Means should justify ends; unfair means could never bring welfare

GS 1

#TRUE PEACE/#JUSTICE

J&K, Naxalites, Riots

True peace is not merely the absence of tension: it is the presence of justice

- Martin Luther King

Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. - MLK

TOLERANCE/SECULARISM  : God has no religion

DISCRIMINATION /RESERVATION

"A just society is a society where the ascending sense of reverence and the descending
sense of contempt is dissolved into creation of a compassionate
society" . . . . . . #RESERVATION/JUSTICE

- Dr. Ambedkar

#RAISING VOICE AGAINST INJUSTICE/ WRONG

"All that is necessary for evil to triumph is for good men to do nothing" Edmund Burke

"The world is a dangerous place not because of those who do evil, but because of those
who look on and do nothing" - Albert Einstein

INEQUALITY

I believe that virtually all the problems in the world come from inequality of one kind or
another. - Amartya Sen

Progress is more plausibly judged by the reduction of deprivation than by the further
enrichment of the opulent - Amartya Sen

#AWARENESS

Human ordeals thrive on ignorance. To understand a problem with clarity is already half
way towards solving it. - Amartya Sen

#PARTICIPATION


Women

All nations have attained greatness by paying proper respect to women. That country
and that nation which do not respect women have never become great, nor will ever be
in future. - Swami Vivekanand

B. R. Ambedkar - I measure the progress of a community by the degree of progress

which women have achieved.

"Educate one man, and you educate a person, but educate a woman and you educate a
whole civilization"- MG

CHILDREN:

“we do not inherit the earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.”

While students are just 40% of our population, they are 100% of our future!

DISABILITY:

The inability to see potential in others is the greatest disability

Intolerance

Any classification according to a singular identity polarizes people in a particular way,

but if we take note of the fact that we have many different identities - related not just to
religion but also to language, occupation and business, politics, class and poverty, and
many others - we can see that the polarization of one can be resisted by a fuller picture.
So knowledge and understanding are extremely important to fight against singular
polarization. - Amartya Sen

GS2

#FREEDOM / #DEVELOPMENT

(You cannot compromise freedom for the sake of development...)

Freedom is not just the end state of development, but also one of its principle means

- Amartya sen

#FREEDOM / FREEDOM OF PRESS/ FREEDOM OF SPEECH

The success of a society is to be evaluated primarily by the freedoms that members of
the society enjoy. - Amartya Sen

INVESTMENT IN HEALTH AND EDUCATION :

**Human development, as an approach, is concerned with what I take to be the basic

development idea: namely, advancing the richness of human life, rather than the richness
of the economy in which human beings live, which is only a part of it. - Amartya Sen

**Progress is more plausibly judged by the reduction of deprivation than by the further
enrichment of the opulent - Amartya Sen

Economic growth without investment in human development is unsustainable - and

unethical. - Amartya Sen

EDUCATION

Value based education :

Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make man a more clever
devil. - CS Lewis

Quality & Content of Education :

"We must go on fighting for basic education for all, but also emphasize the importance
of the content of education. We have to make sure that sectarian schooling does not
convert education into a prison, rather than being a passport to the wide world. -
Amartya Sen

Womens Education :

"Educate one man, and you educate a person, but educate a woman and you educate a
whole civilization"- MG

“The task of the modern educator is not to cut down jungles, but to irrigate deserts. The
right defense against false sentiments is to inculcate just sentiments.”” ― C.S. Lewis

FLAWS IN DEVELOPMENT PROCESS:

Voltaire: “The best is the enemy of the good.”

Confucius: "Better a diamond with a flaw than a pebble without."

Shakespeare: “Striving to better, oft we mar what's well.”

" Let not Perfect/Best be the enemy of the Good!"

