Candle Tree High School Grade 11

Academic Year 2021-2022 English

Even Semester Day, date

Class: XI Social Science

Name:
1. Brigitta Pusparini
2. Jennifer Tesalonika Erick
3. Yoan Giraldo
NEWS ITEM EXERCISE
General Instruction
Please read the texts carefully. After that, analyze them. The questions can be used as guidance.
Please answer in full sentences. In addition, pay attention to the spelling, capitalization, and
punctuation.

Text B
BNPB Steps up Focus on Climate Crisis
By A. Muh. Ibnu Aqil

Jakarta/Wed, April 21 2021 – The government will include climate crisis adaptation in every effort to
mitigate disasters across the country as the archipelago is projected to see an increase in the number
of climate-related natural disasters in the coming years.

National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) Prevention Division Deputy Head Lilik Kurniawan said
authorities were looking more into the effect of the climate crisis on natural disasters, especially
following a series of disasters in East Nusa Tenggara presumably caused by Tropical Cyclone Seroja.

The Meteorological, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) recorded Seroja as the strongest
tropical cyclone Indonesia had seen since 2008. Agency Head Dwikorita Karnawati said the cyclone
was an “unusual” occurrence because its center reached land even as it first appeared, probably
caused by the average sea temperature increase.

The cyclone also hit East Nusa Tenggara and neighboring West Nusa Tenggara, regions rarely affected
by cyclones in past years. Seroja is believed to have triggered widespread flooding and landslides in
East Nusa Tenggara and West Nusa Tenggara. Nearly 200 lost their lives during the disasters, which
also displaced thousands of local residents.

“Climate change has become an emerging threat in disaster mitigation,” Lilik said in a recent
discussion.

Although he did not reveal any details on how the agency would include climate adaptation measures
in disaster mitigation, Lilik said the BNPB would work with the Environment and Forestry Ministry,
which has a directorate dedicated to adaptation efforts.

Such measures were also in line with the Yogyakarta Declaration on Disaster Risk Reduction in Asia
and the Pacific. The declaration was made at the 2012 Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk
Reduction (AMCDRR). During the conference, 55 Asia Pacific countries recognized a necessity to
include disaster risk mitigation and climate change adaptation in national development.

“Disaster mitigation is already a form of climate change adaptation. However, if we previously only
took into consideration the historical trend of disasters, we also calculate future conditions pertaining
to the climate, such as greenhouse gas emissions,” Environment and Forestry Ministry Climate Change
Adaptation Director Sri Tantri Arundhati told The Jakarta Post on Friday.

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Academic Year 2021-2022 English
Even Semester Day, date

Lilik acknowledged that 95 percent of hydro meteorological disasters occurring in the country were
related to the climate. The worsening climate crisis had made the disasters more intense and frequent
over the years.

The BNPB recorded a rise in the number of hydro meteorological disasters from 2015 to 2020, which
were also the six hottest years on record according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
The country saw around 1,664 disasters in 2015, but the figure rose to 3,800 in 2019.

Based on the climate risk assessment carried out by the ministry, the BNPB will update the risk factors
of each village and subdistrict in the country.

An earlier assessment revealed that more than 53,000 villages and subdistricts across the archipelago
were located in disaster prone areas, putting the lives of 51 million people at risk.

The updated risk assessment will be compiled and made available on online and mobile applications
issued by the disaster agency. This will be a part of efforts to communicate the disaster and climate
risk to the people.

Lilik said the BNPB would also engage local civil society groups that have a strong presence in the
community and understanding of local wisdom to participate in mitigating disasters in the area,
including those related to the climate.

Tantri said climate change adaptation efforts might vary by location due to their respective conditions.
A 2018 environment and forestry ministerial regulation mandates authorities to conduct further
studies on a region’s risk and vulnerability to the impact of climate changes before making any
decisions on potential intervention.

Despite the importance, the government had been allocating limited funding to such studies,
hindering them from conducting the studies and working on adaptation efforts in all high-risk areas,
Tantri said. Pilot projects in several regions, such as Southeast Sulawesi, Maluku and East Nusa
Tenggara, were done under the support of international sponsors.

Ninil Jannah of the National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (Planas PRB) urged the government
to work on climate adaptation as soon as possible as the climate crisis had affected the archipelago.

She added that the BNPB and the ministry had yet to properly align their points of view on disaster
mitigation and climate adaptation. While the disaster agency still relied on the historical record of past
disasters, the ministry heavily relied on projections of future climate conditions.

The current approach to disaster mitigation and climate crisis adaptation had also yet to take root in
local wisdom and traditions, while communities were still unequipped to face the worsening crisis,
she said.

“We still tend to use a top-down approach to disaster mitigation and climate adaptation,” Ninil said.

Environmentalists have criticized the government for not being ambitious enough in mitigating the
climate crisis.

While every country signing the Paris Climate Agreement in 2015 is required to update their climate
pledge every five years, Indonesia has decided to keep its previous climate pledge of a 29 percent

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Candle Tree High School Grade 11
Academic Year 2021-2022 English
Even Semester Day, date

reduction in greenhouse gas emissions independently, or 41 percent with international assistance, by

2030.

The government also recently communicated a plan to adopt a net-zero emissions target by 2070.
However, recent studies suggest that countries will need to reach a net-zero target for all greenhouse
gases emissions by 2068 at the latest in order to limit the warming below 1.5 degrees Celsius.

(https://www.thejakartapost.com/paper/2021/04/20/bnpb-steps-up-focus-on-climate-crisis.html)

Guiding questions:

1. What is the communicative/social purpose/function of the text?

 The communicative purpose of the text is to inform readers about what act that the
government, National Disaster Mitigation Agency and others agency do due to the
climate crisis adaptation in every effort to mitigate disasters across the country.

