VBPS, NOIDA

Chemistry Practical
Class: XII

Experiment No.1- Redox Titration

Aim: a. To prepare 100 ml of M/40 Mohr salt solution.

b. To determine the concentration/molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against
standard solution of ferrous ammonium sulphate.

Apparatus: Test – tubes, test tube holder, beaker, standard flask, funnel, watch glass etc.

Materials Required: KMnO4, Mohr salt, 4N H2SO4, distil water etc.

Theory:
1. The oxidation and reduction reactions in aqueous solutions involve the transfer of
electrons from one species to another. In the oxidation of a substance electron(s) is (are)
transferred from the species and in reduction, electron(s) is (are) gained by the species.
Oxidation and reduction reactions occur simultaneously. A reaction, which involves
simultaneous oxidation and reduction, is called a redox reaction. The titrations
involving redox reaction are called redox titrations
2. In the present experiment, potassium permanganate acts as a powerful oxidising agent.
Although KMnO4 acts as an oxidising agent in alkaline medium also, for quantitative
analysis mostly acidic medium is used.
3. The oxidising action of KMnO4 in the acidic medium can be represented by the
following equation: MnO4 – + 8H+ +5e– → Mn2+ + 4H2O
4. The acid used in this titration is dilute sulphuric acid. Nitric acid is not used as it is itself
an oxidising agent and hydrochloric acid is usually avoided because it reacts with
KMnO4 according to the equation given below to produce chlorine and chlorine which
is also an oxidising agent in the aqueous solution.
2KMnO4 + 16 HCl → 2KCl + 2 MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8 H2O
5. Ferrous ammonium sulphate acts as a reducing agent in the titration against potassium
permanganate. In this titration heating of ferrous ammonium sulphate solution is not
required because reaction rate is very high even at room temperature.

Ionic equation – (on plain side)

Reduction half reaction: MnO4 – + 5e – + 8H +
→ Mn2+ + 4H2O
Oxidation half reaction: Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e–] × 5
___________________________________________________________________________
MnO4– + 5Fe2+ + 8H+ → Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4H2O
___________________________________________________________________________

Procedure –
A. Preparation of 1/40 M, standard solution of ferrous ammonium sulphate (Molar mass of
FeSO4 (NH4) 2 SO4 . 6H2O = 392 g mol–1).
(i) Weigh 0.98 g of ferrous ammonium sulphate and transfer it into a 100 mL measuring
flask through a funnel.
(ii) Transfer the solid sticking to the funnel with the help of distilled water into the flask
and add dilute H2SO4 into the flask drop wise to get the clear solution.
(iii) Shake the flask till the substance dissolves and make the solution up to the mark.
 B. Titration of ferrous ammonium sulphate against potassium permanganate solution
(i) Rinse and fill the clean burette with potassium permanganate solution. Remove air
bubbles if any, from the burette tip by releasing some solution through it.
(ii) Take 10 mL of M/40 ferrous ammonium sulphate solution in a conical flask and add
half test tube (≈ 5 mL) full of (4N) H2SO4 to it.
(iii) Titrate the above solution with potassium permanganate solution till the colour of the
solution changes to permanent pink. Swirl the content of the flask during the titration.
(iv) Repeat the titration, until three concordant readings are obtained.
(v) Record the readings in observation Table and calculate the strength of potassium
permanganate solution in mol/litre

OBSERVATION TABLE – (on plain side)

S.No Initial Reading Final Reading Volume of KMnO4 used

V1(ml) V2 (ml) (V2-V1)ml

1.

2.

3.

Concordant reading = V ml
Calculations: (on the plain side)
A. Calculation of weight of Mohr salt for the preparation of standard solution. Using
Molarity Equation
Molarity = w2 x 1000
M2 x V
1 = w2 x 1000 = 0.98g
40 392 x 100
B. Calculation of Molarity of KMnO4 : (on plain side)
Molarity of Mohr salt solution = M1 =1/40
Molarity of KMnO4 solution = M2 =?
Volume of KMnO4 solution = V2 ml
Volume of Mohr Salt solution = V1 = 10ml
Number of electron lost = n1 = 1
Number of electron gained = n2 = 5

n1M1V1 = n2M2V2
1 x 1 x10 = 5 x M2 x V
40
M2 = ___________ mol/L

Strength of KMnO4 solution = Molarity of KMnO4 x Molar mass of KMnO4

= M2 mol/L x 158 g
= _______ x 158 g/L
= _______ g/L

RESULT:
The strength of the given potassium permanganate solution is _____ g/L.