PHILOSOPHY OF LAW & ITS

APPLICATION
A collaborative learning project

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

Class schedule

• Friday, 14:30 - 17:00 WIB

• Online
• Class Liaison 1: Azhara Febrianti
• Class Liaison 2 : Hary Bagus Saman

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Lecturer’s Availability
• Cell phone / WA: +62 0817-806-293
• Email address: mariana@president.ac.id

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Class activity

• Class divided into 6-7 groups @ 5-6 members

• Each group 2 class presentations in 1 semester
• Each group 1 UTS + 1 UAS presentation in Philosophy of Law & Its
Application Symposium
• 2 guest lectures (Constitutional Court Judge; Supreme Court Judge;
Customs & Excise Official)
Learning plan

Week No Topic
1 Philosophy of Law - Introduction
2 Historical Development of Legal Philosophy – Overview: Group 1
3 Application of Legal Philosophy in Various Areas of the Science of Law Group 2
4 Various Schools of Thought: Natural Law Group 3
5 Positivism Group 4
6 Utilitarianism Group 5
7 Historical Jurisprudence Group 6
8 Mid-term Test: Research Proposal Symposium 1 (Groups 1-6)
9 Sociological Jurisprudence Group 1
10 Pragmatic Legal Realism Group 2
11 Contemporary Applications of the Philosophy of Law: Economic Approach to Law Group 3
12 Critical Legal Studies Group 4
13 Law as Tool of Social Reform and Development Group 5
14 The Problem of Justice Group 6
15 Ethics and Code of Ethics of the Legal Profession Guest Lecturer
16 Final Semester Exam: Research Proposal Symposium 2 (Groups 1-6)
Contents, form and format of group
presentation
• Contents:
• General context and historical background
• Main issues & leading figures
• Schools of thought, definitions, concepts
• Application of philosophy of law
• Form:
• Slide presentation
• Timing: 30 minutes of presentation + 60 minutes discussion – Q&A; 60
minutes additional lecture.
• Format:
• .ppt slides
• Submission by each group member after presentation on e-Campus
• Language: English
• Referencing & citations mandatory (Chicago Turabian Style)
 Attendance : 20%

Class / group activity

participation : 25%
Grading
Mid-term project: 25%

End-of term project: 30%

Class liaisons & Group Leaders

• Class Liaison 1: Azhara Febriyanti

• Class Liaison 2: Harry Bagus Saman
• Groups: Leader: Deputy Leader: Members:
1. Group 1 Azraf Febri
2. Group 2 Devina Larasati
3. Group 3 Febriana Eleny
4. Group 4 Imam Ryan
5. Group 5 Abel Yuki
6. Group 6 Rona Farandy
Groups
No. Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6
1 Andi Azraf Devina Febriana Imam Abel Rona

2 Febri Larasati (Lala) Eleny Ryan Yuki Farandy

3 Aafiyah Rachel Wiklave Tiara Tabita Azhara

4 Arfan Monika Eklesia Hafizhan Michael Zia
5 Fernando Regita Emilia Hugo Yuwanda Febrica
6 Maheswari Caroline Ahla Harry Giwangga Estevania
7 Komang Syifa Grace Yosua Firda Frisca
8 Theresia Juan Zhillan Naufal Fadhil Alif
Egi
What is philosophy?
• Logical, methodological, critical, intuitive and
reflective thinking about the essential nature of
things around us
• Philosophy begins with a question, and ends with a
question … (Prof. Dr. Widodo Dwi Putro)
 • Encourage philosophical reflection about law
• Offer insight into the philosophical aspects of law as it
Course is written, implemented and enforced in practice
objectives • Engage in discussion / raise critical questions about
the law and the achievement of its purposes in the
contemporary context
• Applicability of the philosophy of law in legal studies,
law development, law enforcement and the legal
profession.

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Application of the
philosophy of law in
various areas of the
science of law

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 Law as a branch of science
Jurisprudence: consists of:
Legal Science
1. sciences of law;
2. politics of law; and
3. philosophy of law

(Purnadi Purbacaraka & Soerjono Soekanto, see in

Rasjidi, 2004, p.35)

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 1. Sciences of Law
• theory of law
• sociology of law
• anthropology of law
• comparative law
• history of law; and
• psychology of law

Rasjidi, 2004, p.35

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 Theory of law
 Theory of Law: the science of examining the basic principles and
system of law. (Mochtar Kusumaatmadja)
 General study of law, systemic or dogmatic legal science (E.
Utrecht)
 General & technical study of law to understand basic legal
concepts, e.g. legal subject, legal acts, legal object, legal event,
legal entities, etc.