DEMOCRACY

"Democracy is a means to bring about a significant change in the living conditions of the
depressed without resorting to bloodshed " - Dr. AMBEDKAR

COMMUNALISM: Darkness can't drive out darkness, only light can do that. Hate cannot
drive out hate, only love can do that. - GS2/ GS4 - MLK

Love} is the only force capable of tranforming an enemy to a friend.- MLK

IR - Wars are poor chisels for carving out peaceful tomorrows - IR - MLK

Human Rights

The notion of human right builds on our shared humanity. These rights are not derived
from the citizenship of any country, or the membership of any nation, but are presumed
to be claims or entitlements of every human being. They differ, therefore, from
constitutionally created rights guaranteed for specific people. - Amartya Sen

PatriotismJohn f Kennedy has rightly said that “Ask not what your country can rightly do
for you, ask what you can do for your country”

Govt programmes

"Those who would benefit most from a service a least likely to obtain it"

IR

GS3

ECONOMIC PROGRESS AND DEVELOPMENT/ INVESTMENT IN HEALTH AND

EDUCATION :

**Human development, as an approach, is concerned with what I take to be the basic

development idea: namely, advancing the richness of human life, rather than the richness
of the economy in which human beings live, which is only a part of it. - Amartya Sen

**Progress is more plausibly judged by the reduction of deprivation than by the further
enrichment of the opulent - Amartya Sen

Economic growth without investment in human development is unsustainable - and

unethical. - Amartya Sen

Economic Reforms

#RISEOFINDIA
Victor Hugo had said – “there is nothing more powerful than an idea whose time has
come”

Poverty

Poverty is not just a lack of money; it is not having the capability to realize one's full
potential as a human being. - Amartya Sen

Poverty is the worst form of violence. - M Gandhi

Human development, as an approach, is concerned with what I take to be the basic

development idea: namely, advancing the richness of human life, rather than the richness
of the economy in which human beings live, which is only a part of it. - Amartya Sen

SCIENCE:

All the sciences are for this one end, to bring happiness to humanity. - Swami
Vivekanand

Our scientific power has outrun our spiritual power. We have guided missiles and
misguided men - MLK

ENVIRONMENT

“we do not inherit the earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.”

Earth has sufficient for man's need but not for man's greed. - M Gandhi

ANIMALS : To my mind, the life of a lamb is no less precious than that of a human being
-MG

"The Greatness of a nation is judged by the way it treats its animals"

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

An Ounce of prevention is worth a Pound of cure - Benjamin Franklin

GS 4

CAPITALISM /MATERIALISM

"The world has enough for everyone's need but not for everyone's greed" /

"Economic crisis is temporary but moral crisis is permanent "

OUR ROLE

The difference between what we do and what we are capable of doing would suffice to
solve most of the 5 world's problems." - I am a responsible citizen of this country and i
am doing my job properly. Welfare work is the duty of the government. what else am i
supposed to you?

SELFLESS SERVICE/

The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others' - MG

Swami Vivekananda said that only rituals will not connect an individual to divinity. He
said Jan Seva is Prabhu Seva: PM

It is a privilege to serve mankind, for this is the worship of God. - Swami Vivekanand

Not everybody can be famous but everybody can be great, because greatness is
determined by service.- MLK

We make a living by what we get, we make a life by what we give"

#LEADERSHIP / EKLA CHALO

GOMSIL-Good motives, sincerity, and infinite love can conquer the world. One single
soul possessed of these virtues can destroy the dark designs of millions of hypocrites
and brutes. - Swami Vivekanand

COURAGE

Courage is not simply one of the virtues, but the form of every virtue at the testing point.
- C. S. Lewis

#WILLPOWER / willpower of the weak

Strength does not come from physical capacity. It comes from an indomitable will. - M
Gandhi

A small body of determined spirits fired by an unquenchable faith in their mission can
alter the course of history. - M Gandhi

#RAISING VOICE AGAINST INJUSTICE/ WRONG

"All that is necessary for evil to triumph is for good men to do nothing" Edmund Burke

"The world is a dangerous place not because of those who do evil, but because of those
who look on and do nothing" - Albert Einstein

