IRMATION OF SENTENCES TRANSFO ynthesis TEA @, FA rr = 3.1. far seme synthesis of Sentences #7 AAAI . Tansformation of Sentences 4% Transformation FT ACT : | Transformation of § sar ad B—areat #T ET | entences — . 26 ica ee serve ira ar fir areal wr oT ee oe sa wT AAA BT TA ME—Active & Passive a0, Passive ¥ Active AMT, FA Direct # Indirect Aaa Fy Indirect # Direct array Fravere: wat svar eatery @1 earaeTiee Seifert * FNM Direct and Indirect (F441 Direct Narration and Indirect Narration) #1 fer, RT rer | ay arenfer feat ot ya BI 3.2. AATAT—I.C. Nesfield 3 fear B— “To transform a sentence is to change it from one grammatical form to another without altering its sense.” Steer Fe fat gee aren at err or at fare wa ae eH afeaT FF 3Y Transformation (et ofa weAT) et EI Example : 1. She is too weak to pass. si 4 ATET Simple Sentence & We Affirmative (Positive) @\ 2. She is so weak that she cannot pass. (Complex Sentence) | 4B AT Complex Sentence & HE Negative (FrAAF) FI ere & fie set gareem aver ao | afte 2 at ara Ow & B fag Set aaa Ty | UE gR 8 wiser fit 21 3.3. Transformation and Synthesis : Transformation #% aaet wr area Fear gat 2 | atte fet ai fare & orere oe ee area Hf ofcada frat TAT BI Synthesis # A ar aa | sree avast ait firerene fer ay fate 3 arare ae aot Ua ae TaTAT eta &; FA | | (Simple Sentence) | I | Synthesis : He said. He will not come. (Into Complex Sentence) | He said that he would not come. 4E AT Complex & sit & fet BT Simple Sentences Ht Agaa F FAA TAT FI Transformation : He said that he would not come. (Into Simple Sentence) He denied his arrival. 4 AAT Simple & St fet gy aay Bt fea we fret & arare we EIrafea fe wT F! ware Hea Bt faftet fafeat 3.4., Transformation 4 99a fafaai frafafad 2 Use and Removal of Adverb Too. Interchange of the Degrees of Comparison. Interchange of Active and Passive Voice. Interchange of Interrogative and Assertive Sentences, Interchange of Affirmative (Positive) and Negative Sentences. moog>mmcrenange of Exchimatory and Assertive Sentences. able? Bt G._ Interchange of One Part of Speech for Another. H. Conversion of Simple Senicnces to Compound Sentences. Conversion of Compound Sentences to Simple Sentences. k 1 7}. Conversion of Simple Sentences to Complex Sentences. Conversion of Complex Sentences to Simple Sentences. = i : ME hee? > K yw L. Conversion of Compound Sentences to Complex Sentences. Conversion of Complex Sentences to Compound Sentences.T& CONVERSION OF COMPLEX (Complex Senter 4.50. Arts. 3.43-3.49 ‘entences Ft Simple Sentences ¥ TAT) qaott Tt 1 St Fait 3 caus Sentences 4 Complex Sentences a AFA St Simple s Complex Sentences #1 Simple Sentet Sentence # Fae wa Finite Verb at $1 Complex Sentence ® affF Finite Ve i wie fe coe i 8a B1 Complex Sentence # Simple Sentence # 427 * Fr re 3ub a Erte at area (Word or Phrase) # at 7 @1 = ante Clause ata sae at gift Bart: Complex Sentence # Simple sentence & few fret de fh eee a a. Clause rm, (i) Adjective Clause # FErA, 7A (iii) Adverb Clause (a) REMOVAL OF NOUN CL: id /AUSES 33 Fras SERVI AT TIT Noun Clause WT ere a fats afer — 1 Comp! csi Majid said ¢hat he was innocent. Simple Majid declared his innocence. 2. Complex : Tell me where Mr. Gupta lives: Simple Tell me Mr: Gupta’s address. — 3. Complex : How long I shall stay is doubtful. Simple: The duration of my stay is doubtful. 4. Complex : He confessed that he was guilty. Simple: He confessed his guilt, 5. Complex : 1 wish that you should be quiet. Simple + I wish you to be quiet. 6. Complex : It is not likely that his father may punish him. Simple: His father is not likely to punish him. 7. Complex : Pay attention to what your teacher says. Simple: Pay attention to your teacher's words. (OR) Pay attention to your teacher's advice. 8. Complex + It is clear that you are innocent. Simple: Your innocence is clear. 9. Complex : That your brother is guilty is now clear. Simple The guilt of your brother is now clear. 10. Complex It is my duty that J should defend my country. Simple The defence of my country is my duty. v¥a— Complex Sentences ¥ 2 Bt eat % Noun Clauses Weftiat Ft we FI Simple Sentences ¥ 23 Gt wat % 4 WHAT srafefer frat wir fara ar Complex Sentences #1 Subordinate Clauses # a THT a EXERCISE 65. ert the following Complex Sentences to Simple Sentences by changing Noun Conve Clauses : 1. He heard that his father was ill. . She said that she was innocent. . Ido not know who he is. . {do not know who wrote Shakuntalam. He asked me why I came. The teacher asked the boy be I could not hear what he satc. TTell me why you disobeyed your teacher. ‘old he was. er aueeNn1] come: Par Git ves his gui! 9. We hope that better time Wl 10. The fact that he is silent pro en. 11. He admitted that he was mistake” oy, 12. It was much regretted that he Wa 13. There is no sense in what you “st murder: 14. All believed that he was guilty o AUSES y was. 15. Hen y impudent the Boy "CLA . le remarked how imp! VAL OF ADJECTIN eg ant at Par aaa (b) REMOV aovive clause T&T AT NT wr freafitiacr vargeuit TERT AdiecY ehere fie was ies fe ees weer died inthe vise ee omplex : I lom ati i : Simple he freedom fighter died in his nat ious minded % Complex. : The poet who wrote Sake! WS ous minded. _ Simple: The author of Saket was very TENET aay never fal hing and avd-workinng and inrell a ent boys never fail 1 was absent. 