Proposal for Undertaking Cadastral Survey of each Piece of Land in Tanzania

Rural Area

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1.0: Introduction

Rural lands for the case of this proposal is the all lands set for urban planning, these lands
includes village lands, marine reserve, forest reserve, conservation area and national parks.
Therefore rural cadastral survey is the cadastral survey conducted on the rural land for the
purposes of legal ownerships of that land.

Tanzania, like many developing countries has problems associated with developing rural
lands. Most of rural lands is left undeveloped due to lack of resources, climatic problems or
fertility limitations. Since independence, the government of Tanzania has proclaimed the
development of the rural sector without taking into consideration cadastral legal survey to
each piece of village land. This is the preliminary basis for improved agricultural
performance in rural land, due to a fact that villages has enough lands which can
accommodate reasonable agricultural investments.

Rural land development strategy has proved failure due to lack of smooth road, poor
agricultural performance (low production compared to farmed area coverage) and lack of
essential social services (clean water, electricity, schools and dispensaries).

A matter of fact is that we are in transition from planned economy to market economy as
rural land property is concerned. Rural cadastral survey is necessary in order to recognise
private land ownerships to villagers. Alongside there number of land investors declaring
interests to own massive village land privately. Care must be taken so that villagers will not
found deprived from land ownership or feminine to villagers as cash crops are the main target
to investors, especially foreign investors.

Therefore there are a need for legal power for implementing land equity and distribution.
What is required is suitable social development with regard to efficient use and distribution of
rural land as well as social services for sustainable living environment for villagers.

2.0: Motivations
Rural cadastral survey is type of cadastral survey to facilitate ownership of farms located in
village lands; this survey facilitates private ownership of village lands to villagers or to
investors. Now the country is in winds of implementing international open door policy, by
this policy foreign investors have the right to private ownership of rural land as per country’s
land legislations. If care not taken we will find in future, some village boundaries occupied
by only dormant general lands possessed by few passive investors.

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Therefore care must be taken in aspect of land registration and land legislation while
undertaking rural cadastral survey in each piece of land in Tanzania mainland.

The process of rural cadastral surveys leads to changes of ownership concepts. The shifts will
include the introduction of new land investors and legal acceptance of the existing private
ownership by villagers, both scenarios leads the village lands to land Reform.

2.1.0: Land Reform:

Land reform: It is a reasonably measures for giving effect to a society’s land policy by
means of structural nationalisation or privatisation of land. For example, in many western
European countries, land reform took place in a favour of transforming feudal ownership to
privately owned family farms.

In Eastern Europe land reform took place, in this process the state owned lands are privatised
and nationalised lands are restored to its rightful owners. The main problem in
implementation processes is disagreements in socio-political discussions, official with
inadequate modern skills, technical resources, economic resources and models for
computerised land administration systems.

Complete land reform comes with a change or establishment of new land registration
systems. This process involves the computerisation of land management system in form of
multipurpose cadastre (cadastre: Information system for storing outputs of cadastral
surveys). For case of Tanzania we need to establish a new package of multipurpose cadastre
for rural land ownerships.
2.2.0: History of land reform
In history land reforms are due to socio-economic revolutions. It had had affected most of
countries in the past, starting from Western Europe, central Europe and Eastern Europe.
These reforms were centred by transition from feudal ownership to private land ownerships,
for Western Europe. In case of Russia massive land reform took place in 1917 in a form of
nationalising private land. Later in 1990s land reform direction changed from nationalism to
privately land ownerships and privatization of state owned land.
Sweden
In Sweden, agriculture throughout the history was based on family farms as a unit of
production. This fact is revealed in a book by Ulf Jen, Land Law in Action, The Swedish
Ministry for foreign affairs, Stockholm, Sweden (1997), page 60 states ‘’ as most countries,

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land law in Sweden rests upon old traditions and rules. The oldest land codes were written in
the 13th century. Land in those days was regarded as a family belonging more than an
individual asset and the law aimed to prevent people from trading in land rather than making
it easier”.

