# _Chaxpit lc Method t= ® (General mothed of dolving PDE of ord#7 one buf of any cegnree. ) Consider a first ordur non- hineot PDE FING 2, 4) 20 ---O A family of poe 49,2, 14,4) 20 ---@) 15 fate 1 be one poxramefer family of Poe, compirble with O if @ is compatible with O for eath value of of an 2» [ft fJzo 2 2D yy athe 4 9H) 44 athe) - 9(%p) a(zb) a 4,4) 3(Z.4) >| |e] Tt f + & fe [ edb he BL Ty ty Fo z 44, 7 fete taly th fete fp) +H t9h 44 (tat teby Joo 2 - dp dy -fay -(bfp +444) 9, + (te thf.) 9, + (4y +442) fy =0 heh =| wm Orda PDE for 4 M9 Quasi lineay of Tet with ty 2, Pod as independent yeruable.its Aolufim 4 given an ae tp = dy . dz = dP — - = 1 ——| ty pt fy, (txt hfe) -(tyt Ute) this is Known a Chaxpitts auxiliary equedton- (Reke]. chanpit!s method conist in choosing. a one partametan family of poe fo which 1% huch that eath member of thefomily is compatible with the piven &n @. Example /— Solve? pr+qgy=po ——@O Solufton: Let $0%4,2,b,9.) = be +9y bg 20 then Fe=hy #29, 20, t= 9, he yep. Now chaxpit's quxiliaxy equations ane 3 de, dy. de? _ = =-db dy 4p fy, ptp tty, frtbte tyt dfe a = te dy dz eI -dP. -44 -@ ry YR beG)EYCYe) ~—P ¢ from (@, we have -db_-dy d b 4Q @ > db, & bY on integration we have [0g b = log-g ploga, a pray ----@ putting value of P in M, we have aX, tgy = 444 2 (axay)-G= ay 2 (auty) 244 therefore , we get Now, dz = pdx+4dy 2 des (arty)dut WY. dy a =) ade = (ax+y) (adx+dy) on integrating, we get az = Carty)” 4 4! a faz = Carty)*s as! arty) +b which Is required Solution, known as "Complete Totegral: dz= pdr +4 dy Sdz= 2% (2-0Y) gy 4 ady Ya =) dz-ady = ax(z-ay) ay xr-a 2 de-ady_ . 2k ay Z-ay roa On Integrating, we get lod (z-ay) = log(x%a) + logh or, Z-ay = b(xt-a) where a & b ane axbitrary constant: Hena, eqn @ ik the complelegntegral dor ppe Q.Singular Integral ‘ Differentiating eqn@® partally wrb afb, we yb Now Aubstituting the valuet of 946, given by above in ©, we gut ze xy tyr x?) which is the required Aingulant Aotepred “Ditfenentiahing 9D wrt p and Y vespectively , we get ~xt_ . o-~7% 0+920 —___ ai) £ 0-0 -2xy +Pz0 — —- 4¢iy From 3i) £ 4Ci), we have. gax* & prary. bsing above volves of P4q. in ©, we get OZ — ry. xr aetry + exyxrtog >which is required Arngulon Sotqgref. General Integral $ Replacing b by 4(a) In en @, we et Z=ay + dla) (xt-a) ---- @ Differentiating eqn@ wrt 'a' we get Ory + (a). (xa) - (a) ---@ Thus the general Sntegral 4 obtained by eliminating ‘a! foom @ and @. # Exercice gam —_— @. Find the complete integral of the followin equations : i). Zpy= pra i), qe Czepr) > iti), (P*+92)x = pz @. Find the complete, Aingulan and general | integrals of the pde pPx tary ez.