2. Generic structure or organization of the text analysis:

a. What is the newsworthy event?
 The newsworthy event is disasters in East Nusa Tenggara presumably caused by
Tropical Cyclone Seroja and about climate change has become an emerging threat in
disaster mitigation.

b. Elaboration of event, find details of information in regards to

Who – Par 1 : The government will include climate crisis adaptation.
Par 2 : Lilik Kurniawan : National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) Prevention
Division Deputy Head.
Par 8 : Sri Tantri Arundhati : Environment and Forestry Ministry Climate Change
Adaptation Director
Par 17 : Ninil Jannah of the National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction.
Par 6 : The BNPB recorded a rise in the number of hydro meteorological disasters
from 2015 to 2020.
The updated risk assessment will be compiled and made available on online and
mobile applications issued by the disaster agency.

What – Especially following a series of disasters in East Nusa Tenggara presumably caused
by Tropical Cyclone Seroja.
Climate change has become an emerging threat in disaster mitigation.
The worsening climate crisis had made the disasters more intense and frequent
over the years.

When – The Meteorological, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) recorded Seroja
as the strongest tropical cyclone Indonesia had seen since 2008.
The declaration was made at the 2012 Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster
Risk Reduction (AMCDRR)
While every country signing the Paris Climate Agreement in 2015.

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Candle Tree High School Grade 11
Academic Year 2021-2022 English
Even Semester Day, date

Where – The declaration was made at the 2012 Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster
Risk Reduction (AMCDRR).

How – “Disaster mitigation is already a form of climate change adaptation. However, if

we previously only took into consideration the historical trend of disasters, we
also calculate future conditions pertaining to the climate, such as greenhouse
gas emissions.”

Why – Agency Head Dwikorita Karnawati said the cyclone was an “unusual” occurrence
because its center reached land even as it first appeared, probably caused by
the average sea temperature increase
Agency Head Dwikorita Karnawati said the cyclone was an “unusual” occurrence
because its center reached land even as it first appeared, probably caused by
the average sea temperature increase.

c. What do you know about the source of the information (who) and their ‘category’ (authority,
expert, or witness)?
 Authority :
1) The Meteorological, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) recorded
Seroja as the strongest tropical cyclone Indonesia had seen since 2008.
2) The National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) recorded a rise in the
number of hydro meteorological disasters from 2015 to 2020, which were
also the six hottest years on record according to the World Meteorological
Organization (WMO).
 Expert :

1) Ninil Jannah of the National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (Planas
PRB) urged the government to work on climate adaptation as soon as possible
as the climate crisis had affected the archipelago.

 Witness :
1) National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) Prevention Division Deputy
Head Lilik Kurniawan said the BNPB would also engage local civil society
groups that have a strong presence in the community and understanding of
local wisdom to participate in mitigating disasters in the area, including those
related to the climate.
2) Environment and Forestry Ministry Climate Change Adaptation Director Sri
Tantri Arundhati said climate change adaptation efforts might vary by
location due to their respective conditions.

3. Analysis on the language feature; please find and re-write examples of sentence from the text
which meet these criteria:
d. A sentence in Simple Past Tense using ‘Be’ (was, were)
 Paragraph 7 line 1 Such measures were also in line with the Yogyakarta Declaration
on Disaster Risk Reduction in Asia and the Pacific.
 Paragraph 3 lincan\e 8: Agency Head Dwikorita Karnawati said the cyclone was an
“unusual” occurrence because its center reached land even as it first appeared,
probably caused by the average sea temperature increase.

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Candle Tree High School Grade 11
Academic Year 2021-2022 English
Even Semester Day, date

e. A sentence in Simple Past Tense using ‘Action Verb’ (pake ed, sam bentuk ke2)
 Paragraph 3 line 1: The Meteorological, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG)
recorded Seroja as the strongest tropical cyclone Indonesia had seen since 2008.
 Paragraph 19 line 1: She added that the BNPB and the ministry had yet to properly
align their points of view on disaster mitigation and climate adaptation.

f. A sentence in other type of tenses (is, am, are, have+ed, can, may, will, should, pake verb 1)
 Paragraph 1 line 1: The government will include climate crisis adaptation in every
effort to mitigate disasters across the country as the archipelago is projected to see
an increase in the number of climate-related natural disasters in the coming years.
 The updated risk assessment will be compiled and made available on online and
mobile applications issued by the disaster agency.

g. A sentence which uses a relative pronoun (that, which, who, whom)

 Paragraph 6 line 1: Although he did not reveal any details on how the agency would
include climate adaptation measures in disaster mitigation, Lilik said the BNPB would
work with the Environment and Forestry Ministry, which has a directorate dedicated
to adaptation efforts.

h. Two sentences that are in Passive Voice (was, were +ed)

 Paragraph 7 line 2 The declaration was made at the 2012 Asian Ministerial Conference
on Disaster Risk Reduction (AMCDRR).
 Paragraph 12 line 2 : An earlier assessment revealed that more than 53,000 villages
and subdistricts across the archipelago were located in disaster prone areas, putting
the lives of 51 million people at risk.

i. A sentence which is in ‘Direct Speech’

 Paragraph 5 line 1: “Climate change has become an emerging threat in disaster
mitigation,” Lilik said in a recent discussion.
 Paragraph 20 line 1: “We still tend to use a top-down approach to disaster mitigation
and climate adaptation,” Ninil said.

j. A sentence in ‘Indirect/Reported Speech’ (said that, show that, indicates that)

 Paragraph 23 line 2: However, recent studies suggest that countries will need to reach
a net-zero target for all greenhouse gases emissions by 2068 at the latest in order to
limit the warming below 1.5 degrees Celsius.