In the 15th and 16th centuries under German influences, most of Swedish had ability to read
and write, leading to written forms for selling and mortgaging properties also by this time the
monarchy needed land information for taxation.

In Sweden throughout land reform processes had a well controlled processes for matter of
land allocation, in the 17th century when the feudal system were widely spread, didn’t
involved more than 5-10 percent of the land, according to The Swedish ministry for foreign
affairs, Land law in action, 1997, page 60.

In the 18th century, Sweden fall into modernised industrialization stage, the lands by that time
were controlled by legislation set in 13th century. In order to catch up with new socio-
economic changes. Swedish tried to develop new complete land codes which were later
proposed in 1909.

From 1970s, land reform in Sweden took place in a form of computerization of land
registration, which leads to The land databank System, the LDBS- has subsequently been
gradually implemented district by district and was completed in 1995.

Russia
The massive land reform in Russia took place during revolution period of 1917, based on
Marx and Lenin doctrines under revolutionary force. By then Russia became planned
economy country where by lands were owned by state. In this process land reform took place
by nationalizing land property basing on planned economy.
Later another land reform came in 1991-1992 under leadership of President Gorbachev,
where the social system was switched peacefully from a planned to a market economy. Here
the collective big farms were transformed into family farms. Later in 1993, under leadership
of President B. Yeltsin, new rule and procedures to enhance private ownership took place.

The process of land reform in Russia still in process, but is slowed down by number of
problems including political and constitutional disagreements about the scope of land
privatization, also the infrastructure needed in a market economy, in the form of

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implementing legislation, communal management structures was not yet created. This is
according to The Swedish ministry for foreign affairs, Land law in action, 1997, page 79.

3.0: Problem Statement

The problems behind rural cadastral survey in Tanzania are:
1. Problem for Right of occupancy to villagers
The existing law prohibits the piece of village land to be awarded a right of
occupancy, unless it has been converted into general land and surveyed. But most
investors are granted village land, converts that land into general land, undertake
cadastral survey and finally awarded a Right of occupancy.

This creates imbalances as the market economy is concerned. The Land Act (1999)
Part II 3k (About fundamental principles of land policy), this subsection instructs the
market protection to urban and rural small-holders and pastoralists.

Alongside investors claims about legal procedures needed to convert a village land
into a general land in order to acquire the right of occupancy. But some investors after
having a right of occupancy in a village land, behaves as if there is a need for the
village administrative boundaries adjustment.

There is a need to additional legislative pack in land policy/land regulations to bring

transparency in favour of both investors and villagers according to Part II of Land
Act (1999) subsections 3a, b, c, d, e, j, I, n and k.

2. Malpractice of land projects and administration:

There are exist ethical problems among land professionals also local authorities had
proved failure to the concerns relating to land administration matters. This is
evidenced by urban squatters beyond repair in our cities and some municipalities and
fierce village boundary disputes.
3. Land policy Implementations:
There are some limitations in bureaucratic control and implementation of land policy.

4. Problem of land budgeting:

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 The development conditions set under land regulation 2001(Conditions of right of
occupancy) does not consider the concept of land budget, even village councils used
to allocate land to investors without considerations of future generations. Land
legislation should be set in order to control village council’s allocation authorities,

It should be clear how much rural lands (in percentage) can be granted to investors
both local and foreign investors. The grant must be done gradually depending on how
active the investor is and how villagers benefits from that investment.
5. Improper public awareness and sensitization:
Most of public sensitizations are based on bank loans benefits. These loans are not
enough for improved agricultural performance.

We need new public sensitization and awareness approaches based on compulsory of

land surveyed, and registration.