© #> Special methools of soluftons applicable _to_cerfain Standorel forme: BD) stendarc Form? Only P and _9 au present } Seat e a In this case we consider the pde of the -form F(P,4)2=0 -~—-@ Therefore Choxtpit '¢ guxiliatly equattons ane des dy dz lap ey tp hy Pty Eth eh i es ae fee fy =f, 20 as f is Independent of = XY z- > dpzo | 44=0 ' Dips Const 4 = Comatant > Er pg -~-0 Now, we get dz = pdx tydy 3 dzzadr tbdy On Infegooting,where ¢@ i& arbitrary coretants pulting p2a and qzb In O, we et f (4b) 20 > b= $a) -----@ Using eqn @ in eqgn@, we have ---- 8 Which is the required complete _sategral of pde Q@. (Bing lox dolubong: diftountiatng en © poxtally wert (a? and °c’ we have o=x tary ---- © Boo OfE dH _---@ Aine tHe Jost egn@ iz meaning —laAs , Hence we conclude that the pde's of the form @) have 4 pe Aingulot 4olutton, General doluhon! first we assume that ce Yta) go, we have Ze axtdlay + ¥ea) ___ .@)Diff. eqn @ poxHally wert a, we get oz x4 4ea.y¢ yl) ----@ Elémi nating 9 bebween @ and O, ue ut the general olution of pae O- Example /— 2» Find complete and gereral bolufions( integrals ) of the pde Pag? = m where m is constant: Solufin: Sina we have Ptah es mb where m is constant “24n@ is of the form F(P-4) =o, Therefore the Aolutim of @ ig_ 2 = ax + by +¢ ---@ by putting pra £2 ip O, we et Pete me? Sb =t [6m 42) Hence the complete Antegral 14 ZzaxrtJm2qr +c. ---@®Gomonal Rolukion | lob cz oa). we “gee _-@ Zc and Tarar-y 4 ola) > dik. eqn @ partially wert a we qe + 4a). ---@ OS ke mar eliminating a 4mm ean ® ond ©, we gee the csequived qe Aol ulton, & the pae ©. Exercise3 Find the complete and qervroh integrals of the following eqns — ie pqd=a, tohow Q i& Constant ii), P+4 = py iii). Pi+g* = mpq, , whee m is comtont’* Stondand trom (B)3_ Clairaut Equattom ¢ A fist order poe tw Aud to be of Clot rout form if Jt can be written on mE PX tay th (pg) ~--w, Let Fe PATTY + F PY) -z ---(Q). Therefore, Chorpit!s cu ni Liar eans onn a edt, fe fa, PF + 4 Fa, Fx +b Po Fy +d Fe, > 4% _ dy 2 de = ah. 44 ig xt tp Vtg, Platte) 49,.(S44q,) ° “ From lost two track, we ae ahs dy ° ° > AP=o = P= Comsty@ Aubattuting P= and q=b sm em (D, the wmplete integral ae E: ax + by +4 (au)) - -- @ Sing ula Snkegrel t Dit eqn © portially wet aq and b we have o=x+ fla,b) ----@ OB Cer Ch) = 6) eliminate @ and © tom eqn @and ©, we gt required —Ringulan dmteqral of pde @: Examplege Find the complete and Bimaulan intearalle of the equattows A= PL+ZY + preqr --— (ly), Solution & Here given that — Za preqys plag® ——- (i). the pde M ig on clatyautle form, Hance. {ts Cornplete ante gral th@ Singular Aolutions AH. ean © partially wert aQ&b we dove D=xt+2a- D ae% " oO ” z Yr rtb 2 pe -y a putting. the values ef a and b& gn ean ©), we get tae Bing ular integral of pede O z= CBee ye yeayt yurcise} Find the combleto Tnteq-rals of the pdes ae prtqe- Spy i) ae pee gut Cg ii), te pxrqrt log (pq), pane Pare Poyt (Phege), and RimgulanAtardand Form ¢! Only P 4 and z one precent $ Consider