Assignment 02 Fall 2021 (Related Rates Applications)

MT-101 Calculus & Analytical Geometry

01. A thin sheet of ice is in the form of a circle. If the ice is melting
in such a way that the area of the sheet is decreasing at a rate of 0.5
m2/sec at what rate is the radius decreasing when the area of the
sheet is 12 m2?
02. A person is standing 350 feet away from a model rocket that is
fired straight up into the air at a rate of 15 ft/sec. At what rate is the
distance between the person and the rocket increasing (a) 20
seconds after liftoff? (b) 1 minute after liftoff?
03. A plane is 750 meters in the air flying parallel to the ground at a
speed of 100 m/s and is initially 2.5 kilometers away from a radar
station. At what rate is the distance between the plane and the radar
station changing (a) initially and (b) 30 seconds after it passes over
the radar station?
04. A light is mounted on a wall 5 meters above the ground. A 2-
meter-tall person is initially 10 meters from the wall and is moving
towards the wall at a rate of 0.5 m/sec. After 4 seconds of moving is
the tip of the shadow moving (a) towards or away from the person
and (b) towards or away from the wall?

5. A tank of water in the shape of a cone is being filled with water at a

rate of 12 m3/sec. The base radius of the tank is 26 meters and the
height of the tank is 8 meters. At what rate is the depth of the water in
the tank changing when the radius of the top of the water is 10 meters?
Note the image below is not completely to scale….
6. The figure below shows a camera mounted at a point 3000 ft from the base
of a rocket launching pad. At what rate is the camera-to-rocket distance
changing when the rocket is 4000 ft up and rising vertically at 880 ft/s?
7.
EXAMPLE 1
Water runs into a conical tank at the rate of 9 ft/min. The tank stands point
down and has a height of 10 ft and a base radius of 5 ft. How fast is the water
level rising when the water is 6 ft deep?
EXAMPLE 2
A hot air balloon rising straight up from a level field is tracked by a range finder
150 m from the liftoff point. At the moment the range finder’s elevation angle
is pi/4, the angle is increasing at the rate of 0.14 rad /min. How fast is the
balloon rising at that moment?
Example 3
A tank of water in the shape of a cone is leaking water at a constant rate of 3
2ft /hour .The base radius of the tank is 5 ft and the height of the tank is 14 ft.
(a) At what rate is the depth of the water in the tank changing when the depth
of the water is 6 ft?
Example 4
Suppose that liquid is to be cleared of sediment by allowing it to drain through
a conical filter that is 16 cm high and has a radius of 4 cm at the top. Suppose
also that the liquid is forced out of the cone at a constant rate of 2 cm3 per
min. At what rate is the depth of the liquid in the filter changing when the
liquid in the cone is 8 cm deep
Example 5
Assume that oil spilled from a ruptured tanker spreads in a circular
pattern whose radius increases at a constant rate of 2 ft/s .how fast
is the area of the spill increasing when the radius of the spill is 60 ft?
Example 6
A stone is dropped into a still pond sends out a circular ripple who’s
radius increases at a constant rate of 3 ft/sec. How rapidly is the area
enclosed by the ripple increasing at the end of 10 sec?
Example 7
Oil spilled from a ruptured tanker spreads in a circle whose area
increases at a constant rate of 3mi2/hr. How rapidly is radius of the
spill increasing when the area is 9mi2?
Example 8
A 13-ft ladder is leaning against a house when its base starts to slide
away. By the time the base is 12 ft from the house, the base is
moving at the rate of 5 ft sec. (a). How fast is the top of the ladder
sliding down the wall then? (b). At what rate is the area of the
triangle formed by the ladder, wall, and ground changing then?
(c). At what rate is the angle between the ladder and the ground
changing then?
Example 9
A light is on the top of a 12 ft tall pole and a 5ft 6in tall person is walking away
from the pole at a rate of 2 ft/sec. (a) At what rate is the tip of the shadow
moving away from the pole when the person is 25 ft from the pole?
(b) At what rate is the tip of the shadow moving away from the person when
the person is 25 ft from the pole?

Example 10
A spot light is on the ground 20 ft away from a wall and a 6 ft tall person is
walking towards the wall at a rate of 2.5 ft/sec. How fast is the height of the
shadow changing when the person is 8 feet from the wall? Is the shadow
increasing or decreasing in height at this time?
 What Does It Mean If Two Rates Are
Related
Let’s make sense of things using the image to the right.

Imagine a person is outside looking up into the sky and they spot an airplane that is
flying at an altitude of 6 miles above the ground. Now, as the plane continues on its
flight path, several things are changing with respect to each other.

The angle of elevation (theta), the line of sight (hypotenuse), as well as the
horizontal distance are all changing as the plane flies overhead and with respect to
time.

And that’s what it means for two or more rates to be related — as one rate changes,
so does the other.

How To Solve Related Rates Problems

We use the principles of problem-solving when solving related rates. The steps are
as follows:

1. Read the problem carefully and write down all the given information.
2. Sketch and label a graph or diagram, if applicable.
3. Find an equation that relates the unknown variable and known variable(s) by looking
for geometric shapes, known formulas, ratios such as the Pythagorean theorem,
area and volume formulas, or trig identities.
4. Simplify using appropriate substitutions, so that chosen equation has only two
variables (known and unknown).
5. Differentiate the equation implicitly with respect to time.
6. Substitute all known values into the derivative and solve for the final answer.