#BUREAUCRAT

A 'No' uttered from the deepest conviction is better than a 'Yes' merely uttered to
please, or worse, to avoid trouble. - M Gandhi
Nearly all men can withstand adversity, but if you want to test a man’s character, give
him power.—Abraham Lincoln2013I count him braver who overcomes his desires than
him who overcomes his enemies.—Aristotle

#RELIGION

SWAMI VIVEKANAND held that the

"Same method of investigation which applies to other sciences should form the basis on
which religion is to justify itself'

POVERTY & RELIGION: MG

Poverty is the worst form of violence

There are people in the world so hungry, that God cannot appear to them except in
the form of bread - MG

The simplest acts of kindness are by far more powerful then a thousand heads bowing in
prayer.- MG

#RELIGIOUS TEXTS

The secret of religion lies not in theories but in practice. To be good and do good - that
is the whole of religion. - Swami Vivekanand

The intellectual criteria that gave the 19th century Religious reform movement in india its
ideological unity were Rationality-Universalism-Humanity

RRMR considered different religions as the national embodiments of a universal theism"

#FORGIVENESS

The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong. - M Gandhi

TRUE HAPPINESS :

Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony. -
Mahatma Gandhi

HUMANITY

You must not lose faith in humanity. Humanity is an ocean; if a few drops of the ocean
are dirty, the ocean does not become dirty. - Mahatma Gandhi

The greatness of humanity is not in being human, but in being humane. - M Gandhi
GS4 CONSCIENCE: There comes a time when one must take a position that is neither
safe, nor politic, nor popular but he must take it because conscience tells him it is right.”
- MLK GS4

In matter of conscience, the law of majority has no place. - MLK GS4

Before you do anything, stop and recall the face of the poorest most helpless destitute
person you have seen and ask yourself, Is What I am about to do going to help him? MG
- GS4

Non cooperation with evil is as much a duty as is cooperation with good.- GS4

SETTING AN EXAMPLE : Be the change that you wish to see in the world.- MG

SETTING AN EXAMPLE : My Life is My Message - MG

VENGEANCE /FORGIVENESS: An eye for an eye will only make the whole world blind. -
MG

Seven Deadly Sins. Wealth without work; Pleasure without conscience; Science without
humanity; Knowledge without character; Politics without principle; Commerce without
morality; Worship without sacrifice.” - MG

DETERMINATION: First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, and
then you win

BELIEF to DESTINY

Your beliefs become your thoughts,

Your thoughts become your words,

Your words become your actions,

Your actions become your habits,

Your habits become your values,

Your values become your destiny. - M Gandhi

नमन्ति फलिनो वक्ष

ृ ा नमन्ति गुणिनो जनाः ।

शुष्ककाष्ठ्ठश्च मूर्खश्च ् न नमन्ति कदाचन ् ॥

namanti phalino vRukShA namanti guNino janAH |

shuShkakAShThThashcha mUrkhashch na namanti kadAchan ||

The branches of a tree laden with fruit bend downward just as the highly cultivated
persons bow down out of respect to others. The unwise (murkha), however, are like the
dry log that never bends.

LIFE OF PURPOSE & SIMPLICITY:

Gandhi was greatly influenced by Leo Tolstoy,through his book ‘The Kingdom of God is
Within You’ and his essay on ‘Christianity and Patriotism’.

Tolstoy’s ideal of “simplicity of life and purity of purpose” influenced Gandhi deeply.

The “love as law of life” and principles of non-violence, that is based on love for the
entire mankind, were deeply embedded in the writings of Tolstoy. Both Gandhi and
Tolstoy adopted the idea of love to solve problems of life. Gandhi has written that
reading the ‘The Kingdom of God is Within You’

had cured him of skepticism and made him a firm believer of Ahimsa. For both of them,

non-violence could cure all social maladies, eradicate political ills and establish peace on

earth. In summary, it was Tolstoy’s ‘The Kingdom Of God Is Within You’ which made

Gandhi speak of his “inner voice” and live a life of “simplicity”.