Agricultural performance can be improved by providing villagers with smooth roads,

irrigation and social services. Possible only when villagers are located in a common
agricultural zone.
6. Lack of Centralized Survey Execution:
Most of the rural surveys are done by different individuals at isolation, and then the
outputs are kept separately with different storage format. We need an authority
responsible to coordinate, supervise and control all survey executed by individuals
prior.
7. Raised Rural land Conflicts:
There exists land conflicts between agriculturists and pastoral village clans; this is due
fact that, these villages were surveyed by choosing quickest non professional rural
cadastral survey methods in order to finish the job at once.
8. Technical and economic resources:
In our country land technical professionals have left without any organised land
projects. Even the economic resources allocated are inadequate. We need to
coordinate and control relevant land professionals then to ask the government for
enough resources.

9. land registration problems:

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 For long period land properties were registered only on paper so it cannot form the
basis for computerised land registration.
10. Lack of National land budget:
To this moment there is no official declaration about the national land budget to each
village as per district. Village councils used to allocate land to investor, steps are
taken to convert the land to a general land. These processes are done without
scientific understanding how much has been allocated, what will be allocated and
what should remain under village custody for future generations.
The Ministry of Lands should do the following:
- Should determine National Land budget, indicating total rural land area coverage as
per its fertility class levels and agricultural suitability as per village.
- Determining how much of rural lands already allocated to Investors as per village.
- Determine the level of existing developments done by investors, as well as the
positive noticeable impact to villagers.
- Develop land legislation (development condition regulation) which includes the
balance of food crop cultivations and cash crops cultivations as per location in a
village.
- Determine how much of lands are regarded as reserved.
- How much of village lands should be used for residential purposes, as per village.

This is important, because most villages in future will be absorbent of expelling urban
populations which can result to worse informal settlements (squatters) in villages.
Zoning village lands, especially those which are closer to urban centres is
undisputable decision (Mkuranga, Kibaha, Bagamoyo and Kisarawe).

3.0: Objectives:
1. To come up with a land budgeting system:
The land budgeting system will be a Unified Spatial database of Tanzania,
This is important in order to find optimal means of for allocating lands for
rural investments, individual farming rural housing and village reserve.
The Land budgeting system is important due to a fact that the area size of our
Country is not expanding in itself but the demand for lands increases due
to population factors and pressure for land investments.

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 2. To recognise Village land ownerships:
The rural land ownerships should be recognised, in this process rural cadastral
survey must be conducted in each village. In this process the village boundaries
will be verified, village reserve determined, shown as well as zoning of residential
and agricultural areas will be necessary.
2. To Develop Computerised Rural Land Records:
The observed coordinates and drawn maps from rural cadastral survey will be
In a Database formats. In future when the cadastre System will be ready it will be
just matter of uploading. The system will unify the all ownership records in Arc
GIS Software.

5.0: Methodologies
5.1.0: Land budgeting system
The land budgeting system will be based on identification land categorisation. The land
categorization described here are: Conservation land, reserved land, national parks,
village lands and urban lands. Most of data related to conservation, reserved and urban
lands already known but are scattered, what is needed is to put some efforts to collect
them from relevant ministries, and perform some field data capture.
The village land data are not known, thus we need to collect these data in terms of
agricultural suitability, location and area size for each village, district by district.

The tasks will be to collect soil classification in order to determine agricultural suitability
levels, specifically for each village lands. The idea is not to determine detailed different
classes within a village, but rather the land in a village will be considered to have one soil
agricultural suitability class

5.2.0: Land Classifications for Budgeting

Village land will be classified into suitable and unsuitable soils for agricultural activities,
three sub classes are proposed for each, in order to describe classes of agricultural
productive power of the villages.

This information will be recorded for each village during cadastral survey project
execution also the attribute data concerning individual ownerships and their related data
will be booked ready to be uploaded into a cadastre system.
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 The productivity classes are:
1. Suitable agricultural classes
- 1st class, which will include land in a village which is
crossed by a river or situated in valley.
- 2nd class, it will include land in a village with no river basin
nearby, but has fertile soil with good climatic conditions.
- 3rd class will be the land in a village with fair fertility and
fair climatic conditions.
2. Unsuitable agricultural classes
- 4th class land in a village with dry fertile soil.
- 5th class land in a village with dry sand soil
- 6th class land in a village with semi desert conditions.
The aim of village land classification is to identify all villages which fall in semi desert
soils and those which fall in fertile soils.