(Rasjidi, 2004, p. 11)

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 Sociology of law
 A branch of sociology which studies law as a social
phenomenon.
 Areas covered by the sociology of law:
1. law and society;
2. comparative approach to legal systems
3. dualistic nature of law
4. law and power
5. law and social-cultural values
6. legal certainty and justice, and
7. the role of law as a tool for social reform

Soerjono Soekanto, Pengantar Sosiologi Hukum, 1973, see in Rasjidi, 2004,

p.37)

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 Sociology of law v. sociological jurisprudence
• Sociological jurisprudence: school of thought which holds that
good law is law which corresponds to the law living in society
(see Roscoe Pound)
• Sociology of law: society v. law
• Sociological jurisprudence: law v. society

(Rasjidi, 2004, p.38)

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 Comparative law
• Examines similarities and differences between legal systems
• Seeks to identify universally applicable legal concepts and how
they are applied in their unique environment

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 History of law
• Studies the origin and development of law in the historical
context (Historische Rechtsschule, Friedrich von Savigny)
• Studies:
• factors in the development of legal institutions
• adaptation process
• changes in their functions
• looking for general development patterns of legal institutions
(Satjipto Rahardjo, 1982:316, see in Rasjidi, 2004, p.39)

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 Anthropology of law
• Studies law as a reflection of values which live in society

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 Psychology of law
• Studies law as a materialization of the development of the
human spirit.
• Areas under study:
• fundamental of psychology and the function of violations against legal
norms
• fundamental principles of psychology and the function of the settlement
of violations of legal norms
• consequences and patterns for the settlement patterns of certain
disputes (Soerjono Soekanto, 1979: 11, see in Rasjidi, 2004, p.41)

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2. Philosophy of law
“The function of studying philosophy of law in the final semester
is to place law in the appropriate place and perspective as part of
human endeavors to make this world a better place to live in. The
objective is to offer counterbalance to the narrow specialization
which begins in the 4th year of legal studies at university.”

(Mochtar Kusumaatmadja (1975: 9, see in Rasjidi, 2004,

p.43)[unofficial translation from Indonesian language]

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 Philosophy of law / jurisprudence
• Jurisprudence: the wisdom of law
• Jurisprudence: the eye of the law (Chand, 1994, p.14)

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 Jurisprudence
 enables us to deal with a new situation which demands
experimentation
 is distilled from the wisdom of philosophers, lawyers, historians,
economists
 helps in the interpretation and application of laws
 helps solve modern complex and multi-faceted legal problems
 helps judges, lawyers, legislators, administrators
 Judges are now more perceptive to the findings of social
scientists
 helps when existing techniques fail
 helps understanding, development and success of legal systems

Chand, 1994, p.14.15

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 Jurisprudence
• Study of behavior of man under various legal regimes
• Object of study by a jurist is the rule-governed action of man
• The laws of a society embody the norms of the society distilled
from the practical life of the people
• Studying jurisprudence is not for its usefulness, but for its
ultimate value
• Socrates held knowledge as ultimate value – jurisprudence
should be held as ultimate value
Chand, 2004, p.15

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 Selected reading materials:
 Otje Salman, Filsafat Hukum (Perkembangan dan Dinamika
Masalah), Aditya Bakti, Bandung, 2009.
 Lili Rasjidi, Ira Thania Rasjidi, Dasar-dasar Filsafat dan Teori
Hukum. Cetakan ke-9. Jakarta: PT. Citra Aditya Bakti, 2004.
 Satjipto Rahardjo, Penegakan Hukum Progresif. Jakarta: Kompas,
2010.
 Soetandyo Wignjosoebroto, Jakarta: ELSAM & HUMA, 2002.
 Shidarta, Karakteristik Penalaran Hukum dalam Konteks
Keindonesiaan. Bandung: CV. Utomo, 2006.
 Widodo Dwi Putro, Kritik Terhadap Paradigma Positivisme
Hukum. Yogyakart:: Genta Publishing, 2011.

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 Selected reading materials (cont’d)
• Yogi Sumakto, Kajian Kritis Terhadap Konstruktivisme Hukum dalam
Perkembangan Teori Murni Hukum Hans Kelsen dan Pancasila Qua
Grundnorm dalam Struktur Hierarkis Norm-norma Sistem Hukum
Indonesia. Disertasi. Program Doktor Ilmu Hukum, Fakultas Hukum
Universitas Indonesia, 2013.
• Paul Scholten, Struktur Ilmu Hukum. Bandung: PT Alumni, 2005.
• Mochtar Kusumaatmadja, Pengantar Ilmu Hukum, Bukut I. Bandung: PT
Alumni, 2009.
• Hari Chand, Modern Jurisprudence. Kuala Lumpur: International Law Book
Services, 1994.
• Edgar Bodenheimer, Jurisprudence - The Philosophy & Method of the Law.
Revised Edition, Second printing. Cambridge, Massachusetts: HARVARD
UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1976.
• Roscoe Pound, An Introduction to the Philosophy of Law. New Haven and
London: YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1982.
• Apeldoorn, L.J. Van, Pengantar Ilmu Hukum, terjemahan Mr. Oetarid
Sadino. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita, 1976.
• Ronald Dworkin, Law’s Empire. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard
University Press, 1986.

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 Additional reading materials:
• M.D.A. Freeman, Lloyd’s Introduction to Jurisprudence, Seventh
Edition, London: SWEET & MAXWELL LTD, 2001.
• Risalah Sidang Badan Penyelidik Usaha-usaha Persiapan
Kemerdekaan Indonesia (BPUPKI) Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan
Indonesia (PPKI), 29 Mei 1945 – 22 Agustus 1945, Tim Penyunting
Saafroedin Bahar, Nannie Hudawati. Jakarta: Sekretariat Negara
Republik Indonesia, 1998.

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