CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud Architecture

Dr. H.L. Phalachandra

Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Acknowledgements:
Significant information in the slide deck presented through the Unit 1 of the course have been created by Prof. K.S. Srinivas and would like to acknowledge and thank
him for the same. There have been some information which I might have leveraged from the content of Dr. K.V. Subramaniam’s lecture contents too. I may have
supplemented the same with contents from books and other sources from Internet and would like to sincerely thank, acknowledge and reiterate that the credit/rights for
the same remain with the original authors/publishers only. These are intended for class room presentation only.
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Cloud Architecture

What is cloud architecture?

Cloud architecture refers to the way in which technology components which
makeup the cloud environment are engineered or combined to leverage the
power of cloud resources to solve business problems.
Cloud architecture defines the components as well as the relationships
between them.
The components of a cloud architecture include:
A. A Front-end : Client-side interfaces and applications that are required to
access the cloud computing platforms. (Web clients, thin or fat clients,
tablets, mobile devices)
B. A back-end platform (servers and storage)
C. A network (Internet, Intranet, Intercloud).
Together, these components create a cloud computing architecture on which
applications can run, providing end-users with the ability to leverage the power
of- cloud resources.
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Cloud Architecture – In a little more detail
A. What is a front-end?
▪ This is the front end part of the cloud Architecture or the Client Infrastructure to interact
with the cloud.
▪ This could be client-side interfaces and applications that are required to access the cloud
computing platforms.
E.g. Web clients (including Chrome, Firefox, internet explorer etc.), thin & fat clients,
tablets, and mobile devices.
B. What is a back-end?
▪ The back end part of the cloud architecture is used by the Service provider.
▪ This manages all the resources that are required to provide cloud computing services.
▪ The detailed set of components involved in the back end are
1. Application - It’s the part offered for the Client application which will use the Cloud.
This can either be a software or a platform
2. Service – This is a piece of software, which manages or based on the application needs,
will determine and enable the appropriate service to be accessed. This could be an
Infrastructure (IaaS) or platform (PaaS) or a software (SaaS) service.
https://www.javatpoint.com/cloud-computing-architecture Contd.
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Cloud Architecture – In a little more detail (Cont.)

3. Runtime Cloud – Provides the execution and runtime environment to the Virtual
Machine dependent on the service model
4. Storage - Storage is one of the most important components of cloud computing. It
provides a huge amount of storage capacity in the cloud to store and manage data.
5. Infrastructure - Cloud infrastructure includes hardware and software components such
as servers, storage, network devices, virtualization software, and other storage
resources that are needed to support the cloud computing model.
6. Management - Components like application, service, etc in the backend need to be
managed and coordination between them needs to be established.
7. Security - It implements security mechanisms, for secure cloud resources, systems,
files, and infrastructure to end-users.
C. Internet - Internet connection acts as the medium or a bridge between frontend and
backend and establishes the interaction and communication between frontend and
backend.
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Cloud Platform Design Goals

We have been discussing number of value prepositions of using cloud, and these would be the
goals targeted for while designing and architecting a Cloud platform. A few of these are
1. Scalability - Up- Out etc
2. Efficiency - Do this quickly with minimal utilization of resources
- Quickly could also mean bringing up the service which could be across the stack
3. Reliability and Availability
4. Simplifying the User experience

These are typically enabled by architectures like Clustering, Virtualization - Hypervisor,

Replication, Elasticity, Simple deployment and scheduling approaches.
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Generic Cloud Architecture Example

Generic cloud platform built with a virtual cluster of VMs, storage, and networking resources over the
data-center servers operated by providers which also considers security.
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Cloud Architecture : Amazon Example

http://aws.amazon.com/vpc/
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Other views : Layered Cloud Architecture
The architecture of a cloud can also be visualized into three layers: infrastructure, platform, and application.
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Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
As consumers rely on cloud providers to meet more of their computing needs,
they will require a specific level of QoS to be maintained by their providers, in
order to meet their objectives and sustain their operations, which will need to be
provisioned as part of deployment.
A market-oriented resource management system regulates the supply and
demand of cloud resources to achieve an equilibrium between supply and
demand. So the resource allocation mechanism will provision based on the QoS
and economic incentives are provided proportional to the QoS needed/provided.
The request examiner ensures that there is no overloading or over-provisioning of
resources whereby many service requests can be fulfilled successfully due to
constraints in the limit of resources.
• The Pricing mechanism decides how service requests are charged. The VM
Monitor mechanism keeps track of the availability of VMs and their resource
entitlements.
• The Dispatcher mechanism starts the execution of accepted service requests on
allocated VMs.
• The Service Request Monitor mechanism keeps track of the execution progress
of service requests.
• Multiple VMs can be started and stopped on demand on a single physical
machine to meet accepted service requests, hence providing maximum
flexibility.
THANK YOU

Dr. H.L. Phalachandra

phalachandra@pes.edu