The team to complete these tasks will consist of:

 Soil scientist: to determine optimal number of soil
classes and soil detection.
 Agriculturist: to determine land suitability
 Surveyors: to determine polygon location, preparing
maps and spatial database tied to Arc 1960 datum.
 Land use: To officiate and document the obtained
scientific land categories.
The budget system will show:
 The location of the permanent river networks in Tanzania.
 The location and area size of village lands indicating the lands suitable for
food crops and cash crops cultivations or land unsuitable for agricultural
activities.
 The location and area size of land for urban life
 The amount of rural lands already allocated to investors.

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  The location and size of reserved lands.
 The locations and size of conservation lands.
These data from land budget map will be the basis for broad decision to determine
the total area (in percentage) and locations of lands per each category. Later it will
be used to determine where and how much land can be allocated to investors per
village in a district.

5.3.0: Rural Cadastral Survey

Rural cadastral survey will be conducted by making use of relevant land professionals
from government and from private organisations. The operation will be conducted
starting from verifying the boundaries of villages as per land use category and then farm
subdivision according individual ownerships.

a) Village boundary Verifications:

Most of village boundaries needs boundary verifications and beacons strengthening.
In the process of verifying the village boundaries all surveyed maps will be retrieved
and its output format shall be converted to Arc GIS format.
All villages with recorded surveyed maps will be reported statistically as per district
and those villages with missing surveyed map shall be resurveyed or the map will be
redrawn.
b) Labour force:
The ministry need to start with a pilot study, where rural cadastral survey of about
seven districts located from seven Tanzania zones will conducted, these includes:
Coast zone, Lake zone, Northern zone, West zone, Mid zone, Southern zone,
Agricultural zone (Kilosa). The sensitization and public awareness by be done to
villagers of the selected districts.

Each district as per zone needs a separate teams from licensed private companies and
government organisations. Four teams per each district is recommended, each team
should consist of 5 staff with one set of RTK GPS.

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 Surveyors from ministry of lands will start the project by extending control points
around the district of interest. The datum for control densification should be a new
Arc 1960 (Established by Prof Peter Morgan).

After control extension 21 teams, four teams per district will start staking out of
needed village boundaries, land use zone and finally demarcation and RTK
coordination of individual farms owned by villagers will be done to each farm owned
by a villager. The coordinate of each farm will be recorded together with other non
spatial attribute related to owner (names, size, gender, village and district name, soil
type, preferred crops).

The beacon demarcation of individual farms must be done by cooperating labour

force from villagers, that each villager must monument his/her own piece of farm by
agreement with neighbours.

The obtained coordinates will be used to draw a cadastral survey plan (in Arc GIS
format), showing village boundaries and farm subdivision. The compilation of
cadastral Comp file will be done as per survey regulations with respect to control
extension and point coordination fixation methods.

One village must be comprised of one Comp file, the individual farms will be
considered as subdivisions with a village. The length and width for individual farms
will be measured by using measuring tape/total station.

Cost estimate to cover the cost will depend on which district have been selected,
number of villages in a district and number of individual farm inside a district.
Cost to cover one individual farm must be declared.

5.4.0: Unified Rural Land Cadastre

After field spatial data and attribute data collection as well as plan drawing, the next step will
be data presentation and dissemination. The attribute information and spatial polygons will be
linked to form spatial database. Each village will be given unique official code per district,
that code will be regarded as a primary key when referring individual privately owned farm.

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The spatial database will be generated on GIS environment using Arc GIS software. The
village boundaries will be regarded as a single polygon shapefile, while the individual farms
inside the village will be regarded as inner polygons. Each inner polygon will bear owners
name, village soil class, area size, mobile phone number, owner’s gender, village name,
district name, region name and types of crops preferred (1 to 5 types).