3. Complex : The boys who are Simple: Hard-working and intelligent Do: h 4. Complex: We do not know the reason ¥ my ae Simple: We do not know the reason of te ys respected 5. Complex: The men who are self-made are al a Simple: Self-made men are always respecte 6 Complex : They came upon a hut where aes Simple: They came upon a farmer's hut. was? 7. Conpis : Can you tell me the place where Mohan lives Simple: Can you tell me Mohan’s residence? 8. Complex + A man who is prudent is always respected. Simple: A prudent man is always respected. 9. Compiex : He tells a tale that sounds untrue. Simple: He tells an absurd tale. 10. Complex : Youth is the time when the character is sown. Simple _ : Youth is time for the formation of character UL. Complex : The son who was his chief support in his old age is dead Simple _ : His son, the chief support of his old age, is dead 12. Complex : People who live in glass houses must not throw stones on others. Simple _ : People living in Slass houses must not throw stones on others 13. Complex : All that shines is not gold. Simple: Every shining thing is not gold. (OR) All shining things are not gold. 14. Complex. : He had no money that he could give you, Simple: He had no money to give you 15. Complex : A slate which is broken is not needed. Simple: A broken slate is not needed 16. Complex : 1 once saw a man who was walking on q rope Simple: Tonce saw a man walking on a rope 17. Complex: We saw a few trees which were laden with fruits Simple: We saw a few trees laden with finire : 18. Complex : The dog that bites does not bark. Simple _: A barking dog does not bite. eT—Complex Sentences (Fat Adjective Clause #1 3 Simple Sentences it afta? act AAT Adjective A Adjective Phrase, Present Pp; Gerundial Infinitives 1 itt freq spay Sy rer lived. ‘articiple, Past Participle ™Nl Nc ltt Nl Nr pores the ache) EXERCISE 66. sate following Complex Sentences to Simple Sentences by changing Adjective ~ Sita has a ring which is mad . Radha has an eee - Those boys who are good are Ie You can eat anything that you . A dog that barks seldom bites, Those who are healthy do not require a doctor, - A student who is careless never succeeds Youth is the time when character is formed. All that glitters is not gold. : - Time which is lost is lost for ever, - have no money that I can. spare. - [could help the soldier who was injured. - I met an old man who was carrying a load of wood. . Yesterday I did not go to the market which was overcrowded. (c) REMOVAL OF ADVERB CLAUSES 53. Freafafan sareccit BY qsaT Adverb Clause #t Gay at fates aafea— Complex : I was so tired that I could not work. Simple + 1 was too tired to work. 2. Complex : He is so fat that he cannot sit properly. Simple: He is too fat ro sit properly. 3. Complex : You may sit wherever you like. Simple: You may sit anywhere. 4. Complex : He was sad when he heard the news. Simple _ : He was sad to hear the news. 5. Complex : 1 cannot read unless I ivear glasses. Simple : \ cannot read without glasses. (OR) Without glasses | cannot read. 6. Complex : He will not pay unless he is compelled. Simple: He will pay only under compulsion 7. Complex : While there is life these is hope. Simple — : Life and hope are inseparable. (OR) Life and hope cannot be separated. 8. Complex : When the cat is away, the mice will play. Simple _ ; In the absence of the cat the mice will play. 9. Complex : As you sow, so shall you reap. : Simple» You will reap only the fruits of your sowing. 10. Complex : As soon as he heard the news, he wrote to me. Simple + Hearing the news, he wrote to me. ; 11. Complex : Rama was pleased ee he had won a prize. i 2 a was pleased at having won a prize. ; 12. cae aime diene were sad when they found their commander dead Simple + The soldiers were sad (o find their commander dead. 13. Complex : He can drink as much as he likes. Simple: He can drink to his content. (OR) He can drink to his satisfaction. loved by their parents. like. WOIANEWN 3. lL.a bed when night. 14. Complex <1 ge & wk shied her ¥6 Simple I yo to bed af night ost fi 1S. Complex. ~ She slept hecas® ve Simple Afier finishing her work. 2 we train aT a a Secure good marks 16, Complex + Wait bere #ill Hs | Wait here rill the a77 Simple Bees 17. Complex * She worked hard 1" order ne WOH Simple. For securing good marks SY sched late 18. Complex Aldhough he ran ve PETES gcached late of running, 8 he cannot do a7 OS Simple: In spite 19. Complex: He is so ill that : Simple > He is too ill to do amy 8 n a 7 yous walt succeed 20. Cam plex If vou work hare : Tyou will succeed Simple > By working hare ea ENERCIS , ences by changing 4, Convert the following Complex Sentences (° Simple Sent — Clauses : 1 He as so tired that he cannot sleep She may go wherever she hke» He was glad when he heard the news of his * He will not come unless he 1s invited you are ill, you should avord hard work ‘As Soon as he read the news, he informed his mother You may cat as much as you like I sleep when it is mid-night The police retumed when the sun set 10. Although Alan did his best, he could not play the match. 11. If you play regularly, you will be a good player. You will be respected if you are sincere. 13. If you speak the truth, you will be excused. 14. He will not go to school today as he is ill S. The thief died because the police beat him mercilessly EVEDCICE A (Miccollomsaued Bceess