. Add other risk factors,
such as high blood pressure,
smoking, and diabetes; and it's
likely that you will have a
greater risk for a heart attack.
 Genetic Factors

Although death rates from CHD

have been declining nationally,
the age-adjusted death rate
from CHD is higher among
non-Hispanic blacks than any
Ethnicity other racial/ethnic group. The
rate of premature CHD death is
higher among non-Hispanic
blacks than their white
counterparts [49]. In a recent
study, it was found that
African-Americans with
confirmed Acute Coronary
Syndrome (ACS) were younger,
poorer, and less educated and
had a longer pre-hospital delay
than whites.
 Genetic Factors

If one of your immediate family members,

such as a parent or sibling, has had a
heart attack, a stroke, or was diagnosed
with heart disease before the age of 60,
this may indicate a family history of
Family History premature heart disease. This means that
your chances of developing the same
condition may be higher than normal.

You could’ve inherited genes that cause

heart disease. While there’s no single
gene that causes heart disease, several
genes can work together to increase your
chances of developing it. Certain genes
can pass on risk factors such as high
blood pressure or high cholesterol.
 05
Treatments
What treatments cure or relieve symptoms of
Coronary Heart Disease?
 Lifestyle Treatments

● ● ●

● ●
 Drug Treatments

● ● ●

● ● ●
 06
Statistics
Taking a look at the statistics regarding CHD
 Statistics

2 in 10 Deaths
are due to CHD occuring in adults less than 65 years old.

18.2 Million
adults age 20 and older have CAD (about 6.7%).

365,914 people
have died from Coronary Heart Disease in 2017, making it the
most common type of heart disease.
Statistics
Statistics
 Citations
● CDC. “Heart Disease Facts.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 Sept. 2020,
www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/facts.htm#:~:text=Coronary%20heart%20disease%20is%20the,killing%20365%2C914%20people
%20in%202017.&text=About%2018.2%20million%20adults%20age,have%20CAD%20(about%206.7%25).&text=About%202
%20in%2010%20deaths,less%20than%2065%20years%20old.. Accessed 27 Jan. 2021.

● Felman, Adam. “What to Know about Coronary Heart Disease.” Medicalnewstoday.com, Medical News Today, 5 July 2019,
www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/184130. Accessed 27 Jan. 2021.

● Wang, Qing. “Molecular Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease.” Current Opinion in Cardiology, vol. 20, no. 3, 2005, pp. 182–8,
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1579824/#:~:text=Indeed%2C%20many%20risk%20factors%20have,low%2Ddensity
%20lipoprotein%20(LDL), 10.1097/01.hco.0000160373.77190.f1. Accessed 27 Jan. 2021.

● CDC. “Coronary Artery Disease.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 9 Dec. 2019,
www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/coronary_ad.htm. Accessed 27 Jan. 2021.

● “Family History and Heart Disease | Heart Foundation.” Heartfoundation.org.au, 2019,

www.heartfoundation.org.au/heart-health-education/family-history-and-heart-disease#:~:text=If%20one%20of%20your%20i
mmediate,may%20be%20higher%20than%20normal.. Accessed 28 Jan. 2021.

●“Heart Disease and Food.” Vic.gov.au, 2012,

www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/heart-disease-and-food. Accessed 28 Jan. 2021.