This type of data dissemination will enable map user to retrieve timely any relevant
information related to a village or individual farm (including area size, preferred crops, soil
type, owner’s name, village name etc).

This type of data storage is necessary because it can be easily attached to any spatial database
system in future, it will be matter of timely uploading when the system is complete.

Conclusion
The rural cadastral survey is the primary stage to facilitate villagers with development
assistances, which should include linkable smooth roads, social services, employment
opportunity, food supply and winning over market land economy advantages. If villagers are
not given right of occupancies for the private ownerships of their own lands then, some of the
the market land economy advantages will be missing in future, less compared to their fellow
land investors.

Although most investors needs a quick procedures of converting a village land to be a general
land ready for legal land ownership recognitions. Fact is that most of these land investments
can bear trivial development status. Also, in order to improve the performance of rural
agricultural production with sustainable living environment, we need contribution from active
and intensive private sectors, especially foreign investor equipped with all resources.
But the problem is the implementation of Land Act (1999) via land policy and land
regulations in the processes of appointing big foreign investors as well as in the procedures of
evaluating the development conditions as per right of occupancy requirements.

Even the appointment and development status for local investors are questionable, most of
them are appointed through mutual agreements with village councils without consideration of
scientific land budgets for future generations.

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The emphasis with this write up is to conduct the cadastral survey with fixation methods
according to survey regulations and standards. This approach will make sure that the
surveyed individual farms owned by villagers qualify to Granted Village right of occupancy
when the land regulations as part of land legislative adjustments proposal.

The acceptable methods and technology which can guarantee fast delivery of outputs have
been proposed. For this write up the Real time kinematics instruments and technology are
preferably best.

Meanwhile it provide legal acceptance of private land ownership to foreign investors, local
investors and villagers, so this process leads to another problem apart from field survey
executions. The problem of rural land management come to exist, needed to manage several
private land ownerships with computerised cadastre system.

The problems in rural cadastral survey and its land management are lack of technical support
which includes enough instruments and funds for executing cadastral survey projects to cover
all villages per district, limited skilled capacity to cope with new technology for spatial data
collections, storage and management and lack of computerised land administration system.

There are legal problems also, especially in the development of land legislation for private
ownerships and property registration. The right of occupancy’s development conditions set in
land regulations needs some additions to cope with modern intensive agriculture and market
economy in order to promote land equity and distributions for improved agricultural
performances.

For successive rural land ownership reform modern technology should be emphasised
together with improved land regulations to control different situations of market economy.

Recommendations

1. Need for Village right of occupancy:

There is a need for additional land regulations and land policies
that can bring balances in scope of private rural land ownership
advantages. It should favour both new investors as well as
Villagers according to Land Act (1999) Part II subsections 3a,
c, d, e, j, I, n and k.

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 The suggested land policies /land regulations should come with
Legislative packs that declare a type of Granted village right of
Occupancy awarded upon permission from Administration
hierarch as per subsections in Land Act (1999) Part IV. Needs
for converting a village lands to general lands be done in order
to win certain administrative advantages.

The certificate should bear all necessary market economy

advantages whether international or national. That means it
should bear the same legal powers and conditions as granted
urban right of occupancy. By doing this the village
administrative boundaries will be secured and village
authorities will be honoured and be active in favour of citizens.

Therefore decision makers should ensure that the parliamentary

interests under subsections 3c,d, k, i and L Part II of The Land
Act ACT No4 of 1999 are honoured and fulfilled for the
national interests.

