Name: _____________________________ Grade & Section: 12 Score: ____________

School: ____________________________ Teacher: _______________________Subject: Gen. Bio 2

LAS Writers: Milanie M. Pauya
Evaluators: Emma T. Surita, Michael Dave M. Nalagon, Christine Joy G. Sua, Retchie Joy B. Pisana
and Murdy F. Bautista
Lesson Topic: Processed Involved in Genetic Engineering Quarter 3, Week 1, LAS 1
Learning Targets: Outline the process involved in genetic Engineering.
Reference(s): Tecson- Mendoza EM (Ed.) 2014, Understanding Biotechnology. Second Edition,
National Academy of Science and Technology- Philippines Science Heritage Foundation
Incorporated, Manila Philippines pp.17-38.
Processed Involved in Genetic Engineering
Genetic Engineering is the process of making changes on the genetic code of an organism using
recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology to alter the genetic make up of an organism. Genetic engineering involves
the direct manipulation of one or more genes. Most often a gene from another species is added to an organism
genome to give it desired phenotype.

Basic Steps of Genetic Engineering:

1. The isolation of DNA fragments from a donor organism.
To Isolate a specific gene, one often begins by constructing a DNA library – a comprehensive collections
of cloned DNA fragments from a cell , tissue, or organism. A virus or plasmid used in this way is known as
a cloning vector, and the DNA propagated by insertion into it is said to have been cloned.

Example: The nucleus and the cell are broken open, thus releasing of DNA

2. The insertion of isolated donor DNA fragments into Vector genome.

In a typical DNA cloning procedure, the genes or other DNA fragment of interest is first inserted into a
circular piece of DNA called a plasmid. As they reproduce, they replicate the plasmid and pass it on to their
offspring, making copies of the DNA it contain.

Example: The human insulin is inserted into vector.

3. The growth of recombinant vector in an appropriate host.

The ligated recombinant DNA enters bacterial cell by transformation. After it is in the host cell, the
plasmid vector is able to replicate because plasmids normally have a replication origin.

Example: DNA cloning

Activity:
A. Identify the basic Step of Genetic engineering applied to each situation. Write the letter of your answer
on the space provided.
a. The Isolation of DNA fragments from donor organisms.
b. The insertion of Isolated donor DNA fragments into Vector genome.
c. The growth of recombinant vector in an appropriate host.
1. DNA introduce into bacterial cells. ___________________
2. DNA ligase added seals overhang. ____________________
3. Recombinant DNA molecules replicate and cell divide. _________
4. Shoot and roots regeneration. ____________
5. Cells are treated with polyethylene glycol to create random recombination. _______
6. Extraction of gene of interest from the donor organisms. ___________
7. The human Insulin genes is inserted into vector. ___________
8. The recombinant plasmid is introduced into bacterial cell.
9. Human insulin is isolated from human DNA. _________
10. Cloning of DNA or genes. ________

B. Explain each question briefly. Write your answer at the back portion of the paper.
1. What is the importance of DNA cloning?
2. Is cloning morally right? Why or Why not?