tha Fics orden POE 4) the form a en 2 oe i) Chonpit!s auxiliary eq one. - dx Ay Ld = dP. - 4 + Sp 4q, Phot 4ta, fut Pb. tyr ah, > des dy — At oS ae = aoe, -@ Sp “da, P-tp t¥-Sq, P42 Be \* tae tyso FOPa zI<0 F From lost wo fratton, we qe dp dy zo de > go 2 dy ro; on integ ration, 1 hou a hk an orbitraruy Corstant:® Now dz = pdx+a,dy > az = pdr + apdy. > dr= p(dr+ady) 2D dz= p.dlxtay) > dr=pdu ----- 7 @) —_——— whore Us %+aq. & p= at ---@ — Ao we Gok GZeape ade, —--- (8). ——_—_ Solving @ ard © wo get Zz as fonction of u. tomblete integral by suplaring u = RHO. Working method |= Le} pde th FCP 4 t)20 ---()- & obtained when Akep ty, Lek uz xFO4, where Q is arbitrary comsfant - Stepar, Reblaw P anda, by At and ade wrespactively in (), and Solve thea pde . “by uguol nathodt.Stebay . 8 + Replace a by rer ay in the holult obtained by “Btepa- Step 4>, Hone we qek required complete integ- vol of pae ©. Excmpe}- find the wompleta integral of P(it4) = az. Kolulion 3 = Given thot PU4y)= gz ----@© ut =a j putting Pp ae and 42 0k in © whee a ir orrbi trary Covbtaut and Us xtay. Trurefore, we got dz d A+ a.dt\ - aa ( =) oe a dz 2 +q. 9% = 2 4 ae ae 2 a 42 _ ary au 2 af/dz_\ = qu (5) On Amtegration we have fog (az-1) = ute. 3 [log Car -1) = xtoy te. |: Us eto4.Examples Find the complete amkegral of ES (Pr tghety oer, Ke Corsir. Solution? — How given that UCP ataryeee --—@© ati a. ain Now p "4: P= an and qa ade gn du eqn © wore 2 os a arbitrary vowfant and Us xr Then, we get zw ( (82) ey) oeh PPA Yo Gay eet > Ure) (Sey. eat =z > + Sito. du = SESE et > 4 See. 2.4 = gu yeeOn integrating we have + Siar, [eee = Ure. 3 Gra (ee ay = HO” » fOrart ceo Cregto4 “© orbitrang conrtant: bleke. dnrageed whee © IA Eqn © we tequired Comm ok the pde O- Find the complora integral of the Following equal ows Ve aoe » OParaty = acres) i). pq 3 dpqr=0 Merce Z ( Phe +qry a4.fs © + Atondand form D4 Equation of the form Fer =f yas | Comsidan tha mone fineor Pde of first order of the form 5,06?) = 42044) ---@ ve Fe 4,06P- 1,4) 20 ----@ Then charpit's auxiliary, eons ant ox dy 2 ede dg, Fp fy PE pAq Fa, EPA Fy rg Fy dx ~ ay 2 9% = 24? 2 +f, fe PPh ig 22 OR BP a, >P D4, ou -dy = © oy plow taking Sixt and fourth frautiow, we get oe ats ah 3P _ ohh hy S 2 (2E)ar+(3) aes o > d{1 = 0 > HCG P= what a ig wrstt.—@)@ which iA of Hat form §,(0P) = $2044): Now, we qt PaG lites = ae 4: a (bog) -- ® then, we oer pr (lar) ae — 4 ee —c-a. $ 4 pra art i) Y= ay \+%> > ps + Jax_ 2 = 2 4a a4 —-& — hubostitvling dhase values of p &4 in dzz part vy 2 dre + SX dat aydy- Sex aoa on integrating, wu Sek is wher C ik an arnlbi troy comstawk e¥olWich ik the complete imteqwal of we pde QO.On Exorreises Find the complete and pingular integrals of the following pdes —— . (pr +42) cyte ree ) Pu cattt) = qxre x 3). Prt ye Gtx: 4). (Ph eat) = ary