2. Need for Intensive agriculture Investments in rural lands:

The concept of intensive agriculture should be included in the land
regulations, 2001 (conditions of right of occupancy) 7(a & b) as a
basis for big and active rural land investment. This will strengthen
the concept of land budget and avoid larger rural lands allocated to
investor to stay dormant.
3. Right of occupancy to villagers:
There is a need for villagers to be awarded right of occupancy for
protection and survival in future market economy. So a precise
rural cadastral survey must be done with all necessary compilations
according to survey regulations.
4. Land budget concept:
There is a need to include the concept of land budget in the land
regulations, 2001 (conditions of right of occupancy) 7, 8 and 9.
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 It should be known how much of lands in total, each village can
award to investors (local and foreign) in all time. Then the
maximum area of land to be allocated for a single intensive
agricultural investment should be known. This is the one of the
approach which can promote land equity and distribution in rural
lands.
5. Sensitization and awareness of village councils:
Village councils and Villagers should be sensitized about market
economy in rural land, land legislation to promote intensive
agricultural investments, land equity and distribution.
6. Power of village to allocate land:
New Land policy should control village council in the process of
awarding village lands to investors, without abusing new
development conditions in the light of the obtained land budget
data of that village. Most cases village councils allocate land
without scientific facts about land budget for the future and
activeness in intensive agricultural investments.

7. Need for nano tech computer server:

It is time now for ministry of lands to possess a massive storage
computer server based on nano technology. The budget for this
should be included in 2013/2014 financial year. The server will
save as a centralised mass storage for several ministries with land
related information e.g Natural resources, Tamisemi, Agriculture
and finance.
This will enable the ministry later to develop information
processing centre possibly connected to mobile phones.

8. Need for capacity building:

There is a need for the enough budget funds for capacity building
(short courses), in the fields related to technical implementation of
projects especially in the complicated new technological fields:
including spatial data collection (space/ground), computerized
digital mapping, and spatial database management.
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9. Improving Land policy and implementations of the existing:
The land policy (1997) does not reflect current standing. Now its
about 16 years has past. a lot of technological changes in lands
projects and administration had took place. Changes in land policy
is necessary in order to cope with pressure of demands and modern
computerisation of land matters. Changes in land policy
subsections must include:
 Subsection 5.1 Surveys:
Need to corporate the licensed private firms and
authorised government surveyors under centralisation
approach, should be appreciated. There is a need for the
government to seek enough funds for cadastral surveys
and land projects executions (in both urban and rural),
this because the executions needs lot of materials,
instruments, transport, causal labours and skilled
labour.
 Subsection 5.2 Rural cadastral surveys:
In the current land policy subsection 5.2 Village
demarcations. This subsection does not reflect the
demands for unique precise survey in the light of
computerised land registrations.

Fact is that a computerisation of legal ownerships needs

a precise coordinates of lands tied to a unique
coordinate system all over the country.

For this case the policy statement should recognise

among other precise instrument RTK technology,
which can collect spatial data in few seconds with level
of accuracy enough for computerised legal land
ownerships.

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 Policy statement should insist the obedient to cadastral
survey regulations and standards, while advising the use
of modern technology to save time. .

 Subsection 5.3 Un-surveyed village settlements:

Population trend, try to concentrate into some village
- Due to expelling urban population (Pwani rural
land is highly threatened)
- Due to some socio-economic advantages.

This will lead to village squatters in future, so there is a

need for undertaking cadastral surveys on rural area
zoned for residential purposes.

 Subsection 5.4 concentrated urban squatter:

In recent years there are increasing informal settlements
in several urban centre which includes Geita, Mbeya
and Dar es salaam. Now the current land policy should
reflect the idea on how these squatter can be stopped
and up rooted. Some standing should be set a sign
denying constructions in areas not surveyed, most of
this areas mismatches completely with Tp drawing of
that area.

Therefore policy statement should be set denying any

acceptance of irregular housing constructions.
Meanwhile the ministry should subdivide the squatters
in two blocks of specified dimensions, this should be
done on digital map.

The interested housing investors can be invited to

negotiate with squatter owners in a specific block in
order to agree upon resettlement terms and further fair

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 compensations. The compensations can be in any form
not necessarily cash, but rather in form of a suitable
apartment.

 Subsection 5.5 Resettlement scheme:

Most of Tanzanian living in urban centres, beside
having an a average income they are living in rented
squatter building equipped with poor housing qualities.
The ministry of land should not keep quite on this while
the situations worsen.

The policy statement should set standards for

commercial houses ready for renting.

