H.

In the 20th century the five boroughs of

New York were established: Brooklyn,
Manhattan, Bronx, Queens, and Staten
Island. The city became a world center of
industry, commerce and communication, and
a competition for building skyscrapers started
(the Empire State and the Chrysler buildings
were built in the 1930s). However, the Great
Depression in the 1930s negatively impacted
the development of the city.

I. In ____, the United States

declared war on Japan after the
bombing of Pearl Harbor. The
country won the war and
became the first world power.
New York emerged as the US
largest financial, commercial,
informational and cultural
center.

J. In 1609, Henry Hudson sailed into the

Upper New York Bay. Back then, the
Dutch founded the first trading settlement
in lower Manhattan. They re-named the
area “New Amsterdam”, and soon started
a war against the natives. Many Lenape
Indians died before a peace treaty was
signed.

A. Giovanni da Verrazzano was the first

European visitor to the area in____.
When the Europeans arrived, there were
15,000 Lenapes living in the region.
Some of the paths that natives created
are nowadays famous roads, for
example Broadway.

GARRIDO; MIKA; VARELA

MAIG 2012

C. Before Christopher Columbus
discovered the New World in ____, Native
Americans had inhabited the region now
known as New York City (NYC). They
were Lenape Indians who spoke an
Algonquian language and lived on
agriculture, fishing and hunting.
E. At the beginning of the 20th
century the Great Migration brought a
lot of African Americans to the city
from the American South. As a result,
a cultural movement known as the
Harlem Renaissance developed in
the borough of Manhattan in the
1920s and 1930s.
G. Nowadays, New York is one of the
world’s most influential cities as well as
one of the most popular tourist
destinations. The most urbanized
borough is Manhattan, where a new
World Trade Center is now being built
after the terrorist attacks of
9/11destroyed the old one and killed
nearly 3,000 people. The city is delimited
by the Hudson River, the East River and
the Atlantic Ocean. It is served by three
different airports (JFK Kennedy, La
Guardia and Newark), its time zone is +5
and the currency used is the American
dollar. The inhabitants are called New
Yorkers.
B. As the colony grew and prospered,
the population wanted more autonomy.
Soon the American War of
Independence started against the British
and the United States declared
Independence in 1776. George
Washington was proclaimed the first
President of the United States in front
of the Federal Hall in New York, which
was then the capital of the country.
D. In the 19th century, wars in Europe and
the Great Irish Famine caused a great
migration to Northern America; many
settlers came at that time to Manhattan.
After the American Civil War (___-___), the
United States received even more
immigrants from Europe. When they
arrived to New York, newcomers had to
pass through Ellis Island, an immigration
station, where they had to undergo medical
tests. The first image they had of the New
World was the Statue of Liberty, which was
a gift from France in____.
F. The Dutch period finished in ____,
when the British conquered the territory
and renamed the city “New York”. The
majority of colonists were Puritans who
were escaping from religious persecution
in England. And some of the areas of the
city have Dutch origin: Haarlem has
become Harlem and Breukelen is
Brooklyn.
GARRIDO; MIKA; VARELA
MAIG 2012