The policy statement should set development conditions

needed on a acquired block of squatters.

The new constructed building must be vertical with

enough parking spaces. Also the renting charges should
be controlled by the ministry in order for most of
Tanzanians to be capable of, several apartment sizes are
recommended with proportional renting fees.

 Subsection 4.2.7 land utilization:

Policy statement for utilization of land should balance
the concept of village land budget and intensive land
investments, equity and distributions. It should
highlight the concept of intensive land investment as
the indicator of active and big investment.

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 Subsection 4.2.29 Alternative land compensation:
In subsection 4.2.19, the policy specifies the
professional land compensation. Lack of fund for
compensation prohibits the land acquisition. This leads
most of privately owned land to be squatter. So the a
need for additional alternative land compensation,
where land owner will be returned with a surveyed
plot(s) with less area size. Area size will be reduced to
proportionally to accommodate social services and
public buildings.

 Subsection 8.1.0 Institutional Framework

This land policy subsection addresses the Malpractice
in land administration, this includes cadastral surveys:

There are exist malpractice in cadastral survey works

which does not help the ministry to stop informal
settlements. Instead squatter continue to expand rapidly
beside execution of small non ethical survey piece jobs.

In The Land policy in subsection 8.1.0, it admits the

malpractice in land administration. The policy
statement of subsection 8.1.1 provides the immediate
ministerial action to combat the land malpractice.

The policy statement: ‘’ In order to reduce conflicts and

malpractice in land administration, the minister
responsible for lands shall be the sole authority
responsible for land matters. Where delegation of
authority is required there shall be a clear and
hierarchical system of accountability’’.

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 The Land Act (Act No4 of 1999), PART IV subsection
8, specify presidential delegations of land matters to the
minister of lands, housing and human settlement
developments. Subsection 8a, b, c and d instruct how
the minister should discharge all the presidential
functions allocated or delegated to.

The need for the ministry to survey each piece of land

(rural and urban lands) will be hindered by malpractice
in survey, town planning and administration (local
authority.

Therefore the minister responsible for lands shall enact

Tanzania Land Authority as part of implementing
subsection 8.1.1 policy statements and to exercise the
presidential power delegated by law.

The authority will be responsible to centralise all

Work force related to land matters. This includes
professional from private sector and government
organisations.

The authority under the ministry shall be the policy

watcher and maker. It will monitor the policy
implementations, project quality control and coordinate
land projects executions.

 Subsection 8.2.0 Implementation:

The implementation of Land policy subsections 8.0,
8.1.1 and 8.2 should be in a form of government official
letter (Waraka wa serikali).
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 The letter should inform all local authority executive
directors the decision of the ministry of Lands under
provisions of PART IV OF LAND ACT 1999 PART
IV, 8a,b,c&d and policy statement of Tanzania Land
Policy subsections 8.0- 8.2. That, The ministry of lands
has decided to enact the Authoritative organ to
coordinate all land projects execution in Tanzania
mainland except Dodoma municipal.

The letter will specify compulsory administrative

corporations needed from council’s main decisive
organ, these are Central management team and Full
council.
Among others should include
- To follow all official procedures necessary for
accepting land development projects for public
benefits.
- To corporate with professional teams from the
ministry, in the process of sensitization and public
awareness.
- Accept and allow executions of land projects inside
respective council’s administrative boundaries at
any time under official introduction from ministry
of land.
- The letter shall inform the directors about the
objectives for centralising all land workforces and
need for unique computerised land registrations.

References
3. Ministry of lands, housing and human settlements development,
National land policy, 1997, Dar es salaam, Tanzania.

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4. The Swedish ministry for foreign affairs, Royal Institute of
Technology, Land Law in Action, 1997, Stockholm, Sweden.
5. Prof G. Mgongo Fimbo, The Land Act 1999, University of Dar es
salaam, Dar es salaam, Tanzania.
6. Ministry of lands, housing and human settlements development,
Land Regulations, 2001, Dar es salaam, Tanzania.

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